WO2021068562A1 - Photovoltaic module backboard containing poss-modified polymer - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module backboard containing poss-modified polymer Download PDF

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WO2021068562A1
WO2021068562A1 PCT/CN2020/098730 CN2020098730W WO2021068562A1 WO 2021068562 A1 WO2021068562 A1 WO 2021068562A1 CN 2020098730 W CN2020098730 W CN 2020098730W WO 2021068562 A1 WO2021068562 A1 WO 2021068562A1
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poss
film
polymer
photovoltaic module
polymer film
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PCT/CN2020/098730
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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李涛勇
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明冠新材料股份有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/04—Coating
    • C08J7/06—Coating with compositions not containing macromolecular substances
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2270/00—Resin or rubber layer containing a blend of at least two different polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2483/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2483/04—Polysiloxanes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module back sheet containing a POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) modified polymer.
  • POSS polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane
  • the basic requirements of the existing photovoltaic module technology for the function of the photovoltaic backplane include:
  • the prior art photovoltaic module backsheet is composed of two or more polymer films.
  • higher requirements are put forward for the ability of the outer film to block water, hydrolyze, block ultraviolet rays, and resist ultraviolet rays.
  • the polymer film of the outer layer of the backplane usually uses fluoroplastics, mainly PVF (polyvinyl fluoride) or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) materials.
  • Fluoroplastics have the advantages of resistance to ultraviolet radiation, high flame retardancy, and resistance to hydrolysis.
  • fluoroplastics materials have the following disadvantages:
  • Fluoroplastics are chemically stable, not easily degraded, and are a composite of multiple materials, so the cost of recycling is too high, so they are often treated by incineration and energy recovery.
  • hydrogen fluoride a toxic substance produced by the combustion of fluoroplastics, corrodes equipment and pollutes the atmosphere, causing serious environmental problems;
  • PVF and PVDF films have low mechanical strength, low surface hardness and easy scratches.
  • the present invention discloses a photovoltaic backsheet containing POSS modified polymer.
  • POSS modified polymer film on the photovoltaic module backsheet can improve the moisture barrier of the photovoltaic module backsheet. , Blocking ultraviolet rays, anti-hydrolysis, anti-ultraviolet performance, to achieve environmentally friendly, easy to recycle technical effects.
  • POSS is an organic/inorganic hybrid material with a nanostructure.
  • POSS has special nano, organic-inorganic hybrid and hollow cage structural characteristics, it can modify polymers at the molecular level to fully hybridize inorganic and organic components, so POSS modified polymers often not only retain It has the excellent processability, toughness and low cost of polymer materials, and at the same time has outstanding heat resistance, oxidation resistance and excellent mechanical properties of inorganic materials.
  • POSS's siloxy cage-type framework has strong rigidity and can restrict the movement of molecular chains, so the polymer chain strength is relatively high;
  • the size of the POSS cage-type silica cage is in the nanometer range, which can fill the voids in the polymer, reduce shrinkage and increase the toughness of the material;
  • the inorganic core of POSS is composed of Si-O bonds, the bond energy is greater than the CC bond energy, and the cage structure of POSS can be physically cross-linked with the broken free chain to prevent the degradation of the polymer segment, so the decomposition temperature Higher, with higher heat resistance.
  • silica will be generated on the surface of POSS modified polymer to improve the flame retardant properties of the material, and it will not produce highly toxic hydrogen fluoride gas like fluoroplastics;
  • POSS modified polymer has lower surface energy, the surface is hydrophobic, the water permeability is lower than that of fluoroplastics, and under long-term outdoor ultraviolet irradiation, the weak bonds on the surface will be broken to form a silica layer, which will Improve its surface hardness, water blocking and UV blocking ability.
  • a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet includes an inner polymer film and an outer polymer film.
  • the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS.
  • the outer layer polymer film and the inner layer polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer layer polymer film is a POSS modified polymer film, and the thickness of the outer layer polymer film is 2 microns to 20 microns, the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
  • the inner polymer film may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
  • the POSS-modified polymer is a coating-converted film layer with acrylate as the main body, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
  • POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
  • the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the weight percentage of POSS in the outer polymer film is 3% to 30%.
  • the inner polymer film is a composite film composed of two or more polymer films.
  • the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
  • the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
  • the surface of the outer polymer film is bombarded by atomic oxygen elements and modified in situ to form a thin layer of silicon dioxide.
