WO2021177210A1 - 組合せ用油性食品素材およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
組合せ用油性食品素材およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021177210A1 WO2021177210A1 PCT/JP2021/007636 JP2021007636W WO2021177210A1 WO 2021177210 A1 WO2021177210 A1 WO 2021177210A1 JP 2021007636 W JP2021007636 W JP 2021007636W WO 2021177210 A1 WO2021177210 A1 WO 2021177210A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G1/00—Cocoa; Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/30—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor
- A23G1/32—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G1/36—Cocoa products, e.g. chocolate; Substitutes therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fats used
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G9/327—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fatty product used, e.g. fat, fatty acid, fatty alcohol, their esters, lecithin, glycerides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing water-in-oil hydrous chocolates for combination with other foods, particularly frozen desserts.
- hydrous chocolate As a prior art, there is a category of chocolate-like foods called hydrous chocolate. One of them is called raw chocolate, which contains an emulsion such as fresh cream. It is a popular product in the market because it contains an aqueous component and you can enjoy a fresh texture.
- Such hydrous chocolate is often used in combination with other foods such as bread, cakes, confectionery, frozen desserts, etc., as well as being eaten alone.
- the variety of products is increasing compared to eating other foods alone, and the demand from the market is also great.
- hydrous chocolate is used for ice-coated chocolate whose main purpose is to combine with frozen desserts, the soft texture peculiar to hydrous is lost due to the generation of ice crystals, and the workability is anhydrous. It can be worse than when using ice-coated chocolate.
- a method for producing chocolate for ice coating which contains cocoa and / or cocoa mass, sugar, and fat as main components and uniformly mixes them by a conventional method
- the above main components and liquid sugar are mixed with an emulsifier.
- a method for producing chocolate for ice coating which is characterized by emulsification, is disclosed, which has a good texture, a quick drying time after coating, no cracking (cracking), and a mixture of water. It is difficult for the "bottom” (plasticization) phenomenon of chocolate itself to occur (Reference 1).
- the chocolate dough that has been rolled and conched as usual and the aqueous component are mixed in the presence of a low HLB sucrose fatty acid ester in which the main bound fatty acid has 20 to 26 carbon atoms to form a water-in-oil type.
- a method for producing hydrophilic chocolates which is characterized by emulsification, is disclosed, and it is stated that the emulsified state is extremely stable as compared with conventional ganache and that it can be used extremely advantageously for coating cold confectionery and the like (Reference 2). ).
- the quality required by these inventions can be combined with frozen desserts, it is still insufficient to cope with the increase in viscosity and the sterilization process.
- a chocolate base containing saccharides having a higher solubility in water than sugar, a sucrose fatty acid ester having an HLB value of 3 or less and a major bound fatty acid having 20 to 26 carbon atoms, and fats and oils, and an aqueous component are mixed.
- a method for producing hydrophilic chocolate which is characterized by emulsifying into a water-in-oil type, has been disclosed. As an effect, even if water is added, there is no roughness or increase in viscosity due to aggregation of solids, and workability is improved. It is said that hydrophilic chocolate having good taste and good flavor can be produced (Reference 3).
- the phospholipid content is 60% by weight or more, and the phosphatidylcholine content in the total phospholipids is 50% by weight.
- the HLB value is 3 or less and the main constituent fatty acids have 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- polyglycerin condensed ricinolate in the range of 0.05% by weight to 5.0% by weight with respect to the chocolate dough, it is possible to add the water-containing component to the chocolate dough as it is without any processing.
- Disclosed is a method for easily producing water-in-oil water-containing chocolates having the same physical properties as ordinary chocolate, stable emulsification, and good flavor (Reference 5).
- the present invention has been shown to add polyglycerin-condensed ricinolate to a general-purpose water-in-oil emulsion, it has not been particularly suggested for its suitability for combination with frozen desserts or for coating applications peculiar to frozen desserts. .. As described above, there may have been a certain effect in solving each problem, but in combination with the frozen dessert in the present invention, a sufficient sterilization process, etc., while maintaining the soft texture peculiar to the water-containing material, etc. None has yet been found that has a sufficient effect on the adverse effects on physical properties.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing water-containing water-containing chocolates in oil for combination with other foods, and particularly when combined with frozen desserts, the workability is anhydrous while having a soft texture peculiar to water-containing substances.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing hydrous chocolates whose physical properties do not change even after undergoing essential sterilization at the time of distribution, which is about the same as when used. Furthermore, it is possible to provide chocolates that are hard to crack when the entire surface is coated on frozen desserts and other frozen desserts.
- the present inventor conducted various studies to solve the above problems, and found that the non-fat cacao solid content was 8.5 to 25% by weight, the total amount of cacao mass and cocoa having a pH of 6.8 or less was 10 to 40% by weight, and the oil and fat content was contained.
- Water-in-oil type containing 30 to 55% by weight, water content of 5 to 26% by weight, and 1 to 2.5% by weight of one or more emulsifiers selected from lecithin or polyglycerin condensed ricinolate as a total amount.
- the present invention has been completed with the finding that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by using an oil-based food material for a combination of cold confectionery, which is an emulsion.
- the non-fat cacao solid content is 8.5 to 25% by weight, the total of cacao mass and cocoa having a pH of 6.8 or less is 10 to 40% by weight, the oil and fat content is 30 to 55% by weight, and the water content is.
- An oily food material for combination which is a water-in-oil emulsion containing 5 to 26% by weight, 1 to 2.5% by weight of one or more emulsifiers selected from lecithin and / or polyglycerin condensed lysinolate in total. ..
- the non-fat cacao solid content is 8.5 to 25% by weight
- the total of cacao mass and cocoa having a pH of 6.8 or less is 10 to 40% by weight
- the oil and fat content is 30 to 55% by weight
- the water content is.
- An oily food material for combination which is a water-in-oil emulsion containing 5 to 25% by weight, 1 to 2.5% by weight of one or more emulsifiers selected from lecithin and / or polyglycerin condensed lysinolate in total. ..
- the workability is about the same as when an anhydride is used, while having a soft texture peculiar to hydrated substances. Therefore, it is possible to provide hydrous chocolates whose physical properties do not change even after undergoing essential sterilization at the time of distribution.
- a new form of frozen dessert will be realized that can be coated on the entire surface of frozen desserts and other frozen desserts without cracking.
