WO2021037279A1 - 新能源汽车用电池散热系统 - Google Patents

新能源汽车用电池散热系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021037279A1
WO2021037279A1 PCT/CN2020/115677 CN2020115677W WO2021037279A1 WO 2021037279 A1 WO2021037279 A1 WO 2021037279A1 CN 2020115677 W CN2020115677 W CN 2020115677W WO 2021037279 A1 WO2021037279 A1 WO 2021037279A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cylinder
heat dissipation
battery
new energy
protective box
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/115677
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚柱
Original Assignee
龚柱
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 龚柱 filed Critical 龚柱
Priority to CN202080022045.2A priority Critical patent/CN113812032B/zh
Priority to GB2115193.1A priority patent/GB2596988A/en
Publication of WO2021037279A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021037279A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
    • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
    • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551—Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6552—Closed pipes transferring heat by thermal conductivity or phase transition, e.g. heat pipes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of equipment for new energy vehicles, in particular to a battery heat dissipation system for new energy vehicles.
  • New energy vehicles driven by electric energy are also called electric vehicles, and their power sources mainly include lithium-ion batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, fuel cells, and lead-acid batteries.
  • the battery in the vehicle will generate high temperature, and when the temperature is too high, it will seriously affect the battery performance and life.
  • most of the heat is dissipated by blowing air by a cooling fan.
  • the "a new energy vehicle battery heat sink" proposed by the application number 2018212414035 this solution detects the car battery by using a temperature sensor.
  • the temperature in the box when the temperature in the car battery box is higher than a set value, the fan is turned on to dissipate heat.
  • the air-cooling mode is mainly that the strong cooling air flows through the surface of the battery for heat exchange and cooling. It is difficult to achieve good heat dissipation by only relying on natural air cooling. effect.
  • Some parts of the cooling liquid are driven by the circulating water pump to circulate the cooling liquid to dissipate heat, such as application number 2018101391104
  • the proposed "New Energy Vehicle Battery Heat Dissipation Device" uses the electric energy in the car battery to drive a circulating water pump to dissipate water circulation by placing the holding tube of the fixed battery in the water. This heat dissipation method has the following disadvantages: 1.
  • the power of the water pump is still Supply by the battery will increase the output power of the battery, which will further cause the battery to heat up, and the heat dissipation effect is general; 2.
  • Using the battery's electric energy to drive the water pump will reduce the battery's power output to the car, causing the car to run after a one-time full charge The distance is limited; 3.
  • the load of the battery is increased, which increases the internal loss of the battery, which ultimately reduces the service life of the battery.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings existing in the prior art, and proposes a battery heat dissipation system for new energy vehicles, which uses different heating conditions in the chambers on both sides of the cylinder, and the sliding plug moves up and down to promote cooling in the condenser tube.
  • Liquid flow so as to quickly dissipate the heat in the battery pack; driven by the heat dissipated by the battery pack, no battery power consumption is required, which not only accelerates the heat dissipation rate of the battery pack, has good heat dissipation effect, but also reduces the load on the battery, which can be extended The service life of the battery.
  • a battery heat dissipation system for a new energy vehicle includes a protective box installed with a plurality of storage batteries, a condenser tube is embedded on the inner wall of the protective box, the condenser tube is filled with coolant, and the inner bottom of the protective box rotates
  • a cylinder is connected, the upper end of the cylinder is provided with a circular groove arranged coaxially with the circular groove, a circular block is connected to the circular groove in a sealed rotation, and the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser tube are both sealed and penetrated through the circular block,
  • the cylinder is embedded with a heat insulation board, and the heat insulation board divides the cylinder into two chambers of the same size and heat insulation, and the upper end of the cylinder is provided with two through holes communicating with the circular groove, And the two through holes are respectively matched with the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the condenser tube, and a driving device for driving the cylinder to rotate is installed in the cylinder.
