WO2019015609A1 - 主油缸装置及其液压机 - Google Patents

主油缸装置及其液压机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019015609A1
WO2019015609A1 PCT/CN2018/096141 CN2018096141W WO2019015609A1 WO 2019015609 A1 WO2019015609 A1 WO 2019015609A1 CN 2018096141 W CN2018096141 W CN 2018096141W WO 2019015609 A1 WO2019015609 A1 WO 2019015609A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
assembly
cylinder
piston rods
master cylinder
sets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/096141
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董祥义
Original Assignee
宁波德玛智能机械有限公司
董祥义
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201710585825.8A external-priority patent/CN109263117A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720871380.5U external-priority patent/CN207565019U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720871387.7U external-priority patent/CN207565016U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720871870.5U external-priority patent/CN210706175U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710585256.7A external-priority patent/CN109263114A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720870803.1U external-priority patent/CN207565015U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710585461.3A external-priority patent/CN109263116A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710585444.XA external-priority patent/CN109263134A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201720877317.2U external-priority patent/CN207568971U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710591502.XA external-priority patent/CN109281888A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710796069.3A external-priority patent/CN107387489A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721110914.9U external-priority patent/CN207229501U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710787346.4A external-priority patent/CN107379601A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721124707.9U external-priority patent/CN207224653U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201711255999.4A external-priority patent/CN107876614A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201721657019.9U external-priority patent/CN207579158U/zh
Priority to KR1020207000812A priority Critical patent/KR102334481B1/ko
Application filed by 宁波德玛智能机械有限公司, 董祥义 filed Critical 宁波德玛智能机械有限公司
Priority to MX2019010070A priority patent/MX2019010070A/es
Priority to JP2019559785A priority patent/JP6871420B2/ja
Priority to EP18834851.0A priority patent/EP3564024B1/en
Publication of WO2019015609A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019015609A1/zh
Priority to US16/517,545 priority patent/US10954967B2/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
    • B30B7/04—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members wherein pressing is effected in different directions simultaneously or in turn
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B7/00—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors
    • F15B7/003—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors with multiple outputs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/32—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by plungers under fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B7/00—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members
    • B30B7/02—Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members having several platens arranged one above the other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1409—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type with two or more independently movable working pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B7/00—Systems in which the movement produced is definitely related to the output of a volumetric pump; Telemotors
    • F15B7/06—Details
    • F15B7/08—Input units; Master units

Definitions

  • the application number is 201710591502.X, the name is “a single-cylinder reverse double-plunger hydraulic cylinder”, and the application number is 201721124707.9, the name is “1”.
  • Single cylinder reverse double plunger hydraulic cylinder applied for September 04, 2017, application number is 201710787346.4, the name is "a series press", applied for September 04, 2017, the application number is 201721124707.9, the name is "A series press", applied for September 01, 2017, the application number is 201721110914.9, the name is "a single plunger double acting cylinder", applied for September 01, 2017, the application number is 201710796069.3, the name is " A single-plunger double-acting cylinder", applied for on December 03, 2017, the application number is 201711255999.4, the name is "a two-head double-cylinder double-station intermediate-slider hydraulic press” and application on December 03, 2017, application No. 201721657019.9, entitled “An Olive Back-to-Back Double Cylinder Compressor”, the priority of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the present application relates to the field of hydraulic technology, and in particular to a master cylinder device and a hydraulic machine therefor.
  • Automobile wheels are generally formed by hydraulic equipment, and the existing hydraulic equipment is heavy in weight, high in cost, complicated in manufacturing and low in production efficiency.
  • a master cylinder device and its hydraulic machine are provided.
  • a master cylinder assembly includes a main cylinder assembly and a piston rod connected to the main cylinder assembly, the number of the piston rods being at least two or two, and a hydraulic pressure is formed between the piston rod and the main cylinder assembly Cavity, two or two sets of the piston rods are arranged opposite to each other and the moving direction is on the same straight line. In operation, the spatial change of the hydraulic chamber causes two or two sets of the piston rods to move toward each other or move away from each other. .
  • a hydraulic press comprising:
  • a support assembly a support assembly; a master cylinder device, a sliding connection and/or a rolling connection between the master cylinder device and the support assembly; a support table device comprising two single-sided support table assemblies capable of withstanding the same pressure and active work
  • the single-sided support table assembly is coupled to the support assembly, the master cylinder device being disposed between the two single-sided support table assemblies and between the single-sided support table assembly An interval arrangement; two or two sets of said piston rods extending from said master cylinder assembly and coupled to said movable table, said movable table forming a press-fit mechanism with said single-sided support table assembly.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a hydraulic machine provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a mount provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a support assembly provided in accordance with another embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a single-sided support table assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of a hydraulic machine provided in accordance with another embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of a two-sided support table assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a perspective view of a master cylinder device provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 10 is an exploded view of a master cylinder assembly in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of a master cylinder provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 12 is an exploded view of a main oil provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view of a vertical hydraulic machine provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view of a horizontal hydraulic machine provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view of a single plunger double acting cylinder provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 16 is an exploded view of a single plunger double acting cylinder provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view of a single plunger double acting cylinder provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 18 is a perspective view of a tandem press provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 19 is a front elevational view of a tandem press provided in accordance with an embodiment
  • 20 is a perspective view of a two-head, two-cylinder, dual-station intermediate slider hydraulic machine according to an embodiment
  • 21 is a cross-sectional view of a two-head, two-cylinder, dual-station intermediate-slider hydraulic press, in accordance with an embodiment
  • Figure 22 is a perspective view of a fixed mode slide out according to an embodiment
  • FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional view of a stationary mold slide out according to another embodiment.
