CN105960974A - Interplanting method for winter rape, watermelon, and cotton in Yangtze-Huaihe region - Google Patents
Interplanting method for winter rape, watermelon, and cotton in Yangtze-Huaihe region Download PDFInfo
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- CN105960974A CN105960974A CN201610291671.7A CN201610291671A CN105960974A CN 105960974 A CN105960974 A CN 105960974A CN 201610291671 A CN201610291671 A CN 201610291671A CN 105960974 A CN105960974 A CN 105960974A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to an interplanting technology for crops, and specifically relates to an interplanting method for winter rapes, watermelons, and cotton in the Yangtze-Huaihe region. A conventional cultivation method of the Yangtze-Huaihe region is wheat and rice double cropping or rape and rice double cropping, and part uses triple cropping, and the method cannot be popularized in large scale. The interplanting method for winter rapes, watermelons, and cotton in the Yangtze-Huaihe region uses ways of culturing seedlings out of field and interplanting to realize triple-cropping harvesting of winter rapes, watermelons, and cotton. Since the rapes and the cotton are commercial crops in wide applications, the rapes and the cotton are suitable for large-area planting. Watermelon maturation stage is in summer in relatively high temperature, and market demand is large. The planting scheme also has universal applicability, and is suitable for large-scale popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Interplanting technique of crops, be specifically related to a kind of yangtse-huaihe region winter rape and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii.
Background technology
The conventional tillage mode of yangtse-huaihe region is rice wheat two season or Brassica campestris L Oryza sativa L. two season.This tillage method is organized as follows: Winter Wheat Planted or winter rape about annual November, gathers in the crops in month next year 5-6, and then rice cultivation, and the ripe harvest time of Oryza sativa L. is in the 10-11 month.
Although such take turns to make dispositions can dock implantation time completely, but plant for a long time same crop, the protection to soil is unfavorable, and additionally the output of crop is mainly grain, and economic value added is the highest, and the economic well-being of workers and staff in soil is bad.Although Citrullus vulgaris is planted after winter wheat and winter rape are gathered in the crops in some place in recent years, owing to the growth cycle of Citrullus vulgaris is about 100 days, after 5-6 month Brassica campestris L and Semen Tritici aestivi results, need time plantation and the results Citrullus vulgaris of 3 to 4 months, having arrived JIUYUE after Citrullus vulgaris results, now distance enters the winter and only has 2 months.Due to time and weather, cannot plant and gather in the crops before entering the winter one season the higher crop of economic worth.Although having tried to plant the kinds such as some leafy vegetables, but leafy vegetable demand is limited and is difficult to preserve, it is impossible to large-scale promotion is implemented.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of yangtse-huaihe region winter rape and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii, the method realizes in yangtse-huaihe region gathering in the crops in 1 year three season of main crops, improves the economic output in soil and is suitable for extensive enforcement.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides a kind of yangtse-huaihe region winter rape and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii, the method employing following steps:
(1) Fruit variety: winter rape variety has no special requirements, Citrullus vulgaris selects early-maturing variety, the kind that the Cotton Gossypii growth selection cycle is shorter；
(2) consolidation: soil is ploughed deeply, becomes Brassica campestris L furrow, furrow ditch to deep-cut consolidation according to the standard of every furrow about 3 meters, a reserved kind melon ditch in the middle of Brassica campestris L furrow；
(3) winter rape plantation: late October is to early November, according to getting rapeseed cultivation hole in spacing in the rows 30～40 centimetres, line-spacing 40～50 centimetres of Brassica campestris L furrow sorted out in step (2), fertilizer is sailed into according to the standard of 2000～3000 kilograms every mu in rapeseed cultivation is cheated, another every mu applies purity nitrogen 8～10 kilograms, phosphorus pentoxide 7～9 kilograms, potassium oxide 4～5 kilograms, be sprinkled into Brassica campestris L kind subsequently in plantation hole, and water once foot water；Chase after into a nitrogenous fertilizer according to the standard of every mu of 4～5 kilograms of purity nitrogens before entering the winter；Mid or late Febuary next year mends according to the standard of every mu of 5～7 kilograms of purity nitrogens before Brassica campestris L bolting and chases after a nitrogenous fertilizer；
(4) Citrullus vulgaris seedling: the late March in next year cultivates Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot to starting at the beginning of 4 months；Watermelon seed soak thorough after at a temperature of 25～32 degrees Celsius accelerating germination 24～36 hours, after sprouting, band bud kind is inserted greenhouse seedbed；Nursery soil humidity is maintained at 60%～70%, and temperature is maintained at 25 degrees centigrade；Can transplant when melon seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 core；
(5) interplanting Citrullus vulgaris: kind melon ditch reserved in above-mentioned steps (2) is deep-cut to about 40cm in early April, in kind of melon ditch, base manure is applied, simultaneously with applying carbamide 60～80 kilograms, common phosphate fertilizer 50～60 kilograms according to every mu of 400～500 kilograms of chicken manures, 80～100 kilograms of rape cake, the standard of 2000～3000 kilograms of farmyard manures；Subsequently by the Citrullus vulgaris seedling cultivated in above-mentioned steps (4) according to 50～60cm spacing in the rows field planting on kind of melon ditch, cover upper agricultural film insulation after watering foot water；Mid-April pokes the agricultural film above melon Seedling, is drawn out by melon Seedling.