  • the driving device includes two sliding plugs respectively sealed and slidably connected in the chambers on both sides of the heat insulation board, and the enclosed space formed by the sliding plug, the cylinder and the heat insulation board is filled with thermal expansion liquid, the Iron blocks are embedded on the side wall of the sliding plug, permanent magnets are embedded on the side wall of the protective box, and two opposite side walls of the protective box are respectively provided with ventilation holes and air outlets.
  • the cylinder and the sliding plug are made of copper material with good thermal conductivity.
  • an iron spoiler is slidably connected to the chambers on both sides of the heat insulation board, and the spoiler is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the cylinder by a spring, and the side wall of the protective box is installed There is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is coupled in the charging circuit of the battery pack.
  • the thermal expansion fluid in the cavity on the side of the cylinder close to the battery pack absorbs the heat emitted by the battery and expands to push the sliding plug upward.
  • the temperature of the cavity on the side of the cylinder close to the ventilation hole gradually decreases after being blown by the wind.
  • the thermal expansion liquid in the room gradually retracts, so that the sliding plug in the cavity moves down, which can push the cooling liquid in the condenser tube to flow, thereby quickly dissipating the heat in the battery pack.
  • This cycle can make the cylinder Continuously rotating during the driving process of the car, so that the coolant can continue to flow, so as to continue to dissipate the battery pack, and the device does not need to consume battery power, driven by the heat emitted by the battery pack, which speeds up the heat dissipation of the battery pack , The heat dissipation effect is good, and the load of the battery is reduced at the same time, which can extend the service life of the battery.
  • the electromagnet will generate magnetic force when charging, and the charger will change the alternating current into a direct current with the same direction but the current constantly changing, so that the magnetic force of the electromagnet will also continue.
  • the change under the action of the spring, makes the spoiler in the chamber on the side of the cylinder close to the electromagnet constantly vibrate, which can stir and dissipate the thermal expansion liquid in the chamber, so that the sliding plug in the chamber is also stable when there is no wind. It can move down quickly to ensure the flow speed of the cooling liquid in the condenser tube, so that the device has a high heat dissipation capacity when charging.
  • the high-speed airflow generated by the car when driving is blown to the side of the cylinder close to the ventilation hole, which can cool and dissipate the coolant flowing into the side chamber, without the need to prepare related equipment to dissipate the coolant in the condenser tube. It further reduces the burden of the battery, improves the car's endurance, and increases the service life of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure at A-A in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of changes in the positions of the sliding plug, the iron block and the permanent magnet during the rotation of the cylinder in the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a perspective view of the cylinder in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the cylinder in the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • a battery heat dissipation system for a new energy vehicle includes a protective box 1 installed with multiple batteries 2.
  • a condenser tube 3 is embedded on the inner wall of the protective box 1. It should be noted that the condenser tube 3 is The inner wall of the protective box 1 is distributed in a serpentine shape to increase the contact area with the battery pack so as to efficiently dissipate heat.
  • the condenser tube 3 is filled with coolant, and the inner bottom of the protective box 1 is rotatably connected with a cylinder 4.
  • the upper end of the cylinder 4 is provided with a circular groove 5 coaxially arranged with the circular groove 5, a circular block 6 is connected to the circular groove 5 in a sealed rotation, and the water inlet and outlet ends of the condenser tube 3 are sealed through the circular block 6, and the cylinder 4 is embedded
  • a heat insulation board 7 is provided. It should be noted that the heat insulation board 7 is filled with asbestos with good heat insulation performance.
  • the heat insulation board 7 is vertically arranged on the center line of the cylinder 4, and the heat insulation board 7 is rounded.
  • the cylinder 4 is divided into two chambers of the same size and heat insulation.
  • the upper end of the cylinder 4 is provided with two through holes 8 communicating with the circular groove 5, and the two through holes 8 are respectively connected to the water inlet and the water outlet of the condenser tube 3
  • a driving device for driving the cylinder 4 to rotate is installed in the cylinder 4.
