WO2022054641A1 - 加工装置及び加工方法 - Google Patents
加工装置及び加工方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022054641A1 WO2022054641A1 PCT/JP2021/031898 JP2021031898W WO2022054641A1 WO 2022054641 A1 WO2022054641 A1 WO 2022054641A1 JP 2021031898 W JP2021031898 W JP 2021031898W WO 2022054641 A1 WO2022054641 A1 WO 2022054641A1
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- grinding
- substrate
- processing
- water
- wafer
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 218
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 235
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011112 process operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
- B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
- B24B49/03—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent according to the final size of the previously ground workpiece
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/04—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor involving a rotary work-table
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B7/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B7/20—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground
- B24B7/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain
- B24B7/228—Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work, including polishing plane glass surfaces; Accessories therefor characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground for grinding inorganic material, e.g. stone, ceramics, porcelain for grinding thin, brittle parts, e.g. semiconductors, wafers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67092—Apparatus for mechanical treatment
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to processing equipment and processing methods.
- Patent Document 1 communicates with a grinding wheel for grinding a workpiece held on a chuck table, a grinding water supply means for supplying grinding water to the ground surface of the workpiece and the grinding wheel, and a grinding water supply means.
- a grinding device having a grinding water source and a grinding device is disclosed.
- the technology according to the present disclosure appropriately processes the substrate into a desired shape in a processing apparatus that processes the substrate while supplying grinding water.
- One aspect of the present disclosure is a processing device for processing a substrate, which includes a grinding mechanism provided with an annular grinding wheel for processing the substrate held by a holding mechanism, and grinding for supplying grinding water to the processed surface of the substrate.
- a processing apparatus having a water supply mechanism and a regulated water supply mechanism for supplying regulated water that cools an arbitrary position on the machined surface of the substrate.
- the substrate in a processing apparatus for processing a substrate while supplying grinding water, the substrate can be appropriately processed into a desired shape.
- wafer a semiconductor substrate in which a plurality of devices such as electronic circuits are formed on the surface is ground to thin the wafer. Is being done.
- Grinding of a wafer is performed, for example, by bringing the grinding wheel of the grinding mechanism into contact with the grinding surface of the wafer while rotating the holding mechanism while holding the surface opposite to the grinding surface of the wafer by the holding mechanism. .. Further, when grinding this wafer, frictional heat and grinding debris generated by grinding are removed, and grinding water is supplied to keep the grinding atmosphere and the grinding wheel clean.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a grinding device that grinds while supplying grinding water to a work piece (wafer). According to the processing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the flow path formed through the inside of the spindle, the mount and the grinding wheel, and the grinding water supply port formed by opening at the lower part of the grinding wheel are used. Grinding water is supplied to the grinding surface of the wafer and the grinding wheel. By supplying grinding water when grinding the wafer in this way, it is possible to remove frictional heat and grinding debris generated by grinding.
- the technology according to the present disclosure appropriately processes the substrate into a desired shape in a processing apparatus that processes the substrate while supplying grinding water.
- a processing apparatus that processes the substrate while supplying grinding water.
- the wafer W as a substrate is ground and thinned.
- the wafer W is a semiconductor wafer such as a silicon wafer or a compound semiconductor wafer.
- a device is formed on the wafer W, and a surface opposite to the formation surface of the device is subjected to processing such as grinding.
- the surface of the wafer W on which the device is formed and which is held by the chuck as a holding mechanism is referred to as a "holding surface", and processing such as grinding on the side opposite to the holding surface is performed.
- the surface may be referred to as the "ground surface”.
- the processing apparatus 1 has a configuration in which the loading / unloading station 2 and the processing station 3 are integrally connected.
- a cassette C capable of accommodating a plurality of wafers W is loaded / unloaded from the outside.
- the processing station 3 includes various processing devices that perform desired processing on the wafer W.
- the loading / unloading station 2 is provided with a cassette mounting table 10. Further, on the Y-axis positive direction side of the cassette mounting table 10, a wafer transfer area 20 is provided adjacent to the cassette mounting table 10. The wafer transfer region 20 is provided with a wafer transfer device 22 configured to be movable on a transfer path 21 extending in the X-axis direction.
- the wafer transfer device 22 has a transfer fork 23 that holds and conveys the wafer W.
- the transport fork 23 is configured to be movable in the horizontal direction, the vertical direction, the horizontal axis, and the vertical axis.
- the wafer transfer device 22 is configured to be able to transfer the wafer W to the cassette C of the cassette mounting table 10, the alignment unit 50 described later, and the first cleaning unit 60 described later.
- the processing station 3 includes a transport unit 30 that transports the wafer W, a grinding unit 40 that grinds the wafer W, an alignment unit 50 that adjusts the horizontal orientation of the wafer W before the grinding process, and a pre-grinding process or a process. It has a first cleaning unit 60 for cleaning the subsequent wafer W and a second cleaning unit 70.