(6) rape harvest: at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, gathers in the crops during Semen Allii Tuberosi pod Huang thoroughly in time；
(7) Citrullus vulgaris field management: by smooth for original Brassica campestris L furrow；And the unnecessary branches and tendrils of melon seedling are pinched, every strain Citrullus vulgaris stays 3-4 bar master climing；Mei Muzhuiru compound fertilizer 30～40 kilograms subsequently, then pour into once foot water；
(8) raising seedling of cotton: start to cultivate Cotton Gossypii rice shoot at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, cotton seeds is maintained at until sprouting at a temperature of 28～32 degrees Celsius after soaking thoroughly, after sprouting, band bud kind is inserted greenhouse seedbed；Nursery soil humidity is maintained at 50%～60%, and temperature is maintained at 28 degrees centigrade；Cotton seedling can be transplanted when growing to 4 leaf 1 core；
(9) set grows cotton: at 6 the end of month, the cotton seedling cultivated is transplanted in melon ground in step (8), gives pouring once foot water in melon ground before plantation, according to spacing in the rows 50～60cm, line-spacing 60～70cm plantation；
(10) results Citrullus vulgaris: ripe at Citrullus vulgaris at the beginning of 7 months, about in mid-July, after second batch gathered in the crops by Citrullus vulgaris, pulls melon vine immediately；
(11) Cotton Gossypii field management: level land, chases after into fertilizer according to the standard of every mu of 60～80 kilograms of carbamide, 6～7 kilograms of potassium oxide at cotton root, waters once foot water after topdressing；To its operation of pinching before Cotton Gossypii buddings；
(12) results Cotton Gossypii: entering early October, Cotton Gossypii initially enters the term of opening bolls, Cotton Gossypii of now can gathering, in mid-October, 40% ethephon agent 150-200 milliliter, the 60 kilograms of sprayings that add water of every mu of Cotton Gossypii are accelerated the ripening, and complete cotton picking in early November.
One of preferred version as the present invention, in above-mentioned step (3), enters before the winter topdresses, and takes out weak Seedling when Brassica campestris L seedling grows to 3～4 leaves, and often 5～6 strain strong sprouts were stayed in hole.
One of preferred version as the present invention, in above-mentioned step (4), after watermelon seed accelerating germination, is placed on the watermelon seed of rudiment in the environment of 5～10 degrees Celsius before inserting seedbed and puts 8-10 hour.Melon Seedling can be made more sturdy.
The method have technical effect that:
(1) owing to need not take too many space the seedling stage of Cotton Gossypii and Citrullus vulgaris, use nursery outside field, the some growth cycle of Citrullus vulgaris and Cotton Gossypii is transferred in seedbed, be that part-time is won in the plantation of three seasons；
(2) in Cotton Gossypii and the early stage of Citrullus vulgaris plant strain growth, by itself and other companion plantings, the time that the plantation of three seasons needs is won further.
(3) gather in the crops in realizing 1 year three season crop, the income in soil is improved, owing to Brassica campestris L and Cotton Gossypii are broad-spectrum industrial crops, be suitable for establishing in large scale；The Citrullus vulgaris period of maturation in temperature higher summer, the huge market demand, so the Plant plane of the present invention also has the universal suitability, be suitable for large-scale promotion.
Detailed description of the invention:
Hereinafter the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is described in detail.It should be appreciated that detailed description of the invention described herein is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, it is not limited to the present invention.
A kind of yangtse-huaihe region winter rape that the present invention provides and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii, the method uses following steps to implement:
(1) Fruit variety: winter rape variety has no special requirements, Citrullus vulgaris selects early-maturing variety, the kind that the Cotton Gossypii growth selection cycle is shorter.
