WO2020231086A1 - 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하기 위한 장치 및 방법과, 상기 장치를 포함하는 배터리 팩 - Google Patents
배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하기 위한 장치 및 방법과, 상기 장치를 포함하는 배터리 팩 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020231086A1 WO2020231086A1 PCT/KR2020/006047 KR2020006047W WO2020231086A1 WO 2020231086 A1 WO2020231086 A1 WO 2020231086A1 KR 2020006047 W KR2020006047 W KR 2020006047W WO 2020231086 A1 WO2020231086 A1 WO 2020231086A1
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- battery
- value
- capacity curve
- degree
- differential capacity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/367—Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
- G01R31/3842—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC combining voltage and current measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for determining the degree of degradation of a battery.
- Another conventional technique for solving the drawbacks of the capacity curve as described above uses a differential voltage analysis (DVA) to determine the degree of degradation of the battery from the differential voltage curve of the battery.
- DVA differential voltage analysis
- the present invention utilizes both the differential capacity curve obtained from the charging process for the battery and the differential capacity curve obtained from the discharging process for the battery, to determine the degree of degradation of the battery. It is an object to provide an apparatus, method and battery pack for determining.
- An apparatus for determining a degree of degradation of a battery generates first sensing information indicating a voltage and a current of the battery during a first period in which the battery is charged with a first constant current, and the battery
- a sensing unit configured to generate second sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery during a second period in which is discharged with a second constant current
- a control unit operatively coupled to the sensing unit.
- the controller is configured to determine a first differential capacity curve of the battery based on the first sensing information.
- the control unit is configured to detect a first charging characteristic point from the first differential capacity curve.
- the control unit is configured to determine a second differential capacity curve of the battery based on the second sensing information.
- the control unit is configured to detect a first discharge characteristic point from the second differential capacity curve.
- the control unit is configured to determine a degree of degradation of the battery based on the first charging characteristic value and the first discharge characteristic value.
- the first charging characteristic value is a voltage value of the first charging characteristic point.
- the first discharge characteristic value is a voltage value of the first discharge characteristic point.
- the controller may be configured to determine, as the first charging feature point, a peak positioned in a first predetermined order among a predetermined number of peaks positioned in the first differential capacity curve.
- the control unit may be configured to determine, as the first discharge characteristic point, a peak positioned in the first predetermined order among a predetermined number of peaks positioned in the second differential capacity curve.
- the controller may be configured to determine a first major difference value indicating an absolute value of a difference between the first charging characteristic value and the first discharge characteristic value.
- the control unit may be configured to determine the degree of degradation of the battery from a first data table in which a correspondence relationship between the first main difference value and the degree of deterioration is recorded, using the first main difference value as an index.
- the controller may be configured to determine a peak positioned in a second predetermined order among the predetermined number of peaks positioned in the first differential capacity curve as a second charging feature point.
- the controller may be configured to determine, as a second discharge characteristic point, a peak positioned in the second predetermined order among the predetermined number of peaks positioned on the second differential capacity curve.
- the control unit may be configured to determine a second main difference value indicating an absolute value of a difference between the second charging characteristic value and the second discharging characteristic value.
- the second charging characteristic value is a voltage value of the second charging characteristic point.
- the second discharge characteristic value is a voltage value of the second discharge characteristic point.
- control unit may be configured to determine the first degeneration factor using the following equation.
- the control unit may be configured to determine the degree of degradation of the battery from a second data table in which a correspondence relationship between the first deterioration factor and the degree of deterioration is recorded, using the first deterioration factor as an index.
- the controller may be configured to determine a first sub-difference value indicating an absolute value of a difference between the first charging characteristic value and the first initial charging characteristic value.
- the controller may be configured to determine a second sub-difference value representing an absolute value of a difference between the first discharge characteristic value and the first initial discharge characteristic value.
- the controller may be configured to determine a degree of degradation of the battery based on the first sub-difference value and the second sub-difference value.
- the control unit may be configured to determine a sum of a product of the first sub-difference value and a first transform coefficient and a product of the second sub-difference value and a second transform coefficient as a second deterioration factor.
- the control unit may be configured to determine the degree of degradation of the battery from a third data table in which a correspondence relationship between the second degeneration factor and the degree of deterioration is recorded, using the second deterioration factor as an index.
- a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention includes the device.