  • the POSS contains an active reactive group, and the POSS is grafted onto the main chain or side chain of the polymer molecule through a reaction to form a pendant polymer.
  • the POSS contains two reactive reactive groups, and the POSS is embedded in the polymer molecular chain through reaction to form a block polymer.
  • the POSS contains three or more active reactive groups, and a plurality of polymer molecular chains are cross-linked together by reaction to form a cross-linked polymer.
  • a photovoltaic module comprising a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulating film and a back plate, characterized in that the photovoltaic module includes any one of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module back plates.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module backsheet of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of POSS in a POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module backsheet of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a terminal substituent of a modified polymer.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in FIG. 1 as a side group substituent of a modified polymer.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a modified polymer block.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a modified polymer crosslinking agent.
  • 1-POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 11-outer polymer film, 12-inner polymer film, 2-POSS, 3-polymer chain.
  • the invention discloses a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, which comprises an inner layer polymer film and an outer layer polymer film, wherein the outer layer polymer film is a POSS modified polymer film.
  • POSS has a cage structure (as shown in Figure 2), where R represents an organic group, which can be an active reactive group or a non-reactive group.
  • POSS contains an active reactive group, and the rest are non-reactive groups.
  • the POSS is grafted onto the main chain or side chain of the polymer molecule through reaction to form a pendant polymer, and the POSS has a terminal group or side chain.
  • the base form exists in the polymer.
  • the POSS contains two active reactive groups, and the rest are non-reactive groups, and the POSS is embedded into the polymer molecular chain through reaction to form a block polymer.
  • POSS contains three or more active reactive groups, and the rest are non-reactive groups.
  • the POSS is The polymer acts as a cross-linking agent, linking multiple polymer molecules together to form a network structure.
  • the outer polymer film and the inner polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS, and the thickness of the outer polymer film is It is 2 microns to 20 microns, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
  • the inner polymer film may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
  • the polymer modified by POSS is a coating-converted film layer based on acrylate, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
  • the POSS modified polymer coating is a composite material prepared by simple mechanical doping or solution blending with polymer molecules as the matrix and POSS as the filler.
  • POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
  • the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the weight percentage of POSS in the outer polymer film is 3%-30%.
  • the inner polymer film is a composite film formed by compounding two or more polymer films.
  • the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified PET film.
  • the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
  • atomic oxygen is used to bombard the outer surface of the POSS modified polymer film, so that the surface layer loses carbon, hydrogen and other elements, and the exposed Si-O-Si bond reacts with atomic oxygen to form silicon dioxide in situ film.
  • the invention also discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulation film and a back plate, and is characterized in that the photovoltaic module includes any of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module back plates.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic structural diagram of a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1, using POSS-modified polyolefin as the outer polymer film 11, and using the polyolefin film as the inner polymer film 12, two The layers of films are compounded together in a co-extrusion process to form the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1.
  • the outer layer polymer film 11 modified with POSS has a thickness of 2 ⁇ m to 20 ⁇ m, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer layer polymer film 11 is 4% to 50%.
  • the layered polymer film 11 undertakes the main functions of blocking ultraviolet rays, blocking water vapor, providing surface hardness, and improving the flame retardant grade.
  • the inner polymer film 12 bears the main mechanical and electrical strength, and meets the technical requirements for bonding with the internal adhesive film of the photovoltaic module.
  • the inner polymer film 12 may be a two-layer or more than two-layer co-extruded composite film.
  • a schematic structural diagram of a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 is composed of an outer polymer film 11 modified with POSS and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film. It is composed of the inner polymer film 12, and the POSS-modified outer polymer film 11 is a coating-converted film layer mainly composed of acrylate, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the POSS The weight percentage is 3% to 30%.
  • the POSS-modified outer polymer film 11 is formed by coating, cross-linking and curing a POSS-modified polymer coating, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Scrape the POSS modified polymer coating uniformly on the inner polymer film 12 to form a POSS modified polymer coating film layer;
  • Step 2 Heating to dry, cross-link and mature the POSS modified polymer coating film layer to form the POSS modified outer polymer film layer 11.
  • the outer polymer film 11 undertakes the main functions of blocking ultraviolet light, blocking water vapor, and providing surface hardness.
  • the inner polymer film 12 undertakes the main mechanical and electrical strength, and meets the requirements of the internal glue of the photovoltaic module. Technical requirements for film gluing.
