WO2023084604A1 - 電力変換装置、モータ駆動装置および冷凍サイクル適用機器 - Google Patents

電力変換装置、モータ駆動装置および冷凍サイクル適用機器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023084604A1
WO2023084604A1 PCT/JP2021/041193 JP2021041193W WO2023084604A1 WO 2023084604 A1 WO2023084604 A1 WO 2023084604A1 JP 2021041193 W JP2021041193 W JP 2021041193W WO 2023084604 A1 WO2023084604 A1 WO 2023084604A1
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Prior art keywords
converter
power
current
frequency
control
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PCT/JP2021/041193
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
知宏 沓木
公洋 松崎
浩一 有澤
貴昭 ▲高▼原
遥 松尾
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to US18/687,036 priority Critical patent/US20240396465A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2021/041193 priority patent/WO2023084604A1/ja
Priority to CN202180103734.0A priority patent/CN118176655A/zh
Priority to JP2023559234A priority patent/JPWO2023084604A1/ja
Publication of WO2023084604A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023084604A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using DC to AC converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • H02M1/4225—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input using a non-isolated boost converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC
    • H02M5/453—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M5/458—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4585—Conversion of AC power input into AC power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into DC by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate DC into AC using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of DC power input into AC power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/02—Compressor control
    • F25B2600/021—Inverters therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F25B49/025—Motor control arrangements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a power conversion device, a motor drive device, and a refrigeration cycle application device that convert AC power into desired power.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a power converter that suppresses vibration of the compressor by performing torque control that varies the output torque according to the variation in the load torque that occurs during one rotation of the compressor motor.
  • a device transducer
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to obtain a power conversion device capable of suppressing an increase in size of the device.
  • a power conversion device includes a converter that rectifies first AC power supplied from an AC power supply and boosts the voltage of the rectified power. , a smoothing section connected to the output terminal of the converter, a first frequency that is the pulsation frequency of the input power to the load section that is connected to both ends of the smoothing section, and a frequency of the AC power supply of the input power to the converter. a control unit that controls the converter so that the input current to the converter changes according to at least one of a second frequency, which is the frequency of pulsation caused by , and suppresses the current flowing through the smoothing unit.
  • the power conversion device according to the present disclosure has the effect of suppressing the size of the device.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power conversion system realized by applying the power converter according to Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a power converter according to a first embodiment;
  • FIG. Diagram showing a configuration example of an inverter and a compressor A diagram showing an example of operation waveforms of a power converter when constant torque control is performed as a first comparative example of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of control blocks forming a control unit of the power converter according to the first embodiment; A diagram for explaining a current command when control using the control block shown in FIG. 6 is applied.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms of each part when the power conversion device drives the motor of the compressor using vibration suppression control and capacitor current suppression control
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of a control block forming a control unit of the power converter according to the second embodiment
  • a diagram showing the frequency analysis result of the converter input power shown in FIG. As a comparative example, a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms of each part when the power converter according to the second embodiment drives the motor of the compressor using general high power factor control.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms of each part when the power converter according to the second embodiment drives the motor of the compressor using capacitor current suppression control;
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms when high power factor control and vibration suppression control are performed together as a first comparative example of the third embodiment;
  • a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms when the control according to the third embodiment is performed FIG.
  • FIG 11 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment;
  • the figure which shows the 1st structural example of the power converter device concerning Embodiment 5 The figure which shows the 2nd structural example of the power converter device concerning Embodiment 5
  • the figure which shows the 3rd structural example of the power converter device concerning Embodiment 5 The figure which shows an example of the hardware configuration which implement
  • a power conversion device, a motor drive device, and a refrigeration cycle application device according to embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in detail based on the drawings.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a power conversion system realized by applying a power conversion device according to a first embodiment.
  • the power conversion system according to the first embodiment includes a power supply unit 100 configured with a commercial power source, a rectifier circuit, etc., a smoothing unit 200 configured with a smoothing element such as an electrolytic capacitor, a motor, and a load unit 300 configured by an inverter or the like for driving the motor.
  • AC power supplied from an AC power supply such as a commercial power supply is rectified by a rectifier circuit.
  • the rectified power is output to smoothing section 200 .
  • the smoothing unit 200 smoothes DC power, which is rectified power output from the power supply unit 100 .
  • the smoothed DC power is output to the load section 300 and consumed by the motor that constitutes the load section 300 .
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the power converter 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the power converter 1 is connected to an AC power supply 110 such as a commercial power supply and a compressor 315 .
  • the power conversion device 1 converts first AC power supplied from the AC power supply 110 into second AC power having desired amplitude and phase, and supplies the second AC power to the compressor 315 .
  • Compressor 315 is, for example, a hermetic compressor applied to an air conditioner, and is equipped with a motor. That is, the power conversion device 1 constitutes a motor driving device that supplies the second AC power to the motor provided in the compressor 315 to drive the motor.
  • the power conversion device 1 includes a voltage/current detection unit 501, a converter 120, a voltage detection unit 502, a smoothing unit 200, an inverter 310, and a control unit 400.
