WO2022032707A1 - 一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法 - Google Patents

一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022032707A1
WO2022032707A1 PCT/CN2020/110421 CN2020110421W WO2022032707A1 WO 2022032707 A1 WO2022032707 A1 WO 2022032707A1 CN 2020110421 W CN2020110421 W CN 2020110421W WO 2022032707 A1 WO2022032707 A1 WO 2022032707A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grinding
sieve hole
grinding disc
jaw plate
sieve
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PCT/CN2020/110421
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
袁志洲
曹威
张�杰
李全民
刘子河
尹赵家
张桂才
黄文平
薛春
Original Assignee
南京钜力智能制造技术研究院有限公司
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Publication of WO2022032707A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022032707A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B02C15/08—Mills with balls or rollers centrifugally forced against the inner surface of a ring, the balls or rollers of which are driven by a centrally arranged member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C1/00—Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members
    • B02C1/02—Jaw crushers or pulverisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/14—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with more than one separator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/18—Adding fluid, other than for crushing or disintegrating by fluid energy
    • B02C23/24—Passing gas through crushing or disintegrating zone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C25/00—Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of vertical mills, in particular to an intelligent vertical mill device and a grinding method thereof.
  • Vertical mill is an ideal large-scale grinding equipment, widely used in cement, electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry, non-metallic minerals and other industries. It integrates crushing, drying, grinding, grading and conveying, and has high production efficiency. It can grind block, granular and powdery raw materials into required powdery materials. There are many problems with the current vertical mill for processing coarse aggregates such as stones. During the processing, the materials in the crushing area are often hardened and blocked, and the phenomenon of over-crushing and over-grinding is serious. In addition, the output per hour is low. , High energy consumption, single product size, it is difficult to adjust the vertical mill to produce different products.
  • the present application provides an intelligent vertical mill and a grinding method thereof, which effectively avoids the frequent occurrence of hardening and clogging, over-crushing, over-crushing, and over-crushing of the materials in the crushing area of the prior art when processing coarse aggregates. Grinding phenomenon, low output per hour, high energy consumption, single product size, difficult to adjust the vertical mill for different products, to adjust the vertical mill to produce different product specifications, the whole machine must be shut down and shut down for inspection and adjustment and inside the casing Poor working environment, high labor intensity and time-consuming and labor-intensive causes the defects of low production efficiency and low safety and reliability of vertical mills.
  • the present application provides a solution for an intelligent vertical grinding device and a grinding method thereof, as follows:
  • An intelligent vertical mill device comprising:
  • a grinding disc which is arranged above the frame at the bottom of the hollow housing shell 1;
  • the frame is provided with a motor
  • the hollow tube, the output end of the motor is drivingly connected with the planetary gear reduction box under the grinding table, and the grinding table is drivingly connected with the sun gear in the planetary gear reduction box, so that the grinding table can rotate with the sun gear, thereby
  • the hollow tube also rotates with the grinding disc, and the top of the hollow tube is fixedly connected with the bottom of the grinding disc;
  • the movable jaw plate is fixedly connected and covered on the outer peripheral wall of the grinding disc, and the outer surface of the movable jaw plate is provided with more than one splay-shaped helical teeth or helical helical teeth.
  • a retaining ring with a sieve hole 1 is arranged around the outer edge of the grinding disc, the sieve hole 1 is trumpet-shaped, and the inner circle of the sieve hole 1 faces the sieve hole 1
  • the aperture in the outer circle direction of the sieve is changed from small to larger, and the aperture size of the inner circle of the sieve hole 1 can allow the qualified products after grinding and processing to pass.
  • an inverse 7-shaped flat baffle ring is arranged on the inner top of the baffle ring, and a helical rack is also arranged at the lower part of the inner side of the baffle ring.
  • a mushroom cap-shaped top cover is provided at the top center of the grinding disc 5 .
  • a plurality of air pipes are arranged in the hollow pipe, and a pneumatic ball valve is arranged on the air pipes;
  • the top surface of the grinding disc is provided with a plurality of radial grooves corresponding to the air pipes one-to-one, and one end of the air pipes points to the corresponding radial grooves.
  • the inner wall of the casing is provided with a static jaw plate, and a crushing cavity is formed between the static jaw plate, the baffle ring and the movable jaw plate;
  • the bottom of the static jaw plate is on the slideway opened on the bracket, and the rear part of the static jaw plate is installed with a sliding shaft 1, and the sliding shaft 1 passes through the casing and outside the casing.
  • the piston rod of the first hydraulic jack is connected, and the distance between the static jaw plate and the retaining ring and the distance between the static jaw plate and the movable jaw plate are adjusted by the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic jack one.
  • the inner wall of the casing 1 above the crushing cavity is provided with a static sieve plate and a movable sieve plate overlapping each other, and a sliding sieve plate is installed at the rear of the movable sieve plate.
  • Shaft 2 the rear part of the sliding shaft is connected with the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 2 outside the casing 1, and the static sieve plate and the movable sieve plate are respectively provided with the same size of sieve holes 1 and 2.
  • Screen hole two, the screen hole one and screen hole two are in one-to-one correspondence and the corresponding screen hole one and screen hole two are in communication;
  • the rack surface of the movable jaw plate is installed obliquely;
  • the movable sieve plate is above the static sieve plate, and the baffle ring is provided with an elastic guide scraper plate, which is used to scrape the bulk materials on the movable sieve plate to the mutual interaction between the grinding plate and the grinding roller. on the extruded work area;
  • a fan-shaped wear-resistant lining plate with a tooth-like structure is installed on the top surface of the grinding disc;
  • An annular ventilation pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the casing, the inner side of the ventilation pipe and the air inlet joint of the casing are in a tangential direction tangential to the outer wall of the casing, and the two ends are respectively connected to the ventilation pipe
  • the air inlets communicate with the inside of the casing, and the air inlets are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the casing 1 .
