CN100373605C - 电子元件封装结构及其制造方法 - Google Patents

电子元件封装结构及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100373605C
CN100373605C CNB2004100431969A CN200410043196A CN100373605C CN 100373605 C CN100373605 C CN 100373605C CN B2004100431969 A CNB2004100431969 A CN B2004100431969A CN 200410043196 A CN200410043196 A CN 200410043196A CN 100373605 C CN100373605 C CN 100373605C
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circuit board
resin
electronic
projected electrode
packaging structure
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CN1551343A (zh
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中谷诚一
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Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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    • H01L23/488Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
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Abstract

一种电子元件封装结构,包括:多个电路板,每一个具有至少在其一个表面上的布线;和固定在电路板之间的电子元件封装体。电子元件封装体包括至少一个嵌入在由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件内的电子元件,至少一个电子元件选自有源元件和无源元件,突起电极布置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上,且电子元件与至少部分突起电极电连接。该构造允许电路板彼此连接以及可以得到高密度和高性能的结构。

Description

电子元件封装结构及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及内置有半导体和无源元件的电子元件封装结构及其制造方法。本发明还涉及允许精确电连接电路板的电子元件封装结构及其制造方法。
背景技术
近些年来,随着对高性能、小型电子设备的需求,已经需要具有更高密度和更强功能性的半导体封装体。此外,为了安装这种半导体封装体,还需要小型且高密度的电路板。
因为利用由钻头形成通孔结构的常规玻璃环氧板变得不能应付更高密度的封装,所以现在积极地开发具有内部过孔(via)连接的电路板代替常规玻璃环氧多层板(例如,参见USP 5,481,795(图7))。
然而,事实上,当前情况是即使具有内部过孔结构的高密度封装板也跟不上半导体更精细的设计规则。特别地,虽然根据半导体的更精细布线将引出电极的间隔制作得精细,达到大约50μm,布线的间隔和电路板过孔的间隔仍为大约100μm,因此电极从半导体引出的间距变大。该因素防碍了半导体封装的小型化。
同时,作为应对半导体小型化的构造,提出了芯片尺寸封装(CSP),(例如,参见H06(1994)-224259A(图1))。根据H06(1994)-224259A中公开的构造,半导体封装体倒装在电路板上,且还在电路板的下表面上形成二维栅格状电极,这样加宽了连接电极的间距。栅格状电极具有如此结构,使得倒装有半导体的具有100μm或更小间隔的电极,通过称为插入物的电路板中的过孔连接以栅格形式导出。这种构造使得引出电极的间隔大约为0.5至1.0mm。结果,不需要将用于安装CSP的电路板制作得如此精细,且可以使用低成本的电路板。另外,与半导体裸片的处理相比较,使用CSP的优点是使得所得到的结构可以像其可靠性已得到检测和确保的半导体封装体一样被处理。结果,与将半导体直接安装在电路板上的裸片技术相比较,可以减小断裂芯片、故障元件的检验和保障可靠性所需要的成本。而且,可以小型化封装,而这是裸片安装的优点。
作为这种CSP开发的结果,半导体封装尺寸越来越小。然而,随着因特网的发展,存在对更小设备的需求,例如允许个人处理信息的移动个人电脑和以移动电话为代表的信息终端。根据对更小设备的需求,半导体封装的小型化和电路板的小型化接近了它们的极限,且用于在电路板上封装元件的常规结构很难实现更小的且更高密度的封装。这是因为,即使半导体封装的连接终端的间距变窄了,存在电路板布线图形小型化的极限,且必须使用具有更多层结构的电路板来安装间距变窄的半导体封装,这样增加了封装成本。
为了处理这些问题,提出一种利用低成本电路板实现多层结构的方法和用于在板中嵌入诸如半导体的元件的三维封装结构。此外,提出了相互连接这种电路板以用于更高密度的封装的提议(例如,参见USP 5,484,647(图5))。USP 5,484,647公开了具有利用导电胶的内部过孔结构的预浸料坯被夹在电路板之间,并向其施加热压,由此可以有效地实现多层结构。
另外,作为三维封装结构,例如,做出通过在板中嵌入半导体和芯片元件来获得更高的密度的提议(例如,参见USP 6,038,133(图4)和JP 2002-280713A)。USP 6,038,133和JP2002-280713A示出其中半导体和芯片元件形成在板中以实现多层结构的例子。
而且,JP H08(1996)-340021A提出了使用粘合剂将布线膜粘着于半导体芯片表面上的技术。
如上所述,使半导体封装更小且使其间距变窄的努力接近了它们的极限,因此进一步小型化需要封装成本的增加和昂贵的电路板。
同时,至于在传统的例子中,对具有内部过孔结构的使用预浸料坯的低成本电路板施加热压以形成电路板的多层结构,该例子仅能够实现多层结构而不能获得微小布线图形。此外,在制造大片的电路板,随后分割成独立片以减小大规模制造成本的情况中,相反地需要大尺度设备用于制造电路板,这意味着会增加用于作为封装体或模块的多层结构的成本。因此,这不适合大规模制造。而且,在热压方法中,需要在180℃下加热和固化1小时或更多,这导致处理时间变长的问题。
而且,在具有三维封装结构的内置有元件的板的情况中,可以将已经存在的半导体和无源元件置于其中。因此,这种板具有使得即使是常规电路板也可以被更高密度地封装的优点。然而,当元件嵌入在电路板中,如上所述需要长处理时间,而且,如果在嵌入操作之后的检验中发现有故障,不能更换元件。
同时,作为连接将元件和电路板封装在一起的模块的方法,可利用连接器连接方法。然而,连接器自身尺寸大,而且在母板上安装连接器需要一定的空间,这成为高密度封装的障碍。
发明内容
因此,考虑到上述情况,本发明的目的是提供一种电子元件封装结构及其制造方法,该结构包括在其上、下表面设置有突起电极的封装体,该封装体具有嵌入其中的半导体和无源元件,并允许电路板连接从而能够实现高密度和高性能的封装。