  • Converter 120 and AC power supply 110 constitute power supply section 100 of the power conversion system shown in FIG. 1, and inverter 310 and compressor 315 constitute load section 300 of the power conversion system shown in FIG.
  • One or both of voltage/current detection unit 501 and voltage detection unit 502 may be included in converter 120 .
  • the converter 120 is connected to the AC power supply 110 .
  • Converter 120 includes rectifiers 121 to 124 that full-wave rectify the power supply voltage supplied from AC power supply 110, and switching element 125, rectifier 126, and reactor 127 that are provided to boost the full-wave rectified voltage. be done. That is, converter 120 rectifies the first AC power supplied from AC power supply 110 and boosts the voltage of the rectified power. Rectifiers 121 to 124 constitute rectifier circuit 130 .
  • Switching element 125 , rectifier 126 and reactor 127 constitute booster circuit 140 . In booster circuit 140 , switching element 125 is controlled by control unit 400 to turn on and off, thereby boosting the voltage after being rectified by rectifier circuit 130 .
  • the smoothing section 200 is composed of a smoothing capacitor 210 , and the smoothing capacitor 210 is connected to the output end of the converter 120 .
  • Smoothing unit 200 smoothes the DC power generated by converter 120 executing a process of converting the power supply voltage from AC to DC, and supplies the smoothed power to inverter 310 .
  • Voltage/current detection unit 501 is provided between AC power supply 110 and converter 120, detects the voltage value and current value of the first AC power supplied from AC power supply 110 to converter 120, and detects the detected voltage value and current value. A current value is output to the control unit 400 .
  • the voltage value detected by the voltage/current detection unit 501 is Vin, and the current value is Iin.
  • the voltage/current detector 501 is provided between the AC power supply 110 and the converter 120, but the current detection position is not limited to this.
  • a current detection unit that detects the current flowing through reactor 127 may be provided to output the detected value of the current flowing through reactor 127 to control unit 400 .
  • Voltage detection section 502 is provided between converter 120 and smoothing section 200 , detects the voltage value of DC power supplied from converter 120 to inverter 310 , and outputs the detected voltage value to control section 400 .
  • the voltage value detected by the voltage detection unit 502 is Vdc.
  • the current flowing from converter 120 to smoothing unit 200 and inverter 310 is current I1
  • the current flowing to inverter 310 is current I2
  • the current flowing to smoothing capacitor 210 is Let the capacitor current be the current I3.
  • Each of the currents I1 to I3 is positive when it flows in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG.
  • the inverter 310 is connected to both ends of the smoothing section 200 , that is, the smoothing capacitor 210 . Inverter 310 converts the smoothed DC power supplied from smoothing section 200 into second AC power and supplies the second AC power to compressor 315 .
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration example of inverter 310 and compressor 315 .
  • the inverter 310 has switching elements 311a to 311f and free wheel diodes 312a to 312f each connected in parallel with one of the switching elements 311a to 311f.
  • Compressor 315 is a load having a motor 314 for driving the compressor.
  • Current detectors 313 a and 313 b are provided between inverter 310 and motor 314 .
  • the inverter 310 turns on and off the switching elements 311a to 311f under the control of the control section 400, and converts the power Pinv input from the converter 120 and the smoothing section 200 into second AC power having desired amplitude and phase.
  • Current detection units 313 a and 313 b each detect a current value of one phase out of three phase currents output from inverter 310 and output the detected current value to control unit 400 .
  • Control unit 400 acquires two-phase current values among the three-phase current values output from inverter 310, thereby calculating the remaining one-phase current value output from inverter 310.
  • Motor 314 of compressor 315 rotates according to the amplitude and phase of the second AC power supplied from inverter 310 to perform compression operation. For example, when the compressor 315 is a hermetic compressor used in an air conditioner or the like, the load torque of the compressor 315 can often be regarded as a constant torque load.
  • control unit 400 acquires voltage value Vin and current value Iin of the first AC power input to converter 120 from voltage/current detection unit 501, and determines the voltage of DC power output from converter 120.
  • the value Vdc is acquired from the voltage detection unit 502
  • the current value of the second AC power that the inverter 310 outputs to the compressor 315 is acquired from the current detection units 313a and 313b.
  • Control unit 400 controls the operation of converter 120, more specifically, the operation of converter 120 using the detection values detected by voltage/current detection unit 501, voltage detection unit 502, and current detection units 313a and 313b. It controls on/off of the switching element 125 included in the booster circuit 140 .
  • control unit 400 operates the inverter 310, specifically, the inverter, using the detection values detected by the voltage/current detection unit 501, the voltage detection unit 502, and the current detection units 313a and 313b.
  • On/off of switching elements 311a to 311f included in 310 is controlled.
  • the control unit 400 controls on/off of the switching elements 311a to 311f so that the vibration of the compressor 315 is suppressed.
  • the control unit 400 controls the on/off of the switching elements 311a to 311f so that the output torque changes according to the load torque fluctuation, like the conventional power conversion device disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. This control is hereinafter referred to as vibration suppression control.