  • a grinding method for an intelligent vertical grinding device comprising:
  • the material starts the motor and the planetary gear reducer to drive the grinding disc to rotate.
  • the material first falls to the mushroom-shaped top cover, and the grinding disc drives the top cover to the top cover.
  • the dispersed material is dispersed to the periphery under the action of centrifugal force, the dispersed material is rolled under the action of the grinding roller and the grinding disc, and then the material is screened out through the sieve hole 1, sieve hole 2 and sieve hole 3, and in the rolling process
  • the compressed air can be exhausted in a pulsed sequence, impacting the materials in the radial grooves, causing the material layer to boil, thereby
  • the particles in the material that meet the product requirements are turned out in time and sent out through the first sieve hole, the second sieve hole or the third sieve hole.
  • the grinding method of the intelligent vertical grinding device further comprises:
  • the air pressure sensor connected to the controller outside the casing can be pre-installed at the groove air inlet of the radial groove, and a pneumatic ball valve is installed at the front end of the air pressure sensor.
  • the controller is also pre-connected with the pneumatic ball valve and the liquid crystal. Screen control connection, the controller detects the airflow impact pressure of each groove air inlet transmitted by the air pressure sensor in real time, if the airflow impact pressure of the groove airflow inlet is higher than the preset threshold, the controller will control other pneumatic ball valves Close and only open the controller of the air supply corresponding to the air inlet of the groove, so as to automatically concentrate the air flow to strengthen the impact and conduct the corresponding radial groove.
  • the pressure of the air inlet of each groove can be displayed on the LCD screen;
  • the intelligent control includes: pre-connecting the controller with hydraulic jack 2 and hydraulic jack 1 control, and the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of hydraulic jack 2 to automatically control the size of the combined sieve hole. , the size of the combined sieve hole at that time can be displayed on the LCD screen; the controller controls the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 1 to automatically control the displacement of the static jaw plate to adjust the distance between the static jaw plate and the movable jaw plate in real time. distance, in addition, the distance between the static jaw plate and the movable jaw plate 13 can be displayed on the LCD screen;
  • the intelligent control of the main air inlet valve can be carried out.
  • the intelligent control includes: pre-installing an air inlet valve on the air supply port and an air inlet valve on the air inlet port, and installing a pressure sensor in the air supply port and the air inlet port. and speed sensor, the pressure sensor, speed sensor, air inlet valve and air inlet valve are all connected with the controller. According to the required product specifications, the controller automatically adjusts the opening of the air inlet valve and controls the air flow rate and flow rate.
  • the LCD screen displays the wind pressure and wind speed of each air inlet transmitted by its corresponding pressure sensor and speed sensor in real time.
  • the two sides of the splayed helical teeth of the present application form two directions: positive and negative.
  • the movable jaw plate can protect the grinding disc, and on the other hand, during the rotation process of the grinding disc, the materials such as coarse aggregate are in the
  • the gap between the grinding disc or the retaining ring and the lining of the casing will be larger and smaller due to the rotation of the helical teeth on the movable jaw plate, the material will become loose when it is squeezed from time to time, and the helical teeth and the retaining ring will be in the grinding disc.
  • it can also play the role of driving the material to reach the shovel up and down.
  • the helical helical teeth can also agitate the materials in the crushing cavity to avoid hardening and blockage, and at the same time combine with the static jaw plate to play a crushing role.
  • a mushroom umbrella-shaped top cover is installed in the center of the grinding table, which can accelerate the dispersion of the materials in the center of the grinding table to the surrounding, so as to quickly reach the rolling area between the grinding roller and the grinding table.
  • There are radial grooves on the grinding disc and the impact of compressed air is used to disturb the material layer, and the fine particles are turned up and blown out in time to avoid being rolled again.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial schematic diagram of the intelligent vertical mill device of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of part B of FIG. 1 .
  • the intelligent vertical mill device includes:
  • the grinding disc 5 is arranged above the frame at the inner bottom of the hollow casing 1; the top of the casing 1 is also provided with a feeding port which communicates with the inside thereof.
  • Frame 4 the frame 4 is provided with a motor; the hollow tube 11, the output end of the motor, the output end of the motor is drivingly connected to the planetary gear reduction box under the grinding table, the grinding table and the planetary gear reduction box
  • the sun gear in the middle is connected by transmission, so that the grinding disc can rotate with the sun gear, and thus the hollow tube also rotates with the grinding disc;
  • the movable jaw plate 13 is fixedly connected and covered by a screw connection. On the outer circumferential wall of the grinding disc 5, in this way, when the grinding disc rotates, the movable jaw plate 13 is also driven to rotate together.
  • the outer surface of the movable jaw plate 13 is provided with more than one splayed helical teeth.
  • the helical helical teeth 14, the two sides of the splayed helical teeth form two directions, positive and negative, on the one hand, the movable jaw plate 13 can protect the grinding disc, on the other hand, during the rotation process of the grinding disc 5, such as coarse aggregate
  • the gap between the grinding disc or the retaining ring and the inner lining of the casing of such a material will be larger and smaller due to the rotation of the helical teeth on the movable jaw 13, and the material will be squeezed and become loose from time to time.
  • the helical teeth and the retaining ring can also drive the material to lift the shovel and discharge the material downward when the grinding disc rotates.
  • the helical helical teeth 14 can also agitate the materials in the crushing chamber to avoid hardening and blockage, and at the same time, combine with the static jaw plate to play the role of crushing.
  • the sieve hole 1 is a circular cone-shaped horn, and the inner circle of the sieve hole 1 faces the sieve hole 1.
  • the hole diameter in the outer circle direction of the sieve hole is changed from small to large, and the hole diameter of the inner circle of the sieve hole 1 can allow the qualified products after grinding and processing to pass through without letting the materials larger than the qualified products pass through, such a change from small to large
  • the large structure is not easy to block the material.
