WO2019059369A1 - 真空成形用樹脂フィルム - Google Patents
真空成形用樹脂フィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019059369A1 WO2019059369A1 PCT/JP2018/035168 JP2018035168W WO2019059369A1 WO 2019059369 A1 WO2019059369 A1 WO 2019059369A1 JP 2018035168 W JP2018035168 W JP 2018035168W WO 2019059369 A1 WO2019059369 A1 WO 2019059369A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- resin
- vacuum forming
- mass
- multilayer film
- Prior art date
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-hydroxy-2,2,4-trimethylpentyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)C(C)(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C JHPBZFOKBAGZBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
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- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CJWNFAKWHDOUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-yl)phenol Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(O)C=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 CJWNFAKWHDOUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004464 hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GYDSPAVLTMAXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NHARPDSAXCBDDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0018—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with shaping by orienting, stretching or shrinking, e.g. film blowing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
- B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
- B29C48/08—Flat, e.g. panels flexible, e.g. films
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
-
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a resin film for vacuum forming.
- a fluorine-based multilayer film is used as the outermost layer of a decorative film used for automobile interiors, exteriors, electrical appliance members and the like.
- the fluorine-based multilayer film has a high fluorine resin content to enhance surface performance such as weather resistance and chemical resistance, and in the back surface layer, it is used with other base materials such as a decoration layer.
- a configuration is often adopted in which the content of the acrylic resin showing a good compatibility with the fluorine resin is increased.
- the molding resin film is placed on the surface of the mold and heated and softened to make the top and bottom of the mold vacuum, and then air is pressed in only on the mold, and the molding resin film is crimped to the mold with that pressure.
- problems such as adjustment with which the sag of the resin film for shaping
- TOM method Three-dimensional surface decoration method
- TOM method Three-dimensional surface coating method
- Patent Document 1 it is a vacuum forming apparatus that performs vacuum forming of a forming resin film between two or more forming chambers, and the deformation amount of the heat-softened forming resin film Accordingly, a predetermined volume of gas set in advance is sucked into the required molding chamber, and deformation of the molding resin film is corrected by the pressure difference between the molding chambers, and a plurality of the predetermined volumes of gas are contained.
- the method is carried out using a vacuum forming apparatus characterized in that it is detained in the gas supply chamber of the above-mentioned and is sucked into a necessary forming chamber by opening the valve.
- the above TOM method can reduce the environmental load due to coating substitution when used for the exterior of a car, can be properly formed into a deep drawn body, can form a tapered portion, and can be formed by end winding, and it is formed by compressed air. It is attracting attention as a new construction method from the viewpoint that it is possible to leave the asperities clearer and more complicated design expression is possible.
- the present inventors have diligently studied to solve the above-mentioned problems, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present invention A surface layer containing 60% by mass to 85% by mass of vinylidene fluoride-based resin and 40% by mass to 15% by mass of methacrylic acid ester-based resin, Including a back surface layer containing 0% by mass to 50% by mass of vinylidene fluoride resin and 100% by mass to 50% by mass of methacrylate resin, The heating expansion ratio in the film flow direction when heated at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes measured based on JIS K7133 of Japanese Industrial Standard is -15% to -2%.
- a fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming is provided.
- the fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming can be used for a three-dimensional surface decoration method.
- the back surface layer may contain 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of the ultraviolet absorber with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component.
- the UV absorber is preferably at least one selected from triazine compounds and benzotriazole compounds.
- the thickness of the surface layer is preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m, and the thickness of the back surface layer is preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the haze measured based on JISK7136 of Japanese Industrial Standard is less than 10%.
- the present invention also relates to a method for producing the above-mentioned fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming by T-die method,
- the draft ratio defined by dividing the lip opening degree representing the width of the lip gap of the T die by the film thickness is 4 to 35
- the surface temperature of the first cooling roll to which the resin extruded from the T die contacts and is cooled is defined as a value obtained by dividing the film winding speed by the rotational speed of the first cooling roll, at 20 to 90 ° C.
- Draw ratio 1.05 to 1.30 The present invention provides a method for producing the above-mentioned fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming, which comprises
- the present invention comprises an adhesive layer, a decorated substrate, and the above-mentioned fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming, and is laminated in the order of an adhesive layer, a decorated substrate and the above fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming And a decorative film for vacuum forming.
- the said decorating base material is at least 1 type of resin selected from the group which consists of polyvinyl chloride resin, an ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, and a styrene-type elastomer.
- the present invention provides a method for producing an automobile part or an electric appliance part, including performing a three-dimensional surface decoration method on a core material using the decorative film for vacuum forming. Still further, the present invention provides an automobile part or an electric appliance part manufactured by the above manufacturing method.
- the decorative film for vacuum forming having a laminated structure when the decorative film for vacuum forming having a laminated structure is heated, it is difficult to generate waving due to heating expansion difference of each layer or sagging due to its own weight, and when it is crimped to a molded body The occurrence can be suppressed.
- the fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming may be composed of only the surface layer and the back surface layer, but may be configured to have at least the surface layer and the back surface layer.
- the surface layer contains 60% by mass to 85% by mass of vinylidene fluoride resin and 40% by mass to 15% by mass of methacrylic acid ester resin.
- a layer that is rich in polyvinylidene fluoride resin (PVDF) at 60% by mass to 85% by mass can be mentioned. If the vinylidene fluoride-based resin is less than 60% by mass, that is, if the methacrylic acid ester-based resin exceeds 40% by mass, sufficient weather resistance, light stability, chemical resistance, antifouling property, flame retardancy, etc. can not be obtained. Sometimes.