本发明的电子元件封装结构包括:多个电路板,每一个电路板具有至少在其表面上的布线;和固定在电路板之间的电子元件封装体。电子元件封装体包括至少一个嵌入在由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件内的一个电子元件,而该至少一个电子元件选自有源元件和无源元件。突起电极布置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上,且电子元件与至少部分突起电极电连接。
根据本发明的制造电子元件封装结构的方法用于制造一种电子元件封装结构,该结构包括:多个电路板,每一个电路板具有至少在其表面上的布线;和机械地密闭于并电连接在电路板之间的电子元件封装体。该方法包括下述步骤:通过在由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件内嵌入至少一个选自有源元件和无源元件的电子元件,来准备电子元件封装体;在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上设置突起电极,其中在该步骤中,从电子元件封装体引出到电绝缘密封树脂模制部件外面的布线与部分突起电极连接;以及彼此电连接突起电极和电路板的布线。
附图说明
图1是示出根据本发明的实施例1的用于电子元件封装结构的电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图2是示出根据本发明的实施例1的用于电子元件封装结构的另一电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图3是示出根据本发明的实施例1的电子元件封装结构的构造的横截面图。
图4是示出根据本发明实施例2的电子元件封装结构的横截面图。
图5是示出根据本发明的实施例3的用于电子元件封装结构的电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图6是示出根据本发明的实施例3的电子元件封装结构的构造的横截面图。
图7是示出根据本发明的实施例4的用于电子元件封装结构的电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图8是示出根据本发明的实施例4的电子元件封装结构的构造的横截面图。
图9是示出根据本发明的实施例5的用于电子元件封装结构的电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图10是示出根据本发明的实施例6的用于电子元件封装结构的电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图11是示出根据本发明的实施例7的用于电子元件封装结构的电子元件封装体的构造的横截面图。
图12A是示出根据本发明实施例7的电子元件封装体的示意性顶视平面图;和
图12B是其后视平面图。
图13是示出根据本发明实施例7的电子元件封装结构的构造的横截面图。
图14A至14E是示出根据本发明实施例8的电子元件封装体的制造工艺的各步骤中的横截面图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的电子元件封装结构,其电子元件封装体包括:至少一个选自有源元件(例如半导体)和无源元件的在由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件内的电子元件;而且包括设置在封装体上面和下面的突起电极以允许与电路板相连接,并能够实现高密度且高性能的结构。
在本发明中,“电子元件封装结构”是指在用于布线的结构(板等)上安装一个或多个电子元件结构。“布线”是指用于传送电子信号的元件,其通常由金属制成。“电子元件”是有源元件(半导体元件、半导体封装体、石英共振器、表面声波(SAW)滤波器,等)的统称。“电子组件封装体”用于封装上述有源元件和/或无源元件。“芯片元件”是指其尺寸具体表示为例如1005、0603那样的微小元件,这来自于包括电阻器、电感器、电容器等的无源元件。“半导体元件”是指未被封装的半导体。在裸片封装的情况中,半导体元件安装在板上。当封装半导体元件(QFP、BGA、CSP等)时,最终得到半导体封装体。
突起电极优选具有大约10至250μm的突起的长度、大约50至250μm的直径和大约100至500μm的间距(一个突起电极与相邻突起电极之间的距离,包括其之间的间隔)。突起电极优选由金属制成,尤其是由焊料制成。
电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上的部分突起电极,优选地通过内部过孔相互电连接。采用该构造,上和下电路板可以通过板中的内部过孔短距离连接,且由于半导体嵌入其中同时可以实现更多的功能。
优选地,电子组件包括至少两个半导体元件,它们在其电路形成面的相反的面附着在一起,且电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的厚度基本上等于两个半导体元件的总厚度。采用该构造,通过利用上下面上的连接端子,电路板可以彼此连接,且由于两个半导体的嵌入,同时可以实现更多的功能。在上述说明中,“电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的厚度基本上等于两个半导体元件的总厚度”意味着厚度差在两半导体元件总厚度的10%之内。而且,该构造可以使总厚度更小。在上述构造中,用于粘合半导体元件和密封树脂的粘合层可以适量地施加在其表面上。
通过利用弯形的柔性布线板(FPC),可以将电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上的上下突起电极彼此电连接。采用该构造,由于诸如半导体的元件嵌入其中,可以获得高密度和高性能电子元件,此外,由于通过柔性板的连接,该构造允许而在上下面之间直接连接,可以直接电连接电路板。
电路板可以是选自双面板和多层板的至少一种。
上述电子元件封装体可以包括:电子元件封装电路板;设置在电子元件封装电路板的一个面上的任意位置的突起电极,该面在和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件接合的面的相对的一侧;设置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的一个面上的任意位置的突起电极,该面在与电子元件封装电路板接合的面相对的一侧上;以及至少两个嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件中的半导体元件。第一半导体元件可以安装在电子元件封装电路板上,而且通过引线键合,第一半导体元件的电路形成面可以与电子元件封装电路板电连接,第二半导体元件可以接合到第一半导体元件上,且第二半导体元件的电路形成面可以与设置在电绝缘密封树脂的一个面上的任意位置的突起电极电连接,该面在与电子元件封装电路板接合的面相对的一侧上。由于该构造在其下表面设置有电子元件封装电路板,可以实现半导体连接的再布线,且因此可以构造出具有精细间距的引出电极。
嵌入半导体元件可以安装在电子元件封装电路板上,且通过引线键合,嵌入的半导体元件的电路形成面可以与电子元件封装电路板电连接,并且通过引线框架和引线键合的方式,电子元件封装电路板侧的突起电极和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件一侧上的突起电极可以电连接。采用该构造,因为诸如半导体的元件嵌入其中,可以获得高密度和高性能电子元件封装结构,此外,由于通过利用引线键合将电子元件封装板与引线框架相连接,该结构使得在上下面之间可以直接连接,从而电路板可以直接电连接。
