WO2021131846A1 - 鉄含有飲料 - Google Patents
鉄含有飲料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021131846A1 WO2021131846A1 PCT/JP2020/046515 JP2020046515W WO2021131846A1 WO 2021131846 A1 WO2021131846 A1 WO 2021131846A1 JP 2020046515 W JP2020046515 W JP 2020046515W WO 2021131846 A1 WO2021131846 A1 WO 2021131846A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- beverage
- sodium
- iron
- present
- salty taste
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/16—Inorganic salts, minerals or trace elements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an iron-containing beverage, and more particularly to an iron-containing beverage derived from sodium and having an improved salty taste.
- Patent Document 1 a method of adjusting the ratio of citric acid concentration and phosphoric acid concentration
- Patent Document 2 a method of containing fructose or malic acid
- Patent Document 3 a specific amount of lauric acid.
- iron is a nutrient necessary for making red blood cells, and dietary supplements (supplements and beverages) containing iron to eliminate iron deficiency are known.
- dietary supplements supplements and beverages
- iron to be blended in such foods and drinks a compound of ferrous iron is often used from the viewpoint of absorption into the body.
- an object of the present invention is to improve the salty taste derived from sodium in a beverage containing 35 mg / 100 ml or more of sodium.
- the present invention is not limited to this, but relates to the following.
- a beverage containing sodium and iron (A) The sodium content is 35-120 mg / 100 ml. (B) The iron content is 0.2-2 mg / 100 ml. The above beverage.
- the present invention it is possible to improve the salty taste derived from sodium in a beverage containing 35 mg / 100 ml or more of sodium. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a beverage that is easy to drink by reducing the salty taste derived from sodium, despite the fact that it contains a high concentration of sodium.
- the beverage provided by the present invention contains a high concentration of sodium and is useful as a beverage for heat stroke countermeasures. Further, the beverage of the present invention can also be provided as a packaged beverage, and can be drunk for a long time while being carried while moving. By using the beverage of the present invention, hydration can be performed on a daily basis while taking measures against heat stroke.
- % and ppb used in the present specification mean% of weight / weight (w / w) and ppb, respectively.
- numerical range represented by the lower limit value and the upper limit value in the present specification that is, “lower limit value to upper limit value” shall include those lower limit value and upper limit value.
- the range represented by "1-2" includes 1 and 2.
- One aspect of the present invention is a beverage containing sodium and iron.
- the sodium content is 35-120 mg / 100 ml.
- the iron content is 0.2-2 mg / 100 ml.
- the above beverage By adopting such a structure, it is possible to improve the sodium-derived salty taste felt in the sodium-containing beverage.
- the salty taste derived from sodium means a salty taste with a slimy texture that remains on the tongue after drinking.
- the beverage of the present invention contains sodium.
- sodium can be added to beverages in the form of salts that can be used in foods and drinks, or in the form of deep sea water or seaweed extract that is rich in sodium.
- Examples of the sodium salt that can be used in the present invention include sodium chloride, disodium citrate, trisodium citrate, sodium L-aspartate, sodium benzoate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, trisodium phosphate and the like. However, it is not particularly limited to these.
- sodium can be derived from these sodium salts.
- the beverage of the present invention preferably contains sodium chloride.
- sodium is preferably derived from sodium chloride.
- the sodium content in the beverage of the present invention is 35 to 120 mg / 100 ml. It is known that a certain amount of sodium should be ingested in order to effectively rehydrate the body, and it is particularly effective as a measure against heat stroke.
- 35 to 120 mg of sodium is contained in 100 ml of the beverage, and the content of sodium is preferably 38 to 80 mg / 100 ml, more preferably 40 to 70 mg / 100 ml, and further preferably 40 to 60 mg. / 100 ml. If the sodium content in the beverage is less than 35 mg / 100 ml, the effect of preventing heat stroke may not be sufficiently obtained, or the efficiency of hydration into the body may be reduced.