- a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery includes: acquiring first sensing information indicating a voltage and a current of the battery during a first period in which the battery is charged with a first constant current; Acquiring second sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery during a second period in which the battery is discharged with a second constant current; Determining a first differential capacity curve of the battery based on the first sensing information; Determining a second differential capacity curve of the battery based on the second sensing information; Detecting a first charging characteristic point from the first differential capacity curve; Detecting a first discharge characteristic point from the second differential capacity curve; And determining a degree of degradation of the battery based on the first charging characteristic value and the first discharge characteristic value.
- the first charging characteristic value is a voltage value of the first charging characteristic point.
- the first discharge characteristic value is a voltage value of the first discharge characteristic point.
- the determining of the degree of degradation of the battery may include determining a first major difference value representing an absolute value of a difference between the first charging characteristic value and the first discharge characteristic value; And determining the degree of deterioration of the battery from a first data table in which a correspondence relationship between the first main difference value and the degree of degradation is recorded using the first main difference value as an index.
- the degree of deterioration of the battery may be determined by using both a differential capacity curve obtained from a charging process for a battery and a differential capacity curve obtained from a discharging process for a battery. Since the hysteresis characteristic of the battery has a strong correlation with the degree of deterioration of the battery, it is possible to accurately determine the degree of deterioration of the battery compared to the case of using only one of the two differential capacity curves.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a graph illustrating a capacity curve of a battery when the battery is in an initial state of life.
- FIG. 3 is a graph exemplarily showing a differential capacity curve determined from the capacity curve of FIG. 2.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an exemplary differential capacity curve of a battery when the battery is deteriorated from an initial state of life.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- control unit> described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and may be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an exemplary configuration of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery pack 10 is provided to be installed in an electric system 1 (eg, an electric vehicle), and includes a battery B, a switch SW, and a device 100.
- an electric system 1 eg, an electric vehicle
- the battery pack 10 includes a battery B, a switch SW, and a device 100.
- the positive and negative terminals of the battery B are electrically connected to the device 100.
- the battery B includes at least one unit cell.
- the unit cell may be, for example, a lithium ion battery.
- the type of the unit cell is not limited to the lithium ion battery, and another type of battery cell capable of repetitive charge and discharge may be used as the unit cell.
- the switch SW is provided in the path of the current for charging and discharging the battery B. While the switch SW is turned on, charging and discharging of the battery B is possible.
- the switch SW may be a mechanical relay that is turned on and off by a magnetic force of a coil or a semiconductor switch such as a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect transistor (MOSFET). While the switch SW is turned off, charging and discharging of the battery B is stopped.
- the switch SW may be turned on in response to the first switching signal.
- the switch SW may be turned off in response to the second switching signal.
- the apparatus 100 is provided for determining the degree of degradation of the battery B.
- the degree of deterioration may be a value that gradually increases according to the deterioration of the battery B.
- the device 100 includes a sensing unit 110, a control unit 120, and a memory unit 130.
- the device 100 may further include at least one of the interface unit 140 and the switch driver 200.
- the sensing unit 110 includes a voltage sensor 111 and a current sensor 112.
- the voltage sensor 111 is electrically connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the battery B.
- the voltage sensor 111 is configured to measure a voltage across both ends of the battery B every unit time (eg, 0.01 seconds) while the battery B is being charged or discharged.
- the current sensor 112 is installed in the charge/discharge path of the battery B.
- the current sensor 112 is configured to measure the current of the battery B every unit time while the battery B is being charged or discharged.
- the sensing unit 110 is configured to output sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B for each unit time to the controller 120.
- control unit 120 includes application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and microprocessors. It may be implemented using at least one of (microprocessors) and electrical units for performing other functions.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- microprocessors It may be implemented using at least one of (microprocessors) and electrical units for performing other functions.
- the control unit 120 is operatively coupled to at least one of the sensing unit 110, the memory unit 130, the interface unit 140, and the switch driver 200.
- the controller 120 may instruct the switch driver 200 to turn on the switch SW. In other situations, the controller 120 may instruct the switch driver 200 to turn off the switch SW.
- the control unit 120 is configured to store data representing the voltage history, current history, and power storage amount history of the battery B in the memory unit 130 based on the sensing information from the sensing unit 110.
- the history of a parameter means a time-series change of a parameter over a certain period or a specific period.
