WO2021068562A1 - Panneau arrière de module photovoltaïque contenant un polymère modifié par poss - Google Patents
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000013087 polymer photovoltaic Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- -1 acrylic ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
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- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
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Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module back sheet containing a POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) modified polymer.
- POSS polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane
- the basic requirements of the existing photovoltaic module technology for the function of the photovoltaic backplane include:
- the prior art photovoltaic module backsheet is composed of two or more polymer films.
- higher requirements are put forward for the ability of the outer film to block water, hydrolyze, block ultraviolet rays, and resist ultraviolet rays.
- the polymer film of the outer layer of the backplane usually uses fluoroplastics, mainly PVF (polyvinyl fluoride) or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) materials.
- Fluoroplastics have the advantages of resistance to ultraviolet radiation, high flame retardancy, and resistance to hydrolysis.
- fluoroplastics materials have the following disadvantages:
- Fluoroplastics are chemically stable, not easily degraded, and are a composite of multiple materials, so the cost of recycling is too high, so they are often treated by incineration and energy recovery.
- hydrogen fluoride a toxic substance produced by the combustion of fluoroplastics, corrodes equipment and pollutes the atmosphere, causing serious environmental problems;
- PVF and PVDF films have low mechanical strength, low surface hardness and easy scratches.
- the present invention discloses a photovoltaic backsheet containing POSS modified polymer.
- POSS modified polymer film on the photovoltaic module backsheet can improve the moisture barrier of the photovoltaic module backsheet. , Blocking ultraviolet rays, anti-hydrolysis, anti-ultraviolet performance, to achieve environmentally friendly, easy to recycle technical effects.
- POSS is an organic/inorganic hybrid material with a nanostructure.
- POSS has special nano, organic-inorganic hybrid and hollow cage structural characteristics, it can modify polymers at the molecular level to fully hybridize inorganic and organic components, so POSS modified polymers often not only retain It has the excellent processability, toughness and low cost of polymer materials, and at the same time has outstanding heat resistance, oxidation resistance and excellent mechanical properties of inorganic materials.
- POSS's siloxy cage-type framework has strong rigidity and can restrict the movement of molecular chains, so the polymer chain strength is relatively high;
- the size of the POSS cage-type silica cage is in the nanometer range, which can fill the voids in the polymer, reduce shrinkage and increase the toughness of the material;
- the inorganic core of POSS is composed of Si-O bonds, the bond energy is greater than the CC bond energy, and the cage structure of POSS can be physically cross-linked with the broken free chain to prevent the degradation of the polymer segment, so the decomposition temperature Higher, with higher heat resistance.
- silica will be generated on the surface of POSS modified polymer to improve the flame retardant properties of the material, and it will not produce highly toxic hydrogen fluoride gas like fluoroplastics;
- POSS modified polymer has lower surface energy, the surface is hydrophobic, the water permeability is lower than that of fluoroplastics, and under long-term outdoor ultraviolet irradiation, the weak bonds on the surface will be broken to form a silica layer, which will Improve its surface hardness, water blocking and UV blocking ability.
- a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet includes an inner polymer film and an outer polymer film.
- the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS.
- the outer layer polymer film and the inner layer polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer layer polymer film is a POSS modified polymer film, and the thickness of the outer layer polymer film is 2 microns to 20 microns, the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
- the inner polymer film may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
- the POSS-modified polymer is a coating-converted film layer with acrylate as the main body, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
- POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
- the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the weight percentage of POSS in the outer polymer film is 3% to 30%.
- the inner polymer film is a composite film composed of two or more polymer films.
- the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
- the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
- the surface of the outer polymer film is bombarded by atomic oxygen elements and modified in situ to form a thin layer of silicon dioxide.
- the POSS contains an active reactive group, and the POSS is grafted onto the main chain or side chain of the polymer molecule through a reaction to form a pendant polymer.
- the POSS contains two reactive reactive groups, and the POSS is embedded in the polymer molecular chain through reaction to form a block polymer.
- the POSS contains three or more active reactive groups, and a plurality of polymer molecular chains are cross-linked together by reaction to form a cross-linked polymer.
- a photovoltaic module comprising a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulating film and a back plate, characterized in that the photovoltaic module includes any one of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module back plates.
- Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module backsheet of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of POSS in a POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module backsheet of the present invention
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a terminal substituent of a modified polymer.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in FIG. 1 as a side group substituent of a modified polymer.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a modified polymer block.
- Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a modified polymer crosslinking agent.
- 1-POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 11-outer polymer film, 12-inner polymer film, 2-POSS, 3-polymer chain.
- the invention discloses a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, which comprises an inner layer polymer film and an outer layer polymer film, wherein the outer layer polymer film is a POSS modified polymer film.
- POSS has a cage structure (as shown in Figure 2), where R represents an organic group, which can be an active reactive group or a non-reactive group.
- POSS contains an active reactive group, and the rest are non-reactive groups.
- the POSS is grafted onto the main chain or side chain of the polymer molecule through reaction to form a pendant polymer, and the POSS has a terminal group or side chain.
- the base form exists in the polymer.
- the POSS contains two active reactive groups, and the rest are non-reactive groups, and the POSS is embedded into the polymer molecular chain through reaction to form a block polymer.