- the oil-based food material for combination is an oil-based food material characterized in that it is used in combination with other foods.
- the combination referred to here is not particularly limited, but may include coating or kneading.
- Other foods are not particularly limited as long as they are foods, but examples include donuts and breads, bakery doughs such as pies and shoe cases and their baked products, sweets such as biscuits, cookies and pretzels, wheat and rice, etc.
- the so-called "puffed-grain” which is made by heating and pressurizing the grains and then swelling them by applying a rapid depressurization treatment, fried potato chips made by slicing potatoes, or shaping the grains and starches containing potatoes.
- Examples include fried (molded) potato snacks, marshmallows, meringues, and chilled confectionery that are made by baking egg white aerated substances with stealing.
- a food material that is limited to adopting the above-mentioned combination method with these other foods is referred to as a combination oil-based food material.
- the oil-based food material for a frozen dessert combination is an oil-based food material characterized in that it is used in combination with a frozen dessert, among other foods to be combined.
- the frozen dessert refers to a food that is stored and eaten in a frozen state and a chilled state, and includes, but is not limited to, ice cream, soft serve ice cream, popsicles, frozen yogurt, sherbet, frozen dessert, and the like.
- a food material that is limited to adopting the above-mentioned combination method with the above-mentioned frozen dessert is referred to as an oil-based food material for combining the above-mentioned frozen dessert.
- the oil-based food material is a water-in-oil emulsion, and the component of the oil-based food material has a fat content of 30 to 55% by weight, preferably 35 to 55% by weight, and more preferably 45 to 50% by weight. Is preferable.
- the water content is 5 to 26% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight.
- the total of cocoa mass and cocoa is 10 to 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 35% by weight, and more preferably 15 to 30% by weight.
- the emulsification system of the emulsion can be confirmed by the electric conduction method (presence or absence of energization).
- the viscosity of the oil-based food material for combination is within the range of 100 to 3000 cP (BM type viscometer No. 2 or No. 3 30 rotations / 40 ° C. measurement), and more preferably, the viscosity is within 100 to 1500 cP, more preferably. Is preferably within 200 to 1000 cP. If it does not fall within this range, there are problems such as the product surface cannot be covered evenly for coating and coating applications, it drips after the cover, and for kneading applications, it cannot be evenly dispersed throughout the product and the commercial value is impaired. ..
- the cacao mass used in the present invention is obtained by grinding cacao nibs (endosperm portion) obtained by roasting and molting cacao beans, and means all of what is also called cacao liquor.
- Cocoa is cocoa mass excluding cocoa butter, which is the oil and fat part, and is also called cocoa powder.
- cocoa there are roughly two types of manufacturing methods for cocoa, the broma process and the Dutch process, and the cocoa (called alkaline cocoa) obtained by the Dutch process by neutralization with the alkali used in the manufacturing process is the broma process. Shows a higher pH than alkaline than the cocoa obtained by (referred to as natural cocoa).
- the pH of natural cocoa is around 5.5
- the pH of alkaline cocoa is 6.8 or higher.
- the pH of cocoa has a greater effect on the stability of emulsification than the pH of the entire aqueous phase. Therefore, when it is necessary to add cocoa, the pH of cocoa as a whole is 6.8 or less. It is preferably 5.0 to 6.0. Therefore, the amount of alkaline cocoa (referred to as having a pH of 6.8 or more in the present invention) is preferably 5% by weight or less, and most preferably substantially not contained, based on the entire oily food material.
- the oily food material for combination needs to contain cocoa mass or cocoa, and the amount thereof is 8.5 to 25% by weight, preferably 10 to 20% by weight, in terms of non-fat cacao solids. ..
- the non-fat cocoa solid content refers to the portion of the cocoa bean-derived solid content excluding cocoa butter and water.
- the oil-based food material for combination may contain a milk-derived raw material, but the blending amount is preferably 7.5% by weight or less, more preferably 4% by weight or less in terms of non-fat milk solids. ..
- the non-fat milk solid content refers to components other than milk fat and water derived from milk. Specific materials containing non-fat milk solids include milk, skim milk, concentrated milk, skim milk powder, full-fat milk powder, whey powder, and buttermilk powder.
- a conventional emulsifier for water-in-oil emulsification can be appropriately used, but preferably, the total amount of one or more emulsifiers selected from lecithin or polyglycerin condensed ricinolate is 1.0 to 2. It is preferably contained in an amount of 5% by weight, preferably 1 to 2.0% by weight, and more preferably 1.0 to 1.7% by weight.
- the polyglycerin condensed ricinolate may be abbreviated as PGPR. Further, it is desirable to add 0.7% by weight of lecithin alone and 1.5% by weight of PGPR alone as the upper limit.
- PGPR has a stronger ability to reduce the viscosity than lecithin, it is desirable that PGPR is contained in an amount of 0.5% by weight or more.
- those used for conventional water-in-oil emulsification such as fats and oils, sugars, emulsifiers, additives, and pigments, can be appropriately used as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the fats and oils used in the oily food material for cold confectionery combination of the present invention are not particularly limited as long as they are edible fats and oils as long as they satisfy the above fats and oils content.
- the pH of the oil-based food material for combination is preferably 4.5 to 6.2, and more preferably 5.0 to 6.2.
- the pH of the oil-based food material for combination can be measured with a commercially available pH meter by diluting it with water about 10 times.
- the method for producing the oil-based food material for combination of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known method can be adopted. It can be obtained by adding the remaining aqueous component to the dough, emulsifying it with a homomixer, a colloid mill, a high-pressure homogenizer, or the like, and then cooling and solidifying the emulsion to obtain a mixture. However, it is desirable to have a sterilization step of 68 ° C. or higher for 30 minutes or longer after emulsification.
- an oil-based food material for combination can be obtained without a sterilization step, a sterilization step required by law for distribution and storage for food hygiene reasons, except when it is used for immediate eating. Is required.
- the oil-based food material is anhydrous, the effect of the sterilization process on the physical properties is small and does not pose a problem, but the effect on the physical properties of conventional water-containing substances is large.
- it is possible to reduce the influence on the physical properties even if it is a hydrous substance.
- Combination oil-based food materials that do not have a prescribed sterilization process are practically difficult to store and distribute.
- it is an anhydrous oil-based food material the physical properties are not significantly impaired even in the above sterilization step, but it is difficult to exhibit the freshness of a water-containing substance in terms of flavor.
