WO2021169238A1 - 变压器真空定量注油方法 - Google Patents
变压器真空定量注油方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021169238A1 WO2021169238A1 PCT/CN2020/113890 CN2020113890W WO2021169238A1 WO 2021169238 A1 WO2021169238 A1 WO 2021169238A1 CN 2020113890 W CN2020113890 W CN 2020113890W WO 2021169238 A1 WO2021169238 A1 WO 2021169238A1
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- oil
- vacuum
- transformer
- oil injection
- storage tank
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
- H01F27/12—Oil cooling
- H01F27/14—Expansion chambers; Oil conservators; Gas cushions; Arrangements for purifying, drying, or filling
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of transformer production, in particular to a vacuum quantitative oil injection method for transformers.
- the transformer is a conversion device that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction to change the AC voltage. It is widely used in the power industry. Its main components are the primary coil, the secondary coil and the iron core (magnetic core). Transformers can be divided into dry-type transformers and oil-immersed transformers according to cooling methods. Oil-immersed transformers refer to distribution transformers that use transformer oil to dissipate heat. They are a new type of high-performance transformer with a more reasonable structure and better performance. One of the important equipment in the power supply and distribution system of industrial and mining enterprises and civil buildings. After the oil-immersed transformer is assembled, it must be filled with transformer oil under vacuum.
- the prior art vacuum oil injection in the tank means that after the transformer is assembled, it is placed in the vacuum tank, the transformer and the vacuum tank are evacuated together (usually 133Pa), and then the oil is injected while vacuuming, and after the oil injection is completed Continue the vacuum degassing process. This process can effectively remove the moisture and gas contained in the transformer insulation and transformer oil. Vacuum oiling in the tank is often used for oiling small transformers such as distribution transformers, amorphous alloy transformers, and small-capacity 35kV transformers.
- the existing in-tank vacuum oil injection technology has a too fast oil injection speed, and air bubbles are entrained in the transformer oil during oil injection.
- the transformer oil impacts the liquid level and will produce a lot of air bubbles. Often the real oil level is only 2/of the tank. 3. But the upper air bubbles have reached the top of the fuel tank and overflowed from the top.
- transformer manufacturers usually use float level gauge oil level alarms to determine the amount of oil in the fuel tank.
- the position where the oil level alarm is placed has interference from leads, fuel tanks, clips, etc., it often causes the float to fail to float normally. Therefore, even if the transformer oil has been fully discharged from the fuel tank, the alarm signal cannot be sent; at the same time, because the oil level alarm needs to be installed, a mounting hole must be specially reserved on the fuel tank during the transformer design, or a bushing mounting hole must be used to make the oil filling complete The casing needs to be installed back, and the process is complicated.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vacuum quantitative oil injection method for transformers; in this method, the vacuum tank and the oil storage tank are evacuated together during oil injection, so that the oil storage tank and the vacuum tank maintain the same degree of vacuum, the oil injection speed is reduced, and during oil injection There are almost no air bubbles in the hydraulic oil, which avoids the generation of air bubbles during the oil injection process, which makes the process operation more convenient and reliable.
- the oil injection method of the present application performs quantitative oil injection on the transformer, and the controller controls the oil after the oil injection volume reaches the set value. The valve is automatically closed, which further makes the operation more convenient and reliable from another aspect; in addition, the oil injection method of the present invention can perform oil injection on multiple transformers at the same time, and has the advantage of high working efficiency.
- Transformer vacuum quantitative oil injection method which connects an oil tank containing transformer oil to the oil tank of at least one transformer through an oil injection pipeline to form an oil circuit system; the transformer is arranged inside the vacuum tank; and the oil injection pipeline , Corresponding to each transformer, there are separate oil circuit solenoid valves for controlling the oil filling volume of each transformer and a flow meter for monitoring the oil filling volume of each transformer; the oil storage tank and the vacuum tank are respectively evacuated through the vacuum pipeline
- the unit is connected to form a vacuum system;
- the vacuum pipeline corresponds to the oil storage tank and the vacuum tank, and is equipped with air pressure control valves;
- the vacuum unit, the oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve, the flowmeter and the air pressure control valve are all connected to the control ⁇ ; Connect;
- transformer vacuum quantitative oil injection method of the present application has the following significant improvements:
- the oil injection control mode is changed from the original oil level alarm mode to the quantitative oil injection mode.
- the oil injection amount is set in the controller and then the quantitative oil injection is performed.
