WO2022127845A1 - 一株格氏乳杆菌及其缓解和治疗高尿酸血症的用途 - Google Patents

一株格氏乳杆菌及其缓解和治疗高尿酸血症的用途 Download PDF

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WO2022127845A1
WO2022127845A1 PCT/CN2021/138680 CN2021138680W WO2022127845A1 WO 2022127845 A1 WO2022127845 A1 WO 2022127845A1 CN 2021138680 W CN2021138680 W CN 2021138680W WO 2022127845 A1 WO2022127845 A1 WO 2022127845A1
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lactobacillus gasseri
ccfm1133
hyperuricemia
uric acid
serum
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French (fr)
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王刚
倪彩新
王琳琳
赵建新
张灏
陈卫
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江南大学
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A61K35/741—Probiotics
    • A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
    • A61K35/747—Lactobacilli, e.g. L. acidophilus or L. brevis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
    • A61P19/06—Antigout agents, e.g. antihyperuricemic or uricosuric agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/145—Gasseri
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K2035/11—Medicinal preparations comprising living procariotic cells
    • A61K2035/115—Probiotics
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
    • C12R2001/225—Lactobacillus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a strain of Lactobacillus gasseri and its application for relieving and treating hyperuricemia, belonging to the technical field of microorganisms.
  • Hyperuricemia refers to a disease in which the level of uric acid in the blood exceeds the normal value.
  • HUA Hyperuricemia
  • cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases chronic kidney disease, and atherosclerosis, which seriously endangers human health. Therefore, the treatment of hyperuricemia has attracted great attention.
  • the main drugs for the treatment of hyperuricemia are allopurinol (xanthine oxidase inhibitor), benzbromarone (uric acid excretion drug), etc., but these drugs have some side effects, and the international treatment for asymptomatic hyperuricemia is There are many controversies in the treatment of uric acid-lowering drugs. Therefore, improvement in diet and lifestyle is the preferred method for the treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
  • probiotics can improve human health by regulating the intestinal flora.
  • the pathogenesis of hyperuricemia is closely related to the structural disturbance of the intestinal flora, and ingestion of probiotics can regulate the intestinal flora by proliferating Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the intestine, improve the intestinal barrier function, and reduce metabolism such as endotoxin
  • the substance enters the liver with the blood, effectively reducing the blood uric acid level.
  • Metabolites of the gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids also have key roles in regulating host metabolism, the immune system, and cell proliferation.
  • Probiotics have the characteristics of safety and no side effects. At present, a large number of clinical and animal experimental studies have shown that probiotics can alleviate obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and inflammatory bowel disease. With the continuous deepening of research on probiotics, the use of probiotics to improve the health status of patients with hyperuricemia has become a new method for the treatment of hyperuricemia and the prevention of gout.
  • the present invention provides Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 (Lactobacillus gasseri), which has been deposited in the Guangdong Provincial Microbial Culture Collection Center on July 22, 2020, and the deposit number is GDMCC No: 61094.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 has the following characteristics:
  • Bacterial characteristics Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, non-motile bacteria.
  • the present invention also provides a composition containing the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133.
  • the amount of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 is > 1 x 10 6 CFU/mL or > 1 x 10 6 CFU/g.
  • the amount of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 is ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 9 CFU/mL or ⁇ 1 ⁇ 10 9 CFU/g.
  • the composition includes, but is not limited to, microbial preparations, functional foods, health products or drugs.
  • the composition contains a live strain, a dried strain, a strain metabolite or an inactivated strain of the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133.
  • the composition is a 3% sucrose solution containing Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 in the preparation of drugs for preventing and/or treating and relieving hyperuricemia and gout.
  • the application includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following effects:
  • the mammal includes, but is not limited to, a human.
  • the medicament further contains a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier includes, but is not limited to, one or more of fillers, wetting agents, disintegrating agents, binders or lubricants.
  • the filler is one or more of microcrystalline cellulose, lactose, mannitol, starch or dextrin;
  • the wetting agent is one or more of ethanol or glycerin
  • the disintegrant is one or more of sodium carboxymethyl starch, croscarmellose sodium, crospovidone or low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose;
  • the binder is starch paste , syrup, caramel, condensed honey or one or more of liquid glucose;
  • the lubricant is one or more of magnesium stearate, sodium stearate fumarate, talc or silicon dioxide.
  • the present invention also claims the application of the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 in the preparation of fermented food.
  • the application includes, but is not limited to, using the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 as a fermentation microorganism to ferment food materials.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preventing and/or treating metabolic diseases caused by purine metabolism disorder, the method ingests the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 or the composition into the intestine.