  • control unit 400 when performing vibration suppression control, it is necessary to vary the current I2 flowing through the inverter 310, which causes the problem that the capacitor current (current I3) flowing through the smoothing capacitor 210 increases. Therefore, control unit 400 reduces the capacitor current by applying control different from the conventional control to control converter 120 . Specifically, control unit 400 controls switching element 125 of converter 120 so that compressor 315 is provided with input power Pin to converter 120 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as converter input power Pin). It is changed according to the rotation speed of the motor 314 . Thereby, control unit 400 suppresses the capacitor current flowing through smoothing capacitor 210 .
  • the control by which control unit 400 changes input power Pin to converter 120 according to the rotation speed of motor 314 in order to suppress the capacitor current may be referred to as capacitor current suppression control.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of operating waveforms of the power converter when constant torque control is performed as a first comparative example of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms of the power conversion device when vibration suppression control is performed as a second comparative example of the first embodiment.
  • the waveforms are, in order from the top, input power Pinv to inverter 310 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as inverter input power Pinv), input current I2 to inverter 310 (hereinafter, inverter input current I2), the current I3 flowing through the smoothing capacitor 210 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as capacitor current I3), the rotation speed of the motor 314, the load torque, and the output torque of the motor 314 (hereinafter referred to as motor output torque). in some cases). Since inverter 310 constitutes load section 300 , inverter input power Pinv is also input power to load section 300 .
  • inverter input power Pinv is also input power to load section 300 .
  • control unit 400 performs capacitor current suppression control that changes input power Pin to converter 120 according to the rotation speed of motor 314, as described above. Specifically, the control unit 400 detects pulsation of the inverter input power Pinv caused by vibration suppression control or the like, and causes the input power Pin of the converter to pulsate at the same frequency as the first frequency, which is the frequency of the detected pulsation. Thereby, the capacitor current I3 flowing through the smoothing capacitor 210 of the smoothing section 200 is reduced. Since the pulsation of the inverter input power Pinv is caused by the rotation of the motor 314 , the first frequency, which is the frequency of this pulsation, corresponds to the number of rotations of the motor 314 .
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of control blocks forming the control unit 400 of the power converter 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • Control block 410 shown in FIG. 6 is provided to generate a control signal for converter 120 to implement capacitor current suppression control.
  • the control block 410 is composed of a voltage control section 411 , a high power factor current command conversion section 412 , a current control section 413 , and a capacitor current reduction correction generation section 414 .
  • a control block for realizing a converter that performs general high power factor control does not include the capacitor current reduction correction generator 414 . That is, the capacitor current suppression control realized by the control block 410 suppresses the capacitor current while performing high power factor control, and is a type of high power factor control.
  • Voltage control unit 411 and current control unit 413 shown in FIG. 6 perform control operations so that DC voltage Vdc and converter input current Iin follow DC voltage command Vdcref and converter input current command Iinref , respectively. conduct.
  • DC voltage Vdc is a DC voltage supplied from converter 120 to inverter 310 via smoothing section 200, and this voltage may be referred to as a capacitor voltage in the following description.
  • Converter input current Iin is an AC current supplied from AC power supply 110 to converter 120 .
  • the voltage control unit 411 and the current control unit 413 perform the above control operations using, for example, PID (Proportional Integral Differential) control, PI (Proportional Integral) control, P (Proportional) control, and the like.
  • the control block 410 shown in FIG. 6 is configured to perform feedback control using command values and detected values. It is good also as a structure which carries out feedforward control.
  • a capacitor current reduction correction generation unit 414 generates a current command I inrefc that is a correction command for the current command value I inrefpfc generated by the high power factor current command conversion unit 412 .
  • Is is the maximum value of input current Iin to converter 120 and Vs is the maximum value of voltage Vin supplied from AC power supply 110 .
  • ⁇ in is the frequency of the AC power supply 110 (hereinafter referred to as AC power supply frequency). Note that when converter 120 is in a steady state and the output power of converter 120 can be controlled to desired current and voltage, output I inrefpfc of high power factor current command converter 412 in FIG . same as in t.
  • Equation (2) The terms on the right side of equation (2) are, from the left, the DC component, the pulsation of the frequency component twice the AC power frequency ⁇ in , the current command I inrefc as a correction command, and the voltage Vin supplied from the AC power source. represents the product with V s sin ⁇ in t.
  • the pulsation of the actual load torque includes not only one sine wave but also high-order components, and although vibration suppression control does not perform torque control with one sine wave, the derivation is simplified. Because most of the components are composed of the fundamental wave component, only the fundamental wave frequency ⁇ m component is used in expression (3). Note that the fundamental wave frequency ⁇ m can be regarded as the same as the rotation speed f m of the motor 314 .
  • the converter input power Pin should be pulsated in the same manner as the inverter input power Pinv. That is, from equations (2) and (3), current command I inrefc generated by capacitor current reduction correction generation unit 414 may be expressed by equation (4).