- the oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve is automatically cut off. Stop oiling, the oiling process is simple and reliable, avoiding the oil overflow from the oil tank due to the failure of the oil level alarm during the oiling process, and the operator can complete other work during the waiting time, without having to pay attention to the oil filling situation in the tank at any time. Another angle further makes the process more convenient and reliable;
- the oil injection method of the present invention can inject oil into multiple transformers at the same time, and has the advantage of high working efficiency; and the entire oil injection process is controlled by the controller with a high degree of automation.
- Each transformer independently controls the oil injection volume, reducing manual operation The procedure, the whole process is more safe and reliable, and the product quality is improved.
- the number of the oil storage tanks is two, namely the A storage tank with 25# transformer oil and the B storage tank with 45# transformer oil; during operation, the A storage tank or the oil storage tank is selected according to the transformer.
- B oil storage tank is filled with oil.
- the bottoms of the oil storage tank A and the oil storage tank B are each connected with an oil injection main pipe, and each oil injection main pipe is provided with an oil circuit master control solenoid valve; each transformer is connected with an oil injection main Branch pipe, and each oil injection branch pipe is equipped with an oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve and a flow meter; the oil injection main pipe and the oil injection branch pipe are connected by a multi-way pipe; The control solenoid valve and the oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve are both open; and after all the oil circuit sub-control solenoid valves are closed, close the oil circuit main control solenoid valve.
- the vacuum pipeline may be provided with a vacuum gauge A and a vacuum gauge B, and the vacuum gauge A and the vacuum gauge B are both connected to the controller; during oil filling, the vacuum gauge A detects the vacuum degree of the oil storage tank in real time, The vacuum gauge B detects the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank in real time and sends it to the controller.
- the A vacuum gauge and the B vacuum gauge can be a thermal resistance vacuum gauge of model TTR96.
- the flow meter can be an elliptical gear flow meter.
- the controller is a programmable controller, and the controller includes a touch screen; the operator sets the vacuum required during the oil filling process and the oil filling volume of each transformer through the touch screen, and observes through the touch screen when filling oil Changes in vacuum and oil injection volume.
- the number of transformers in the foregoing transformer vacuum quantitative oil injection method may be 8 units.
- the oil injection volume of each transformer is selected based on 85% of the design value oil volume.
- the oil filling amount should not be too full to prevent it from overflowing the transformer tank, but at least it must be ensured that the oil amount exceeds all the insulating parts of the transformer.
- the foregoing transformer vacuum quantitative oil injection method can be used to inject oil into distribution transformers, amorphous alloy transformers or small-capacity 35kV transformers.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum quantitative oil injection system constructed to realize the vacuum quantitative oil injection method of a transformer of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a process flow diagram of oil injection using the transformer vacuum quantitative oil injection method of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a specific embodiment of a vacuum quantitative oil injection system constructed to realize the vacuum quantitative oil injection method of a transformer of the present invention
- Fig. 4 is the control principle diagram of the oil circuit system for realizing quantitative oil injection in the vacuum quantitative oil injection system in Fig. 3;
- FIG. 5 is a PLC circuit diagram of the vacuum quantitative oil injection system in Figure 3.
- the marks in the drawings are: 1-oil storage tank, 101-A oil storage tank, 102-B oil storage tank; 2- oil injection pipeline; 3- transformer; 4- vacuum tank; 5- vacuum pipeline; 6-pump Vacuum unit; 7-oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve; 8-flow meter; 9-pressure control valve; 10-oil circuit master control solenoid valve; 11-oil level gauge; 12-A vacuum gauge; 13-B vacuum gauge; 14-controller, 1401-touch screen.