- the vinylidene fluoride-based resin exceeds 85% by mass, that is, if the methacrylic acid ester-based resin is less than 15% by mass, the effect of improving the adhesion to the back surface layer may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the surface layer contains 70% by mass to 85% by mass of vinylidene fluoride resin and 30% by mass to 15% by mass of methacrylic acid ester resin. More preferable weatherability, light stability, chemical resistance, antifouling property, flame retardancy, etc. can be obtained when the vinylidene fluoride resin is 70% by mass or more, that is, the methacrylic acid ester resin is 30% by mass or less .
- the vinylidene fluoride-based resin may be a homopolymer of vinylidene fluoride, or may be a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and another fluorine-containing monomer.
- fluorine-containing monomer which forms a copolymer with vinylidene fluoride fluorine such as vinyl fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene, trifluorinated chlorinated ethylene, hexafluoropropylene, hexafluoroisobutylene and various fluoroalkyl vinyl ethers
- vinyl monomers such as styrene, ethylene, butadiene and propylene.
- the amount of monomers other than vinylidene fluoride in the vinylidene fluoride resin is to ensure the weather resistance, light stability, chemical resistance, stain resistance, flame resistance, etc. in the vinylidene fluoride resin film. And 50% by mass or less.
- methacrylic acid ester constituting the methacrylic acid ester-based resin
- methacrylic acid ester-based resin examples include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, pentyl methacrylate and hexyl methacrylate. Of these, methyl methacrylate is preferred.
- alkyl groups such as propyl group, butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl group in methacrylic acid ester may be linear or branched.
- acrylic acid ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as methyl acrylate and butyl acrylate, styrene, ⁇ -methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and other ethylenes Unsaturated unsaturated monomers and the like.
- the amount of monomers other than the methacrylic acid ester in the methacrylic acid ester resin is And 50% by mass or less.
- the surface layer may be made of only vinylidene fluoride resin and methacrylic acid ester resin, but if necessary, for example, a heat stabilizer may be contained to the extent that the effect of the present invention is not impaired. Good.
- a heat stabilizer include phenol-based antioxidants, phosphorus-based antioxidants, sulfur-based antioxidants, epoxy compounds, and ⁇ -diketones. Among these, phenol-based antioxidants and phosphorus-based antioxidants are preferable without inhibiting the transparency of the surface layer.
- the addition amount of the heat stabilizer is not particularly limited, it is preferably 0.001 to 5% by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 1.0% by mass. When the content is 0.001% by mass or more, sufficient thermal stability can be obtained, and when the content is 5% by mass or less, the transparency of the surface layer can be maintained.
- an ultraviolet absorber in addition to the above-mentioned heat stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a plasticizer, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, an antifogging agent, a drip agent, a hydrophilic agent, a liquid repellent agent, etc.
- Either one or both of the surface layer and the back layer may be contained to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It is particularly preferable to add it only to the back surface layer, since it can prevent the occurrence of defects associated with the migration of these additives to the front surface layer.
- the back layer is composed of 100% by mass of a methacrylic acid ester resin.
- the back surface layer contains 50% by mass or less of the vinylidene fluoride resin and 50% by mass or more of the methacrylic acid ester resin.
- PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
- the back surface layer contains 20% by mass or less of vinylidene fluoride resin and 80% by mass or more of methacrylic acid ester resin. Adhesiveness with other layers, such as a surface layer and a below-mentioned decoration base material, improves that vinylidene fluoride system resin is 20 mass% or less, ie, methacrylic acid ester system resin, is 80 mass% or more.
- an ultraviolet absorber may be added to the back layer as required.
- the ultraviolet absorber include organic based ultraviolet absorbers such as triazine based ultraviolet absorbers, benzotriazole based ultraviolet absorbers, and benzophenone based ultraviolet absorbers, but are not particularly limited. Preferably, it is one or more selected from triazine-based ultraviolet absorbers and benzotriazole-based ultraviolet absorbers. These UV absorbers are preferred from the viewpoints of moist heat environment and long-term color stability to UV light, compatibility with vinylidene fluoride resin, and durability of UV blocking effect.
- the content of the ultraviolet absorber is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to contain 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the resin component. By making content into 0.1 mass part or more, sufficient ultraviolet-ray cut performance is obtained, and the further improvement effect of a weather resistance is expectable. Further, by setting the amount to 10 parts by mass or less, it is prevented that the ultraviolet absorber bleeds out to the surface of the back surface layer, and the adhesion with the surface layer of the vinylidene fluoride resin for vacuum forming and the decorative substrate decreases. It is possible to prevent deterioration of the transparency of the vinylidene fluoride resin for vacuum forming and the visibility and color tone of the decorated substrate.
- the fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming of the present embodiment has a heating stretch rate of -15% in the film flow direction when heated at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes, which is measured based on JIS K7133 of Japanese Industrial Standard It is ⁇ -2%.
- JIS K 7133 specifies a method of measuring dimensional change of plastic films and sheets due to heating in the longitudinal direction and in the lateral direction. If the heating expansion ratio of the film flow method (longitudinal direction) when heating the fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming of this embodiment at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes based on the measurement method is smaller than -15%, In thermal lamination with a decorative base material, which is a pre-process for vacuum forming, dimensional stability to heat is poor, and shrinkage in heating the film is large even in vacuum forming, and holes are opened in the decorative film, not appropriate.
- the heat expansion ratio is larger than -2%, the film is loosened when the film is heated in vacuum forming, and wrinkles are generated on the surface of the molded article to be coated, which is not appropriate. More preferably, the heat expansion ratio is -4% to -3%. It is preferable that the heat expansion ratio is -3% or less because the thermal stability with respect to heat is better in thermal lamination with a decorative base material, which is a step prior to vacuum forming, when the heat expansion ratio is -4% or more. Since the film is stretched when the film is heated, the surface of the molded article to be coated is less likely to be wrinkled, which is preferable.
