CA2085952C - Olefin polymerization - Google Patents
Olefin polymerizationInfo
- Publication number
- CA2085952C CA2085952C CA002085952A CA2085952A CA2085952C CA 2085952 C CA2085952 C CA 2085952C CA 002085952 A CA002085952 A CA 002085952A CA 2085952 A CA2085952 A CA 2085952A CA 2085952 C CA2085952 C CA 2085952C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- grams
- alumina gel
- substrate
- range
- nickel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N picolinic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 SIOXPEMLGUPBBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229940081066 picolinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 13
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 silicated Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-KZUMESAESA-N (1z,5z)-cycloocta-1,5-diene;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].C\1C\C=C/CC\C=C/1.C\1C\C=C/CC\C=C/1 JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-KZUMESAESA-N 0.000 claims 4
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 34
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- ZZBAGJPKGRJIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7h-purine-2-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=NC=C2NC=NC2=N1 ZZBAGJPKGRJIJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1-pentene Chemical compound CC(C)CC=C WSSSPWUEQFSQQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910017089 AlO(OH) Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 3
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003701 inert diluent Substances 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl heptene Natural products CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007655 standard test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Hexadiene Natural products CC=CCC=C PRBHEGAFLDMLAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMNDYUVBFMFKNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-furoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CO1 SMNDYUVBFMFKNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000640882 Condea Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100130497 Drosophila melanogaster Mical gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000286904 Leptothecata Species 0.000 description 1
- 101100345589 Mus musculus Mical1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910017974 NH40H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsane Chemical compound [AsH3] RBFQJDQYXXHULB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N cycloocta-1,5-diene;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].C1CC=CCCC=C1.C1CC=CCCC=C1 JRTIUDXYIUKIIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene Chemical compound C=CCCC=C PYGSKMBEVAICCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-diene Chemical compound C=CCC=C QYZLKGVUSQXAMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000020030 perry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F10/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Polymerization Catalysts (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/813,169 | 1991-12-24 | ||
| US07/813,169 US5338812A (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1991-12-24 | Olefin polymerization |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2085952A1 CA2085952A1 (en) | 1993-06-25 |
| CA2085952C true CA2085952C (en) | 1998-05-19 |
Family
ID=25211647
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002085952A Expired - Fee Related CA2085952C (en) | 1991-12-24 | 1992-12-21 | Olefin polymerization |
Country Status (19)
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5332708A (en) * | 1992-11-23 | 1994-07-26 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalyst compositions and catalytic processes |
| CN1249733A (zh) | 1997-01-08 | 2000-04-05 | 赫尔克里士公司 | 用于制备烃树脂的金属氧化物固体酸催化剂 |
| SK287685B6 (sk) * | 1999-12-21 | 2011-06-06 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Trihydrát oxidu hlinitého s veľkým objemom pórov, kompozitné materiály z oxidu hlinitého s veľkou plochou povrchu, spôsoby ich prípravy a použitie |
| US6403526B1 (en) | 1999-12-21 | 2002-06-11 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Alumina trihydrate derived high pore volume, high surface area aluminum oxide composites and methods of their preparation and use |
| DE10257240B4 (de) * | 2002-12-04 | 2005-03-10 | Coty Bv | Kosmetische Zusammensetzung mit elektrischen Ladungsträgern und deren Verwendung |
| JP4382030B2 (ja) | 2005-11-15 | 2009-12-09 | 富士通マイクロエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 半導体装置及びその製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1176864B (de) * | 1962-11-09 | 1964-08-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zum Polymerisieren von Verbindungen mit polymerisierbaren Doppelbindungen |
| DE1251954B (de) * | 1963-06-11 | 1967-10-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Homo- oder Copolymerisaten aethylenisch ungesaettigter Kohlenwasserstoffe |
| DE1495160A1 (de) * | 1964-02-28 | 1969-03-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Polymerisation olefinisch ungesaettigter Verbindungen und Verwendung von pi-Olefinkomplexen als Polymerisationsinitiatoren |
| US3637636A (en) * | 1970-01-15 | 1972-01-25 | Shell Oil Co | Ethylene polymerization in the presence of complex nickel catalyst containing benzoic acid derivative ligands |
| US3759889A (en) * | 1970-01-15 | 1973-09-18 | Shell Oil Co | Ethylene polymerization in the presence of complex nickel catalysts containing a glycolic acid thioglycolic or thiolactic acid ligand |
| DE3336500A1 (de) * | 1983-10-07 | 1985-04-25 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Organische nickel-verbindungen deren herstellung und verwendung als katalysatoren bei der polymerisation von olefinen |
| US4806513A (en) * | 1984-05-29 | 1989-02-21 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Silicon and fluorine-treated alumina containing a chromium catalyst and method of producing same |
| JPS61226527A (ja) * | 1985-03-30 | 1986-10-08 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 燃料噴射制御装置 |
| US4721696A (en) * | 1987-03-11 | 1988-01-26 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Silica-modified alumina and process for its preparation |
| JP2775804B2 (ja) * | 1989-02-03 | 1998-07-16 | 東ソー株式会社 | ポリエチレンの製法 |
| US5198512A (en) * | 1991-12-16 | 1993-03-30 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Polymerization catalyst and process |
-
1991
- 1991-12-24 US US07/813,169 patent/US5338812A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-09-24 TW TW081107563A patent/TW243456B/zh active
- 1992-09-24 ZA ZA927332A patent/ZA927332B/xx unknown
- 1992-10-13 MX MX9205871A patent/MX9205871A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-27 CN CN92112620A patent/CN1030456C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-27 KR KR1019920019845A patent/KR0172455B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-10-28 BR BR929204184A patent/BR9204184A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-13 JP JP4303770A patent/JP2713842B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-11-24 CN CN92113300A patent/CN1047599C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-21 CA CA002085952A patent/CA2085952C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-23 AT AT92121955T patent/ATE141293T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-23 DK DK92121955.6T patent/DK0548976T3/da active
- 1992-12-23 NO NO925002A patent/NO301017B1/no unknown
- 1992-12-23 HU HU9204128A patent/HU212038B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-23 EP EP92121955A patent/EP0548976B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-23 FI FI925856A patent/FI108447B/fi active
- 1992-12-23 DE DE69212789T patent/DE69212789T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-12-23 ES ES92121955T patent/ES2093172T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-23 SG SG1996001686A patent/SG44535A1/en unknown
-
1994
- 1994-04-28 US US08/234,770 patent/US5426080A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-09-19 GR GR960402447T patent/GR3021088T3/el unknown
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| EEER | Examination request | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed | ||
| MKLA | Lapsed |
Effective date: 20041221 |