- the transformer vacuum quantitative oil injection method of the present invention connects an oil tank 1 containing transformer oil to the oil tank of at least one transformer 3 through an oil injection pipeline 2 to form an oil circuit system;
- the transformer 3 is set up Inside the vacuum tank 4;
- the oil injection pipeline 2 corresponds to each transformer 3, and is respectively provided with an oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve 7 for controlling the oil injection amount of the transformer 3 and the flow rate for monitoring the oil injection amount of each transformer 3 Meter 8 (that is, each transformer 3 phase is equipped with an independent oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve 7 and a flow meter 8, so that each transformer 3 can independently control the oil injection volume);
- the oil storage tank 1 and the vacuum tank 4 The vacuum pipeline 5 is respectively connected with the vacuum pumping unit 6 to form a vacuum system;
- the vacuum pipeline 5 corresponds to the oil storage tank 1 and the vacuum tank 4, respectively, is provided with a pressure control valve 9 (that is, each oil storage tank 1 and vacuum
- the tank 4 is equipped with an independent air pressure control valve 9);
- Step 1 Fill the filtered qualified transformer oil into the oil storage tank 1 (the oil level can be set on the oil storage tank 1 Gauge 11 is used to observe the height of the oil volume in the oil storage tank 1 to prevent the filling of too much oil from causing the oil to be sucked into the vacuum system during the vacuuming of the oil storage tank 1); step two, the transformer 3 Push into the vacuum tank 4, and connect the oil pipe to the transformer 3; Step 3. Set the oil filling amount of each transformer 3 on the controller 14; Step 4. Start the vacuum unit 6, and perform the simultaneous operation on the oil storage tank 1 and the vacuum tank 4. Evacuate; step five, vacuum and quantitatively fill the transformer 3; step six, after each transformer 3 is filled with oil, vacuum and degas.
- the number of the oil storage tank 1 is two, namely the A storage tank 101 with 25# transformer oil and the B storage tank 102 with 45# transformer oil; during operation, select A storage tank according to the transformer.
- the oil tank 101 or the B oil storage tank 102 is filled with oil.
- each oil injection main pipe 201 is provided with an oil circuit master control solenoid valve 10 (oil circuit master control solenoid valve) 10 is connected to the controller 14); each transformer 3 is connected to an oil injection branch pipe 202, and each oil injection branch pipe 202 is provided with an oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve 7 and a flow meter 8; the oil injection main pipe 201 It is connected to the oil injection branch pipe 202 through a multi-way pipe 203; when oil is injected, the oil circuit main control solenoid valve 10 and the oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve 7 on the pipeline that need to be supplied with oil are both opened; After the valve 7 is closed, the oil circuit master control solenoid valve 10 is closed.
- a vacuum gauge 12 and B vacuum gauge 13 are provided on the vacuum pipeline 5. Both the A vacuum gauge 12 and the B vacuum gauge 13 are connected to the controller 14; when oil is being filled, the A vacuum gauge 12 detects in real time The vacuum degree of the oil storage tank 1, the B vacuum gauge 13 detects the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank 4 in real time, and transmits it to the controller 14.
- the A vacuum gauge 12 and the B vacuum gauge 13 are thermal resistance vacuum gauges of model TTR96.
- the flow meter 8 is an oval gear flow meter.
- the oval gear flow meter is mainly composed of a housing, a counter, an oval gear and a coupling (including a magnetic coupling and an axial coupling); it has a simple, intuitive structure, small pressure loss, convenient maintenance, and high measurement accuracy. It is less affected by the viscosity of the liquid.
- the working principle of the oval gear flowmeter is that the oval gear flowmeter consists of a metering box and a pair of elliptical gears installed in the metering box, and the upper and lower cover plates form a sealed crescent-shaped cavity (due to the rotation of the gears, it is not absolutely sealed ) As the calculation unit of one displacement.
- the pressure difference generated at the inlet and outlet pushes a pair of gears to continuously rotate, and the liquid measured by the lunar cavity is continuously transported to the outlet.
- the product of four times the secondary displacement is the total amount of the measured liquid flow.
- the principle of quantitative oil injection is as follows: the flow meter 8 realizes the conversion of the corresponding pulse amount per liter of oil and sends it to the controller 14.
- the oil injection amount is calculated by the controller 14. When the oil injection amount reaches the set value, the oil circuit sub-control solenoid valve is closed 7. Realize quantitative oil injection.
- the controller 14 is a programmable controller, and the controller 14 includes a touch screen 1401; the operator uses the touch screen 1401 to set the vacuum required in the oil filling process and the oil filling volume of each transformer 3. At the same time, the touch screen 1401 is used to observe the changes in the degree of vacuum and the amount of oil injected.
- the number of the transformer 3 is 8 units. That is, 8 transformers 3 are filled with oil at the same time.
- each transformer 3 is selected according to 85% of the design value oil volume.
- the oil filling amount should not be too full to prevent it from overflowing the oil tank of transformer 3, but at least it must be ensured that its oil quantity exceeds all the insulating parts of transformer 3.