  • the qualified products after grinding the processed materials by the grinding disc and the grinding roller 2 located above it are squeezed by the grinding roller 2 and impacted by the compressed air, and the pre-screening is realized from the sieve hole 1. .
  • An inverse 7-shaped flat baffle ring is arranged on the inner top of the baffle ring 15, and a helical rack 16 is also arranged at the lower part of the inner side of the baffle ring 15.
  • the helical rack and the disk surface of the grinding disc The gap between them is filled with materials to form an inter-material self-grinding structure, so that during the operation of the vertical mill, the materials constituting the self-grinding structure are squeezed and rubbed against each other, thereby reducing the wear of the retaining ring and increasing the service life of the retaining ring.
  • the top center of the grinding disc 5 is provided with a mushroom umbrella-shaped top cover 17, and the diameter of the top cover is 1/5-1/10 of the diameter of the grinding disc.
  • the material fed into the feeding port makes the material falling on the top cover at the center of the grinding disc dispersed to the periphery under the action of centrifugal force.
  • the material can withstand repeated impact, extrusion and friction of the material, and has a long service life.
  • the top cover and the grinding disc are fastened by countersunk head connecting bolts, which is convenient for maintenance.
  • the hollow pipe 11 is provided with a plurality of air pipes 18, the air pipes 18 are hoses, and a pneumatic ball valve 19 is arranged on the air pipe 18; the top surface of the grinding disc 5 has a plurality of air pipes 18 corresponding to one-to-one.
  • the radial groove 20 points to the center of the grinding disc, and one end of the gas pipe 18 points to its corresponding radial groove 20 .
  • the gas pipe 18 is composed of a bundled pipe and communicates with the rotary gas path joint installed on the other end, and then communicates with an external high-pressure gas storage tank.
  • the compressed gas with a pressure of 0.7MP-0.8MP is stored in the gas storage tank, which is opened in this way.
  • the passage of the groove 20 can make the compressed air exhaust in a pulse shape in turn, impact the material in the radial groove, and make the material layer boil, so that the particles in the material that meet the product requirements can be turned out in time and passed through the sieve hole.
  • the pulsed exhaust in sequence is to make some pneumatic ball valves open and the other part closed, so as to impact the material in the radial groove, and also avoid the impact pressure of the compressed gas because all the pneumatic ball valves are opened.
  • the problem of insufficient air pressure is prone to occur.
  • an air inlet and discharge ring like an annular lily window, which only plays the role of discharging and ventilation, without any crushing and screening functions.
  • a static jaw plate 21 is provided, a crushing cavity is formed between the static jaw plate 21, the baffle ring 15 and the movable jaw plate 13, the distance between the static jaw plate 21 and the baffle ring 15 and the The distance between the jaw plates 13 can be maintained at 40mm-50mm; the bottom of the static jaw plate 21 is on the slideway opened on the bracket, and four sliding shafts are installed at the rear of the static jaw plate 21. 22.
  • the sliding shaft 1 22 passes through the casing 1 and is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 1 23 outside the casing 1, and the static
  • the retraction buffer of the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 2 will not cause foreign objects such as hard and hard-to-break iron blocks to be stuck between the static jaw plate 21 and equipment such as the static jaw plate 21 to be damaged.
  • a static sieve plate 24 and a movable sieve plate 25 are installed on the inner wall of the casing 1 above the crushing cavity, and the second sliding shaft is installed at the rear of the movable sieve plate 25.
  • the rear part of the sliding shaft 2 is connected with the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 26 outside the casing 1, and the static sieve plate 24 and the movable sieve plate 25 are respectively provided with sieve holes 1 and 2 of the same size.
  • the second sieve hole is in one-to-one correspondence with the sieve hole 1 and the sieve hole 2, and the corresponding sieve hole 1 and the sieve hole 2 communicate with each other.
  • the dislocation degree of the static sieve plate 24 and the movable sieve plate 25 can be controlled by the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 2, and the size of the combined sieve hole formed by the combination of the sieve hole 1 and the sieve hole 2 can be adjusted.
  • the product is screened out again. Effectively avoid the single size of the products obtained in the prior art, the difficulty of adjusting the vertical mill to produce different products, and the need for the entire machine to be shut down to adjust the vertical mill to produce different product specifications, and the working environment in the casing is poor and labor-intensive. Time-consuming and labor-intensive results in the defects of low production efficiency and low safety and reliability of vertical mills.
  • One side wall of the movable jaw plate is a rack surface, and the rack surface of the movable jaw plate is installed obliquely.
  • the upper and lower walls of the movable jaw plate are still horizontal and need to slide horizontally.
  • the static jaw plate 21 and the movable jaw plate The gap between 13 will be small up and down, which will speed up the discharge and prevent clogging; the movable sieve plate 25 is above the static sieve plate 24, and the baffle ring 15 is provided with an elastic guide scraper 26.
  • the rotation of the guide scraper 26 is used to forcibly scrape the unqualified bulk materials on the movable sieve plate 25 to the working area where the grinding disc and the grinding rollers squeeze each other, thereby reducing the throughput of the bulk materials;
  • the top surface of the grinding disc 5 is installed with a serrated fan-shaped wear-resistant lining plate.
  • the serrated structure can make the material impact the sawtooth structure and be partially broken when the material is fed into the feed port. The crushing effect of grinding and crushing can speed up the pre-crushing ability of the material.
  • the acute angle of the sawtooth structure on the grinding disc will also have the effect of splitting the material under the extrusion of the grinding roller, which can increase the rotating speed of the grinding disc, increase the number of times of material rolling, and improve the Production efficiency;
  • the casing shell can be a cylindrical structure.
  • the air inlets opened on the existing casing are radial air inlets that are opened on the casing and point to the centerline of the casing to allow airflow to enter the interior of the casing.