- the content of sodium in the beverage is more than 120 mg / 100 ml, the salty taste derived from sodium becomes too strong, the palatability of the beverage may be lowered, or the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained. is there.
- the content of sodium in the beverage is 40 mg / 100 ml or more, the effect of the present invention is particularly remarkable.
- the mechanism is not clear and is not bound by a specific theory, but when the amount of sodium in the beverage is 40 mg / 100 ml or more, the degree to which sodium stimulates the taste nerve becomes stronger, and the salty taste caused by sodium becomes stronger.
- the salty taste can be improved more effectively by containing a predetermined amount of iron, which will be described later, and the effect of the present invention can be more easily perceived.
- the amount of sodium in the beverage is 40 mg / 100 ml or more
- the sodium contained in the beverage in large amounts plays a role of facilitating contact of iron ions with the tongue having a taste nerve and making it difficult to feel the salty taste derived from sodium. It is also possible.
- the content of sodium in a beverage can be calculated after converting the sodium into the amount of a free form (free form) when the sodium is in the form of a salt.
- the sodium content in the beverage can be measured by a known method using an ICP emission spectrophotometer.
- the beverage of the present invention contains 0.2-2 mg / 100 ml of iron.
- the salty taste derived from sodium can be improved by containing 0.2 to 2 mg / 100 ml of iron in the sodium-containing beverage.
- the salty taste derived from sodium refers to the salty taste with a slimy texture that remains on the tongue after drinking. The mechanism of such an effect is not clear and is not bound by a specific theory, but it is considered that the contact of iron ions with the tongue makes it difficult to feel the slimy texture derived from sodium.
- iron can be added to beverages in the form of iron-containing foods, iron compounds allowed as food additives, or compositions containing iron compounds.
- concentration of iron in the beverage can be easily adjusted, it is preferable to add the iron compound to the beverage in the form of an iron compound that is acceptable as a food additive or in the form of a composition containing the iron compound.
- iron compounds that are acceptable as food additives include ferric chloride, ammonianium iron citrate, ferric pyrophosphate, sodium ferrous citrate, ferrous gluconate, and the like. Not limited to these.
- iron can be derived from these iron compounds.
- ferric iron is particularly preferable because it has an excellent effect of improving the salty taste derived from sodium.
- the iron compound of ferric trivalent iron is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include ferric chloride, ammonium iron citrate, and ferric pyrophosphate.
- ferric pyrophosphate is particularly preferable as the iron compound of ferric iron. That is, the beverage of the present invention preferably contains ferric pyrophosphate.
- ferric trivalent is preferably derived from ferric pyrophosphate.
- polymer complex iron such as sugar-containing complex iron is not preferable as an iron compound because iron ions are not easily liberated in the beverage.
- the sugar-containing complex iron is an iron complex, which is an iron complex containing a sugar in the compound.
- 0.2 to 2 mg of iron is contained in 100 ml of the beverage, but the iron content is preferably 0.4 to 1 mg / 100 ml, more preferably 0.5 to 0.8 mg / 100 ml, still more preferable. Is 0.5 to 0.6 mg / 100 ml. If the iron content in the beverage is less than 0.2 mg / 100 ml, the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained, while if it is more than 2 mg / 100 ml, the taste of iron becomes too strong and the beverage Preference tends to decrease.
- the iron content in the beverage when iron is added in the form of an iron compound, can be calculated after converting it into the amount of free form (free form).
- the iron content in the beverage can be measured by a known method using an ICP emission spectrophotometer. If necessary, pretreatment such as ashing can be performed to improve the measurement accuracy.
- the content of ferrous or trivalent iron in the beverage can be measured using wavelength dispersive fluorescent X-rays.
- the ratio (iron content / sodium content) of the iron content (mg / 100 ml) to the sodium content (mg / 100 ml) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.004 or more. Yes, preferably 0.006 or more, more preferably 0.012 or more.
- the ratio of the iron content (mg / 100 ml) to the sodium content (mg / 100 ml) (iron content / sodium content) is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.057 or less.
