CN100408622C - 新型非聚氯乙烯材料多层膜 - Google Patents
新型非聚氯乙烯材料多层膜 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种多层膜(10)。此膜有第一层(12),第一层是第一组分和第二组分的掺混物,第一组分是从以下组分中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸低烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与低烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为99%到55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为45%到1%,第二组分是由一种或多种以下聚合物组成的:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;粘附于第一层(12)的第二层(14);按ASTMD882测量此膜(10)的弹性模数低于60,000psi,按ASTM D1003测量膜的内部浑浊度低于25%,内部粘结度大于2,对于厚度为5密耳到15密耳的膜,其在120℃约27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%。此膜(10)可以被热封成具有密封口(34)的容器(30),当容器(30)在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口(34)仍保持完好。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体上涉及用于制备膜的高分子掺混物,更具体地说,涉及具有低变形性、蒸汽消毒时不粘合的膜,该膜是可热密封的并适合于制成具有挠性的医用容器。
发明背景
在医药领域中,由于有益的试剂常收集、加工和储藏在容器中,输送,以及通过导管最终注射输送到患者以达到治疗的效果,因此,用于制备容器的材料必须具有独特的性能组合。例如,对溶液颗粒污染物的目测检查要求光学透明的容器。为了通过压扁容器壁来注射溶液且不会将空气引入容器中,形成容器壁的材料必须具有足够的挠性。材料必须能在宽的温度范围内保持其挠性和刚性。材料必须能在低温下保持其挠性和刚性以减少药物的降解,因为一些溶液,如预先混合的药液,是在-25℃到-30℃的温度下在容器中储存和运输的。材料还必须能在高温下发挥功能并抵抗变形以承受蒸汽消毒的热量;蒸汽消毒是众多药液的容器和营养产品在运输前必须进行的过程。消毒过程通常包括将容器暴露在121℃的蒸汽温度下和高压下。
为便于制成有用的制品,在使用热封技术时材料最好是可密封的。因此材料必须能保持足够的热塑性以便在加热时熔化。
另一个要求是要减小由此材料制备出的制品在达到预期的效用后进行销毁时对环境的影响。对于在掩埋式垃圾处理场销毁的制品,最好是减少或避免在制备此制品时掺杂入低分子量可溶出的组分。通过使用允许对生产中的废料进行再热塑加工的材料能够实现进一步的优点。
对于那些为减少生物危害而通过焚化销毁的容器,最好是使用能减少或消除对环境不利和有腐蚀性的无机酸的形成的材料。
这种材料最好是不含或含少量的低分子量添加剂,如增塑剂、稳定剂和类似的能释放到药物或生物流体中的物质。
由于挠性聚氯乙烯(PVC)能满足多种功能化的需求,它通常是医药包装应用中选用的材料。PVC作为制备满足上述要求的装置的成本最低的材料中的一种,其显示了明显的优点。但是,PVC在市场上也有一些缺点。这些缺点通常包括PVC化合物与某些药品的不相容性,对氯的含量及其对环境的影响的关注,以及增长的对PVC的负面市场认识。因此,许多材料被设计出来以代替PVC。然而,很多替代的材料太贵以至于不能实施且仍旧不能满足上述所有要求。
已经开发出聚烯烃和聚烯烃掺混物,其能满足医用容器和导管的许多要求,而没有PVC的缺点。聚烯烃通常和医疗的应用是相容的,因为它们对流体有较低的可提取性。许多聚烯烃对环境是友好的因其在焚化时不会产生有害的降解物,而且适合于热塑再循环。许多聚烯烃是低成本材料,可提供经济的PVC替代品。然而,用聚烯烃替代所有PVC的优良属性还有许多障碍需要克服。
例如,在使用这类聚烯烃制备医疗导管时遇到一些问题。这种导管被发现具有较差的表面特性,以至于在使用滑面夹子夹住管子时,管子很容易被切割、切碎或留下划痕。而且,具有较好模数属性的这类聚烯烃,如超低密度的聚乙烯,其熔点温度低于高压釜处理中所达到的温度。
众所周知,通过化学试剂或高能离子辐射进行的交联可提高高分子基质的耐热性。化学交联是单独的高分子链间的共价键合,其大大延缓了高分子变形和在高温下流动的趋势,即使在高分子熔点以上也是如此。例如,授予Terumo的美国专利No.4,465,487公开了可通过辐照乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物来制备蒸汽高压医疗容器,辐照使用高能电子束(2Mev)以50kGy到100kGy的剂量来达到凝胶含量为50%到85%。该‘487专利公开如果在密封前辐照容器的EVA侧壁以使凝胶含量达到约50%或更高,EVA侧壁很容易剥离。(第4栏,第20-30行)。因此,该‘487专利公开在将容器密封为袋囊且仅留一个口不封后再进行容器侧壁的辐照。
类似地,美国专利No.4,453,940公开了由EVA和其他材料来制备医疗容器。该‘940专利也公开了通过用高能电子束进行材料的交联来提高EVA对高压釜的耐受性的步骤。该‘940专利提醒如果交联度超过50%,不可能再使用热封的方法。(第4栏,第27-35行)。
美国专利No.4,401,536公开了由聚丙烯和EVA或EEA的掺混物组成的交联的半刚性容器。此专利没有公开乙烯α-烯烃和聚丙烯的使用。它也公开在制品形成前进行辐照可导致制品具有较差的热密封性。(第4栏,第25-28行)。
转让给本受让人的美国专利No.4,892,604和5,066,290公开了一种医疗容器,其具有共挤出的高密度聚乙烯外层(表层)和醋酸乙烯酯含量约为18%的乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物的核心层。在用传统的射频热封技术制备出容器后,对该组件进行来自约5Mev的高能电子束加速器的约100kGy的电离辐射。高密度聚乙烯层发挥防止水汽和空气传输的作用,以使无菌的流体含量保持在一种相对稳定的浓度,这是世界上各种药典所要求的。然而在这种材料的构造中存在一些严重的缺点:1)为了用这种材料构造来制造容器,容器必须在交联处理前制备出来,因为交联的EVA层很难甚至不可能密封(这导致制造过程的低效率);以及2)充分交联所需要的辐照剂量也能释放出大量作为辐照副产物的乙酸。由于高密度聚乙烯对气体传输是一个障碍,被捕获的乙酸使得包装内的流体呈酸性-一种非常不好的结果。
授权于W.R.Grace的美国专利No.4,643,926公开用多层材料来制备医疗液体的容器,在特定的实施方式中,其中需要热封的层由以聚丙烯为主要成分的材料制成。众所周知由于聚丙烯在光照下会断链,热封层能保持热塑性并能热封至相似的表面。因此,整个的多层膜可以热封且可继续使用于高压消毒中。然而,多层构造的复杂性以及清洗和在膜中掺杂酸清除剂以去除辐照EVA产生的酸性副产物的可能需要,使得此过程相当复杂且费用较高。而且,由于这种膜是由几种不相似的材料构成的,在不减少光学和机械性能的情况下边缘修整和其他的膜碎料的再循环处理过程是很困难和不实用的。