  • the present application is improved to be on the outer wall of the casing.
  • An annular ventilation pipe is provided, and the air inlet joint between the inner side of the ventilation pipe and the cabinet shell is in a tangential direction that is tangent to the outer wall of the cabinet shell, and the two ends are respectively connected with the ventilation pipe and the inlet air inlet in the cabinet shell.
  • the air inlets are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the casing shell 1, so that when cleaning the fine-grained impurities on the grinding disc 5, the air flow sent by the air supply openings on the outside of the ventilation pipe will be reduced.
  • the air vortex will be created in the casing of the casing, and the fine particles on the grinding disc 5 will be selected and sent to the outside of the casing, and then treated by a dust collector, the fine particles on the grinding disc 5 can be
  • the grinding method of the intelligent vertical grinding device includes:
  • the grinding method of the intelligent vertical grinding device further comprises:
  • the air pressure sensor connected to the PLC controller arranged outside the casing can be pre-installed at the groove air inlet of the radial groove, and a pneumatic ball valve is installed at the front end of the air pressure sensor.
  • the PLC controller is also pre-connected with the pneumatic ball valve.
  • the PLC controller detects the air pressure sensor in real time (the air impact pressure of each groove air inlet is transmitted, if the air impact pressure at the air inlet of the groove is higher than the preset threshold, the The threshold value can be 0.4MPa, and the PLC controller controls other pneumatic ball valves to close and only opens the PLC controller corresponding to the air inlet of the groove, so as to automatically concentrate the air flow to strengthen the pulse impact and conduct the corresponding radial groove to prevent The outlet of the trachea is blocked, and the pressure of the air inlet of each groove can be displayed on the LCD screen;
  • the intelligent control includes: pre-connecting the PLC controller with hydraulic jack 2 and hydraulic jack 1, and the PLC controller controls the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of hydraulic jack 2 to automatically control the combined sieve hole.
  • the size of the combined sieve hole can be accurately displayed on the LCD screen at that time; the PLC controller controls the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the hydraulic jack 1 to automatically control the displacement of the static jaw plate to adjust the static jaw plate 21 and the stopper in real time.