  • a component when referred to as being “installed on” another component, it can be directly on the other component or a component that is in the middle. When a component is considered to be “set to” another component, it can be placed directly on another component or possibly with a centered component. When a component is considered to be “fixed” to another component, it can be directly attached to another component or a central component can be present at the same time.
  • the present application provides a hydraulic machine 100 for forming a forming process of an automobile hub.
  • the hydraulic machine 100 includes a support assembly 10, a support table device 20, and a master cylinder device 30.
  • the support table device 20 and a master cylinder device 30 are disposed on the support assembly 10, and the master cylinder device 30 is A sliding and/or rolling connection between the support assemblies 10.
  • the material of the support assembly 10 may be one of reinforced concrete, pure steel or cast forging.
  • the support assembly 10 includes a base 11 and at least two support bases 12, and the two support bases 12 are respectively disposed at two ends of the base 11 and are concavely formed with the base 11 or In the "U" configuration, the support table assembly 20 and the master cylinder device 30 are disposed within the female structure.
  • the base 11 and the support base 12 are of a unitary structure to improve the structural strength of the support assembly 10 and stability during operation.
  • the support assembly 10 further includes a mounting seat 13 disposed on the base 11 for mounting the master cylinder device 30. Further, the mounting seat 13 is provided with a sliding rail 131 for realizing a sliding or rolling connection between the main cylinder device 30 and the support assembly 10.
  • the slide rails 131 may be formed by juxtaposed arrangement of a plurality of sticks. Preferably, the slide rails 4 are four.
  • the support assembly 10 is a closed annular or ring-like structure, and the support table device 20 and the main cylinder device 30 are fixed to the On the inner wall of the support assembly 10.
  • the support assembly 10 is a closed loop or ring-like structure, that is, has an outer ring and an inner ring structure, the ring has a certain thickness, and the inner ring is hollow.
  • the annular or ring-like structure includes a long axis and a short axis, and the supporting table device 20 and the master cylinder device 30 are disposed along the long axis direction of the support assembly 10.
  • the outer ring of the support assembly 10 is elliptical
  • the inner ring is approximately rectangular
  • the corner of the inner ring of the support assembly 10 is rounded, so that the inner ring is hollow.
  • a rectangular space is preferred.
  • the section of the support assembly 10 in the short-axis direction is an olive-like closed loop
  • the support table device 20 is fixed at the end of the long shaft
  • the master cylinder device 30 is disposed at the midpoint of the long axis.
  • the olive-like closed loop described herein has a thickness
  • the outer shape of the support assembly 10 is in the form of an olive-shaped slice, which is simply referred to as an olive-shaped support assembly 10 for convenience of description.
  • the olive-shaped support assembly 10 can provide pre-stress of the curved support, has stronger structural stability, and at the same time, the inner ring can maximize the compression equipment space, reduce the equipment space and reduce the weight of the device when the equipment requirements are met. Effectively reduce the use of materials.
  • the outer wall of the support assembly 10 is wound with a wire 14 that reciprocates around the outer circumference of the olive-like closed ring.
  • the wire 14 is reciprocally wound around the long axis of the olive-shaped support assembly 10, i.e., the outer wall of the long-axis direction reciprocates around the wire 14.
  • the olive-shaped structure can provide greater friction and adhesion to the steel wire 14, and is not easy to fall off and loosen, so that the winding performance is stronger, and the structural instability is effectively suppressed.
  • the continuous arc-shaped outer surface of the olive-shaped surface can provide sufficient strength and then be wound by the steel wire 14, and the overall structure is more evenly stressed, thereby providing higher strength to the overall equipment, thereby ensuring long-term stable operation of the hydraulic machine 100.
  • the outer wall of the support assembly 10 is provided with a groove 141 wound around the wire 14, and the wire 14 is wound in the groove 141. More preferably, the groove 141 is padded with a broken iron block 141a for increasing the friction between the wire 14 and the outer wall of the support assembly 10 to prevent the wire 14 from rotating or sliding.
  • the support assembly 10 is arranged as an olive-like support assembly, and the continuous smooth curved structure of the outer wall can uniformly press the whole structure, enhance the support strength, optimize the space, reduce the weight of the component, and minimize the material.
  • the outer wall winding steel wire 14 can further stabilize the structure.
  • the space for winding the steel wire 14 is relatively reduced, and the frictional force of the steel wire winding is correspondingly enhanced, which can effectively suppress structural instability and enhance the pressure of the joint press.
  • the overall mechanical properties improve the structural rigidity, long-term guarantee of the stable operation of the hydraulic machine 100, reduce the use of materials and production costs, and save resources.
  • the support table device 20 includes a single-sided support table assembly 21 and a movable table 22, and the movable table 22 is disposed on the master cylinder device 30, and the movable table 22
  • a pressing mechanism 201 is formed between the single-sided supporting table assembly 21, that is, a pressing space is formed for accommodating the workpiece, so that the master cylinder device 30 drives the movable table 22 for pressing.
  • the number of the single-sided supporting table assemblies 21 is two, and the two single-sided supporting table assemblies 21 are disposed opposite to each other and are respectively mounted on the two supporting tables 12, two The single-sided supporting table assembly 21 is disposed between the main cylinder device 30 and the pressing mechanism 201.
  • the two single-sided supporting table assemblies 21 are required to be described. For the same material, the same process is made to ensure that the two single-sided support table assemblies 21 can withstand the same pressure.
  • two of the single-sided support table assemblies 21 are mounted at both ends of the long axis of the olive-shaped support assembly 10, and the master cylinder device 30 is disposed on the olive-shaped support assembly 10.
  • the midpoint position of the long axis and the press mechanism 201 are formed between the sub-cylinder unit 30 and the main cylinder device 30.
  • the single-sided supporting workbench assembly 21 includes a base 211 and a fixed worktable 212 for supporting a workpiece.
