WO2020021734A1 - 機能性鶏卵及びその生産方法 - Google Patents
機能性鶏卵及びその生産方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020021734A1 WO2020021734A1 PCT/JP2018/038617 JP2018038617W WO2020021734A1 WO 2020021734 A1 WO2020021734 A1 WO 2020021734A1 JP 2018038617 W JP2018038617 W JP 2018038617W WO 2020021734 A1 WO2020021734 A1 WO 2020021734A1
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- ergothioneine
- chicken egg
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- chicken
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L15/00—Egg products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K30/00—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
- A23K30/12—Dehydration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/70—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds
- A23K50/75—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for birds for poultry
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a functional chicken egg containing ergothioneine, NADH, and the like, and a method for producing the chicken egg.
- Chicken eggs are widely known and eaten in daily diet as an important source of protein in the diet. It is known that chickens that increase or decrease the content of ingredients and ingredients in laying hen feed, or that are fed a diet containing various ingredients and ingredients that are not originally contained in eggs, produce hen eggs that exhibit unique effects. It has been reported that functional substances and components derived from these raw materials and components are accumulated in eggs.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 exist as known techniques of functional chicken eggs.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a functional egg containing 0.5 mg or more of cryptoxanthin per 100 g of edible portion of the egg
- Patent Document 2 discloses a vitamin-enriched chicken egg in which vitamin D and vitamin K are simultaneously fortified.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a chicken egg produced by feeding a chicken with a feed in which seaweed containing a large amount of fucoxanthin is added to the feed, and the chicken egg has an anti-obesity function by containing fucoxanthinol and amarowsiaxanthin A. And has a lean body mass increasing function of increasing body weight excluding fat.
- fucoxanthinol and amalousiaxanthin A are contained in chicken eggs, they do not have the antioxidant ability to eliminate active oxygen.
- Patent Documents 4 to 7 exist as prior documents already patented.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a folic acid-enriched chicken egg containing 60 to 107 ⁇ g of folic acid and 80 to 250 IU of vitamin D per chicken egg. Produce high eggs.
- Patent Document 5 discloses a chicken egg or the like that reduces or eliminates the onset of allergy to the human body. The chicken egg having a serine protease inhibitor content of 0.015% or less is treated with activated water irradiated with infrared rays of a certain wavelength. They use eggs that have been ingested and laid for more than three months.
- These prior art documents 1 to 5 disclose chicken eggs containing functional components / substances, but none of them relate to chicken eggs containing ergothioneine.
- Patent Document 6 proposed by the present applicant exists as a prior document of chicken eggs containing ergothioneine.
- Patent Document 6 includes egg white containing 5 to 13 ⁇ g / g of ergothioneine and egg yolk containing 3 to 13 ⁇ g / g of ergothioneine, and ergothioneine contained in egg white has a radical scavenging ability per unit weight higher than that of ergothioneine contained in egg yolk.
- a chicken egg containing ergothioneine is obtained by concentrating the extract of the waste medium used for mushroom production and feeding it to chickens.
- Patent Document 7 discloses a fermentation production method of ergothioneine. Ergothioneine can be produced inexpensively and in large quantities using a microorganism overexpressing an ergothioneine biosynthetic gene. However, the ergothioneine obtained here has a risk of contaminants at the time of production, and there is a problem in that humans directly ingest from the viewpoint of safety. Patent Document 7 does not disclose chicken feed or chicken eggs.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to contain all components unnecessary for chickens, containing ergothioneine at a high concentration, and having all of the fruit bodies of mushrooms. It is an object of the present invention to provide a functional chicken egg which exhibits a liver function improving effect by feeding a raw material containing a useful ingredient to a chicken.
- the present inventors have focused on mushrooms that are edible fruit bodies and contain a large amount of ergothioneine, and have developed a method for efficiently concentrating edible parts without damaging the components.
- a large amount of ergothioneine not contained in chicken eggs fed with general feed and NADH that promotes efficient energy production in the human body are contained. I found that.
- this chicken egg had a liver function improving effect and the like, and the present invention was reached.
- the present invention is a functional chicken egg which is an egg produced from a chicken fed with a raw material containing ergothioneine, containing 5 to 20 ⁇ g / g of ergothioneine and containing reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
- the raw material in the present invention is a fruit body of edible mushrooms dried and ground.
