BR0015678A - Processo contìnuo para formar polióis de poliéter - Google Patents
Processo contìnuo para formar polióis de poliéterInfo
- Publication number
- BR0015678A BR0015678A BR0015678-7A BR0015678A BR0015678A BR 0015678 A BR0015678 A BR 0015678A BR 0015678 A BR0015678 A BR 0015678A BR 0015678 A BR0015678 A BR 0015678A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- spiral
- tube
- reaction tube
- alkaline oxide
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/20—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the epoxy compounds used
- C08G59/32—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups
- C08G59/3209—Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated mono-epoxy compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/242—Tubular reactors in series
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/243—Tubular reactors spirally, concentrically or zigzag wound
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2696—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds characterised by the process or apparatus used
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00018—Construction aspects
- B01J2219/0002—Plants assembled from modules joined together
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
- B01J2219/00033—Continuous processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00094—Jackets
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
"PROCESSO CONTìNUO PARA FORMAR POLIóIS DE POLIéTER". Um processo de alcoxilação contínua para a produção de polióis de poliéter é divulgado. O processo compreende o uso de uma pluralidade de módulos de reação cada um tendo um tubo externo e um tubo interno com câmara anular entre eles. Um tubo de reação em espiral é espaçado do tubo interno e enrola-se em torno do tubo interno dentro da câmara anular. O tubo de reação em espiral inclui uma entrada e uma saída, cada uma das quais estende-se através do dito tubo externo. Um meio de troca de calor flui através da câmara anular e controla a temperatura de reação no tubo de reação em espiral. O processo compreende formar continuamente uma mistura de reação inicial de pelo menos um óxido alcalino e um iniciador tendo pelo menos um hidrogênio reativo que seja reativo com o óxido alcalino. Fluindo-se continuamente a mistura de reação inicial através de um primeiro tubo de reação em espiral tendo um diâmetro interno e um diâmetro espiral que promove um fluxo pseudo-turbulento da mistura de reação inicial através do primeiro tubo de reação em espiral para formar um produto de reação. Fluindo-se então o produto de reação em um segundo tubo de reação em espiral e adicionando-se um catalisador e um óxido alcalino ao produto de reação, o segundo tubo de reação em espiral tendo um diâmetro interno e um diâmetro espiral que promove um fluxo pseudo-turbulento do produto de reação, o catalisador e o óxido alcalino no segundo tubo de reação em espiral.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US09/442,882 US6410801B1 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 1999-11-18 | Continuous process for the production of polyether polyols |
PCT/EP2000/007499 WO2001036514A1 (en) | 1999-11-18 | 2000-08-03 | Continuous process for the production of polyether polyols |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BR0015678A true BR0015678A (pt) | 2002-08-06 |
Family
ID=23758525
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BR0015678-7A BR0015678A (pt) | 1999-11-18 | 2000-08-03 | Processo contìnuo para formar polióis de poliéter |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US6410801B1 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP1237984A1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP2003514937A (pt) |
KR (1) | KR20020054347A (pt) |
CN (1) | CN1390240A (pt) |
AU (1) | AU6834400A (pt) |
BR (1) | BR0015678A (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2391862A1 (pt) |
CZ (1) | CZ20021731A3 (pt) |
MX (1) | MXPA02004859A (pt) |
PL (1) | PL355565A1 (pt) |