  • the inner polymer film 12 may be a composite film of two or more layers of polymers.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic diagram of the structure of a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module backsheet 1.
  • POSS modified PET is used as the outer polymer film 11
  • PET film is used as the inner polymer film 12.
  • the adhesive bonding process is compounded together to form the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1.
  • the inner polymer film 12 can be a two-layer or more than two-layer composite film.
  • the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 obtained from the above embodiment is placed in an atomic oxygen environment, and the outer polymer film of the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 is bombarded with atomic oxygen 11.
  • the surface layer loses carbon, hydrogen and other elements, and the exposed Si-O-Si bond reacts with atomic oxygen to form a silicon dioxide film by in-situ modification.
  • the present invention discloses a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, which has higher mechanical strength, better toughness, and better toughness than prior art products by adding POSS modified polymer on its surface. Higher working temperature, stronger fire rating, better ability to block water vapor and UV protection, especially conducive to life cycle recovery, and environmentally friendly.

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Abstract

Disclosed is a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module backboard. Due to the fact that a POSS-modified polymer is additionally arranged on a surface of the POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module backboard, the POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module backboard has relatively high mechanical strength, good toughness, a high working temperature, a high fireproof grade, good water vapor blocking capability and ultraviolet protection capability, is particularly advantageous in the recovery of the service life, and is environmentally friendly.

Description

一种含有POSS改性聚合物的光伏背板A photovoltaic back sheet containing POSS modified polymer
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及光伏电池技术领域，具体涉及一种含有POSS(多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷)改性聚合物的光伏组件背板。The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, in particular to a photovoltaic module back sheet containing a POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) modified polymer.
背景技术Background technique
现有光伏组件技术对光伏背板的功能的基本要求包括：The basic requirements of the existing photovoltaic module technology for the function of the photovoltaic backplane include:
1)绝缘性能；1) Insulation performance;
2)水汽防护性能和抗水解性能；2) Water vapor protection performance and hydrolysis resistance;
3)紫外阻隔性能和抗紫外降解性能；3) UV blocking performance and UV degradation resistance;
4)合适的阻燃性能；4) Appropriate flame retardant performance;
5)环境友好性。5) Environmental friendliness.
为满足这些要求，现有技术的光伏组件背板由两层以上的聚合物薄膜复合组成，特别对于其外层的薄膜的阻水抗水解、阻隔紫外线、抗紫外线的能力提出了较高的要求。为此，通常背板外层的聚合物薄膜采用氟塑料，主要是PVF(聚氟乙烯)或PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)材料来担当。In order to meet these requirements, the prior art photovoltaic module backsheet is composed of two or more polymer films. In particular, higher requirements are put forward for the ability of the outer film to block water, hydrolyze, block ultraviolet rays, and resist ultraviolet rays. . For this reason, the polymer film of the outer layer of the backplane usually uses fluoroplastics, mainly PVF (polyvinyl fluoride) or PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride) materials.
氟塑料具有耐紫外辐射、阻燃等级高、抗水解的优点，然而，氟塑料材料具有如下缺点：Fluoroplastics have the advantages of resistance to ultraviolet radiation, high flame retardancy, and resistance to hydrolysis. However, fluoroplastics materials have the following disadvantages:
1)环境友好性较差。氟塑料化学性质稳定、不易降解，而且又是多种材料的复合，故回收利用成本太高，因此常常采用焚烧回收能量的方式处理。然而，氟塑料燃烧产生的毒性物质氟化氢，腐蚀设备污染大气，产生较严重的环境问题；1) Poor environmental friendliness. Fluoroplastics are chemically stable, not easily degraded, and are a composite of multiple materials, so the cost of recycling is too high, so they are often treated by incineration and energy recovery. However, hydrogen fluoride, a toxic substance produced by the combustion of fluoroplastics, corrodes equipment and pollutes the atmosphere, causing serious environmental problems;
2)氟塑料材料对水汽防护性能的缺陷。相对于廉价的聚烯烃材料，PVF和PVDF的防水性能较差；2) Defects of fluoroplastic materials for water vapor protection. Compared with cheap polyolefin materials, PVF and PVDF have poor waterproof performance;
3)PVF和PVDF薄膜的机械强度较低，表面硬度低、容易划伤。3) PVF and PVDF films have low mechanical strength, low surface hardness and easy scratches.