  • the metabolic disease caused by purine metabolism disorder includes hyperuricemia and/or gout.
  • the prevention and/or treatment of metabolic diseases caused by purine metabolism disorders includes any one of (1) to (7):
  • the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 can reduce the serum uric acid level of hyperuricemic mice, inhibit the xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity in the serum and liver of hyperuricemic mice, and reduce the occurrence of gout; Lactobacillus sylvestris CCFM1133 can reduce blood sugar and serum triglyceride (TG) levels in mice, and improve liver catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities, which is helpful for remission Obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and other diseases; the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 can increase the level of short-chain fatty acids in the intestinal tract of mice and promote the health of mice; the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 can increase the ileal uric acid transporter ABCG2. expression to promote intestinal uric acid excretion.
  • XOD xanthine
  • Fig. 1 is the colony morphology of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133;
  • Figure 2 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on serum uric acid in hyperuricemic mice;
  • Figure 3 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on the activity of serum and liver xanthine oxidase (XOD) in hyperuricemic mice;
  • Figure 4 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on fecal short-chain fatty acids in mice with hyperuricemia; wherein, A, acetic acid; B, propionic acid; C, isobutyric acid; D, butyric acid; E, isovaleric acid; F, valeric acid;
  • Figure 5 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on the blood glucose (Glucose) of hyperuricemic mice;
  • Figure 6 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on total triglyceride (TG) in hyperuricemic mice;
  • Figure 7 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on the activities of liver catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in hyperuricemic mice;
  • CAT liver catalase
  • GSH-Px glutathione peroxidase
  • Figure 8 is the effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on the expression of mouse ileal uric acid transporter ABCG2;
  • step (1) the lactobacillus obtained by step (1) is cultivated overnight;
  • the extracted whole genome was sent to a professional sequencing company, and the whole genome of the bacteria was sequenced by a second-generation sequencer.
  • the obtained sequence results were searched and compared in GenBank using BLAST, and the sequencing results were identified as belonging to Lactobacillus gasseri.
  • a newly discovered strain was stored at -80°C for later use.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 has good tolerance to simulated gastrointestinal fluid
  • the cryopreserved Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 was inoculated into the MRS medium, cultured anaerobically at 37°C for 14 hours, and then subcultured with the MRS medium for 2 to 3 times.
  • anaerobic at 37 ° C Culture samples were taken at 0h and 2h respectively, and the plate colonies were counted with MRS agar medium for pouring and culture, and the number of viable bacteria was determined and the survival rate was calculated.
  • the survival rate (%) was calculated as the ratio of the number of viable bacteria at the time of sampling to the number of viable bacteria at 0 h in the culture solution.
  • the experimental results are shown in Table 1. The results show that Lactobacillus gasseri has good tolerance to artificial simulated gastrointestinal fluid.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 was resuspended in a sucrose solution with a concentration of 30 g/L to prepare a bacterial suspension with a concentration of 4.0 ⁇ 10 9 CFU/mL. Twelve healthy male KunMing mice weighing about 38-44 g were selected and divided into CCFM1133 group and control group after one week of acclimatization. The CCFM1133 group was given 0.3 mL of this concentration of bacterial suspension by gavage once a day, and the control group was given the same amount of 30 g/L sucrose solution without Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 by gavage for one week, and the death and body weight were recorded.
  • Example 4 Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 reduces serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemic mice
  • mice Twenty-four healthy male KM mice with a body weight of 38-44 g were selected, and after 1 week of adaptive culture, they were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, hyperuricemia model group, Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 intervention group (CCFM1133) and Allopurinol intervention group (allopurinol).
  • the other groups were given 500 mg/kg BW hypoxanthine and intraperitoneal injection of 100 mg/kg BW potassium oxonate every day; 1 h before the treatment of hypoxanthine and potassium oxonate, the control group and the hyperuricemia model
  • the group was given 0.4 mL of 30 g/L sucrose (control solvent), and the Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 intervention group was given 1 ⁇ 10 9 CFU/Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 bacterial suspension (30 g/L containing Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 somatic cells). sucrose solution), the allopurinol group was given 5 mg/kg BW allopurinol.
  • Table 3 The experimental grouping and processing methods are shown in Table 3:
  • mice fresh feces of mice were collected and stored at -80°C.
  • the mice were fasted for 12 hours, and then anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mL/10 g of 1% pentobarbital sodium solution.
  • the blood samples were centrifuged at 3500 r/min for 15 minutes, and the supernatant was taken and frozen at -80°C for blood index analysis.