  • the base 211 is disposed at a side of the support base 12, and the fixed worktable 212 is fixed at the
  • the pressing mechanism 201 is formed between the movable table 22 and the fixed table 212 on the base 211.
  • the movable workbench 22 is substantially circular, and the movable workbench is provided with a "T"-shaped groove 221 for fixing a mold, and the movable workbench 22 is further provided with a center.
  • the hole ejector device 222 is configured to eject the workpiece.
  • the center hole ejector device 222 is disposed substantially at the center of the movable table 22.
  • the support table device 20 further includes a two-sided support table assembly 23 , and the two-sided support table assembly 23 is fixed on the substrate 11 .
  • the two-sided supporting table assembly 23 is disposed between the two single-sided supporting table assemblies 21, and the two-sided supporting table assembly 23 and the single-sided supporting table assembly 21 are disposed between The main cylinder device 30, the main cylinder device 30 and the single-sided support table assembly 21 and the two-sided support table assembly 23 respectively form the pressing mechanism 201.
  • the two single-sided supporting table assemblies 21, the two main cylinder devices 30, and the two-sided supporting table assembly 23 are arranged in a "one" shape, and are formed together.
  • Four of the press mechanisms 201 can simultaneously provide a press-fit process for four workpieces.
  • the structure of the two-sided support table assembly 23 is substantially the same as that of the single-sided support table assembly 21, except that the two-sided support table assembly 23 includes two of the fixed tables. 212.
  • the two fixed worktables 212 are mounted on the base 211 opposite to each other to form a working platform capable of supporting the workpiece on both sides.
  • the two fixed stations 212 are coaxially disposed.
  • the fixed table 212 is substantially circular, and the fixed table 212 and the movable table 22 are disposed opposite to each other.
  • the fixed table 212 is also provided with the “T” groove 221, and
  • the fixed working table 212 is also provided with the central hole ejector device 222 , and the central hole ejector device 222 is substantially disposed at the center of the fixed working table 212 .
  • the supporting table device 20 is further provided with an adsorption device (not shown), and the adsorption device (not shown) can stabilize the workpiece between the fixed table 212 and the movable table 22, Therefore, no manual fixing is required, which is advantageous for operation and safe production.
  • the master cylinder device 30 serves as a power output device for driving the movable table 22 toward the fixed table 212 to press the workpiece.
  • the master cylinder device 30 is located at a midpoint of the line between the two single-sided support table assemblies 21.
  • the master cylinder device 30 includes a master cylinder assembly 31 mounted on the mount 13 and a piston rod 32 connected to the master cylinder assembly 31, and the movable table 22 is mounted to the piston rod 32. on.
  • the number of the piston rods 32 is at least two or two groups, and a hydraulic chamber (not shown) is formed between the piston rod 32 and the main cylinder assembly 31, and two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are mutually The reverse direction is set and the direction of motion is on the same line.
  • the spatial variation of the hydraulic chamber causes two or two sets of the piston rods 32 to move toward each other or away from each other.
  • two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are arranged opposite each other, that is, two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are disposed opposite to each other, and the other ends are oppositely disposed, thereby
  • two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are exemplified, and during the movement, two or two of the piston rods 32 are moved toward or away from each other.
  • the master cylinder assembly 31 includes a master cylinder 31a having a number of one, and the master cylinder 31a is connected to two or two sets of piston rods 32 which are disposed opposite each other. It should be understood that in the present embodiment, two or two sets of the piston rods 32 which are disposed opposite to each other are connected to a main cylinder 31a to constitute an integral body.
  • the main cylinder 31a includes a cylinder sleeve 311, a first cover 312, and a second cover 313.
  • the cylinder sleeve 311 has opposite ends, and the first cover 312 and the second cover 313 are respectively disposed at the same Both ends of the cylinder sleeve 311 are described.
  • the main cylinder 31a has a substantially cylindrical shape
  • the cylinder sleeve 311 has an axis
  • the cylinder sleeve 311 is provided with a first through hole 311a penetrating the cylinder sleeve 311 in the axial direction.
  • One end of the piston rod 32 is disposed in the first through hole 311a, and the other end is extended from the first through hole 311a.
  • first cover 312 and the second cover 313 are disposed at two ends of the cylinder cover 311 and block the first through hole 311a, and the first cover 312 and the second cover The 313 is circular and matched with the main ram 31a.
  • the first cover 312 and/or the second cover 313 are provided with a second through hole 312a, two or two sets of the pistons.
  • One end of one or a set of the piston rods 32 of the rod 32 is disposed in the cylinder sleeve 311, and the other end protrudes from the first through hole 311a and the second through hole 312a of the first cover body 312 passes through.
  • the through hole 311a is connected to the movable table 22 after passing through the second through hole 312a of the second cover 313.
  • the main cylinder 31a further includes a fixing member 314 for engaging the mounting seat 13 to fix the main cylinder 31a on the mounting seat 13.
  • each of the master cylinders 31a is coupled to two or two sets of the piston rods 32 to form a plurality of workpieces that can be simultaneously pressed.
  • Embodiment 2 The structure and principle of Embodiment 2 are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1, except that the master cylinder assembly 31 includes a master cylinder 31a, the number of the master cylinders 31a is two, and two of the master cylinders 31a are The back is disposed and fixedly connected to form a joint structure, two of the main cylinders 31a are coaxially disposed, and one or a pair of the piston rods 32 of the two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are connected to one of the main cylinders 31a, two Alternatively, the other of the two sets of piston rods 32 or the other set of piston rods 32 is coupled to the other main sump 31a.
  • one or a group of piston rods 32 in the two master cylinders 31a together constitute two or two sets of the piston rods 32, two or two sets of the pistons.
  • the directions of movement of the rods 32 lie on the same line and vice versa.
  • the first cover 312 is provided with the second through hole 312a, wherein one end of one or a set of piston rods is disposed in one of the main cylinders 31a, and the other end is disposed in the first
  • the second through hole 312a on a cover 312 is connected to the movable table 22.