- the raw material in the present invention is a concentrated extract of Tamagotake mushroom containing ergothionein obtained by concentrating 5 to 9 times the residual liquid used in the production of dried and ground edible mushroom fruit bodies and boiled Tamagotake mushrooms, the fruiting body and fruiting body Ergothioneine-containing material produced using a microorganism other than the above, any of the fruiting body and the artificially synthesized ergothioneine-containing material.
- the edible mushroom used in the present invention is a mushroom composed of any one or a combination of two or more selected from Tamagitake, Enokitake, Elingi, and Shiitake.
- the egg white and egg yolk of the functional chicken egg in the present invention can be freeze-dried to obtain a crushed powder.
- the functional chicken egg and powdered chicken egg of the present invention are suitable for edible use by persons with hepatic dysfunction, and can be used as processed foods using these as raw materials.
- the method for producing a functional chicken egg comprises producing a compound feed in which 1 g to 5 g of an ergothioneine-containing raw material obtained by drying and pulverizing the fruit body of an edible mushroom is mixed with 110 g of a chicken general feed, and the compound feed is produced.
- the chicken is fed to a chicken every day for 36 days or more to obtain a chicken egg containing 5 to 20 ⁇ g / g of ergothioneine and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH).
- NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- the method for producing a functional chicken egg of the present invention is characterized in that a compound feed obtained by mixing 1 g to 5 g of an ergothioneine-containing raw material obtained by drying and pulverizing fruit bodies of edible mushrooms with 110 g of a general feed for chicken; A mixed feed prepared by mixing 2 to 4 cc of 110 g of a general feed for chickens with a concentrated extract of Euglena mushroom containing ergothioneine obtained by concentrating the residual liquid used in the production 5 to 9 times, and simultaneously mixing each of the mixed feeds
- the chickens were fed daily for at least 36 days, or the feeds were fed alternately and alternately every other day for at least 36 days, containing 5-20 ⁇ g / g ergothioneine and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). It is intended to obtain chicken eggs containing.
- the liver function of the damaged liver is improved by eating the functional chicken eggs of the present invention.
- Test Example 1 When the feeding test of Test Example 1 is converted into humans, the effect of improving the liver function indicators AST and ALT can be expected when a human with reduced liver function feeds the functional chicken eggs of the present invention two times a day. .
- a functional chicken egg according to the present invention (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “functional chicken egg”) and a method for producing the same will be described. It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described here, and the embodiments can be appropriately modified within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
- ⁇ ⁇ Ergothioneine contained in functional chicken eggs is known to have a high antioxidant effect and to exhibit functions such as aging prevention when ingested into the human body.
- the body of the mushrooms contains a large amount of ergothioneine, and ergothioneine is transferred to the eggs produced by feeding the chickens with the ingredients containing ergothioneine, and ergothioneine is taken into the body by eating the eggs. Accumulation in some organs has been confirmed.
- NADH nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide contained in functional chicken eggs
- NADH is an electron carrier (energy carrier) used in all eukaryotes and many archaebacteria and eubacteria, and as a source of electrons or hydrogen atoms, a source of vital activities such as sugar metabolism and TCA cycle.
- Is a useful substance related to coenzymes with many enzymes involved in NADH is a coenzyme called niacin that makes human skin and thoughts “normally drive”, and supports the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which supports muscle contraction and extension.
- NADH has also been receiving attention as a component related to the function of the sirtuin gene (longevity gene). Such NADH is a substance that promotes efficient energy production in the body.
- Glycerophosphocholine contained in functional chicken eggs is a kind of naturally occurring choline derivative and is contained in brain and milk. It is a precursor of acetylcholine that acts on the parasympathetic nerve, and is used as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease and a growth support agent for children.
- Thiamine is also called vitamin B1 and is classified as a water-soluble vitamin. It is a nutrient required to convert glucose into energy.
- GABA GABA
- GABA GABA
- GABA is generally widely used as ⁇ -aminobutyric acid or 4-aminobutyric acid, which is one of the amino acids and mainly functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter.
- Glycyl-glycine has the effect of suppressing pore inflammation and reducing pore opening, has a high moisturizing effect, and has the effect of adjusting skin texture.