- the voltage history, current history, and power storage amount history of the battery B may be related to the same period or different periods.
- the power storage amount of the battery B indicates the amount of electric charge stored in the battery B.
- the control unit 120 determines a first capacity curve and a second capacity curve of the battery B.
- the first capacity curve indicates that the battery B is at a first current rate (eg, 0.02) from less than or equal to the first state of charge (SOC) (eg, 5%) to more than the second state of charge (eg, 95%).
- SOC first state of charge
- the first capacity curve is based on first sensing information outputted by the sensing unit 110 during the first period, indicating the voltage and current of the battery B for each unit time.
- the controller 120 may control the switch driver 200 so that the charging current of the first current rate flows through the battery B during the first period.
- the second capacity curve is a voltage history acquired during a period in which the battery B is discharged at a constant current of a second current rate from above the second state of charge to below the first state of charge (hereinafter referred to as ⁇ second period''). It shows the correspondence relationship between and power storage quantity history.
- the second capacity curve is based on second sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B for each unit time output by the sensing unit 110 during the second period.
- the controller 120 may control the switch driver 200 so that the discharge current of the second current rate flows through the battery B during the second period.
- the second current rate may be the same as or different from the first current rate.
- the controller 120 may determine a voltage change amount dV and a power storage amount change amount dQ of the battery B for each unit time from the first capacity curve.
- the control unit 120 stores a first data set indicating a correspondence relationship between the voltage V of the battery B, the amount of power storage Q, the amount of change in voltage dV, and the amount of change in power storage dQ for each unit time, determined from the first capacity curve. Can be stored in 130.
- the controller 120 may determine a first differential capacity curve from the first data set.
- the first differential capacity curve represents a relationship between the voltage V of the battery B during the first period and the ratio dQ/dV of the power storage amount change dQ of the battery B to the voltage change dV of the battery B, It may also be referred to as a first V-dQ/dV curve.
- the controller 120 may determine a voltage change amount dV and a power storage amount change amount dQ of the battery B for each unit time from the second capacity curve.
- the control unit 120 stores a second data set indicating a correspondence relationship between the voltage V of the battery B, the amount of power storage Q, the amount of change in voltage dV, and the amount of change in power storage dQ for each unit time determined from the second capacity curve. Can be stored in 130.
- the controller 120 may determine a second differential capacity curve from the second data set.
- the second differential capacity curve represents the relationship between the voltage V of the battery B and the ratio dQ/dV of the power storage amount change dQ of the battery B to the voltage change dV of the battery B during the second period, It may also be referred to as a second V-dQ/dV curve.
- the memory unit 130 is operatively coupled to the control unit 120.
- the memory unit 130 may be operatively coupled to the sensing unit 110 as well.
- the memory unit 130 is configured to store sensing information from the sensing unit 110.
- the memory unit 130 may store data and programs required for an operation by the control unit 120.
- the memory unit 130 may store data representing a result of an operation performed by the control unit 120.
- the memory unit 130 is, for example, a flash memory type, a hard disk type, a solid state disk type, an SDD type, a multimedia card micro type (multimedia card micro type), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM) ) May include at least one type of storage medium.
- a flash memory type a hard disk type, a solid state disk type, an SDD type, a multimedia card micro type (multimedia card micro type), random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM)
- RAM random access memory
- SRAM static random access memory
- ROM read-only memory
- EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
- PROM programmable read-only memory
- the switch driver 200 is electrically coupled to the device 100 and the switch SW.
- the switch driver 200 is configured to selectively output a first switching signal or a second switching signal to the switch SW in response to a command from the device 100.
- the interface unit 140 is configured to support wired communication or wireless communication between the control unit 120 and the upper controller 2 (eg, an ECU) of the electric system 1.
- Wired communication may be, for example, CAN (controller area network) communication
- wireless communication may be, for example, Zigbee or Bluetooth communication.
- the interface unit 140 may include an output device such as a display or a speaker that provides a result of a process on the degree of deterioration of the battery B performed by the control unit 120 in a user-recognizable form.
- the interface unit 140 may include an input device such as a mouse or a keyboard that can receive data from a user.
- FIG. 2 is a graph exemplarily showing a capacity curve of a battery when the battery is in an initial state of life
- FIG. 3 is a graph exemplarily illustrating a differential capacity curve determined from the capacity curve of FIG. 2.
