CA2872748C - Low temperature hardenable steels with excellent machinability - Google Patents
Low temperature hardenable steels with excellent machinability Download PDFInfo
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- CA2872748C CA2872748C CA2872748A CA2872748A CA2872748C CA 2872748 C CA2872748 C CA 2872748C CA 2872748 A CA2872748 A CA 2872748A CA 2872748 A CA2872748 A CA 2872748A CA 2872748 C CA2872748 C CA 2872748C
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- steel
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- bainite
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 84
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000019589 hardness Nutrition 0.000 description 126
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 69
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 36
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 35
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 23
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910001315 Tool steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010310 metallurgical process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052695 Americium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052685 Curium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052693 Europium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004179 HfZr Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052766 Lawrencium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052765 Lutetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052764 Mendelevium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052781 Neptunium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052771 Terbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNXQLKRSCXRXFA-UHFFFAOYSA-L [SH-].[SH-].[Mn++] Chemical compound [SH-].[SH-].[Mn++] GNXQLKRSCXRXFA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001234 light alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021481 rutherfordium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052713 technetium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052716 thallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005382 thermal cycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000930 thermomechanical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/58—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/08—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing nickel
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/30—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with cobalt
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
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- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/54—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/003—Cementite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20120166948 EP2662462A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2012-05-07 | Low temperature hardenable steels with excellent machinability |
| EP12166948.5 | 2012-05-07 | ||
| PCT/EP2013/059471 WO2013167580A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-05-07 | Low temperature hardenable steels with excellent machinability |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CA2872748A1 CA2872748A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
| CA2872748C true CA2872748C (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2872748A Active CA2872748C (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-05-07 | Low temperature hardenable steels with excellent machinability |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (4) | US10077490B2 (enExample) |
| EP (2) | EP2662462A1 (enExample) |
| JP (4) | JP2015521235A (enExample) |
| KR (4) | KR20230003595A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2872748C (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2013167580A1 (enExample) |
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| KR100391897B1 (ko) * | 2000-08-24 | 2003-07-16 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 고인성 합금주강과 그 제조방법 및 이를 이용한 이중주조물 |
| US20030009956A1 (en) | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-16 | Gary Manlove | Spacer for roof structures |
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| AT504331B8 (de) * | 2006-10-27 | 2008-09-15 | Boehler Edelstahl | Stahllegierung für spanabhebende werkzeuge |
| JP2008169411A (ja) * | 2007-01-10 | 2008-07-24 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | 型材用鋼 |
| US8657972B2 (en) | 2007-12-26 | 2014-02-25 | Wayne State University | Development of a high strength high toughness steel |
| PT2236639E (pt) * | 2009-04-01 | 2012-08-02 | Isaac Valls Angles | Aço de ferramentas de trabalho a quente com uma tenacidade e condutividade térmica excepcionais |
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| FR2960883B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-07-13 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas | Acier faiblement allie a limite d'elasticite elevee et haute resistance a la fissuration sous contrainte par les sulfures |
| EP2662462A1 (en) | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-13 | Valls Besitz GmbH | Low temperature hardenable steels with excellent machinability |
-
2012
- 2012-05-07 EP EP20120166948 patent/EP2662462A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2013
- 2013-05-07 US US14/399,289 patent/US10077490B2/en active Active
- 2013-05-07 KR KR1020227043374A patent/KR20230003595A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-05-07 WO PCT/EP2013/059471 patent/WO2013167580A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2013-05-07 KR KR1020207013252A patent/KR20200053648A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-05-07 EP EP13730125.5A patent/EP2847359A1/en active Pending
- 2013-05-07 CA CA2872748A patent/CA2872748C/en active Active
- 2013-05-07 JP JP2015510791A patent/JP2015521235A/ja active Pending
- 2013-05-07 KR KR1020147034358A patent/KR20150013256A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2013-05-07 KR KR1020217018207A patent/KR20210075219A/ko not_active Ceased
-
2018
- 2018-01-26 JP JP2018011738A patent/JP2018109235A/ja active Pending
- 2018-08-02 US US16/052,826 patent/US20180363110A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2021
- 2021-01-26 JP JP2021010348A patent/JP2021073376A/ja active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-12-06 US US18/075,697 patent/US12286697B2/en active Active
-
2023
- 2023-11-17 JP JP2023195735A patent/JP2024019397A/ja active Pending
-
2025
- 2025-03-28 US US19/094,090 patent/US20250230533A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2013167580A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
| US20180363110A1 (en) | 2018-12-20 |
| JP2015521235A (ja) | 2015-07-27 |
| JP2018109235A (ja) | 2018-07-12 |
| EP2662462A1 (en) | 2013-11-13 |
| KR20230003595A (ko) | 2023-01-06 |
| JP2024019397A (ja) | 2024-02-09 |
| KR20150013256A (ko) | 2015-02-04 |
| EP2847359A1 (en) | 2015-03-18 |
| US20250230533A1 (en) | 2025-07-17 |
| US12286697B2 (en) | 2025-04-29 |
| US20150118098A1 (en) | 2015-04-30 |
| US20230101304A1 (en) | 2023-03-30 |
| JP2021073376A (ja) | 2021-05-13 |
| CA2872748A1 (en) | 2013-11-14 |
| KR20210075219A (ko) | 2021-06-22 |
| KR20200053648A (ko) | 2020-05-18 |
| US10077490B2 (en) | 2018-09-18 |
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