- the beverages of the present invention include sweeteners, acidulants, minerals other than sodium and iron, fruit juices, flavors, pigments, antioxidants, emulsifiers, as long as they do not interfere with the effects of the present invention. Preservatives, seasonings, extracts, pH adjusters and the like can be blended. Further, although not particularly limited, it is preferable that the beverage of the present invention does not contain milk or skim milk powder because the milk protein contained in milk or skim milk powder may inhibit the effect of the present invention.
- the pH of the beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, pH 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 7, more preferably 2.5 to 6, and even more preferably 3 to 5.
- the pH of the beverage of the present invention is 3 to 5, by blending iron in the above amount, in addition to the effect of improving the salty taste derived from sodium, the effect of suppressing the irritation of acidity is also observed.
- the pH of the beverage is 6 or less in the present invention, and more preferably, the pH of the beverage of the present invention is 4 or less.
- the mechanism of the effect of suppressing the stimulation of acidity by adding iron is not clear and is not bound by a specific theory, but the acidity in beverages is felt mild by combining iron ions with acid components such as organic acids. It is thought that it will be.
- the pH adjustment of the beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, and phosphoric acid, disodium citrate, trisodium citrate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, sodium hydroxide, and the like.
- organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, and phosphoric acid
- disodium citrate trisodium citrate
- sodium hydrogencarbonate sodium hydroxide
- sodium salt, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate and other potassium salts can be used.
- the amount of the sodium salt used as the pH adjuster is adjusted so that the concentration of sodium in the beverage is within the above range.
- the Brix of the beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 15% or less, preferably 9% or less, more preferably 5% or less, still more preferably 3% or less. When the Brix of the beverage exceeds 15%, the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- the Brix of the beverage can be adjusted by adding a sweetener or the like to the beverage. Brix of a beverage can be measured using a commercially available sugar content meter, refractometer, or the like. In the present specification, Brix means a value obtained by converting the refractive index measured at 20 ° C. into the mass / mass percent of the sucrose solution based on the conversion table of ICUMSA (International Sugar Analysis Unified Committee). The unit of Brix is displayed as "° Bx", "%" or "degree".
- the protein concentration in the beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, less than 4%, preferably less than 2%.
- the protein concentration of the beverage is 4% or more, the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently exhibited.
- the protein is a milk protein, the milk component may cling to the tongue and inhibit the action and effect of iron, and as a result, the effect of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained. Therefore, the concentration of milk protein in the beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is, for example, less than 4%, preferably less than 2%.
- the type of the beverage of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be an alcoholic beverage or a non-alcoholic beverage such as a soft drink. Since the beverage of the present invention is preferably a heat stroke countermeasure beverage, it is preferably a non-alcoholic beverage.
- the alcoholic beverage means a beverage having an alcohol content of 1 v / v% or more
- the non-alcoholic beverage means a beverage having an alcohol content of less than 1 v / v%.
- Non-alcoholic beverages include, for example, functional beverages, nutritional beverages, flavored water (near water) beverages, sports beverages, tea beverages (grain tea, green tea, oolong tea, black tea, blended tea, etc.), coffee beverages, and carbonated beverages.
- the beverage of the present invention is preferably a beverage suitable for measures against heat stroke, it is preferably a nutritional beverage, a functional beverage, a flavored water (near water) beverage, a sports beverage, or a tea beverage.
- the heat stroke countermeasure beverage means a beverage suitable for heat stroke countermeasures.
- the heat stroke countermeasure means prevention of the onset of heat stroke or reduction of the symptoms of heat stroke. It can be determined that the beverage is a heat stroke countermeasure beverage by the product name, the label on the container or packaging, or the poster, TV commercial, store POP, explanation at the briefing session, etc. regarding the product.
- the beverage of the present invention is preferably a packaged beverage in a state of being heat sterilized and packed in a container.
- the container is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include PET bottles, aluminum cans, steel cans, paper packs, chilled cups, and bottles. Among them, a container that is lightweight and can be re-plugged, for example, a container such as a PET bottle is preferable.