- a frozen dessert combination food can be obtained by combining an oil-based food material for a frozen dessert combination with a frozen dessert.
- the combination with the frozen dessert is not limited to a profit, but for example, it is applied by spraying it onto an object, or it is dropped and mixed in the frozen dessert to solidify it, and the drops are present in the frozen dessert in the form of granules or fragments. Examples include coating the surface of the frozen dessert by kneading it for some purposes and immersing the frozen dessert in a melted oil-based food material. If the physical properties are impaired without using the present invention, it becomes difficult to obtain the target product design such as an increase in the coating amount and the coating amount.
- Example 1 Oil and fat content> (Example 1) Tables of cocoa mass A (natural cocoa mass, pH 5.2), vegetable oil A (product name: soybean white squeezed oil, Fuji Oil Co., Ltd.), sugar, lecithin, PGPR (trade name: CRS75, manufactured by Sakamoto Yakuhin Kogyo Co., Ltd.) Mix according to 1 and produce raw chocolates according to the conventional method. Next, high fructose corn syrup (product name: Hyfruct M-75, Japan Corn Starch Co., Ltd.) fresh cream (milk fat 47%, Meiji Co., Ltd.) and water were all mixed and heated to 50 ° C. Add to the raw chocolates obtained by the above operation according to the blending amount shown in Table 1 and mix.
- the above mixture is stirred with an anchor mixer (Combimix 3M-5 type Primix Corporation) while heating, held at 68 ° C. for 30 minutes to sterilize, and then cooled at 5 ° C. to be an oil-based food material for combination.
- Water-containing chocolates were obtained.
- the combination method for frozen desserts is to heat and melt a commercially available square pillar-shaped ice bar (trade name: Vanilla Bar, manufactured by Lotte Co., Ltd., rough shape of ice part: 23 mm x 23 mm x 73 mm) whose temperature has been adjusted to -18 ° C.
- the chocolate-like food was coated by immersing it in a glass beaker filled with water-containing chocolates adjusted to 40 ° C.
- the "natural cocoa amount” in the table is the ratio (% by weight) of the total of cocoa mass and cocoa having a pH of 6.8 or less, and the "emulsifier amount” is one or more selected from lecithin or polyglycerin condensed ricinolate. It shall indicate the ratio (% by weight) of the emulsifier to the total amount.
- Example 2 Example 3, Comparative Example 1
- Table 1 hydrous chocolates were obtained in the same blending and manufacturing process as in Example 1 except that the blending amount of the vegetable oil A in Example 1 was changed.
- the oil content was 35% by weight in Example 2 and 54% by weight in Example 3 with respect to 45% by weight of Example 1.
- the obtained hydrous chocolates were viscous measured at 30 rpm / 40 ° C. using a BM type viscometer No. 2 or 3.
- Example 1 hydrous chocolates having different oil contents were obtained, but the viscosities did not particularly hinder the combined work of frozen desserts, and although Example 3 was slightly oily, A product that can withstand the market with sufficient melting and flavor was obtained. However, in Comparative Example 1, the oiliness appeared strongly, and the evaluation was unbearable on the market.
- Example 4 Oil type and viscosity>
- Example 4 hydrous chocolates were obtained by the same compounding and manufacturing process as in Example 2 except that the vegetable oil A in Example 1 was changed to cocoa butter. The oil content was equivalent to that of Example 2.
- Example 5 and Example 6 water content is contained in the same formulation and manufacturing process as in Examples 2 and 4 except that the amount of PGPR added in Examples 2 and 4 is changed from 1% by weight to 1.5% by weight.
- Chocolates were prepared and sterilized under the same conditions. The oil content was almost the same as in Example 2.
- the obtained hydrous chocolates were measured in viscosity at 30 rpm / 40 ° C. using a BM type viscometer No. 2 or 3, and the ice cream bar was coated in the same manner as in Example 1 to melt in the mouth. It was used for the texture test of the flavor. The evaluation is shown in Table 2 together with the evaluation of Example 2.
- oils and fats used in Examples 2 and 4 were different from those of vegetable oil A and cocoa butter, there was no significant difference in physical properties.
- the addition of cocoa butter gives a richer taste, but the original vegetable oil A also has a refreshing flavor and enhances the flavor of cocoa mass.
- the emulsion obtained by cocoa butter was harder than that of vegetable oil A, but had a sufficiently soft texture as compared with anhydrous.
- hydrous chocolates having a further reduced viscosity were obtained by increasing the amount of PGPR added, but the viscosity was reduced.
- the amount of basis weight (the amount of adhesion to the frozen dessert) was stable, there was no particular problem in workability, and the effect of the emulsifier on the final flavor of the hydrous chocolate was not felt.
- the viscosity varies greatly depending on the moisture absorption and the composition of raw materials, it was shown that stable production is possible by adjusting the amount of PGPR added.
- Example 10 Emulsified type> (Example 10 / Comparative Example 4)
- the formulation is similar except that the emulsification type is different (only the addition of the emulsifier is different because it acts on emulsification), and the formulation is compared with Example 10 (water-in-oil type).
- Hydrous chocolates of Example 4 oil-in-water type
- the obtained hydrous chocolates were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor.
- Example 10 and Comparative Example 4 the emulsion was examined with a tester (manufactured by Digital Multimeter Kasei Co., Ltd.) in an energized state before solidification. As a result, Example 10 did not show electrical conductivity, and Comparative Example 4 was energized. Therefore, each emulsified type was confirmed as a water-in-oil type and an oil-in-water type.
- Examples 10 and Comparative Example 4 had almost the same composition except for the emulsification type, both were good in melting in the mouth, but Example 10 which was a water-in-oil type had good solidification (referred to as dry). On the other hand, in Comparative Example 4, the viscosity was increased, the drying time was slow, and the product could not be used in product design.
- cocoa A commercially available natural cocoa, pH 5.5
- cocoa B commercially available alkaline cocoa, pH 7.0
- cocoa C commercially available alkaline cocoa, pH 8.3
- the obtained hydrous chocolates were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor.