  • the distance between the ring 15 and the distance between the static jaw plate 21 and the movable jaw plate 13, in addition, the distance between the static jaw plate 21 and the retaining ring 15 and the distance between the static jaw plate 21 and the moving jaw plate can be displayed on the LCD screen. the distance between the plates 13;
  • the intelligent control of the main air inlet valve can be carried out.
  • the intelligent control includes: pre-installing an air inlet valve on the air supply port and an air inlet valve on the air inlet port, and installing a pressure sensor in the air supply port and the air inlet port. and speed sensor, the pressure sensor, speed sensor, air inlet valve and air inlet valve are all connected with the PLC controller. Control the flow rate and flow of the air inlet, and the LCD screen displays the wind pressure and wind speed of each air inlet transmitted by its corresponding pressure sensor and speed sensor in real time. It can also be changed by adjusting the opening of each tangential air inlet valve.
  • the air inlet valve is automatically adjusted.

Abstract

一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法，包括磨盘（5），其设置在中空的机壳壳体（1）内底部的机架（4）的上方；机架（4），其上设置有电机；中空管（11），电机的输出端与磨盘（5）下的行星齿轮减速箱传动连接，磨盘（5）和行星齿轮减速箱中的太阳轮传动连接；动鄂板（13），其固定连接并覆盖在磨盘（5）的外周向壁上。该装置和方法，有效避免了现有技术中立磨在加工粗骨料时的下列缺陷：破碎区域内的物料常常出现板结和堵塞，台时产量低，能耗高，产品大小单一；生产不同的产品对立磨的调整困难，要调整立磨来生产出不同的产品规格必须整机停产停机入内检修调整；机壳内工作环境差，劳动强度大而费时费力，使得立磨生产效率低和安全可靠性低。

Description

一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法 技术领域
本申请涉及立磨技术领域，具体涉及一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法。
背景技术
立磨是一种理想的大型粉磨设备，广泛应用于水泥、电力、冶金、化工、非金属矿等行业。它集破碎、干燥、粉磨、分级输送于一体，生产效率高，可将块状、颗粒状及粉状原料磨成所要求的粉状物料。目前的立磨装置，用来加工如石子这样的粗骨料的问题很多，加工过程中破碎区域内的物料常常出现板结和堵塞，过破碎、过粉磨现象严重，还有就是台时产量低、能耗高、产品大小单一，生产不同的产品对立磨的调整困难，如要调整立磨来生产出不同的产品规格必须整机停产停机，维修工才能进入立磨的机壳内安装、检修或者调整，机壳内工作环境差，劳动强度大而费时费力，最终使得立磨生产效率低和安全可靠性低。
发明内容
为解决上述问题，本申请提供了一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法，有效避免了现有技术中立磨在加工粗骨料时破碎区域内的物料常常出现板结和堵塞、过破碎、过粉磨现象、台时产量低、能耗高、产品大小单一，生产不同的产品对立磨的调整困难、要调整立磨来生产出不同的产品规格必须整机停产停机入内检修调整且机壳内工作环境差、劳动强度大而费时费力就使得立磨生产效率低和安全可靠性低的缺陷。
为了克服现有技术中的不足，本申请提供了一种智能立磨装置及其磨制方法的解决方案，具体如下：
一种智能立磨装置，其包括：
磨盘，所述磨盘设置在中空的机壳壳体1内底部的机架的上方；
机架，所述机架上设置有电机；
中空管，所述电机的输出端与磨盘下的行星齿轮减速箱传动连接，所述磨盘和行星齿轮减速箱中的太阳轮传动连接，这样磨盘就能随着太阳轮一起转动，由此中空管也随着磨盘一起转动，所述中空管的顶部与所述磨盘的底部固定连接；
动鄂板，所述动鄂板固定连接并覆盖在所述磨盘的外周向壁上，所述动鄂板的外表面上设置着一个以上的八字形斜齿或者螺旋状斜齿。
根据本申请的实施例，环绕在所述磨盘的外缘上设置着带有筛孔一的挡环，所述筛孔一为喇叭状，所述筛孔一的内圆向所述筛孔一的外圆方向的孔径由小变大，所述筛孔一的内圆的孔径大小能够让磨制加工后的合格产品通过。
根据本申请的实施例，在所述挡环的内侧顶部设置了反7字形的平面挡圈，在所述挡环的内侧的下部还设置有斜齿条。
根据本申请的实施例，所述磨盘5的顶部中心设置有一蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖。
根据本申请的实施例，所述中空管内设置有多根气管，所述气管上设置着气动球阀；
所述磨盘的顶部表面开有多个与气管一一对应的径向沟槽，所述气管的一端指向其对应的径向沟槽。
根据本申请的实施例，所述机壳壳体的内壁上设置有静鄂板，所述静鄂 板、挡环和动鄂板之间形成了破碎腔；
所述静鄂板的底部处在托座上开有的滑道上，所述静鄂板的后部安装有滑动轴一，所述滑动轴一穿过机壳壳体与机壳壳体之外的液压千斤顶一的活塞杆连接，通过所述液压千斤顶一的活塞杆的伸缩来调整所述静鄂板和挡环之间的距离以及静鄂板和动鄂板之间的距离。