- the vacuum quantitative oil injection method for transformers of the present invention can carry out oil injection for distribution transformers, amorphous alloy transformers or small-capacity 35kV transformers.
- the oil injected into the transformer 3 must be filtered before oil injection.
- the oil temperature should be controlled at 50 ⁇ 5°C, and it should not be too high or too low. If it is too high, it will easily cause oil aging and increase the filtering time. If it is too low, it will affect the oil. Penetration of insulating parts;
- the vacuum tank 4 needs to be cleaned before the transformer 3 is pushed into the vacuum tank 4, especially the residual oil on the bottom and wall of the vacuum tank 4, which is easy to atomize during the vacuuming process, thereby polluting the oil tank of the transformer 3 and the vacuum tank 4. Impurities in the vacuum are also easily raised during the vacuuming process and fall into the transformer 3.
- the vacuum quantitative oil injection method for transformers of the present invention can carry out oil injection to multiple transformers at the same time, and has high efficiency.
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Abstract
本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法可对多台变压器同时进行注油，效率较高；注油时，先在控制器中设置好每台变压器的注油量；启动抽真空机组对储油罐和真空罐同时抽真空至全真空状态；然后，打开油路分控电磁阀对各变压器进行注油，同时抽真空机组不停；当某台变压器的注油量达到设定值时，关闭该变压器对应的油路分控电磁阀，直至所有的油路分控电磁阀关闭；最后，继续抽真空脱气，完成注油工艺。该方法对变压器进行定量注油，注油量达到设定值后，控制器控制阀门自动关闭，操作方便可靠；注油时将真空罐和储油罐一起抽真空，使储油罐和真空罐保持同样的真空度，注油速度得到降低，且注油时的液压油中几乎不夹带气泡，避免了注油过程中产生气泡沫。
Description
本发明涉及变压器生产技术领域，具体涉及变压器真空定量注油方法。
变压器是利用电磁感应的原理来改变交流电压的转换装置，在电力行业的使用非常广泛，其主要构件是初级线圈、次级线圈和铁芯（磁芯）。变压器按冷却方式可分为干变式变压器和油浸式变压器，其中油浸式变压器是指采用变压器油散热的配电变压器，是一种结构更合理、性能更优良的新型高性能变压器，是工矿企业与民用建筑供配电系统中的重要设备之一。油浸式变压器装配完成后需在真空状态下，加注变压器油。
现有技术的罐内真空注油是指变压器总装配完成后，放入抽真空罐内，变压器与真空罐一起抽真空（通常是133Pa）后，再进行边抽真空边注油，并在注油完成后继续抽真空脱气的过程。该过程可有效的去除变压器绝缘件和变压器油中所带的水分和气体。罐内真空注油常用于对配电变压器、非晶合金变压器、小容量35kV变压器等小型变压器进行注油。但是，现有的罐内真空注油技术注油速度过快，且注油时的变压器油中夹带气泡，注油过程中，变压器油冲击液面会产生很多气泡沫，往往真实油位还只有油箱的2/3，但是上部的气泡沫已经到达油箱顶部并从顶部溢出。