  • ileum and other tissues were taken out, they were quickly rinsed in pre-cooled normal saline to remove blood, quick-frozen in liquid nitrogen and transferred to -80°C for cryopreservation, and subsequently prepared into liver homogenate to measure relevant indicators.
  • the determination of serum uric acid level was carried out according to the kit method.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 The effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on serum uric acid levels in mice is shown in Figure 2. Compared with hyperuricemia model mice, Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 reduced the serum uric acid concentration of hyperuricemia mice by 33.67% and was close to the control group, its uric acid-lowering effect is similar to that of the drug allopurinol, which can prevent and reduce the occurrence of hyperuricemia and gout.
  • Example 5 Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 reduces xanthine oxidase activity in hyperuricemic mice
  • the grouping and treatment methods of the experimental animals were the same as those in Example 4, and the detection of xanthine oxidase (XOD) was carried out according to the method of the kit (Beijing Soleibao).
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 can reduce the serum and liver xanthine oxidase activities by 45.30% and 38.84%, respectively, in hyperuricemic mice, making hyperuricemia
  • the elevated serum and hepatic xanthine oxidase activity of the mice with schizophrenia approached normal, and its ability to reduce hepatic xanthine oxidase was close to that of the xanthine oxidase inhibitory drug allopurinol, thereby reducing the synthesis of uric acid in the mice. Conducive to the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia and gout.
  • Example 6 Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 promotes intestinal short-chain fatty acid production in mice
  • mice feces were collected for short-chain fatty acid analysis. Fecal short-chain fatty acids were analyzed as follows:
  • the short-chain fatty acids were separated by Rtx-Wax column, and the short-chain fatty acids (acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, pentanoic acid) were detected by full scan mode (mass-to-charge ratio scan range 33-110). Acid), select the characteristic ions of each analyte standard for quantitative analysis.
  • Example 7 Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 alleviates hyperuricemia-induced hyperglycemia
  • the grouping and treatment methods of the experimental animals were the same as those in Example 4, and the detection of blood glucose was carried out using Mindray BS480 biochemical analyzer according to the method of the kit.
  • Example 8 Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 alleviates the elevation of total triglycerides caused by hyperuricemia
  • the grouping and treatment methods of the experimental animals were the same as those in Example 4.
  • the detection of serum total triglycerides (TG) was carried out using Mindray BS480 biochemical analyzer according to the method of the kit.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 The effect of Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 on serum total triglycerides in hyperuricemic mice is shown in Figure 6. Compared with the control group, hyperuricemic mice have higher serum total triglyceride concentrations, reaching 1.10 ⁇ 0.18mmol/L, Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 can restore it to the normal level of 0.76 ⁇ 0.13mmol/L, and its ability to restore total triglycerides is similar to that of the drug allopurinol.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 alleviates the reduction of liver catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities caused by hyperuricemia
  • CAT liver catalase
  • GSH-Px glutathione peroxidase
  • the grouping and treatment methods of the experimental animals were the same as those in Example 4, and the determination of the activities of liver catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) was carried out according to the method of the kit.
  • CAT liver catalase
  • GSH-Px glutathione peroxidase
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 promotes the expression of ileal uric acid transporter ABCG2
  • ileal ABCG2 mRNA about 20 mg of ileal tissue was added to 500 ⁇ L of Trizol, and after homogenization in an ice bath, the RNA in the ileal tissue was extracted by conventional methods.
  • cDNA synthesis was performed according to the instructions of the reverse transcription kit. The samples were mixed with the fluorescent dye SYBR Green super mix (Qiagen, Germany), and the PCR system was 5 ⁇ L of mix, 1 ⁇ L of cDNA, 1 ⁇ L of forward and reverse primers, and supplemented with ddH 2 O to a total volume of 10 ⁇ L. The detection was carried out on the real-time fluorescent quantitative gene amplification instrument CFX96 TM Real-Time System (Bio-Rad, USA). Three parallel wells were set up for each sample, and GAPDH was used as the internal reference. The results were analyzed by the method of 2 - ⁇ Cq ; The primer sequences used are shown in Table 4.
  • Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 could significantly increase the mRNA level of ABCG2 in the ileum of hyperuricemic mice. Ileal ABCG2 plays an important role in intestinal uric acid excretion. Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 can promote uric acid excretion by increasing the expression of ileal ABCG2.
  • the specific embodiment is the same as Example 4, the difference is that Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 is replaced by Lactobacillus gasseri FHeNJZ11L9 (reported in: Zhou Xingya. Screening, genome comparison and safety evaluation of Lactobacillus gasseri and Lactobacillus paragaseri [ D]. Jiangnan University 2019), the serum uric acid index of mice was measured.