发明内容Summary of the invention
为解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明公开了一种含有POSS改性聚合物的光伏背板，将POSS改性聚合物膜用于光伏组件背板可提高光伏组件背板的阻隔水汽、阻隔紫外线、抗水解、抗紫外线的性能、达到环境友好，便于回收处理的技术效果。In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention discloses a photovoltaic backsheet containing POSS modified polymer. The use of POSS modified polymer film on the photovoltaic module backsheet can improve the moisture barrier of the photovoltaic module backsheet. , Blocking ultraviolet rays, anti-hydrolysis, anti-ultraviolet performance, to achieve environmentally friendly, easy to recycle technical effects.
所谓POSS，是一种具有纳米结构的有机/无机杂化材料，POSS结构简式为(RSiO 1.5) n，其中R表示有机基团，可以是反应性基团或非反应性基团，n一般为6、8、10、12等。其中以n＝8为最常见、最典型的多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷，其分子结构示意如图2。 The so-called POSS is an organic/inorganic hybrid material with a nanostructure. The POSS structure is simply (RSiO 1.5 ) n , where R represents an organic group, which can be a reactive group or a non-reactive group, and n is generally It is 6, 8, 10, 12, etc. Among them, n=8 is the most common and typical polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, and its molecular structure is shown in Figure 2.
由于POSS具有特殊的纳米、有机无机杂化以及中空笼型的结构特点，可以在分子水平上对聚合物进行改性，使无机和有机组分充分杂化，故POSS改性聚合物往往不仅保留了高分子材料优良的加工性、韧性与低成本等特性，同时又具有无机材料突出的耐热、耐氧化性以及优异的力学性能。Because POSS has special nano, organic-inorganic hybrid and hollow cage structural characteristics, it can modify polymers at the molecular level to fully hybridize inorganic and organic components, so POSS modified polymers often not only retain It has the excellent processability, toughness and low cost of polymer materials, and at the same time has outstanding heat resistance, oxidation resistance and excellent mechanical properties of inorganic materials.
POSS改性的聚合物具有如下优点：POSS modified polymers have the following advantages:
1)POSS的硅氧笼型骨架刚性较强，能够限制分子链的运动，因此聚合物链强度较高；1) POSS's siloxy cage-type framework has strong rigidity and can restrict the movement of molecular chains, so the polymer chain strength is relatively high;
2)POSS的硅氧笼型骨架尺寸在纳米级，能够填充聚合物中的空隙，降低收缩性、增加材料的韧性；2) The size of the POSS cage-type silica cage is in the nanometer range, which can fill the voids in the polymer, reduce shrinkage and increase the toughness of the material;
3)POSS的无机内核由Si-O键组成，其键能大于C-C键能，且POSS的笼型结构能与断裂的自由链之间物理交联，阻止聚合物链段的降解，因而分解温度更高，具有较高的耐热性。3) The inorganic core of POSS is composed of Si-O bonds, the bond energy is greater than the CC bond energy, and the cage structure of POSS can be physically cross-linked with the broken free chain to prevent the degradation of the polymer segment, so the decomposition temperature Higher, with higher heat resistance.
4)遇火时，POSS改性聚合物表面会生成二氧化硅，提高材料的阻燃特性，而且，不会像氟塑料那样产生剧毒的氟化氢气体；4) In case of fire, silica will be generated on the surface of POSS modified polymer to improve the flame retardant properties of the material, and it will not produce highly toxic hydrogen fluoride gas like fluoroplastics;
5)POSS改性聚合物具有较低的表面能，表面呈疏水性，透水率比氟塑料低，且在室外紫外 线的长期照射下，其表面的弱键断裂后会生成二氧化硅层，会提高其表面硬度和阻水、阻隔紫外线的能力。5) POSS modified polymer has lower surface energy, the surface is hydrophobic, the water permeability is lower than that of fluoroplastics, and under long-term outdoor ultraviolet irradiation, the weak bonds on the surface will be broken to form a silica layer, which will Improve its surface hardness, water blocking and UV blocking ability.
本发明提供如下技术方案：The present invention provides the following technical solutions:
一种POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板，包括内层聚合物膜和外层聚合物膜，特别是，外层聚合物膜是由POSS改性的聚合物膜。A POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet includes an inner polymer film and an outer polymer film. In particular, the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS.