嵌入的半导体元件可以安装在电子元件封装电路板上,且嵌入的半导体元件的电路形成面可以通过倒装芯片方法电连接于电路板,并且电子元件封装电路板一侧上的突起电极和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件一侧上的突起电极可以通过金属球电连接。采用该构造,因为诸如半导体的元件嵌入其中,所以可以获得高密度和高性能电子元件封装结构。此外,因为该构造允许通过利用金属球连接电子元件封装电路板与突起电极,从而在上下面之间直接连接,所以电路板可以直接电连接。
电路板优选为在其中热固性树脂注入有增强材料。采用该构造,可以获得具有优良机械强度且具有热稳定性的半导体封装。
电路板优选为由热塑性树脂制成的树脂膜。采用该构造,可以获得薄而易弯曲的封装体。
优选地,热固性树脂为选自由环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂(polyimide resin)、聚亚苯基乙醚树脂(polyphenylene etherresin)、苯酚树脂(phenol resin)、氟树脂(fluorine resin)和异氰酸盐树脂(isocyanate resin)组成的组中的至少一个。采用该构造,可以获得具有更好的热稳定性的半导体封装体。
优选地,树脂膜为选自由全芳基聚酯(wholly aromaticpolyster)、氟树脂、聚苯醚树脂、间同聚苯乙烯树脂(syndiotacticpolystyrene resin)、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酰胺树脂(polyamide resin)、芳族聚酸胺树脂(aramid resin)和聚苯硫醚树脂(polyphenylenesulphide resin)组成的组中的至少一种。采用该构造,可以获得具有更好热稳定性的半导体封装体。
优选地,构成由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂膜制部件的树脂为热固性树脂。采用该构造,可以获得具有优良机械强度的且具有热稳定性的半导体封装体。
优选地,无机填充物为选自由SiO2、Al2O3、MgO、TiO2、BN、AlN和Si3N4组成的组中的至少一种。采用该构造,可以获得半导体封装体所需要的合适的热膨胀系数和热导率。
当采用Al2O3、BN和AlN时,可以获得具有高热导率的组件。当采用MgO时,可以获得良好的热导率且可以增加热膨胀系数。当采用SiO2(尤其是,非晶SiO2)可以获得具有小热膨胀系数和小介电常数的轻重量组件。
优选地,热固性树脂为选自由环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚亚苯基乙醚树脂、苯酚树脂、氟树脂和异氰酸盐树脂组成的组中的至少一种。采用该构造,可以获得能紧固地与半导体元件和电路板固定在一起的半导体封装体,并可获得热稳定性。
无机填充物和热固性树脂的优选混合比率在70至95wt%的无机填充物以及5至30wt%的热固性树脂的范围内。
优选地,内部过孔包括金属电镀。采用该构造,可以获得热稳定连接。
优选地,内部过孔包括导电树脂成分。采用该构造,可以使用高密度电路板。
优选地,使用焊料形成突起电极。采用该构造,可以有效地且在短时间段内连接电路板。
优选地,无源元件为芯片元件。采用该构造,可以嵌入已有的芯片元件,因此不需要开发特殊的无源元件,从而可以获得高精确度的特性。
根据本发明的用于制造半导体封装体的方法包括下述步骤(a)至(c):
(a)将与两个半导体元件的电路形成面相对侧上的面接合在一起;
(b)使用电绝缘密封树脂密封使得最终密封面与两个半导体元件的各自的电路形成面齐平;和
(c)在两个半导体元件的各自面上形成突起电极。
采用该方法,可以实现用于连接电路板的半导体封装,使之包括两个嵌入在其中的半导体元件和设置在上面和下面上的突起电极。
根据本发明的用于半导体封装体的另一制造方法包括下述步骤(d)至(h):
(d)在至少由一种电绝缘材料和布线图形构成的电子元件封装电路板上模接合(die-bond)半导体元件;
(e)通过引线键合连接半导体元件的电极和电子元件封装电路板的布线图形;
(f)在这样安装的半导体元件上安装独立准备的半导体元件;
(g)使用电绝缘密封树脂在这样安装的半导体元件的表面进行密封;和
(h)在密封的半导体元件的表面以及在电子元件封装电路板的电极处形成突起电极。
采用该方法,可以实现用于连接电路板的半导体封装,使之包括嵌入在其中的两个半导体元件和设置在上下面上的突起电极。
在突起电极形成之后,优选地增加一个步骤用于将制品分成想要的形状。通过以大片尺寸制造制品,随后分成单独的片,可以减小大规模制造的成本。
优选地,通过在树脂的固化起始温度或更低的温度下施加热和压力,来进行半导体元件的密封。采用该方法,可以减小对嵌入的半导体的损害。
优选地,利用密封树脂通过传递模塑方法来进行半导体元件的密封。采用该方法,可以在短时间段中填充并固化树脂,因此可以以低成本大规模制造产品。这里,传递模塑方法是指将一批要浇铸的材料放入与铸型腔不同的罐部分中,且将熔融态的要浇铸的材料传送到带有活塞的腔部分以获得模制部件。
如上所述,本发明的半导体封装体的结构包括至少一个半导体元件和/或嵌入其中的无源元件,以及在两个面上的突起电极,因此可以通过利用上下面上的连接端子连接电路板,同时,因为半导体嵌入其中而可以实现更多功能。而且,因为还可以在半导体封装体的表面上安装半导体和无源元件,可以实现高密度和高性能的电路组件。此外,在通过半导体封装体内的内部过孔连接突起电极的情况中,可以以更高的密度连接电路板。
根据本发明的另一半导体封装体,两个半导体芯片嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂化合物中,且各半导体芯片的电极与电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上的突起电极电连接。采用该构造,可以通过利用上下面上的突起电极有效地连接电路板,同时,因为两个半导体嵌入其中,可以实现更多的功能。
本发明的另一半导体封装体包括:电子元件封装电路板、两个安装在电子元件封装电路板上的并嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件中的半导体芯片、设置在电子元件封装电路板的一个面上的任意位置的突起电极,该面在与电绝缘密封树脂模制部件接合的面的相对的一侧;和设置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的一个表面上的任意位置的突起电极,该表面在与电子元件封装电路板接合的面的相对的一侧。采用该构造,因为嵌入两半导体元件所以可以实现高性能半导体封装体,且因为用于连接的突起电极设置在上下面上,可以有效地保护电路板。此外,因为在该结构下面设置有电子元件封装电路板,可以实现与半导体连接的重新布线,因此可以构造具有精细间隔的引出电极。