  • the ventilation hole 12 is arranged on the side facing the wind when the car is running.
  • the driving device includes two sliding plugs 9 respectively sealed and slidingly connected in the chambers on both sides of the heat insulation board 7, and the enclosed space formed by the sliding plug 9 and the cylinder 4 and the heat insulation board 7 is filled with thermal expansion liquid, which is thermal expansion
  • thermal expansion liquid which is thermal expansion
  • iron blocks 10 are embedded on the side wall of the sliding plug 9
  • permanent magnets 11 are embedded on the side wall of the protective box 1
  • two opposite side walls of the protective box 1 are respectively provided with ventilation holes 12
  • the air outlet 16, the cylinder 4 and the sliding plug 9 are made of copper material with good thermal conductivity.
  • the iron block 10 is arranged at the edge of the side wall of the sliding plug 9, and the iron blocks 10 on the two sliding plugs 9 are arranged symmetrically along the axis of the cylinder 4, so that the sliding plug 9 in the heat absorption side chamber can be arranged symmetrically.
  • the attraction of the permanent magnet 11 to the iron block 10 on the sliding plug 9 can deflect the cylinder 4 and cause the iron block 10 on the sliding plug 9 to be attracted to the
  • the permanent magnet 11 is attached so that the cylinder 4 rotates 180 degrees.
  • the cylinder 4 when the car is running, the high-speed air is blown from the vent 12 to the side of the cylinder 4 close to the vent 12, and the other side of the cylinder 4 is close to the battery pack and absorbs the heat emitted by the battery. Due to the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation board 7, the cylinder 4 is divided into a heat-absorbing side chamber and a heat-dissipating side chamber;
  • the temperature inside the chamber on the heat-absorbing side gradually rises, and the thermal expansion fluid inside it expands after absorbing heat and pushes the sliding plug 9 in the chamber to move up; while the temperature in the inner chamber on the heat-dissipating side gradually decreases after being blown by the wind.
  • the thermal expansion fluid also retracts the corresponding distance with the temperature change so that the sliding plug 9 in the chamber moves down; in this way, the sliding plug 9 on one side of the cylinder 4 moves up, and the sliding plug 9 on the other side moves down, which can push the inside of the condenser tube 3
  • the coolant flows.
  • the sliding plug 9 on the heat-absorbing side moves up to close to the permanent magnet 11
  • the sliding plug 9 on the heat-dissipating side moves down and away from the permanent magnet 11.
  • the iron block 10 on the sliding plug 9 on the heat-absorbing side is attracted by the permanent magnet 11 to make a circle
  • the cylinder 4 rotates 180 degrees (the change process is shown in Figure 4), so that the heat-absorbing side chamber is close to the vent hole 12 to dissipate heat, and the heat-dissipating side chamber is close to the battery pack to absorb heat, gradually causing the sliding plug in the cylinder 4
  • the position of 9 changes again.
  • the cylinder 4 is rotated again by 180 degrees. This cycle can make the cylinder 4 continue to rotate, and the two sliding plugs 9 in the cylinder 4 will continue to move up and down.
  • the movement can continuously make the cooling liquid in the condenser tube 3 circulate, so that the battery pack can be cooled.
  • the flow rate of the air blown from the vent 12 to the heat dissipation side of the cylinder 4 also increases, which can dissipate heat faster in the heat dissipation side chamber of the cylinder 4.
  • the increase in the speed of the car will also make the battery 2 Increased output power can produce a higher temperature, thereby increasing the temperature difference between the battery 2 and the heat-absorbing side of the cylinder 4, thereby accelerating the heat absorption speed of the heat-absorbing side chamber, so that there are two sliding plugs in the cylinder 4
  • the frequency of the up and down movement of 9 is also increased, and at the same time the rotation speed of the cylinder 4 is increased, and finally the water flow speed in the condenser tube 3 is increased, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the device. Therefore, the device has the function of self-adjusting the heat dissipation effect according to the driving situation of the car.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that an iron spoiler 13 is slidably connected to the chambers on both sides of the heat shield 7, and the spoiler 13 is elastically connected to the inner bottom of the cylinder 4 through a spring 15
  • An electromagnet 14 is installed on the side wall of the protective box 1, and the electromagnet 14 is coupled to the charging circuit of the battery pack.