  • the number of the master cylinders 31a is an even number, and the two master cylinders 31a constitute one group, and each of the master cylinders 31a is connected to one or a group of the piston rods 32.
  • the piston rod 32 includes at least two or two groups, and two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are oppositely arranged with each other and the moving direction is on the same straight line.
  • the piston rod 32 and the main cylinder 31a are first.
  • a hydraulic chamber (not shown) is formed between the inner walls of the through holes 311a. When working, the space of the hydraulic chamber changes such that two or two sets of the piston rods 32 are close to each other or away from each other to drive the movable table. 22 is moved closer to or away from the fixed table 212 to effect press-fitting of the workpiece.
  • the piston rod 32 is provided with a sealing member 321 for sealingly connecting the piston rod 32 and the inner wall of the first through hole 311a.
  • the sealing member 321 is a rubber sealing ring.
  • the hydraulic machine 100 further includes a frame structure 40, and the support assembly 10 is fixed on the frame structure 40.
  • the frame structure 40 has opposite ends and two sides. The two ends of the frame structure 40 are sandwiched between the two sides of the frame structure 40.
  • a wire member 41 is wound on the outer wall of the frame structure 40.
  • the frame structure 40 is provided with a connecting member 42.
  • the connecting member 42 is connected with a seat body 421.
  • the seat body 421 is connected to the structure by bolts or the like. On the connector 42.
  • the position of the seat body 421 is determined by the hydraulic machine 100 being a vertical hydraulic machine or a horizontal hydraulic machine.
  • the hydraulic machine 100 is a horizontal hydraulic machine; when the seat body 421 is disposed at two ends of the frame structure 41, The hydraulic machine 100 is a vertical hydraulic machine.
  • a workpiece to be pressed is placed between the master cylinder device 30 and the single-sided support table assembly 21, that is, between the movable table 22 and the fixed table 212, and then the main cylinder is started.
  • the device 30, the piston rod 32 drives the movable table 22 to gradually approach the fixed table 212 to press the workpiece to be pressed.
  • the present application employs two or two sets of piston rods 32 which are oppositely arranged and have a moving direction on the same straight line. During the pressing operation, two or two sets of the piston rods are reversed. The movement can effectively maintain the balance of the pressure of the piston rod 32, and can also cancel the reaction force of the piston rod 32; in addition, the same main cylinder device 30 and two identical single-sided support table assemblies 21 are used.
  • the present application further provides a single plunger double acting cylinder 500,
  • the single plunger double acting cylinder 500 includes a plunger 510 and two cylinders 530.
  • the plunger 510 includes a plunger seat 511 and two plunger rods 512.
  • the two plunger rods 512 are coaxially disposed, two The plunger rods 512 are respectively disposed on two sides of the plunger holder 511.
  • the cylinder 530 is provided with a blind hole (not shown) that cooperates with the plunger rod 512.
  • the plunger rod 512 is One end extends into the blind hole and defines an oil chamber 520 between the hole wall of the blind hole, and the plunger rod 512 is open to communicate with the oil chamber 520 and can oil and/or discharge the oil chamber 520
  • the through holes of the oil when the oil chamber 520 is injected or drained, the two cylinders move axially in the opposite direction along the plunger rod 512.
  • the single plunger double acting cylinder 500 is composed of a plunger 510 and two cylinders 530, wherein the plunger 510 is fixedly disposed.
  • the plunger 510 includes a plunger seat 511 and a plunger rod 512.
  • the plunger seat 511 and the plunger rod 512 are integrally formed, and the plunger seat 511 has two plungers on opposite sides thereof.
  • the rod 512 is connected at one end to form a plunger rod 512 at both ends and a plunger seat 511 in the middle.
  • the plunger seat 511 is disposed coaxially with the plunger rod 512.
  • a blind hole is defined in the cylinder 530.
  • the plunger rod 512 is matched with the size of the blind hole, and the other ends of the two plunger rods 512 are respectively slidably engaged with the two cylinders 530. It should be noted that the blind hole has a depth greater than the effective length of the plunger rod 512. When the plunger rod 512 is fully inserted into the blind hole, a part of the blind hole is still in a cavity state, and the cavity is oil. Cavity 520.
  • the plunger rod 512 is provided with a through hole connecting the outside and the oil chamber 520. When the oil is injected into the oil chamber 520 through the through hole, the oil chamber 520 is pressed to increase the space. Since the plunger 510 is fixed, the oil is fixed.
  • the hydraulic oil in the chamber 520 pushes the cylinder 530 to move, forming two cylinders 530 respectively moving away from the plunger rod 512.
  • the cylinder 530 can be connected to the pressing device, and the two cylinders 530 are supplied with pressure due to the communication of the through holes.
  • the pressure of the combined device is uniform; conversely, when the oil is drained from the oil chamber 520 through the through hole, that is, the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 520 is gradually reduced, the two cylinders 530 will gradually approach the plunger seat 511, the cylinder
  • the 530 can drive the press to reset. By filling or draining the oil, the two cylinders 530 are moved in opposite directions to each other, thereby providing push-and-reduction of the press, enabling one plunger to provide two equal-pressure compression forces.
  • the plunger 510 form of the present application can be set according to requirements, and the cross section of the plunger rod 512 can be a circular shape, a polygonal shape, a regular polygon, and only needs to meet the close sliding fit of the plunger rod 512 and the blind hole, the plunger seat
  • the form of 511 is various and is not limited to the perspective view of the present application.
  • the plunger seat 511 and the plunger rod 512 are all cylindrical, and the cross-sectional radius of the plunger seat 511 is larger than the cross-sectional radius of the plunger rod 512.
  • the plunger seat 511 and the plunger rod 512 are both cylindrical.