此外，变压器制造企业通常采用浮子液位计油位报警器来判断油箱内的注油量，但是由于油位报警器放置的位置有引线、油箱、夹件等干涉，往往会造成浮球无法正常浮动，因此即使变压器油已经从油箱满出仍然无法发出报警信号；同时因为需要安装油位报警器，变压器设计时需特意在油箱上留出一个安装孔，或者借用套管安装孔，使得注油完成后还需安装回套管，工序复杂。
本发明的目的在于提供一种变压器真空定量注油方法；该方法注油时将真空罐和储油罐一起抽真空，使储油罐和真空罐保持同样的真空度，注油速度得到降低，且注油时的液压油中几乎不夹带气泡，避免了注油过程中产生气泡沫，使得工艺操作更加方便、可靠；再者，本申请的注油方法对变压器进行定量注油，注油量达到设定值后，控制器控制阀门自动关闭，从另一个方面进一步使得操作更加方便、可靠；此外，本发明的注油方法可以对多台变压器同时进行注油，具有工作效率高的优点。
变压器真空定量注油方法，该方法将装有变压器油的储油罐通过注油管路与至少一台变压器的油箱相连，形成油路系统；所述变压器设置于真空罐的内部；所述注油管路上，对应于每台变压器，分别设有用于控制各变压器注油量的油路分控电磁阀和用于监测各变压器注油量的流量计；所述储油罐和真空罐通过真空管路分别与抽真空机组相连，形成真空系统；所述真空管路上，对应于储油罐及真空罐，分别设有气压控制阀门；所述抽真空机组、油路分控电磁阀、流量计以及气压控制阀门均与控制器相连；
注油时，先在控制器中设置好每台变压器的注油量；启动抽真空机组对储油罐和真空罐同时抽真空至全真空状态；然后，打开油路分控电磁阀对各变压器进行注油，同时抽真空机组不停；当某台变压器的注油量达到设定值时，关闭变压器对应的油路分控电磁阀，直至所有的油路分控电磁阀关闭；最后，继续抽真空脱气，完成注油工艺。
与现有技术相比，本申请的变压器真空定量注油方法具有以下显著的进步：
（1）前期准备工作简单，变压器推入真空罐后，只需将注油管路接入变压器即可，提高了操作效率；
（2）注油时将真空罐和储油罐一起抽真空，从而使得储油罐和真空罐保持同样的真空度，注油时液压油仅在重力的作用下流入变压器油箱，注油速度得到降低，可以将油速控制在≤8L/min，且注油时的液压油中几乎不夹带气泡，避免了注油过程中产生气泡沫，因此即使注油时油位稍微偏高一些，也不会从油箱顶部溢出，使得工艺操作更加方便、可靠；
（3）注油控制模式由原来的油位报警方式改成定量注油模式，通过在控制器中设置好注油量再进行定量注油，当注油量达到设定值后自动切断油路分控电磁阀，停止注油，注油过程简单可靠，避免了注油过程中因油位报警器故障而造成油从油箱溢出，而且操作工可以在等待的时间里完成其他工作，而不必随时关注罐内注油情况，从而从另一个角度进一步使得工艺更加方便、可靠；
（4）本发明的注油方法可以对多台变压器同时进行注油，具有工作效率高的优点；而且整个注油过程由控制器控制，自动化程度高，每台变压器独立控制注油量，减少了手工操作的程序，整个过程更加安全可靠，提高了产品质量。
作为优化，所述储油罐的数量为两个，分别为装有25#变压器油的A储油罐和装有45#变压器油的B储油罐；操作时，根据变压器选择A储油罐或B储油罐进行注油。
作为优化，所述A储油罐和B储油罐的底部各连接有一根注油总管，且每根注油总管上都设有油路总控电磁阀；所述每台变压器上均连接有一根注油支管，且每根注油支管上都设有油路分控电磁阀和流量计；所述注油总管与所述注油支管通过多通管相连接；注油时，需要供油的管路上的油路总控电磁阀和油路分控电磁阀均打开；并在所有油路分控电磁阀关闭后，关闭油路总控电磁阀。
作为优化，所述真空管路上可以设有A真空计和B真空计，所述A真空计和B真空计均与所述控制器相连；注油时，A真空计实时检测储油罐的真空度，B真空计实时检测真空罐的真空度，并传送给控制器。优选的，所述A真空计和B真空计可以选用TTR96型号的热电阻真空规。
优选的，所述流量计可以选用椭圆齿轮流量计。
作为优化，所述控制器为可编程控制器，且所述控制器包含一个触摸屏；操作人员通过触摸屏设定注油过程中所需的真空度以及每台变压器的注油量，注油时，通过触摸屏观察真空度、注油量的变化。
优选的，前述变压器真空定量注油方法中的变压器的数量可以为8台。
作为优化，所述每台变压器的注油量根据设计值油量的85%进行选取。注油量不可太满，防止其溢出变压器油箱，但最低也要保证其油量超过变压器所有绝缘件。
前述的变压器真空定量注油方法可以对配电变压器、非晶合金变压器或小容量35kV变压器进行注油。
图1是为实现本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法构建的真空定量注油系统的结构示意图；
图2是使用本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法进行注油的工艺流程图；
图3是为实现本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法构建的真空定量注油系统的一个具体实施例的结构示意图；
图4是图3中真空定量注油系统中实现定量注油的油路系统控制原理图；
图5是图3中真空定量注油系统的PLC电路图。