本发明的另一半导体封装体具有的结构包括,带有嵌入其中的至少一个有源元件和/或无源元件的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件和柔性板,该柔性板被弯形使得在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上的部分突起电极中,上下突起电极彼此电连接。采用该构造,因为嵌入诸如半导体的元件,所以可以获得高密度和高性能的产品,且由于该构造允许通过柔性板的连接而在上下面之间直接连接,从而可以直接电连接电路板。
下面参考附图描述本发明的实施例。本发明不受限于下面的实施例。此外,本发明可以包括下面实施例的组合。
作为本发明半导体封装体的第一实施例,至少一个半导体元件和/或无源元件嵌入在由至少一种无机填充物和有机树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件中,电绝缘密封树脂模制部件在两个表面上具有突起电极。嵌入的至少一个有源元件和/或无源元件与形成在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件上的突起电极电连接,且在设置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的两面上的部分突起电极中,上下突起电极通过内部过孔电连接。
这里,有源元件包括,例如,半导体芯片。无源元件包括诸如芯片电阻器、芯片电容器和芯片电感器的芯片元件。
结果,如图1中所示,可以实现在两个表面上具有突起电极的半导体封装体。当封装半导体芯片时,如图4中所示,芯片元件也被封装,这导致实现具有更多功能的半导体封装体的特别好的效果。此外,与常规封装体相比较,使用至少包含无机填充物和热固性成分的混合物作为电绝缘密封树脂模制部件,可以获得通过选择无机填充物来任意控制热膨胀系数、热导率和介电常数的特别好的效果。
此外,如图5中所示,在其中半导体芯片的后面彼此接合的构造能够获得更高密度和更高性能的半导体封装体。
实施例1
图1是根据该实施例的半导体封装体的构造的横截面图。在图1中,参考数字101表示电绝缘密封树脂,该电绝缘密封树脂由将无机填充物和有机树脂结合起来的混合物制成。参考数字102表示嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂101中并与其集成的半导体芯片。参考数字103表示在电绝缘密封树脂101厚度方向形成的内部过孔,这建立了形成在电绝缘密封树脂101两表面上的突起电极105和106之间的电连接。在该实施例中,用焊料形成突起电极105和106使得突起长度为100μm且具有200μm直径的半球形状。参考数字107a和107b表示形成在电绝缘密封树脂的两表面上的电极,其为用于突起电极105和106的基电极。当半导体芯片102嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂时,同时形成基电极107a和107b。基电极可以形成如下:在金属基板上安装半导体芯片102,和将已经加工成片状的电绝缘密封树脂叠加在其上,然后,向其施加热和压力以使半导体芯片102嵌入,其后处理金属基板以形成基电极。在其中形成有图形的引线框架可以与电绝缘密封树脂集成在一起作为基电极。
关于内部过孔103,一个可用方法是向用钻头或激光处理的孔施加镀铜或导电胶以建立电连接。作为半导体芯片102的电极的凸起104与突起电极106电连接,使得通过突起电极106可以执行关于半导体芯片102的电信号的输入/输出。
如图1中所示,因为半导体封装体包括嵌入其中的半导体芯片102,且允许在两表面之间的内部过孔连接,该构造可以用作设置有半导体特性的连接部件,用于电路板之间的连接。热固性树脂和热塑性树脂可以用作上述有机树脂。例如,环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚亚苯基乙醚树脂、苯酚树脂、氟树脂和异氰酸盐树脂可用作热固性树脂。有机膜基底材料可用作热塑性树脂,该材料可由全芳基聚酯、氟树脂、聚苯醚树脂、间同聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酰胺树脂、芳族聚酸胺树脂和聚苯硫醚树脂制成。
Al2O3、MgO、BN、AlN和SiO2可用作无机填充物。另外,如果需要,还可以向无机填充物和热固性树脂的混合物添加偶联剂、分散剂、染色剂和脱模剂。半导体芯片不受限于硅半导体,还可以利用双极元件、金属氧化物半导体(MOS)元件、具有不充分机械强度的硅锗半导体、镓砷半导体等。
而且,封装半导体芯片102的方法不仅限于如图1中示出的倒装片封装方法,且可以利用引线键合法等。对于与突起电极106电连接的凸起104,不仅可以使用焊料还可以使用金凸起,且可以使用通过布线接合制造的两阶段的突出凸起或通过镀金的凸起。此外,导电粘合剂可以用作凸起104和突起电极106之间的电连接。
而且,关于突起电极105和106,不仅可以使用焊料还可以使用铜箔。通过在其表面上进一步施加镀镍或镀金,可以获得半导体芯片102上的金属凸起104的稳定电连接。对于连接两表面的内部过孔103,不仅可以使用金属电镀还可以使用导电胶。可用作导电性胶的有热固性树脂,例如揉捏进作为导电材料的金、银或铜粉的环氧树脂。在它们之中,铜是有效的,因为它具有良导电性且引起最小的迁移(migration)。关于热固性树脂,液态环氧树脂热阻稳定。
可以通过将无机填充物和热固性树脂的混合物加工成片状,并在其中嵌入半导体芯片102来模制电绝缘密封树脂。
当制造该电绝缘密封树脂时,例如,可以使用在USA 6,038,133中公开的方法。或者,可以通过传递模塑无机填充物和热塑性树脂的混合物来制造。
根据以前的方法,将已经加工成片状的无机填充物和热固性树脂的混合物对齐并叠层在半导体芯片上。加工成片状的过程如下:通过混合无机填充物和液态热固性树脂,或通过将其粘度已被溶剂减小了的热固性树脂与有无机填充物混合,来准备粘胶状捏制材料,其后使粘胶状捏制材料定形以具有均匀的厚度,并向其实施热处理以获得片状部件。在利用液态树脂准备捏制材料的情况中,该结果具有粘合特性。因此,执行热处理以便轻微地固化捏制材料来除去这种粘合特性,同时保持捏制材料在非固化状态下的柔性。此外,在通过允许采用溶剂溶解树脂来准备捏制材料的情况中,进行热处理以除去溶剂,且相似地,在保持捏制材料在非固化状态下的柔性的同时除去粘合特性。通过利用热固性树脂在非固化状态下的减小的粘度,将半导体芯片嵌入其中,随后固化,由此可以获得如图1中所示的具有嵌入在其中的半导体芯片的封装体100。
根据后面的传递模塑方法,将半导体芯片和已经形成在预定位置的内部通孔插入在金属模具中,然后将加热并加压的树脂混合物引入金属模具中,由此可以制造如图1中所示的半导体封装体。
另外,如图2中所示,封装包括诸如芯片电阻器、芯片电容器和芯片电感器的无源元件的芯片元件404以及半导体芯片402,由此获得更高密度和更多功能的半导体封装体。参考数字408a和408b表示基电极。仅芯片元件可以代替半导体芯片封装在其中。当半导体芯片和芯片元件都封装在其中时,半导体芯片和芯片元件可以彼此电连接。采用该构造,组件可以由一个半导体封装体400构成。
图3是利用上述半导体封装体100将电路板彼此电连接的电子元件封装结构的横截面图。参考数字201和202表示电连接的电路板,而203和204表示电路板201和202的绝缘材料。可用的电路板绝缘材料包括由纸、玻璃织物、玻璃非织物、芳族聚酸胺非织物或类似物等制成的注入有诸如环氧树脂、氰酸盐树脂、苯酚树脂等制成的有机树脂的强化部件。参考数字207、208和209表示布线图形,而206和205表示连接两个层的内部过孔。例如铜箔可以用作布线图形,向其实施化学蚀刻以形成期望的布线图形。关于内部过孔205和206,可以向用钻头或激光加工的孔实施镀铜或导电胶,以建立电连接。