- Example 11 From Example 11 in which all-natural cocoa mass was used in Example 11 and Example 12 in which the pH of the aqueous phase was almost the same as that of Example 11, the pH increased in the order of Comparative Example 5 and Comparative Example 6 in which alkaline cocoa was added. The stability was impaired and the oil and water separated, making the ice coating work itself impossible. Further, although the water content and the oil content are the same and the pH is about the same, the workability of Example 12 using cocoa is lower than that of Example 11 in which the cacao solid content is provided only by cocoa mass. Well, not only the flavor of cocoa mass alone but also the flavor of cocoa, which has a different tendency from that of cocoa mass, can be felt, so the degree of freedom of the product was high on both sides.
- Example 13 Comparative Example 7, Example 14, Example 15
- Table 6 water-in-oil water-containing chocolates were prepared in the same formulation and manufacturing process as in Example 1 except that citric acid, baking soda, and cocoa B were blended to adjust the pH, and under the same conditions. Sterilized.
- the pH of the aqueous system of hydrous chocolates was 4.3 in Example 13, 6.8 in Comparative Example 7, 5.9 in Example 14, and 6.2 in Example 15.
- the obtained hydrous chocolates were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor.
- Example 13 (pH 4.3) and Example 14 (pH 5.9) in which the pH of the obtained hydrous chocolate was acidic was good in melting in the mouth
- Example 15 (pH 6.2) in which the pH was slightly alkaline was slightly rough. Although it melted in the mouth, it was at a level with sufficient commercial value.
- Comparative Example 7 (pH 6.8), which has a strong alkalinity, was separated, and the quality was unsuitable for ice coating.
- Examples 16 to 23 and Comparative Examples 8 to 9 water-in-oil hydrous chocolates were prepared in the same blending / manufacturing process as in Example 1 except that the blending amounts of cocoa mass A and cocoa A were adjusted, and sterilized under the same conditions. ..
- the non-fat cocoa solids content of hydrous chocolates varied from 4.4 to 20.9.
- the obtained hydrous chocolates were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor.
- Comparative Examples 8 to 23 in which the amount of non-fat cacao solids fluctuates separation occurred in Comparative Examples 8 in which the non-fat cacao solids were 4.4% by weight and Comparative Example 9 in which the non-fat cacao solids were 6.2% by weight. It was worthless. Further, in Example 16 of 8.8% by weight, although there were disadvantages such as a decrease in the basis weight caused by a slightly low viscosity (70 cP), the mouthfeel and flavor were good. From 11.0% by weight of Example 17 to 16.7% by weight of Example 21, the viscosity was good in the mouth and the flavor was good.
- Examples 22 of 18.8% by weight and Example 23 of 20.9% by weight had good mouthfeel, flavor, etc., but had disadvantages such as an increase in the amount of basis weight caused by high viscosity (exceeding 2000 cP). However, it was found that the viscosity-dependent sluggishness in the oral cavity began to become apparent, but it was at a level that could be distributed as a commercial product.
- Examples 24 and 25 As shown in Table 8, hydrous chocolates are prepared by the same blending / manufacturing process except that fructose-glucose liquid sugar and water are added to Example 1 so that the water content becomes the same. Then, sterilization was performed under the same conditions. The obtained hydrous chocolates were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor. For comparison, the formulation and evaluation of Example 1 are also shown in Table 8.
- Example 1 in which the non-fat milk solid content was 0.4% by weight and in Example 24 in which the non-fat milk solid content was 3.9% by weight, there was no particular problem in viscosity, melting in the mouth and flavor, but the non-fat milk solid content.
- Example 25 which was 7.5% by weight, the product was at a level of commercial value, but the product felt a little grainy.
- Example 26 hydrous chocolates were prepared by the same formulation and manufacturing process as in Example 1 except that the formulation of lecithin in Example 1 was changed, and sterilized under the same conditions.
- Example 29 hydrous chocolates were prepared in the same formulation and manufacturing process as in Example 1 except that the PGPR of Example 1 was not added and the formulation of lecithin was changed, and the conditions were the same. Was sterilized.
- the hydrous chocolates obtained in each example were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 1 and subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor. For comparison, the formulation and evaluation of Example 1 are also shown in Table 9.
- Hydrous chocolates were obtained in which the amount of lecithin added increased in the order of Example 26, Example 27, Example 1, and Example 28, but the melting in the mouth and the flavor were all good.
- the viscosity only Example 28 (0.7% by weight of lecithin) was confirmed to have a slight precipitation at the time of re-dissolution, but the quality was sufficient for use as a market product.
- Example 29 the amount of lecithin was increased without adding PGPR to prepare hydrous chocolates, but the work itself was possible although the viscosity was increased, and the melting in the mouth and the flavor were good.
- Example 10 Hydrous chocolates were prepared in the same manufacturing process as in Example 5 except according to the formulation shown in Table 10, and sterilized under the same conditions. The obtained hydrous chocolates were measured for viscosity in the same manner as in Example 5, and were subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor. For comparison, the formulation and evaluation of Example 5 are also shown in Table 10.
- Example 33 From Example 33 in which the amount of PGPR added was 2% by weight, to Example 32 (1.5% by weight) and Example 31 (1.0% by weight), which were gradually reduced, the melting in the mouth was good. Although the state was maintained, Comparative Example 11 which became 0.5% by weight was found to be separated after the sterilization step and had little value as a commercial product.
- Example 12 Types of fats and oils> The vegetable oil of Example 1 was changed from soybean oil to another oil and fat for preparation. The vegetable oils and fats used are shown below.
- Example 34 After mixing 30.0 parts by weight of high oleic acid sunflower oil and 70.0 parts by weight of ethyl stearate as vegetable fat B, transesterification is performed using lipase having 1- and 3-position selectivity, and distillation is performed.
- Example 35 Extremely hardened coconut oil was used as the vegetable oil C.
- Example 36 Refined palm oil was used as the vegetable oil D.
- Example 37 Palm olein oil (iodine value: 68.0, saturated fatty acid: 36.3 parts by weight) as vegetable oil E was subjected to a random transesterification reaction using sodium methylate as a catalyst, and then decolorized as usual. It was deodorized and obtained as a refined oil, and a transesterified oil was used. Hydrous chocolates were obtained in Example 1 and the manufacturing process. It was subjected to a texture test of melting in the mouth and flavor, and its evaluation is shown in Table 12.
- Hydrous chocolates could be prepared with all vegetable oils and fats.
- the vegetable oil B had a good melting in the mouth and was of good quality with a rich feeling as a hydrous chocolate.