- the method is not particularly limited, and it can be performed by using a usual method such as UHT sterilization and retort sterilization.
- the temperature of the heat sterilization treatment is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 65 to 140 ° C., preferably 85 to 120 ° C.
- the time of the heat sterilization treatment is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 to 40 minutes. However, if a sterilization value equivalent to the above conditions can be obtained, heat sterilization treatment may be performed at an appropriate temperature for several seconds, for example, 5 to 30 seconds.
- the beverage of the present invention can be produced by appropriately blending the above-mentioned components.
- the blending order of various components is not particularly limited.
- a step of blending the above-mentioned components and materials and a step of adjusting their contents can also be included.
- Various factors such as the types of components in the beverage and the content thereof in the production of the beverage of the present invention are as described above for the beverage of the present invention, or are obvious from them.
- a step of heat sterilizing the beverage is included, and a step of bottling the beverage as needed can also be included. can do.
- the methods and conditions for heat sterilization and containerization of the beverage of the present invention are also as described above for the beverage of the present invention, or are obvious from them.
- Example 1 Sodium chloride and ferric pyrophosphate (Sunactive Fe-12A, Taiyo Kagaku) were added to pure water, and various beverage samples were prepared so that the final concentrations of sodium and iron were as shown in the table below.
- the beverage sample was heat sterilized and then filled in a 500 ml PET bottle container to prepare a packaged beverage.
- the pH of each beverage sample ranged from 5.5 to 7 and Brix was less than 1.
- the obtained beverage samples were subjected to sensory evaluation by a specialized panel of 5 people.
- all beverage samples (Sample 1-1, Sample 1-3, Sample 1-10, Sample) having the same composition except that they do not contain an iron compound (that is, the iron content is 0 mg / 100 ml). 1-12) was set as a control. It was confirmed that all the panels felt the salty taste derived from sodium in the control, and the evaluation score was set to 1, and then the sensory evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. The score of the sensory evaluation was the average value of the evaluation points by the panel of 5 people. 4: I do not feel the salty taste derived from sodium. 3: Almost no salty taste derived from sodium is felt. 2: Slightly feel the salty taste derived from sodium. 1: Feel the salty taste derived from sodium.
- Example 2 Similar to Experimental Example 1, sodium chloride and ferric pyrophosphate were added to pure water, and various beverage samples were prepared so that the final concentrations of sodium and iron were as shown in the table below.
- citric acid was added to adjust the pH of each beverage to 3.5.
- the beverage sample was heat sterilized and then filled in a 500 ml PET bottle container to prepare a packaged beverage.
- the Brix of each beverage sample was less than 1.
- Sensory evaluation on the stimulation of sour taste was also carried out by a specialized panel of 5 people.
- the following sample 2-1 was set as a control, and it was confirmed that all the panels felt the stimulus of acidity in the control, and the evaluation point was set to 1, and then the sensory evaluation was performed according to the following criteria.
- the score of the sensory evaluation was the average value of the evaluation points by the panel of 5 people. 4: I do not feel the stimulus of acidity. 3: Almost no sour stimulus is felt. 2: I feel a little sour stimulus. 1: Feel the stimulus of acidity.
- Example 3 Sodium compounds and iron compounds were added to pure water, and various beverage samples were prepared so that the final concentrations of sodium and iron were as shown in the table below.
- sodium compound sodium chloride or trisodium citrate was used.
- iron compound ferric pyrophosphate (same as in Experimental Example 1), ammonium iron citrate (Showa Kako), or sodium ferrous citrate (Mitsubishi Chemical Foods) was used.
- Sample 3-5 the amount of sodium chloride added was adjusted in consideration of the sodium concentration derived from monosodium citrate. All beverage samples were adjusted to pH 3.2 by adding citric acid. The beverage sample was heat sterilized and then filled in a 500 ml PET bottle container to prepare a packaged beverage. The Brix of each beverage sample was less than 1.
