ATE223464T1 - Fäulnisverhindernder anstrich, beschichtungsfilm, beschichtungsverfahren und bescichtete schiffsrümpfe oder unterwasserstrukturen - Google Patents

Fäulnisverhindernder anstrich, beschichtungsfilm, beschichtungsverfahren und bescichtete schiffsrümpfe oder unterwasserstrukturen

Info

Publication number
ATE223464T1
ATE223464T1 AT96920021T AT96920021T ATE223464T1 AT E223464 T1 ATE223464 T1 AT E223464T1 AT 96920021 T AT96920021 T AT 96920021T AT 96920021 T AT96920021 T AT 96920021T AT E223464 T1 ATE223464 T1 AT E223464T1
Authority
AT
Austria
Prior art keywords
composition
antifouling
coating film
weight
antifouling coating
Prior art date
Application number
AT96920021T
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Naoya Nakamura
Yasuto Hikiji
Yasuyuki Kiseki
Makoto Tsuboi
Original Assignee
Chugoku Marine Paints
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chugoku Marine Paints filed Critical Chugoku Marine Paints
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of ATE223464T1 publication Critical patent/ATE223464T1/de

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/14—Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides or pesticides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/02—Halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C08K5/03—Halogenated hydrocarbons aromatic, e.g. C6H5-CH2-Cl
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D143/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D143/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
    • C09D5/1656—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints characterised by the film-forming substance
    • C09D5/1662—Synthetic film-forming substance
    • C09D5/1668—Vinyl-type polymers

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
AT96920021T 1995-06-01 1996-05-31 Fäulnisverhindernder anstrich, beschichtungsfilm, beschichtungsverfahren und bescichtete schiffsrümpfe oder unterwasserstrukturen ATE223464T1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13550695 1995-06-01
JP13550495 1995-06-01
JP13550395 1995-06-01
JP13550595 1995-06-01
JP29722595 1995-11-15
PCT/JP1996/001479 WO1996038508A1 (en) 1995-06-01 1996-05-31 Antifouling paint composition, coating film made from the composition, antifouling method using the composition, and hulls or submarine structures covered with the coating film

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
ATE223464T1 true ATE223464T1 (de) 2002-09-15