  • the plunger rod 512 is matched with the oil cylinder 530.
  • the plunger seat 511 has a large cross section, which can satisfy the limit of the oil cylinder 530, and ensures the oil cylinder 530 and the plunger rod 512. Further, the inner wall of the blind hole of the plunger rod 512 or the cylinder 530 is provided with a limiting device for preventing the plunger rod 512 from falling off the cylinder, thereby ensuring the moving distance and repeated movement of the two.
  • the through hole is T-shaped, and extends from the radially outer surface of the plunger seat 511 toward the plunger seat 511, and then extends axially from the center of the plunger seat 511 toward the plunger rod 512.
  • the through hole can be understood as a T-shaped type, and the two plunger rods 512 are disposed coaxially with the plunger seat 511, that is, the plunger rod 512 is located in the same axial direction as the cross-sectional center of the plunger seat 511, and therefore, the intersection of the through holes
  • the centroid of the plunger holder 511 can be preferably provided.
  • the through hole includes a pressurizing hole 513 and a rapid flushing hole 514, and the diameter of the rapid liquid working hole 514 is larger than the diameter of the boosting hole 513.
  • the boosting hole 513 can provide sufficient pressure for the oil chamber 520 to ensure the stability of the oil filling, and the rapid liquid discharging hole 514 can quickly discharge oil and oil. In the initial stage of the cylinder movement, due to the small pressure, the rapid liquid passing through the large diameter hole 514 can quickly realize the volume change of the oil chamber 520.
  • the aperture of the pressure increasing hole 513 is small, and the oil can be gradually injected into the oil chamber 520 to smoothly increase the high pressure value of the oil chamber 520, thereby ensuring Cylinder 530 provides sufficient, stable pressure.
  • the oil cylinder 530 described in the present application is a pressing portion for achieving press-fitting.
  • the oil cylinder 530 includes a sleeve body 531 and a cylinder cover plate 532, and the sleeve body 531 is tubular.
  • the sleeve portion is engaged with the plunger rod 512, one end of the sleeve body 531 is engaged with the plunger rod 512, and the other end is sealingly connected to the cylinder cover plate 532.
  • the sleeve body 531 is opened in the axial direction for engaging with the plunger rod 512.
  • connection hole corresponds to the blind hole of the oil cylinder 530, but the sleeve body 531 is open at both ends, and the other end requires the cylinder cover 532.
  • the cooperation is closed, and the cylinder cover 532 can be connected with the pressing mechanism device according to actual needs to realize the connection of the pressing force.
  • the outer wall of the sleeve 531 is provided with a prestressed tensioning device 533, or the outer wall of the sleeve 531 is provided with an interference. Fitted tensioning device.
  • the sleeve 531 is fastened by a pre-stressed tensioning device 533, preferably the pre-stressed tensioning device is a pre-stress wound wire.
  • the pre-stressed wound steel wire can ensure the pressure of the sleeve body 531, provide the strength and fatigue resistance of the sleeve body 531, effectively ensure the pressure of the oil chamber 520, and improve the service life of the sleeve body 531.
  • the cylinder cover 532 is connected to the sleeve 531, and may be flanged.
  • the cylinder cover 532 is provided with an opening for mounting bolts, and the sleeve 531 is provided with a screw hole corresponding to the position of the opening.
  • the flange connection can ensure the stability of the connection.
  • the cylinder cover 532 and the sleeve 531 are provided with a sealing ring (not shown) at the joint of the sleeve 512, and the plunger rod 512 and the sleeve
  • the outer wall of the sliding end of the body 531 is provided with a mechanical sealing device (not shown).
  • the present application realizes a two-power structure of a plunger 510 by providing a fixed plunger 510 and a moving oil cylinder 530.
  • the plunger 510 is fixed and the cylinder 530 is slidably matched, thereby ensuring the power output of the hydraulic mechanism and providing two
  • the power mechanism with the same pressure ensures the pressure equalization on both sides, which can effectively improve the working efficiency of the hydraulic mechanism, ensure the pressure balance, and effectively save equipment manufacturing costs and save resources.
  • the application has reasonable structure, simple structure and strong practicability, and is beneficial to equipment promotion and application.
  • a single plunger double acting cylinder 500 includes a plunger 510 and two oil cylinders 530.
  • the two oil cylinders 530 are respectively a first oil cylinder and a second oil cylinder.
  • the plunger 510 is fixed and fixed. move.
  • the plunger 510 is an integral structure composed of a plunger seat 511 and two plunger rods 512.
  • the two plunger rods 512 are a first plunger rod 512, a second plunger rod 512, a plunger seat 511 and a column, respectively.
  • the plug rods 512 are all cylindrical, and the two plunger rods 512 are coaxially disposed on both sides of the plunger seat 511.
  • the cross-sectional area of the plunger seat 511 is twice the cross-sectional area of the plunger rod 512, that is, the plunger
  • the ratio of the cross-sectional radius of the seat 511 to the cross-sectional radius of the plunger rod 512 is about 1.4:1.
  • the two cylinders 530 are identical in structure, and each includes a sleeve 531 and a cylinder cover 532.
  • the sleeve 531 is tubular.
  • the tubular inner wall is slidably engaged with the axial outer wall of the plunger rod 512.
  • the inner wall of the sleeve 531 has a length greater than that of the plunger rod 512.
  • the effective length, the sleeve 531 has one end engaged with the plunger rod 512, the other end is sealingly connected with the cylinder cover 532, the plunger rod 512 extends into the tube hole of the sleeve 531, and the end of the plunger rod 512 and the cylinder cover 532 An oil chamber 520 is left.
  • the plunger rod 511 is provided with a T-shaped through hole, and extends from the radially outer surface of the plunger seat 511 toward the plunger seat 511, and then extends axially from the plunger seat 511 to the plunger rod 512.