RU (1) | RU2002116228A (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2001036514A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (43)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060183882A1 (en) * | 2001-12-21 | 2006-08-17 | Dexheimer Edward M | Continuous process for preparation of polyether polyols |
DE102004003003A1 (de) * | 2004-01-20 | 2005-09-01 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung einer chemischen Verbindung |
US7416785B2 (en) * | 2004-05-26 | 2008-08-26 | Basf Corporation | Polyurethane-encapsulated particle comprising polyol derived from aromatic amine-based initiator |
US20060229375A1 (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2006-10-12 | Yu-Ling Hsiao | Polyurethane foams made with alkoxylated vegetable oil hydroxylate |
US8883914B2 (en) * | 2006-02-13 | 2014-11-11 | Basf Corporation | Article formed from a resin composition having a polyurethane encapsulated particle |
JP4629604B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2011-02-09 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 脂肪族アミンアルキレンオキサイド付加物の製造方法 |
JP2007262250A (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Sanyo Chem Ind Ltd | 脂肪族アミンアルキレンオキサイド付加物の製造方法 |
CN101479316B (zh) * | 2006-06-23 | 2011-11-30 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 聚醚醇的连续制备方法 |
GB0617877D0 (en) * | 2006-09-12 | 2006-12-13 | Vapourtec Ltd | Chamber Heater Module |
JP4778925B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-29 | 2011-09-21 | 三洋化成工業株式会社 | 液体洗浄剤組成物 |
KR100877522B1 (ko) | 2007-05-15 | 2009-01-09 | 삼성전기주식회사 | 금속 나노입자의 제조장치 및 제조방법 |
CN101121783B (zh) * | 2007-07-30 | 2010-05-19 | 吴金海 | 喷雾法制备松香胺聚氧乙烯醚的方法 |
GB2451900A (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2009-02-18 | Uniqsis Ltd | Flow apparatus |
WO2009077517A1 (de) * | 2007-12-19 | 2009-06-25 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyetheralkoholen |
EP2513192B1 (en) | 2009-12-14 | 2014-01-22 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | Method for continuously producing low equivalent weight polyols using double metal cyanide catalysts |
KR101149950B1 (ko) * | 2009-12-22 | 2012-05-31 | 삼두종합기술주식회사 | 폴리에테르의 제조방법 |
EP2404666A1 (fr) * | 2010-07-09 | 2012-01-11 | Rhodia Opérations | Module de transformation continue d'au moins un produit fluide, unité et procédé associés. |
WO2011117540A1 (fr) * | 2010-03-23 | 2011-09-29 | Rhodia Operations | Module de transformation continue d'au moins un produit fluide, unité et procédé associés |
ES2534365T3 (es) | 2010-10-13 | 2015-04-22 | Buss Chemtech Ag | Proceso y aparato para la alcoxilación (etoxilación, propoxilación) continua a temperatura elevada y de corta duración de compuestos orgánicos con átomos de hidrógeno activo |
CN103384692A (zh) * | 2011-02-24 | 2013-11-06 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 制备聚醚多元醇的方法和反应器系统 |
US8957257B2 (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2015-02-17 | Basf Se | Process for a continuous production of polyetherols |
EP2734570B1 (en) | 2011-07-19 | 2015-09-09 | Basf Se | Process for a continuous production of polyetherols |
EP2766111B1 (en) | 2011-10-14 | 2018-08-01 | Council of Scientific & Industrial Research | Continuous modular reactor |
KR102064580B1 (ko) | 2011-12-13 | 2020-01-10 | 바스프 에스이 | 폴리에테르 폴리올을 포함하는 반응 혼합물을 워크업하는 방법 |
US9132387B2 (en) | 2011-12-13 | 2015-09-15 | Basf Se | Process for working-up a reaction mixture comprising polyether polyol |
US20140041322A1 (en) | 2012-08-13 | 2014-02-13 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for delivery of oilfield materials |
US9370758B2 (en) | 2013-03-26 | 2016-06-21 | Uop Llc | Process for transferring catalyst and an apparatus relating thereto |
US10633174B2 (en) | 2013-08-08 | 2020-04-28 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Mobile oilfield materialtransfer unit |
US10150612B2 (en) | 2013-08-09 | 2018-12-11 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | System and method for delivery of oilfield materials |
US12102970B2 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2024-10-01 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Integrated process delivery at wellsite |