- the maximum capacity (Q max ) of the battery (B) is the power storage of the battery (B) when the battery (B) is fully charged, that is, when the state of charge (SOC) of the battery (B) is 100%. It can be quantity.
- the maximum capacity Q max of the battery B gradually decreases as the battery B deteriorates.
- the capacity curve 201 when the battery B is in the initial state of life (BOL: Beginning Of Life), the state of charge of the battery B from 0% to 100% constant current at a predetermined current rate. It shows the correspondence between the voltage V of the battery B and the amount of power storage Q obtained through the charging process.
- the capacity curve 202 is obtained through a process of discharging the state of charge of the battery B from 100% to 0% at a constant current of a predetermined current rate when the battery B is in the initial state of life. It shows the correspondence between voltage V and power storage Q.
- the differential capacitance curve 301 is determined from the relationship between the voltage history and the power storage quantity history indicated by the capacitance curve 201.
- the differential capacitance curve 302 is determined from the relationship between the voltage history and the power storage amount history indicated by the capacitance curve 202.
- the differential capacity curve 301 is shown at the top, and the differential capacity curve 302 is shown at the bottom.
- the number of differential capacity curve 301 peak peak (P DI_1, P DI_2, P DI_3) which is located on the total number and differential capacity curve 302 (P CI_1, P CI_2, P CI_3) which is located may be the same have.
- the total number of peaks located in each of the differential capacity curve 301 and the differential capacity curve 302 depends on the electrode material of the battery B and the like. Accordingly, even if the battery B is deteriorated, the total number of peaks located in each of the differential capacity curve 301 and the differential capacity curve 302 may be constant.
- a charging characteristic value representing each voltage value (V CI_1 , V CI_2 , V CI_3 ) of the peaks (P CI_1 , P CI_2 , P CI_3 ) located in the differential capacity curve 301 May be referred to as'feature value') may be stored.
- a discharge characteristic value representing each voltage value (V DI_1 , V DI_2 , V DI_3 ) of the peaks (P DI_1 , P DI_2 , P DI_3 ) located in the differential capacity curve 302 May be referred to as'feature value') may be stored.
- the inventors of the present invention have come to recognize that the hysteresis characteristics of the battery B intensify as the battery B deteriorates from the results of the charging and discharging experiments for the battery having the same specifications as the battery B.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing an exemplary differential capacity curve of a battery when the battery is deteriorated from an initial state of life.
- the differential capacity curve 401 is determined from the relationship between the voltage history and the power storage amount history during the first period.
- the differential capacity curve 402 is determined from the relationship between the voltage history and the power storage amount history during the second period.
- the differential capacity curve 401 is shown at the top, and the differential capacity curve 402 is shown at the bottom.
- a differential capacity curve 401 the differential capacitance curve peak (P CI_1, CI_2 P, P CI_3) and the peak (P CD_1, CD_2 P, P CD_3) equal in number to represent the 301 position.
- a differential capacity curve 402 the differential capacity curve 302 peak (P DI_1, DI_2 P, P DI_3) and the peak (P DD_1, DD_2 P, P DD_3) equal in number indicating the position.
- the peak (P CD_1 ), the peak (P CD_2 ), and the peak (P CD_3 ) are located in the order of the smallest power storage amount.
- Each of the peaks (P CD_1 , P CD_2 , P CD_3 ) is called a'charging characteristic point', and each of the voltage values (V CD_1 , V CD_2 , V CD_3 ) of the peaks (P CD_1 , P CD_2 , P CD_3 ) is called a'charging characteristic value. It can be called'.
- the peak P DD_1 , the peak P DD_2 , and the peak P DD_3 are located in the order of the smallest power storage amount.
- Each of the peaks (P DD_1 , P DD_2 , P DD_3 ) is called a'discharge characteristic point', and each of the voltage values (V DD_1 , V DD_2 , V DD_3 ) of the peaks (P DD_1 , P DD_2 , P DD_3 ) is called a'discharge characteristic value. It can be called'.