  • the through hole includes two pressurizing holes 513 and a quick liquid injecting hole 514.
  • the quick injecting hole 514 is disposed at the axial center of the plunger rod 512, and the two pressurizing holes 513 are respectively located at two sides of the quick flushing hole 514.
  • the oil chamber 520 can be connected to the outside, and the two plunger rods 512 cooperate with the two sleeve bodies 531 to form two oil chambers 520, the through holes are connected, and the two oil chambers 520 are equalizing oil chambers 520, ensuring two The cylinder thrust is the same.
  • the outer wall of the sleeve 531 is provided with a prestressed wound steel wire to ensure the compression resistance of the sleeve 531.
  • the cylinder cover 532 is provided with an opening for mounting bolts, and the sleeve 531 is provided with a screw hole corresponding to the opening position, and the cylinder cover 532
  • the sleeve body 531 is flanged, and the cylinder cover plate 532 and the sleeve body 531 are connected with a sealing ring.
  • the outer wall of the end of the plunger rod 512 and the sleeve body 531 is provided with a mechanical sealing device.
  • the working principle of the single plunger double acting cylinder 500 is as follows:
  • the two oil chambers 520 When the quick flushing hole 514 is filled with oil into the oil chamber 520, the space of the oil chamber 520 is gradually increased. Since the plunger 510 is fixed, the two oil chambers 520 are connected and pressure balanced, and the two oil chambers 520 are Pushing, forming two oil chambers 520 gradually moving away from each other, the two oil chambers 520 can provide two pressures of the same pressure, when the pressure is increased to a certain value, the oil pressure is gradually injected through the pressure increasing holes 513 to achieve steady pressurization; Conversely, when the oil is drained through the rapid flushing port 514, the oil chamber 520 is reduced in space, and the two cylinders are pulled back, and the two cylinders are close to each other.
  • the present application also provides a tandem press 600.
  • the tandem press 600 includes a power unit (not shown) mounted on the main body frame 610 to provide a power source, a moving work table 620 in linkage with the power unit, a fixed work table 630 fixed on the main body frame 610, and an intermediate connection A table 640, at least one, is disposed between the moving table 620 and the fixed table 630, and is slidably and/or rollingly connected to the main body frame 610; the moving table 620 gradually moves toward the fixed table under the linkage of the power unit
  • the proximity of 630 causes the intermediate connection table 640 to slide and/or roll, causing the mobile table 620, the intermediate connection table 640, and the fixed table 630 to form at least two series compression mechanisms.
  • the main body frame 610 is a support structure for mounting other components
  • the power device is a power output of the press, which may be a hydraulic press, a punch press, a hydraulic press or a pneumatic press, mounted on the main body frame 610, and the power device and the mobile work.
  • the stage 620 is linked to provide power to the mobile workbench 620, which can be moved so that the mobile workbench 620 can move a specified distance or output a specified pressure if the power unit provides a power source.
  • a fixed table 630 is mounted on the body frame 610 to provide stable support.
  • the intermediate connection table 640 is disposed intermediate the moving table 620 and the fixed table 630, and the intermediate table is slidably and/or rollingly coupled to the main body frame 610.
  • the moving table 620, the fixed table 630, and the intermediate connecting table 640 are sequentially connected in series, and when the power unit outputs power, the moving table 620 moves toward the fixed table 630, because the intermediate connection table 640 is disposed in the middle, When the intermediate connection table 640 is pressed, it will slide and/or roll, forcing the intermediate connection table 640 to move toward the fixed table 630, thereby moving the moving table 620 with the intermediate connection table 640, the intermediate connection table 640, and the fixed
  • the table 630 forms a press mechanism, so that at least two press mechanisms are formed. Moreover, due to the mobility of the intermediate connection table 640, the pressures of the two press mechanisms are the same.
  • the press structure is also formed between the two intermediate connection tables 640, thereby forming three pressing mechanisms of the same pressure.
  • N the number of intermediate connecting tables 640
  • N+1 pressing mechanisms of the same pressure can be formed to realize one pressing of one power device and the purpose of producing a plurality of workpieces.
  • the connection between the intermediate connection table 640 and the main body frame 610 is directly related to the compression effect of the series press mechanism.
  • the intermediate connection table 640 is slidably coupled to the main body 610 frame by a slider, and the main body frame 610 is provided. There is a slide bar 611 that cooperates with the slider.
  • the sliding bar 611 is provided with a limiting block (not shown) for limiting the sliding distance or position of the slider, and the limiting distance is used to control the moving distance of each intermediate connecting table 640, thereby protecting the safety of the device. It can leave a certain space distance for each pressing mechanism to ensure the placement and movement of the workpiece.
  • a spring (not shown) is disposed between the intermediate connection table 640, and the intermediate connection table 640 is disposed between the intermediate table 640 and the fixed table 630.
  • the spring is mounted on the sliding rod 611, and the limiting block limits the normal distance of the spring.
  • the workpiece is processed without the mold, and the application further includes a station mold
  • the working mold includes at least two groups, which are respectively disposed on the moving table 620 and the intermediate connection table 640, the intermediate connection table 640 and the fixed table 630. between.
  • Each set of station molds is mounted on each of the pressing mechanisms.
  • a set of station molds are also installed between the two adjacent intermediate connecting tables 640.
  • each set of working molds comprises a male mold and a female mold, the male mold is installed at the pressing end of the pressing mechanism, and the female mold is installed at the pressure receiving end of the pressing mechanism, such as the intermediate connection at the moving table 620.
  • the male mold is mounted on the moving table 620, and the mother mold is mounted on the intermediate connecting table 640.
  • the male mold is mounted on the intermediate moving work table 640 that is moving first, or the male mold is installed in the middle of the two adjacent moving work stations 620.
  • the master mold is mounted on another intermediate connection table 640.