- the transport unit 30 is an articulated robot equipped with a plurality of, for example, three arms 31. Each of the three arms 31 is configured to be rotatable. A transport pad 32 that attracts and holds the wafer W is attached to the arm 31 at the tip. Further, the arm 31 at the base end is attached to an elevating mechanism 33 that raises and lowers the arm 31 in the vertical direction.
- the transfer unit 30 is configured to be able to transfer the wafer W to the delivery position A0 of the grinding unit 40, the alignment unit 50, the first cleaning unit 60, and the second cleaning unit 70.
- the grinding unit 40 is provided with a rotary table 41.
- a rotary table 41 On the rotary table 41, four chucks 42 as a holding mechanism for sucking and holding the wafer W are provided.
- a porous chuck is used for the chuck 42 to suck and hold the holding surface of the wafer W.
- the surface of the chuck 42 has a convex shape in which the central portion protrudes from the end portion in the side view. Although the protrusion of the central portion is small, in FIG. 2, the protrusion of the central portion of the chuck 42 is largely illustrated for the sake of clarity of explanation.
- the chuck 42 is held by the chuck base 43.
- the chuck base 43 is provided with various grinding mechanisms (a rough grinding section 80, a medium grinding section 90 and a finish grinding section 100, which will be described later) and a tilt adjusting section 44 for adjusting the relative tilt of the chuck 42.
- the tilt adjusting unit 44 can tilt the chuck 42 and the chuck base 43, whereby the relative tilt between the various grinding mechanisms at the machining positions A1 to A3 and the upper surface of the chuck 42 can be adjusted.
- the configuration of the tilt adjusting unit 44 is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily selected as long as the relative angle (parallelism) of the chuck 42 with respect to the grinding wheel can be adjusted.
- the four chucks 42 can be moved to the delivery position A0 and the processing positions A1 to A3 by rotating the rotary table 41. Further, each of the four chucks 42 is configured to be rotatable around a vertical axis by a rotation mechanism (not shown).
- the wafer W is delivered by the transport unit 30.
- a rough grinding section 80 is arranged at the machining position A1 to roughly grind the wafer W.
- a medium grinding unit 90 is arranged at the processing position A2, and the wafer W is medium-grinded.
- a finish grinding unit 100 is arranged at the processing position A3 to finish grind the wafer W.
- the rough grinding section 80 includes a rough grinding wheel 81 having an annular rough grinding wheel 81a on the lower surface, a mount 82 for supporting the rough grinding wheel 81, a spindle 83 for rotating the rough grinding wheel 81 via the mount 82, and a rough grinding wheel 83.
- a drive unit 84 containing a motor not shown.
- the rough grinding portion 80 is configured to be movable in the vertical direction along the support column 85 shown in FIG.
- the chuck 42 has a convex shape at the center of the holding surface. Therefore, when the wafer W is ground using the rough grinding portion 80, a part of the annular rough grinding wheel 81a comes into contact with the wafer W as a processing point R, as shown by the thick line portion in FIG. More specifically, the annular rough grinding wheel 81a and the outer peripheral end portion of the wafer W are in contact with each other in an arcuate shape, and the chuck 42 and the rough grinding wheel 81 are rotated in such a state to rotate the wafer W. The entire surface of the is ground.
- a first grinding water flow path 86a formed so as to penetrate in the axial direction of the spindle 83 is formed inside the spindle 83.
- a grinding water supply source 87 is connected to one end of the first grinding water flow path 86a. Further, the other end of the first grinding water flow path 86a communicates with the second grinding water flow path 86b, which will be described later, formed inside the mount 82.
- the rough grinding wheel 81 has a flange 81b and a radiation plate 81c attached to the lower center of the mount 82.
- the annular rough grinding wheel 81a is attached to the radial outer lower portion of the flange 81b.
- the diameter of the radiation plate 81c is formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the coarse grinding wheel 81a attached to the lower part of the flange 81b.
- a second grinding water flow path 86b is formed inside the mount 82.
- One end of the second grinding water flow path 86b communicates with the above-mentioned first grinding water flow path 86a.
- the other end of the second grinding water flow path 86b is connected to a dispersion chamber 88 formed as a radial slit between the mount 82 and the radiation plate 81c. Further, the dispersion chamber 88 communicates with the gap between the mount 82 as the third grinding water flow path 86c and the radiation plate 81c.
- the grinding water from the grinding water supply source 87 reaches the dispersion chamber 88 via the first grinding water flow path 86a and the second grinding water flow path 86b as shown by the black arrow in FIG. 6, and reaches the radiation plate.
- the grinding water dispersed in the dispersion chamber 88 in the radial direction is passed through the third grinding water flow path 86c, the lower surface of the mount 82, and the flange 81b by the centrifugal force accompanying the rotation of the spindle 83 (coarse grinding wheel 81). It is supplied to the rough grinding wheel 81a and the grinding surface of the wafer W.
- the grinding water from the grinding water supply source 87 is cleaned by removing grinding debris and the like generated by grinding from the third grinding water flow path 86c, the lower surface of the mount 82, the flange 81b and the rough grinding wheel 81a, and is generated by grinding.