美国专利No.5,055,328公开了一种多层特异交联的膜,其中热封层中含有添加的抗氧剂以延迟交联及促进交联后的热密封。同样地,加拿大专利1,125,229公开了另外一种特异性的交联多层膜,其外层含有交联促进剂。然而,这些结构都是多层结构且没有提到在高压釜处理中自粘结问题。
授予Sun的美国专利No.4,724,176公开了一种多层、定向、热收缩的容器,此容器具有辐照交联的外层及通过控制辐照过程得到的非交联的内封层。内层和外层可以是EVA共聚物。这种容器在加热时可以收缩,因此,可能不适宜作为一种在高压釜处理后必须大体上保持其全部容积的容器。
本发明的主要目的是提供可聚合的材料,这种材料总体上优于我们已知的其他材料,即那些在技术上已熟知的或已经商业使用的或市场化的材料。这类材料的性能包括挠性、用于目视检查的光学透明性以及有效的耐热性,以承受温度高达121℃的蒸汽消毒过程且没有明显的变形或自粘结。这类材料也应是非定向的,非粘结的以及能够使用热封技术密封的。这类材料也应基本不含有低分子量可溶出的添加剂,并能安全地焚化处理而没有大量腐蚀性无机酸的生成。另外,这类材料应能作为目前用于医疗设备的各种PVC材料的低成本替代品。
美国专利No.5,879,768公开了一种由含有可聚合组合物的密封层的材料制备得到的用于包装流动性物质的袋囊,所述可聚合组合物包括:(A)10到100%的(1)和(2)的掺混物,其中(1)指从5到95%的至少一种均匀支化的线性乙烯/α-烯烃互聚物,以及(2)5到95%的密度为0.916-0.930g/cc的高压低密度聚乙烯;和(B)0-90%的选自超低密度聚乙烯、线性低密度聚乙烯、高压低密度聚乙烯、乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物,以及均匀支化的线性乙烯聚合物的一种聚合物。该‘768专利没有公开对此掺混物的辐照,也没有公开将这种均匀支化的、大体上为线性的乙烯/α-烯烃共聚物与聚丙烯的掺混。
当一种以上的聚合物混合形成掺合组合物时,很难同时达到所有上述的目的。例如,许多掺合物产生明显的光散射;因此,它们无法满足光学透明度的要求。光散射的强度(用浑浊度(haze)测量)取决于微米范围内的组分的粒子尺寸,以及这些组分的折射率的接近程度。作为一般规律,选择能被满意地加工成很小的柆子尺寸且折射率的差别达到最小值的组分是很难的。本发明解决了这些和其他的问题。
发明概述
本发明提供了一种非聚氯乙烯、非定向的多层膜。此膜至少含有相互粘结的一个第一层和一个第二层。第一层是第一组分和第二组分的掺混物。第一组分是从以下组分中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃互聚物,(2)乙烯和丙烯酸低烷酯互聚物,(3)乙烯和低烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯互聚物以及(4)离子型聚合物,通常指离子交联聚合物。第二组分是从下面的一种或多种中选出的:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)含丁烯的聚合物,(3)含聚甲基戊烯的聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状烃的聚合物。第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约35%到约1%。
按ASTM D882测量此膜的弹性模数低于约60,000psi,按ASTMD1003测量内部浑浊度低于约25%,按以下定义得到的自粘结度大于约2,对超袋囊(overpouch)材料有微弱的粘结或没有粘结,在120℃和约27psi负载下样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热密封成具有封口的容器,其中当装有液体的容器在121℃高压釜处理一小时后封口仍能保持完整。
具体地,本发明涉及以下各项。
1.多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分是从以下组分中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸C1-C17烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与C1-C17烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约99~约55重量%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计约45~约1重量%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺;并且,
所述的膜是非定向的,并具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于约25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为约5密耳到约15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
2.上述1的膜,其中含丙烯的聚合物选自聚丙烯的均聚物、丙烯的无规共聚物、丙烯的嵌段共聚物、丙烯的无规三元共聚物、和丙烯的嵌段三元共聚物,其中丙烯的共聚物和三元共聚物具有选自有2到约17个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚单体。
3.上述2的膜,其中第二组分是丙烯和乙烯的共聚物并且乙烯在共聚物中的含量按重量比计为1-6%。
4.上述2的膜,其中第二组分是第一含丙烯的聚合物和第二含丙烯的聚合物的掺混物。
5.上述4的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约3倍。
6.上述4的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约5倍。
7.上述4的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少5℃。
8.上述4的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少10℃。
9.上述4的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率与第二熔体流动速率不同。
10.上述4的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度与第二熔点温度不同。
11.上述1的膜,其中环烯烃的环中有5到约10个碳原子。
12.上述11的膜,其中环烯烃选自环戊烯,环戊二烯、环己烯、环己二烯、环庚烯、环庚二烯、环辛烯和环辛二烯。