Family

ID=27527411

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AT96920021T ATE223464T1 (de) 1995-06-01 1996-05-31 Fäulnisverhindernder anstrich, beschichtungsfilm, beschichtungsverfahren und bescichtete schiffsrümpfe oder unterwasserstrukturen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US6110990A (de)
EP (1) EP0775733B1 (de)
KR (1) KR100235093B1 (de)
CN (2) CN1194047C (de)
AT (1) ATE223464T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69623413T2 (de)
MY (1) MY115462A (de)
NO (1) NO329767B1 (de)
SG (1) SG77187A1 (de)
WO (1) WO1996038508A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (54)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6216423B1 (en) 1997-11-07 2001-04-17 Huntsman Kcl Corporation Method and apparatus for placing a product in a flexible recloseable container
WO1999052574A1 (en) 1998-04-10 1999-10-21 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Biopolymers resistant coatings
PL200670B1 (pl) * 1998-12-28 2009-01-30 Chugoku Marine Paints Kopolimer sililo(met)akrylanowy, sposób jego wytwarzania, przeciwporostowa kompozycja do malowania zawierająca kopolimer sililo(met)akrylanowy oraz jej zastosowanie
US6992120B2 (en) * 2001-11-13 2006-01-31 Arkema Inc. Coating compositions
KR20020000783A (ko) * 2000-01-26 2002-01-05 세야 히로미치 항오염성 페인트 조성물 및 이로 도포된 물품
DK1277816T3 (da) * 2000-04-24 2007-02-19 Basf Coatings Japan Ltd Begroningsbekæmpende overtræksmateriale, begroningsbekæmpende overtræksfilm, submerse strukturer og fremgangsmåde til forhindring af begroning
EP1260513A1 (de) * 2001-05-22 2002-11-27 Sigma Coatings B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Trialkylsilylcarboxylatmonomeren, die enthaltenen Trialkylsilylcarboxylatmonomere und deren Verwendung in Antifäulnisfarben
EP1288234A1 (de) * 2001-08-27 2003-03-05 Sigma Coatings B.V. Bindemittel mit geringem Gehalt an hydrolysierbaren Monomeren, verwendbar für selbstpolierende anwuchsverhindernde Anstrichfarben
EP1295888A1 (de) * 2001-09-21 2003-03-26 Sigma Coatings B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von trialkylsilylierten Karboxylatmonomeren, diese trialkylsilylierten Karboxylatmonomere, und deren Verwendung als anwuchsverhindernder Überzug
US7122692B2 (en) 2001-09-21 2006-10-17 Sigma Coatings B.V. Process for the preparation of organosilylated carboxylate monomers, and their use in antifouling coatings
EP1308484A1 (de) * 2001-10-30 2003-05-07 Sigma Coatings B.V. Verwendung von Kolophonium-silylester in selbstpolierenden, fäulnisverhindernden Anstrichen
JP4361239B2 (ja) * 2002-03-06 2009-11-11 中国塗料株式会社 防汚塗料組成物、該組成物からなる塗膜、該塗膜で被覆された基材、および防汚方法
NO320324B1 (no) * 2002-03-26 2005-11-21 Jotun As Polymerer og monomerer og anvendelse derav samt fremgangsmate for fremstilling av polymerer og begroingshindrende maling inneholdende polymerer
US7297727B2 (en) 2002-05-28 2007-11-20 Arkema Inc. Triarylsilyl(meth)acryloyl-containing polymers for marine coating compositions
ATE453676T1 (de) * 2002-07-10 2010-01-15 Sigmakalon Services B V Polyorganosilylierte carboxylatmonomere oder polymere daraus und verfahren zu deren herstellung
EP1380611A1 (de) * 2002-07-10 2004-01-14 SigmaKalon Group B.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von polyorganosilylierten Carboxylatmonomeren oder Polymeren daraus
US20070001343A1 (en) * 2002-08-12 2007-01-04 Valspar Sourcing, Inc. Blush-resistant marine gel coat composition
EP1457531B1 (de) * 2002-10-23 2010-10-13 Chugoku Marine Paints, Ltd. Antifoulingbeschichtungsstoff und damit beschichtete schiffe, unterwasserkonstruktionen, fischereigerät und fischernetze
EP1475415A1 (de) * 2003-05-07 2004-11-10 SigmaKalon Services B.V. Silylester, ihre Verwendung in Bindemittelsystemen und Lackzusammensetzungen, und Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