  • the iron spoiler 13 has wings on both sides to form a cover shape, and the spoiler 13 in the cavity on the side of the cylinder 4 close to the ventilation hole 12 is arranged above the electromagnet 14. Shielding the outwardly diffused magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 14 during charging prevents the electromagnet 14 from exerting an effect on the iron block 10 on the sliding plug 9.
  • the heat dissipation effect on the heat dissipation side of the cylinder 4 is not ideal.
  • the alternating current will be changed to a direct current with the same direction but constantly changing magnitude, so that the permanent magnet 11 during charging generates a magnetic field whose magnetic force varies with the magnitude of the current.
  • the spoiler 13 will vibrate at a high frequency, thereby agitating the thermal expansion liquid in the heat-dissipating side chamber to make it cool quickly, so that the sliding plug 9 in the chamber can also move down quickly, thereby ensuring the condensing tube 3
  • the internal coolant flows faster, so that the battery pack can efficiently dissipate heat when the car is being charged.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 4 is provided with a plurality of vertical ribs 17 in parallel along the axial direction of the cylinder 4.
  • the vertical ribs 17 are perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 4 and are arranged radially outward, between adjacent vertical ribs 17
  • the formed channel is used to receive the air flow blown by the vent hole 12, and the channel is arranged in parallel with the vent hole 12 so that the air flow traverses the surface of the vertical rib 17 and takes away the heat of the cylinder 4 without generating resistance to the rotation of the cylinder 4.