13.上述12的膜,其中环烯烃具有选自C1-C17烷基和丙烯酸酯衍生物的取代基。
14.上述1的膜,其中的桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物有至少7个碳原子。
15.上述14的膜,其中桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物选自具有至少7个碳原子的聚环状碳氢化合物。
16.上述1的膜,其中的α-烯烃有3-17个碳原子。
17.上述1的膜,其中的α-烯烃有4-8个碳原子。
18.上述17的膜,其中乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的。
19.上述1的膜,其中以约20kGy到约200kGy的剂量对掺混物进行电子束辐照。
20.上述1的膜,其中的第二层选自表层,射频敏感层,水蒸汽隔离层,气体隔离层,碎片层,密封层以及核芯层。
21.通过共挤出方法制造的多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分选自:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸C1-C17烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与C1-C17烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约99%到约55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约45%到约1%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺;并且,
其中所述的膜是非定向的,并以约20kGy到约200kGy的剂量对所述的膜进行电子束辐照。
22.上述21的膜,其中的膜具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为约5密耳到约15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,并且可以将所述膜热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
23.上述21的膜,其中对膜进行电子束辐射时,膜的氧分压低于环境条件。
24.上述21的膜,其中含丙烯的聚合物选自聚丙烯的均聚物、丙烯的无规共聚物、丙烯的嵌段共聚物、丙烯的无规三元共聚物、和丙烯的嵌段三元共聚物,其中丙烯的共聚物和三元共聚物具有选自有2到约17个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚单体。
25.上述21的膜,其中第二组分是丙烯和乙烯的共聚物并且乙烯在共聚物中的含量按重量比计为1-6%。
26.上述21的膜,其中第二组分是第一含丙烯的聚合物和第二含丙烯的聚合物的掺混物。
27.上述26的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约3倍。
28.上述26的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约5倍。
29.上述26的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少5℃。
30.上述26的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少10℃。
31.上述26的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率与第二熔体流动速率不同。
32.上述26的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度与第二熔点温度不同。
33.上述21的膜,其中环烯烃的环中有5到约10个碳原子。
34.上述33的膜,其中的环烯烃选自环戊烯、环戊二烯、环己烯、环己二烯、环庚烯、环庚二烯、环辛烯和环辛二烯。
35.上述34的膜,其中环烯烃具有选自C1-C17烷基和丙烯酸酯衍生物的取代基。
36.上述21的膜,其中的桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物有至少7个碳原子。
37.上述36的膜,其中桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物选自具有至少7个碳原子的聚环状碳氢化合物。
38.上述21的膜,其中的α-烯烃有3-17个碳原子。
39.上述38的膜,其中乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的。
40.上述21的膜,其中的α-烯烃有4-8个碳原子。
41.上述21的膜,其中的第二层选自表层,射频敏感层,水蒸汽隔离层,气体隔离层,碎片层,密封层以及核芯层。
42.多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分是密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约99~约55重量%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约45~约1重量%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
粘附于第一层的第二层;并且第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺,以及
所述的膜是非定向的,并具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为约5密耳到约15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
43.上述42的膜,其中乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的。
44.多层膜,所述膜包括:
乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的,其密度小于0.915g/cc,在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约99%到约55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约45%到约1%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
粘附于第一层的第二层;并且第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺,以及
所述的膜是非定向的,并具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为约5密耳到约15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