  • the specific embodiment is the same as in Example 5, except that Lactobacillus gasseri CCFM1133 is replaced with Lactobacillus gasseri FHeNJZ11L9, and the serum and liver xanthine oxidase activity of mice are measured.

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Abstract

提供了一株格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133及其缓解和治疗高尿酸血症的用途。该格氏乳杆菌能够降低高尿酸血症小鼠的血清尿酸水平、血清及肝脏的黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性，减少高尿酸血症和痛风的发生，并能够调节高尿酸血症患者的血糖、血清甘油三酯(TG)水平，提高肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力；提高回肠ABCG2的表达，促进肠道尿酸的排泄，以及提高肠道短链脂肪酸水平，促进健康。可用于制备食品、功能性食品或药物。

Description

一株格氏乳杆菌及其缓解和治疗高尿酸血症的用途 技术领域
本发明涉及一株格氏乳杆菌及其缓解和治疗高尿酸血症的用途，属于微生物技术领域。
背景技术
高尿酸血症(Hyperuricemia，HUA)是指血液内尿酸水平超过正常值的一种疾病。近年来，随着生活水平的提高，高尿酸血症的发病率也越来越高，我国高尿酸血症患者占总人口约13.3％。长期的高尿酸血症造成的尿酸盐结石会进一步诱发痛风。同时，高尿酸血症被认为是心脑血管疾病、慢性肾病、动脉粥样硬化的危险因素，严重危害人类健康，因此高尿酸血症的治疗引起了人们的高度重视。目前治疗高尿酸血症的药物主要有别嘌呤醇(黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制剂)、苯溴马隆(促尿酸排泄药物)等，但是这些药物存在一些副作用，国际上针对无症状高尿酸血症的降尿酸药物治疗存在诸多争议。因此，在饮食及生活方式上进行改善是无症状高尿酸血症治疗的优选方法。
近年来，随着对肠道菌群与人体健康关系的深入研究，大量研究证实了益生菌通过调节肠道菌群对人体健康的改善功能。高尿酸血症的发病与肠道菌群结构紊乱密切相关，而食入益生菌可通过增殖肠道中的乳杆菌和双歧杆菌调节肠道微生物群，改善肠道屏障功能，减少内毒素等代谢物随血液进入肝脏，有效降低血尿酸值。肠道菌群的代谢物短链脂肪酸在调节宿主代谢、免疫系统和细胞增殖方面也具有关键作用。有研究表明，乙酸钠的干预能够降低血清尿酸并抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性。尿酸在人体内的排泄主要通过肾脏及肠道的排泄作用，ABCG2作为尿酸转运蛋白在尿酸的肠排泄中发挥着重要作用，肠道ABCG2的表达被认为是治疗高尿酸血症及痛风的新靶点，但目前针对肠道ABCG2的药物尚未有发现。
益生菌具有安全、无副作用等特点，目前已有大量临床及动物实验研究表明，益生菌具有缓解肥胖、非酒精性脂肪肝、炎症性肠病等作用。随着对益生菌研究的不断深入，通过益生菌来改善高尿酸血症患者的健康状况，成为高尿酸血症治疗及预防痛风发生的新手段。
发明内容
本发明提供了格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133(Lactobacillus gasseri)，已于2020年7月22日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心，保藏编号为GDMCC No：61094。
所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133具有如下特性：
(1)菌体特征：呈革兰氏染色阳性，不形成孢子，非运动性的细菌。
(2)菌落特征：呈灰白色、圆形、有光泽，具有略微起伏且具有不光滑的边缘。
(3)生长特性：在37℃恒温厌氧条件下，在MRS培养基培养约12h到达对数末期。
(4)对模拟胃肠液具有较强耐受能力。
本发明还提供了含有所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的组合物。
在一种实施方式中，所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的数量≥1×10 6CFU/mL或≥1×10 6CFU/g。
在一种实施方式中，所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的数量≥1×10 9CFU/mL或≥1×10 9CFU/g。
在一种实施方式中，所述组合物包括但不限于微生物制剂、功能性食品、保健品或药物。
在一种实施方式中，所述组合物中含有所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的活菌株、干菌株、菌株代谢物或灭活的菌株。
在一种实施方式中，所述组合物是含格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的3％蔗糖溶液。
本发明还提供了所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133在制备预防和/或治疗缓解高尿酸血症、痛风药物中的应用。
在一种实施方式中，所述应用包括但不限于如下至少一种作用：
(1)降低高尿酸血症哺乳动物血清尿酸水平；
(2)降低高尿酸血症哺乳动物血清及肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性；
(3)降低高尿酸血症哺乳动物的血糖水平；
(4)降低高尿酸血症哺乳动物的甘油三酯水平；
(5)促进高尿酸血症哺乳动物肠道短链脂肪酸的产生；
(6)提高高尿酸血症哺乳动物肝脏的过氧化氢酶(CAT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力；
(7)提高高尿酸血症哺乳动物回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2的表达。
在一种实施方式中，所述哺乳动物包括但不限于人类。
在一种实施方式中，所述药物还含有药学上可接受的载体。