- the heat expansion ratio in the width direction (lateral direction) of the film is -3% to + 1%.
- the heat expansion ratio is preferably -3% or more because the thermal stability with respect to heat is good in thermal lamination with a decorative base material, which is a step prior to vacuum forming, when the heat expansion ratio is -3% or more.
- the contraction rate under heating conditions at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes is defined. This is to improve measurement reproducibility by heating for a long time (30 minutes).
- the actual vacuum forming is performed from the viewpoint of process efficiency at a heating temperature (e.g., 130 ° C.) at which the fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming softens in several tens of seconds. It has been found that the value of the heat expansion ratio obtained under the heating condition of 120 ° C. for 30 minutes correlates well with the shrinkage of the film in vacuum forming, that is, the formability.
- the thickness of the surface layer of the multilayer film for vacuum molding is not particularly limited, it is preferably 5 to 100 ⁇ m. If it is 5 micrometers or more, it will become effective thickness as a covering film of a decoration base material. If it is 100 micrometers or less, the functionality as a covering film of a decoration base material can fully be exhibited, and cost can also be held down.
- the thickness of the back surface layer of the fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 to 300 ⁇ m. If it is 5 micrometers or more, adhesiveness with a decorating base material and an ultraviolet-ray preventing effect can be exhibited. If it is 300 ⁇ m or less, the cost is reduced while maintaining the adhesion to the decorative base material and the ultraviolet ray preventing effect, and the operability at the time of vacuum forming and the like are also good.
- the fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming preferably has a haze of less than 10% as measured according to JIS K7136 of Japanese Industrial Standard.
- JIS K 7136 specifies how to determine the haze, which is a specific optical property related to the wide-angle scattering of light rays, for transparent and basically colorless plastics.
- the transparency of a film is high in the haze of the fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming measured based on the said measuring method being less than 10%, and the visibility of the design of a decoration base material and the sharpness become high.
- a plasticizer for the purpose of protecting the surface layer from scratches and acid rain, and for imparting specific properties to the surface layer, etc., a plasticizer, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, an antifogging agent, a droplet, a hydrophilic agent
- a plasticizer for the purpose of protecting the surface layer from scratches and acid rain, and for imparting specific properties to the surface layer, etc., a plasticizer, a lubricant, an antistatic agent, an antifogging agent, a droplet, a hydrophilic agent
- these agents may be laminated, dipped, coated, sprayed or the like on the surface layer to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- the multilayer film of the surface layer and the back layer is produced by plasticizing and melting the raw material of the above-mentioned surface layer, and plasticizing and melting the raw material of the back layer separately, and an extruder for producing the surface layer (extruder Combine the surface layer and the back surface layer in the feed block disposed on the upstream side of the T die (that is, the downstream side of the extruder) using A) and the back surface layer extruder (extruder B). Can be manufactured by a method of widening and extruding with a T-die.
- the draft ratio defined by dividing the lip opening degree representing the width of the lip gap of the T-die by the film thickness is 4 to 35. If it is less than 4, the pressure loss at the lip portion is reduced due to the large lip opening degree, and the thickness uniformity in the film width direction is unfavorably reduced. If it exceeds 35, the orientation of the resin becomes strong, the anisotropy of the film physical properties becomes strong, and since the degree of lip opening is small, the generation of eye spots becomes remarkable, which is not preferable. More preferably, the draft ratio is 10-25. When it is 10 or more, the pressure loss at the lip portion is sufficiently large, and the uniformity of the thickness in the film width direction is improved.
- Another lamination method is a multi-manifold die method. This method is a method of joining and extruding the layers after widening the resin of each layer in the T-die, and can also be suitably used in the production of the multilayer film of the present embodiment. Also in this method, it is preferable to make the draft ratio equal to the method using the feed block described above.
- the molten resin extruded according to the above-mentioned method is extruded into a film from a T-die, and then is simultaneously cooled by being pinched by a first cooling roll made of hard chromium plating and a touch roll made of silicone rubber. It is adjusted to a predetermined thickness by the speed of the resin in the part and the take-up speed difference by the first cooling roll and the touch roll.
- the surface temperature of the first cooling roll to which the resin extruded from the T die is brought into contact and cooled is set to 20 to 90.degree.
- the temperature is less than 20 ° C., shrinkage of the film after film formation becomes large, blocking due to winding tightness of the roll may occur, delivery failure may occur, and when the temperature exceeds 90 ° C., the film adheres to the first cooling roll and film forming property Is not preferable because the More preferably, the surface temperature of the first cooling roll is 30 to 70.degree.
- the temperature is 30 ° C. or higher, shrinkage of the film after film formation is suppressed, blocking due to winding tightness of a roll, and unwinding failure hardly occur, which is preferable.
- the temperature is 70 ° C. or less, the removability of the film from the first cooling roll is good, which is preferable.
- the draw ratio defined by a value obtained by dividing the film winding speed by the rotational speed of the first cooling roll is set to 1.05 to 1.30. When it is less than 1.05, the film is slackened on the pass line, resulting in transport failure. When it exceeds 1.30, the tension of the film is excessively increased on the pass line, and the film may be broken, which is not preferable. More preferably, the draw ratio is set to 1.08 to 1.20. It is preferable that the film can be transported without slack when it is 1.08 or more, and it is preferable because the film does not break without rising of the film tension on the pass line when it is 1.20 or less. .