- the functional hen egg of the present invention is an egg produced from a chicken fed with a raw material containing ergothioneine, containing 5 to 20 ⁇ g / g of ergothioneine and NADH.
- glycerophosphocholine is 1.7 to 2.3 times that of ordinary chicken eggs
- Thiamine (vitamin B1) is 1.6 to 2.2 times that of ordinary chicken eggs
- GABA is 1. It contains 5 to 2.1 times and glycylglycine 1.5 to 2.1 times that of ordinary chicken eggs.
- Such a functional chicken egg can be used as a raw material for processed foods such as pudding, sweet buns, supplements, and mayonnaise.
- functional chicken eggs can also be used as raw materials for cosmetics, drugs, etc., and are expected to have an effect of improving liver dysfunction and skin inflammation.
- the functional chicken egg of the present invention contains NADH in addition to ergothioneine, and glycerophosphocholine and the like are compared with general chicken eggs. It is contained in large quantities. The reason is that the fruit body of the mushroom contains various ergothionein and various useful components inherent in the fruit body, and is a chicken egg produced by feeding raw materials containing ergothioneine and other useful components. It is thought that it is.
- step S1 raw materials to be fed to chickens are obtained (dry concentration step / step S1, pulverizing step / step S2, ergothioneine-containing selection step / step S3 to be added to the raw materials).
- step S3 only the raw materials obtained in steps S1 and S2, or the raw materials and the ergothioneine-containing material selected in step S3 are blended into a general chicken feed and given to chickens (blending, feed feeding step, step S4).
- the useful components such as ergothioneine derived from the raw materials are transferred to and contained in the eggs, the eggs are collected (component transfer, egg collecting process, step S5).
- the "chicken general feed” is a commonly used chicken feed, and is a powdery material made from corn, soybean meal, oil cake, fish meal and the like.
- the general feed for chickens used in the present invention is not limited to these, and may be a feed using various raw materials or a feed used in general households rearing chickens for egg collection.
- step S1 the present invention employs concentration by drying as a method for concentrating edible mushroom fruit bodies containing ergothioneine (hereinafter, simply referred to as "fruit bodies").
- This method of drying and concentrating is a method of concentrating the fruiting body at the lowest cost and without losing the components. Water content contained in the fruiting body is reduced by drying the fruiting body, and useful components of the fruiting body are impaired. It is concentrated without.
- step S1 until the moisture content in the fruit body is reduced to 5% to 30%, preferably 8% to 20% by hot air of 40 ° C. to 80 ° C., preferably 50 ° C. to 70 ° C. using a hot air dryer.
- the fruiting body is dried to obtain a dried fruiting body. Since the moisture content of a fruit body of a typical mushroom before drying is 90% to 96%, the active ingredient of the dried fruit body must be concentrated to 2.5 to 11 times, or 3 to 8 times. become.
- ash mushrooms As the edible mushrooms used in the present invention, ash mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms, eryngii, shiitake mushrooms, sasacrehi toyake, kurokurotake, shiromai mushrooms, agtake, tokiirohiratake, yamabushitake, and akadama mushrooms are suitable.
- step S2 the fruit body dried and concentrated in step S1 is crushed using a crusher to a size of 0.05 mm to 3.5 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 2 mm to obtain a raw material to be fed to chickens.
- This pulverization step is carried out in order to efficiently absorb the useful components contained in the fruit body into the chicken body.
- Step S3 is a step performed when the ergothioneine content of the fruiting body used in Steps S1 and S2 is low or the cost of the fruiting body is high.
- step S3 a concentrated extract of Tamamogi mushroom containing ergothioneine obtained by concentrating the residual liquid used for boiled Tamamotake mushrooms 5 to 9 times, and an ergothioneine-containing substance produced using microorganisms other than fruiting bodies (Patent Document 7)
- An ergothioneine-containing material such as artificially synthesized ergothioneine is appropriately selected from ergothioneine-containing materials and used as a raw material additive.
- ergothioneine-containing substances produced by microorganisms other than the above fruiting bodies have a problem in that humans directly ingest in terms of safety due to the risk of contamination by foreign substances during production.