- a sensory evaluation of sodium-derived salty taste was performed by a panel of 5 people.
- the criteria for sensory evaluation were the same as in Experimental Example 1 (4 steps).
- Beverage samples (Sample 3-1 and Sample 3-3) having the same composition and pH were set as controls except that they did not contain an iron compound (that is, the iron content was 0 mg / 100 ml). It was confirmed that all the panels felt the salty taste derived from sodium in the control, and the evaluation score was set to 1, and then the sensory evaluation was performed.
- the score of the sensory evaluation was the average value of the evaluation points by the panel of 5 people.
- the effect of improving the salty taste derived from sodium can be obtained by blending a predetermined amount of iron regardless of the type of sodium compound. Further, regarding the iron compound, regardless of the type, the effect of improving the salty taste derived from sodium was obtained, but when ferric iron was used, especially when ferric iron was used, the pyrophosphate ferric acid compound was obtained. It was found that a higher effect can be obtained when ferric iron is used.
- Example 4 Beverage samples of sports drinks were prepared according to the formulations shown in the table below. All the beverage samples were heat sterilized and then filled in a 500 ml PET bottle container to prepare a packaged beverage.
- the obtained beverage sample was subjected to a sensory evaluation of sodium-derived salty and sour stimuli.
- the evaluation criteria for sodium-derived salty taste were the same as in Experimental Example 1, and the evaluation criteria for acidity stimulation were the same as in Experimental Example 2.
- the sensory evaluation was performed by a specialized panel of 5 people, and it was confirmed that all the panels felt the stimulus of sodium-derived salty and sour tastes using the sample 4-1 below as a control, and the evaluation score was set to 1 before the sample. A 4-2 rating was given.
- the score of the sensory evaluation was the average value of the evaluation points by the panel of 5 people.
- Example 5 Similar to Experimental Example 1, sodium chloride and ferric pyrophosphate were added to pure water, and various beverage samples were prepared so that the final concentrations of sodium and iron were as shown in the table below.
- the beverage sample was heat sterilized and then filled in a 500 ml PET bottle container to prepare a packaged beverage.
- the pH of each beverage sample was 5.5-7 and Brix was less than 1.
- beverage sample was subjected to a sensory evaluation regarding the salty taste derived from sodium in the same manner as in Experimental Example 1.
- beverage samples Sample 5-1 and Sample 5-4 having the same composition were set as controls except that they did not contain an iron compound (that is, the iron content was 0 mg / 100 ml). It was confirmed that all the panels felt the salty taste derived from sodium in the control, and the evaluation score was set to 1, and then the sensory evaluation was performed. The score of the sensory evaluation was the average value of the evaluation points by the panel of 5 people.
- the salty taste derived from sodium can be reduced by containing a predetermined amount of iron regardless of whether the sodium content is 38 mg / 100 ml or 40 mg / 100 ml. It was also found that the beverage sample having a sodium content of 40 mg / 100 ml showed a more remarkable effect of improving the salty taste derived from sodium than the one having a sodium content of 38 mg / 100 ml.