- the charging characteristic value of the battery (B) is the more degenerated, (I) a peak (P CD_1, P CD_2, P CD_3) which is located in a differential capacity curve (401) (V CD_1, V CD_2 , V CD_3 ) increases from the initial charge characteristic values (V CI_1 , V CI_2 , V CI_3 ) of peaks (P CI_1 , P CI_2 , P CI_3 ) located in the same order of the differential capacity curve 301 and (II )
- the discharge characteristic values (V DD_1 , V DD_2 , V DD_3 ) of the peaks (P DD_1 , P DD_2 , P DD_3 ) located in the differential capacity curve 402 are the peaks located in the same order of the differential capacity curve 302 ( It can be seen that it decreases from the initial discharge characteristic values (V DI_1 , V DI_2 , V DI_3 ) of P
- the peaks P CD_1 , P CD_2 , P CD_3 of the differential capacity curve 401 shift to the high voltage band
- the peaks P DD_1 , P DD_2 of the differential capacity curve 402 , P DD_3 ) is shifted to the low voltage band.
- the differential capacity curve 401 and the differential capacity curve 402 in the same order (eg, first) of the two peaks (eg, P CD_1 , P DD_1 ) voltage values (eg, V CD_1 , V It was found that the difference between DD_1 ) had a strong correlation with the degree of degradation of the battery B.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 5 may be used to determine the degree of degradation of the battery B in which at least one peak appears in the differential capacity curve.
- step S502 the controller 120 receives first sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B during a first period charged with a first constant current. Obtained from
- step S504 the control unit 120 acquires, from the sensing unit 110, second sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B during the second period discharged by the second constant current.
- step S512 the controller 120 determines a first differential capacity curve of the battery B based on the first sensing information.
- the first differential capacity curve may be the differential capacity curve 401 of FIG. 4.
- step S514 the controller 120 determines a second differential capacity curve of the battery B based on the second sensing information.
- the second differential capacity curve may be the differential capacity curve 402 of FIG. 4.
- the controller 120 detects a charging feature point (eg, P CD_2 ) from the first differential capacity curve.
- the charging characteristic point (eg, P CD_2 ) may be a peak positioned in a predetermined order (eg, second) based on the amount of power storage among all peaks of the first differential capacity curve.
- step S524 the control unit 120 detects a discharge characteristic point (eg, P DD_2 ) from the second differential capacity curve.
- the discharge characteristic point (eg, P DD_2 ) may be a peak positioned in the predetermined order (eg, second) based on the amount of power storage among all peaks of the second differential capacity curve.
- step S530 the controller 120 determines the degree of degradation of the battery B based on the main difference value.
- the main difference value is an absolute value (eg, ⁇ V CD_2 -V DD_2 ⁇ ) of the difference between the charging characteristic value (eg, V CD_2 ) and the discharge characteristic value (eg, V DD_2 ).
- the charging characteristic value (eg, V CD_2 ) is the voltage value of the charging characteristic point (eg, P CD_2 )
- the discharge characteristic value eg, V DD_2
- the control unit 120 uses the main difference value determined in step S530 as an index, and determines the degree of deterioration of the battery B from the first data table in which a correspondence relationship between the main difference value and the degree of deterioration is recorded.
- the first data table may be previously stored in the memory unit 130. As the hysteresis characteristic of the battery B becomes stronger, the main difference value tends to increase. Accordingly, in the first data table, a relatively large main difference value may be related to a relatively large degree of degeneration.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 6 may be used to determine the degree of degradation of the battery B in which at least two peaks appear in the differential capacity curve.
- step S602 the controller 120 senses first sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B during a first period charged with a first constant current. Acquired from (110).
- step S604 the control unit 120 acquires, from the sensing unit 110, second sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B during the second period discharged by the second constant current.
- step S612 the controller 120 determines a first differential capacity curve of the battery B based on the first sensing information.
- the first differential capacity curve may be the differential capacity curve 401 of FIG. 4.
- step S614 the controller 120 determines a second differential capacity curve of the battery B based on the second sensing information.
- the second differential capacity curve may be the differential capacity curve 402 of FIG. 4.
- step S622 the control unit 120 detects first to nth charging feature points from the first differential capacity curve.
- n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2, and is a predetermined value representing a number less than or equal to the total number of peaks located in the first differential capacity curve.
- the i-th charging feature point may be a peak positioned at the i-th among the first to nth charging feature points based on the amount of power storage.
- step S624 the control unit 120 detects the first to nth discharge characteristic points from the second differential capacity curve.