根据本申请的实施例，处在所述破碎腔的上方的机壳壳体1的内壁上安装有相互之间重叠的静筛板和动筛板，所述动筛板的后部安装有滑动轴二，所述滑动轴的后部与设置在机壳壳体1之外的液压千斤顶二的活塞杆连接，所述静筛板和动筛板上均分别开有同样大小的筛孔一和筛孔二，所述筛孔一和筛孔二一一对应且相对应的筛孔一和筛孔二相通；
所述动鄂板的齿条面倾斜安装；
所述动筛板在静筛板之上，所述挡环上设置有弹性导向刮料板，所述弹性导向刮料板用于将动筛板上的大块物料刮到磨盘与磨辊相互挤压的工作区域上；
所述磨盘的顶部表面安装带有据齿状结构的扇形耐磨衬板；
在机壳壳体的外壁上设有环形通风管，所述通风管的内侧与机壳壳体的进风接头为与机壳壳体的外壁保持相切的切线方向且两端分别与通风管和机壳壳体内相通的进风口，所述进风口均匀分布在所述机壳壳体1的外表面。
一种智能立磨装置的磨制方法，包括：
启动所述电机及行星齿轮减速箱从而带动所述磨盘旋转，同时在从所述投料口送入物料后，物料先落到蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖，在所述磨盘带动所述顶盖上的物料在离心力作用下向外围分散，分散的物料在磨辊和磨盘的作用下 进行碾压，然后再经由筛孔一、筛孔二和筛孔三筛出物料，并且在所述碾压过程中，还通过打开气动球阀，让压缩气体向所述磨盘的径向沟槽通入，可以让压缩空气呈脉冲状依次排气，冲击径向沟槽中的物料，使料层沸动，从而将物料中的达到产品要求的颗粒及时翻出来并经由所述筛孔一、筛孔二或筛孔三送出去。
根据本申请的实施例，所述智能立磨装置的磨制方法，还包括：
可在径向沟槽的沟槽气流入口处预先安装与设置在机壳壳体之外的控制器控制连接的气压传感器，气压传感器前端安装气动球阀，所述控制器还预先与气动球阀和液晶屏控制连接，控制器实时检测气压传感器传输来的每个沟槽气流入口的气流冲击压力，若出现沟槽气流入口的气流冲击压力高于事先设定的阈值时，控制器就控制其他气动球阀关闭而只打开该沟槽气流入口对应送气的控制器，以此来自动集中气流加强冲击从而导通对应的径向沟槽另外在液晶屏上能够显示各沟槽气流入口的压力；
可进行筛孔二和筛孔三智能控制，该智能控制包括：预先把控制器与液压千斤顶二和液压千斤顶一控制连接，控制器控制液压千斤顶二的活塞杆伸缩来自动控制组合筛孔的大小，在液晶屏上能够显示当时组合筛孔的尺寸大小；控制器控制液压千斤顶一的活塞杆伸缩来自动控制静鄂板的位移量，来实时调整所述静鄂板和动鄂板之间的距离，另外在液晶屏上能够显示所述静鄂板和动鄂板13之间的距离；
可进行总进风阀的智能控制，该智能控制包括：预先在送风口上设有进风阀和在进风口上设有进气阀，在所述送风口和进风口内均设置有压力传感器和速度传感器，所述压力传感器、速度传感器、进风阀和进气阀均与控制 器控制连接，根据需要的产品规格要求，控制器自动调整进风阀的开启度，控制进风流速流量，液晶屏屏实时显示由其对应的压力传感器和速度传感器传送来的各进风口的风压及风速。
本申请的有益效果为：
本申请的八字形斜齿的两边就形成了正反两个方向，所述动鄂板一方面能够保护磨盘，另一方面在所述磨盘旋转过程中，如粗骨料这样的物料在所述磨盘或者挡环同机壳内衬之间的间隙，就会因动鄂板上的斜齿的转动而时大时小，物料时而受到挤压时而变得松动，而且斜齿和挡环在磨盘旋转时，也能起到带动物料达到铲料上扬及向下排料作用。另外所述螺旋状斜齿还能起到挑动破碎腔内物料而避免板结、堵塞，同时与静鄂板组合起到破碎作用。本申请在磨盘中心安装了一个蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖，能加快磨盘中心的物料向四周分散作用从而快速到达磨辊和磨盘之间的碾压区域。在磨盘上开有径向沟槽，在借助压缩空气的冲击起到扰动料层，将细小颗粒及时翻起吹出，避免再次被碾压。有效避免了现有技术中立磨在加工粗骨料时破碎区域内的物料常常出现板结和堵塞、过破碎、过粉磨现象、台时产量低、能耗高、产品大小单一，生产不同的产品对立磨的调整困难、要调整立磨来生产出不同的产品规格必须整机停产停机入内检修调整且机壳内工作环境差、劳动强度大而费时费力就使得立磨生产效率低和安全可靠性低的缺陷。
附图说明
图1是本申请的智能立磨装置的部分示意图。
图2是图1的A处的放大图。
图3是图1的B处的放大图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和实施例对本申请做进一步地说明。
如图1-图3所示，智能立磨装置，其包括：
磨盘5，所述磨盘5设置在中空的机壳壳体1内底部的机架的上方；机壳壳体1的顶部还设置有与其内部相通的进料口。机架4，所述机架4上设置有电机；中空管11，所述电机的输出端所述电机的输出端与磨盘下的行星齿轮减速箱传动连接，所述磨盘和行星齿轮减速箱中的太阳轮传动连接，这样磨盘就能随着太阳轮一起转动，由此中空管也随着磨盘一起转动；动鄂板13，所述动鄂板13以螺接的方式固定连接并覆盖在所述磨盘5的外周向壁上，这样，在所述磨盘旋转时也就带动所述动鄂板13共同转动，所述动鄂板13的外表面上设置着一个以上的八字形斜齿或者螺旋状斜齿14，八字形斜齿的两边就形成了正反两个方向，所述动鄂板13一方面能够保护磨盘，另一方面在所述磨盘5旋转过程中，如粗骨料这样的物料在所述磨盘或者挡环同机壳内衬之间的间隙，就会因动鄂板13上的斜齿的转动而时大时小，物料时而受到挤压时而变得松动，而且斜齿和挡环在磨盘旋转时，也能起到带动物料达到铲料上扬及向下排料作用。另外所述螺旋状斜齿14还能起到挑动破碎腔内物料而避免板结、堵塞，同时与静鄂板组合起到破碎作用。环绕在所述磨盘5的顶部外缘上设置着带有贯通式筛孔一的挡环15，所述筛孔一为圆台型喇叭状，所述筛孔一的内圆向所述筛孔一的外圆方向的孔径由小变大，所述筛孔一的内圆的孔径大小能够让磨制加工后的合格产品通过而不会让高于合格产品大小的物料通过，这样的由小变大的结构不容易堵料，被磨盘和位于其上方的磨辊2磨制加工物料后的合格产品在磨辊2的挤压、压缩空气的冲击下，从此筛孔一中实 现了预筛分。