WO2005005516A1 (en) 2003-07-07 2005-01-20 Akzo Nobel Coatings International B.V. Silyl ester copolymer compositions
US20050256235A1 (en) * 2004-05-11 2005-11-17 Kenneth Tseng Stabilized environmentally sensitive binders
US20060189708A1 (en) * 2005-02-24 2006-08-24 Michael Abrams Benzylsilyl(meth)acryloyl-containing polymers for marine coating compositions
US7531581B2 (en) 2005-03-11 2009-05-12 I-Tech Ab Method and use of acidified modified polymers to bind biocides in paints
CN100345877C (zh) * 2005-07-28 2007-10-31 中国海洋大学 一种丙烯酸树脂及其制备方法和应用
US20090098384A1 (en) * 2006-02-17 2009-04-16 Chugoku Marine Paints, Ltd. Curable organopolysiloxane composition and antifouling composite coating film
US7893047B2 (en) 2006-03-03 2011-02-22 Arch Chemicals, Inc. Biocide composition comprising pyrithione and pyrrole derivatives
WO2008105122A1 (ja) * 2007-02-27 2008-09-04 Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd. 防汚塗料組成物、該組成物の製造方法、該組成物を用いて形成される防汚塗膜、該塗膜を表面に有する塗装物、及び該塗膜を形成する防汚処理方法
KR100880841B1 (ko) * 2007-04-02 2009-02-02 부산대학교 산학협력단 방오 도료 조성물
US8603452B1 (en) 2007-05-02 2013-12-10 University Of South Florida Method of preventing biofouling using an anti-fouling bio-hydrogel composition
EP2161316B1 (de) * 2007-06-22 2017-08-30 Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd. Bewuchshemmende beschichtungszusammensetzung, verfahren zur herstellung der zusammensetzung, aus der zusammensetzung hergestellter bewuchshemmender beschichtungsfilm,beschichteter gegenstand mit dem beschichtungsfilm auf der oberfläche, und verfahren zur bewuchshemmenden behandlung durch bilden des beschichtungsfilms.
DE102007061965A1 (de) 2007-12-21 2009-06-25 Guggenbichler, Joseph Peter Reduzierung der mikrobiellen Kontamination in Kühltürmen
JP4798396B2 (ja) * 2008-07-07 2011-10-19 信越化学工業株式会社 水中生物付着防止塗料組成物及びそれを用いた水中構造物
US8092628B2 (en) * 2008-10-31 2012-01-10 Brewer Science Inc. Cyclic olefin compositions for temporary wafer bonding
EP2348077B1 (de) 2010-01-26 2013-04-03 Jotun A/S Fäulnisverhindernde Zusammensetzung
JP5705212B2 (ja) 2010-03-23 2015-04-22 中国塗料株式会社 防汚塗料組成物およびその用途
WO2011125179A1 (ja) * 2010-04-06 2011-10-13 三菱レイヨン株式会社 防汚塗料組成物、防汚塗膜の製造方法、および防汚塗膜
KR20140057609A (ko) * 2011-08-17 2014-05-13 아크 캐미컬스 인크 아연 피리티온 및 구리 화합물로부터의 구리 피리티온의 합성
WO2013092681A1 (en) 2011-12-22 2013-06-27 Akzo Nobel Coatings International B.V. A process of selecting and applying a protective coating
CN102718919B (zh) * 2012-06-29 2014-12-03 华南理工大学 一种水解速度可控防污硅酯材料及其制备方法与应用
KR101735383B1 (ko) 2012-11-16 2017-05-29 김효원 무기 도료 조성물 및 이를 이용한 무기 도막의 형성방법
CN102977332B (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-04-22 华南理工大学 一种自分泌仿生防污材料及其应用
CN102964557B (zh) * 2012-11-30 2015-04-22 华南理工大学 一种防污用水解降解树脂及其应用
WO2014175246A1 (ja) * 2013-04-23 2014-10-30 中国塗料株式会社 防汚塗料組成物、防汚塗膜、防汚基材および防汚基材の製造方法
US9637658B2 (en) 2013-06-24 2017-05-02 The Boeing Company Coatings, coating compositions, and methods of delaying ice formation
EP3584290B1 (de) * 2015-09-25 2021-07-21 Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation (meth)acrylcopolymer, polymerlösung, polymerhaltige zusammensetzung, fäulnisverhindernde beschichtungszusammensetzung und verfahren zur herstellung von (meth)acrylcopolymer
JP6907856B2 (ja) * 2016-10-04 2021-07-21 信越化学工業株式会社 （メタ）アクリル酸トリイソプロピルシリルと（メタ）アクリル酸誘導体の共重合体およびその製造方法
KR20190082884A (ko) 2016-11-11 2019-07-10 헴펠 에이/에스 신규 가수분해성 탄소계 폴리머를 포함하는 방오용 코팅 조성물
TWI758448B (zh) 2017-03-29 2022-03-21 日商三菱化學股份有限公司 樹脂組成物及防污塗料組成物
JP7089938B2 (ja) * 2017-06-23 2022-06-23 中国塗料株式会社 耐熱塗料組成物、耐熱塗膜、耐熱塗膜付き基材およびその製造方法
KR101940924B1 (ko) 2017-09-21 2019-01-22 성창환 친수 및 오염방지 기능을 갖는 나노세라믹 코팅유리 제조방법
GB201718891D0 (en) * 2017-11-15 2017-12-27 Jotun As Antifouling composition
CN107868182A (zh) * 2017-11-30 2018-04-03 天津大学 一种多元协同防污涂料树脂及其制备方法
KR102260131B1 (ko) 2019-08-26 2021-06-04 지솔코퍼레이션 주식회사 무기코팅용액 조성물 및 이의 제조방법
JP7371601B2 (ja) 2019-10-18 2023-10-31 信越化学工業株式会社 樹脂被覆金属粉末およびその製造方法ならびにこれを用いた水性塗料組成物