  • the denominator of I inrefc includes the AC power supply voltage. Therefore, when the input voltage to converter 120 approaches zero crossing, the denominator becomes infinitely small, and the value to be corrected becomes large. There is Therefore, the capacitor current reduction correction generator 44 calculates I inrefc by changing the calculation method instead of calculating I inrefc using the equation (4) as it is. For example, when the absolute value of the denominator of Equation (4) is equal to or less than a predetermined threshold, I inrefc is calculated using the threshold instead of the AC power supply voltage.
  • Information on the numerator of formula (4) is obtained from inverter drive information, which is drive information for the inverter 310, as shown in FIG.
  • inverter drive information which is drive information for the inverter 310
  • a method may be used in which the information on the numerator of Equation (4) is obtained using the input current I2 to the inverter 310 and the DC voltage Vdc as the inverter driving information.
  • Current control unit 413 adjusts the duty ratio Duty when switching element 125 is turned on and off so that converter input current Iin approaches converter input current command Iinref .
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining a current command when control using control block 410 shown in FIG. 6 is applied.
  • the waveforms are, in order from the top, the AC power supply voltage Vin input to converter 120, I inrefdc generated by voltage control section 411, I inrefpfc generated by high power factor current command conversion section 412, capacitor current I inrefc generated by a reduction correction generation unit 414, a converter input current command I inref that is a command for the converter input current Iin, and a converter input current Iin are shown.
  • the power pulsation of the load is assumed to be 30 Hz.
  • I inrefc shown in FIG. 7 is derived using equation (4).
  • the capacitor current reduction correction generator 414 derives I inrefc so that it is fixed at 150 V when the absolute value of the denominator of Equation (4) becomes 150 V or less.
  • the command I inrefpfc output from the high power factor current command converter 412 and the command I inrefc output from the capacitor current reduction correction generator 414 are added together to generate the converter input current command I inref .
  • the polarities (plus and minus) of the AC power supply voltage Vin and the converter input current command Iinref are different. Since the current in this portion cannot follow due to the circuit configuration, the converter input current command I inref is set to zero in this portion. The switching operation of switching element 125 may be stopped instead of setting converter input current command I inref to zero. From the converter input current Iin shown in FIG. 7, it can be confirmed that the input current pulsates at 30 Hz.
  • FIG. 8 shows, as a comparative example, operation waveforms (power waveform, current waveform
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a voltage waveform
  • FIG. 9 shows an example of operation waveforms (power waveform, current waveform, voltage waveform) of each part when the power converter 1 drives the motor 314 of the compressor 315 using vibration suppression control and capacitor current suppression control. It is a figure which shows.
  • the operating waveforms shown in FIG. 9 are operating waveforms when the current command shown in FIG. 7 is generated to control converter 120 .
  • the waveforms are, from top to bottom, converter input current Iin, AC power supply voltage Vin, converter input power Pin and inverter input power Pinv, converter output current I1 and inverter input current I2, capacitor current I3, DC voltage Vdc is shown. Ripple caused by the switching frequency of the converter output current I1 and the capacitor current I3 is omitted.
  • the inverter 310 and the motor 314 are simulated with a variable power load, and the pulsation component is only the fundamental wave component as in the above equation (3 ) .
  • the maximum value Vs of the AC power supply voltage Vin is set to 200 ⁇ 2 V
  • the AC power supply frequency ⁇ in is set to 50 Hz.
  • the DC voltage command V dcref input to the control block 410 shown in FIG. 6 is 360V.
  • the converter input power Pin fluctuates according to the pulsation of the inverter input power Pinv, as shown in FIG.
  • the capacitor current I3 is reduced from 2.27 A to 2.05 A as compared with the case of FIG. 8 in which the capacitor current suppression control is not applied.
  • the ripple voltage of the DC voltage Vdc is reduced.
  • the power conversion device 1 regards the number of rotations of the motor 314 that constitutes the compressor 315 that is the connected load, in detail, as the number of rotations of the motor 314.
  • the converter input current Iin is varied to pulsate the converter input power Pin according to a first frequency, which is the frequency of pulsation of the inverter input power Pinv.
  • the capacitor current I3 flowing to the smoothing unit 200 can be reduced, so a capacitor with a small ripple current resistance can be used as the smoothing capacitor 210, and cost can be reduced.
  • the pulsating voltage of the DC voltage Vdc is reduced, the capacity of the smoothing capacitor 210 constituting the smoothing section 200 can be reduced, that is, the size of the smoothing capacitor 210 can be reduced, and the size of the device can be suppressed.
  • the above-described capacitor current suppression control is applied to a power conversion device in which a smoothing section for smoothing the DC voltage after rectification is configured with a plurality of capacitors, the current flowing to the smoothing section is reduced.
  • the number of constituent capacitors can be reduced, and the size of the device can be reduced.
  • the current sensor used for current detection has an AC power supply frequency of fin, and the current that the current sensor can observe is When the lower limit frequency is fisen, it is necessary to satisfy the relationship shown in Equation (5). fin>fisen (5)
  • the capacitor current suppression control when the capacitor current suppression control is applied, the converter input current Iin is detected using a current sensor whose observable lower limit frequency fisen satisfies the relationship shown in Equation (6). That is, the voltage/current detection unit 501 is configured using a current sensor whose observable lower limit frequency fisen satisfies the relationship shown in Equation (6). fmin>fisen (6)
  • the converter 120 is controlled so that the converter input current Iin includes the pulsation component of the load torque pulsation fundamental wave frequency ⁇ m corresponding to the rotational speed fm of the motor 314.