进一步地，所述外层聚合物膜和内层聚合物膜是共挤出工艺形成的，其中外层聚合物膜是由POSS改性的聚合物膜，所述外层聚合物膜的厚为2微米～20微米，所述外层聚合物膜中所含POSS的重量百分比为4％～50％.Further, the outer layer polymer film and the inner layer polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer layer polymer film is a POSS modified polymer film, and the thickness of the outer layer polymer film is 2 microns to 20 microns, the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
需要说明的是，所述的内层聚合物膜可以是两层或两层以上的聚合物膜共挤出形成的复合膜。It should be noted that the inner polymer film may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
进一步地，所述由POSS改性的聚合物是以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层，其中，丙烯酸酯的重量百分比大于50％，POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％.Further, the POSS-modified polymer is a coating-converted film layer with acrylate as the main body, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
特别的，所述以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层中，POSS富集在膜层的外表面。In particular, in the coating-converted film layer with acrylic ester as the main body, POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
进一步地，所述外层聚合物膜借助于胶黏剂贴合在内层聚合物膜表面，所述外层聚合物膜中POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％.Further, the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the weight percentage of POSS in the outer polymer film is 3% to 30%.
特别的，所述的内层聚合物膜是由两层或两层以上的聚合物膜复合而成的复合膜。In particular, the inner polymer film is a composite film composed of two or more polymer films.
可选地，所述由POSS改性的聚合物是POSS改性PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜。Optionally, the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film.
可选地，所述由POSS改性的聚合物是POSS改性聚烯烃膜。Optionally, the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
进一步地，所述外层聚合物膜表面，经原子态氧元素轰击，原位改性生成有一层二氧化硅薄层。Further, the surface of the outer polymer film is bombarded by atomic oxygen elements and modified in situ to form a thin layer of silicon dioxide.
可选地，所述POSS中含有一个活性反应基团，通过反应将所述POSS接枝到聚合物分子主链或侧链上，形成悬垂聚合物。Optionally, the POSS contains an active reactive group, and the POSS is grafted onto the main chain or side chain of the polymer molecule through a reaction to form a pendant polymer.
可选地，所述POSS中含有两个活性反应基团，通过反应将所述POSS嵌入到聚合物分子链中，形成嵌段聚合物。Optionally, the POSS contains two reactive reactive groups, and the POSS is embedded in the polymer molecular chain through reaction to form a block polymer.
可选地，所述POSS中含有三个及以上的活性反应基团，通过反应将多个聚合物分子链交联在一起，形成交联聚合物。Optionally, the POSS contains three or more active reactive groups, and a plurality of polymer molecular chains are cross-linked together by reaction to form a cross-linked polymer.
在上述方案的基础上，本发明还提供如下技术方案：On the basis of the above solution, the present invention also provides the following technical solutions:
一种光伏组件，包括前面板、光伏电池连接组、封装胶膜和背板、其特征在于：所述光伏组件包括权利要求上述任一光伏组件背板。A photovoltaic module, comprising a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulating film and a back plate, characterized in that the photovoltaic module includes any one of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module back plates.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明一种POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板的一个实施例的结构示意图；图2为本发明一种POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板中，POSS的结构示意图；Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module backsheet of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of POSS in a POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module backsheet of the present invention;
图3为图1所述POSS作为改性聚合物端基取代基的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a terminal substituent of a modified polymer.
图4为图1所述POSS作为改性聚合物侧基取代基的结构示意图。4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in FIG. 1 as a side group substituent of a modified polymer.
图5为图1所述POSS作为改性聚合物嵌段的结构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a modified polymer block.
图6为图1所述POSS作为改性聚合物交联剂的结构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the POSS described in Fig. 1 as a modified polymer crosslinking agent.
图中，1-POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板，11-外层聚合物膜，12-内层聚合物膜，2-POSS，3-聚合物链。In the picture, 1-POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, 11-outer polymer film, 12-inner polymer film, 2-POSS, 3-polymer chain.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下描述用于公开本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变形。在以下描述中界定的本发明的基本原理可以应用于其他实施方案、变形方案、改进方案、等同方案以及没有背离本发明的精神和范围的其他技术方案。The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious modifications. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
本发明公开了一种POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板，包括内层聚合物膜和外层聚合物膜，其中，所述外层聚合物膜是由POSS改性的聚合物膜。The invention discloses a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, which comprises an inner layer polymer film and an outer layer polymer film, wherein the outer layer polymer film is a POSS modified polymer film.