- ergothioneine binds to the transporter and is taken into the body of the chicken and transported to the egg, contaminants cannot pass through the same route as ergothioneine, and only ergothioneine is transported to the egg. Therefore, it becomes possible for a human to feed a chicken egg to which ergothioneine has been transferred from such an ergothioneine-containing substance.
- step S4 the raw material produced from the fruiting bodies obtained in steps S1 and S2 is mixed with 110 g of chicken general feed in an amount of 1 g to 5 g, preferably 2 g to 3 g, and given to the chicken. If necessary, 2 to 4 cc, preferably 3 to 3.5 cc of the ergothioneine-containing material selected in step S3 is blended with 110 g of a general feed for chickens and given to the chicken. It should be noted that the chicken can be fed only the compound feed of the raw material produced by the fruiting body, or the chicken can be given both the compound feed of the raw material produced by the fruiting body and the compound feed of the ergothioneine-containing substance.
- the compound feed of the raw material produced by the fruiting body and the compound feed of the ergothioneine-containing substance may be separately and alternately fed to chickens every other day. It is also possible to mix the compound feed and the compound feed containing the ergothioneine-containing substance at a rate of ⁇ of the amount to be fed each day, and to feed them at the same time every day.
- the ergothioneine-containing substance it is possible to supplement chicken eggs with ergothioneine using inexpensive raw materials without losing the advantage of feeding the raw materials produced by the fruiting bodies.
- step S5 ergothioneine is transferred into the hen's egg along with the start of feeding of the raw material, and NADH and the like generated due to components derived from the fruiting body are included in the hen's egg.
- the increase in the concentration of ergothioneine in the egg is saturated, and NADH and the like are contained in the egg.
- a functional chicken egg of the invention is obtained. It is considered that nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD +) is converted to NADH in chicken eggs by feeding the raw materials continuously for 36 days or more.
- NAD + nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
- the fruit body of Tamagitake mushroom was used as the fruit body as a raw material, and the concentration was performed by drying at the lowest cost and without losing the components.
- the dried fruit body of the seed was dried by hot air of about 60 ° C. using a hot air drier to reduce the moisture content of the fruit body to about 13%, and dried and concentrated to obtain a fruit body of the dried seed.
- the dried and concentrated eggplant body of Agaricus blazei was crushed to a size of about 1 mm to obtain a crushed fruit body (step S2 in FIG. 1).
- the residual liquid used in the production of boiled Tamago mushrooms was concentrated about 8 times as an additive to the raw material, and the amount of dried liquid was low.
- a concentrated extract of Pleurotus cornucopia containing 1,100 mg of ergothioneine was selected (step S3 in FIG. 1).
- crushed Agaricus blazei fruit body and concentrated Agaricus blazei extract were used. About 2.5 g of the crushed fruit body was blended with 110 g of chicken general feed, and about 3 cc of the Egg mushroom extract concentrate was blended with 110 g of chicken general feed.
- the crushed fruiting bodies and the concentrated extract of Hemophilus mushroom mixed in the general feed for chickens were separately fed to the chickens alternately every other day for a total of 36 days (step S4 in FIG. 1).
- the feed thus produced was fed to chickens continuously for 36 days and then egg-collected (step S5 in FIG. 1).
- the collected egg contains ergothioneine, NADH, and the like.
- Example 1 A chicken egg produced by a chicken of the same breed and of the same age and fed a general feed for chicken that does not contain the crushed fruit body of Agaricus blazei and the extract concentrate of Agaricus blazei (hereinafter referred to as “general chicken egg”)
- the components of the chicken eggs obtained in (1) (hereinafter referred to as “functional chicken eggs”) were compared.
- a general chicken egg and a functional chicken egg respectively, a general chicken egg mixture and a functional chicken egg mixture in which the egg white and the yolk were taken out by breaking each shell were prepared, and the components were compared.
- ⁇ Egg components are separated from each of the general egg mixture and the functional egg mixture using a capillary electrophoresis device (CE device: ⁇ Capillary ⁇ Electrophoresis) according to migration time (MT: ⁇ Migration ⁇ Time).
- CE device ⁇ Capillary ⁇ Electrophoresis
- MT Migration ⁇ Time
- TOF / MS device Time-of-Flight-Mass-Spectrometry
- Is ionized, and the ions are accelerated by the electric field in the TOF / MS device. Ions undergo an acceleration in an electric field according to a mass-to-charge ratio (m / z: m is the mass of the ions, z is the charge of the ions).