- the decorative film for vacuum forming has a laminated structure in which the adhesive layer, the decorative substrate, and the multilayer fluororesin film for vacuum forming are in this order from the bottom.
- the back surface side of the fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming is in contact with the decorative substrate.
- the adhesive for the adhesive layer is not particularly limited.
- a method of laminating the adhesive layer and the decorative substrate a method of coating and drying a mixture of a solvent, a main agent and a curing agent on the decorative substrate, and drying on a separator having a polyester film coated with a release agent
- a mixture of the main agent and the curing agent may be applied, dried, and laminated with the decorated substrate, but is not particularly limited.
- a decoration base material is not limited in particular.
- the material of the decorative substrate is at least one resin selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride resin, ABS resin, polycarbonate resin, and styrene elastomer, but is not particularly limited.
- a method of laminating a decoration base material and a fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming a method of melt-kneading resin of each layer with an extruder, laminating in a feed block and extruding from a T-die, each layer
- resin materials are melt-kneaded with an extruder, laminated and extruded inside a multi-manifold die, thermally laminated by a roll to roll method, and laminated by an adhesive, but not particularly limited.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive include acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives and hot-melt pressure-sensitive adhesives.
- the adhesive layer As an order of laminating the adhesive layer, the decoration base material, and the fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming, first, heat the back layer side of the fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming and the decoration base material by a Roll to Roll method It is preferable to laminate the adhesive layer by a method of laminating and then applying a mixture of a solvent, a main agent and a curing agent on the side of the decorative substrate and drying it, but it is not particularly limited.
- Automotive parts are not limited to automotive interior parts and exterior parts, but because the surface layer is a vinylidene fluoride resin rich layer and has chemical resistance to sun oil, sunscreen, etc. Suitable for parts.
- Parts for electric appliances may be parts for household electric appliances, parts for precision electric and electronic devices, and the like.
- parts for electrical appliances can be used as interior functional parts and decorative parts of offices, office buildings, individual homes or collective housings.
- the parts for motor vehicles or parts for electrical appliances can be manufactured by processing the decorative film for vacuum forming by a three-dimensional surface decoration method.
- the vacuum forming apparatus used by the said construction method is marketed (Nusiyaku Inc., Japan).
- the vacuum forming apparatus includes forming chambers separated by upper and lower parts by the set decorative film for forming vacuum, the upper and lower forming chambers can be joined and separated, and the decorative film for vacuum forming between upper and lower forming chambers Have a vacuum formed structure.
- a vacuum circuit and an air circuit are respectively piped in the upper and lower forming chambers.
- the upper forming chamber and the lower forming chamber are configured to move up and down.
- a table is disposed inside the lower forming chamber so that the table can be raised and lowered.
- the core material to be covered with the decorative film for vacuum forming can be placed on the table.
- a heater is incorporated in the upper forming chamber, and the heater heats the vacuum forming decorative film between the joined forming chambers.
- a heater for example, a near infrared heater can be used. Preferably, it is heated to 130 ° C.
- a core material is set on a table in a forming chamber under a vacuum forming apparatus.
- the vacuum forming decorative film is fixedly set on the upper surface of the lower forming chamber with a clamp.
- both the upper molding chamber and the lower molding chamber are at atmospheric pressure.
- the upper molding chamber is lowered, and the upper molding chamber and the lower molding chamber are joined to be closed.
- the upper forming chamber and the lower forming chamber are separated by the vacuum forming decorative film.
- the upper and lower forming chambers are brought into a vacuum suction state from an atmospheric pressure state by a vacuum tank.
- the upper and lower forming chambers are in a vacuum suction state, and the heater heats the decorative film for vacuum forming.
- the decorative film for vacuum forming tends to sag by its own weight.
- a predetermined volume of gas set in advance is sucked into, for example, a molding chamber under which the decorative film for vacuum forming hangs down.
- the deformation of the decorative film is corrected by the pressure difference between the upper and lower forming chambers.
- the fixed volume of gas is kept in the installed gas supply chamber so as to be sucked into the lower molding chamber as needed.
- the decorative film for vacuum forming is corrected to a substantially horizontal state by adjusting the differential pressure of the degree of vacuum between the upper and lower forming chambers.
- the film When the conventional film is subjected to TOM molding, the film is bent when heated and sags by its own weight, so the deformation of the film is corrected by the differential pressure between the upper and lower forming chambers, but it is still obtained on the surface of the obtained molded article Wrinkles had occurred.
- the decorative film for vacuum forming according to the present embodiment is used for TOM molding, generation of wrinkles on the surface of the obtained molded product can be suppressed.
- UV absorber ⁇ BASF Triazine-based UV absorber “Tinubin 1577ED” ⁇ BASF Benzotriazole UV Absorber “Tinubin 234”
- a draft ratio defined as a value obtained by dividing the lip opening degree representing the width of the lip gap of the T-die by the film thickness was set to 15.
- the surface temperature of the first cooling roll to which the resin extruded from the T die contacts and is cooled was set to 50 ° C.
- a draw ratio defined as a value obtained by dividing the film take-up speed by the rotational speed of the first cooling roll is set to 1.1.
- Example and Comparative Example> In each of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, according to the above-mentioned manufacturing method, compositions for vacuum forming were manufactured using the compositions shown in Tables 1 and 2 and a multilayer film for vacuum forming. Moreover, the decorating base material was made into the polyvinyl chloride which mix
- the thickness of the surface layer, the back surface layer and the decorated substrate of each example and comparative example, and the heat expansion and contraction ratio in the flow direction and width direction of the fluorine resin multilayer film for vacuum forming are as shown in Tables 1 and 2. It is.
- ⁇ Stain resistance test> The antifouling property of the vacuum formed product was inspected in accordance with the following antifouling material class I test.