附图中的标记为：1-储油罐，101-A储油罐，102-B储油罐；2-注油管路；3-变压器；4-真空罐；5-真空管路；6-抽真空机组；7-油路分控电磁阀；8-流量计；9-气压控制阀门；10-油路总控电磁阀；11-油位计；12-A真空计；13-B真空计；14-控制器，1401-触摸屏。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，但并不作为对本发明限制的依据。
参见图1，本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法，该方法将装有变压器油的储油罐1通过注油管路2与至少一台变压器3的油箱相连，形成油路系统；所述变压器3设置于真空罐4的内部；所述注油管路2上，对应于每台变压器3，分别设有用于控制变压器3注油量的油路分控电磁阀7和用于监测各变压器3注油量的流量计8（即每台变压器3相配备有一个独立的油路分控电磁阀7和一个流量计8，从而可以实现每台变压器3独立控制注油量）；所述储油罐1和真空罐4通过真空管路5分别与抽真空机组6相连，形成真空系统；所述真空管路5上，对应于储油罐1及真空罐4，分别设有气压控制阀门9（即各储油罐1及真空罐4配备有一个独立的气压控制阀门9）；所述抽真空机组6、油路分控电磁阀7、流量计8以及气压控制阀门9均与控制器13相连；
注油时，先在控制器13中设置好每台变压器3的注油量；启动抽真空机组6对储油罐1和真空罐4同时抽真空至全真空状态；然后，打开油路分控电磁阀7对变压器3进行注油，同时抽真空机组6不停；当某台变压器3的注油量达到设定值时，关闭该变压器3对应的油路分控电磁阀7，直至所有的油路分控电磁阀7关闭；最后，继续抽真空脱气，完成注油工艺。
参见图2，使用本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法进行真空注油时，操作步骤可以如下：步骤一、将过滤后的合格变压器油充入储油罐1内（储油罐1上可以设置油位计11，用于观察储油罐1内的油量高度，防止充入的油量太多而导致在对储油罐1进行抽真空的过程中将油吸入真空系统）；步骤二、将变压器3推入真空罐4，油管接入变压器3；步骤三、在控制器14上设置好每台变压器3的注油量；步骤四、启动抽真空机组6，对储油罐1和真空罐4同时抽真空；步骤五、对变压器3进行抽真空定量注油；步骤六、每台变压器3均注油完成后，抽真空脱气。
作为一个具体实施例（参见图1-5）：
（1）所述储油罐1的数量为两个，分别为装有25#变压器油的A储油罐101和装有45#变压器油的B储油罐102；操作时，根据变压器选择A储油罐101或B储油罐102进行注油。
（2）所述A储油罐101和B储油罐102的底部各连接有一根注油总管201，且每根注油总管201上都设有油路总控电磁阀10（油路总控电磁阀10与控制器14相连）；所述每台变压器3上均连接有一根注油支管202，且每根注油支管202上都设有油路分控电磁阀7和流量计8；所述注油总管201与所述注油支管202通过多通管203相连接；注油时，需要供油的管路上的油路总控电磁阀10和油路分控电磁阀7均打开；并在所有油路分控电磁阀7关闭后，关闭油路总控电磁阀10。
（3）所述真空管路5上设有A真空计12和B真空计13，所述A真空计12和B真空计13均与所述控制器14相连；注油时，A真空计12实时检测储油罐1的真空度，B真空计13实时检测真空罐4的真空度，并传送给控制器14。所述A真空计12和B真空计13为TTR96型号的热电阻真空规。
（4）所述流量计8为椭圆齿轮流量计。椭圆齿轮流量计主要由壳体、计数器、椭圆齿轮和联轴器（包括磁性联轴器和轴向联轴器）组成；它具有结构简单、直观、压力损失小、维修方便、测量精度高、受液体黏度影响小等特点。椭圆齿轮流量计的工作原理为，椭圆齿轮流量计由计量箱和装在计量箱内的一对椭圆齿轮，与上下盖板构成一个密封的初月形空腔(由于齿轮的转动，所以不是绝对密封的)作为一次排量的计算单位。当被测液体经管道进入流量计时，由于进出口处产生的压力差推动一对齿轮连续旋转，不断地把经初月形空腔计量后的液体输送到出口处，椭圆齿轮的转数与每次排量四倍的乘积即为被测液体流量的总量。定量注油实现原理为：流量计8实现每升油转换对应的脉冲量，并发送到控制器14，通过控制器14计算注油量，当注油量达到设定值时，关闭油路分控电磁阀7，实现定量注油。
（5）所述控制器14为可编程控制器，且所述控制器14包含一个触摸屏1401；操作人员通过触摸屏1401设定注油过程中所需的真空度以及每台变压器3的注油量，注油时，通过触摸屏1401观察真空度、注油量的变化。
（6）所述变压器3的数量为8台。即8台变压器3同时注油。
（7）所述每台变压器3的注油量根据设计值油量的85%进行选取。注油量不可太满，防止其溢出变压器3油箱，但最低也要保证其油量超过变压器3所有绝缘件。