- POSS contains three or more active reactive groups, and the rest are non-reactive groups.
- the POSS is The polymer acts as a cross-linking agent, linking multiple polymer molecules together to form a network structure.
- the outer polymer film and the inner polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS, and the thickness of the outer polymer film is It is 2 microns to 20 microns, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
- the inner polymer film may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
- the polymer modified by POSS is a coating-converted film layer based on acrylate, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
- the POSS modified polymer coating is a composite material prepared by simple mechanical doping or solution blending with polymer molecules as the matrix and POSS as the filler.
- POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
- the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the weight percentage of POSS in the outer polymer film is 3%-30%.
- the inner polymer film is a composite film formed by compounding two or more polymer films.
- the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified PET film.
- the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
- atomic oxygen is used to bombard the outer surface of the POSS modified polymer film, so that the surface layer loses carbon, hydrogen and other elements, and the exposed Si-O-Si bond reacts with atomic oxygen to form silicon dioxide in situ film.
- the invention also discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulation film and a back plate, and is characterized in that the photovoltaic module includes any of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module back plates.
- FIG. 1 a schematic structural diagram of a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1, using POSS-modified polyolefin as the outer polymer film 11, and using the polyolefin film as the inner polymer film 12, two The layers of films are compounded together in a co-extrusion process to form the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1.
- the outer layer polymer film 11 modified with POSS has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer layer polymer film 11 is 4% to 50%.
- the layered polymer film 11 undertakes the main functions of blocking ultraviolet rays, blocking water vapor, providing surface hardness, and improving the flame retardant grade.
- the inner polymer film 12 bears the main mechanical and electrical strength, and meets the technical requirements for bonding with the internal adhesive film of the photovoltaic module.
- the inner polymer film 12 may be a two-layer or more than two-layer co-extruded composite film.
- a schematic structural diagram of a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 is composed of an outer polymer film 11 modified with POSS and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film. It is composed of the inner polymer film 12, and the POSS-modified outer polymer film 11 is a coating-converted film layer mainly composed of acrylate, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the POSS The weight percentage is 3% to 30%.
- the POSS-modified outer polymer film 11 is formed by coating, cross-linking and curing a POSS-modified polymer coating, which specifically includes the following steps:
- Step 1 Scrape the POSS modified polymer coating uniformly on the inner polymer film 12 to form a POSS modified polymer coating film layer;
- Step 2 Heating to dry, cross-link and mature the POSS modified polymer coating film layer to form the POSS modified outer polymer film layer 11.
- the outer polymer film 11 undertakes the main functions of blocking ultraviolet light, blocking water vapor, and providing surface hardness.
- the inner polymer film 12 undertakes the main mechanical and electrical strength, and meets the requirements of the internal glue of the photovoltaic module. Technical requirements for film gluing.
- the inner polymer film 12 may be a composite film of two or more layers of polymers.
- FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module backsheet 1.
- POSS modified PET is used as the outer polymer film 11
- PET film is used as the inner polymer film 12.
- the adhesive bonding process is compounded together to form the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1.
- the inner polymer film 12 can be a two-layer or more than two-layer composite film.
- the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 obtained from the above embodiment is placed in an atomic oxygen environment, and the outer polymer film of the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 is bombarded with atomic oxygen 11.
- the surface layer loses carbon, hydrogen and other elements, and the exposed Si-O-Si bond reacts with atomic oxygen to form a silicon dioxide film by in-situ modification.
- the present invention discloses a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, which has higher mechanical strength, better toughness, and better toughness than prior art products by adding POSS modified polymer on its surface. Higher working temperature, stronger fire rating, better ability to block water vapor and UV protection, especially conducive to life cycle recovery, and environmentally friendly.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un panneau arrière de module photovoltaïque à polymère modifié par POSS. Étant donné qu'un polymère modifié par POSS est en outre disposé sur une surface du panneau arrière de module photovoltaïque à polymère modifié par POSS, le panneau arrière de module photovoltaïque à polymère modifié par POSS présente une résistance mécanique relativement élevée, une bonne ténacité, une température de travail élevée, une qualité ignifuge élevée, une bonne capacité de blocage de la vapeur d'eau et une capacité de protection contre les ultraviolets, est particulièrement avantageux en matière de restauration de la durée de vie, et est respectueux de l'environnement.
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CN201910961776.2A CN110744881A (zh) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | 一种含有poss改性聚合物的光伏组件封装膜 |
CN201910961776.2 | 2019-10-11 |
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CN116779704A (zh) * | 2023-07-07 | 2023-09-19 | 宁波欧达光电有限公司 | 一种应用高透光率背板材料的光伏组件 |
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CN110744881A (zh) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-04 | 明冠新材料股份有限公司 | 一种含有poss改性聚合物的光伏组件封装膜 |
CN113787802A (zh) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-12-14 | 宁波勤邦新材料科技有限公司 | 一种太阳能电池背板用的pet膜及其制备方法 |
CN114447130B (zh) * | 2022-01-27 | 2024-03-12 | 浙江合特光电有限公司 | 一种高透光柔性复合前板及其制备方法 |
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