POSS具有笼型结构(如图2所示)，其中R表示有机基团，可以是活性反应基团或非反应基团。POSS has a cage structure (as shown in Figure 2), where R represents an organic group, which can be an active reactive group or a non-reactive group.
可选地，POSS中含有一个活性反应基团，其余为非反应基团，通过反应将所述POSS接枝到聚合物分子主链或侧链上，形成悬垂聚合物，POSS以端基或侧基的形式存在于聚合物中。Optionally, POSS contains an active reactive group, and the rest are non-reactive groups. The POSS is grafted onto the main chain or side chain of the polymer molecule through reaction to form a pendant polymer, and the POSS has a terminal group or side chain. The base form exists in the polymer.
可选地，POSS中含有两个活性反应基团，其余为非反应基团，通过反应将所述POSS嵌入到聚合物分子链中，形成嵌段聚合物。Optionally, the POSS contains two active reactive groups, and the rest are non-reactive groups, and the POSS is embedded into the polymer molecular chain through reaction to form a block polymer.
可选地，POSS中含有三个或三个以上的活性反应基团，其余为非反应基团，通过反应将多个聚合物分子链交联在一起，形成交联聚合物，所述POSS在聚合物中起到交联剂的作用，将多个聚合物分子连接在一起形成网状结构。Optionally, POSS contains three or more active reactive groups, and the rest are non-reactive groups. Through the reaction, multiple polymer molecular chains are cross-linked together to form a cross-linked polymer. The POSS is The polymer acts as a cross-linking agent, linking multiple polymer molecules together to form a network structure.
可选地，所述外层聚合物膜和内层聚合物膜是共挤出工艺形成的，其中外层聚合物膜是由POSS改性的聚合物膜，所述外层聚合物膜的厚为2微米～20微米，所述外层聚合物膜中所含POSS的重量百分比为4％～50％.Optionally, the outer polymer film and the inner polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS, and the thickness of the outer polymer film is It is 2 microns to 20 microns, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
需要说明的是，所述的内层聚合物膜可以是两层或两层以上的聚合物膜共挤出形成的复合膜。It should be noted that the inner polymer film may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
可选地，所述由POSS改性的聚合物是以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层，其中，丙烯酸酯的重量百分比大于50％，POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％.Optionally, the polymer modified by POSS is a coating-converted film layer based on acrylate, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
其中，POSS改性聚合物涂料是以聚合物分子为基体、POSS为填料，通过机械的简单掺杂或溶液共混的方式制备得到的复合材料。Among them, the POSS modified polymer coating is a composite material prepared by simple mechanical doping or solution blending with polymer molecules as the matrix and POSS as the filler.
优选地，所述以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层中，POSS富集在膜层的外表面。Preferably, in the coating-converted film layer mainly composed of acrylate, POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
可选地，所述外层聚合物膜借助于胶黏剂贴合在内层聚合物膜表面，所述外层聚合物膜中POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％。Optionally, the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the weight percentage of POSS in the outer polymer film is 3%-30%.
进一步可选地，内层聚合物膜是由两层或两层以上的聚合物膜复合而成的复合膜。Further optionally, the inner polymer film is a composite film formed by compounding two or more polymer films.
可选地，所述由POSS改性的聚合物是POSS改性PET膜。Optionally, the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified PET film.
可选地，所述由POSS改性的聚合物是POSS改性聚烯烃膜。Optionally, the polymer modified by POSS is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
可选地，采用原子态氧轰击所述POSS改性聚合物膜外表面，使其表层失去碳、氢等元素，裸露出的Si-O-Si键与原子氧反应，原位形成二氧化硅薄膜。Optionally, atomic oxygen is used to bombard the outer surface of the POSS modified polymer film, so that the surface layer loses carbon, hydrogen and other elements, and the exposed Si-O-Si bond reacts with atomic oxygen to form silicon dioxide in situ film.
本发明还公开了一种光伏组件，包括前面板、光伏电池连接组、封装胶膜和背板、其特征在于：所述光伏组件包括上述任一光伏组件背板。The invention also discloses a photovoltaic module, which includes a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulation film and a back plate, and is characterized in that the photovoltaic module includes any of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module back plates.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示，一种POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板1的结构示意图，以POSS改性的聚烯烃为外层聚合物膜11，以聚烯烃膜为内层聚合物膜12，两层膜以共挤出的工艺方法复合在一起，形成POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板1。As shown in Figure 1, a schematic structural diagram of a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1, using POSS-modified polyolefin as the outer polymer film 11, and using the polyolefin film as the inner polymer film 12, two The layers of films are compounded together in a co-extrusion process to form the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1.