在一种实施方式中，所述药学上可接受的载体包括但不限于：填充剂、润湿剂、崩解剂、粘合剂或润滑剂中的一种或多种。
在一种实施方式中，所述填充剂为微晶纤维素、乳糖、甘露醇、淀粉或糊精中的一种或多种；所述润湿剂为乙醇或甘油中的一种或多种；所述崩解剂为羧甲基淀粉钠、交联羧甲基淀粉钠、交联聚维酮或低取代羟丙基纤维素中的一种或多种；所述粘合剂为淀粉糊、糖浆、饴糖、炼蜜或液状葡萄糖中的一种或多种；所述润滑剂为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸富马酸钠、滑石粉或二氧化硅中的一种或多种。
本发明还要求保护所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133在制备发酵食品中的应用。
在一种实施方式中，所述应用包括但不限于将所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133作为发酵微生物，利用食品原料进行发酵。
本发明还提供了一种预防和/或治疗因嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病的方法，所述方法向肠道内摄入所述的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133或所述的组合物。
在一种实施方式中，所述因嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病包括高尿酸血症和/或痛风。
在一种实施方式中，所述预防和/或治疗因嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病包括(1)～(7)任一方面：
(1)降低血清尿酸水平；
(2)降低血清及肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性；
(3)降低血糖水平；
(4)降低甘油三酯水平；
(5)促进肠道短链脂肪酸的产生；
(6)提高肝脏的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力；
(7)提高回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2的表达。
本发明的有益效果：所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够降低高尿酸血症小鼠的血清尿酸水平，抑制高尿酸小鼠血清及肝脏的黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活性，减少痛风的发生；所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够降低小鼠血糖、血清甘油三酯(TG)水平，提高肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力，有助于缓解肥胖、糖尿病及非酒精性脂肪肝炎等疾病；所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够提高小鼠肠道短链脂肪酸水平，促进小鼠健康；所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够提高回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2的表达，促进肠道尿酸的排泄。具有广泛的应用前景。
生物材料保藏
格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)CCFM1133，分类命名为Lactobacillus gasseri，已于2020年7月22日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心，保藏编号为GDMCC No：61094。
附图说明
图1是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的菌落形态；
图2是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸的影响；
图3是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠血清和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)活力的影响；
图4是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠粪便短链脂肪酸的影响；其中，A，乙 酸；B，丙酸；C，异丁酸；D，丁酸；E，异戊酸；F，戊酸；
图5是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠血糖(Glucose)的影响；
图6是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠总甘油三酯(TG)的影响；
图7是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力的影响；
图8是格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对小鼠回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2表达的影响；
其中，与高尿酸血症模型组比较，*P<0.05，**P<0.01，***P<0.001，****P<0.0001。
具体实施方式
实施例1格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的筛选
(一)乳杆菌的分离筛选
(1)取1g健康成年人的新鲜粪便。梯度稀释后涂于加有1％制霉菌素的LBS培养基，置于37℃恒温培养箱中培养48h。
(2)培养后根据菌落的颜色、大小、边缘形状等，用接种环挑取菌落划线纯化。
(3)所得菌落进行革兰氏染色和过氧化氢酶分析。
(4)保留革兰氏染色阳性杆菌和过氧化氢酶阴性菌。
(二)乳杆菌的分子生物学鉴定
(1)单菌基因组抽提
(A)将步骤(一)所筛选得到的乳杆菌培养过夜；
(B)取培养过夜的菌悬液lmL于1.5mL离心管，10000r/min离心2min，弃上清得菌体；
(C)用lmL无菌水吹洗菌体后，10000r/min离心2min，弃上清得菌体；
(D)加入200μL SDS裂解液，80℃水浴30min；