45.多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一层,第一组分是从以下组分中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸C1-C17烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与C1-C17烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约99%到约55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约45%到约1%并由第一含丙烯的聚合物和第二含丙烯的聚合物的掺混物组成;
粘附于第一层的第二层;并且第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺,以及
所述的膜具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为约5密耳到约15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
46.上述45的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约3倍。
47.上述45的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约5倍。
48.上述45的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少5℃。
49.上述45的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少10℃。
50.上述45的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率与第二熔体流动速率不同。
51.上述45的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度与第二熔点温度不同。
52.多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分是从以下组分中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸C1-C17烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与C1-C17烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约99%到约55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约45%到约1%并由第一含丙烯的聚合物和第二含丙烯的聚合物的掺混物组成;
粘附于第一层的第二层;并且第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺,以及
其中所述的膜是非定向的,并以约20kGy到约200kGy的剂量对所述的膜进行电子束辐照。
53.上述52的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约3倍。
54.上述52的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物具有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物具有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率是第二熔体流动速率的约5倍。
55.上述52的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少约5℃。
56.上述52的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度比第二熔点温度高至少约10℃。
57.上述46的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔体流动速率,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔体流动速率,第一熔体流动速率与第二熔体流动速率不同。
58.上述46的膜,其中第一含丙烯的聚合物有第一熔点温度,第二含丙烯的聚合物有第二熔点温度,第一熔点温度与第二熔点温度不同。
附图的简单描述
图1是本发明中单层膜的模截面视图;
图2是本发明中多层膜的模截面视图;
图3是由本发明中的膜制备出的容器;
图4是一个静脉注射流体给药装置;
图5是腹膜透析容器和导管装置;和
图6是用可剥离的封口隔离各个室的双室袋。
详细描述
本发明的实施方式有很多种不同的形式。应当理解的是,本发明的优选实施方式的公开应被视为是本发明原理的示例,而不是为了将本发明限制在实施方案所示的范围。
I.高分子掺混物及其单层膜
图1是本发明中的单层膜10。这种单层膜10是由含有第一组分和第二组分的高分子掺混物制备得到的。第一组分是从以下组中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃互聚物,(2)乙烯和丙烯酸低烷酯互聚物,(3)乙烯和低烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯互聚物以及(4)离子型聚合物,通常指离子交联聚合物。第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为99%到55%,更优选的是60%-85%,最优选的是65%-80%。
第二组分是从以下组中选出的:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)含有丁烯的聚合物,(3)含有聚甲基戊烯的聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物。第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为约45%到约1%,更优选的是约15%-40%,最优选的是约20%-35%。
按ASTM D882测量此膜的弹性模数低于约60,000psi,按ASTMD1003测量内部浑浊度低于约25%,自粘结度大于约2(如以下定义),对超袋囊材料有微弱的粘结或没有粘结,在120℃和约27psi负载下样品的蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热密封成具有封口的容器,在装有液体的容器在121℃高压釜中处理一小时后,这些封口仍能保持完整。
这里使用的,术语“互聚物”包括无规的或嵌段的共聚物和三元共聚物。