US11819810B2 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2023-11-21 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Mixing apparatus with flush line and method |
US10137420B2 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2018-11-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Mixing apparatus with stator and method |
US11453146B2 (en) | 2014-02-27 | 2022-09-27 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Hydration systems and methods |
KR102188904B1 (ko) * | 2014-03-10 | 2020-12-09 | 다케모토 유시 가부시키 가이샤 | 알킬렌옥사이드 부가체의 제조방법 및 알킬렌옥사이드 부가체 |
US10752731B2 (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2020-08-25 | Basf Se | Process for the continuous production of polyether polyols |
US20160130924A1 (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2016-05-12 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Hydration apparatus and method |
US10920013B2 (en) | 2016-09-20 | 2021-02-16 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Alkoxylation process using tubular reactor |
EP3339350A1 (en) | 2016-12-23 | 2018-06-27 | Universite De Liege | Continuous flow process for the polymerization of an alkylene oxide |
CN107986420B (zh) * | 2017-12-29 | 2023-05-26 | 马鞍山市华清环保工程有限公司 | 一种壳管式氢氟酸废液处理装置及其方法 |
CN108624418B (zh) * | 2018-04-23 | 2020-10-16 | 苏州律点信息科技有限公司 | 去除织物顽固污渍的回洗方法 |
CN112090388B (zh) * | 2020-09-07 | 2022-04-12 | 浙江大学 | 一种连续流反应器及其在化学反应和合成中的应用 |
BE1030332B1 (nl) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-10-09 | D Crbn Bv | Reactor en gebruik van een reactor voor het omzetten van chemische verbindingen in materialen, gassen of energie |
CN117019076A (zh) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-10 | 山东化友水处理技术有限公司 | 一种羟基亚乙基二膦酸连续化生产用螺旋管式反应设备 |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA652512A (en) | 1962-11-20 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for the manufacture of polyoxyalkylene compounds | |
CA544626A (en) | 1957-08-06 | J. Lowe Arnold | Manufacture of polyalkylene glycols and their derivatives | |
GB736991A (en) | 1951-04-09 | 1955-09-21 | Oxirane Ltd | The manufacture of polyoxyalkylene glycols and their mono-ethers |
GB757309A (en) | 1952-04-25 | 1956-09-19 | Oxirane Ltd | The manufacture of polyoxyalkylene glycols and their mono-ethers |
US2988572A (en) | 1958-03-07 | 1961-06-13 | Union Carbide Corp | Process for the manufacture of polyoxyalkylene compounds |
DE1255653B (de) | 1965-03-11 | 1967-12-07 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Anlagerungsprodukten des AEthylenoxids |
US3346557A (en) | 1965-06-04 | 1967-10-10 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Process for oxyalkylating solid polyols |
DE1568777B2 (de) | 1966-08-09 | 1973-05-17 | Verfahren zur herstellung von gemischen von aethylenglykolmono- und -diestern | |
DE1568784A1 (de) | 1966-09-01 | 1970-04-09 | Henkel & Cie Gmbh | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Anlagerungsprodukten des Propylenoxids |
US3894093A (en) | 1969-07-16 | 1975-07-08 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the manufacture of addition products of ethylene oxide and compounds containing mobile hydrogen |
DE2358874A1 (de) * | 1973-11-27 | 1975-06-05 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen herstellung von anlagerungsprodukten des aethylen- und/oder propylenoxids |
DE2811902A1 (de) | 1978-03-18 | 1979-09-27 | Bayer Ag | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum entfernen von loesungsmitteln und reagieren von stoffkomponenten bei mehrstoffgemischen |
US4396780A (en) | 1979-01-24 | 1983-08-02 | Vsesojuzny Nauchno-Issledovatelsky Institute Sinteticheskikh Smol | Continuous method of producing polyethers |
DE2903582B1 (de) | 1979-01-31 | 1980-11-20 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Rohrbündelreaktor zur Durchführung katalytischer Reaktionen in der Gasphase |
GB2043663B (en) | 1979-03-12 | 1983-05-25 | Vnii Sintetischeskich Smol | Continuous production of polyethers |