  • Converter 120 may be controlled so that converter input current Iin also includes a pulsation component of integral multiples of fundamental wave frequency ⁇ m .
  • the capacitor current I3 can be further reduced.
  • Embodiment 2 Next, a power converter according to a second embodiment will be described.
  • the configuration of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment is the same as that of the power conversion device 1 according to the first embodiment, and the operation of the control unit 400 controlling the converter 120 is different.
  • the control operation of converter 120 which is different from that of the first embodiment, will be described.
  • control unit 400 controls the converter input current Iin so that the pulsation caused by the AC power supply frequency fin contained in the converter input power Pin is reduced. Reduce I3.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of the control block 420 that configures the control unit 400 of the power converter 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • Control block 420 shown in FIG. 10 is provided to generate a control signal for converter 120 and implements capacitor current suppression control according to the second embodiment.
  • the control block 420 is composed of a voltage control section 411 , a capacitor current reduction command conversion section 415 and a current control section 413 .
  • Voltage control unit 411 and current control unit 413 of control block 420 are the same as voltage control unit 411 and current control unit 413 of control block 410 described in the first embodiment.
  • capacitor current reduction command conversion unit 415 derives converter input current command I inref.
  • the AC power source information input to the capacitor current reduction command conversion unit 415 can be, for example, the AC power source frequency fin.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of operating waveforms of the power converter 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 shows a case where power conversion device 1 drives motor 314 of compressor 315 using general high power factor control, and control block 420 shown in FIG. 10 to control converter 120.
  • An example of operation waveforms when the motor 314 of the compressor 315 is driven is shown.
  • the upper waveform indicates the AC power supply voltage Vin.
  • Two waveforms in the middle show the converter input current command I inref .
  • the dashed line indicates the converter input current command I inref when high power factor control is performed, and the solid line indicates the converter input current command I inref when control using the control block 420 is performed.
  • the three waveforms at the bottom represent converter input power Pin and inverter input power Pinv.
  • the dashed line indicates the converter input power Pin when the high power factor control is performed, and the solid line indicates the converter input power Pin when the control using the control block 420 is performed.
  • the maximum value Vs of the AC power supply voltage Vin is set to 200 ⁇ 2 V, and the AC power supply frequency fin is set to 50 Hz.
  • the input power to the inverter 310 is only a DC component and is 1 kW.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing frequency analysis results of the converter input power Pin shown in FIG.
  • the dashed line indicates the frequency analysis result of the converter input power Pin when high power factor control is performed, and the solid line indicates the frequency analysis result of the converter input power Pin when control using the control block 420 is performed.
  • this pulsation frequency may be referred to as a second frequency.
  • the pulsating component at the second frequency, which is twice the frequency of the AC power supply frequency fin, contained in the converter input power Pin is Control the converter input current Iin to reduce it.
  • a unit 415 outputs a square-wave converter input current command I inref .
  • the converter input current command I inref may have a waveform that reduces the pulsating component of the second frequency.
  • FIG. 13 shows, as a comparative example, operation waveforms (power waveform, current 2 is a diagram showing an example of waveforms, voltage waveforms).
  • FIG. 14 shows that the power converter 1 according to the second embodiment drives the motor 314 of the compressor 315 using capacitor current suppression control (converter control realized by applying the control block 420 in FIG. 10).
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms (power waveform, current waveform, voltage waveform) of each part in the case.
  • the waveforms are, in order from the top, AC power supply voltage Vin, converter input current Iin, converter input power Pin and inverter input power Pinv, converter output current I1 and inverter input current I2, capacitor current I3, DC voltage Vdc is shown. Ripple caused by the switching frequency of the converter output current I1 and the capacitor current I3 is omitted.
  • the inverter 310 and the motor 314 are simulated with a constant power load, and the load power is 1 kW. Also, the maximum value Vs of the AC power supply voltage Vin is set to 200 ⁇ 2 V, and the AC power supply frequency fin is set to 50 Hz.
  • a DC voltage command V dcref input to the control block 420 shown in FIG. 10 is 360V.
  • the capacitor current suppression control according to the second embodiment realized by the control block 420 shown in FIG. 10, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, when the capacitor current suppression control according to the second embodiment is not applied , the capacitor current I3 is reduced from 1.94A to 1.51A. Also, the ripple voltage of the DC voltage Vdc is reduced.
  • the power converter 1 according to the second embodiment reduces the pulsating component of the converter input power Pin at the second frequency caused by the AC power supply frequency fin. is controlled to reduce the capacitor current I3, which is the current flowing through the smoothing capacitor 210 that constitutes the smoothing unit 200 .
  • the current I3 flowing to the smoothing section 200 can be reduced, so that the same effect as the power converter 1 according to the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, a capacitor with a small ripple current withstand capability can be used as the smoothing capacitor 210, and cost can be reduced.