适宜的乙烯和α-烯烃互聚物优选具有按ASTM D-792测量低于0.915g/cc的密度,这些聚合物通常指极低密度聚乙烯(VLDPE),超低密度聚乙烯(ULDPE)和类似物。α-烯烃应含有3-17个碳原子,更优选的是4-12个碳原子并且最优选的是4-8个碳原子。在本发明的优选方式中,乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是使用单点催化剂得到的。适宜的单点催化剂体系是在美国专利Nos.5,783,638和5,272,236中公开的那些催化剂体系以及其他体系。适宜的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物包括由Dow化学公司出售的商品名为AFFINITY,Dupont-Dow公司出售的商品名为ENGAGE和Exxon公司出售的商品名为EXACT和PLASTOMER的产品。
术语“丙烯酸低烷酯”是指具有式1所示分子式的共聚单体:
R基团指含有1到17个碳原子的链烷基。因此,术语“丙烯酸低烷酯”包括但不仅限于丙烯酸甲酯,丙烯酸乙酯,丙烯酸丁酯等。
术语“烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯”是指具有式2所示分子式的共聚单体:
R1和R2是含有1到17个碳原子的链烷基且可以含有相同或不同的碳原子数。因此,术语“烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯”包括但并不限于甲基丙烯酸甲酯,甲基丙烯酸乙酯,乙基丙烯酸甲酯,乙基丙烯酸乙酯,甲基丙烯酸丁酯,乙基丙烯酸丁酯等。
适宜的含丙烯的聚合物包括聚丙烯的均聚物,丙烯与一个或多个选自含有2-17个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚单体形成的共聚物及三元共聚物。适宜的聚丙烯的共聚物和三元共聚物包括无规的或嵌段的丙烯和乙烯共聚物,或无规或嵌段的丙烯/乙烯/丁烯三元共聚物。适宜的丙烯和α-烯烃共聚物是由Montell公司出售的商品名为PRO FAX,PRO FAXULTRA和CATALLOY的产品。
本发明也打算使用含丙烯的聚合物的掺混物作为掺混物的第二组分。在本发明的优选方式中掺混物包括至少一种第一含丙烯的聚合物和一种第二含丙烯的聚合物。第一含丙烯的聚合物和第二含丙烯的聚合物可以从丙烯均聚物、共聚物和三元共聚物中选取。在本发明的优选实施方式中第一含丙烯的聚合物至少在两种方式中的一种上区别于第二含丙烯的聚合物。第一种区别是第一含丙烯的聚合物的熔体流动速率是第二含丙烯的聚合物的熔体流动速率的3倍,特别优选的是5倍。第二种区别是第一含丙烯的聚合物的熔点比第二含丙烯的聚合物的熔点优选时至少高5℃,更优选至少高10℃。熔点是按照ASTMD3417来测量的(由差示扫描量热法得到的聚合物的熔焓和结晶焓)。第一含丙烯的聚合物可以在第一区别、第二区别或两者方面与第二含丙烯的聚合物区别。
适宜的环烯烃和桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的均聚物和共聚物及其掺混物可以在美国专利No.5,218,049,5,854,349,5,863,986,5,795,945,5,792,824中找到;也可在欧洲专利EP 0 291,208,EP 0 283,164,EP 0497,567中找到,在此通过引用并入上述文献的全部内容并作为本文的一部分。
在本发明的优选方式中,适宜的环烯烃单体是环中含有5到10个碳原子的单环化合物。环烯烃可从取代的和未取代的环戊烯,环戊二烯,环己烯,环己二烯,环庚烯,环庚二烯,环辛烯,环辛二烯中选取。适宜的取代基包括低级烷基,丙烯酸衍生物等。
在本发明的优选方式中,适宜的桥接聚环状碳氢化合物单体有两个或更多个环且特别优选含有至少7个碳原子。环可以是取代的也可是未取代的。适宜的取代基包括低级烷基,芳基,芳烷基,乙烯基,烯丙氧基,(甲)丙烯酰氧基及类似基团。桥接聚环状碳氢化合物可选自上述引入的专利和专利申请中公开的化合物。适宜的含有桥接聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物是由Ticona公司出售的商品名为TOPAS,由Nippon Zeon公司出售的商品名为ZEONEX和ZEONOR,由DaikyoGomu Seiko公司出售的商品名为CZ树脂,及由Mitsui石油化工公司出售的商品名为APEL的产品。
在本发明的优选方式中,膜将具有以下物理特性:(1)按ASTMD882测量其弹性模数低于约60,000psi,(2)按ASTM D1003测量其内部浑浊度低于约25%,(3)按以下定义的自粘结度大于约2,(4)对超袋囊材料没有粘结,(5)在120℃及约27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,以及(6)此膜可以热密封成具有封层的容器,其中将装有液体的容器在121℃高压釜中处理一小时后封口仍能保持完整。
此膜也有充分的挠性以制备可流动物质的容器。按ASTM D-882测量时,该膜的弹性模数低于约60,000psi,特别优选低于约40,000psi,更加优选的是低于约30,000psi而最优选的是低于约20,000psi。当装有可流动物质的容器是静脉注射容器时,在排出液体时容器最好能塌陷的或其中塌陷,因此容器的弹性模数按照ASTM D-882测量应低于约40,000psi,特别优选的是低于约30,000psi,更加优选的是低于约20,000psi。
对于本发明的目的,自粘结被定义为在高压处理中膜自身相粘结的趋势。这种性能可由下述测试决定。膜片被切成8″×2″,长的尺寸同机器方向一致。将这些细长片卷成直径约0.5″长为2″的管子。通过用纸夹从一端将膜层挤压到一起来把这个卷起的膜固定在适当的位置上。然后将这些管子放到121℃的蒸汽高压釜中约30分钟。使这些样品冷却至少1小时。再展开膜。展开的阻力和对膜的相对的损害列于表1中:
表1
级别 观察到的结果
1 在不损害膜的情况下膜不能被展开。
2 膜很难被剥开且有明显的表面损伤。
3 剥离时有一定阻力并有很小的表面损伤。
4 剥离时有微弱阻力伴有极小的或没有表面损伤。
5 没有剥离阻力和表面损伤。
级别是由三人或更多人确定并取平均值作为结果。
超袋囊材料的粘结性是由下面的定性测试决定的。将一寸宽的膜片密封在典型的超袋囊袋中(中或高密度聚乙烯)。然后将超袋囊袋放入252°F和24.5psig表压的实验用高压釜中一小时。高压处理后,切开袋子取出膜片。如果膜能与超袋囊中分开而且没有在膜表面留下损伤的痕迹,则指定为没有粘结(N)级别。如果膜的分离产生可见的损伤,其级别是(Y)表明膜粘在了超袋囊上。也可给出级别(S)以表示微弱的粘结。
蠕变性能是由以下测试决定的,即在120℃下夹住厚度为约5密耳(mils)到15密耳的膜片并置于温度可控的炉中,再负载上一定的重量以产生约27psi的压力。负载40分钟后,取出膜片并记录预先标记的一寸宽带的尺寸变化。
此膜可以用标准的热封技术进行密封。当流体容器,如图3中所示的容器,是由通过密封周边以界定中心流体室的膜制备而成时,可以形成适当的封口。将容器装满水并进行标准的高压处理消毒过程。高压反应完成后适当的封口仍能保持完好。
本发明中膜的浑浊度按ASTM D1003测量低于约25%,非常优选的是低于约15%。对于本发明的目的,内部浑浊度定义为当膜的两面都被异丙醇浸湿时测得的浑浊度值。