在电路板201和202上,安装半导体芯片215和212以及芯片元件211和210。安装方法不限于利用焊料的安装方法,还可以使用导电粘合剂。关于半导体芯片,可以利用引线键合、倒装片接合等,且半导体芯片215和212可以通过凸起213倒装安装,并且可用密封树脂214密封。参考数字100表示图1中示出的半导体封装体,其通过凸起电极105和106电连接电路板201和电路板202,且同时允许电路板201和202利用焊料彼此接合并相互紧固地固定。此时,通过用密封树脂粘合半导体封装体100与电路板201和202的布线图形208,可以执行更紧固的接合。由此,半导体封装体并不只用作电路板201与电路板202之间的电连接器,还可以利用半导体封装体100具有的各种功能,诸如处理功能、开关功能和存储器夹持功能等。结果,可以实现高性能、精确和紧凑的封装体。
实施例2
图4是使用实施例1中的半导体封装体100电连接电路板的电子元件封装结构的横截面图。参考数字301表示电路板,其包括绝缘材料303、布线图形304和内部过孔305。在电路板301上,安装半导体芯片306和芯片元件308、309和310。半导体封装体100具有与图1中示出的构造相同的构造,且具有突起电极105和106。通过利用焊料,半导体封装体100牢固地电性且机械连接于另一电路板312。该电路板312不限于实施例1中所述的常规电路板,且可以使用具有布线图形313且由有机膜314制成的柔性板(FPC)。全芳基聚酯、氟树脂、聚苯醚树脂、间同聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酰胺树脂、芳族聚酸胺树脂和聚苯硫醚树脂可用作FPC的材料。这些材料有热阻特性且具有柔性,从而它们可被弯曲来使用。
通过这种方法,除了有效地电连接和机械连接电路板301和FPC板312的能力外,本发明的半导体封装体还允许安装元件,诸如半导体,由此能够获得高功能性和紧密连接。
实施例3
图5是示出根据本实施例的半导体封装体500的构造的横截面图。在图5中,参考数字501表示半导体芯片而502表示另一半导体芯片。半导体芯片501和502彼此面对,其背面是与它们的电路面相反的面。各电路面与突起电极503和505电连接。参考数字506a和506b为分别在半导体芯片501和502的表面形成的基电极。
参考数字504表示电绝缘密封树脂模制部件,其保护半导体芯片501和502。半导体芯片501和502通过粘合剂在它们的后面彼此固定,利用传递模塑装置进行密封直到与电路面的每一表面的高度相同的高度,其后利用焊球等将突起电极503和505安装在各半导体芯片501和502的电路面上的电极上。
通过使用用于保护半导体芯片电路的表面的附着膜进行传递模塑,可以防止电路面的一侧被污染。而且,当利用焊料在电路面上形成突起电极503和505时,可以形成铝层以及进一步的镀金层作为电路面上的电极上的阻挡层。此外,关于焊料,可直接将一个球置于其上,随后加热融化,或施加膏状焊料膏,随后通过加热融化。
图6是示出通过利用上述半导体封装体500电连接电路板的电子元件封装结构的横截面图。其余的元件与构造与图2中的那些相同,因此使用相同的参考数字并省略对它们的解释。下面仅介绍要点。通过突起电极半导体封装体500电连接电路板201和电路板202,同时利用焊料紧固地接合电路板201和电路板202。此时,通过利用密封树脂将半导体封装体500与电路板201和202的布线图形208粘合,可以进行更紧固地接合。由此,半导体封装体500不仅只用作电路板201与电路板202之间的电连接器,还可以使用半导体封装体500具有的各种功能。结果可以实现高功能性、精确和紧凑的封装体。
实施例4
图7是根据本发明的该实施例的半导体封装体600的构造的横截面图。参考数字601表示半导体芯片,而602表示另一半导体芯片。半导体芯片601和半导体芯片602以面朝上的方式模接合在电路板603上,所以它们的电路面朝向上。直接安装在电路板603上的半导体芯片601通过引线键合的方法与电路板603上的布线图形电连接。半导体芯片602以面朝上的方式模接合在半导体芯片601上,且突起电极607通过形成在其中的电极608b形成在半导体芯片602上。参考数字605表示电绝缘密封树脂模制部件,其保护半导体芯片601和602。使用粘合剂等固定半导体芯片601和602,利用传递模塑装置进行密封以使其与电路面的表面共平面。然后利用焊球等在形成在电路板603的布线图形608a上安装突起电极606。通过在附着了用于保护半导体芯片电路表面的膜的情况中执行传递模塑,可以防止电路面一侧的污染。而且,当利用焊料在电路面上形成突起电极607时,可以在电路面上的电极608b上形成铝层并进一步形成镀金层作为阻挡层。此外,关于焊料,一个球可以直接置于其上,随后通过加热熔融化,或施加膏状焊料膏,随后加热融化。而且,在半导体芯片上,可以形成由氮化硅、聚酰亚胺制成的保护膜(未示出)以保护电路面上除电极之外的部分。而且,电路板可以是印刷电路板,如陶瓷板和玻璃环氧板。
图8是利用上述半导体封装体600电连接电路板的电子元件封装结构的横截面图。其余的元件和构造与图3中的那些相同,因此使用相同的参考标记并省略它们的解释。下面仅描述其要点。半导体封装体600通过突起电极电连接电路板301和电路板312,同时利用焊料紧固地接合电路板301和电路板312。此时,通过使用密封树脂将半导体封装体600与电路板301和312的布线图形结合在一起,可以执行更紧固的接合。由此,半导体封装体600不仅用作电路板301与电路板312之间的电连接器,还可以利用半导体封装体600具有的各种功能。结果,可以实现高功能性、精确且紧凑的封装体。
实施例5
图9是根据该实施例的半导体封装体的构造的横截面图。在图9中,参考数字701表示具有嵌入于其中的半导体芯片702的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件,而703表示具有布线图形706a和706b的柔性板(FPC)703。如图9所示,FPC被弯曲,且分别在两个表面的布线图形706a和706b的表面上形成突起电极704和705。半导体芯片702安装在FPC 703中,且用电绝缘密封树脂嵌入,其后FPC弯曲以与电绝缘密封树脂模制部件结合,且如上所述形成突起电极704和705。在FPC 703中形成布线图形,因此通过突起电极704和705可以与FPC 703建立电连接。采用该构造,不需要在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件中形成内部过孔,因此在大规模制造和成本上,该构造是有利的。可以通过与图3或图4的半导体封装体100、图6的半导体封装体500以及图8中的半导体封装体600中相同的方式使用这样获得的半导体封装体700。
实施例6
图10是根据该实施例的半导体封装体的构造的横截面图。在图10中,参考数字802表示在其中以任意叠层方式形成有绝缘层和布线图形的电路板,且这些层由内部过孔连接。在电路板802上,安装半导体芯片801,且半导体芯片801通过布线803与电路802上的布线图形连接。电路板802上的另一布线图形通过布线805与引线框架804连接。如图10所示,引线框架804是弯曲的,从而防止通过引线键合与其连接的布线805暴露于半导体封装体的表面。参考数字809表示形成在电路板802表面的布线图形,而突起电极807形成在该布线图形809表面上。