- the ice cream removed from the mold was immersed in hydrous chocolate or the like whose temperature was adjusted to 40 ° C., and the entire surface was coated.
- Table 14 shows the time required for solidification and the cracking of hydrous chocolates on the coated surface. Cracks indicate the state when the coating is left in a freezer set at -20 ° C for 1 hour, frozen at -80 ° C for 1 day, and then stored in a freezer set at -25 ° C for 3 days.
- soybean oil coconut oil: palm medium melting point fraction at a ratio of 1: 5: 7 was used.
- the solidification time indicates the time required for the coated hydrous chocolates and the like to stop adhering to the hands at room temperature.
- ⁇ and ⁇ in parentheses indicate whether the condition was good. ⁇ indicates that it is good, and ⁇ indicates that it is better.
- cracks each hydrous chocolate or the like was coated on 5 ice creams, and those with cracks of 2/5 or less were regarded as acceptable.
- the shape of the ice confectionery is a shape made by a general ice making mold. Furthermore, the top rectangle: 23 mm x 25 mm, the bottom rectangle: 33 mm x 35 mm, and the height 25 mm.
- Example 34 had no cracks and was excellent in solidification. Although the solidification time was inferior to that of Comparative Example 12, it was good because the speed at which solidification started was good and there was little problem of dripping of chocolates that tended to occur in the coating. In Comparative Example 12, although the solidification time was short, cracks occurred in all the ice cream.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing water-containing water-containing chocolates in oil for combination with other foods, and particularly when combined with frozen desserts, the workability is anhydrous while having a soft texture peculiar to water-containing substances. It is possible to provide a method for producing hydrous chocolates whose physical properties do not change even after undergoing essential sterilization at the time of distribution, which is about the same as when used.
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Abstract
Description
生クリームなどの乳化物を配合した生チョコレートと呼ばれるものもその1つである。水性成分を含有する事でみずみずしい食感が楽しめる為、市場で人気のある商品である。
その中でも、冷菓との組み合わせを主の目的とするアイスコーティングチョコレートに含水チョコレートを用いる場合は、氷結晶の発生などに伴い、含水物特有の柔らかな食感を失われたり、作業性が無水物のアイスコーティングチョコレートを用いた場合より悪化したりしかねない。また、長期の保存性が必要な製品の場合は、流通させるに際して殺菌工程が必要であり、これも無水物のアイスコーティングチョコレートを用いた場合に比べ、乳固形分の凝集、そしてそれに伴う粘度上昇や食感の悪化などが生じ易くなり、その難易度が高い。
また、常法通りロール掛けコンチング処理したチョコレート生地と水性成分とを、主要な結合脂肪酸が炭素原子数20~26である低HLBの蔗糖脂肪酸エステルの存在下に混合して、油中水型に乳化することを特徴とする含水チョコレート類の製造法が開示されており、従来のガナッシュに比べ極めて乳化状態が安定で且つ冷菓等へのコーティング用に極めて有利に使用し得るとある(引用文献2)。
しかしながら、これらの発明で要求される品質は冷菓との組み合わせには対応できるものの、粘度上昇や殺菌工程への対応がまだ不十分である。
しかし、ざらつきの抑制といった物性に対する効果に付いての記載はあるが、冷菓においてその効果は十分でない。
しかしこの発明は汎用的な油中水型乳化物にポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートを添加することは示されているものの、冷菓への組み合わせ用途や冷菓独特の塗布用途への適性については特に示唆されていない。
このように、それぞれの課題の解決には一定の効果があったのかもしれないが、本発明における冷菓との組み合わせにおいて、含水物特有の柔らかな食感を維持したまま、十分な殺菌工程など物性への悪影響に対して十分な効果があるものは未だ見出されていない。
さらに、氷菓及びその他の冷菓に全面コーティングした際に、ひび割れしがたいチョコレート類の提供も同時に可能とする。
(1) 無脂カカオ固形分が8.5~25重量%、pH6.8以下のカカオマスとココアの合計が10~40重量%であり、油脂含有量が30~55重量%、水含有量が5~26重量%、レシチン及び/又はポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートから選ばれる1種以上の乳化剤を合計量として1~2.5重量%を含む、油中水型乳化物である、組合せ用油性食品素材。
(2) 粘度が100~3000cP(BM型粘度計2号または3号30回転/40℃測定)の(1)記載の組合せ用油性食品素材。
(3) pHが4.5~6.2であり、無脂乳固形分が7.5重量%以下であり、冷菓組合せ用である(1)ないし(2)のいずれか1項に記載の組合せ用油性食品素材。
(4) 乳化後に68℃以上で30分以上の殺菌工程がある(1)ないし(3)記載の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材の製造方法。