II.聚合物和膜的加工
为制备本发明中的膜,使用重量送料器按设定的重量混合比例将原料加入到挤出漏斗中。用挤出模具将材料挤出得到单层膜。用适宜的能源照射此膜再密封形成流体容器。也可在挤出前对掺混物进行光照。也可在挤出前用单螺旋、双螺旋或本领域的技术人员熟悉的其他混合方法预混合原料。
辐照膜的优选方法是将其暴露于电子束能量约150Kev-10Mev的电子束下,特别优选的是200-300Kev,剂量是约20kGys到200kGys,特别优选的是60-150kGys。或者,用本领域的技术人员所熟知的方法对膜进行交联。本工业中使用的交联方法包括离子辐射(γ,β,紫外线等)和化学方法(过氧化物和缩聚反应)。
为减少或最小化电子束辐照中及随后膜的氧化降解,最好是减小辐照膜周围的氧的分压。使用真空或使用其他气体如高压氮气或其他用于实现此目的的技术降低氧的分压。在本发明的优选方式中,氮气流中氧的含量低于约100ppm,特别优选的是低于约40ppm。
III.多层膜
图2是多层膜20的实施例,其包括上述单层层12。在本发明的优选方式中,单层应是密封层。多层膜20可以包括任何附加层14或选自如表层,射频敏感层,水蒸汽隔离层,气体隔离层,碎料层,密封层以及核芯层的附加层的组合。
添加表层可以提高膜的摩擦阻力。表层可以是烯烃材料如丙烯和乙烯的均聚物和共聚物。表层也可是聚酯,共聚酯,聚酰胺或共聚酰胺。术语“共聚酯”等是指由多于一种的二醇和二元酸合成得到的聚酯。这里所用的共聚酯也可以表征为聚醚和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的共聚物。更优选这里所用的共聚酯可以表征为由1,4-环己烷二甲醇,1,4-环己烷二羧酸及聚丁二醇醚,或上述任一种的等同物作为反应物衍生出的聚合材料。
适宜的水蒸汽隔离材料包括但并不限于HDPE,MDPE和聚酯(PET,PBT,PEN等)。
适宜的气体隔离材料是那些阻止氧气,二氧化碳或其他气体通过的物质。适宜的气体隔离材料包括但不限于聚酯和聚酰胺。
光照前产生的碎片材料可以掺杂到一层或多层中。
IV.可流动材料的容器
图3是一种可流动材料的容器,具体地说,是静脉注射容器30。图4是静脉注射给药装置40以及图5是腹膜透析装置50。本发明还设想用本发明中的掺混物来制备医疗导管。由于管的厚度增加和管的圆形结构,制管时的辐照处理将有别于对膜的处理,但是,上述用于膜的辐照能量范围对管的处理仍有效。“可流动材料”是指在重力下可流动的材料。因此可流动材料既包括液体也包括粉末状或颗粒状物及类似物。容器30有按顺序放置及沿周边密封的侧壁32以界定用于装填流动材料如流体或颗粒状材料的室34。仅通过吹塑法或吹塑挤出法制备的容器,纵向边可以被密封。单口管36或多口管被用于填充或排空容器30中的物质。侧壁和单口管可以由上述单层或多层膜之一来制备。出乎意料的是,由上述的膜或掺混物制备出的医疗制品可以进行热封,即使此膜已被电子束辐照过。
热封可以通过使用本领域技术人员已知的标准热封技术来实现。
V.双室可剥离封口容器
图6是一双室容器70,其含有第一室72和第二室74,两者由一可剥离的密封口76隔离。容器侧壁75是由上述的高分子掺混物,单层膜或多层膜之一制备而成。双室容器有很多应用如分别储存两种组分用于后面的混合。组分可以是液体或粉末。可剥离密封口可以通过改变密封条件来制备,此时对容器侧壁75施加一定的力,可剥离密封口76即可被撕开。通常,双室之一装有液体。通过挤压装有液体的室的容器侧壁75,液体物质将流向可剥离密封口76,再使用足够的压力密封口76将撕裂,使储存在不同室中的组分混合。
虽然图6仅有一个可剥离密封口76,也可以提供多个可剥离密封口,以形成多个室。另外,图6显示可剥离密封口在侧边间延伸。可剥离密封口也可在纵向边之间延伸或仅绕一个不与固定的周边封口79交叉的区域延伸,以限定一个室。
可剥离密封口76可以在密封周围侧壁或制备固定的密封口的同时或其前后制造出来。通过控制密封条件可以制备出可剥离密封口76。通过使用比制备固定周边密封层低的温度和压力,或通过缩短用于提供固定密封口的密封时间,来制造可剥离密封层。通过膜表面特性的局部修饰(电晕处理(corona)或其他适宜的处理方法),剥离特性可以得到进一步加强。
使用超声熔接技术,传导热封技术和其他本领域熟悉的密封技术可以对容器进行密封。
V.I.实施例
将下表中的掺混物通过挤出方法制备成单层膜。用电子束辐照此膜,电子束加速电压为200Kev到300Kev,剂量如表中所示:
配方 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
DuPont/Dow Engage8003 | 100 | 95 | 90 | 80 | 70 | |||||
Dow Affinity PL-1880 | 100 | 95 | 90 | 80 | 70 | |||||
Exxon PP3505GE1 | 5 | 10 | 20 | |||||||
Montell SA-861 | 5 | 10 | 20 | 30 | 20 | |||||
Montell SG-982 | I0 | |||||||||
自粘结度-100kGy | 1 | 2 | 3.7 | 4 | 1 | NA | 1 | 2 | 4 | NA |
150kGy | 1 | 2 | 4.5 | 5 | 1 | NA | 1.3 | 2.3 | 3.3 | NA |
200kGy | 1 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 5 | 1 | 1.7 | 2 | 2 | 4 | NA |
对超袋囊材料的粘附-100kGy | Y | S | N | N | Y | NA | Y | S | N | NA |
150kGy | Y | S | N | N | Y | NA | Y | N | N | NA |
200kGy | Y | S | N | N | Y | NA | Y | N | N | NA |
120℃蠕变(%)0kGy | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 熔融 | NA | 550 | NA |
100kGy | 200 | 138 | 88 | 41 | 263 | NA | 216 | 98 | 28 | NA |
150kGy | 63 | 38 | 31 | 18 | 43 | NA | 31 | 25 | 13 | NA |
200kGy | 25 | 13 | 16 | 16 | 21 | 22 | 16 | 9 | 22 | NA |
高压釜处理100kGy | NA | NA | Y | Y | NA | NA | NA | Y | Y | Y |
150kGy | NA | NA | Y | Y | NA | NA | NA | Y | Y | Y |
内部浑浊度(ASTM D1003) | 1 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.8 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 4.8 | 2.2 |