(E)加入酚-氯仿溶液200μL于菌体裂解液中，其中酚-氯仿溶液的组成成分及体积比为Tris饱和酚:氯仿:异戊醇＝25:24:1，颠倒混匀后，12000rpm离心5-10min，取上清200μL；
(F)加入400μL冰乙醇或冰异丙醇于200μL上清中，-20℃静置1h，12000rpm离心5-10min，弃上清；
(G)加入500μL70％(体积百分数)冰乙醇重悬沉淀，12000rpm离心1-3min，弃上清；60℃烘箱烘干，或者自然晾干；
(H)50μL ddH 2O重溶沉淀以备PCR。
(2)16S rDNA PCR
(A)细菌16S rDNA 50μLPCR反应体系
10×Taq buffer，5μL；dNTP，5μL；引物27F，0.5μL；引物1492R，0.5μL；Taq酶，0.5μL；模板，
0.5μL；ddH 2O，38μL。
(B)PCR条件
95℃5min；95℃10s；55℃30s；72℃30s；step2-4 30×；72℃5min；12℃2min。
(C)制备1％琼脂糖凝胶，之后将PCR产物与10000×loading buffer混合，上样量2μL，120V跑30min，然后进行凝胶成像；
(D)将得到PCR产物送专业测序公司，将得到的测序结果与使用BLAST在GenBank中进行搜索和相似性比对，将鉴定为格氏乳杆菌的菌株-80℃保存。
(3)全基因组测序
将提取的全基因组送专业测序公司，利用二代测序仪对菌的全基因组进行测序，将得到的序列结果使用BLAST在GenBank中进行搜索和相似性比对，测序结果鉴定为属于格氏乳杆菌的一种新发现的菌株-80℃保藏备用。
实施例2：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对模拟胃肠液具有良好的耐受性
将冷冻保存的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133接种于MRS培养基中，在温度37℃厌氧培养14h，再经MRS培养液传代培养2～3次后。
取3mL格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的培养液8000×g离心2min收集菌体，与3mL pH 3.0人工模拟胃液(含3g/L胃蛋白酶、pH＝3.0的生理盐水)混合，并在37℃下厌氧培养，分别在0h、2h时取样，用MRS琼脂培养基浇注培养进行平板菌落计数，测定活菌数并计算其存活率。
取3mL格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的培养液8000×g离心2min收集菌体，加入3mL pH 8.0人工模拟肠液(含胰蛋白酶1g/L、胆盐0.3％、pH＝8.0的生理盐水)混合，于37℃中厌氧培养，分别在0h、2h、4h取样，用MRS琼脂培养基浇注培养进行平板菌落计数，测定活菌数并计算其存活率。
存活率(％)以该培养液中在取样时的活菌数与在第0h时活菌数之比计算。实验结果如表1所示，结果表明，格氏乳杆菌对人工模拟胃肠液具有较好的耐受能力。
表1格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133在人工模拟胃肠液中的耐受能力
Figure PCTCN2021138680-appb-000001
实施例3：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对KunMing小鼠无毒副作用
将格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133菌体重悬于浓度为30g/L的蔗糖溶液中，制成浓度为4.0×10 9CFU/mL的菌悬液。取体重38-44g左右的健康雄性KunMing小鼠12只，适应环境一周后，分为CCFM1133组和对照组。CCFM1133组每日给予该浓度菌悬液0.3mL灌胃一次，对照组灌胃相同量的不含格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的30g/L的蔗糖溶液，观察一周，记录死亡和体重情况。
这些试验结果列于表2中。这些结果表明，喂食浓度1×10 9CFU/只的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133未对小鼠造成明显影响，体重无显著变化，无死亡现象产生。小鼠外观无明显病理症状。
表2小鼠体重变化及死亡情况
Figure PCTCN2021138680-appb-000002
实施例4：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133降低高尿酸血症小鼠的血清尿酸水平
取体重38-44g的健康雄性KM小鼠24只，适应性培养1周后，随机分为4组，分别为对照组、高尿酸血症模型组、格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133干预组(CCFM1133)和别嘌呤醇干预组(别嘌呤醇)。除对照组外，其余组每天灌胃500mg/kg BW次黄嘌呤，腹腔注射100mg/kg BW氧嗪酸钾；在次黄嘌呤及氧嗪酸钾处理前1h，对照组和高尿酸血症模型组给予0.4mL30g/L蔗糖(对照溶剂)，格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133干预组给予1×10 9CFU/只的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133菌悬液(含格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133菌体细胞的30g/L的蔗糖溶液)，别嘌呤醇组给予5mg/kg BW别嘌呤醇。实验分组及处理方法见表3：
表3实验动物分组情况
Figure PCTCN2021138680-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021138680-appb-000004
实验末期收集小鼠新鲜粪便冻存于-80℃。试验结束时，小鼠禁食不禁水12h，腹腔注射0.1mL/10g 1％的戊巴比妥钠溶液麻醉后，摘眼球取血并辅以颈椎脱臼法处死。血液样本3500r/min离心15分钟，取上清，-80℃冻存，用于血液指标分析。肝脏、回肠等组织取出后迅速于预冷的生理盐水中漂洗去血，于液氮中速冻并转移于-80℃冻存，后续制成肝匀浆测定相关指标。血清尿酸水平的测定按照试剂盒方法进行。
格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对小鼠血清尿酸水平的影响如图2，与高尿酸血症模型小鼠相比，格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133使高尿酸血症小鼠的血清尿酸浓度降低33.67％并接近对照组，其降低尿酸的作用与药物别嘌呤醇相近，可预防和减少高尿酸血症和痛风的发生。