Owing to the growth cycle of Cotton Gossypii is longer, so needing to select precocious variety of watermelon is that it wins growth time, Cotton Gossypii self also selects early-maturing variety to adapt to the time requirement of the three seasons plantation that the present invention proposes simultaneously.
(2) consolidation: soil is ploughed deeply, becomes Brassica campestris L furrow, furrow ditch to deep-cut consolidation according to the standard of every furrow about 3 meters, a reserved kind melon ditch in the middle of Brassica campestris L furrow.
Due to follow-up plant cotton of also wanting, deep ploughing can ensure that the soil later stage unlikely excessively hardens.Kind melon ditch reserved in the middle of Brassica campestris L furrow is growth of watermelon reserved location.
(3) winter rape plantation: late October is to early November, according to getting rapeseed cultivation hole in spacing in the rows 30～40 centimetres, line-spacing 40～50 centimetres of Brassica campestris L furrow sorted out in step (2), fertilizer is sailed into according to the standard of 2000～3000 kilograms every mu in rapeseed cultivation is cheated, another every mu applies purity nitrogen 8～10 kilograms, phosphorus pentoxide 7～9 kilograms, potassium oxide 4～5 kilograms, it is sprinkled into Brassica campestris L kind subsequently in plantation hole, and watering once foot water, base manure uses sufficient beneficially persistently provides nutrient for Brassica campestris L late growing stage；Chase after into a nitrogenous fertilizer according to the standard of every mu of 4～5 kilograms of purity nitrogens before entering the winter；Mid or late Febuary next year mends according to the standard of every mu of 5～7 kilograms of purity nitrogens before Brassica campestris L bolting and chases after a nitrogenous fertilizer, topdresses and can promote that tender flower stalk is sturdy, promote that plant grows up, it is possible to play the effect of volume increase before bolting.
(4) Citrullus vulgaris seedling: the late March in next year cultivates Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot to starting at the beginning of 4 months；Watermelon seed soak thorough after at a temperature of 25～32 degrees Celsius accelerating germination 24～36 hours, after sprouting, band bud kind is inserted greenhouse seedbed；Nursery soil humidity is maintained at 60%～70%, and temperature is maintained at 25 degrees centigrade；Can transplant when melon seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 core；Nurse young plants in hothouses, the seedling stage in the watermelon growing cycle can be transferred to seedbed, it is to avoid too early and Brassica campestris L strives ground.
(5) interplanting Citrullus vulgaris: kind melon ditch reserved in above-mentioned steps (2) is deep-cut to about 40cm in early April；In ditch, base manure is applied according to every mu of 400～500 kilograms of chicken manures, 80～100 kilograms of rape cake, the standard of 2000～3000 kilograms of farmyard manures, simultaneously with applying carbamide 60～80 kilograms, common phosphate fertilizer 50～60 kilograms；Subsequently by the Citrullus vulgaris seedling cultivated in above-mentioned steps (4) according to 50～60cm spacing in the rows field planting on kind of melon ditch, cover upper agricultural film insulation after watering foot water；Mid-April pokes the agricultural film above melon Seedling, is drawn out by melon Seedling；4 month temperatures have gone up, Citrullus vulgaris Seedling has been suitable for being transplanted to land for growing field crops, now the Brassica campestris L florescence is the most most, planting Citrullus vulgaris Seedling in kind melon ditch reserved in the middle of Brassica campestris L furrow, covering with ground sheeting can improve the soil moisture, promotes the growth of melon Seedling, lifting along with temperature, the growth temperature of melon Seedling needs to have been able to fully meet, and is now drawn out from mulch film by melon Seedling, otherwise has burn seedlings risk.
(6) rape harvest: at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, gathers in the crops during Semen Allii Tuberosi pod Huang thoroughly in time；
(7) Citrullus vulgaris field management: by smooth for original Brassica campestris L furrow；And the unnecessary branches and tendrils of melon seedling are pinched, every strain Citrullus vulgaris stays 3-4 bar master climing；Mei Muzhuiru compound fertilizer 30～40 kilograms subsequently, then pour into once foot water.After rape harvest, needing levels land is easy to Citrullus vulgaris and pulls climing；Pinching goes unnecessary branches and tendrils beneficially Citrullus vulgaris to bear fruit, and can improve Citrullus vulgaris substance；Citrullus vulgaris pulls the substantial amounts of nutrient of climing needs, pull climing before topdress supplementary nutrient.