- the i-th discharge characteristic point may be a peak positioned at the i-th among the first to n-th discharge characteristic points based on the amount of power storage.
- the controller 120 determines the degree of deterioration of the battery B based on the first to n-th main difference values.
- the i-th main difference value may be an absolute value of a difference between the i-th charge characteristic value and the i-th discharge characteristic value.
- the i th charging characteristic value is a voltage value of the i th charging characteristic point
- the i th discharge characteristic value is a voltage value of the i th discharge characteristic point.
- the control unit 120 determines a first degeneration factor from the first to nth main difference values.
- the controller 120 may determine the first degeneration factor using Equation 1 below.
- Equation 1 ⁇ V i is the i-th main difference value, V CD_i is the i-th charge characteristic value, V DD_i is the i-th discharge characteristic value, ⁇ i is the i-th predetermined weight, and F deg is the first deterioration factor.
- ⁇ i may be a predetermined value based on an increase rate of the i-th charge characteristic value and a decrease rate of the i-th discharge characteristic value according to the deterioration of the battery B.
- the increase rate of the i-th charging characteristic value may be a ratio of the i-th charging characteristic value to the i-th initial charging characteristic value.
- the reduction rate of the i-th discharge characteristic value may be a ratio of the i-th discharge characteristic value to the i-th initial discharge characteristic value.
- Equation 1 may be expressed by Equation 2 below.
- the control unit 120 uses the first degeneration factor F deg determined in step S630 as an index, and determines the degree of deterioration of the battery B from the second data table in which the correspondence between the first degeneration factor and the degree of degeneration is recorded. do.
- the second data table may be previously stored in the memory unit 130. As the hysteresis characteristic of the battery B becomes stronger, each of the first to nth main difference values tends to increase. Thus, within the second data table, a relatively large first degeneration factor may be associated with a relatively large degree of degeneration.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for determining a degree of degradation of a battery according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
- the method of FIG. 7 may be used to determine the degree of degradation of the battery B in which at least one peak appears in the differential capacity curve.
- step S702 the controller 120 receives first sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B during a first period charged with a first constant current. Acquired from (110).
- step S704 the control unit 120 acquires, from the sensing unit 110, second sensing information indicating the voltage and current of the battery B during the second period discharged by the second constant current.
- step S712 the controller 120 determines a first differential capacity curve of the battery B based on the first sensing information.
- the first differential capacity curve may be the differential capacity curve 401 of FIG. 4.
- step S714 the controller 120 determines a second differential capacity curve of the battery B based on the second sensing information.
- the second differential capacity curve may be the differential capacity curve 402 of FIG. 4.
- the control unit 120 detects a charging characteristic point (eg, P CD_2 ) from the first differential capacity curve.
- the charging characteristic point (eg, P CD_2 ) may be a peak positioned in a predetermined order based on the amount of power storage among all peaks of the first differential capacity curve.
- step S724 the control unit 120 detects a discharge characteristic point (eg, P DD_2 ) from the second differential capacity curve.
- the discharge characteristic point (eg, P DD_2 ) may be a peak positioned in the predetermined order based on the amount of power storage among all peaks of the second differential capacity curve.
- step S730 the control unit 120, the first sub-difference value (eg, ⁇ V CD_2 -V CI_2 ) that is an absolute value of the difference between the charging characteristic value (eg, V CD_2 ) and the initial charging characteristic value (eg, V CI_2 ).
- ⁇ ) and the second sub-difference value e.g., ⁇ V DD_2 -V DI_2 ⁇
- the second sub-difference value e.g., ⁇ V DD_2 -V DI_2 ⁇
- the initial charging characteristic value (eg, V CI_2 ) may be a voltage value of a peak (eg, P CI_2 ) positioned in the predetermined order in the differential capacity curve 301.
- the initial discharge characteristic value (eg, V DI_2 ) may be a voltage value of a peak (eg, P DI_2 ) positioned in the predetermined order in the differential capacity curve 302.
- Charging characteristic value (for example, CD_2 V) is a voltage value of the charging voltage value and the feature point (for example, V CD_2), the discharge characteristic value (for example, V DD_2) is the discharge characteristic point (for example, V DD_2).
- the controller 120 may determine a sum value of the product of the first sub-difference value and the first transform coefficient and the product of the second sub-difference value and the second transform coefficient as the second deterioration factor. Focusing on the fact that the first sub-difference value and the second sub-difference value may be different from each other when the deterioration degree of the battery B is the same, the first and second transforming coefficients are This is a value for adjusting the relative size between the second sub-difference values.