- the frictional heat is removed from the grinding surface of the rough grinding wheel 81a and the wafer W.
- the grinding water supplied from the grinding water supply source 87 to the wafer W via the mount 82 may be referred to as “flange grinding water”.
- a thickness measuring mechanism 110 for measuring the thickness of the wafer W during or after the rough grinding process is provided at the processing position A1.
- the configuration of the thickness measuring mechanism 110 can be arbitrarily selected, but has, for example, a contact type sensor (not shown), a non-contact type sensor (not shown), and a calculation unit (not shown). There is.
- the medium grinding unit 90 has the same configuration as the rough grinding unit 80. That is, the medium grinding unit 90 has a medium grinding wheel 91 including an annular medium grinding wheel 91a, a mount 92, a spindle 93, a driving unit 94, and a support column 95. Further, inside the medium grinding unit 90, a grinding water flow path 96 for supplying the grinding water from the grinding water supply source 97 to the grinding surface of the medium grinding wheel 91a and the wafer W, and a dispersion chamber 98 are formed. There is. The grain size of the grindstone of the medium grinding wheel is smaller than the grain size of the grindstone of the coarse grinding wheel.
- the processing position A2 is provided with a thickness measuring mechanism 110 for measuring the thickness of the wafer W during or after the middle grinding process, as in the processing position A1.
- the configuration of the thickness measuring mechanism 110 can be arbitrarily selected, but has, for example, a contact type sensor (not shown), a non-contact type sensor (not shown), and a calculation unit (not shown). There is.
- the finish grinding unit 100 has the same configuration as the rough grinding unit 80. That is, the finish grinding unit 100 has a finish grinding wheel 101 including an annular finish grinding wheel 101a, a mount 102, a spindle 103, a drive unit 104, and a support column 105. Further, inside the finish grinding unit 100, a finishing grinding wheel 101a for supplying the grinding water from the grinding water supply source 107, a grinding water flow path 106 for supplying the grinding surface of the wafer W, and a dispersion chamber 108 are formed. There is. The grain size of the grindstone of the medium grinding wheel is smaller than the grain size of the grindstone of the coarse grinding wheel.
- the processing position A3 is provided with a thickness measuring mechanism 110 for measuring the thickness of the wafer W during or after the finish grinding process, similarly to the processing positions A1 and A2.
- the configuration of the thickness measuring mechanism 110 can be arbitrarily selected, and has, for example, a non-contact type sensor (not shown) and a calculation unit (not shown). Further, at the processing position A3, the thickness measuring mechanism 110 can acquire the thickness distribution of the wafer W from the measurement results (thickness of the wafer W) at a plurality of points by the sensor and calculate the TTV of the wafer W.
- the processing position A3 (finishing grinding unit 100) is provided with a adjusting water supply mechanism that supplies adjusting water to the ground surface of the wafer W during the finishing grinding process of the wafer W.
- a adjusting water supply mechanism that supplies adjusting water to the ground surface of the wafer W during the finishing grinding process of the wafer W.
- the outer nozzle 120 is provided above the chuck 42, and is configured to be able to supply the adjusting water from the adjusting water supply source 121 to the grinding surface of the wafer W on the radial outside of the finishing grinding wheel 101a. There is. Further, the outer nozzle 120 is configured so that the supply position of the adjusting water with respect to the grinding surface of the wafer W can be arbitrarily set by the operation of the supply position adjusting mechanism 122.
- the configuration of the supply position adjusting mechanism 122 is not particularly limited, and for example, by scanning and moving the outer nozzle 120 above the wafer W, the relative position of the outer nozzle 120 with respect to the grinding surface of the wafer W can be adjusted. It may be configured.
- the inclination angle of the outer nozzle 120 with respect to the grinding surface of the wafer W may be adjustable so that the supply direction of the adjusting water can be set. Further, it is preferable that the outer nozzle 120 is configured so that the supply amount of the adjusted water to the ground surface of the wafer W can be set by the flow rate adjusting mechanism 123.
- the inner nozzle 130 is provided below the finishing grinding wheel 101 so that the adjusting water from the adjusting water supply source 131 can be supplied to the grinding surface of the wafer W inside the finishing grinding wheel 101a in the radial direction.
- the inner nozzle 130 is configured so that the supply position of the adjusting water with respect to the grinding surface of the wafer W can be arbitrarily set by the operation of the supply position adjusting mechanism 132.
- the configuration of the supply position adjusting mechanism 132 is not particularly limited, and may be configured so that the supply position of the adjusting water can be set by moving the inner nozzle 130, for example.
- the inclination angle of the inner nozzle 130 with respect to the horizontal direction may be adjustable so that the supply direction of the adjusted water can be set. Further, it is preferable that the inner nozzle 130 is configured so that the supply amount of the adjusting water to the ground surface of the wafer W can be set by the flow rate adjusting mechanism 133.