在所述挡环15的内侧顶部设置了反7字形的平面挡圈，在所述挡环15的内侧的下部还设置有斜齿条16，在所述挡环、斜齿条和磨盘的盘面之间的间隙内被物料填充形成物料间自磨结构，从而在立磨运行中，构成自磨结构的物料彼此挤压、摩擦，从而减少对挡环的磨损、增加挡环的使用寿命。所述磨盘5的顶部中心设置有一蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖17，所述顶盖的直径大小为磨盘直径大小的1/5-1/10，所述顶盖一方面主要起到分散从所述进料口中送入的物料，使得落在磨盘中心位置顶盖上的物料在离心力作用下向外围分散，另一方面为了保护顶盖下方的气路顺畅不堵塞，顶盖能够为耐磨合金材料，能够承受物料的多次冲击、挤压、摩擦，使用寿命长，所述顶盖与磨盘通过沉头连接螺栓紧固，维修方便。所述中空管11内设置有多根气管18，所述气管18为软管，所述气管18上设置着气动球阀19；所述磨盘5的顶部表面开有多个与气管18一一对应的指向所述磨盘中心的径向沟槽20，所述气管18的一端指向其对应的径向沟槽20。所述气管18的组成集束管并与另一端上安装的旋转气路接头贯通，再与外部的高压储气罐连通，储气罐里储存着压强为0.7MP-0.8MP的压缩气体，这样打开气动球阀19，即集束管内的气动阀控制线，通过集束管端部的多组电刷环导电来控制集束管内多个气动阀的动作，就能让压缩气体向所述磨盘5的径向沟槽20通入，可以让压缩空气呈脉冲状依次排气，冲击径向沟槽中的物料，使料层沸动，从而将物料中的达到产品要求的颗粒及时翻出来并经由所述筛孔一送出去；脉冲状依次排气就是让部分气动球阀打开而另一部分气动球阀关闭，这样来进行冲击径向沟槽中的物料，还能避免压缩气体的冲击气压由于全部气动球阀都被打开而容易出现气压不足 的问题。现有的机壳与磨盘之间是进风卸料环，如同环形的百合窗，仅起到卸料和通风作用，没有任何的破碎和筛分作用，所述机壳壳体1的内壁上设置有静鄂板21，所述静鄂板21、挡环15和动鄂板13之间形成了破碎腔，所述静鄂板21和挡环15之间的距离以及静鄂板21和动鄂板13之间的距离均能保持在40mm-50mm；所述静鄂板21的底部处在托座上开有的滑道上，所述静鄂板21的后部安装有四根滑动轴一22，所述滑动轴一22穿过机壳壳体1与机壳壳体1之外的液压千斤顶一23的活塞杆连接，通过所述液压千斤顶一23的活塞杆的伸缩来调整所述静鄂板21和挡环15之间的距离以及静鄂板21和动鄂板13之间的距离，而且在磨制加工过程中混入坚硬难破的铁块等异物时，静鄂板21可以经液压千斤顶二的活塞杆的回缩缓冲不至于出现坚硬难破的铁块等异物和静鄂板21之间卡死、静鄂板21这样的设备被损坏的情况。处在所述破碎腔的上方的机壳壳体1的内壁上安装有相互之间重叠的静筛板24和动筛板25，所述动筛板25的后部安装有滑动轴二，所述滑动轴二的后部与设置在机壳壳体1之外的液压千斤顶二26的活塞杆连接，所述静筛板24和动筛板25上均分别开有同样大小的筛孔一和筛孔二，所述筛孔一和筛孔二一一对应且相对应的筛孔一和筛孔二相通。这样就能通过液压千斤顶二的活塞杆的伸缩来控制静筛板24和动筛板25的错位程度来调整筛孔一和筛孔二组合而成的组合筛孔的大小，按要求的产品的大小调整好组合筛孔的大小，由此再次对产品进行筛除。有效避免了现有技术中得到的产品大小单一，生产不同的产品对立磨的调整困难、要调整立磨来生产出不同的产品规格必须整机停产停机且机壳内工作环境差、劳动强度大而费时费力就使得立磨生产效率低和安全可靠性低的缺陷。所述动鄂板的一边壁为齿条面，所述动鄂板的齿条面倾斜安装，所述动 鄂板的上下壁面还是水平的、要水平滑动的，静鄂板21和动鄂板13之间的间隙就会上小下大，加快排料防堵塞；所述动筛板25在静筛板24之上，所述挡环15上设置有弹性导向刮料板26，所述弹性导向刮料板26转动用于将动筛板25上的不符合要求的大块物料强制刮到磨盘与磨辊相互挤压的工作区域上，由此能减少大块物料的通过量；所述磨盘5的顶部表面安装带有锯齿状的扇形耐磨衬板，锯齿状的结构可以在进料口送入物料时物料冲击锯齿结构而部分破碎，另外在磨辊与磨盘之间可增加物料后期的碾压破碎效果，加快物料的预破碎能力，磨盘上的锯齿结构的锐角在磨辊的挤压下物料还会有被劈裂的效果，从而可以提高磨盘转速、增加物料碾压次数、提高生产效率；所述机壳壳体能够为圆柱体结构。
现有的机壳壳体上开有的进风口为在机壳上开设的指向机壳中心线的径向进风口而让气流进入机壳内部，本申请改进为在机壳壳体的外壁上设有环形通风管，所述通风管的内侧与机壳壳体的进风接头为与机壳壳体的外壁保持相切的切线方向且两端分别与通风管和机壳壳体内相通的进风口，所述进风口均匀分布在所述机壳壳体1的外表面，这样在清理所述磨盘5上的细颗粒杂质时，所述通风管外侧上开有的送风口送入的气流就会在机壳壳体内造成气流漩涡，磨盘5上的细颗粒就会被选出并送到机壳壳外，再用收尘器处理，就能清理磨盘5上的细颗粒。
智能立磨装置的磨制方法，包括：
启动所述电机来带动所述磨盘旋转，同时在从所述投料口送入物料后，物料先落到蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖17，在所述磨盘5带动所述顶盖17的让物料在离心力作用下向外围分散，分散的物料在磨辊2和磨盘5的作用下进行碾压，然 后再经由筛孔一、筛孔二和筛孔三筛出物料，并且在所述碾压过程中，还通过打开气动球阀19，让压缩气体向所述磨盘5的径向沟槽20通入，可以让压缩空气呈脉冲状依次排气，冲击径向沟槽中的物料，使料层沸动，从而将物料中的达到产品要求的颗粒及时翻出来并经由所述筛孔一、筛孔二或筛孔三送出去。
所述智能立磨装置的磨制方法，还包括：
可在径向沟槽的沟槽气流入口处预先安装与设置在机壳壳体之外的PLC控制器控制连接的气压传感器，气压传感器前端安装气动球阀，所述PLC控制器还预先与气动球阀和液晶屏控制连接，PLC控制器实时检测气压传感器(传输来的每个沟槽气流入口的沟槽气流冲击压力，若出现沟槽气流入口的气流冲击压力高于事先设定的阈值时，该阈值能够是0.4MPa，PLC控制器就控制其他气动球阀关闭而只打开该沟槽气流入口对应送气的PLC控制器，以此来自动集中气流加强脉冲冲击从而导通对应的径向沟槽，防止气管出口处堵塞，另外在液晶屏上能够显示各沟槽气流入口的压力；
可进行筛孔二和筛孔三智能控制，该智能控制包括：预先把PLC控制器与液压千斤顶二和液压千斤顶一控制连接，PLC控制器控制液压千斤顶二的活塞杆伸缩来自动控制组合筛孔的大小，在液晶屏上能够精准显示当时组合筛孔的尺寸大小；PLC控制器控制液压千斤顶一的活塞杆伸缩来自动控制静鄂板的位移量，来实时调整所述静鄂板21和挡环15之间的距离以及静鄂板21和动鄂板13之间的距离，另外在液晶屏上能够显示所述静鄂板21和挡环15之间的距离以及静鄂板21和动鄂板13之间的距离；