- the first conversion coefficient may be a positive number predetermined based on a correspondence relationship between the deterioration degree of the battery B and the first sub-difference value.
- the second transform coefficient may be a predetermined positive number based on a correspondence relationship between the degradation degree of the battery B and the second sub-difference value.
- the control unit 120 uses the second degeneration factor determined in step S730 as an index to determine the degree of deterioration of the battery B from a third data table in which a correspondence relationship between the second degeneration factor and the degree of degeneration is recorded.
- the third data table may be previously stored in the memory unit 130. As the hysteresis characteristic of the battery B becomes stronger, the first sub difference value and the second sub difference value tend to increase at different speeds. Thus, within the third data table, a relatively large second degeneration factor is associated with a relatively large degree of degeneration.
- the control unit 120 may determine that the battery B is abnormal. In this case, the control unit 120 may output a message for notifying the user that the battery B is abnormal, using the interface unit 140, instead of determining the degree of deterioration of the battery B.
- the control unit 120 sends a message to the user of the degree of deterioration of the battery B to the interface unit 140. Can be used to print.
- the embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only through an apparatus and a method, but may be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiment of the present invention or a recording medium in which the program is recorded. Implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs from the description of the above-described embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하기 위한 장치에 있어서,상기 배터리가 제1 정전류로 충전되는 제1 기간 동안의 상기 배터리의 전압 및 전류를 나타내는 제1 센싱 정보를 생성하고, 상기 배터리가 제2 정전류로 방전되는 제2 기간 동안의 상기 배터리의 전압 및 전류를 나타내는 제2 센싱 정보를 생성하도록 구성되는 센싱부; 및상기 센싱부에 동작 가능하게 결합되는 제어부를 포함하되,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 센싱 정보를 기초로, 상기 배터리의 제1 미분 용량 커브를 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제1 미분 용량 커브로부터 제1 충전 특징점을 검출하도록 구성되고,상기 제2 센싱 정보를 기초로, 상기 배터리의 제2 미분 용량 커브를 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제2 미분 용량 커브로부터 제1 방전 특징점을 검출하도록 구성되고,제1 충전 특징값 및 제1 방전 특징값을 기초로, 상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하도록 구성되되,상기 제1 충전 특징값은, 상기 제1 충전 특징점의 전압값이고,상기 제1 방전 특징값은, 상기 제1 방전 특징점의 전압값인 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 미분 용량 커브에 위치하는 소정 개수의 피크 중, 제1 소정 순서에 위치하는 피크를 상기 제1 충전 특징점으로서 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제2 미분 용량 커브에 위치하는 소정 개수의 피크 중, 상기 제1 소정 순서에 위치하는 피크를 상기 제1 방전 특징점으로서 결정하도록 구성되는 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 충전 특징값과 상기 제1 방전 특징값 간의 차이의 절대값을 나타내는 제1 주요 차이값을 결정하도록 구성되는 장치.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 주요 차이값을 인덱스로 이용하여, 제1 주요 차이값과 퇴화도 간의 대응 관계가 기록되어 있는 제1 데이터 테이블로부터 상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하도록 구성되는 장치.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 소정 개수가 2 이상인 경우, 상기 제1 미분 용량 커브에 위치하는 상기 소정 개수의 피크 중, 제2 소정 순서에 위치하는 피크를 제2 충전 특징점으로서 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제2 미분 용량 커브에 위치하는 상기 소정 개수의 피크 중, 상기 제2 소정 순서에 위치하는 피크를 제2 방전 특징점으로서 결정하도록 구성되고,제2 충전 특징값과 제2 방전 특징값 간의 차이의 절대값을 나타내는 제2 주요 차이값을 결정하도록 구성되되,상기 제2 충전 특징값은 상기 제2 충전 특징점의 전압값이고,상기 제2 방전 특징값은 상기 제2 방전 특징점의 전압값인 장치.