实施例5：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133降低高尿酸血症小鼠的黄嘌呤氧化酶活性
实验动物分组及处理方法同实施例4，黄嘌呤氧化酶(XOD)的检测按照试剂盒(北京索莱宝)的方法进行。
如图3所示，与高尿酸血症小鼠相比，格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够降低高尿酸血症小鼠的血清和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性分别降低45.30％和38.84％，使得高尿酸血症小鼠升高的血清和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活力趋近正常，其降低肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶的能力与黄嘌呤氧化酶抑制类药物别嘌呤醇接近，从而使小鼠体内尿酸合成减少，有利于高尿酸血症和痛风的预防和治疗。
实施例6：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133促进小鼠肠道短链脂肪酸的产生
实验动物分组及处理方法同实施例4。实验末期收集小鼠粪便用于短链脂肪酸分析。粪便短链脂肪酸的分析方法如下：
称取50mg粪便样品冻干；加入500μL饱和NaCl溶液，均质至无明显块状物；均质后，加入40μL 10％硫酸酸化；加入1mL的乙醚用以萃取短链脂肪酸；振荡后以12000r/min 15min4℃的条件离心；离心后取上清，将上清液加入到装有0.25g的无水硫酸钠离心管中，静置， 再次以同样条件离心；离心后将液体加入气相小瓶，上机分析。
采用Rtx-Wax柱对各短链脂肪酸进行分离，采用全扫模式(质荷比扫描范围33-110)检测各短链脂肪酸(乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸)，选取各分析物标准品的特征离子进行定量分析。
结果显示(图4)，高尿酸血症小鼠的粪便短链脂肪酸(包括乙酸、丙酸、异丁酸、丁酸、异戊酸、戊酸)水平较正常小鼠低，这说明高尿酸血症使得小鼠肠道微生物代谢物发生变化，肠道微生物产短链脂肪酸减少，而格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够逆转这种变化，并促进肠道短链脂肪酸产生，而别嘌呤醇的这种作用并不大。
实施例7：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133缓解高尿酸血症引起的血糖升高
实验动物分组及处理方法同实施例4，血糖的检测使用迈瑞BS480生化分析仪按照试剂盒的方法进行。
大量研究表明，糖尿病与高尿酸血症作为代谢性疾病，存在着各种各样的联系。长期的糖尿病引起的肾脏功能下降会使血清尿酸升高，引起高尿酸血症甚至痛风的发生，而高尿酸血症的发生也增加了糖尿病的风险。血糖结果显示(图5)，高尿酸血症小鼠血糖浓度达5.67±0.85mmol/L，而格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够使得高尿酸血症小鼠的血糖降至正常值，且作用效果优于别嘌呤醇，这说明格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133具备缓解高尿酸血症及糖尿病等代谢性疾病的潜力。
实施例8：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133缓解高尿酸血症引起的总甘油三酯升高
实验动物分组及处理方法同实施例4，血清总甘油三酯(TG)的检测使用迈瑞BS480生化分析仪按照试剂盒的方法进行。
格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133对高尿酸血症小鼠的血清总甘油三酯的影响如图6，与对照组相比，高尿酸血症小鼠具有较高的血清总甘油三酯浓度，达1.10±0.18mmol/L，格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够使其恢复至正常水平0.76±0.13mmol/L，其对总甘油三酯的恢复能力与药物别嘌呤醇相近。
实施例9：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133缓解高尿酸血症引起的肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力降低
实验动物分组及处理方法同实施例4，肝脏过氧化氢酶(CAT)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力测定按照试剂盒的方法进行。
结果显示(图7)，与对照组相比，高尿酸血症小鼠具有较低的肝脏过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘 肽还原酶活力，说明高尿酸血症使得小鼠肝脏抗氧化应激能力下降。格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133干预能够缓解高尿酸血症引起的肝脏过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽还原酶活力降低。
实施例10：格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133促进回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2的表达
实验动物分组及处理方法同实施例4。
回肠ABCG2mRNA测定：取约20mg回肠组织加入500μL Trizol，冰浴匀浆后采用常规方法提取回肠组织中的RNA。按照反转录试剂盒说明书进行cDNA合成。用荧光染料SYBR Green super mix(Qiagen,Germany)混合样本，PCR体系为5μL mix、1μL cDNA、1μL正向和反向引物，用ddH 2O补至总体积为10μL。在实时荧光定量基因扩增仪器CFX96 TM Real-Time System(Bio-Rad，USA)上进行检测，每个样本设立3个平行孔，并以GAPDH为内参，所得结果用2 -ΔΔCq的方法进行分析；所用的引物序列见表4。