  • the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 4 is provided with a plurality of grooves 18 in parallel along the axial direction of the cylinder 4.
  • the grooves 18 are perpendicular to the outer circumferential surface of the cylinder 4 and are arranged radially inward, the grooves 18 and the ventilation holes 12 It is arranged in parallel, so that the air flow traverses the surface of the groove 18 and takes away the heat of the cylinder 4 while not generating resistance to the rotation of the cylinder 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，包括安装有多个蓄电池的防护箱，所述防护箱的内壁上嵌设有冷凝管，所述冷凝管内填充有冷却液，所述防护箱的内底部转动连接有圆筒，所述圆筒的上端开设有与其同轴设置的圆槽，所述圆槽内密封转动连接有圆块，所述冷凝管的进水端与出水端均密封贯穿圆块，所述圆筒内嵌设有隔热板。本发明通过得圆筒内两侧腔室受热情况不同，在腔室内热膨胀液的作用下，使腔室内的滑塞不断的上下移动，进而推动冷凝管内的冷却液流动，从而快速的将电池组内的热量快速散发出去，同时通过电池组散发的热力驱动，既加快电池组的热量散发速度，同时减少电池的负载，可延长电池的使用寿命。

Description

新能源汽车用电池散热系统 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统。
 背景技术
以电能作为动力驱动的新能源汽车又称为电动汽车，其动力电源主要包括锂离子电池、镍氢电池、燃料电池、铅酸电池。在电动汽车的行驶过程中，由于电流的热效应，汽车内电池会产生高温，而温度过高时会严重影响电池性能和寿命。现有的技术手段中，为解决此问题，大多是通过散热风扇吹风进行散热，如申请号为2018212414035提出的“一种新能源汽车电池散热装置”，该方案通过将温度传感器检测所述汽车电池箱内的温度，当汽车电池箱内温度高于一设定值时开启风扇进行散热，风冷模式主要是强制冷风流经电池表面进行换热冷却，仅仅依靠自然风冷难以达到很好的散热效果。还有部分通过循环水泵驱动冷却液循环流动来进行散热，如申请号为2018101391104 提出的“新能源汽车电池散热装置”，该方案通过将固定电池的容纳筒置于水中，通过汽车电池内电能驱动循环水泵运转进行水循环散热，这种散热方式具有以下缺点，1、水泵动力仍由电池供给，会加大电池的输出功率，进一步地造成电池升温，散热效果一般；2、以电池的电能来驱动水泵运转，会降低电池对汽车动力输出功率，导致汽车一次性充满电后行驶的路程有限；3、增加了蓄电池负载，使得蓄电池内部损耗增加，最终导致降低了蓄电池的使用寿命。鉴于以上技术缺陷，本申请文件提出一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统。
 技术问题
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中存在的缺点，而提出的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其通过圆筒内两侧腔室受热情况不同，滑塞上下移动而推动冷凝管内冷却液流动，从而快速的将电池组内的热量快速散发出去；通过电池组散发的热力驱动，无需消耗蓄电池电能，既加快电池组的热量散发速度，散热效果好，同时减少电池的负载，可延长电池的使用寿命。
 技术解决方案
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用了如下技术方案：