  • the pulsating voltage of the DC voltage Vdc is reduced, the capacity of the smoothing capacitor 210 constituting the smoothing section 200 can be reduced, that is, the size of the smoothing capacitor 210 can be reduced, and the size of the apparatus can be suppressed.
  • the converter input current Iin is controlled so as to reduce the pulsation caused by the AC power frequency fin. may control the converter 120 to Thereby, the capacitor current I3 can be further reduced.
  • control is performed on converter 120 to suppress an increase in capacitor current I3 caused by AC power supply frequency fin.
  • the control of converter 120 described in the second embodiment may also be performed when vibration suppression control is performed. That is, the configuration may be such that the control of converter 120 described in the first embodiment and the control of converter 120 described in the second embodiment are performed.
  • the control of converter 120 described in Embodiment 1 will be referred to as first capacitor current suppression control
  • the control of converter 120 described in Embodiment 2 will be referred to as second capacitor current suppression control.
  • Embodiment 3 Next, a power converter according to a third embodiment will be described.
  • the configuration of the power converter according to the third embodiment is the same as that of the power converter 1 according to the first and second embodiments, and the operation of the control unit 400 controlling the converter 120 and the inverter 310 is the same as that of the first and second embodiments. different.
  • the operation of control unit 400 controlling converter 120 and inverter 310 will be described.
  • descriptions of operations common to the first and second embodiments will be omitted.
  • the current flowing through smoothing capacitor 210 is reduced by controlling converter 120, that is, by controlling input current Iin to converter 120.
  • the inverter 310 there is also a method of reducing the current flowing through the smoothing capacitor 210 by controlling the inverter 310 .
  • capacitor current I3 flowing through smoothing capacitor 210 pulsates according to changes in converter input current Iin.
  • the inverter 310 by controlling the inverter 310 so that the inverter input current I2 pulsates according to the change in the converter input current Iin, the pulsation of the capacitor current I3 is suppressed and, as a result, the capacitor current I3 is reduced.
  • the inverter input current I2 is pulsated, the current effective value increases, and there is concern that the semiconductor elements (the switching elements 311a to 311f and the freewheeling diodes 312a to 312f) forming the inverter 310 may increase heat generation. Therefore, the inverter input current I2 can only be pulsated within the range where the semiconductor element is heated, and there is a limit to the effect of reducing the capacitor current I3.
  • control for operating inverter 310 so as to reduce capacitor current I3 is referred to as inverter current pulsation control.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms when high power factor control and vibration suppression control are performed together as a first comparative example of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms when high power factor control, vibration suppression control, and inverter current pulsation control are performed together as a second comparative example of the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of operation waveforms when the control according to the third embodiment is performed. Specifically, vibration suppression control, inverter current pulsation control, and capacitor current suppression control are performed together. 4 shows an example of operation waveforms in this case.
  • the upper waveforms show the input power Pin to the converter 120 and the input power Pinv to the inverter 310, and the lower waveforms show the power Pc of the smoothing section 200.
  • FIG. 15 to 17 the upper waveforms show the input power Pin to the converter 120 and the input power Pinv to the inverter 310, and the lower waveforms show the power Pc of the smoothing section 200.
  • the inverter input power Pinv is set to 400 W for P DC and 200 W for P m in the above equation (3), and the fundamental wave frequency ⁇ m is 10 Hz. Also, the maximum value Vs of the voltage Vin of the AC power supply 110 is 200 ⁇ 2 V, and the frequency fin is 50 Hz.
  • the capacitor current suppression control applied to the operation corresponding to FIG. 17 is the first capacitor current suppression control, which is the control of converter 120 described in the first embodiment. If the capacitor current I3 flowing through the smoothing unit 200 has pulsation that does not correspond to either the frequency pulsation caused by the AC power supply frequency fin or the frequency pulsation caused by the motor rotation speed, the pulsation component is controlled by the converter 120. may be reduced by
  • the inverter input power Pinv is pulsated by inverter current pulsation control, and the pulsating power contained in the power Pc of the smoothing section 200 is reduced.
  • the inverter input power Pinv is pulsated with a pulsation amount 0.5 times the pulsation component contained in the converter input power Pin, that is, the power pulsation component caused by the AC power supply frequency fin. Since the DC voltage Vdc is substantially constant, the ripple waveform of the power Pc of the smoothing section 200 and the waveform of the capacitor current I3 are similar. Therefore, it can be seen from FIG. 16 that the capacitor current I3 can be reduced by performing the high power factor control, the vibration suppression control, and the inverter current pulsation control in combination.
  • the pulsation of the power of the smoothing unit 200 caused by the vibration suppression control is suppressed by the first capacitor current suppression control, and
  • the generated power pulsation of smoothing unit 200 is suppressed by inverter current pulsation control and second capacitor current suppression control.
  • the converter output current I1 is pulsated with a pulsation amount that is 0.5 times the pulsation caused by the vibration suppression control
  • the inverter current pulsation control the AC power supply frequency
  • the inverter input current I2 is pulsated with a pulsation amount 0.5 times the pulsation caused by fin.