可进行总进风阀的智能控制，该智能控制包括：预先在送风口上设有进 风阀和在进风口上设有进气阀，在所述送风口和进风口内均设置有压力传感器和速度传感器，所述压力传感器、速度传感器、进风阀和进气阀均与PLC控制器控制连接，根据需要的产品如颗粒大小的规格要求，PLC控制器自动调整进风阀的开启度，控制进风流速流量，液晶屏屏实时显示由其对应的压力传感器和速度传感器传送来的各进风口的风压及风速，也可以通过调节各切向进风气阀的开启度，以此来改变气流漩涡中心位置、扰动料层、及时选出物料中间的合格产品排出磨盘外，对外部来的选粉机提供的选粉产品要求的颗粒大小、含量、级配这样的数据信息及时处理并对进风阀自动调整。
以上以用实施例说明的方式对本申请作了描述，本领域的技术人员应当理解，本公开不限于以上描述的实施例，在不偏离本申请的范围的情况下，可以做出各种变化、改变和替换。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种智能立磨装置，其特征在于，包括：
    磨盘，所述磨盘设置在中空的机壳壳体内底部的机架的上方；
    机架，所述机架上设置有电机；
    中空管，所述电机的输出端与磨盘下的行星齿轮减速箱传动连接，所述磨盘和行星齿轮减速箱中的太阳轮传动连接，这样磨盘就能随着太阳轮一起转动，由此中空管也随着磨盘一起转动，所述中空管的顶部与所述磨盘的底部固定连接；
    动鄂板，所述动鄂板固定连接并覆盖在所述磨盘的外周向壁上，所述动鄂板的外表面上设置着一个以上的八字形斜齿或者螺旋状斜齿。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的智能立磨装置，其特征在于，环绕在所述磨盘的外缘上设置着带有筛孔一的挡环，所述筛孔一为喇叭状，所述筛孔一的内圆向所述筛孔一的外圆方向的孔径由小变大，所述筛孔一的内圆的孔径大小能够让磨制加工后的合格产品通过。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的智能立磨装置，其特征在于，在所述挡环的内侧顶部设置了反7字形的平面挡圈，在所述挡环的内侧的下部还设置有斜齿条。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的智能立磨装置，其特征在于，所述磨盘的顶部中心设置有一蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的智能立磨装置，其特征在于，所述中空管内设置有多根气管，所述气管上设置着气动球阀；
    所述磨盘的顶部表面开有多个与气管一一对应的径向沟槽，所述气管的一端指向其对应的径向沟槽。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的智能立磨装置，其特征在于，所述机壳壳体的内 壁上设置有静鄂板，所述静鄂板、挡环和动鄂板之间形成了破碎腔；
    所述静鄂板的底部处在托座上开有的滑道上，所述静鄂板的后部安装有滑动轴一，所述滑动轴一穿过机壳壳体与机壳壳体之外的液压千斤顶一的活塞杆连接，通过所述液压千斤顶一的活塞杆的伸缩来调整所述静鄂板和挡环之间的距离以及静鄂板和动鄂板之间的距离。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的智能立磨装置，其特征在于，处在所述破碎腔的上方的机壳壳体的内壁上安装有相互之间重叠的静筛板和动筛板，所述动筛板的后部安装有滑动轴二，所述滑动轴的后部与设置在机壳壳体之外的液压千斤顶二的活塞杆连接，所述静筛板和动筛板上均分别开有同样大小的筛孔一和筛孔二，所述筛孔一和筛孔二一一对应且相对应的筛孔一和筛孔二相通；
    所述动鄂板的齿条面倾斜安装；
    所述动筛板在静筛板之上，所述挡环上设置有弹性导向刮料板，所述弹性导向刮料板用于将动筛板上的大块物料刮到磨盘与磨辊相互挤压的工作区域上；
    所述磨盘的顶部表面安装带有据齿状结构的扇形耐磨衬板；
    在机壳壳体的外壁上设有环形通风管，所述通风管的内侧与机壳壳体的进风接头为与机壳壳体的外壁保持相切的切线方向且两端分别与通风管和机壳壳体内相通的进风口，所述进风口均匀分布在所述机壳壳体的外表面。
  8. 一种智能立磨装置的磨制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    启动所述电机来带动所述磨盘旋转，同时在从所述投料口送入物料后，物料先落到蘑菇伞盖状的顶盖，在所述磨盘带动所述顶盖上的物料在离心力作用下向外围分散，分散的物料在磨辊和磨盘的作用下进行碾压，然后再经 由筛孔一、筛孔二和筛孔三筛出物料，并且在所述碾压过程中，还通过打开气动球阀，让压缩气体向所述磨盘的径向沟槽通入，可以让压缩空气呈脉冲状依次排气，冲击径向沟槽中的物料，使料层沸动，从而将物料中的达到产品要求的颗粒及时翻出来并经由所述筛孔一、筛孔二或筛孔三送出去。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的智能立磨装置的磨制方法，其特征在于，所述智能立磨装置的磨制方法，还包括：
    可在径向沟槽的沟槽气流入口处预先安装与设置在机壳壳体之外的控制器控制连接的气压传感器，气压传感器前端安装气动球阀，所述控制器还预先与气动球阀和液晶屏控制连接，控制器实时检测气压传感器传输来的每个沟槽气流入口的气流冲击压力，若出现沟槽气流入口的气流冲击压力高于事先设定的阈值时，控制器就控制其他气动球阀关闭而只打开该沟槽气流入口对应送气的控制器，以此来自动集中气流加强冲击从而导通对应的径向沟槽，另外在液晶屏上能够显示各沟槽气流入口的压力；
    可进行筛孔二和筛孔三智能控制，该智能控制包括：预先把控制器与液压千斤顶二和液压千斤顶一控制连接，控制器控制液压千斤顶二的活塞杆伸缩来自动控制组合筛孔的大小，在液晶屏上能够显示当时组合筛孔的尺寸大小；控制器控制液压千斤顶一的活塞杆伸缩来自动控制静鄂板的位移量，来实时调整所述静鄂板和动鄂板之间的距离，另外在液晶屏上能够显示所述静鄂板和动鄂板之间的距离；
    可进行总进风阀的智能控制，该智能控制包括：预先在送风口上设有进风阀和在进风口上设有进气阀，在所述送风口和进风口内均设置有压力传感器和速度传感器，所述压力传感器、速度传感器、进风阀和进气阀均与控制 器控制连接，根据需要的产品规格要求，控制器自动调整进风阀的开启度，控制进风流速流量，液晶屏屏实时显示由其对应的压力传感器和速度传感器传送来的各进风口的风压及风速。
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