一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，包括安装有多个蓄电池的防护箱，所述防护箱的内壁上嵌设有冷凝管，所述冷凝管内填充有冷却液，所述防护箱的内底部转动连接有圆筒，所述圆筒的上端开设有与其同轴设置的圆槽，所述圆槽内密封转动连接有圆块，所述冷凝管的进水端与出水端均密封贯穿圆块，所述圆筒内嵌设有隔热板，且所述隔热板将圆筒分成两个相同大小且隔热的腔室，所述圆筒上端开设有两个与圆槽连通的通孔，且两个所述通孔分别与冷凝管的进水端与出水端配合，所述圆筒内安装有驱动圆筒转动的驱动装置。
优选地，所述驱动装置包括两个分别密封滑动连接在隔热板两侧腔室内的滑塞，且所述滑塞与圆筒及隔热板形成的密闭空间内填充有热膨胀液，所述滑塞的侧壁上嵌设有铁块，所述防护箱的侧壁上嵌设有永磁铁，所述防护箱的两个相对侧壁上分别开设有通风孔与出风孔，所述圆筒及滑塞采用导热良好的铜材料制成。
优选地，所述隔热板两侧的腔室内均滑动连接有铁制的扰流板，且所述扰流板通过弹簧弹性连接在圆筒的内底部，所述防护箱的侧壁上安装有电磁铁，且所述电磁铁耦合在蓄电池组的充电电路中。
 有益效果
1. 通过圆筒靠近蓄电池组一侧腔室内的热膨胀液吸收电池散发的热量，发生膨胀推动滑塞上移，而圆筒靠近通风孔一侧的腔室受风吹后温度逐渐降低，该腔室内的热膨胀液逐渐回缩，使得该腔室内的滑塞下移，可推动冷凝管内的冷却液流动，从而快速的将电池组内的热量快速散发出去。
2. 通过受热侧腔室内的滑塞上移到与永磁体位置相对时，该滑塞上的铁块被永磁铁吸引，可使圆筒转动180度，使得圆筒受热侧腔室靠近通风孔进行散热，而原先散热侧腔室靠近电池组进行吸热，使得两侧腔室内的滑塞再次发生上下移动，在永磁铁的作用下，圆筒又再次转动180度，如此循环可使圆筒在汽车的行驶过程中持续转动，从而使得冷却液可以持续流动，从而可持续对电池组进行散热，且本装置无需消耗蓄电池电能，通过电池组散发的热力驱动，既加快电池组的热量散发速度，散热效果好，同时减少电池的负载，可延长电池的使用寿命。
3. 通过在汽车行驶速度越快时，内部电池输出功率越大，电池的温度会升的更高，同时随着汽车行驶速度的加快，通风孔流入的空气速度很高，这样圆筒受热侧的腔室内吸热更快，圆筒散热侧的腔室散热也更快，会加速滑塞上下移动的频率，从而加快圆筒的转动速度，从而加快冷凝管内的水流速度，最终可提升效果，因此本装置的散热能力可根据汽车的运转情况进行自我调节。
4. 通过在蓄电池充电电路中设置电磁铁，使电磁铁在充电时产生磁力，而充电器会将交流电变成方向不变但电流大小不断改变的直流电，从而使得电磁铁磁力大小也随之不断改变，在弹簧的作用下，使得圆筒靠近电磁铁的一侧腔室内的扰流板不断抖动，可对该腔室内的热膨胀液进行搅拌散热，使得该腔室内的滑塞在无风时也能快速下移，保证冷凝管内冷却液流动速度，使得本装置在充电时也具有很高的散热能力。
5. 通过汽车在行驶时产生的高速气流吹向圆筒靠近通风孔的一侧，可对流入该侧腔室内的冷却液进行冷却散热，无需配制对冷凝管内的冷却液进行散热的相关设备，进一步减少了蓄电池的负担，提高汽车的续航，增加了蓄电池的使用寿命。
6. 通过将通风孔只设置防护箱的侧壁下端，既实现了对圆筒靠近一侧腔室内的热膨胀液及冷却液的散热，同时也减少防护箱的通透面积，使防护箱的防护性能与蓄电池的散热性能均达到最佳效果。
7. 通过在圆筒的外周面设置与通风空的出风风向平行的立筋，气流在立筋表面划过带走圆筒的热量的同时不对圆筒的转动产生阻力。
8. 通过在圆筒的外周面设置与通风空的出风风向平行的凹槽，气流在凹槽表面划过带走圆筒的热量的同时不对圆筒的转动产生阻力。
 附图说明
在下面参照附图对作为非限制性实施例给出的实施方式的说明中，本发明及其优越性将得到更好的理解，附图如下：
图1为本发明提出的实施例一中的结构示意图；
图2为本发明提出的实施例一中的A-A处结构示意图；
图3为本发明提出的实施例二中的结构示意图；
图4为本发明中圆筒的转动过程中滑塞、铁块及永磁铁的位置的变化示意图；
图5为本发明提出的实施例三中的圆筒的立体图；
图6为本发明提出的实施例四中的圆筒的立体图。
附图标识说明
1.防护箱；                2.蓄电池；                3.冷凝管；
4.圆筒；                    5.圆槽；                    6.圆块；
7.隔热板；                8.通孔；                    9.滑塞；
10.铁块；                  11.永磁铁；              12.通风孔；