电绝缘密封树脂模制部件806密封这些电路板802、半导体芯片801、布线803和805以及引线框架804以便对其保护并固定,且在电路板和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的表面上,分别形成突起电极807和808。可用于电路板802的材料为由纸、玻璃织物、玻璃非织物、芳族聚酸胺非织物以及类似物等制成的增强部件,在其中注入有由环氧树脂、氰酸盐树脂、苯酚树脂等制成的有机树脂,其中,使用导电胶各层通过内部过孔连接起来。对于半导体芯片801,不仅可以使用倒装芯片方法还可以使用引线键合方法。
可以与图3或图4的半导体封装体100、图6的半导体封装体500以及图8中的半导体封装体600中相同的方式使用这样获得的半导体封装体800。
实施例7
图11是根据本实施例的半导体封装体的构造的横截面图。在图11中,参考数字902表示在其中以任意叠层方式形成有绝缘层和布线图形的电路板,这些层通过内部过孔连接,如前面实施例中的情况一样。在电路板902上,通过倒装片封装法安装半导体芯片901,且半导体芯片901通过凸起903与电路板902上的布线图形连接。电路板902上的另一布线图形通过金属球904与突起电极907连接。参考数字908表示形成在电路板902表面的布线图形,且突起电极906形成在该布线图形908上。
电绝缘密封树脂模制部件905密封这些电路板902、半导体芯片901和金属球904,以对其保护和固定,另外分别在电路板和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的表面上形成突起电极906和907。金属球904安装在已经安装了半导体芯片901的电路板902上,使用电绝缘密封树脂进行密封以覆盖金属球,随后研磨以使得金属球904表面的很小部分暴露出来,且在暴露的金属球上形成突起电极。金属球904的材料不仅限于铜、焊料等,也可利用表面镀有金属的树脂球。电路板902与金属球904之间的连接不仅限于焊料,也可利用采用导电粘合剂的封装。
此外,可以在电路板上安装多个半导体,金属球可以安装在相应半导体芯片的周边,随后进行密封并形成突起电极,随后可以用激光或通过切割被切成独立的小片以获得半导体封装体。
图12A和12B是从上下表面观察的具有上述构造的半导体封装体的示意图。图12A是从上观察的平面图,其中参考数字151表示电绝缘密封树脂模制部件,而152表示上突起电极。图12B是当从电路板一侧观察时的后视图,其中参考数字153表示电路板,而154表示以栅格形式布置在电路板153上的突起电极。虽然在图12A中突起电极仅布置在有限部分,它们可以如图12B中那样以栅格的形式布置。通过在上下面以栅格形式布置突起电极,可以建立高密度连接。
图13是示出了通过利用本实施例的半导体封装体900和图1的半导体封装体100来电连接电路板的结构的横截面图。参考数字180和181表示要电连接的电路板,而182和183分别表示电路板180和181的绝缘材料。与实施例1的情况一样,可用于电路板的绝缘材料为由注入有由环氧树脂、氰酸盐树脂、苯酚树脂等制成的有机树脂的由纸、玻璃织物、玻璃非织物、芳族聚酸胺非织物等制成的增强部件。参考数字186和209表示电路板180和181的布线图形,而185和184表示连接各层的内部过孔。
在电路板180和181上,安装半导体芯片190和191和芯片元件188和189。关于半导体芯片,可利用倒装片封装方法,而半导体芯片190和191通过凸起与电路板上的布线图形连接。
为了以窄间距电连接电路板180和181,本实施例示出使用两个半导体封装体的例子。如图13所示,通过使用两个半导体封装体100和900在电路板的两末端位置附近连接电路板180和181,可以得到不仅允许窄间隔的电连接还具有优良机械强度的封装体。
实施例8
图14A至E是示出了在图7所示的半导体封装体的制造工艺的一个例子中各步骤的横截面图。在图14A中,参考数字163表示电路板,161表示半导体芯片,168表示形成在半导体芯片161上的电极,而169a和169b表示在电路板163的两表面上形成的布线图形。在电路板163上施加模接合胶,且在其上安装半导体芯片161,随后通过加热以固化模接合胶。关于模接合胶,可使用作为导电填充物的银粉与热固性树脂的混合物。可通过印刷施加或通过分配器施加粘胶。
接着,如图14B所示,在半导体芯片161的电极图形与电路板的布线图形之间使用金线进行引线键合。优选地向半导体芯片161的电极提供铝电极以促进金线的附着。通过化学蚀刻方法,由铜箔形成电路板的布线图形,优选地在铜箔上镀大约5μm厚的镍或镀更厚的金以避免由于铜电极的氧化导致的布线粘合的退化。优选地首先通过将形成在半导体芯片161侧的电极上的球加热使之融化,然后将其接合在布线图形侧上,从而执行引线键合。
接着,如图14C所示,以与上述相同的方式模接合另一半导体芯片162。此时,在半导体芯片161的电路面上安装半导体芯片162,所以,优选用由聚酰亚胺等制成的绝缘膜保护半导体芯片161的电路面。参考数字170表示形成在半导体芯片162表面的电极。
接着,如图14D所示,用密封树脂165执行直到半导体芯片162的电路面的密封。关于密封树脂,可以使用实施例1中示出的材料。或者,可以进行密封以覆盖整个半导体芯片162,然后进行研磨直到达到半导体芯片162表面的电极。
最后,如图14E所示,突起电极166和167形成在电路板163的表面的布线图形169a上和半导体芯片162的表面的电极170上,这样就制成了半导体封装体。突起电极166和167不限于诸如焊料的金属球,它们可以通过在电极上印刷焊料膏且通过融化焊料来形成。
如上所示,在电路板上安装两个半导体芯片,由此可以获得高性能和高密度的半导体封装体600。而且,电路板的使用允许以窄间距与半导体芯片连接的布线再次连接,以使得形成引出电极,即栅格式的突起电极。
在上述实施例中,优选在大片的电路板上安装多个半导体芯片,使用电绝缘密封树脂对整片进行密封,最后将其分成想要的形状。这允许共同地进行封装和密封,这样能够大规模制造并降低成本。
在上述实施例中,在用电绝缘密封树脂密封时,优选地,可以将非固化状态中的热固性树脂和无机填充物的混合物加工成片状,且将半导体芯片嵌入在该片状部件中。这使得嵌入在其中的半导体芯片不被损坏,且可以减小内部应力。
下面详细描述本发明的具体例子。
[例1]
当制造本发明的半导体封装体时,使用的电路板为芳族聚酸胺环氧多层板,其中芳族聚酸胺非织物中注入了环氧树脂。关于芳族聚酸胺环氧多层板,使用18μm厚的铜箔,而且这就是具有使用导电胶的内部过孔的多层板。板的尺寸为120mmX120mm和0.4mm的厚度,且为四层布线板。关于表面布线层,通过镀5μm厚的镍以及进一步镀0.05μm厚的金而得到该层。
接着,在芳族聚酸胺环氧多层板的要安装半导体芯片的部分施加导电胶,且随后将总共三十六个半导体芯片(10mmX10mm,厚度0.2mmt)以6X6的矩阵形式安装。对在其上已经安装半导体芯片的多层板在150℃下进行热处理30分钟,以固化导电粘合剂。使用的半导体芯片并不形成为实际电路而不过是铝布线,用于执行连接可靠性测试,而在除连接部分之外的部分的表面上,涂覆聚酰亚胺树脂绝缘层。且利用25μm直径的金线通过引线键合来连接多层板的布线图形部分与这样制造的半导体芯片的电极。而且,利用导电粘合剂以与上述相似的方式在每一半导体芯片上安装另一半导体芯片。