- (2) A suspension solution (carbon black FW-200 (manufactured by Degussa) / deionized water 5% by mass / 95% by mass) was applied by air spray until the surface of the molded article was uniformly covered.
- the molded product was dried at 60 ° C. for 1 hour, and allowed to cool to room temperature.
- ⁇ Chemical resistance> A sunscreen (Neutrogena (registered trademark)) and Sun Oil (Copatone (registered trademark)) were dropped on the film surface, and after being placed in an 80 ° C. environment for 1 hour, the surface was washed with ethanol and the appearance was evaluated. “No change in appearance” is indicated by ⁇ , “slight swelling marks remain on the film” is indicated by ⁇ , and “film becomes cloudy” is indicated by x.
- a strip sample of 15 mm in width and 150 mm in length is cut out, the end is peeled off, and the white film is held between the upper chuck of the device and the lower chuck of the device, 200 mm / mim A 180 ° peel test was performed at speed. The maximum load at that time was recorded as peel strength.
- the present invention can also take the following forms.
- the heat expansion and contraction ratio in the film flow direction when heated at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes measured based on JIS K7133 is -15% to -2%, Fluororesin multilayer film for vacuum forming.
- Resin multilayer film [3] The fluorine-based resin multilayer film according to [1] or [2], which is for a three-dimensional surface decoration method. [4] The fluorine-based resin for vacuum forming according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein the back surface layer contains 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of an ultraviolet absorber based on 100 parts by mass of the resin component. Multilayer film. [5] The fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming according to [4], wherein the ultraviolet absorber is one or more selected from a triazine compound and a benzotriazole compound.
- a method for producing a fluorine-based resin multilayer film for vacuum forming as described in any one of [1] to [7] by a T-die method The draft ratio defined by dividing the lip opening degree representing the width of the lip gap of the T die by the film thickness is 4 to 35,
- the surface temperature of the first cooling roll to which the resin extruded from the T die contacts and is cooled is defined as a value obtained by dividing the film winding speed by the rotational speed of the first cooling roll, at 20 to 90 ° C.
- Draw ratio 1.05 to 1.30 The manufacturing method of the said fluorine-containing resin multilayer film for vacuum forming including manufacturing.
- a decorative film for vacuum forming comprising an adhesive layer, a decorated substrate, and the multilayer film for vacuum forming according to any one of [1] to [7].
- the manufacturing method of the components for motor vehicles or components for electrical appliances including performing a three-dimensional surface decoration construction method to a core material using the decoration film for vacuum forming as described in [11] [9] or [10].
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Abstract
Description
詳細は、特許文献1に記載されているが、要するに、2以上の成形室間で成形用樹脂フィルムの真空成形を行なう真空成形装置であって、加熱軟化せしめられた成形用樹脂フィルムの変形量に応じ、予め設定した一定容量の気体が必要な成形室に吸引されるようにし、成形用樹脂フィルムの変形を成形室間の差圧により補正するようにすると共に、前記一定容量の気体は複数の気体供給室に留置され、弁の開放により必要な成形室に吸引されるようにしたことを特徴とする真空成形装置を用いて行う工法である。
すなわち、本発明は、
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂60質量%~85質量%と、メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂40質量%~15質量%とを含有する表面層と、
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂0質量%~50質量%とメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂100質量%~50質量%を含有する裏面層を含み、
日本工業規格のJIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの流れ方向の加熱伸縮率が-15%~-2%である、
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを提供する。
また、JIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの幅方向の加熱伸縮率が-3%~+1%であることが好ましい。
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムは、3次元表面加飾工法に用いることができる。
裏面層は、樹脂成分100質量部に対し紫外線吸収剤0.1~10質量部を含有してもよい。