Family Cites Families (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US30909A (en) * 1860-12-18 lysander button and robert blake
US3896753A (en) * 1966-07-26 1975-07-29 Nat Patent Dev Corp Hydrophilic polymer coating for underwater structures
US3639653A (en) * 1969-03-19 1972-02-01 British Columbia Res Council Protective coating for metal and wood surfaces
GB1457590A (en) * 1974-04-03 1976-12-08 Int Paint Co Marine paint
JPS5263225A (en) * 1975-10-23 1977-05-25 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Water-soluble compositions for ship bottom paints
GB1542684A (en) * 1976-03-15 1979-03-21 British Petroleum Co Biocidal compositions
US4080190A (en) 1976-08-26 1978-03-21 Ameron, Inc. Siloxane-tin coatings and their use for protecting materials from growth of pestiferous organisms
US4189408A (en) * 1976-10-20 1980-02-19 Neville Chemical Company Chlorinated hydrocarbons and improved rubber sealant compositions incorporating same
US4143015A (en) * 1977-01-21 1979-03-06 Ernolff Soeterik Water base, non-polluting, slow leaching, anti-fouling paint
US4410363A (en) * 1981-07-21 1983-10-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Underwater applicable antifoulant paint composition
US4385134A (en) * 1981-10-19 1983-05-24 Ameron, Inc. Organotin polysiloxane and acrylic antifouling coating
US4594365A (en) * 1983-01-17 1986-06-10 M&T Chemicals Inc. Erodible ship-bottom paints for control of marine fouling
JPS60500452A (ja) * 1983-01-17 1985-04-04 エム・アンド・テイ・ケミカルス・インコ−ポレイテツド 船舶汚染を抑制するための、浸蝕性船底塗料
US4593055A (en) * 1983-01-17 1986-06-03 M&T Chemicals Inc. Erodible ship-bottom paints for control of marine fouling
JPS6065076A (ja) * 1983-09-20 1985-04-13 Kansai Paint Co Ltd 無毒性防汚塗料
DE3414805A1 (de) * 1984-04-19 1985-10-24 Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen Stabilisierte klebstoffe
GB8512212D0 (en) * 1985-05-14 1985-06-19 Int Paint Plc Binder for anti-fouling paints
DE3681829D1 (de) * 1985-05-17 1991-11-14 Nippon Paint Co Ltd Mischung auf basis hydrolisierbaren harzes und sie enthaltende antibewuchs-anstrichzusammensetzung.
US4670481A (en) * 1986-02-14 1987-06-02 Ameron, Inc. Organotin acrylate and organotin polysiloxane antifouling coating composition
GB2192400B (en) * 1986-07-07 1990-04-18 Kansai Paint Co Ltd Antifouling paint composition
DK171898B1 (da) * 1986-12-30 1997-08-04 Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd Begroningshæmmende maling indeholdende et begroningshæmmende middel, en siliciumholdig organisk polymer og eventuelt et slipmiddel
NO174472C (no) * 1987-06-28 1994-05-11 Nippon Oils & Fats Co Ltd Begroingshindrende maling på basis av en organosilyl- og/eller organosiloksan-gruppeholdig polymer og/eller kopolymer
US5236493A (en) * 1988-10-13 1993-08-17 Courtaulds Coatings (Holdings) Limited Antifouling coating
GB8824003D0 (en) * 1988-10-13 1988-11-23 Int Paint Plc Coating compositions
JP2664974B2 (ja) * 1989-01-27 1997-10-22 東芝シリコーン株式会社 徐溶性コーティング材用ビヒクル
JPH06104793B2 (ja) * 1989-06-16 1994-12-21 ナテックス株式会社 防汚塗料
GB9006318D0 (en) * 1990-03-21 1990-05-16 Courtaulds Coatings Ltd Coating compositions
EP0499817B1 (de) * 1991-01-30 1995-05-17 Dai Nippon Toryo Co., Ltd. Bewuchshemmender Unterwasseranstrich
JPH04261473A (ja) * 1991-02-14 1992-09-17 Kansai Paint Co Ltd 防汚塗料組成物
US5663215A (en) * 1991-12-20 1997-09-02 Courtaulds Coatings (Holdings) Limited Coating compositions
JP2696188B2 (ja) * 1992-07-08 1998-01-14 大日本製薬株式会社 防汚塗料組成物
JPH06145602A (ja) * 1992-09-02 1994-05-27 Nippon Paint Co Ltd 熱硬化性塗料組成物
JP2790021B2 (ja) * 1993-09-30 1998-08-27 日本油脂株式会社 塗料組成物
SG60054A1 (en) 1996-04-17 1999-02-22 Nof Corp Coating composition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0775733B1 (de) 2002-09-04
EP0775733A1 (de) 1997-05-28
EP0775733A4 (de) 1999-03-31
DE69623413D1 (de) 2002-10-10
MY115462A (en) 2003-06-30
KR970704840A (ko) 1997-09-06
NO970404D0 (no) 1997-01-30
US6110990A (en) 2000-08-29
CN1194047C (zh) 2005-03-23
DE69623413T2 (de) 2003-08-07
KR100235093B1 (ko) 1999-12-15
CN1155896A (zh) 1997-07-30
US6172132B1 (en) 2001-01-09
SG77187A1 (en) 2000-12-19
NO329767B1 (no) 2010-12-13
CN1544541A (zh) 2004-11-10
WO1996038508A1 (en) 1996-12-05
CN1268699C (zh) 2006-08-09
HK1002115A1 (en) 1998-07-31
NO970404L (no) 1997-04-01