- Substances contained in chicken eggs are precisely separated by the difference in m / z depending on the flight time to reach the ion detector in the TOF / MS device.
- the ion detector of the TOF / MS device measured the fractionated ionic strength to obtain a measured value (peak area) proportional to the content of each substance contained in the egg.
- Table 1 compares the peak area for each mass-to-charge ratio obtained by measurement with the TOF / MS apparatus with a database in which the peak areas for each mass-to-charge ratio of known human metabolites are collected. The name of the substance identified as the closest within ⁇ 10 ppm in m / z for ⁇ 30 seconds is described.
- Table 1 shows values obtained by comparing the average value of the contents of NADH and the like contained in the functional chicken eggs with the average value of the contents of the substances contained in the general chicken eggs.
- NADH not detected in general chicken eggs was detected only in functional chicken eggs.
- the comparison values of glycerophosphocholine, Thiamine (vitamin B1), GABA, and glycylglycine (Glycyl-glycine) in general chicken eggs and functional chicken eggs are as follows: The content of glycerophosphocholine in functional eggs is 2.0 times that of ordinary eggs, The content of Thiamine (vitamin B1) in functional chicken eggs is 1.9 times that of general chicken eggs, The content of GABA in functional chicken eggs is 1.8 times that of general chicken eggs, The content of glycylglycine in the functional chicken egg was 1.8 times that of a general chicken egg.
- the CE-TOF / MS capillary electrophoresis-time-of-flight mass spectrometer used could confirm that NADH was contained, but could not accurately measure the content of NADH and the like in chicken eggs. Therefore, the components of the egg are separated by the CE device, the components of the egg are ionized by the TOF-MS device, the substances contained in the egg are separated for each mass-to-charge ratio of the ions, and the separated ionic strength is measured. Based on the measured value (peak area) in proportion to the content of each substance contained in the hen's egg, a comparison value of the content between the general hen's egg and the functional hen's egg was calculated.
- the egg white and egg yolk obtained by breaking the shell of the chicken egg obtained in Example 1 were freeze-dried by a freeze-drying and pulverizing machine and then pulverized to obtain a powdered chicken egg (hereinafter referred to as “powdered chicken egg”). .
- This powdered chicken egg was used in Test Example 1.
- the eggs are dried using a freeze dryer, but other drying methods such as spray drying may be used.
- mice and hepatic dysfunction model mice were produced, and the powdered chicken eggs obtained in Example 3 were fed to the mice, and the liver function indices AST and ALT were measured to perform an effect test for improving hepatic dysfunction.
- CD1 CD1
- Test group 1 (con) is a healthy mouse without hepatic dysfunction, and this mouse was fed a commonly used feed (LabDiet5001, trade name) for 9 weeks.
- Test plot 2 (injury), test plot 3 (1X), test plot 4 (2X), test plot 5 (5X), and test plot 6 (sily) are all mice having hepatic dysfunction. Mice were administered 1 mL / kg of carbon tetrachloride at a concentration of 20% twice a week for 16 weeks for a total of 8 weeks.
- the powdered chicken eggs obtained in Example 3 were dissolved in 2 mL of pure water, and 0.099 g, 0.198 g and 0.495 g per day were applied for 9 weeks. Food.
- the feeding amount of powdered chicken eggs to mice with hepatic impairment is 0.099 g, calculated as the equivalent of two standard eggs eaten by humans, based on the conversion ratio commonly used in human liver function clinical tests.
- the liver function improving drug silymarin was dissolved at a dose of 50 mg per day in 5 mL of pure water and administered to the liver dysfunction mouse of Test Group 6 for 9 weeks. In addition, only the normal feed was fed to the liver dysfunction mouse in the test section 2 (injury).
- Table 2 shows the average values of the measured values of AST and ALT of the mice in each of the test groups, and the liver function indices AST and ALT of the mice in Test Group 3, Test Group 4, Test Group 5 and Test Group 6, and Test Group 2 (Injury) shows the improvement rate of liver dysfunction mice.