前記紫外線吸収剤は、トリアジン系化合物及びベンゾトリアゾール系化合物から選ばれる一種以上が好ましい。
前記表面層の厚みは5~100μmであり、前記裏面層の厚みは5~300μmであることが好ましい。
また、日本工業規格のJIS K7136に基づいて測定されるヘイズは、10%未満であることが好ましい。
Tダイのリップ間隙の幅を表すリップ開度をフィルム厚みで除した値で定義されるドラフト比を4~35、
Tダイから押し出された樹脂が接触して冷却される第一冷却ロールの表面温度を20~90℃、及び
フィルムの巻取り速度を前記第一冷却ロールの回転速度で除した値で定義されるドロー比を1.05~1.30
にして製造することを含む、前記真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの製造方法を提供する。
前記加飾基材は、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂及びスチレン系エラストマーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂であることが好ましい。
更にまた、本発明は、前記真空成形用加飾フィルムを用いて芯材に3次元表面加飾工法を行うことを含む、自動車用部品又は電化製品用部品の製造方法を提供する。
また更に、本発明は、前記製造方法により製造された自動車用部品又は電化製品用部品を提供する。
本実施形態の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムは、表面層と裏面層のみから成ってもよいが、少なくとも表面層と裏面層とを有する構成でもよい。
表面層は、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂60質量%~85質量%を含有し、かつメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂40質量%~15質量%を含有する。例えば、ポリフッ化ビニリデン樹脂(PVDF)が60質量%~85質量%を占め、リッチである層が挙げられる。
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂が60質量%未満、すなわちメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂が40質量%を超えると、耐候性、光安定性、耐薬品性、防汚性、難燃性等が十分に得られないことがある。一方、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂が85質量%を超えると、すなわちメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂が15質量%未満であると、裏面層との接着性向上の効果が十分に得られないことがある。
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂が70質量%以上、すなわちメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂が30質量%以下であると、より好ましい耐候性、光安定性、耐薬品性、防汚性、難燃性等が得られる。
なお、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂フィルムにおける耐候性、光安定性、耐薬品性、防汚性、難燃性等を確保するため、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂におけるフッ化ビニリデン以外の単量体の量は、50質量%以下とすることが好ましい。
なお、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂との相溶性を向上させて、フィルムとしたときの透明性や機械的強度を確保する観点から、メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂におけるメタクリル酸エステル以外の単量体の量は、50質量%以下とすることが好ましい。
0.001質量%以上であれば十分な熱安定性が得られ、5質量%以下であれば表面層の透明性を維持できる。
裏面層のみに添加すると、表面層へのこれらの添加剤の移行に伴う不良発生が防止できるので、特に好ましい。
裏面層は、メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂100質量%で成る。又は、裏面層は、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂50質量%以下を含有し、かつメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂50質量%以上を含有する。例えば、ポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA)リッチ層が挙げられる。
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂が50質量%を超えると、すなわちメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂が50質量%未満であると、加飾基材との層間接着性が低下することがある。
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂が20質量%以下、すなわちメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂が80質量%以上であると、表面層や後述の加飾基材等の他層との接着性が向上する。
更に、裏面層には、必要に応じて紫外線吸収剤を添加することができる。紫外線吸収剤としては、トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤、ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤、ベンゾフェノン系紫外線吸収剤等の有機系紫外線吸収剤等が挙げられるが特に限定されない。好ましくは、トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤及びベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤から選ばれる一種以上である。これらの紫外線吸収剤は、湿熱環境及び紫外線に対する長期色相安定性の点、フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂との相溶性の点、紫外線遮断効果の持続性の点等から好ましい。
なかでも、2-(4,6-ジフェニル-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)-5-[(ヘキシル)オキシ]フェノールが好ましい。
なかでも、2-(2H-ベンゾトリアゾール-2-イル)-4,6-ビス(1-メチル-1-フェニルエチル)フェノールが好ましい。
本実施形態の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムは、日本工業規格のJIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの流れ方向の加熱伸縮率が-15%~-2%である。
当該測定方法に基づいて、本実施形態の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの流れ方法(縦方向)の加熱伸縮率が-15%よりも小さいと、真空成形の前工程である加飾基材との熱ラミネートにおいて、熱に対する寸法安定性が悪く、更に真空成形においてもフィルムを加熱した際の収縮が大きく、加飾フィルムに穴が開いてしまい、適切でない。加熱伸縮率が-2%よりも大きいと、真空成形においてフィルムを加熱した際にフィルムが弛んでしまい、被覆する成形体表面にシワが発生してしまい、適切でない。
より好ましくは、加熱伸縮率は-4%~-3%である。加熱伸縮率が-4%以上であると、真空成形の前工程である加飾基材との熱ラミネートにおいて、熱に対する寸法安定性がより良好である為、好ましく、-3%以下であると、フィルムを加熱した際にフィルムが張る為、被覆する成形体表面にシワが入りにくく、好ましい。
実際の真空成形は、プロセス効率の観点から、加熱温度は真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムが数十秒で軟化する温度(例えば130℃)で行う。
120℃、30分加熱条件下で得られる加熱伸縮率の値は、真空成形におけるフィルムの収縮、すなわち成形性とよく相関することがわかっている。
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの表面層の厚さは特に限定されないが、5~100μmであることが好ましい。5μm以上であれば、加飾基材の被覆フィルムとして有効な厚みとなる。100μm以下であれば、加飾基材の被覆フィルムとしての機能性を十分発揮でき、かつコストも抑えられる。