- the outer nozzle 120 and the inner nozzle 130 are configured to be movable in an arbitrary direction by the operation of the supply position adjusting mechanisms 122 and 132 in order to supply the adjusting water to an arbitrary position on the grinding surface. Is desirable. However, from the viewpoint of appropriately removing grinding debris, frictional heat, etc. generated when grinding the wafer W, the outer nozzle 120 and the inner nozzle 130 are configured to be at least movable along the processing point R shown in FIG. It is especially desirable to be done.
- the method of adjusting the supply position of the adjusted water to the machined surface by the supply position adjusting mechanisms 122 and 132 and the method of adjusting the supply amount of the adjusted water to the machined surface by the flow rate adjusting mechanisms 123 and 133 can be arbitrarily determined. For example, it may be automatically adjusted according to the measurement result (in-plane thickness distribution of the wafer W) by the thickness measuring mechanism 110, or may be manually adjusted by the operator according to the measurement result.
- the supply position of the adjustment water from the outer nozzle 120 is controlled by the operation of the supply position adjustment mechanism 122, but the control method of the adjustment water supply position is not limited to this.
- a plurality of outer nozzles 120a, 120b, 120c capable of independently supplying the adjusting water to different positions of the wafer W may be provided, and in the illustrated example, three outer nozzles 120a, 120b, 120c may be provided.
- an arbitrary outer nozzle 120 is selected according to the supply position of the adjusting water, and the adjusting water is supplied from the selected outer nozzle 120 to an arbitrary position of the wafer W by controlling the switching valve 124.
- each of the plurality of outer nozzles 120 corresponds to the "adjusted water supply nozzle" according to the technique of the present disclosure. It is preferable that the outer nozzles 120a, 120b, and 120c are configured so that the supply amount of the adjusting water to the grinding surface of the wafer W can be set by the flow rate adjusting mechanism 123.
- a plurality of inner nozzles 130 for independently supplying the adjusting water to different positions of the wafer W may be provided.
- the outer nozzle 120 and / or the inner nozzle 130 as the adjusting water supply mechanism has a machining position A1 (rough grinding section 80) and a machining position A2 (medium grinding section) in addition to the machining position A3 (finish grinding section 100). It may be further provided in 90).
- the above processing device 1 is provided with a control unit 140.
- the control unit 140 is, for example, a computer equipped with a CPU, a memory, or the like, and has a program storage unit (not shown).
- the program storage unit stores a program that controls the processing of the wafer W in the processing apparatus 1. Further, a program for controlling the grinding process operation, which will be described later, is further stored in the program storage unit.
- the program may be recorded on a storage medium H readable by a computer and may be installed on the control unit 140 from the storage medium H.
- the storage medium H may be temporary or non-temporary.
- the processing apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment is configured as described above.
- the amount of flange grinding water supplied to the grinding surface is smaller than the total amount of flange grinding water supplied from the grinding water supply source, and in particular, the thickness of the central portion of the wafer W after the grinding process is the thickness of the outer peripheral portion. (The amount of grinding in the center is large). This is because the central portion of the wafer W tends to expand due to the concentration of frictional heat, and when grinding is performed by supplying only flange grinding water as described above, the amount of cooling in the central portion of the wafer W is insufficient. This is considered to be due to the fact that the expansion of the wafer W cannot be appropriately suppressed.
- the thickness is small due to the influence of the concentration of frictional heat and the like (hereinafter, the region where the thickness is small in the plane of the wafer W is referred to as a “singular point”. ), but depending on the conditions of grinding, for example, singular points may occur at other points in the plane of the wafer W.
- the TTV of the wafer W after the grinding process is obtained by supplying the adjusting water from the adjusting water supply mechanism to the predicted position of the occurrence of the singular point. I found that it could be improved. That is, for example, prior to the wafer W processing process (actual processing), the grinding processing result of the preceding wafer (for example, a dummy wafer or another wafer W previously processed by the processing apparatus 1) in the processing apparatus 1 and the TTV. It has been found that the TTV of the wafer W can be improved by predicting the position where the singularity is generated and performing the actual processing of the wafer W based on the grinding process result.
- the present inventors supply the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 as the adjusting water supply mechanism to perform the grinding process of the wafer W in the finishing grinding section 100 of the processing apparatus 1, and the grinding process result of the wafer W is performed.
- Measurement result of the thickness of the wafer W was acquired. That is, the rough grinding and the medium grinding of the wafer W are sequentially performed while supplying the flange grinding water, and the finish grinding is performed while supplying the flange grinding water and the adjusting water to obtain the finished shape of the wafer W after the finish grinding process.
- the in-plane thickness distribution was measured by the thickness measuring mechanism 110.
- the case where the outer nozzle 120 is used as the adjusting water supply mechanism will be described as an example, but of course, the inner nozzle 130 may be used as the adjusting water supply mechanism.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the grinding process result (thickness measurement result: thickness distribution) of the wafer W after performing the finish grinding process by supplying the flange grinding water and the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120.