表4 qPCR引物序列
Figure PCTCN2021138680-appb-000005
结果显示(图8)，格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够显著提高高尿酸血症小鼠的回肠ABCG2的mRNA水平。回肠ABCG2在肠道尿酸排泄中发挥着重要作用，格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133能够通过提高回肠ABCG2的表达从而促进尿酸排出体外。
对比例1：
具体实施方式同实施例4，区别在于，将格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133替换为格氏乳杆菌FHeNJZ11L9(报道于：周兴雅.格氏乳杆菌与副格氏乳杆菌的筛选、基因组比较及安全性评价[D].江南大学2019)，测定小鼠的血清尿酸指标，结果显示格氏乳杆菌FHeNJZ11L9组小鼠血清尿酸值为215.7±39.8μmol/L，相比于高尿酸血症模型组(244.7±61.0μmol/L)，高尿酸血症小鼠尿酸水平未发生明显变化。
对比例2
具体实施方式同实施例5，区别在于将格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133替换为格氏乳杆菌FHeNJZ11L9，测定小鼠的血清和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶的活性，结果显示格氏乳杆菌FHeNJZ11L9组小鼠血清和肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性分别为13.355±6.990U/L、0.476±0.089U/g，相比于高尿酸血症模型组(17.061±5.269U/L、0.573±0.157U/g)，格氏乳杆菌FHeNJZ11L9 分别使高尿酸血症小鼠血清及肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性降低21.72％、16.93％。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上，但其并非用以限定本发明，任何熟悉此技术的人，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内，都可做各种的改动与修饰，因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (13)

  1. 格氏乳杆菌(Lactobacillus gasseri)CCFM1133，已于2020年7月22日保藏于广东省微生物菌种保藏中心，保藏编号为GDMCC No：61094。
  2. 含有权利要求1所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的组合物。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的数量≥1×10 6CFU/mL或≥1×10 6CFU/g。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物中含有权利要求1所述格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133的活菌株、干菌株、菌株代谢物或灭活的菌株。
  5. 根据权利要求2～4任一所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述组合物包括但不限于微生物制剂、功能性食品、保健品或药物。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的组合物，其特征在于，所述药物还含有药学上可接受的载体。
  7. 权利要求1所述的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133在制备预防和/或治疗缓解高尿酸血症、痛风药物中的应用。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的应用，其特征在于，包括但不限于如下至少一种作用：
    (1)降低血清尿酸水平；
    (2)降低血清及肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性；
    (3)降低血糖水平；
    (4)降低甘油三酯水平；
    (5)促进肠道短链脂肪酸的产生；
    (6)提高肝脏的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力；
    (7)提高回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2的表达。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的应用，其特征在于，所述哺乳动物包括但不限于人类。
  10. 权利要求1所述的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133在制备发酵食品中的应用。
  11. 一种预防和/或治疗因嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病的方法，其特征在于，向肠道内摄入权利要求1所述的格氏乳杆菌CCFM1133或权利要求2～6任一所述的组合物。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述因嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病包括高尿酸血症和/或痛风。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预防和/或治疗因嘌呤代谢障碍引起的代谢性疾病包括(1)～(7)任一方面：
    (1)降低血清尿酸水平；
    (2)降低血清及肝脏黄嘌呤氧化酶活性；
    (3)降低血糖水平；
    (4)降低甘油三酯水平；
    (5)促进肠道短链脂肪酸的产生；
    (6)提高肝脏的过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活力；
    (7)提高回肠尿酸转运蛋白ABCG2的表达。
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