拉伸模量(ps1,ASTM D882) | 2860 | 3800 | 6650 | 16260 | 6110 | NA | 12830 | 19810 | 28820 | 21060 |
Dow Affinity PL 1880是密度为0.902g/cc的ULDPE。
DuPont Dow Engage 8003是密度为0.885g/cc的ULDPE。
Exxon PP305GE1是丙烯均聚物(MFR 440)。
Montell SA-861是丙烯和乙烯的共聚物(MFR 6.5)。
Montell SA 982是丙烯和乙烯的共聚物(MFR 100)。
“NA”意为得不到。
Claims (30)
1. 多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分是从以下组分中选出的:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸C1-C17烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与C1-C17烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为99~55重量%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计45~1重量%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺;并且,
所述的膜是非定向的,并具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为5密耳到15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
2. 权利要求1的膜,其中含丙烯的聚合物选自聚丙烯的均聚物以及丙烯与选自有2到17个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚单体的无规共聚物和嵌段共聚物。
3. 权利要求2的膜,其中第二组分是丙烯和乙烯的共聚物并且乙烯在共聚物中的含量按重量比计为1-6%。
4. 权利要求1的膜,其中环烯烃的环中有5到10个碳原子。
5. 权利要求4的膜,其中环烯烃选自环戊烯,环戊二烯、环己烯、环己二烯、环庚烯、环庚二烯、环辛烯和环辛二烯。
6. 权利要求5的膜,其中环烯烃具有选自C1-C17烷基和丙烯酸酯衍生物的取代基。
7. 权利要求1的膜,其中的桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物有至少7个碳原子。
8. 权利要求7的膜,其中桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物选自具有至少7个碳原子的聚环状碳氢化合物。
9. 权利要求1的膜,其中的α-烯烃有3-17个碳原子。
10. 权利要求1的膜,其中的α-烯烃有4-8个碳原子。
11. 权利要求10的膜,其中乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的。
12. 权利要求1的膜,其中以20kGy到200kGy的剂量对掺混物进行电子束辐照。
13. 权利要求1的膜,其中的第二层选自表层,射频敏感层,水蒸汽隔离层,气体隔离层,碎片层,密封层以及核芯层。
14. 通过共挤出方法制造的多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分选自:(1)密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,(2)与丙烯酸C1-C17烷酯共聚的乙烯,(3)与C1-C17烷基取代的丙烯酸烷酯共聚的乙烯以及(4)含离子键的聚合物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为99%到55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为45%到1%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺;并且,
其中所述的膜是非定向的,并以20kGy到200kGy的剂量对所述的膜进行电子束辐照。
15. 权利要求14的膜,其中的膜具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为5密耳到15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,并且可以将所述膜热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
16. 权利要求14的膜,其中对膜进行电子束辐射时,膜的氧分压低于环境条件。
17. 权利要求14的膜,其中含丙烯的聚合物选自聚丙烯的均聚物以及丙烯与选自有2到17个碳原子的α-烯烃的共聚单体的无规共聚物和嵌段共聚物。
18. 权利要求14的膜,其中第二组分是丙烯和乙烯的共聚物并且乙烯在共聚物中的含量按重量比计为1-6%。
19. 权利要求14的膜,其中环烯烃的环中有5到10个碳原子。
20. 权利要求19的膜,其中的环烯烃选自环戊烯、环戊二烯、环己烯、环己二烯、环庚烯、环庚二烯、环辛烯和环辛二烯。
21. 权利要求20的膜,其中环烯烃具有选自C1-C17烷基和丙烯酸酯衍生物的取代基。
22. 权利要求14的膜,其中的桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物有至少7个碳原子。
23. 权利要求22的膜,其中桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物选自具有至少7个碳原子的聚环状碳氢化合物。
24. 权利要求14的膜,其中的α-烯烃有3-17个碳原子。
25. 权利要求24的膜,其中乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的。
26. 权利要求14的膜,其中的α-烯烃有4-8个碳原子。
27. 权利要求14的膜,其中的第二层选自表层,射频敏感层,水蒸汽隔离层,气体隔离层,碎片层,密封层以及核芯层。
28. 多层膜,所述膜包括:
第一组分和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,第一组分是密度小于0.915g/cc的乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物,第一组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为99~55重量%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为45~1重量%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
粘附于第一层的第二层;并且第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺,以及
