CA2520972C - Cmos-compatible integration of silicon-based optical devices with electronic devices - Google Patents
Cmos-compatible integration of silicon-based optical devices with electronic devices Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2520972C CA2520972C CA2520972A CA2520972A CA2520972C CA 2520972 C CA2520972 C CA 2520972C CA 2520972 A CA2520972 A CA 2520972A CA 2520972 A CA2520972 A CA 2520972A CA 2520972 C CA2520972 C CA 2520972C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- soi
- layer
- optical
- based arrangement
- silicon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 92
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 92
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims description 92
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 title description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 213
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis($l^{2}-silanylidene)molybdenum Chemical compound [Si]=[Mo]=[Si] YXTPWUNVHCYOSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000416 bismuth oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibismuth;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Bi+3].[Bi+3] TYIXMATWDRGMPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021344 molybdenum silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021334 nickel silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel silicide Chemical compound [Ni]=[Si]=[Ni] RUFLMLWJRZAWLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021341 titanium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WQJQOUPTWCFRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disilicide Chemical compound [Si]#[W]#[Si] WQJQOUPTWCFRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021342 tungsten silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 21
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
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- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000149 argon plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000708 deep reactive-ion etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/011—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
- H10F39/014—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12 of CMOS image sensors
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/12—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type of the integrated circuit kind
- G02B6/12004—Combinations of two or more optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/015—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction
- G02F1/025—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on semiconductor elements having potential barriers, e.g. having a PN or PIN junction in an optical waveguide structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D84/00—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers
- H10D84/80—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups H10D12/00 or H10D30/00, e.g. integration of IGFETs
- H10D84/82—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups H10D12/00 or H10D30/00, e.g. integration of IGFETs of only field-effect components
- H10D84/83—Integrated devices formed in or on semiconductor substrates that comprise only semiconducting layers, e.g. on Si wafers or on GaAs-on-Si wafers characterised by the integration of at least one component covered by groups H10D12/00 or H10D30/00, e.g. integration of IGFETs of only field-effect components of only insulated-gate FETs [IGFET]
- H10D84/85—Complementary IGFETs, e.g. CMOS
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/80—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates characterised by multiple passive components, e.g. resistors, capacitors or inductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/811—Interconnections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F55/00—Radiation-sensitive semiconductor devices covered by groups H10F10/00, H10F19/00 or H10F30/00 being structurally associated with electric light sources and electrically or optically coupled thereto
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N80/00—Bulk negative-resistance effect devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/01—Manufacture or treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10D—INORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
- H10D86/00—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
- H10D86/201—Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates the substrates comprising an insulating layer on a semiconductor body, e.g. SOI
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Nonlinear Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US46449103P | 2003-04-21 | 2003-04-21 | |
| US60/464,491 | 2003-04-21 | ||
| US10/828,898 US6968110B2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-04-21 | CMOS-compatible integration of silicon-based optical devices with electronic devices |
| US10/828,898 | 2004-04-21 | ||
| PCT/US2004/012236 WO2004095112A2 (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-04-21 | Cmos-compatible integration of silicon-based optical devices with electronic devices |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2520972A1 CA2520972A1 (en) | 2004-11-04 |
| CA2520972C true CA2520972C (en) | 2010-01-26 |
Family
ID=33162446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2520972A Expired - Fee Related CA2520972C (en) | 2003-04-21 | 2004-04-21 | Cmos-compatible integration of silicon-based optical devices with electronic devices |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6968110B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP1625615B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2006525677A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100745275B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2520972C (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2004095112A2 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (83)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7672558B2 (en) | 2004-01-12 | 2010-03-02 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Silicon optical device |
| US7013067B2 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2006-03-14 | Sioptical, Inc. | Silicon nanotaper couplers and mode-matching devices |
| US7187837B2 (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2007-03-06 | Sioptical, Inc. | Active manipulation of light in a silicon-on-insulator (SOI) structure |
| WO2005086786A2 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2005-09-22 | Sioptical, Inc. | Wafer-level opto-electronic testing apparatus and method |
| US7217584B2 (en) | 2004-03-18 | 2007-05-15 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bonded thin-film structures for optical modulators and methods of manufacture |