  • the main body frame 610 provides support for the entire apparatus, the main body frame 610 is a wrap-around winding frame, and the main body frame 610 is provided with a mounting position of the mounting part.
  • the enclosed wrap structure of the main body frame 610 effectively improves the stability of the device.
  • the centroids of the moving table 620, the intermediate connecting table 640, and the fixed table 630 are located on the same axis, and the power device is a cylinder,
  • the piston telescopic shaft of the cylinder coincides with the mandrel of the moving table 620, the intermediate connection table 640, and the fixed table 630. That is, on the axis of the power output of the power unit, the pressure of the moving table 620, the intermediate connecting table 640, and the fixed table 630 is also on the axis, and the pressure receiving center of the series pressure receiving device is coaxial, ensuring each pressure.
  • the pressing positions of the combined mechanism are coaxially overlapped to equalize the pressure of the workpiece.
  • the mobile workbench 620, the intermediate connection workbench 640, and the fixed workbench 630 are connected in series by using the mobility of the intermediate connection workbench 640 to form a plurality of press-fit mechanisms, thereby improving production efficiency and optimizing.
  • the production structure saves production costs, saves resources, and because of the mobility of the intermediate connection workbench 640, the pressure equalization of each press-fit mechanism is ensured, thereby ensuring production quality.
  • a series press 600 includes a main body frame 610, a moving table 620, a fixed table 630, an intermediate connecting table 640, and a hydraulic cylinder 650, and a hydraulic cylinder 650.
  • the fixed workbench 630 is fixed on the main body frame 610
  • the hydraulic cylinder 650 is a power output device
  • the hydraulic cylinder 650 is linked with the mobile workbench 620
  • the intermediate connection workbench 640 is provided with a slider
  • the main body frame 610 is provided with a slide bar 611.
  • the slider cooperates with the slide bar 611 to enable the intermediate connection table 640 to slide.
  • the pressing or pressing center of the moving table 620, the intermediate connecting table 640, and the fixed table 630 is coaxial.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 650 is disposed on the top of the main body frame 610. From top to bottom, there are a moving workbench 620, an intermediate connecting workbench 640, and a fixed workbench 630.
  • the upper end surface of the moving workbench 620 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder 650, and the fixed workbench 630 is fixed.
  • the lower end surface is fixedly connected to the main body frame 610, the lower end surface of the moving table 620 is connected to the first male mold 601, the upper end surface of the intermediate connection table 640 is connected to the first female mold 602, and the lower end surface of the intermediate connection table 640 is
  • the second male mold 603 is connected, and the upper end surface of the fixed table 630 is connected to the second female mold 604.
  • the sliding rod 611 is provided with a limiting block (not shown) and a spring (not shown).
  • the spring is disposed on the sliding rod 611 between the intermediate connecting table 640 and the fixed working table 630, and the limiting block is used for limiting sliding. The distance between the block and the spring. In the normal state in which the device of the present application does not work, the spring is in an extended state. Due to the limitation of the limiting block, the position of the slider does not move, and the position of the intermediate connecting table 640 remains unchanged.
  • the first male mold 601 and the first The distance between a female mold 602 is L
  • the distance between the second male mold 603 and the second female mold 604 is D
  • L and D are nearly equal or equal, which ensures that the gaps of the two pressing mechanisms are the same, which is beneficial to the workpiece. Placement.
  • the working principle of the tandem press 600 is as follows:
  • the two workpieces to be processed are respectively placed on the first mother mold 602 and the second female mold 604, and the hydraulic cylinder 650 is activated.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 650 drives the moving table 620 to move downward, so that the first male mold 601 is moved to the first female mold.
  • 602 moves, when the first male mold 601 is in contact with the workpiece, the workpiece is pressed, forcing the intermediate connecting table 640 to move synchronously with the moving table 620, when the workpiece between the second male mold 603 and the second female mold 604 is pressed
  • the moving speed of the mobile workbench 620 and the intermediate connection workbench 640 is slowed down.
  • the hydraulic cylinder 650 continues to be pressurized, the moving table 620 and the intermediate connecting table 640 are slowly moved, and the two workpieces are pressed by the mold to complete the workpiece pressing process.
  • the workpieces of the first male mold 601 and the first female mold 602 are pressurized equal to the workpieces of the second male mold 603 and the second female mold 604, and the two workpieces are pressed together.
  • the pressure is the same size. This application can effectively improve production efficiency and ensure product quality.
  • the present application also provides a two-head two-cylinder double-station intermediate slider hydraulic machine 700.
  • a two-head twin-cylinder double-station intermediate-slider hydraulic machine 700 includes a power assembly 710, a mold assembly 720, a fixed platform 730, and a support base 740.
  • the power assembly 710 and the fixed platform 730 are both mounted on a support base.
  • the mold assembly 720 includes a movable mold 721 and a fixed mold 722.
  • the movable mold 721 is mounted on the power assembly 710.
  • the fixed mold 722 is mounted on the fixed platform 730, and the fixed mold 722 can be perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable mold 721. Move on.
  • the two-head twin-cylinder dual-station intermediate slider hydraulic machine 700 has a power assembly 710 for providing punching power, a mold assembly 720 for stamping a product model, and a fixed platform 730 for mounting a partial structure of the mold assembly 720 to provide overall support.
  • the support base 740 of the table top, the mold assembly 720 is generally two-part.
  • the mold assembly 720 includes a movable mold 721 and a fixed mold 722.
  • the movable mold 721 is connected to the power assembly 710 and can be at the power assembly 710.
  • the fixed mold 722 is connected with the fixed platform 730, and can be matched with the movable mold 721 to form a stamping die, and the stamping of the mold is completed.
  • the fixed mold 722 is movable, and the moving direction of the fixed mold 722 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable mold 721.
  • the moving mold 721 and the fixed mold 722 are horizontally moved, and the moving directions of the two are in a certain direction. On the horizontal plane, of course, the moving direction of the two is not in the same horizontal plane.