所述的膜是非定向的,并具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为5密耳到15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
29. 权利要求28的膜,其中乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的。
30. 多层膜,所述膜包括:
乙烯和α-烯烃共聚物和第二组分的掺混物的第一外层,乙烯和α-烯烃的共聚物是通过单点催化剂得到的,其密度小于0.915g/cc,在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为99%到55%,第二组分在掺混物中的比例按重量比计为45%到1%并选自以下聚合物:(1)含丙烯的聚合物,(2)聚丁烯聚合物,(3)聚甲基戊烯聚合物,(4)含有环烯烃的聚合物以及(5)含有桥接的聚环状碳氢化合物的聚合物;
粘附于第一层的第二层;并且第二层选自丙烯均聚物、丙烯共聚物、乙烯均聚物、乙烯共聚物、聚酯、共聚多酯、聚酰胺以及共聚多酰胺,以及
所述的膜是非定向的,并具有按ASTM D882测量低于60,000psi的弹性模数,按ASTM D1003测量低于25%的内部浑浊度,内部粘结度大于2,使得所述的膜能形成卷并经高压处理,并在高压处理后能展开,对于厚度为5密耳到15密耳的膜,其在120℃在27psi负载下的样品蠕变低于或等于150%,此膜可以热封成具有密封口的容器,当容器在121℃下高压处理一小时时,这些密封口仍保持完好。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US09/526,357 US6969483B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2000-03-16 | Autoclavable, non-adherent, heat sealable polymer blends for fabricating monolayer and multiple layered films |
US09/526,775 | 2000-03-16 | ||
US09/526,379 US7267885B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2000-03-16 | Containers and peelable seal containers of new non-PVC material |
US09/526,775 US6743523B1 (en) | 2000-03-16 | 2000-03-16 | Multiple layer film of a new non-PVC material |
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CNB018005314A Expired - Fee Related CN1210341C (zh) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-03-08 | 用于制造单层和多层膜的耐高压加热的非粘合的可热封的聚合物共混物 |
CNB018064914A Expired - Fee Related CN1223328C (zh) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-03-16 | 新型非聚氯乙烯材料容器和可剥离密封容器 |
CNB018064922A Expired - Fee Related CN100408622C (zh) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-03-16 | 新型非聚氯乙烯材料多层膜 |
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CNB018064914A Expired - Fee Related CN1223328C (zh) | 2000-03-16 | 2001-03-16 | 新型非聚氯乙烯材料容器和可剥离密封容器 |
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US (3) | US6743523B1 (zh) |
EP (3) | EP1210389B1 (zh) |
JP (5) | JP2003528194A (zh) |
CN (3) | CN1210341C (zh) |
AR (1) | AR033354A1 (zh) |
AU (5) | AU776228B2 (zh) |
BR (3) | BR0105090B1 (zh) |
CA (3) | CA2371431C (zh) |
DK (1) | DK1210389T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2296784T3 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1055672A1 (zh) |
MX (3) | MXPA01011789A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW538086B (zh) |
WO (3) | WO2001070877A2 (zh) |
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- 2000-03-16 US US09/526,357 patent/US6969483B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2001
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- 2001-03-08 CA CA2371431A patent/CA2371431C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-03-08 JP JP2001569066A patent/JP2003528194A/ja active Pending
- 2001-03-08 DK DK01959928T patent/DK1210389T3/da active
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- 2001-03-08 AU AU81494/01A patent/AU776228B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2001-03-08 EP EP01959928A patent/EP1210389B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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