| US7177489B2 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2007-02-13 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Silicon-insulator-silicon thin-film structures for optical modulators and methods of manufacture |
| US7149388B2 (en) * | 2004-03-18 | 2006-12-12 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Low loss contact structures for silicon based optical modulators and methods of manufacture |
| US20050214989A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-09-29 | Honeywell International Inc. | Silicon optoelectronic device |
| US20060063679A1 (en) * | 2004-09-17 | 2006-03-23 | Honeywell International Inc. | Semiconductor-insulator-semiconductor structure for high speed applications |
| US7109051B2 (en) * | 2004-11-15 | 2006-09-19 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Method of integrating optical devices and electronic devices on an integrated circuit |
| US20060177173A1 (en) * | 2005-02-04 | 2006-08-10 | Sioptical, Inc. | Vertical stacking of multiple integrated circuits including SOI-based optical components |
| US7538032B2 (en) * | 2005-06-23 | 2009-05-26 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Low temperature method for fabricating high-aspect ratio vias and devices fabricated by said method |
| US7362443B2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2008-04-22 | Honeywell International Inc. | Optical gyro with free space resonator and method for sensing inertial rotation rate |
| US7442589B2 (en) | 2006-01-17 | 2008-10-28 | Honeywell International Inc. | System and method for uniform multi-plane silicon oxide layer formation for optical applications |
| US7514285B2 (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2009-04-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Isolation scheme for reducing film stress in a MEMS device |
| US7463360B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2008-12-09 | Honeywell International Inc. | Optical resonator gyro with integrated external cavity beam generator |
| US7454102B2 (en) * | 2006-04-26 | 2008-11-18 | Honeywell International Inc. | Optical coupling structure |
| US7535576B2 (en) | 2006-05-15 | 2009-05-19 | Honeywell International, Inc. | Integrated optical rotation sensor and method for sensing rotation rate |
| US7625776B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-12-01 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of fabricating intermediate semiconductor structures by selectively etching pockets of implanted silicon |
| US7709341B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2010-05-04 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Methods of shaping vertical single crystal silicon walls and resulting structures |
| US7628932B2 (en) * | 2006-06-02 | 2009-12-08 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Wet etch suitable for creating square cuts in si |
| US7989915B2 (en) * | 2006-07-11 | 2011-08-02 | Teledyne Licensing, Llc | Vertical electrical device |
| US7719073B2 (en) * | 2007-01-11 | 2010-05-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Capacitively coupling layers of a multilayer device |
| KR101277402B1 (ko) * | 2007-01-26 | 2013-06-20 | 마이크론 테크놀로지, 인코포레이티드 | 게이트형 바디 영역으로부터 격리되는 소스/드레인 영역을 포함하는 플로팅-바디 ｄｒａｍ 트랜지스터 |
| US7829462B2 (en) * | 2007-05-03 | 2010-11-09 | Teledyne Licensing, Llc | Through-wafer vias |
| US7974505B2 (en) | 2007-10-17 | 2011-07-05 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Method for fabricating selectively coupled optical waveguides on a substrate |
| WO2009051903A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Method for manufacturing multiple layers of waveguides |
| US7736934B2 (en) | 2007-10-19 | 2010-06-15 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Method for manufacturing vertical germanium detectors |
| US20100092682A1 (en) * | 2007-10-24 | 2010-04-15 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Int | Method for Fabricating a Heater Capable of Adjusting Refractive Index of an Optical Waveguide |
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| US7811844B2 (en) * | 2007-10-26 | 2010-10-12 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Method for fabricating electronic and photonic devices on a semiconductor substrate |
| WO2009058469A2 (en) * | 2007-10-29 | 2009-05-07 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | High-index contrast waveguide optical gyroscope having segmented paths |
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| WO2009058580A1 (en) * | 2007-10-31 | 2009-05-07 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | High-injection heterojunction bipolar transistor |
| US8299485B2 (en) * | 2008-03-19 | 2012-10-30 | Soitec | Substrates for monolithic optical circuits and electronic circuits |
| US7791031B2 (en) * | 2008-06-09 | 2010-09-07 | Honeywell International Inc. | Neutron detection structure |
| US8187972B2 (en) | 2008-07-01 | 2012-05-29 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Through-substrate vias with polymer fill and method of fabricating same |
| US20100001378A1 (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2010-01-07 | Teledyne Scientific & Imaging, Llc | Through-substrate vias and method of fabricating same |
| US7715663B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-05-11 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Integrated optical latch |
| US7693354B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-04-06 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Salicide structures for heat-influenced semiconductor applications |
| US8148265B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-04-03 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Two-step hardmask fabrication methodology for silicon waveguides |
| US7987066B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2011-07-26 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Components and configurations for test and valuation of integrated optical busses |
| US7853101B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2010-12-14 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Bi-rate adaptive optical transfer engine |
| US8288290B2 (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2012-10-16 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration Inc. | Integration CMOS compatible of micro/nano optical gain materials |
| WO2010044746A1 (en) * | 2008-10-16 | 2010-04-22 | Agency For Science, Technology And Research | An integrated assembly and a method of manufacturing the same |
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| EP1625615A2 (en) | 2006-02-15 |
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