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムは、日本工業規格のJIS K7136に基づいて測定したときに、ヘイズが10%未満であることが好ましい。
当該測定方法に基づいて測定した真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムのヘイズが10%未満であると、フィルムの透明性が高く、加飾基材のデザインの視認性、鮮明性が高くなる。
例えば、表面層を傷や酸性雨から保護するため、表面層に特定の性質を付与するため等の目的で、可塑剤、滑剤、帯電防止剤、防曇剤、流滴剤、親水剤、撥液剤等を、表面層の上に積層することも可能である。例えばこれらの剤を本発明の効果を損なわない程度に表面層に、積層、浸漬、塗布、スプレー等をすればよい。
表面層と裏面層との多層フィルムの製造は、前述の表面層の原料を可塑化、溶融させ、それとは別に裏面層の原料を可塑化、溶融させ、表面層製造用の押出機(押出機A)と裏面層用の押出機(押出機B)とを用いて、Tダイの上流側(すなわち押出機の下流側)に配置させたフィードブロック内で表面層と裏面層を合流~積層化させ、Tダイで広幅化し押し出す方法により製造できる。
別の積層方式として、マルチマニホールドダイ方式が挙げられる。この方式は、Tダイ内で各層の樹脂を広幅化した後、各層を合流させ押し出す方法であり、本実施形態の多層フィルムの製造においても好適に使用することが可能である。この手法においても、ドラフト比は先述のフィードブロックを用いる手法と同等にすることが好ましい。
真空成形用加飾フィルムは、下から、接着剤層、加飾基材、真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの順である積層構造を有する。この場合、一般的には真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの裏面層側が加飾基材に接する。
前記加飾基材の材質としては、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂及びスチレン系エラストマーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂であるが、特に限定されない。
自動車用部品は、自動車用内装部品、外装部品を問わないが、表面層がフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂リッチ層であり、サンオイルや日焼け止め等に対する耐薬品性を有していることから、特に内装部品に適している。
電化製品用部品は、家庭用電化製品用部品、精密電気・電子機器用部品等を問わない。また、電化製品用部品は、事務所、オフィスビル、個人住宅又は集合住宅の室内機能部品及び装飾用部品として用いられ得る。
上の成形室と下の成形室は、上昇・下降するようになっている。また、下の成形室の内部にテーブルが配置されており、テーブルも上昇・下降できるようになっている。テーブルには、真空成形用加飾フィルムにより被覆すべき芯材を載置できるようになっている。
上の成形室内にはヒータが組み込まれており、接合した両成形室間でヒータにより真空成形用加飾フィルムを加熱する。ヒータとして、例えば近赤外線ヒータを用いることができる。好ましくは130℃に加熱する。
ここで、加熱軟化した真空成形用加飾フィルムの変形量に応じ、予め設定した一定容量の気体が、例えば真空成形用加飾フィルムが垂れ下がった下の成形室内に吸引されるようにし、真空成形用加飾フィルムの変形を上下の成形室間の差圧により補正するようにする。
また、前記一定容量の気体は、設置しておいた気体供給室に留置しておき、必要に応じて下の成形室に吸引されるようにする。このように、上下の成形室間の真空度の差圧を調整することにより、真空成形用加飾フィルムをほぼ水平状態に補正する。
そして、上の成形室内の真空を開放し、大気圧を入れることにより、真空成形用加飾フィルムは芯材に押し付けられて、成形される。
しかし、本実施形態の真空成形用加飾フィルムをTOM成形に用いれば、得られた成形品表面のシワの発生を抑制することができる。
(フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂)
・アルケマ社製 ポリフッ化ビニリデン Kynar “1000HD”
・アルケマ社製 ポリフッ化ビニリデン Kynar “K720”
・アルケマ社製 ポリフッ化ビニリデン Kynar “K741C”
・住友化学社製 ポリメタクリル酸メチル(PMMA) スミペックス “MGSS”
・三菱ケミカル社製 メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂 ハイペット “HBS000”
・BASF社製 トリアジン系紫外線吸収剤 “チヌビン1577ED”
・BASF社製 ベンゾトリアゾール系紫外線吸収剤 “チヌビン234”
2種類以上の原料を混合して使用する場合は、それぞれの原料を未溶融の状態で予備混合させた後、溶融混合設備内で溶融させ、均一に混合させた。その後、ストランド状に押し出し、冷却した後、ペレット状に切断したものを原料として使用した。
・神戸製鋼社製“KTX30”二軸押出機(スクリュー長(L[mm])/スクリュー径(D[mm])=46.8)
・スクリュー混練部構成 ・・・ シリンダー内C5~C8プロセス部にVCMT混練部、ニーディング混練部有り
・スクリーンメッシュ ・・・ スクリュー側より、それぞれのメッシュの目開きが0.25mm、0.075mm、0.25mmのものを3枚重ねにしたものを使用した。
前記コンパウンド工程により得た原料を、以下の押出機で十分に溶融させた後、フィードブロック内で各々の押出機の樹脂同士を積層させ、コートハンガータイプのTダイ内部で広幅化し、フィルム状に押し出した。前記フィルム状樹脂は、下方に吐出された後、直ちに温調されたハードクロムメッキロール(表面の算術平均粗さRa=0.2μm)とホワイトミラーロールにより挟んで引き取られながら冷却させて得た。
・田辺プラスチックス機械株式会社 単軸押出機(L/D=25)
・スクリュータイプ:フルフライトスクリュー
・株式会社プラスチック工学研究所製 単軸押出機(L/D=25)
・スクリュータイプ:フルフライトスクリュー
・サンエンジニアリング株式会社製 コートハンガー方式 幅:550mm リップ開度:0.5mm
実施例1~10及び比較例1~4において、表1及び表2に示す組成で上述の製造方法に従って、真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを製造した。また、加飾基材を、酸化チタンを配合したポリ塩化ビニルとし、加飾基材に真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを、その裏面層側が加飾基材に接するように積層した。
また、各実施例及び比較例の表面層、裏面層及び加飾基材の厚み、並びに真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの流れ方向及び幅方向の加熱伸縮率は、表1及び表2のとおりである。
・真空成形用加飾フィルムの弛み
真空成形用加飾フィルムを130℃で加熱したときに、目視で観察して弛みが生じたものを×、弛みが少なかったものを○、弛みが生じなかったものを◎とした。
・真空成形用加飾フィルムの波うち
真空成形用加飾フィルムを130℃で加熱したときに、目視で観察して波うちが生じたものを×、波うちが少なかったものを○、波うちが生じなかったものを◎とした。
・真空成形用加飾フィルムの穴あき
真空成形用加飾フィルムを130℃で加熱したときに、目視で観察して穴あきが生じたものを×、穴あきが生じなかったものを○とした。
・真空成形品のシワ
真空成形品(130℃加熱)を目視で観察して、表面にシワが生じたものを×、生じなかったものを○とした。
裏面層に白色塩ビフィルムを熱ラミネートしたサンプルをメタルウェザー紫外線照射試験機(ダイプラ・ウィンテス株式会社製)にて下記条件の促進試験を実施した。試験前後のサンプルについて分光色差計ZE6000(日本電色工業株式会社製)を用いて、表面層側から、黄色度の変化Δbを評価した。
照射強度:132mW/cm2
紫外線照射面:表面層
ブラックパネル温度63℃
照射/結露サイクル=6時間/2時間
下記の防汚材料I種試験に従って真空成形品の防汚性を検査した。
(1)試験前の明度(L0)を色差計で評価した。
(2)懸濁溶液(カーボンブラックFW-200(デグッサ社製)/脱イオン水=5質量%/95質量%)をエアスプレーにて成形品の表面が均一に隠蔽するまで塗布した。
(3)成形品を60℃で1時間乾燥させた後、室温まで放冷した。
(4)流水下にて、成形品表面の汚れ物質をガーゼ(BENCOT M-3(旭化成工業株式会社製))で落としながら洗浄した。
(5)試験後の明度(L1)を色差計で評価した。
(6)汚れの程度(明度差ΔL)を下式によって求めた。
明度差ΔL=試験後の明度L1-試験前の明度L0
日焼け止め(ニュートロジーナ(登録商標))、サンオイル(コパトーン(登録商標))をフィルム表面に滴下し、80℃環境に1時間投入後、エタノールを用いて表面を洗浄し、外観を評価した。