- the AST improvement rate was 12.9% in the test plot 3 (1X), 29.8% in the test plot 4 (2X), and 52.0% in the test plot 5 (5X). The rate was 12.4% in test plot 3 (1X), 20.5% in test plot 4 (2X), and 56.6% in test plot 5 (5X). It was confirmed that the obstacle was greatly improved.
- the AST improvement rate of the mouse in the test section 6 was 73.2%, and the ALT improvement rate was 64.2%.
- FIG. 2 shows AST measurement values
- FIG. 3 shows ALT measurement values in the form of graphs of the measurement values.
- the liver function index AST and ALT of the liver dysfunction mouse of 5X improved the value as the amount of powdered chicken egg fed increased, and approached the value of the mice in test group 6 (sily) to which silymarin was administered. It was confirmed that. In other words, it can be confirmed that the liver dysfunction of the mice with hepatic dysfunction in the test groups 3 to 5 is improved as the feeding amount of the functional egg of the present invention is increased.
- Example 2 A 50-year-old Japanese woman who had been suffering from severe "chronic urticaria" for over 40 years, had two eggs per day obtained in Example 1 and "eggaki” made using these eggs. I continued to eat about 4 each day. As a result, it was confirmed that the symptoms of urticaria became light about 5 months after the start of eating, and that the symptoms were almost completely cured about 2 years later.
- Test Example 3 A questionnaire survey was conducted on a total of 78 Japanese (people who do not have egg allergies) in their teens and 70s, including 84-year-olds suffering from rough hands, dryness, and itching, for the effects of improving hand roughness and the like. Each person continued to eat two eggs per day for two months every day for two months. As a result, it was confirmed that 67 persons had good improvement effects such as rough hands, dryness and itchiness, and 11 persons did not show any improvement.
- Example 2 showing that a substance contained only in the functional chicken egg and a plurality of substances / components contained more in the functional chicken egg compared to the general chicken egg are present in the functional chicken egg of the present invention. It is supported that these substances and components act on the improvement effect of liver dysfunction and the like.
- the functional chicken egg of the present invention contains useful components such as ergothioneine and further NADH, it can be expected to improve liver dysfunction and urticaria symptoms by eating it daily. Further, the functional chicken eggs of the present invention can be suitably used for processed foods using chicken eggs as a material.
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Abstract
Description
機能性鶏卵のグリセロホスホコリンの含有量は一般鶏卵の2.0倍、