(8) raising seedling of cotton: start to cultivate Cotton Gossypii rice shoot at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, cotton seeds is maintained at until sprouting at a temperature of 28～32 degrees Celsius after soaking thoroughly, after sprouting, band bud kind is inserted greenhouse seedbed；Nursery soil humidity is maintained at 50%～60%, and temperature is maintained at 28 degrees centigrade；Cotton seedling can be transplanted when growing to 4 leaf 1 core.Nurse young plants in hothouses, the seedling stage in the cotton growth cycle can be transferred to seedbed, it is to avoid too early and Citrullus vulgaris strives ground.
(9) set grows cotton: at 6 the end of month, the cotton seedling cultivated is transplanted in melon ground in step (8), gives pouring once foot water in melon ground before plantation, according to spacing in the rows 50～60cm, line-spacing 60～70cm plantation；
(10) results Citrullus vulgaris: ripe at Citrullus vulgaris at the beginning of 7 months, about in mid-July, after second batch gathered in the crops by Citrullus vulgaris, pulls melon vine immediately；Citrullus vulgaris have passed through results peak after second batch is gathered in the crops, removes melon seedling in time and provides more preferable growing environment for Cotton Gossypii.
(11) Cotton Gossypii field management: level land, chases after into fertilizer according to the standard of every mu of 60～80 kilograms of carbamide, 6～7 kilograms of potassium oxide at cotton root, waters once foot water after topdressing；To its operation of pinching before Cotton Gossypii buddings；Owing to early stage is applied with substantial amounts of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer during Brassica campestris L and growth of watermelon, the fertility of soil is relatively sufficient, is relatively suitable for cotton growth, but Cotton Gossypii needs fertilizer more, also needs to chase after Cotton Gossypii once foot fertile after Citrullus vulgaris cleaning.
(12) results Cotton Gossypii: entering early October, Cotton Gossypii initially enters the term of opening bolls, Cotton Gossypii of now can gathering, in mid-October, 40% ethephon agent 150-200 milliliter, the 60 kilograms of sprayings that add water of every mu of Cotton Gossypii are accelerated the ripening, and complete cotton picking in early November.
After entering November, the sunshine-duration shortens rapidly, and temperature declines, and is unfavorable for Cotton Gossypii autumn Fructus Persicae blow-of-cottons, so needing to promote cotton boll blow-of-cottons with ripener before November, it is simple to results.
One of preferred version as the present invention, in above-mentioned step (3), enter before the winter topdresses, weak Seedling is taken out when Brassica campestris L seedling grows to 3～4 leaves, often 5～6 strain strong sprouts were stayed in hole, rapeseed plants is crossed secret meeting and is caused yield to decline, so going weak depositing strong the nutrient in soil can be avoided to be disperseed to absorb in time, it is also possible to improve yield.
One of preferred version as the present invention, in above-mentioned step (4), after watermelon seed accelerating germination, is placed on the watermelon seed of rudiment in the environment of 5～10 degrees Celsius before inserting seedbed and puts 8-10 hour.Seedling exercising at low ambient temperatures, can make melon Seedling more sturdy.
Claims (3)
1. yangtse-huaihe region winter rape and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii, it is characterised in that the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Fruit variety: winter rape variety has no special requirements, Citrullus vulgaris selects early-maturing variety, the kind that the Cotton Gossypii growth selection cycle is shorter；
(2) consolidation: soil is ploughed deeply, becomes Brassica campestris L furrow, furrow ditch to deep-cut consolidation according to the standard of every furrow about 3 meters, a reserved kind melon ditch in the middle of Brassica campestris L furrow；
(3) winter rape plantation: late October is to early November, according to getting rapeseed cultivation hole in spacing in the rows 30～40 centimetres, line-spacing 40～50 centimetres of Brassica campestris L furrow sorted out in step (2), fertilizer is sailed into according to the standard of 2000～3000 kilograms every mu in rapeseed cultivation is cheated, another every mu applies purity nitrogen 8～10 kilograms, phosphorus pentoxide 7～9 kilograms, potassium oxide 4～5 kilograms, be sprinkled into Brassica campestris L kind subsequently in plantation hole, and water once foot water；Chase after into a nitrogenous fertilizer according to the standard of every mu of 4～5 kilograms of purity nitrogens before entering the winter；Mid or late Febuary next year mends according to the standard of every mu of 5～7 kilograms of purity nitrogens before Brassica campestris L bolting and chases after a nitrogenous fertilizer；
(4) Citrullus vulgaris seedling: the late March in next year cultivates Citrullus vulgaris rice shoot to starting at the beginning of 4 months；Watermelon seed soak thorough after at a temperature of 25～32 degrees Celsius accelerating germination 24～36 hours, after sprouting, band bud kind is inserted greenhouse seedbed；Nursery soil humidity is maintained at 60%～70%, and temperature is maintained at 25 degrees centigrade；Can transplant when melon seedling grows to 2 leaf 1 core；