  • the converter output current I1 is pulsated with a pulsation amount of .
  • control according to the third embodiment can further suppress the pulsation of the power Pc of the smoothing section 200 as compared with the case of controlling to have the operation waveform of FIG. . Therefore, it can be said that the effect of reducing the capacitor current I3 can be improved.
  • both the first capacitor current suppression control and the second capacitor current suppression control are performed.
  • the configuration may be implemented as the control according to the third form.
  • the power converter 1 includes inverter current pulsation control for controlling the inverter 310 so that the inverter input current I2 pulsates according to changes in the converter input current Iin, and Inverter input current I2 and converter output current I1 are pulsated by implementing at least one of the first capacitor current suppression control described in Section 1 and the second capacitor current suppression control described in Embodiment 2.
  • the effect of reducing the capacitor current I3 can be improved compared to the case where only the inverter current pulsation control is performed to reduce the capacitor current I3.
  • the effect of reducing the capacitor current I3 can be improved more than in the first and second embodiments.
  • Embodiment 4 Next, a power converter according to a fourth embodiment will be explained.
  • the configuration of the power conversion device according to the fourth embodiment is similar to that of the power conversion device 1 according to the first to third embodiments, and the operation of the control unit 400 controlling the converter 120 differs from the first to third embodiments.
  • the operation of control unit 400 controlling converter 120 will be described.
  • the description of the operations common to the first to third embodiments will be omitted.
  • FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the power converter 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • reactor current IL which is the current flowing through reactor 127 of converter 120
  • CCM continuous current mode
  • DCM discontinuous current mode
  • control unit 400 controls the converter 120 so that there is a time during which the reactor current IL becomes zero.
  • the power conversion device 1 operates the converter 120 in the discontinuous current mode in each of the power conversion devices 1 described in the first to third embodiments.
  • a power conversion device to which the capacitor current suppression control described in the first to fourth embodiments can be applied is not limited to the power conversion device 1 having the configuration shown in FIG.
  • the capacitor current suppression control may be applied to the power converters having the configurations shown in FIGS. 19 to 21, respectively.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a first configuration example of the power converter according to the fifth embodiment.
  • a power converter 1a shown in FIG. 19 is obtained by replacing the converter 120 of the power converter 1 shown in FIG. 2 with a converter 120a, and replacing the controller 400 with a controller 400a.
  • converter 120a constitutes power supply unit 100a.
  • Converter 120a is a rectifier circuit with a diode bridgeless (DBL) configuration, and includes reactor 127, switching elements 125a to 125d, and each of which is connected in parallel to one of switching elements 125a to 125d. It has rectifiers 121-124. Under the control of control unit 400a, converter 120a turns switching elements 125a to 125d on and off, rectifies and boosts the first AC power supplied from AC power supply 110, and outputs the boosted DC power to smoothing unit 200. do.
  • Converter 120a is controlled by control unit 400a with full PAM (Pulse Amplitude Modulation) in which switching elements 125a to 125d continuously perform switching operations.
  • Converter 120a makes capacitor voltage Vdc of smoothing capacitor 210 of smoothing section 200 higher than the power supply voltage by power factor improvement control.
  • the power conversion device 1a it is possible to achieve higher efficiency compared to the power conversion device 1 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a second configuration example of the power converter according to the fifth embodiment.
  • a power converter 1b shown in FIG. 20 is obtained by replacing the converter 120 of the power converter 1 shown in FIG. 2 with a converter 120b, and replacing the controller 400 with a controller 400b. Note that converter 120b constitutes power supply unit 100b.
  • the converter 120 b has a reactor 127 , a rectifier circuit 131 and a booster circuit 141 .
  • booster circuit 140 is connected in series after rectifier circuit 130 .
  • the booster circuit 141 is connected in parallel with the rectifier circuit 131 in the converter 120b that constitutes the power converter 1b.
  • the rectifier circuit 131 of the converter 120b that constitutes the power converter 1b is composed of rectifiers 121a to 124a, and full-wave rectifies the first AC power supplied from the AC power supply 110.
  • the rectifier circuit 131 is a circuit similar to the rectifier circuit 130 of the converter 120 that constitutes the power converter 1 .
  • the booster circuit 141 has rectifiers 121 b to 124 b and a switching element 125 .
  • the booster circuit 141 turns on and off the switching element 125 under the control of the control unit 400 b , boosts the first AC power supplied from the AC power supply 110 , and outputs the boosted power to the smoothing unit 200 .
  • the booster circuit 141 of the converter 120b is controlled by the control unit 400b, and is simple switching that performs the switching operation of the switching element 125 once or a plurality of times per half cycle of the frequency of the first AC power supplied from the AC power supply 110. controlled.
  • Converter 120b makes capacitor voltage Vdc of smoothing capacitor 210 of smoothing section 200 higher than the power supply voltage by power factor improvement control.
  • efficiency can be improved compared to the power conversion device 1 shown in FIG. Also, noise can be reduced.
  • FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a third configuration example of the power converter according to the fifth embodiment.