DE3012001A1 (de) | 1980-03-28 | 1981-10-08 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyetherpolyolen und deren verwendung in einem verfahren zur herstellung von starren polyurethanschaumstoffen |
JP3283297B2 (ja) | 1992-06-30 | 2002-05-20 | 旭硝子株式会社 | ポリエーテル類の連続製造方法 |
US5811595A (en) | 1994-07-08 | 1998-09-22 | Ellis; Vincent Simon | Process for preparing alkylene oxide reaction products |
US6066263A (en) | 1995-04-20 | 2000-05-23 | Tohoku Electric Power Company, Inc. | Apparatus for converting waste plastic into oil |
JP3273118B2 (ja) | 1995-04-20 | 2002-04-08 | 東北電力株式会社 | 高圧処理装置 |
US5689012A (en) | 1996-07-18 | 1997-11-18 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Continuous preparation of low unsaturation polyoxyalkylene polyether polyols with continuous additon of starter |
-
1999
- 1999-11-18 US US09/442,882 patent/US6410801B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-08-03 EP EP00956380A patent/EP1237984A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-08-03 MX MXPA02004859A patent/MXPA02004859A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-03 BR BR0015678-7A patent/BR0015678A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-03 CA CA002391862A patent/CA2391862A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-03 PL PL00355565A patent/PL355565A1/xx unknown
- 2000-08-03 RU RU2002116228/04A patent/RU2002116228A/ru unknown
- 2000-08-03 KR KR1020027006356A patent/KR20020054347A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-03 AU AU68344/00A patent/AU6834400A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-03 WO PCT/EP2000/007499 patent/WO2001036514A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2000-08-03 CZ CZ20021731A patent/CZ20021731A3/cs unknown
- 2000-08-03 JP JP2001539001A patent/JP2003514937A/ja active Pending
- 2000-08-03 CN CN00815756A patent/CN1390240A/zh active Pending
-
2002
- 2002-06-14 US US10/140,906 patent/US20020147370A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1390240A (zh) | 2003-01-08 |
US6410801B1 (en) | 2002-06-25 |
RU2002116228A (ru) | 2004-01-20 |
JP2003514937A (ja) | 2003-04-22 |
EP1237984A1 (en) | 2002-09-11 |
PL355565A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
MXPA02004859A (es) | 2002-09-18 |
CZ20021731A3 (cs) | 2002-10-16 |
AU6834400A (en) | 2001-05-30 |
KR20020054347A (ko) | 2002-07-06 |
WO2001036514A1 (en) | 2001-05-25 |
CA2391862A1 (en) | 2001-05-25 |
US20020147370A1 (en) | 2002-10-10 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
BR0015678A (pt) | Processo contìnuo para formar polióis de poliéter | |
EP0033030A3 (en) | Pulsating heating and cooling | |
UA27087C2 (uk) | Обміhhик тиску | |
EP0094987A3 (en) | Steam generator flow control device | |
ES292843U (es) | Un intercambiador de calor para intercambio de calor entre dos medios, especialmente gas y liquido, en bombas de calor y similares | |
CA2194298A1 (en) | Apparatus for cooling hot gas | |
US4803957A (en) | Gas/liquid heat exchanger | |
JPS5563395A (en) | Heat exchanger | |
GB1474881A (en) | Heat exchanger | |
JPS5798790A (en) | Heat exchanger | |
SU994895A1 (ru) | Теплообменник | |
CN220270139U (zh) | 一种片式汽水混合器 | |
JPS57161484A (en) | Heat exchanger | |
CN212058415U (zh) | 一种汽水混合器 | |
GB1480170A (en) | Heat exchangers | |
SU735876A1 (ru) | Газоохладительный аппарат | |
JPS55105196A (en) | Piping header for heat exchanger with steam separator | |
JPS5563390A (en) | Shell and tube type heat exchanger | |
JPS55121386A (en) | Direct heater by low pressure steam | |
JPS52129055A (en) | Multitubular coil type heat exchager | |
JPS62166289A (ja) | 熱交換器 | |
RU2342607C1 (ru) | Гидротеплогенератор вихревого типа | |
SU1651050A1 (ru) | Теплообменник | |
SU750444A1 (ru) | Регул тор давлени газа | |
JPS553583A (en) | Heat exchanger |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
B11A | Dismissal acc. art.33 of ipl - examination not requested within 36 months of filing | ||
B11Y | Definitive dismissal - extension of time limit for request of examination expired [chapter 11.1.1 patent gazette] |