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Abstract
Description
(1)ナトリウム及び鉄を含む飲料であって、
(a)ナトリウムの含有量が35~120mg/100mlであり、
(b)鉄の含有量が0.2~2mg/100mlである、
上記飲料。
(2)鉄が3価鉄である、(1)に記載の飲料。
(3)ピロリン酸第二鉄を含有する、(2)に記載の飲料。
(4)塩化ナトリウムを含有する、(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載の飲料。
(5)熱中症対策飲料である、(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載の飲料。
(a)ナトリウムの含有量が35~120mg/100mlであり、
(b)鉄の含有量が0.2~2mg/100mlである、
上記飲料である。かかる構成を採用することによって、ナトリウム含有飲料において感じられるナトリウム由来の塩味を改善することが可能となる。なお、本明細書において、ナトリウムに由来する塩味とは、飲用後に舌に残る、ぬるぬるした触感を伴う塩味を意味する。
本発明の飲料は、ナトリウムを含有する。本発明においてナトリウムは、飲食品に用いることができる塩の形態、或いはナトリウムを豊富に含む海洋深層水や海藻エキスなどの形態で飲料に添加することができる。本発明で用いることができるナトリウムの塩としては、例えば、塩化ナトリウム、クエン酸二ナトリウム、クエン酸三ナトリウム、L-アスパラギン酸ナトリウム、安息香酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、リン酸三ナトリウムなどが挙げられるが、特にこれらに限定されない。本発明においてナトリウムは、これらのナトリウム塩に由来することができる。本発明の飲料は、好ましくは塩化ナトリウムを含有する。本発明においてナトリウムは、好ましくは塩化ナトリウム由来である。
本発明の飲料は、0.2~2mg/100mlの鉄を含有する。上記の通り、ナトリウムを含む飲料中に、0.2~2mg/100mlの鉄を含有させることにより、ナトリウム由来の塩味を改善することができる。上述した通り、ナトリウムに由来する塩味とは、飲用後に舌に残る、ぬるぬるした触感を伴う塩味を言う。かかる効果のメカニズムは明らかではなく、特定の理論に拘束されるものではないが、舌に鉄イオンが接触することにより、ナトリウム由来のぬるぬるした触感を感じにくくしていることが考えられる。
本発明の飲料においては、ナトリウムの含有量(mg/100ml)に対する鉄の含有量(mg/100ml)の比(鉄含有量/ナトリウム含有量)は、特に限定されないが、例えば0.004以上であり、好ましくは0.006以上、より好ましくは0.012以上である。また、ナトリウムの含有量(mg/100ml)に対する鉄の含有量(mg/100ml)の比(鉄含有量/ナトリウム含有量)は、特に限定されないが、例えば0.057以下である。
本発明の飲料には、本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で、通常の飲料と同様に、甘味料、酸味料、ナトリウム及び鉄以外のミネラル、果汁、香料、色素類、酸化防止剤、乳化剤、保存料、調味料、エキス類、pH調整剤等を配合することができる。また、特に限定されるわけではないが、牛乳や脱脂粉乳に含まれる乳タンパク質は本発明の効果を阻害する可能性があるため、本発明の飲料は牛乳や脱脂粉乳を含有しないことが好ましい。
本発明の飲料のpHは、特に限定されないが、例えばpH2~8であり、好ましくは2~7、より好ましくは2.5~6、さらに好ましくは3~5である。本発明の飲料のpHが3~5である場合、上記の量で鉄を配合することによって、ナトリウム由来の塩味の改善効果に加え、酸味の刺激の抑制効果もみられる。酸性飲料を提供できる観点から、本発明において飲料のpHが6以下であることは好ましい態様の一つであり、より好ましくは、本発明の飲料のpHは4以下である。鉄配合による酸味の刺激抑制効果のメカニズムは明らかではなく、特定の理論に拘束されるものではないが、鉄イオンが有機酸などの酸味成分と結合することで、飲料における酸味がマイルドに感じられるようになると考えられる。