(5) interplanting Citrullus vulgaris: kind melon ditch reserved in above-mentioned steps (2) is deep-cut to about 40cm in early April；In ditch, base manure is applied, simultaneously with applying carbamide 60～80 kilograms, common phosphate fertilizer 50～60 kilograms according to every mu of 400～500 kilograms of chicken manures, 80～100 kilograms of rape cake, the standard of 2000～3000 kilograms of farmyard manures；Subsequently by the Citrullus vulgaris seedling cultivated in above-mentioned steps (4) according to 50～60cm spacing in the rows field planting on kind of melon ditch, cover upper agricultural film insulation after watering foot water；Mid-April pokes the agricultural film above melon Seedling, is drawn out by melon Seedling；
(6) rape harvest: at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, gathers in the crops during Semen Allii Tuberosi pod Huang thoroughly in time；
(7) Citrullus vulgaris field management: by smooth for original Brassica campestris L furrow；And the unnecessary branches and tendrils of melon seedling are pinched, every strain Citrullus vulgaris stays 3-4 bar master climing；Mei Muzhuiru compound fertilizer 30～40 kilograms subsequently, then pour into once foot water；
(8) raising seedling of cotton: start to cultivate Cotton Gossypii rice shoot at the end of May at the beginning of 6 months, cotton seeds is maintained at until sprouting at a temperature of 28～32 degrees Celsius after soaking thoroughly, after sprouting, band bud kind is inserted greenhouse seedbed；Nursery soil humidity is maintained at 50%～60%, and temperature is maintained at 28 degrees centigrade；Cotton seedling can be transplanted when growing to 4 leaf 1 core；
(9) set grows cotton: at 6 the end of month, the cotton seedling cultivated is transplanted in melon ground in step (8), gives pouring once foot water in melon ground before plantation, according to spacing in the rows 50～60cm, line-spacing 60～70cm plantation；
(10) results Citrullus vulgaris: ripe at Citrullus vulgaris at the beginning of 7 months, about in mid-July, after second batch gathered in the crops by Citrullus vulgaris, pulls melon vine immediately；
(11) Cotton Gossypii field management: level land, chases after into fertilizer according to the standard of every mu of 60～80 kilograms of carbamide, 6～7 kilograms of potassium oxide at cotton root, waters once foot water after topdressing；To its operation of pinching before Cotton Gossypii buddings；
(12) results Cotton Gossypii: entering early October, Cotton Gossypii initially enters the term of opening bolls, Cotton Gossypii of now can gathering, in mid-October, the 60 kilograms of sprayings that add water of every mu of use 40% ethephon agent 150-200 milliliter are accelerated the ripening, and complete cotton picking in early November.
2. yangtse-huaihe region as claimed in claim 1 winter rape and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii, it is characterised in that: in described step (3), entering before the winter topdresses, take out weak Seedling when Brassica campestris L seedling grows to 3～4 leaves, often 5～6 strain strong sprouts were stayed in hole.
3. yangtse-huaihe region as claimed in claim 1 winter rape and Citrullus vulgaris and the interplanting method of Cotton Gossypii, it is characterized in that: in described step (4), after watermelon seed accelerating germination, before inserting seedbed, the watermelon seed of rudiment is placed in the environment of 5～10 degrees Celsius and puts 8-10 hour.
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| CN106576706A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2017-04-26 | 蚌埠市涂山绿园蔬菜科研专业合作社 | Method for interplanting oilseed rape, corn and cotton |
| CN107466629A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-12-15 | 贵州中魁农业（集团）中林农业发展有限公司 | A kind of dimension stereo agriculture planting method |
| CN108718980A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-02 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of oil cotton sequential cropping cultivation method |
| CN108718954A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-11-02 | 甘肃省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of method of cotton rape interplanting prevention field cutworm |
| CN111567336A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-25 | 安徽科技学院 | Planting method for interplanting various crops in wheat field |
| CN112189517A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Simplified cultivation method for interplanting watermelons and short-season cotton |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106576706A (en) * | 2016-10-29 | 2017-04-26 | 蚌埠市涂山绿园蔬菜科研专业合作社 | Method for interplanting oilseed rape, corn and cotton |
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| CN111567336A (en) * | 2020-05-06 | 2020-08-25 | 安徽科技学院 | Planting method for interplanting various crops in wheat field |
| CN112189517A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-01-08 | 山东棉花研究中心 | Simplified cultivation method for interplanting watermelons and short-season cotton |
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Application publication date: 20160928 |