优选地，所述以POSS改性的外层聚合物膜11的厚度为2微米～20微米，所述外层聚合物膜11中所含POSS的重量百分比为4％～50％.所述外层聚合物膜11承担了阻隔紫外、阻隔水汽、提供表面硬度、提高阻燃等级的主要职能。Preferably, the outer layer polymer film 11 modified with POSS has a thickness of 2 μm to 20 μm, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer layer polymer film 11 is 4% to 50%. The layered polymer film 11 undertakes the main functions of blocking ultraviolet rays, blocking water vapor, providing surface hardness, and improving the flame retardant grade.
所述内层聚合物膜12，承担了主要的机械和电气强度，以及满足与光伏组件内部胶膜胶粘的技术要求。The inner polymer film 12 bears the main mechanical and electrical strength, and meets the technical requirements for bonding with the internal adhesive film of the photovoltaic module.
需要说明的是，所述的内层聚合物膜12可以是两层或两层以上的共挤出复合膜。It should be noted that the inner polymer film 12 may be a two-layer or more than two-layer co-extruded composite film.
实施例2Example 2
如图1所示，一种POSS改性的聚合物光伏组件背板1的结构示意图，由以POSS改性的外层聚合物膜11，以PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)膜为内层聚合物膜12所组成，所述以POSS改性的外层聚合物膜11，是以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层，其中，丙烯酸酯的重量百分比大于50％，POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％.As shown in Figure 1, a schematic structural diagram of a POSS-modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 is composed of an outer polymer film 11 modified with POSS and a PET (polyethylene terephthalate) film. It is composed of the inner polymer film 12, and the POSS-modified outer polymer film 11 is a coating-converted film layer mainly composed of acrylate, wherein the weight percentage of acrylate is greater than 50%, and the POSS The weight percentage is 3% to 30%.
进一步地，所述POSS改性的外层聚合物膜11是由POSS改性的聚合物涂料经涂覆、交联和 熟化形成，具体包括如下步骤：Further, the POSS-modified outer polymer film 11 is formed by coating, cross-linking and curing a POSS-modified polymer coating, which specifically includes the following steps:
步骤一：将所述POSS改性聚合物涂料均匀刮涂在所述内层聚合物膜12上，形成POSS改性聚合物涂料膜层；Step 1: Scrape the POSS modified polymer coating uniformly on the inner polymer film 12 to form a POSS modified polymer coating film layer;
步骤二：加热使所述POSS改性聚合物涂料膜层干燥、交联、熟化，形成POSS改性的外层聚合物膜层11。Step 2: Heating to dry, cross-link and mature the POSS modified polymer coating film layer to form the POSS modified outer polymer film layer 11.
同样，所述外层聚合物膜11承担了阻隔紫外、阻隔水汽、提供表面硬度的主要职能，所述内层聚合物膜12，承担了主要的机械和电气强度，以及满足与光伏组件内部胶膜胶粘的技术要求。Similarly, the outer polymer film 11 undertakes the main functions of blocking ultraviolet light, blocking water vapor, and providing surface hardness. The inner polymer film 12 undertakes the main mechanical and electrical strength, and meets the requirements of the internal glue of the photovoltaic module. Technical requirements for film gluing.
需要说明的是，所述的内层聚合物膜12可以是两层或两层以上聚合物的复合膜。It should be noted that the inner polymer film 12 may be a composite film of two or more layers of polymers.
实施例3Example 3
如图1所示，一种POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板1的结构示意图，以POSS改性PET为外层聚合物膜11，以PET膜为内层聚合物膜12，两层膜以胶粘剂胶粘的工艺方法复合在一起，形成POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板1。As shown in Figure 1, a schematic diagram of the structure of a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module backsheet 1. POSS modified PET is used as the outer polymer film 11, and the PET film is used as the inner polymer film 12. The adhesive bonding process is compounded together to form the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1.
需要说明的是，所述的内层聚合物膜12可以是两层或两层以上的复合膜。It should be noted that the inner polymer film 12 can be a two-layer or more than two-layer composite film.