- Experimental Example 1 is a comparative example when the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 is supplied to the central portion of the wafer W
- Experimental Example 2 is a comparative example when the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 is supplied to the outer peripheral portion of the wafer W. Shows the results of the grinding process in the case where the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 is not supplied.
- the supply amount of flange grinding water was the same in all of Experimental Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples.
- the in-plane thickness of the wafer W after the finish grinding process is made uniform by performing the finish grinding process while supplying the adjusting water to the central portion (position where the singular point is generated) of the wafer W. It was found that TTV was improved. It is considered that this is because the temperature influence that causes the deterioration of TTV can be alleviated by promoting the cooling of the central portion where the frictional heat generated by the grinding of the wafer W tends to concentrate as described above.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the grinding treatment result (thickness distribution) of the wafer W after the finish grinding treatment when the supply amount of the adjusted water to the central portion of the wafer W is changed.
- the amount of flange grinding water supplied was kept constant even when the grinding process results shown in FIG. 10 were obtained.
- the measurement result of the thickness of the wafer W after the finish grinding process greatly changes depending on the amount of the adjusting water supplied to the ground surface (above the chuck 42) of the wafer W. Specifically, it was found that by increasing the supply amount of the adjusting water to the central portion of the wafer W, the grinding amount in the central portion of the wafer W can be reduced and the TTV can be improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, it was found that the finished shape of the central portion of the wafer W becomes convex by further increasing the supply amount of the adjusting water to the central portion of the wafer W. In other words, we have found the possibility that the finished shape of the wafer W after the grinding process can be arbitrarily controlled by controlling the supply amount of the adjusted water to the wafer W.
- the verification is performed by taking as an example the case where the adjusting water is supplied to the central portion of the wafer W where the singularity is generated, but the supply position and the supply amount of the adjusting water are in the plane of the wafer W. It has been found that the shape of the wafer W after the grinding process can be arbitrarily controlled by selectively controlling the wafer W.
- the TTV of the wafer after the grinding process is measured in advance, and the adjusting water is supplied to the position where the singular point is generated (the position where the thickness is desired to be increased) based on the obtained measurement result.
- the processing apparatus 1 first, when setting up the processing apparatus 1 or setting conditions for the wafer W processing process, what is the finished shape of the wafer W after various grinding processes by the processing apparatus 1? Check if such a tendency occurs. The tendency of the finished shape is confirmed, for example, by actually grinding a dummy wafer or the like in the processing apparatus 1.
- the cassette C containing the dummy wafer is placed on the cassette mounting table 10 of the loading / unloading station 2.
- the dummy wafer is taken out from the cassette C by the transfer fork 23 of the wafer transfer device 22, and is transferred to the alignment unit 50 of the processing station 3.
- the horizontal orientation of the dummy wafer is adjusted by adjusting the position of the notch portion (not shown) formed on the dummy wafer.
- the dummy wafer whose horizontal orientation is adjusted is then conveyed from the alignment unit 50 by the transfer unit 30 and delivered to the chuck 42 at the delivery position A0. Subsequently, the rotary table 41 is rotated to sequentially move the dummy wafer held by the chuck 42 to the processing positions A1 to A3.
- the rough grinding section 80 roughly grinds the ground surface of the dummy wafer.
- the ground surface of the dummy wafer is medium-ground by the medium-grinding unit 90.
- the finishing grinding unit 100 finish-grinds the ground surface of the dummy wafer.
- Various grinding processes (rough grinding, medium grinding and finish grinding) of these dummy wafers are performed while supplying flange grinding water to the grinding surface of the dummy wafer (and the inner peripheral surface of the grinding wheel).
- the thickness measuring mechanism 110 measures the thickness of a plurality of points including the vicinity of the central portion and the peripheral portion of the dummy wafer while rotating the dummy wafer, whereby the thickness distribution of the dummy wafer is measured. And flatness (TTV) is calculated.
- the calculated thickness distribution and TTV are output to, for example, the control unit 140. Then, based on the measurement result by the thickness measuring mechanism 110, a position (singular point) where the thickness is thin is detected in the plane of the dummy wafer. The detected singularity is output to, for example, the control unit 140, and is feedback-controlled to the actual processing of the wafer W as described later.
- the chuck 42 holding the dummy wafer is then moved to the delivery position A0 by rotating the rotary table 41. After that, the dummy wafer is transferred from the delivery position A0 to the cassette C of the cassette mounting table 10 via the second cleaning unit 70 and the first cleaning unit 60, whereby the finished shape of the finished shape is performed prior to the actual processing of the wafer W.
- the trend confirmation operation ends.
- the cassette C containing a plurality of wafers W is placed on the cassette mounting table 10 of the loading / unloading station 2.
- the wafer W is taken out from the cassette C by the transfer fork 23 of the wafer transfer device 22, the horizontal direction is adjusted by the alignment unit 50, and then the wafer W is transferred to the chuck 42 at the transfer position A0 by the transfer unit 30. ..
- the rotary table 41 is subsequently rotated to sequentially move the wafer W held by the chuck 42 to the processing positions A1 to A3.