機能性鶏卵のThiamine(ビタミンB1)の含有量は一般鶏卵の1.9倍、
機能性鶏卵のギャバの含有量は一般鶏卵の1.8倍、
機能性鶏卵のグリシルグリシンの含有量は一般鶏卵の1.8倍、であった。
なお、使用したCE-TOF/MS(キャピラリー電気泳動-飛行時間質量分析計)ではNADHが含まれていることは確認できるが、鶏卵中のNADH等の含有量の正確な測定はできなかった。そこで、CE装置により鶏卵の成分を分別し、TOF-MS装置により鶏卵成分をイオン化してイオンの質量電荷比毎に鶏卵に含有される物質を分別し、分別されたイオン強度を測定して、鶏卵に含まれる個々の物質の含有量に比例した計測値(ピーク面積)を基礎として、一般鶏卵と機能性鶏卵の含有比較値を算出した。
健常マウスと肝機能障害モデルマウスを製作して、実施例3で得た粉末鶏卵をマウスに給餌して肝機能指標AST及びALTを測定して肝機能障害改善の効果試験を実施した。マウスはCD1(ICR)の生後4週間目を使用し、マウスを6郡の試験区に分け、各試験区にそれぞれ10匹、合計60匹を使って試験した。
試験区2(injury)、試験区3(1X)、試験区4(2X)、試験区5(5X)、試験区6(sily)はいずれも肝機能障害を起こしているマウスであり、これらのマウスには濃度20%の四塩化炭素1mL/kgを1週間に2回投与し8週間、合計16回投与した。
試験区6の肝機能障害マウスに対しては、肝機能改善薬シリマリン(silymarin)を、1日当たり50mgを5mLの純水に溶かし、9週間に亘って口径投与した。
なお、試験区2(injury)の肝機能障害マウスに対しては通常の飼料のみを給餌した。
表2は、それぞれの試験区のマウスのAST及びALTの測定値の平均値、並びに試験区3、試験区4、試験区5及び試験区6のマウスの肝機能指標AST及びALTの試験区2(injury)の肝機能障害マウスに対する改善率を示している。
図2、3に示すように、通常の飼料のみを給餌した試験区2(injury)の肝機能障害マウスと比較して、試験区3(1X)、試験区4(2X)、試験区5(5X)の肝機能障害マウスの肝機能指数ASTとALTが、粉末鶏卵の給餌量を多くしたマウスほど数値が改善され、シリマリン(Silymarin)を投与した試験区6(sily)のマウスの数値に近づいていることが確認された。言い換えれば、試験区3~5の肝機能障害マウスは、本発明の機能性鶏卵の給餌量を多くすればするほど肝機能障害が改善されることが確認できる。
40年以上重度の「慢性じんましん」に悩まされていた50代の日本人女性が、実施例1で得た鶏卵を1日あたり2個とこの卵を使用して作った「たまご焼き」とを合わせた約4個を毎日食べ続けた。その結果、食べ始めてから約5ケ月後にじんましんの症状が軽くなり、約2年後にはほぼ完治したことが確認された。
手荒れ、乾燥、痒みに悩まされている84才を含む10代から70代の合計78人の日本人(卵アレルギーのない人)に対して、手荒れ等の改善効果のアンケート調査を実施した。それぞれの人が実施例1で得た鶏卵を、1日あたり2個ずつ2ケ月間毎日食べ続けた。その結果、手荒れ、乾燥、痒み等の改善効果が良好であった者が67人であり、改善が認められなかった者が11人であることが確認された。
S2 粉砕工程
S3 添加物選択工程
S4 配合・飼料給餌工程
S5 成分移行・採卵工程
Claims (9)
- エルゴチオネインを含有する原料を給餌した鶏から生産された卵であって、エルゴチオネインを5~20μg/g含み、かつ還元型ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド(NADH)を含むことを特徴とする機能性鶏卵。
- 前記原料が乾燥粉砕した食用キノコの子実体である、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の機能性鶏卵。
- 前記原料が、乾燥粉砕した食用キノコの子実体及びタモギタケの水煮の製造に使用した残液を5~9倍に濃縮したエルゴチオネインを含有するタモギタケ抽出濃縮液、当該子実体及び子実体以外の微生物を用いて生産したエルゴチオネイン含有物、当該子実体及び人工的に合成したエルゴチオネイン含有物のいずれかである、ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の機能性鶏卵。
- 前記食用キノコが、タモギタケ、エノキタケ、エリンギ、シイタケから選択されるいずれか1又は2以上の組み合せからなるキノコである、ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3のいずれかに記載の機能性鶏卵。
- 前記機能性鶏卵の卵白及び卵黄を凍結乾燥して粉砕した粉末である、ことを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の機能性鶏卵。
- 肝機能障害のある者の食用に適したことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の機能性鶏卵。
- 請求項1~5のいずれかに記載の機能性鶏卵を原料とすることを特徴とする加工食品。
- 食用キノコの子実体を乾燥粉砕して得たエルゴチオネイン含有原料を鶏用一般飼料110gに対して1g~5g配合した配合飼料を製造し、当該配合飼料を36日以上毎日鶏に与えて、エルゴチオネインを5~20μg/g含みかつ還元型ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド(NADH)を含む鶏卵を得る、ことを特徴とする機能性鶏卵の生産方法。
- 食用キノコの子実体を乾燥粉砕して得たエルゴチオネイン含有原料を鶏用一般飼料110gに対して1g~5g配合した配合飼料と、タモギタケの水煮の製造に使用した残液を5~9倍に濃縮したエルゴチオネインを含有するタモギタケ抽出濃縮液を鶏用一般飼料110gに対して2cc~4cc配合した配合飼料と、を製造し、
それぞれの配合飼料を同時に36日以上毎日鶏に与え、又はそれぞれの配合飼料を別々に1日おきに交互に36日以上鶏に与えて、エルゴチオネインを5~20μg/g含みかつ還元型ニコチンアミドアデニンジヌクレオチド(NADH)を含む鶏卵を得る、ことを特徴とする機能性鶏卵の生産方法。
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