(5) (4)記載の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材を冷菓と組み合わせてなる冷菓組合せ食品の製造方法である。
また換言すれば、
(1) 無脂カカオ固形分が8.5~25重量%、pH6.8以下のカカオマスとココアの合計が10~40重量%であり、油脂含有量が30~55重量%、水含有量が5~25重量%、レシチン及び/又はポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートから選ばれる1種以上の乳化剤を合計量として1~2.5重量%を含む、油中水型乳化物である、組合せ用油性食品素材。
(2) 粘度が100~2000cP(BM型粘度計2号または3号30回転/40℃測定)の(1)記載の組合せ用油性食品素材。
(3) pHが4.5~6.0であり、無脂乳固形分が7.5重量%以下であり、冷菓組合せ用である(1)ないし(2)のいずれか1項に記載の組合せ用油性食品素材。
(4) 乳化後に68℃以上で30分以上の殺菌工程がある(1)ないし(3)記載の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材の製造方法。
(5) (4)記載の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材を冷菓と組み合わせてなる冷菓組合せ食品の製造方法である。
さらに、氷菓及びその他の冷菓の全面にひび割れすることなくコーティングできる、新しい形態の冷菓が実現する。
本発明において、組合せ用油性食品素材とは他の食品と組み合わせて用いる事を特徴とする油性食品素材である。
ここでいう組合せとは、特に限定はされないが塗布または練り込みなどが挙げられる。
他の食品とは、食品であれば特に限定はされないが、一例としてはドーナツやパン、あるいはパイ、シューケース などのベーカリー生地とその焼成物、ビスケットやクッキー、プレッツエルといった菓子類、麦や米などの穀物を加熱加圧後に急激な減圧処理を施して膨化させた、所謂「ポン菓子」、芋類などをスライスしたものをフライしたポテトチップス、又は芋類を含む穀粉や澱粉類を整形してフライした(成形)ポテトスナック、卵白含気泡物を盗塁などと焼成したマシュマロやメレンゲ、冷菓などが挙げられる。これら他の食品と上記組合せ方法を採ることに限定的に用いられる食品素材を組合せ用油性食品素材と称する。
本発明において、冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材とは特に上記組合せる他の食品の中でも、特に冷菓と組み合わせて用いる事を特徴とする油性食品素材である。
冷菓とは、凍結状態およびチルド状態で保存され、喫食される食品を指し、特に限定はされないが、アイスクリームやソフトクリーム、アイスキャンディー、フローズンヨーグルト、シャーベット、氷菓などが挙げられる。
上記冷菓と上記組合せ方法を採ることに限定的に用いられる食品素材を冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材と称する。
油性食品素材は油中水型乳化物であり、油性食品素材の成分は油脂含有量が30~55重量%であり、望ましくは35~55重量%、さらに望ましくは45~50重量%であることが好ましい。また、水含有量が5~26重量%、望ましくは10~20重量%である。さらに、カカオマスとココアの合計が10~40重量%であり、望ましくは10~35重量%、さらに望ましくは15~30重量%である。また、乳化物の乳化系は電気伝導法(通電の有無)により確認することができる。
組合せ用油性食品素材は、粘度が100~3000cP(BM型粘度計2号または3号30回転/40℃測定)の範囲に収まることが望ましく、より望ましくは、粘度は100~1500cP以内、さらに望ましくは200~1000cP以内であることが好ましい。
この範囲に収まらない場合は、塗布や被覆用途では製品表面をムラなくカバーできない、カバー後に垂れ落ちる、練り込み用途であれば、製品全体に均一に分散できず商品価値を損なうといった不具合が挙げられる。
本発明に用いるカカオマスとは、カカオ豆をローストし脱皮して得られるカカオニブ(胚乳部分)を摩砕して得られるもので、カカオリカーとも呼ばれるもの全般を意味する。
ココアとはカカオマスから油脂部分であるココアバターをのぞいたものであり、ココアパウダーとも称する。また、ココアには大まかにはブロマプロセスとダッチプロセスの2種類の製造方法があり、その製造工程に用いられるアルカリによる中和によって、ダッチプロセスによって得られたココア(アルカリココアと称する)はブロマプロセスによって得られたココア(ナチュラルココアと称する)よりアルカリよりのpHを示す。一般的にはナチュラルココアはpH5.5付近であるのに対して、アルカリココアのpHは6.8以上になる。
本願発明においてはココアのpHが持つ乳化の安定性に対する影響は単に水相全体としてみた場合のpHよりも大きいため、ココアを添加する必要がある場合はココア全体としてのpHが6.8以下、望ましくは5.0から6.0である事が好ましい。
そのためアルカリココア(本発明ではpHが6.8以上のものを称する)の添加量は、油性食品素材全体に対して望ましくは5重量%以下、もっとも望ましくは実質的に含まれないことが好ましい。
組合せ用油性食品素材はカカオマスもしくはココアを配合する必要があるが、その配合量は無脂カカオ固形分換算で8.5~25重量%であり、望ましくは10~20重量%であることが好ましい。ただし、無脂カカオ固形分とは、カカオ豆由来の固形分のうちカカオバターと水分を除いた部分を指す。
組合せ用油性食品素材は乳由来原料を配合してもかまわないが、配合量は無脂乳固形分換算で、望ましくは7.5重量%以下、さらに望ましくは4重量%以下であることが好ましい。ただし、無脂乳固形分とは、乳に由来する、乳脂と水以外の成分を指す。無脂乳固形分を含む具体的な素材としては、牛乳、脱脂乳、濃縮乳、脱脂粉乳、全脂粉乳、ホエーパウダー、バターミルクパウダーを挙げることができる。
組合せ用油性食品素材は従来の油中水型乳化をする乳化剤を適宜用いることができるが、望ましくはレシチンもしくはポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートから選ばれる1種以上の乳化剤を合計量として1.0~2.5重量%、望ましくは1~2.0重量%、更に望ましくには1.0~1.7重量%含む事が好ましい。なお、ポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートはPGPRと略称されることがある。
また、レシチン単独では0.7重量%を、PGPR単独では1.5重量%を上限として添加する事が望ましい。さらに、PGPRはレシチンより粘度を低減する力が強いため、望ましくはPGPRを0.5重量%以上含有している方が望ましい。
他の原料としては、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で、油脂、糖類、乳化剤、添加剤、色素など、従来の油中水型乳化に用いられているものを適宜用いることができる。
本発明の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材に使用する油脂は、上記油脂含有量を満たしたうえでなら、食用油脂であれば特に制限はなく、例えば、菜種油、大豆油、ヒマワリ種子油、綿実油、落花生油、米ぬか油、コーン油、サフラワー油、オリーブ油、カポック油、ゴマ油、月見草油、パーム油、シア脂、サル脂、カカオ脂、椰子油、パーム核油等の植物性油脂並びに乳脂、牛脂、ラード、魚油、鯨油等の動物性油脂が例示でき、上記油脂類の単独または混合油あるいはそれらの極度硬化、分別、エステル交換等を施した加工油脂を使用することができる。なお、本発明の油性食品素材は冷菓組合せ用なので、用途的には油脂の融点が低いものの方が望ましい。融点が高いものは冷菓と組み合わせた場合口溶けが損なわれがちになる。