将这样制造的其上已经安装两个半导体芯片的多层板与由电绝缘密封树脂制成的片状部件层叠在一起,其中电绝缘密封树脂制包含无机填充物和热固性树脂,并且向其施加热和压力,以将半导体芯片嵌入在混合物层中。作为施加热和压力的条件,将在其上已经安装半导体芯片的多层板放置于在150℃下加热的金属模具中,再放置片状部件,且然后利用金属模具施加9.8X102Pa(100kg/cm2)的压力。这样保持15分钟。
使用的混合物片由下面的无机填充物和热固性树脂制成。通过利用搅拌器混合无机填充物和液态热固性树脂来制造在该例子中使用的片状部件。所用的搅拌器在预定容积的容器中接收无机填充物和液态热固性树脂,并旋转同时旋转容器,并且即使混合物具有较高的粘度,也能够获得充足的扩散状态。用于该例子中的半导体内置组件的片状部件的成分如下:
(1)无机填充物:Al2O390wt%(由Showa Denko K.K.制造的‘AS-40’,球状12μm)
(2)热固性树脂:液态环氧树脂9.5wt%(由日本REC Co.,Ltd制造的‘EF-450’)
(3)其他:碳黑0.2wt%(由Toyo Carbon制造)
(4)偶联剂:0.3wt%(由AJINOMOTO CO.,INC制造的钛酸盐基偶联剂(titanate based-coupling agent)‘46B’)。
制造片状部件的具体方法如下:将已经称量的并混合的具有上述成分的预定量的粘胶状混合物滴在脱模膜上。将预定量的无机填充物和液态环氧树脂注入进容器中,且利用捏合机混合容器中的材料。捏合机使容器旋转,且进行大约10分钟的短时间段的捏制。对于脱模膜,使用75μm厚的其表面已经施加了硅脱模剂的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜。
接着,进一步在滴落在脱模膜上的混合物上堆积脱模膜,且通过施加压力压成均匀厚度。这样,将上述混合物定形为500μm厚且不具有粘合特性的片状部件。因为上述热固性环氧树脂具有130℃的固化起始温度,该树脂在上述热处理条件下为非固化状态(B阶段),因此其能通过在以后步骤中加热来再次制成熔融状态。
将脱模膜从这样获得的片状部件的两表面剥离,且将半导体芯片嵌入并根据上述方法进行固化。通过在150℃的温度和0.4Mpa的压力下加热来将半导体芯片嵌入,并保持该状态两小时以获得完全固化状态。
从半导体表面一侧研磨这样获得的在其中已经嵌入半导体芯片的多层板,以达到半导体芯片的电极部分的表面(参见图14D)。利用标准研磨机进行研磨使得板的厚度为0.8mm。
使用氧化铝作为无机填充剂的这样制造的半导体封装体600,与常规玻璃环氧板相比较,可以获得20倍或更高的热导率。相似地,当使用各种无机填充物来代替氧化铝时,即使在使用AlN和MgO的情况中,可以获得大于常规填充物的热导率。
当使用非晶SiO2时,可以获得接近于硅半导体的热膨胀系数。因此,该构造为有希望的板的构造,用于通过倒装法(flip-chip)来直接安装半导体。而且,通过利用AlN的良好的热导率,可以获得接近陶瓷板的热导率。而且,当向其添加BN时,可以获得高热导率和低热膨胀特性。特别地,使用氧化铝的类型,当其中含量为85wt%或更高时,能够获得良好的热导率,且成本低,所以这有希望用于高热导率封装体。而且使用SiO2的类型能够获得比其它材料低的介电常数,且其比重小,因而,这对于高频应用,诸如移动电话是有效的。
最后,使用焊料球安装器在多层板和半导体芯片电极上安装0.4mm直径的焊料球。这样,通过上述方法制成了半导体封装体。
在本发明的半导体组件的布线图形上,还可以进一步安装半导体芯片和电子元件,且因此可以获得显著的高密度封装的半导体组件。
这样制造的半导体封装体不仅可以使电路板彼此连接,还具有允许半导体芯片和无源元件安装在半导体芯片侧面上的突起电极上的特别好的效果,这样能够获得更高密度的封装体。
当嵌入所安装的半导体芯片时,在150℃的温度下施加压力直到树脂固化。然而,作为另一种有效方法,在100℃的热固性树脂的固化起始温度、或更低的温度下施加两分钟压力,使得可以利用热固性树脂的熔融粘性将半导体芯片嵌入,然后释放压力并加热至150℃以固化树脂。这使得半导体的嵌入可以与热固树脂的固化分别进行,因此需要施加压力的嵌入可以在短时间段内进行,并且如同在一个批处理中一样,需要用于固化的工艺可以共同进行,所以该工艺具有缩短需要的总时间的特别好的效果。
接着,如图8所示,利用上述半导体封装体600,电路板301和电路板312通过突起电极电连接,且同时,利用焊料,电路板301和312彼此紧固地接合并固定。
更为具体地,由于电路板301具有横穿整个层内部过孔结构,可以使用四层布线结构芳族聚酸胺环氧树脂板。以与上述相同的方式,在该芳族聚酸胺环氧树脂板的布线图形上镀镍和镀金,以促进焊接,且利用金属掩模在经过镀金的布线图形上印刷焊料膏。使用的焊料材料为由Sn-Ag-Cu制成的不含Pb的焊料。上述半导体封装体600与已经在其上印刷并安装焊料的部分对准。其后,通过利用回流焊装置,在芳族聚酸胺环氧树脂板301上进行焊接,在板301上已经安装半导体封装板600。在保持150℃的温度的断面下进行回流,然后加热以达到250℃,其中保持250℃的状态大约10秒钟。结果,利用焊料电性地且机械地连接半导体封装体600上的突起电极和芳族聚酸胺环氧树脂板301上的布线图形304。接着,连接半导体封装体600上的其他突起电极和FPC 312上的布线图形。FPC 312包括由聚酰亚胺制成的基膜,且布线图形通过粘合剂层连接在基膜的两面上。与上面相似,利用金属掩模在FPC 312的布线图形313上印刷如上的焊料膏,且将FPC 312与半导体封装体600的与上述面不同的侧面上的突起电极对准,在保持它们的位置同时,通过回流装置进行焊接。结果,通过半导体封装体600的突起电极,芳族聚酸胺环氧树脂板301的所需要的布线图形和FPC312电性地且机械地连接。
不仅安装了FPC以将输入/输出信号从安装了半导体和芯片元件的高密度芳族聚酸胺环氧树脂板301取出,而且还利用了与嵌入了两个半导体芯片的半导体封装体600的连接,因此,可以获得不仅用于输入/输出应用而且还具有半导体封装体600所具有的功能的高密度封装体。
与常规连接器相比较,该封装结构紧凑,而且具有窄的间距,并且还能够获得紧固的机械连接,并且对于小型化是有效的。
在上述例子中,虽然利用导电胶和焊料凸起,通过引线键合、倒装片封装方法安装半导体芯片,另一个方法也是可用的,即,将导电填充物扩散进热固性树脂片,并挤压凸起以使得仅在凸起部分产生导电性。
值得注意的是,虽然本发明示出使用两个半导体芯片的例子,另一种构造也是可行的,在其中一个半导体芯片形成有穿透电极,且突起电极从半导体的两表面引出。
在不脱离本发明的精神和本质特征下,本发明可以以其他形式体现。在该申请中公开的实施例在各方面被认为是示例性的而非限制性的。由附属的权利要求书而不是前述说明书示出本发明的范围,在权利要求书的等同物的意义和范围内的所有改变都包含于其中。

Claims (26)

1.一种电子元件封装结构,包括:
多个电路板,每一个具有至少在其一个表面上的布线;和
固定在电路板之间的电子元件封装体,
其中电子元件封装体包括嵌入在由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件内的至少一个电子元件,该至少一个电子元件选自有源元件和无源元件,
突起电极布置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的上下两面上,和
电子元件与至少部分突起电极电连接。
2.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中,在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的上下两面上的部分突起电极中,上面和下面的突起电极通过内部过孔电连接。