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 충전 특징값과 제1 초기 충전 특징값 간의 차이의 절대값을 나타내는 제1 서브 차이값을 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제1 방전 특징값과 제1 초기 방전 특징값 간의 차이의 절대값을 나타내는 제2 서브 차이값을 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제1 서브 차이값과 상기 제2 서브 차이값을 기초로, 상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하도록 구성되는 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 제어부는,상기 제1 서브 차이값과 제1 변환 계수의 곱 및 상기 제2 서브 차이값과 제2 변환 계수의 곱의 합산치를 제2 퇴화 팩터로서 결정하도록 구성되고,상기 제2 퇴화 팩터를 인덱스로서 이용하여, 제2 퇴화 팩터와 퇴화도 간의 대응 관계가 기록되어 있는 제3 데이터 테이블로부터 상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하도록 구성되는 장치.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 상기 장치를 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하기 위한 방법에 있어서,상기 배터리가 제1 정전류로 충전되는 제1 기간 동안의 상기 배터리의 전압 및 전류를 나타내는 제1 센싱 정보를 취득하는 단계;상기 배터리가 제2 정전류로 방전되는 제2 기간 동안의 상기 배터리의 전압 및 전류를 나타내는 제2 센싱 정보를 취득하는 단계;상기 제1 센싱 정보를 기초로, 상기 배터리의 제1 미분 용량 커브를 결정하는 단계;상기 제2 센싱 정보를 기초로, 상기 배터리의 제2 미분 용량 커브를 결정하는 단계;상기 제1 미분 용량 커브로부터 제1 충전 특징점을 검출하는 단계;상기 제2 미분 용량 커브로부터 제1 방전 특징점을 검출하는 단계; 및제1 충전 특징값 및 제1 방전 특징값을 기초로, 상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하는 단계를 포함하되,상기 제1 충전 특징값은, 상기 제1 충전 특징점의 전압값이고,상기 제1 방전 특징값은, 상기 제1 방전 특징점의 전압값인 방법.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하는 단계는,상기 제1 충전 특징값과 상기 제1 방전 특징값 간의 차이의 절대값을 나타내는 제1 주요 차이값을 결정하는 단계; 및상기 제1 주요 차이값을 인덱스로 이용하여, 제1 주요 차이값과 퇴화도 간의 대응 관계가 기록되어 있는 제1 데이터 테이블로부터 상기 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
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EP20806580.5A EP3913385B1 (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2020-05-07 | Apparatus and method for determining degradation degree of battery and battery pack comprising the apparatus |
US17/417,890 US11852688B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2020-05-07 | Apparatus and method for determining degradation degree of battery and battery pack comprising the apparatus |
CN202080005703.7A CN112840221B (zh) | 2019-05-14 | 2020-05-07 | 用于确定电池劣化度的设备和方法及包括设备的电池组 |
JP2021515148A JP7151044B2 (ja) | 2019-05-14 | 2020-05-07 | バッテリーの退化度を決定するための装置及び方法、並びにその装置を含むバッテリーパック |
US18/386,240 US20240061050A1 (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2023-11-01 | Apparatus and method for determining degradation degree of battery and battery pack comprising the apparatus |
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KR1020190056467A KR102537607B1 (ko) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | 배터리의 퇴화도를 결정하기 위한 장치, 방법 및 배터리 팩 |
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US18/386,240 Continuation US20240061050A1 (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2023-11-01 | Apparatus and method for determining degradation degree of battery and battery pack comprising the apparatus |
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KR20220094464A (ko) * | 2020-12-29 | 2022-07-06 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 진단 장치, 배터리 진단 방법, 배터리 팩 및 전기 차량 |
KR20220100469A (ko) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 관리 장치 및 방법 |
KR20220107550A (ko) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-08-02 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 분류 장치 및 방법 |
CN113442787B (zh) * | 2021-05-28 | 2023-06-23 | 上海科列新能源技术有限公司 | 异常单体电芯识别方法、装置、电子设备和存储介质 |
CN114636943B (zh) * | 2022-05-12 | 2022-08-30 | 中创新航科技股份有限公司 | 电池装置、其检测方法、电池单元的筛选方法及装置 |
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CN112840221B (zh) | 2023-09-01 |
US20240061050A1 (en) | 2024-02-22 |
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US20220075000A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
EP3913385A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 |
EP3913385B1 (en) | 2024-06-05 |
US11852688B2 (en) | 2023-12-26 |
KR20200131629A (ko) | 2020-11-24 |
EP3913385A4 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
KR102537607B1 (ko) | 2023-05-25 |
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