本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法可以对配电变压器、非晶合金变压器或小容量35kV变压器进行注油。
本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法在实现真空定量注油时，应该注意以下事项：
（1）注入变压器3的油须在注油前进行过滤，油温控制在50±5℃，不可太高也不可太低，太高则容易造成油老化，而且增加滤油时间，太低则影响绝缘件的渗透；
（2）变压器3推入真空罐4前需要清洁真空罐4，特别是真空罐4底部和壁上的残油，容易在抽真空的过程中雾化，从而污染变压器3油箱，而且真空罐4中的杂质也容易在抽真空的过程中扬起，掉入变压器3中。
本发明的变压器真空定量注油方法可对多台变压器同时进行注油，效率较高。
Claims (10)
- 变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：该方法将装有变压器油的储油罐（1）通过注油管路（2）与至少一台变压器（3）的油箱相连，形成油路系统；所述变压器（3）设置于真空罐（4）的内部；所述注油管路（2）上，对应于每台变压器（3），分别设有用于控制各变压器（3）注油量的油路分控电磁阀（7）和用于监测各变压器（3）注油量的流量计（8）；所述储油罐（1）和真空罐（4）通过真空管路（5）分别与抽真空机组（6）相连，形成真空系统；所述真空管路（5）上，对应于储油罐（1）及真空罐（4），分别设有气压控制阀门（9）；所述抽真空机组（6）、油路分控电磁阀（7）、流量计（8）以及气压控制阀门（9）均与控制器（14）相连；注油时，先在控制器（14）中设置好每台变压器（3）的注油量；启动抽真空机组（6）对储油罐（1）和真空罐（4）同时抽真空至全真空状态；然后，打开油路分控电磁阀（7）对各变压器（3）进行注油，同时抽真空机组（6）不停；当某台变压器（3）的注油量达到设定值时，关闭该变压器（3）对应的油路分控电磁阀（7），直至所有的油路分控电磁阀（7）关闭；最后，继续抽真空脱气，完成注油工艺。
- 根据权利要求1所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述储油罐（1）的数量为两个，分别为装有25#变压器油的A储油罐（101）和装有45#变压器油的B储油罐（102）；操作时，根据变压器选择A储油罐（101）或B储油罐（102）进行注油。
- 根据权利要求2所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述A储油罐（101）和B储油罐（102）的底部各连接有一根注油总管（201），且每根注油总管（201）上都设有油路总控电磁阀（10）；所述每台变压器（3）上均连接有一根注油支管（202），且每根注油支管（202）上都设有油路分控电磁阀（7）和流量计（8）；所述注油总管（201）与所述注油支管（202）通过多通管（203）相连接；注油时，需要供油的管路上的油路总控电磁阀（10）和油路分控电磁阀（7）均打开；并在所有油路分控电磁阀（7）关闭后，关闭油路总控电磁阀（10）。
- 根据权利要求1所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述真空管路（5）上设有A真空计（12）和B真空计（13），所述A真空计（12）和B真空计（13）均与所述控制器（14）相连；注油时，A真空计（12）实时检测储油罐（1）的真空度，B真空计（13）实时检测真空罐（4）的真空度，并传送给控制器（14）。
- 根据权利要求4所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述A真空计（12）和B真空计（13）为TTR96型号的热电阻真空规。
- 根据权利要求1所述的变压器真空定量注油方法， 其特征在于：所述流量计（8）为椭圆齿轮流量计。
- 根据权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述控制器（14）为可编程控制器，且所述控制器（14）包含一个触摸屏（1401）；操作人员通过触摸屏（1401）设定注油过程中所需的真空度以及每台变压器（3）的注油量，注油时，通过触摸屏（1401）观察真空度、注油量的变化。
- 根据权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述变压器（3）的数量为8台。
- 根据权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：所述每台变压器（3）的注油量根据设计值油量的85%进行选取。
- 根据权利要求1至6任一权利要求所述的变压器真空定量注油方法，其特征在于：该方法对配电变压器、非晶合金变压器或小容量35kV变压器进行注油。
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