- the rough grinding portion 80 roughly grinds the ground surface of the wafer W.
- the ground surface of the wafer W is medium-ground by the medium-grinding unit 90.
- the finishing grinding unit 100 finish-grinds the ground surface of the wafer W.
- flange grinding water is applied to the grinding surface of the wafer W (and the inner peripheral surface of the grinding wheel) in the same manner as the grinding process for the dummy wafer. It is done while supplying.
- the adjusting water is further supplied to the radial position corresponding to the singular point detected by grinding the dummy wafer.
- the wafer W after the finish grinding process has a small portion (singular point) with respect to the wafer W (chuck 42) only with the flange grinding water supplied to the entire circumference of the finish grinding wheel 101. It is considered that the cooling capacity is insufficient and the wafer W (chuck 42) expands.
- the expansion of the wafer W (chuck 42) is suppressed by further supplying the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 to the predicted position of the occurrence of the singular point. It is possible to prevent the wafer W after the finish grinding process from having a small portion (singular point). That is, the TTV of the wafer W after the finish grinding process can be improved.
- the heat that causes the expansion of the wafer W (chuck 42) in the processing apparatus 1 is mainly frictional heat generated by processing the wafer W.
- the amount of frictional heat generated during processing is determined by the process conditions of the grinding process performed on the wafer W. In other words, even when the grinding process is performed on a plurality of different wafers W, the amount of frictional heat generated is considered to be substantially constant if the grinding process is performed under the same process conditions. For this reason, it is not necessary to determine the supply position and supply amount of the adjusted water for each wafer W to be ground, and as described above, the finished shape is used when setting up the processing apparatus 1 or when setting the conditions for the wafer W processing process. By confirming the tendency of the above, the TTV required for the actual processing of the wafer W can be appropriately improved.
- the supply position of the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 is preferably set immediately after the downstream side of the processing point R in the rotation direction of the wafer W (chuck 42). In other words, it is preferable to set the supply position of the adjusting water so that the frictional heat generated by the processing can be removed immediately after the frictional heat is generated (immediately after the temperature of the wafer W rises due to the frictional heat).
- the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 and / or the inner nozzle 130 may be constantly supplied during the finish grinding process for the wafer W, or may be started from the middle of the finish grinding process. That is, if the frictional heat generated during the finish grinding process can be removed and the finished shape of the wafer W can be appropriately adjusted, the supply start timing and supply time of the adjusted water to the wafer W can be arbitrarily changed. By changing the supply start timing and supply time of the adjustment water in this way, the supply amount of the adjustment water to the wafer W can be reduced, and the amount of the adjustment water used in the finish grinding process can be saved.
- the thickness measuring mechanism 110 measures the thickness of a plurality of points including the vicinity of the central portion and the vicinity of the peripheral portion of the wafer W while rotating the wafer W, whereby the thickness of the wafer W is measured.
- the thickness distribution and flatness (TTV) of the are calculated.
- the calculated thickness distribution and TTV are output to, for example, the control unit 140.
- the rotary table 41 is rotated to move the chuck 42 to the delivery position A0.
- the wafer W is conveyed from the delivery position A0 to the second cleaning unit 70 by the transfer unit 30, and is washed and dried while being held by the transfer pad 32.
- the wafer W is transported from the second cleaning unit 70 to the first cleaning unit 60 by the transport unit 30, and is cleaned using a cleaning liquid nozzle (not shown).
- the wafer W to which all the processing has been performed is transferred to the cassette C of the cassette mounting table 10 by the transfer fork 23 of the wafer transfer device 22. In this way, a series of machining processes in the machining apparatus 1 are completed.
- the thickness distribution and TTV of the dummy wafer after the finish grinding process were measured, and the supply of adjusted water during the actual processing of the wafer W was controlled based on the measurement results.
- the calculated TTV value falls within a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that no singular point is generated in the wafer W after the finish grinding process, and it is determined that the supply of the adjusting water is unnecessary. You can also do it. That is, when the calculated TTV value deviates from the threshold value, the singular point may be calculated and the supply position and supply amount of the adjusted water may be adjusted.
- the processing may be controlled under such conditions (for example, supply position, supply amount).
- the occurrence predicted position of the singular point in the grinding surface of the wafer W is determined based on the tendency of the finished shape acquired in advance by the grinding process of the dummy wafer.
- Supply conditioning water As a result, the thermal expansion of the wafer W (chuck 42) at the supply position of the adjusted water is suppressed, and as a result, the deterioration of the TTV of the wafer W due to the thermal expansion is appropriately suppressed.
- the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 (inner nozzle 130) can be supplied to an arbitrary position in the grinding surface of the wafer W.
- the adjusting water can be supplied to the position where the singular point is generated, that is, the TTV of the wafer W can be appropriately improved.
- the supply flow rate of the adjusting water supplied in the plane of the wafer W can be appropriately changed.
- the cooling amount of the wafer W can be arbitrarily set to determine the grinding amount, and the finished shape of the wafer W can be appropriately controlled.