实施例4Example 4
由上述实施例得到的POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板1，将其置于原子态氧环境中，用原子态氧轰击所述POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板1的外层聚合物膜11，使其表层失去碳、氢等元素，裸露出的Si-O-Si键与原子氧反应，原位改性生成二氧化硅薄膜。The POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 obtained from the above embodiment is placed in an atomic oxygen environment, and the outer polymer film of the POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet 1 is bombarded with atomic oxygen 11. The surface layer loses carbon, hydrogen and other elements, and the exposed Si-O-Si bond reacts with atomic oxygen to form a silicon dioxide film by in-situ modification.
综上所述，本发明公开了一种POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板，通过在其表面增设POSS改性聚合物使之较现有技术产品具有较高的机械强度、较好的韧性、较高的工作温度、较强的防火等级、较好的阻隔水汽的能力和紫外防护能力，特别是有利于寿命期的回收，环境友好。In summary, the present invention discloses a POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet, which has higher mechanical strength, better toughness, and better toughness than prior art products by adding POSS modified polymer on its surface. Higher working temperature, stronger fire rating, better ability to block water vapor and UV protection, especially conducive to life cycle recovery, and environmentally friendly.
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: The technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments can still be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. The scope, which shall be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.

Claims (11)

  1. 一种POSS改性聚合物光伏组件背板，包括内层聚合物膜和外层聚合物膜，其特征在于：外层聚合物膜是由POSS改性的聚合物膜。A POSS modified polymer photovoltaic module back sheet includes an inner polymer film and an outer polymer film, and is characterized in that the outer polymer film is a polymer film modified by POSS.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：所述外层聚合物膜和内层聚合物膜是共挤出工艺形成的，其中外层聚合物膜是由POSS改性的聚合物膜，所述外层聚合物膜的厚为2微米～20微米，所述外层聚合物膜中所含POSS的重量百分比为4％～50％.The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the outer polymer film and the inner polymer film are formed by a co-extrusion process, wherein the outer polymer film is A polymer film modified by POSS, the outer polymer film has a thickness of 2 to 20 microns, and the weight percentage of POSS contained in the outer polymer film is 4% to 50%.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的内层聚合物膜可以是两层或两层以上的聚合物膜共挤出形成的复合膜。The inner polymer film according to claim 2 may be a composite film formed by co-extrusion of two or more polymer films.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：所述由POSS改性的聚合物是以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层，其中，丙烯酸酯的重量百分比大于50％，POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％.The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the POSS modified polymer is a coating-converted film layer with acrylate as the main body, wherein the acrylate The weight percentage is greater than 50%, and the weight percentage of POSS is 3% to 30%.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：所述以丙烯酸酯为主体的经涂料转化的膜层中，POSS富集在膜层的外表面。The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the coating-converted film layer with acrylic ester as the main body, POSS is concentrated on the outer surface of the film layer.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：所述外层聚合物膜借助于胶黏剂贴合在内层聚合物膜表面，所述外层聚合物膜中POSS的重量百分比为3％～30％。The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the outer polymer film is attached to the surface of the inner polymer film by means of an adhesive, and the outer polymer film is The weight percentage of POSS in the film is 3%-30%.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的内层聚合物膜是由两层或两层以上的聚合物膜复合而成的复合膜。The inner polymer film according to claim 6 is a composite film composed of two or more polymer films.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：所述由POSS改性的聚合物是POSS改性PET膜。The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the POSS modified polymer is a POSS modified PET film.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：所述由POSS改性的聚合物是POSS改性聚烯烃膜。The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, wherein the POSS modified polymer is a POSS modified polyolefin film.
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种POSS改性聚合物复合光伏组件背板，其特征在于：其所述外层聚合物膜表面，经原子态氧元素轰击，原位改性生成有一层二氧化硅薄层。The POSS modified polymer composite photovoltaic module back sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surface of the outer polymer film is bombarded by atomic oxygen elements to form a layer of dioxide after in-situ modification. Thin layer of silicon.
  11. 一种光伏组件，包括前面板、光伏电池连接组、封装胶膜和背板、其特征在于：所述光伏组件包括权利要求1-10所述任一光伏组件背板。A photovoltaic module, comprising a front panel, a photovoltaic cell connection group, an encapsulating adhesive film and a back sheet, characterized in that the photovoltaic module comprises any photovoltaic module back sheet according to claims 1-10.
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