本発明の飲料のBrixは、特に限定されないが、例えば15%以下、好ましくは9%以下、より好ましくは5%以下、さらに好ましくは3%以下である。飲料のBrixが15%を超える場合、本発明の効果が十分に発揮されにくくなることがある。飲料のBrixは、甘味料等を飲料に配合することにより調整することができる。飲料のBrixは、市販の糖度計や屈折計などを用いて測定することができる。なお、本明細書においてBrixは、20℃で測定された屈折率を、ICUMSA(国際砂糖分析統一委員会)の換算表に基づいてショ糖溶液の質量/質量パーセントに換算した値を意味する。Brixの単位は「°Bx」、「%」または「度」で表示される。
本発明の飲料におけるタンパク質濃度は、特に限定されないが、例えば4%未満であり、好ましくは2%未満である。飲料のタンパク質濃度が4%以上となる場合、本発明の効果が十分に発揮されにくくなることがある。特にタンパク質が乳タンパク質である場合、乳成分が舌にまとわりついて鉄の作用効果を阻害することがあり、結果として本発明の効果が十分に得られないことがある。そのため、本発明の飲料において乳タンパク質の濃度は、特に限定されないが、例えば4%未満であり、好ましくは2%未満である。
本発明の飲料の種類は特に限定されず、アルコール飲料であってもよく、或いはソフトドリンクなどの非アルコール飲料であってもよい。本発明の飲料は、好ましくは熱中症対策飲料であることから、非アルコール飲料であることが好ましい。ここで、本発明においてアルコール飲料とは、アルコール度数が1v/v%以上である飲料を意味し、一方、非アルコール飲料とはアルコール度数が1v/v%未満の飲料を意味する。非アルコール飲料としては、例えば、機能性飲料、栄養飲料、フレーバードウォーター(ニアウォーター)系飲料、スポーツ飲料、茶系飲料(穀物茶、緑茶、烏龍茶、紅茶、ブレンド茶等)、コーヒー飲料、炭酸飲料などが挙げられるが、特にこれらに限定されない。本発明の飲料は、好ましくは熱中症対策に適した飲料であることから、栄養飲料、機能性飲料、又はフレーバードウォーター(ニアウォーター)系飲料、スポーツ飲料、茶系飲料であることが好ましい。本明細書において熱中症対策飲料とは、熱中症対策に適している飲料を意味する。ここで、熱中症対策とは、熱中症の発症予防、或いは熱中症の症状軽減を意味する。熱中症対策飲料であることは、商品名や容器又は包装への表示、あるいは商品に関するポスターやテレビCM、店頭POP、説明会などでの説明などにより判断することができる。
本発明の飲料は、運搬容易性や長期保存性の点から、加熱殺菌され、容器に詰められた状態の容器詰飲料であることが好ましい。容器としては特に限定されず、例えば、PETボトル、アルミ缶、スチール缶、紙パック、チルドカップ、瓶などを挙げることができる。中でも、軽量でかつ再栓が可能である容器、例えば、PETボトルのような容器が好ましい。加熱殺菌を行う場合、その方法は特に限定されず、例えばUHT殺菌及びレトルト殺菌等の通常の手法を用いて行うことができる。加熱殺菌処理の温度は特に限定されないが、例えば65~140℃、好ましくは85~120℃である。加熱殺菌処理の時間は特に限定されないが、例えば10~40分である。ただし、上記の条件と同等の殺菌価が得られれば適当な温度で数秒、例えば5~30秒での加熱殺菌処理でもよい。
本発明の飲料は、上述した成分を適宜配合することにより製造することができる。本発明の飲料の製造において、各種成分の配合順序は特に限定されるものではない。また、本発明の飲料の製造においては、上記に示した成分及び材料を配合する工程やそれらの含有量を調整する工程も含むことができる。本発明の飲料の製造における飲料中の成分の種類やその含有量等の各種要素については、本発明の飲料に関して上記した通りであるか、それらから自明である。
塩化ナトリウム及びピロリン酸第二鉄(サンアクティブFe-12A、太陽化学)を純水に添加し、ナトリウム及び鉄の最終濃度が下表に示した濃度となるように各種飲料サンプルを調製した。飲料サンプルは、加熱殺菌処理を行い、その後に500mlペットボトル容器に充填し、容器詰め飲料とした。各飲料サンプルのpHは5.5~7の範囲であり、Brixは1未満であった。
4:ナトリウムに由来する塩味は感じない。
3:ナトリウムに由来する塩味はほとんど感じない。
2:ナトリウムに由来する塩味をやや感じる。
1:ナトリウムに由来する塩味を感じる。
実験例1と同様に、塩化ナトリウム及びピロリン酸第二鉄を純水に添加し、ナトリウム及び鉄の最終濃度が下表に示した濃度となるように各種飲料サンプルを調製した。本実験例での飲料サンプルについては、クエン酸を添加して各飲料のpHが3.5となるように調整した。飲料サンプルは、加熱殺菌処理を行い、その後に500mlペットボトル容器に充填し、容器詰め飲料とした。各飲料サンプルのBrixは1未満であった。
4:酸味の刺激は感じない。
3:酸味の刺激はほとんど感じない。