13.扰流板；              14.电磁铁；              15.弹簧；
16.出风孔；              17.立筋；                  18.凹槽。
 本发明的实施方式
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
实施方式一
参照图1-2，一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，包括安装有多个蓄电池2的防护箱1，防护箱1的内壁上嵌设有冷凝管3，需要说明的是，冷凝管3在防护箱1的内壁上呈蛇形分布，以增大与蓄电池组的接触面积，从而可高效的进行散热，冷凝管3内填充有冷却液，防护箱1的内底部转动连接有圆筒4，圆筒4的上端开设有与其同轴设置的圆槽5，圆槽5内密封转动连接有圆块6，冷凝管3的进水端与出水端均密封贯穿圆块6，圆筒4内嵌设有隔热板7，需要说明的是，隔热板7内填充有隔热性能良好的石棉，隔热板7竖直设置在位于圆筒4的中心线上，且隔热板7将圆筒4分成两个相同大小且隔热的腔室，圆筒4上端开设有两个与圆槽5连通的通孔8，且两个通孔8分别与冷凝管3的进水端与出水端配合，圆筒4内安装有驱动圆筒4转动的驱动装置。本装置在安装时，将通风孔12设置在汽车行驶时迎风的一侧。
驱动装置包括两个分别密封滑动连接在隔热板7两侧腔室内的滑塞9，且滑塞9与圆筒4及隔热板7形成的密闭空间内填充有热膨胀液，热膨胀液为热膨胀系数较高的乙醇，滑塞9的侧壁上嵌设有铁块10，防护箱1的侧壁上嵌设有永磁铁11，防护箱1的两个相对侧壁上分别开设有通风孔12与出风孔16，圆筒4及滑塞9采用导热良好的铜材料制成。
需要说明的是，铁块10设置在滑塞9的侧壁边缘处，且两个滑塞9上的铁块10沿圆筒4的轴心对称设置，可使吸热侧腔室内滑塞9在上移至与永磁铁11相对时，永磁铁11对该滑塞9上的铁块10的吸力能够使得圆筒4发生偏转，并使对该滑塞9上的铁块10被吸引至与永磁铁11贴合而使得圆筒4转动180度。
本实施例中，汽车在行驶过程中，高速流动的空气由通风孔12吹向圆筒4靠近通风孔12的一侧，圆筒4的另一侧靠近蓄电池组并吸收电池散发处的热量，由于隔热板7的隔热作用，将圆筒4分为吸热侧腔室与散热侧腔室；
吸热侧腔室内部温度逐渐升高，其内部的热膨胀液吸收热量后也膨胀并推动该腔室内的滑塞9上移；而散热侧内腔室受风吹后温度逐渐降低，其内部的热膨胀液也随温度改变而回缩相应距离使得该腔室内的滑塞9下移；这样圆筒4内一侧滑塞9上移，另一侧滑塞9下移，可推动冷凝管3内的冷却液流动。当吸热侧的滑塞9上移至靠近永磁铁11的同时，散热侧滑塞9下移并远离永磁铁11，吸热侧的滑塞9上的铁块10受永磁铁11吸引使得圆筒4转动180度(其变化过程如图4所示)，使得吸热侧腔室靠近通风孔12进行散热，而散热侧腔室靠近蓄电池组进行吸热，逐渐使圆筒4内的滑塞9位置再次发生改变，在永磁铁11的磁力作用下，再次使得圆筒4转动180度，如此循环，可使圆筒4持续转动，进而使得圆筒4内的两个滑塞9不断的上下移动，可以持续的使得冷凝管3内的冷却液循环流动，从而可对蓄电池组进行降温冷却。
当汽车行驶速度加快时，由通风孔12吹向圆筒4散热侧的空气流速也加快，可对圆筒4散热侧腔室进行更快的散热，同时汽车行驶速度的加快也会使得蓄电池2的输出功率加大，可以产生更高的温度，从而加大蓄电池2与圆筒4吸热侧的温度差，进而加快吸热侧腔室的吸热速度，这样圆筒4内两个滑塞9上下移动的频率也随之加快，同时也加快圆筒4的转动的速度，最终使得冷凝管3内的水流速度加快，从而提高本装置的散热效果。因此，本装置具有根据汽车行驶情况自行调节散热效果的功能。
实施方式二
参照图3，与实施例一不同的是，隔热板7两侧的腔室内均滑动连接有铁制的扰流板13，且扰流板13通过弹簧15弹性连接在圆筒4的内底部，防护箱1的侧壁上安装有电磁铁14，且电磁铁14耦合在蓄电池组的充电电路中。
需要说明的是，铁制的扰流板13的两侧带有翼板，形成罩状，圆筒4靠近通风孔12一侧腔室内的扰流板13罩设在电磁铁14的上方，可以屏蔽电磁铁14在充电时产生的向外扩散的磁力，避免电磁铁14对滑塞9上的铁块10产生作用。