  • a power converter 1c shown in FIG. 21 is obtained by replacing the converter 120 of the power converter 1 shown in FIG. 2 with a converter 120c, and replacing the controller 400 with a controller 400c. Note that converter 120c constitutes power supply unit 100c.
  • the converter 120c is a totem pole type converter and has a reactor 127, rectifiers 121, 122, 123A, 123B, 124A and 124B, switching elements 125a, 125b, 125c and 125d, and a capacitor 128.
  • the reactor 127 limits the input current from the AC power supply 110 .
  • the rectifiers 121 and 122 are connected in series to form a first series circuit 601 that is a rectifying bridge circuit that rectifies the AC power supplied from the AC power supply 110 .
  • a connection point between rectifier 121 and rectifier 122 is connected to one output terminal of AC power supply 110 via reactor 127 .
  • a series circuit 602 is constructed. The first series circuit 601 and the second series circuit 602 are connected in parallel.
  • a connection point between the second switching element 125b and the third switching element 125c of the four switching elements forming the second series circuit is connected to the other output terminal of the AC power supply 110.
  • One end of a capacitor 128 is connected to the connection point between the first switching element 125a and the second switching element 125b of the four switching elements, and the third switching element 125c and the fourth switching element 125d are connected to each other. is connected to the other end of the capacitor 128 .
  • the converter 120c turns on and off the switching elements 125a to 125d under the control of the control unit 400c, rectifies and boosts the first AC power supplied from the AC power supply 110, and outputs the boosted DC power to the smoothing unit 200. do.
  • Converter 120c makes capacitor voltage Vdc of smoothing capacitor 210 of smoothing section 200 higher than the power supply voltage by power factor improvement control.
  • efficiency can be improved compared to the power conversion device 1 shown in FIG. Also, it is possible to reduce the inductance.
  • each control unit control units 400, 400a, 400b, 400c included in each power converter (power converters 1, 1a, 1b, 1c) described in each embodiment will be described. Note that the hardware configuration of each control unit is the same.
  • FIG. 22 is a diagram showing an example of a hardware configuration that implements a control unit included in the power converter.
  • a control unit of the power converter is realized by, for example, a processor 91 and a memory 92 shown in FIG. 22 .
  • the processor 91 is a CPU (Central Processing Unit, also referred to as a central processing unit, processing unit, arithmetic unit, microprocessor, microcomputer, processor, DSP (Digital Signal Processor)).
  • the memory 92 is RAM (Random Access Memory), ROM (Read Only Memory), flash memory, EPROM (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EEPROM (registered trademark) (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), or the like.
  • a memory 92 stores a program for operating as a control unit of the power converter.
  • a control unit of the power converter is implemented by the processor 91 reading and executing a program stored in the memory 92 .
  • the above program stored in the memory 92 may be provided to the user or the like while being written on a storage medium such as a CD (Compact Disc)-ROM, a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc)-ROM, etc. Alternatively, it may be provided via a network.
  • the control unit can also be realized by a dedicated processing circuit, for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or a circuit that combines these. .
  • a dedicated processing circuit for example, a single circuit, a composite circuit, an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or a circuit that combines these. .
  • Embodiment 6 a device that can be realized by applying each of the power converters described in Embodiments 1 to 5 will be described.
  • a refrigerating cycle-applied equipment using the power converter 1 described in the first embodiment will be described.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a refrigeration cycle application device 900 according to the sixth embodiment.
  • a refrigerating cycle applied equipment 900 according to the sixth embodiment includes a motor drive device 10 to which the power conversion device 1 described in the first embodiment is applied.
  • the refrigerating cycle applied equipment 900 has a refrigerating cycle configuration in which a four-way valve 902, a compressor 903, a heat exchanger 906, an expansion valve 908, and a heat exchanger 910 are attached via a refrigerant pipe 912. It has The compressor 903 corresponds to the compressor 315 shown in FIG. 2 and the like.
  • the compressor 903 is provided with a compression mechanism 904 that compresses the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant pipe 912 and a motor 905 that operates the compression mechanism 904 .
  • Motor 905 corresponds to motor 314 shown in FIG.
  • the refrigeration cycle application device 900 having such a configuration can be used, for example, in air conditioners, heat pump water heaters, refrigerators, refrigerators, and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
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PCT/JP2021/041193 2021-11-09 2021-11-09 電力変換装置、モータ駆動装置および冷凍サイクル適用機器 Ceased WO2023084604A1 (ja)

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PCT/JP2021/041193 WO2023084604A1 (ja) 2021-11-09 2021-11-09 電力変換装置、モータ駆動装置および冷凍サイクル適用機器
CN202180103734.0A CN118176655A (zh) 2021-11-09 2021-11-09 电力转换装置、马达驱动装置以及制冷循环应用设备
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WO2015140867A1 (ja) * 2014-03-15 2015-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動制御装置、圧縮機、送風機、及び空気調和機
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WO2015140867A1 (ja) * 2014-03-15 2015-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 モータ駆動制御装置、圧縮機、送風機、及び空気調和機
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