- the flange grinding water is supplied through the flow path formed inside the various grinding mechanisms. Therefore, the grinding debris generated during the grinding process can be appropriately discharged. In addition, the inside of the grinding wheel and the mount can be kept clean.
- the supply amount of the flange grinding water to the grinding surface is the grinding water supply. It is less than the total amount of flange grinding water supplied from the source. Therefore, if it is attempted to remove the frictional heat generated during the grinding of the wafer W by using only the flange grinding water, the supply amount of the flange grinding water becomes enormous.
- the wafer W in addition to the supply of the flange grinding water, it is necessary to increase the supply amount of the flange grinding water in order to further supply the adjusting water from the adjusting water supply mechanism to the predicted position of the occurrence of the singular point. do not have. That is, the wafer W can be processed into a desired shape by appropriately removing frictional heat while appropriately cleaning the grinding wheel and the mount without using a large amount of flange grinding water.
- the technique according to the present disclosure is of a type that supplies the flange grinding water according to the present embodiment when the amount of grinding water supplied to the grinding surface of the wafer W cannot be sufficiently secured during the grinding process of the wafer W. It can be particularly preferably applied in a processing apparatus).
- this description describes a processing device that does not use flange grinding water for grinding the wafer W, specifically, a processing device that uses water supplied from the inner nozzle 130 as grinding water instead of flange grinding water, as will be described later. , Does not prevent the technology according to this disclosure from being applied.
- the thickness distribution and TTV of the dummy wafer after the finish grinding process were measured, and based on the measurement result, the finish grinding unit 100 performed the grinding process using the adjusting water.
- the grinding process using the adjusting water is not limited to the finish grinding unit 100. That is, as described above, the outer nozzle 120 and the inner nozzle 130 as the adjusting water supply mechanism are provided in the rough grinding section 80 and the middle grinding section 90, and the rough grinding process and the middle grinding process are performed using the adjusting water. good.
- the wafer W can be appropriately processed into a desired shape, particularly when it is clear that the cause of the occurrence of the singularity is the rough grinding portion 80 or the medium grinding portion 90.
- the thickness distribution and TTV of the wafer W after the rough grinding process and the medium grinding process are acquired.
- the acquisition of the thickness data may be performed by, for example, the thickness measuring mechanism 110 provided at each of the machining positions A1 and A2, or may be sequentially performed by, for example, the thickness measuring mechanism 110 provided at the machining position A3.
- the adjusted water may be supplied from the adjusting water supply mechanism based on the thickness data of the wafer W after the acquired rough grinding process and the intermediate grinding process, and the grinding process may be performed. ..
- the adjusting water for the grinding process is supplied from the outer nozzle 120
- the adjusting water may be supplied from the inner nozzle 130.
- the TTV of the wafer W after the finish grinding process can be appropriately improved as in the case of supplying the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120. ..
- the shape of the wafer W can be appropriately controlled. Specifically, for example, even if the shape of the wafer W after the finish grinding process has a tendency of the W component (singular points are generated at two points different in the radial direction), the shape of the wafer W can be changed. Can be controlled appropriately.
- the case where the wafer W is ground by using the flange grinding water from the grinding water supply source 87 has been described as an example, but as described above, the inner is used instead of the flange grinding water.
- the adjusting water from the nozzle 130 may be used as the grinding water. Specifically, when the grinding water is supplied from the inner nozzle 130 to the vicinity of the center of the machined surface of the wafer W instead of the flange grinding water, and a singular point is generated in the surface of the wafer W after the finish grinding process. Further, the adjusting water may be supplied from the outer nozzle 120 to the position where the singularity is generated.
- the inner nozzle 130 corresponds to the "grinding water supply mechanism" and the "grinding water supply nozzle" according to the technique of the present disclosure.
- the inner nozzle 130 is used as the grinding water supply mechanism in this way, in addition to supplying the adjusting water from the outer nozzle 120 to the outside in the radial direction of the finishing grinding wheel 101a, the radial direction of the finishing grinding wheel 101a It may be configured so that the adjusting water can be supplied to the inside. That is, for example, an inner nozzle for adjusting water (not shown) for supplying adjusting water may be further provided below the finish grinding wheel 101.
- the case where the dummy wafer is ground when the tendency of the finished shape in the processing apparatus 1 is confirmed has been described as an example, but the processing is performed before the one wafer W which is the improvement target of the TTV.
- the grinding process result (TTV data) of the other wafer W in which the above is performed may be fed back to the grinding process of one wafer W.
- the feedback control associated with the grinding process result of the other wafer W may be performed on the wafer W for each lot carried into the processing apparatus 1, for example, or may be performed on the wafer W sheet to be processed. ..
- the actual processing of the wafer W is started after confirming the tendency of the finished shape after the finishing grinding process using the dummy wafer, but after confirming that the acquired TTV value is within a predetermined threshold value. It is more preferable to start the actual processing of the wafer W.