上記、原料のカカオ由来原料としてのpH以外に、組合せ用油性食品素材としてのpHは望ましくは4.5~6.2、更に望ましくは5.0~6.2であることが好ましい。pHが高いと組合せ用油性食品素材にざらつきが出やすくなる。
なお、組合せ用油性食品素材のpHは、水で10倍程度に希釈することで、市販のpHメーターで測定する事が可能である。
本発明の組合せ用油性食品素材の製法は特に限定されず公知の方法を採用できるが、例えば、水分を含まない油性原料、例えば、カカオ由来原料と油脂、そして油溶性の乳化剤を加え混捏した油性生地に、残余の水性成分を加えて、ホモミキサー、コロイドミル、高圧ホモゲナイザー等を用いて乳化後、乳化物を冷却固化することにより得る混合する事で得る事が出来る。ただし、乳化後に68℃以上で30分以上の殺菌工程を有する事が望ましい。
本発明においては、特に殺菌工程がなくとも組合せ用油性食品素材が得られるものの、即喫食に供される場合以外は、食品衛生上の理由から流通や保存に際し、法令で義務づけられている殺菌工程が必要となる。油性食品素材が無水の場合は殺菌工程による物性への影響が小さく、問題とならないが、従来の含水物に対しては物性への影響が大きい。
本願の方法を用いる事で、含水物であっても物性への影響を減少させることが可能である。規定の殺菌工程を持たない組合せ用油性食品素材は事実上、保存や流通が困難である。一方、無水の油性食品素材であれば、上記殺菌工程においても大きく物性を損なうことはないが、風味的に含水物のようなみずみずしさを呈する事は困難である。
冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材を冷菓と組み合わせることで冷菓組合せ食品が得られる。冷菓との組み合わせ方は得に限定はされないが、例を挙げるとスプレーで対象物に噴きつける塗布、または冷菓中に滴下・混合することで凝固させ、冷菓中に粒状ないしは破片状に存在させる滴下用途を含む練り込み、冷菓を融解状態の油性食品素材に漬けることで、冷菓表面にコーティングさせた被覆などが挙げられる。本願発明を用いずに物性が損なわれた場合は塗布量や被覆量が増加するなど目標の製品設計のものが得にくくなる。
(実施例1)
カカオマスA(ナチュラルカカオマス、pH5.2)、植物油脂A(製品名:大豆白絞油、不二製油株式会社)、砂糖、レシチン、PGPR(商品名:CRS75、阪本薬品工業株式会社製)を表1に従い配合し、常法に従い原料チョコレート類を製造する。
次いで、果糖ぶどう糖液糖(製品名:ハイフラクトM-75、日本コーンスターチ株式会社)生クリーム(乳脂肪47%、株式会社明治)、水、をすべて混合したうえで50℃に加温したものを、上記操作にて得られた原料チョコレート類に表1の配合量に従って加え混合する。
上記混合物を、加温しながらアンカーミキサー(コンビミックス3M-5型 プライミクス株式会社)にて攪拌を行い、68℃30分保持して殺菌した後、5℃にて冷却して組合せ用油性食品素材であるところの含水チョコレート類を得た。
冷菓への組合わせ方法は-18℃に温度調整した市販の四角柱型アイスバー(商品名:バニラバー、株式会社ロッテ製、アイス部分の概形:23mm×23mm×73mm)を、加温融解して40℃に調整した含水チョコレート類を満たしたガラスビーカー内に木のスティック部分まで浸けてチョコレート様食品をコーティングし、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。
口溶けと風味の評価は合わせて表1に示した。なお、表中の「ナチュラルカカオ量」はpH6.8以下のカカオマスとココアの合計の全体に占める割合(重量%)を、「乳化剤量」はレシチンもしくはポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートから選ばれる1種以上の乳化剤を合計量の全体に占める割合(重量%)を示すものとする。
表1に記載の通り、実施例1の植物油脂Aの配合量を変える以外は、実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を得た。油分は実施例1の45重量%に対して、実施例2は35重量%、実施例3は54重量%になった。
得られた含水チョコレート類はBM型粘度計2号または3号を用い、30回転/40℃にて粘度を測定した。
(実施例4)
表2に記載の通り、実施例1の植物油脂Aをココアバターに変える以外は、実施例2と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を得た。油分は実施例2と同等であった。
(実施例5・実施例6)
表2に記載の通り、実施例2・実施例4のPGPRの添加量を1重量%から1.5重量%に変える以外は、実施例2・実施例4と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。油分は実施例2とほぼ同等であった。
得られた含水チョコレート類はBM型粘度計2号または3号を用い、30回転/40℃にて粘度を測定し、また、実施例1と同様の方法でアイスクリームバーにコーティングし、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。評価は実施例2の評価とあわせて表2に示した。
実施例2に対して実施例5、実施例4に対して実施例6は、それぞれPGPRの添加量を増やすことによって更に粘度を低下した含水チョコレート類が得られたが、粘度が低下することで、目付け量(冷菓への付着量)も安定し、作業性に特に問題はなく、最終的な含水チョコレートの風味への乳化剤の影響は感じられなかった。また粘度は吸湿や原料配合により大きく変動するものであるが、PGPRの添加量の調節により安定的な生産が可能となることが示された。
(比較例2・実施例7・実施例8・実施例9・比較例3)
表3に記載の通り、実施例1の水分量が変動する様に、水や少ない場合は生クリームの配合量を変え、また油分は変動しないよう油脂Aなどの配合を変動させた以外は、実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。水分は比較例2が実質的に0である0.8重量%、実施例7は6.3重量%、そして比較の為、実施例1は11.7重量%、実施例8は19.8重量%、実施例9は25.3重量%、比較例3は29.7重量%になった。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。
ただ、水分量が多くなりすぎた比較例3(29.7重量%)までとなると、乳化の安定性を損ない油水が分離してしまい、アイスコーティングの作業自体が出来ないものであった。
(実施例10・比較例4)
表3に記載の通り、乳化の型が異なる以外は配合的が近似している(乳化に作用する為、乳化剤の添加のみが異なる)配合の、実施例10(油中水型)と、比較例4(水中油型)の含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。
なお、実施例10・比較例4は固化前に乳化物をテスター(デジタルマルチメーター カセイ(株)製)にて通電状態により調べたところ実施例10は通電性を示さず、比較例4は通電したため、それぞれの乳化型を、油中水型、水中油型と確認した。
(実施例11・12、比較例5・6)
表5に記載の通り、カカオ固形分とカカオ由来の油分(すなわちココアバター)が一定である条件のもとカカオマスの固形分の一部をpHの異なるココアに置き換えた以外は、実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて油中水型含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。含水チョコレート類の水系のpHは実施例11が5.8、実施例12が5.6、比較例5が6.8、比較例6が7.6となった。
なお、ココアA(市販ナチュラルココア、pH5.5)、ココアB(市販アルカリココア、pH7.0)、ココアC(市販アルカリココア、pH8.3)をそれぞれ用いた。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。
(実施例13、比較例7、実施例14、実施例15)