本实施例中，当汽车静止充电时，圆筒4散热侧的散热效果并不理想。但是，在汽车充电器的作用下，会将交流电改变为方向不变但大小不断变化的直流电，使得充电时的永磁铁11产生磁力大小随电流大小变化的磁场，在变化的磁力及弹簧的弹力作用下，扰流板13发生高频的抖动，从而搅动散热侧腔室内的热膨胀液，使其快速冷却，进而使得该腔室内的滑塞9也能够较快的下移，从而保证冷凝管3内冷却液流动速度较快，这样在汽车充电时，也能对蓄电池组进行高效散热。
实施方式三
参照图5，圆筒4的外周面沿圆筒4的轴向平行设置多个立筋17，立筋17垂直圆筒4的外周面且沿径向向外设置，相邻立筋17之间形成的通道用于接纳通风孔12吹来的气流，通道与通风孔12平行设置，使得气流在立筋17表面划过带走圆筒4的热量的同时不对圆筒4的转动产生阻力。
实施方式四
参照图6，圆筒4的外周面沿圆筒4的轴向平行设置多个凹槽18，凹槽18垂直圆筒4的外周面且沿径向向内设置，凹槽18与通风孔12平行设置，使得气流在凹槽18表面划过带走圆筒4的热量的同时不对圆筒4的转动产生阻力。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，包括安装有多个蓄电池（2）的防护箱（1），其特征在于，所述防护箱（1）的内壁上嵌设有冷凝管（3），所述冷凝管（3）内填充有冷却液，所述防护箱（1）的内底部转动连接有圆筒（4），所述圆筒（4）的上端开设有与其同轴设置的圆槽（5），所述圆槽（5）内密封转动连接有圆块（6），所述冷凝管（3）的进水端与出水端均密封贯穿圆块（6），所述圆筒（4）内嵌设有隔热板（7），且所述隔热板（7）将圆筒（4）分成两个相同大小且隔热的腔室，所述圆筒（4）上端开设有两个与圆槽（5）连通的通孔（8），且两个所述通孔（8）分别与冷凝管（3）的进水端与出水端配合，所述圆筒（4）内安装有驱动圆筒（4）转动的驱动装置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述驱动装置包括两个分别密封滑动连接在隔热板（7）两侧腔室内的滑塞（9），且所述滑塞（9）与圆筒（4）及隔热板（7）形成的密闭空间内填充有热膨胀液，所述滑塞（9）的侧壁上嵌设有铁块（10），所述防护箱（1）的侧壁上嵌设有永磁铁（11），所述防护箱（1）的两个相对侧壁上分别开设有通风孔（12）与出风孔（16），所述圆筒（4）及滑塞（9）采用导热良好的铜材料制成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述隔热板（7）两侧的腔室内均滑动连接有铁制的扰流板（13），且所述扰流板（13）通过弹簧（15）弹性连接在圆筒（4）的内底部，所述防护箱（1）的侧壁上安装有电磁铁（14），且所述电磁铁（14）耦合在蓄电池组的充电电路中。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述隔热板（7）两侧的腔室内均滑动连接有铁制的扰流板（13），且所述扰流板（13）通过弹簧（15）弹性连接在圆筒（4）的内底部，所述防护箱（1）的侧壁上安装有电磁铁（14），且所述电磁铁（14）耦合在蓄电池组的充电电路中。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述两个滑塞（9）上的铁块（10）沿圆筒（4）的轴心对称设置。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述的扰流板（13）的两侧设置翼板。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述的扰流板（13）的两侧设置翼板。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述圆筒（4）的外周面沿圆筒（4）的轴向平行设置多个立筋（17），立筋（17）垂直圆筒（4）的外周面且沿径向向外设置，相邻立筋（17）之间形成的通道用于接纳通风孔（12）吹来的气流，通道与通风孔（12）平行设置。
  9. 根据权利要求5所述的一种新能源汽车用电池散热系统，其特征在于，所述圆筒（4）的外周面沿圆筒（4）的轴向平行设置多个凹槽（18），凹槽（18）垂直圆筒（4）的外周面且沿径向向内设置，凹槽（18）用于接纳通风孔（12）吹来的气流，凹槽（18）与通风孔（12）平行设置。
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