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
ATE223464T1 (de) Fäulnisverhindernder anstrich, beschichtungsfilm, beschichtungsverfahren und bescichtete schiffsrümpfe oder unterwasserstrukturen
CA1310780C (en) Antifouling paint
CN1086406C (zh) 涂料组合物
JP3874486B2 (ja) 塗料組成物
US3896753A (en) Hydrophilic polymer coating for underwater structures
CN107960090B (zh) 防污涂料组合物、防污涂膜、防污基材、防污基材的制造方法以及防污涂料组合物的储藏方法
HK86093A (en) Antifouling paint
JPS6157350B2 (de)
KR102786199B1 (ko) 방오 도료 조성물
KR20210024066A (ko) 방오도료 조성물, 방오도막, 방오도막 부착 기재 및 그의 제조방법, 및 보수방법
KR102340452B1 (ko) 적층 방오 도막, 적층 방오 도막 부착 기재 및 그의 제조 방법, 적층 방오 도막 형성용 도료 키트, 상층 방오 도료 조성물, 및 방오 방법
JPH04261473A (ja) 防汚塗料組成物
JPS62240604A (ja) オ−ガノチンアクリレ−ト及びオ−ガノチンポリシロキサン含有抗生物付着性塗装用組成物
JP3396349B2 (ja) 生物付着防止用塗料組成物
JPH02675A (ja) 水中防汚被覆剤
US20250188288A1 (en) Anti-fouling polymeric agents
US4599368A (en) Marine anti-fouling coating formulations containing a soluble phase including a organotin polymer in combination with an insoluble phase including a crosslinked organotin polymer
JPH09194790A (ja) 防汚塗料組成物、この防汚塗料組成物から形成されている塗膜および該防汚塗料組成物を用いた防汚方法並びに該塗膜で被覆された船体または水中構造物
JPH0299567A (ja) 防汚性塗膜の形成方法
JPS5935938B2 (ja) 透水性樹脂組成物による防汚効果延長方法
USRE33048E (en) Marine anti-fouling coating formulations containing a soluble phase including a organotin polymer in combination with an insoluble phase including a crosslinked organotin polymer
CA1044089A (en) Hydrophilic polymer coating for underwater structures
JPS58174453A (ja) 船体摩擦抵抗低減形船底防汚塗料
JP2024146894A (ja) 防汚塗料組成物
JPH09296153A (ja) 水中防汚剤

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
RER Ceased as to paragraph 5 lit. 3 law introducing patent treaties