表6に記載の通り、クエン酸、重曹、ココアBを配合してpHを調節する以外は実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて油中水型含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。含水チョコレート類の水系のpHは実施例13が4.3、比較例7が6.8、実施例14が5.9、実施例15が6.2となった。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。
(実施例16~23・比較例8~9)
表7に記載の通り、カカオマスAとココアAの配合量を調節する以外は実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて油中水型含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。含水チョコレート類の無脂カカオ固形分量は4.4から20.9まで変動した。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。
11.0重量%の実施例17から16.7重量%の実施例21までは粘度も口どけ・風味は良好であった。18.8重量%の実施例22と20.9重量%の実施例23は口どけ・風味等は良好であったが、粘度が高い(2000cPを越える)ことから生じる目付け量の増大などの不利と、粘度に依存する口腔内でのもたつきなどが顕実化し始めるなどの影響が認められたが、商品としては流通可能なレベルではあった。
(実施例24・25)
表8に記載の通り、実施例1に全脂粉乳を加え、水分等が同程度になるように果糖ぶどう糖液糖と水を変動させる以外は、同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。また、比較の為、実施例1の配合と評価も表8に記した。
(実施例26、実施例27、実施例28)
表9に記載の通り、実施例1のレシチンの配合を変動させた以外は、実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。
(実施例29)
表9に記載の通り、実施例1のPGPRを添加せずに、そしてレシチンの配合を変動させた以外は、実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。
それぞれの実施例で得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。また、比較の為、実施例1の配合と評価も表9に記した。
実施例29はPGPRを添加せずにレシチンの量を増やして含水チョコレート類を作成したが、粘度は上昇したものの作業自体は可能であり、口溶けや風味は良好であった。
(比較例10・実施例30)
表10に記載の配合に従う以外は、実施例5と同じ製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を作成し、同じ条件にて殺菌を行った。
得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例5と同様の方法で粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供した。また、比較の為、実施例5の配合と評価も表10に記した。
(比較例11・実施例31・実施例32・実施例33)
表11に記載の通り、PGPRの添加量を変動させる以外は、実施例1と同じ配合・製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を得た。得られた含水チョコレート類は実施例1と同様の方法ではあるが、殺菌工程の前に粘度を測定したうえで、同じ条件にて殺菌を行い、再び粘度を測定し、口どけと風味の食感テストに供しその評価は表11に示した。
実施例1の植物油脂を大豆油から他の油脂に変更して調製を行った。使用した植物油脂は以下に示す。
実施例34:植物油脂Bとして高オレイン酸ヒマワリ油30.0重量部とステアリン酸エチル70.0重量部を混合した後、1,3位選択性のあるリパーゼを用いてエステル交換を行い、蒸留、分別、脱色、脱臭を行った分別中融点油脂A(ヨウ素価:33.0、飽和脂肪酸含量:64.2重量%)13.0重量部と、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド(ヨウ素価:0.5以下、飽和脂肪酸含量:100重量%、炭素数8と10の脂肪酸が60:40) 5.0重量部、コーン油(ヨウ素価:123.0、飽和脂肪酸:14.5重量%) 82.0重量部を混合し、ナトリウムメチラートを触媒としてランダムエステル交換反応を行った。その後、常法通り脱色、脱臭を行い、精製油として得られたエステル交換油を用いた。
実施例35:植物油脂Cとして極度硬化ヤシ油を用いた。
実施例36:植物油脂Dとして精製パーム油を用いた。
実施例37:植物油脂Eとしてパームオレイン油(ヨウ素価:68.0、飽和脂肪酸:36.3重量部)を、ナトリウムメチラートを触媒としてランダムエステル交換反応を行った後、常法通り脱色、脱臭を行い、精製油として得られてエステル交換油を用いた。
実施例1と製造工程にて含水チョコレート類を得た。口どけと風味の食感テストに供しその評価は表12に示した。
これまでに得られた実施例1、21、34と水を実質的に含まない比較例12のコーティングチョコレートを用いて氷菓に全面コーティングするテストを実施した。
含水チョコレート類、チョコレート類を用いてコーティングテストを実施した。
コーティングする氷菓は「シャービック」(ハウス食品株式会社製)を用いて作製した。
詳細を以下に記載する。
シャービック1袋(65g)に水を入れ攪拌Brix36となるように調製、製氷型に流し入れ、-20℃設定の冷凍庫で一晩冷却した。
型から抜いた氷菓を40℃に調温した含水チョコレート類等の中に浸し、全面にコーティングした。固化に要した時間とコーティングされた表面の含水チョコレート類等の割れについて表14に示す。
割れは、コーティングした後に-20℃設定の冷凍庫で1時間、-80℃設定の冷凍後で1日置いた後、-25℃設定の冷凍で3日間保管した時の状態を示す。
()内の○、◎は状態として良好であったかについて示した。○は良好、◎はより良好であることを示す。
割れについては、それぞれの含水チョコレート類等を氷菓5個にコーティングし、割れが2/5個以下のものを合格、とした。
氷菓の形状は一般的な製氷型で作られる形状。
さらに言えば、上面長方形:23mm×25mm、底面長方形:33mm×35mm、高さ25mmサイズ。
中でも実施例34は割れもなく、固化も優れていた。
固化時間は比較例12には劣るが、固化し始める速さが良好でコーティングに発生しやすいチョコレート類の垂れ落ちという問題が少なく良好であった。
比較例12は、固化時間は短いが、すべての氷菓で割れが発生した。
Claims (5)
- 無脂カカオ固形分が8.5~25重量%、pH6.8以下のカカオマスとココアの合計が10~40重量%であり、油脂含有量が30~55重量%、水含有量が5~26重量%、レシチン及び/又はポリグリセリン縮合リシノレートから選ばれる1種以上の乳化剤を合計量として1~2.5重量%を含む、油中水型乳化物である、組合せ用油性食品素材。
- 粘度が100~3000cP(BM型粘度計2号または3号30回転/40℃測定)の請求項1記載の組合せ用油性食品素材。
- pHが4.5~6.2であり、無脂乳固形分が7.5重量%以下であり、冷菓組合せ用である請求項1ないし請求項2のいずれか1項に記載の組合せ用油性食品素材。
- 乳化後に68℃以上で30分以上の殺菌工程がある請求項1ないし請求項3記載の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材の製造方法。
- 請求項4記載の冷菓組合せ用油性食品素材を冷菓と組み合わせてなる冷菓組合せ食品の製造方法。
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