「外観変化なし」を◎、「わずかにフィルムに膨潤跡が残る」を○、「フィルムが白濁する」を×とした。
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムと加飾基材との剥離強度試験を、ストログラフVE1D(株式会社東洋精機製作所製)を用いて行った。真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの裏面層側と、加飾基材である白色塩ビフィルムを、140℃のハードクロムメッキロール及び140℃のシリコーンゴムロールにて挟み、1m/minの速度で熱ラミネートした。幅15mm、長さ150mmの短冊状のサンプルを切り出し、端部を剥離し、真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを装置の上部チャックに、白色塩ビフィルムを装置の下部チャックに挟み、200mm/mimの速度で180°剥離試験を行った。その時の最大荷重を剥離強度として記録した。
〔1〕フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂60質量%~85質量%と、メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂40質量%~15質量%とを含有する表面層と、
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂0質量%~50質量%とメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂100質量%~50質量%を含有する裏面層を含み、
JIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの流れ方向の加熱伸縮率が-15%~-2%である、
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔2〕前記JIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの幅方向の加熱伸縮率が-3%~+1%である、〔1〕に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔3〕3次元表面加飾工法用である、〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載のフッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔4〕前記裏面層は、樹脂成分100質量部に対し紫外線吸収剤0.1~10質量部を含有する、〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれか1つに記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔5〕前記紫外線吸収剤は、トリアジン系化合物及びベンゾトリアゾール系化合物から選択される一種以上である、〔4〕に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔6〕前記表面層の厚みは5~100μmであり、前記裏面層の厚みは5~300μmである、〔1〕~〔5〕のいずれか1つに記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔7〕JIS K7136に基づいて測定されるヘイズは10%未満である、〔1〕~〔6〕のいずれか1つに記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
〔8〕Tダイ法による〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれか1つに記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを製造する方法において、
Tダイのリップ間隙の幅を表すリップ開度をフィルム厚みで除した値で定義されるドラフト比を4~35、
Tダイから押し出された樹脂が接触して冷却される第一冷却ロールの表面温度を20~90℃、及び
フィルムの巻取り速度を前記第一冷却ロールの回転速度で除した値で定義されるドロー比を1.05~1.30
にして製造することを含む、前記真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの製造方法。
〔9〕接着剤層、加飾基材及び〔1〕~〔7〕のいずれか1つに記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムからなる、真空成形用加飾フィルム。
〔10〕前記加飾基材は、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂及びスチレン系エラストマーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂である、〔9〕に記載の真空成形用加飾フィルム。
〔11〕〔9〕又は〔10〕に記載の真空成形用加飾フィルムを用いて芯材に3次元表面加飾工法を行うことを含む、自動車用部品又は電化製品用部品の製造方法。
〔12〕〔11〕に記載の製造方法により製造された自動車用部品又は電化製品用部品。
Claims (12)
- フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂60質量%~85質量%と、メタクリル酸エステル系樹脂40質量%~15質量%とを含有する表面層と、
フッ化ビニリデン系樹脂0質量%~50質量%とメタクリル酸エステル系樹脂100質量%~50質量%を含有する裏面層を含み、
JIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの流れ方向の加熱伸縮率が-15%~-2%である、
真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。 - 前記JIS K7133に基づいて測定される120℃で30分加熱したときのフィルムの幅方向の加熱伸縮率が-3%~+1%である、請求項1に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
- 3次元表面加飾工法用である、請求項1又は2に記載のフッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
- 前記裏面層は、樹脂成分100質量部に対し紫外線吸収剤0.1~10質量部を含有する、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
- 前記紫外線吸収剤は、トリアジン系化合物及びベンゾトリアゾール系化合物から選択される一種以上である、請求項4に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
- 前記表面層の厚みは5~100μmであり、前記裏面層の厚みは5~300μmである、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
- JIS K7136に基づいて測定されるヘイズは10%未満である、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルム。
- Tダイ法による請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムを製造する方法において、
Tダイのリップ間隙の幅を表すリップ開度をフィルム厚みで除した値で定義されるドラフト比を4~35、
Tダイから押し出された樹脂が接触して冷却される第一冷却ロールの表面温度を20~90℃、及び
フィルムの巻取り速度を前記第一冷却ロールの回転速度で除した値で定義されるドロー比を1.05~1.30
にして製造することを含む、前記真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムの製造方法。 - 接着剤層、加飾基材及び請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の真空成形用フッ素系樹脂多層フィルムからなる、真空成形用加飾フィルム。
- 前記加飾基材は、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ABS樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂及びスチレン系エラストマーからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種類の樹脂である、請求項9に記載の真空成形用加飾フィルム。
- 請求項9又は10に記載の真空成形用加飾フィルムを用いて芯材に3次元表面加飾工法を行うことを含む、自動車用部品又は電化製品用部品の製造方法。
- 請求項11に記載の製造方法により製造された自動車用部品又は電化製品用部品。
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