- Processing equipment Chuck 100 Finishing grindstone 101a Finishing grinding wheel 107 Grinding water supply source 120 Outer nozzle 130 Inner nozzle W wafer
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Abstract
Description
42 チャック
100 仕上研削部
101a 仕上研削砥石
107 研削水供給源
120 アウターノズル
130 インナーノズル
W ウェハ
Claims (18)
- 基板を加工する加工装置であって、
保持機構により保持された前記基板を加工する環状の研削砥石を備える研削機構と、
前記基板の加工面に研削水を供給する研削水供給機構と、
前記基板の加工面上における任意の位置を冷却する調整水を供給する調整水供給機構と、を有する加工装置。 - 前記研削機構は、
前記研削砥石を支持するフランジと、
前記フランジを支持するマウントと、を備え、
前記研削水供給機構は、前記マウント、前記フランジ及び前記研削砥石を介して加工面に研削水を供給する、請求項1に記載の加工装置。 - 前記研削機構は、前記研削砥石を備える研削ホイールを含み、
前記研削水供給機構は、前記研削ホイールの下方に設けられる研削水供給ノズルから研削水を供給する、請求項1に記載の加工装置。 - 前記調整水供給機構は、前記基板の加工面に対する前記調整水の供給位置を調節する供給位置調整機構を備える、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の加工装置。
- 前記調整水供給機構は、前記基板の加工面の異なる位置に独立して前記調整水を供給する、複数の調整水供給ノズルを備える、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の加工装置。
- 前記研削機構による研削処理後の前記基板の面内厚み分布を測定する厚み測定機構を備え、
前記調整水供給機構は、前記厚み測定機構による測定結果に応じて、前記調整水の供給位置を調整する、請求項4又は5に記載の加工装置。 - 前記調整水供給機構は、前記基板の加工面に対する前記調整水の供給量を調節する流量調整機構を備える、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の加工装置。
- 前記研削機構による研削処理後の前記基板の面内厚み分布を測定する厚み測定機構を備え、
前記流量調整機構は、前記厚み測定機構による測定結果に応じて、前記調整水の供給量を自動調整する、請求項7に記載の加工装置。 - 前記調整水供給機構は、前記基板の加工面上における、環状の前記研削砥石の径方向外側に前記調整水を供給する、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の加工装置。
- 前記調整水供給機構は、前記基板の加工面上における、環状の前記研削砥石の径方向内側に前記調整水を供給する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の加工装置。
- 前記調整水供給機構による前記調整水の供給位置は、前記基板の加工面上において、前記研削機構による加工後に前記基板の厚みが相対的に小さくなる位置である、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の加工装置。
- 基板の加工方法であって、
一の基板を研削水を供給しながら加工することと、
加工後の前記一の基板の面内厚み分布を測定することと、
前記一の基板の面内厚み分布の測定結果に基づいて他の基板を加工することと、を含み、
前記他の基板の加工に際しては、前記研削水の供給に加え、加工後の前記一の基板の厚みが相対的に小さくなった位置と対応する位置に対して、調整水供給機構からの調整水を供給する、加工方法。 - 前記一の基板の面内厚み分布の測定結果に基づいて、前記他の基板に対する前記調整水の供給位置を調整する、請求項12に記載の加工方法。
- 前記一の基板の面内厚み分布の測定結果に基づいて、前記他の基板に対する前記調整水の供給量を調整する、請求項12又は13に記載の加工方法。
- 前記基板の加工は、当該基板の加工面に環状の研削砥石を当接させることにより行われ、
前記調整水を、前記他の基板の加工面上における、環状の前記研削砥石の径方向外側に供給する、請求項12~14のいずれか一項に記載の加工方法。 - 前記基板の加工は、当該基板の加工面に環状の研削砥石を当接させることにより行われ、
前記調整水を、前記他の基板の加工面上における、環状の前記研削砥石の径方向内側に供給する、請求項12~15のいずれか一項に記載の加工方法。 - 前記調整水を、前記他の基板の加工に際して常時供給する、請求項12~16のいずれか一項に記載の加工方法。
- 前記調整水を、前記他の基板の加工の途中から供給開始する、請求項12~16のいずれか一項に記載の加工方法。
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JP2014103215A (ja) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-06-05 | Tokyo Seimitsu Co Ltd | 半導体ウエハ加工装置 |
JP2017164823A (ja) * | 2016-03-14 | 2017-09-21 | 株式会社ディスコ | 研削装置 |
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JP2020093338A (ja) * | 2018-12-12 | 2020-06-18 | 株式会社ディスコ | 研削装置 |
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JP2015030055A (ja) | 2013-08-01 | 2015-02-16 | 株式会社ディスコ | 研削装置 |
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JPH05309566A (ja) * | 1992-04-21 | 1993-11-22 | Sony Corp | 研削液供給構造 |
JPH11333719A (ja) * | 1998-05-26 | 1999-12-07 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | 半導体ウェ―ハのグラインディング装置 |
JP2004200526A (ja) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-07-15 | Hitachi Cable Ltd | 半導体ウェハ研削装置及び研削方法 |
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