3.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,
其中电子元件包括至少两个半导体元件,在它们电路形成面的相反的一侧的面上,这两个半导体元件附着在一起,且
电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的厚度等于两半导体元件的总厚度。
4.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中电绝缘密封树脂模制部件上下两面上的上面和下面突起电极通过弯形的柔性布线板(FPC)彼此电连接。
5.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中电路板为双面板或多层板。
6.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,
其中电子元件封装体包括:
电子元件封装电路板;
设置在电子元件封装电路板的与电绝缘密封树脂模制部件接合面的相反面的任意位置的突起电极;
设置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的与电子元件封装电路板接合面的相反面的任意位置的突起电极;
至少两个嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件中的半导体元件,
其中一个半导体元件安装在电子元件封装电路板上,且该一个半导体元件的电路形成面通过引线键合与电子元件封装电路板电连接,
另一个半导体元件接合到上述一个半导体元件上,和
另一个半导体元件的电路形成面,与形成在上述电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的与上述电子元件封装电路板接合面的相反面的任意位置的突起电极电连接。
7.根据权利要求6的电子元件封装结构,
其中嵌入的半导体元件安装在电子元件封装电路板上,且嵌入的半导体元件的电路形成面通过引线键合与电子元件封装电路板电连接,并且
电子元件封装电路板侧的突起电极和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件侧的突起电极,通过引线框架和键合线电连接。
8.根据权利要求6的电子元件封装结构,
其中嵌入的半导体元件安装在电子元件封装电路板上,且嵌入的半导体元件的电路形成面通过倒装芯片方法与电子元件封装电路板电连接,并且
电子元件封装电路板侧的突起电极和电绝缘密封树脂模制部件侧的突起电极,通过金属球电连接。
9.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中电路板为在其中热固性树脂中注入有增强填充材料的一种电路板。
10.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中电路板为由热塑性树脂制成的树脂膜。
11.根据权利要求9的电子元件封装结构,其中热固性树脂为选自由环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚亚苯基乙醚树脂、苯酚树脂、氟树脂和异氰酸盐树脂组成的组中的至少一种。
12.根据权利要求10的电子元件封装结构,其中树脂膜为选自由全芳基聚酯、氟树脂、聚苯醚树脂、间同聚苯乙烯树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚酰胺树脂、芳族聚酸胺树脂和聚苯硫醚树脂组成的组中的至少一种。
13.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中构成由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的树脂为热固性树脂。
14.根据权利要求13的电子元件封装结构,其中无机填充物为选自由SiO2、Al2O3、MgO、TiO2、BN、AlN和Si3N4组成的组中的至少一种。
15.根据权利要求13的电子元件封装结构,其中热固性树脂为选自由环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺树脂、聚亚苯基乙醚树脂、苯酚树脂、氟树脂和异氰酸盐树脂组成的组中的至少一种。
16.根据权利要求2的电子元件封装结构,上述内部过孔实施有金属电镀。
17.根据权利要求2的电子元件封装结构,其中内部过孔包括导电树脂成分。
18.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中突起电极由焊料形成。
19.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中突起电极形成在电极板上。
20.根据权利要求1的电子元件封装结构,其中无源元件为表面安装形式。
21.一种用于制造电子元件封装结构的方法,该封装结构包括:多个电路板,每一个具有至少在其一个表面上的布线;和机械地固定并电连接在电路板之间的电子元件封装体,该方法包括下述步骤:
通过在由无机填充物和树脂制成的电绝缘密封树脂模制部件内嵌入选自有源元件和无源元件的至少一个电子元件来准备电子元件封装体;
在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的上下两面上布置突起电极,其中在该步骤中,从电子元件封装体出来到电绝缘密封树脂模制部件外面的布线与部分突起电极连接;和
将突起电极与电路板的布线彼此电连接。
22.根据权利要求21的制造电子元件封装结构的方法,其中在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的上下两面上的部分突起电极中,上面和下面突起电极通过内部过孔电连接。
23.根据权利要求21的制造电子元件封装结构的方法,
其中电子元件包括两个半导体元件,
其中在与两半导体的电路形成面相反的面上,两半导体彼此接合,
用电绝缘密封树脂进行密封,使两半导体元件的各自电路形成面为齐平面,和
突起电极形成在两半导体元件的各自接合面的相反面上。
24.根据权利要求23的制造电子元件封装结构的方法,其中利用密封树脂通过传递模塑方法来进行半导体元件的密封。
25.根据权利要求21的制造电子元件封装结构的方法,
其中电子元件封装体包括:
电子元件封装电路板;
设置在电子元件封装电路板的与电绝缘密封树脂模制部件接合面的相反面的任意位置的突起电极;
设置在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件的与电子元件封装电路板接合面的相反面的任意位置的突起电极;和
至少两个嵌入在电绝缘密封树脂模制部件中的半导体元件,
其中一个半导体元件模接合到电子元件封装电路板上,
上述一个半导体元件的电极通过引线键合方法与电子元件封装电路板的布线图形连接,
将另外准备的另一个半导体元件接合到进行了上述连接的半导体元件上,
用电绝缘密封树脂进行密封直到进行了上述安装的另一个半导体元件的表面,和
在被密封的半导体元件的表面和电子元件封装电路板的布线图形上形成突起电极。
26.根据权利要求25的制造电子元件封装结构的方法,其中利用密封树脂通过传递模塑方法来进行半导体元件的密封。
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