2:酸味の刺激をやや感じる。
1:酸味の刺激を感じる。
ナトリウム化合物及び鉄化合物を純水に添加し、ナトリウム及び鉄の最終濃度が下表に示した濃度となるように各種飲料サンプルを調製した。ナトリウム化合物としては、塩化ナトリウム又はクエン酸三ナトリウムを使用した。また、鉄化合物としては、ピロリン酸第二鉄(実験例1と同じ)、クエン酸鉄アンモニウム(昭和化工)、又はクエン酸第一鉄ナトリウム(三菱ケミカルフーズ)を用いた。なお、試料3-5では、クエン酸第一ナトリウム由来のナトリウム濃度を考慮して、塩化ナトリウムの添加量を調整した。飲料サンプルは全て、クエン酸を添加してpH3.2に調整した。飲料サンプルは、加熱殺菌処理を行い、その後に500mlペットボトル容器に充填し、容器詰め飲料とした。各飲料サンプルのBrixは1未満であった。
下表に示した配合に従って、スポーツ飲料の飲料サンプルを調製した。飲料サンプルはいずれも、加熱殺菌処理を行い、その後に500mlペットボトル容器に充填し、容器詰め飲料とした。
実験例1と同様に、塩化ナトリウム及びピロリン酸第二鉄を純水に添加し、ナトリウム及び鉄の最終濃度が下表に示した濃度となるように各種飲料サンプルを調製した。飲料サンプルは、加熱殺菌処理を行い、その後に500mlペットボトル容器に充填し、容器詰め飲料とした。各飲料サンプルのpHは5.5~7であり、Brixは1未満であった。
Claims (5)
- ナトリウム及び鉄を含む飲料であって、
(a)ナトリウムの含有量が35~120mg/100mlであり、
(b)鉄の含有量が0.2~2mg/100mlである、
上記飲料。 - 鉄が3価鉄である、請求項1に記載の飲料。
- ピロリン酸第二鉄を含有する、請求項2に記載の飲料。
- 塩化ナトリウムを含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の飲料。
- 熱中症対策飲料である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の飲料。
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EP0003679A1 (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-22 | Michael Anthony Dr. Neaverson | Body replacement therapy formula |
JPH03130060A (ja) * | 1989-07-21 | 1991-06-03 | Snow Brand Milk Prod Co Ltd | 鉄強化飲料の製造方法 |
JP2001518796A (ja) * | 1997-04-16 | 2001-10-16 | ベラ フスズ,ゲオルク | 飲料、濃縮液の組み合わせ、並びに飲料の製造方法 |
JP2008178397A (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-08-07 | Kao Corp | 容器詰飲料 |
JP2015211652A (ja) * | 2014-05-02 | 2015-11-26 | アサヒ飲料株式会社 | 飲料組成物及び熱中症予防剤 |
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EP0003679A1 (en) * | 1978-02-08 | 1979-08-22 | Michael Anthony Dr. Neaverson | Body replacement therapy formula |
JPH03130060A (ja) * | 1989-07-21 | 1991-06-03 | Snow Brand Milk Prod Co Ltd | 鉄強化飲料の製造方法 |
JP2001518796A (ja) * | 1997-04-16 | 2001-10-16 | ベラ フスズ,ゲオルク | 飲料、濃縮液の組み合わせ、並びに飲料の製造方法 |
JP2008178397A (ja) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-08-07 | Kao Corp | 容器詰飲料 |
JP2015211652A (ja) * | 2014-05-02 | 2015-11-26 | アサヒ飲料株式会社 | 飲料組成物及び熱中症予防剤 |
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