CN100411551C

CN100411551C - Method for preventing early floriation and few leaves of flue-cured tobacco

Info

Publication number: CN100411551C
Application number: CNB2005100984586A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张延春
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2005-09-08
Filing date: 2005-09-08
Publication date: 2008-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2025-09-08
Also published as: CN1927073A

Abstract

The invention relates to method to prevent the baking tobacco from being early blossoming and oligophyllous. The method can be applied to the single file and high border check tobacco fields which adopts culture under-glass with ground film. When more than 80% temperature records are over 8deg.C, dig deep caves on the covered border check and transplant the tobacco seedling to the round caves which has a depth of 10-12cm and diameter of 15cm, while making sure the tobacco growth tone at a depth of more than 5cm. The invention can not only prevent the baking tobacco from being early blossoming and oligophyllous it can also extend its field growing time by 10-20d to make sure the growing time is more than 120d. Besides, the tobacco won't compete with the post crops so they can be sowed on time and gain a good harvest.

Description

The method of prevention early floriation and few leaves of flue-cured tobacco

Technical field

The present invention relates to the crop yield of a kind of raising leaf class, method for quality, refer in particular to the method for the undesired physiological phenomenon of the early floriation and few leaves of flue-cured tobacco that can prevent the plantation in spring.

Background technology

Flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) is industrial crops important in the agricultural production, and its commodity value is realized that by blade the kind tobacco leaf that has can reach more than 25, and the kind tobacco leaf that has is at most 20 leaves, and what of blade directly influence its output and quality.Because the relation of blade profile and quality, few blade profile variety and quality is better than Multiblade variety and quality, but when in a single day few blade profile kind runs into the harsh weather of low temperature and less sunshine, its physiological function gets muddled, and advances to reproductive stage by nourishing and growing of early stage, will yield positive results, the number of blade also tails off with regard to corresponding thereupon, and blade is smaller, promptly presents the early floriation and few leaves phenomenon, directly influences its output and quality.

Tradition and prevention method are postponement flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) transplanting periods, avoid the influence of low temperature and less sunshine, but because the particularity of the climatic characteristic of China, postpone and transplant and can the phase of intercutting of flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) succession crop be impacted, cause the succession crop maturity period to run into frost or frost weather, succession crop can not normal mature be the underproduction reduction of income.Like this, stubble maturation back stubble was not yet done before regular meeting occurred in the time of in the farming sowing, or the not yet done situation of stubble before the stubble maturation of back, had directly influenced the economic benefit and the social benefit of agricultural production.

Summary of the invention

In order to overcome the contradiction of striving season because of flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) and succession crop, this invention provides a kind of method of preventing early floriation and few leaves of flue-cured tobacco, this method can not only guarantee flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) transplanting ahead of time, the early floriation and few leaves phenomenon can not appear, can grow by normal growth, and can guarantee that succession crop intercuts in good time, preceding succession crop good harvest.

Usually need be through seedling stage also, group's phase, prosperous long-term, squaring period and several growing stages of maturity period after the cigarette transplantation of seedlings to tobacco leaf picking, sound tobacco growth required time took more than 120 days, just can reach physiology growth demand, dry-matter accumulation and various interior quality are better.And owing to be subjected to climatic influences, be subjected to temperatures involved to the flue-cured tobacco growth later stage, and upper tobacco leaf can be added late rice and want rice transplanting by the sun solarization of burning, so the tobacco leaf of will gathering in advance, tobacco leaf will shorten breeding time.The thinking that the invention provides prevention flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) early floriation and few leaves method is: avoid the tobacco seedling growth awl to expose in the environment of temperature below 10 ℃ more than 72 hours.Show according to the study: temperature is below 10 ℃, and continuous time more than 72 hours the time, the exposed growth cone of cigarette seedling will be subjected to low temperature induction, transform to reproductive growth by nourishing and growing, bud breaks up in advance, and then the early floriation and few leaves phenomenon occurs, influences the output and the quality of flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette).Traditional transplanting phase is to pass through 10 ℃ when temperature is stable, and 80% fraction is arranged.Described 80% fraction is meant the ratio of temperature over the years by more than 10 ℃, and it is April 2 that the date of temperature by 10 ℃ in 8 years for example arranged in 10 years, and then to be exactly that temperature is stable pass through 10 ℃ this day, and 80% fraction is arranged.But cigarette strain land for growing field crops fertility cigarette can only reach 105 days-110 days, and the growing stage that flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) normal growth is grown needs more than 120 days.The transplanting phase that the present invention proposes is that Weather-stable passes through 8 ℃, and has 80% fraction, growing stage can reach 120 days-125 days.

For achieving the above object, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is: on the furrow face of covering with ground sheeting, open dark 10cm～12cm, the circle of diameter 15cm is transplanted the cave, and the tobacco seedling growth awl is ensconced below the native face 5cm.When temperature was lower than 10 ℃, because the miniclimate that the seedling cave exists, tobacco seedling growth carried out normal respiration, adds the greenhouse effects of covering with ground sheeting, and seedling cave temperature is during greater than 10 ℃, and seedling cave, wind sheltering cigarette ground temperature will be higher also.Although outside air temperature is lower than 10 ℃ like this, temperature is equal to or greater than 10 ℃ in the cave, and tobacco seedling growth awl does not expose in low temperature environment, and growth cone just can passivation, and vigorous growth cone is nourished and grown continuing to keep, and the early floriation and few leaves phenomenon just can not occur.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: both can transplant period ahead of time, and do sth. in advance 10 days-20 days than conventional method; Prolong growing stage, prevented the generation of cigarette strain early floriation and few leaves phenomenon simultaneously, both guaranteed the sufficient condition that flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) output, quality form, it is abundant to have guaranteed that again succession crop is extremely intercutted season phase; Realized the good harvest of forward and backward stubble crop.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: executed fertilizer and built mulch film furrow to be planted

Fig. 2: the furrow of having held the cigarette cave successfully

Fig. 3: the furrow behind the transplanting cigarette seedling

Fig. 4: floor map

The specific embodiment

The method of a kind of prevention flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) early floriation and few leaves, cigarette ground in the high furrow plantation of single file, making has been executed fertilizer and has been built the furrow 2 that mulch film 1 waits to plant the cigarette seedling, on furrow 2, offer dark 10cm～12cm, the round tobacco cave 3 of diameter 15cm, when temperature can stablize reach 8 ℃ after, and 80% fraction is arranged, begin to transplant, cigarette seedling 4 growth cones are ensconced below the native face 5cm, flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) is transplanted ahead of time, both guaranteed flue-cured tobacco (spring cigarette) output, the sufficient condition that quality forms the early floriation and few leaves phenomenon can not occur, growing stage can reach 120 days-125 days, the cigarette seedling can normal growth be grown, and can guarantee that succession crop intercuts preceding succession crop good harvest in good time.

Claims

1. method of preventing early floriation and few leaves of flue-cured tobacco is characterized in that: on the furrow face of covering with ground sheeting, open the cigarette cave, when temperature can stablize reach 8 ℃ after, begin to transplant, the cigarette seedling is planted deeply, cigarette strain growth cone is ensconced dark 10cm～12cm, the circle of diameter 15cm, and be lower than in the following cigarette cave of furrow face 5cm.

2. the method for prevention early floriation and few leaves of flue-cured tobacco according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: making has been executed fertilizer and has been built the furrow that mulch film waits to plant the cigarette seedling, on furrow, offer dark 10cm～12cm, the round tobacco cave of diameter 15cm, when temperature can stablize reach 8 ℃ after, begin to transplant, the tobacco seedling growth awl is ensconced below the native face 5cm.