  • the fixed mold 722 described herein can be moved, including the fixed mold 722 moving separately, and the fixed mold 722 moving along with other components, for example, the fixed mold 722 is separately moved on the fixed platform 730, or the fixed mold 722 is fixed at the fixed position. On the platform 730, the fixed platform 730 is moved, as long as the fixed mold 722 is moved, the stamped module can be taken out, and other components of the stamping apparatus are not obstructed.
  • the material to be processed is placed on the mold.
  • the mold is placed on the fixed mold 722, and the power assembly 710 is driven.
  • the movable mold 721 gradually closes the fixed mold 722, and the movable mold 721 and the fixed mold 722 are matched and matched.
  • the power assembly 710 is away from the fixed mold 722, the movable mold 721 is separated from the fixed mold 722, and the fixed mold 722 is moved. Since the movement of the fixed mold 722 is a lateral movement relative to the movable mold 721, after the fixed mold 722 is moved, It is convenient to take out the stamped workpiece 701.
  • the moving mold 721 can be moved out of the distance, and the stamping of the workpiece 701 can be completed, thereby effectively reducing the movable mold 721.
  • the movement stroke reduces power consumption and improves the processing efficiency of the workpiece 701.
  • a two-head twin-cylinder double-station intermediate slider hydraulic machine 700 includes a power assembly 710, a mold assembly 720, a fixed platform 730, and a support base 740.
  • the power assembly 710 and the fixed platform 730 are both mounted on the support.
  • the base 740 has at least two sets of power components 710, at least one of the fixed platforms 730, and the power assembly 710 is coaxially or substantially coaxially disposed with the fixed platform 730.
  • the mold assembly 720 includes a movable mold 721, a fixed mold 722, and a movable mold 721.
  • the stationary mold 722 is mounted on the fixed platform 730, and the movable mold 721 is gradually driven closer to the matching fixed mold 722 by the power assembly 710 to form a punching mechanism, and at least two sets of punching mechanisms are formed.
  • the power components 710 are at least two groups, and the fixed platform 730 is at least one.
  • the power components 710 are two sets, and the fixed platform 730 is one.
  • the two sets of power components 710 are respectively disposed on two sides of the fixed platform 730, and are disposed coaxially with the fixed platform 730.
  • the fixed platform 730 is mounted on the support base 740.
  • the mold assembly 720 is two sets, wherein the fixed molds 722 are respectively disposed on both sides of the fixed platform 730, and the movable molds 721 and the fixed molds 722 of the two sets of molds are coaxial.
  • the power assembly 710 includes a power cylinder 711 and a piston slider 712.
  • the piston slider 712 is drivingly coupled to the power cylinder 711, and the movable mold 721 is mounted at an end of the piston slider 712.
  • the power cylinder 711 is mounted on the support base 740.
  • the piston slider 712 is driven and disposed by the power cylinder 711.
  • One end of the piston slider 712 is connected to the power cylinder 711, and the other end is connected to the movable mold 721.
  • the support base 740 is provided with a track or a slide for the movement of the piston slider 712, which is ensured by the limit and guiding property of the rail.
  • the moving direction and stability of the movable mold 721 improve the punching quality.
  • the movable mold 721 is a convex mold
  • the fixed mold 722 is a concave mold
  • the fixed platform 730 is provided with an ejector device for taking out the stamped product in the concave mold.
  • the fixed platform 730 is provided with a slide rail 732 and a slider 731 slidingly matched with the slide rail 732.
  • the fixed mold 722 is mounted on the slider 731, and the sliding direction of the slider 731 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable mold 721, wherein
  • the movable mold 721 and the slider 731 are both horizontally moved, and the length of the slide rail 732 extends at least from the circumferential outer side of the mold assembly 720 to ensure that the workpiece 701 in the female mold can be taken out and other parts of the stamping device are removed after the female mold is moved out. No obstacles.
  • the die is horizontally removed, and the two workpieces to be processed are placed on the concave molds on both sides of the fixed platform 730, and moved back to the concave mold.
  • the two concave molds are coaxial with the two convex molds, and the power assembly 710 is driven.
  • the movable mold 721 is moved.
  • the power assembly 710 drives the movable mold 721 away from the fixed mold 722.
  • the power assembly 710 stops driving and slides.
  • the block 731 is removed from the die, and the stamped workpiece 701 is removed from the die, and one stamping is completed, and the two workpieces 701 are processed.
  • the processing of the two workpieces 701 can be completed in one press, and the moving stroke of the movable mold 721 is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, and the production efficiency is effectively improved.
  • the fixed platform 730 is slidably disposed on the support base 740.
  • the sliding direction of the fixed platform 730 is perpendicular to the moving direction of the movable mold 721, and the movable mold 721 and the fixed platform 730 are both Moving horizontally, the fixed platform 730 can at least slide out of the circumferential outer edge of the mold assembly 720.
  • the fixed platform 730 is provided with a sliding locking device (not shown) to prevent the mold 722 during stamping. A small amount of movement or shaking occurs to avoid stamping errors due to mold misalignment.

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Abstract

一种主油缸装置，包括主油缸组件(31)以及与所述主油缸组件(31)相连的活塞杆(32)，所述活塞杆(32)的数量至少为两个或两组，所述活塞杆(32)与所述主油缸组件(31)之间形成液压腔，两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)互为反向设置且运动方向位于同一直线上，工作时，所述液压腔的空间变化使得两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)互相靠近或互相远离运动。还涉及一种包括该主油缸装置的液压机。在压合的工作过程中，两个或两组互为反向设置的活塞杆(32)往相反的方向运动，既能有效地保持所述活塞杆压力的均衡，也可以互相抵消所述活塞杆的反作用力，提高压合过程中工件的一致性。

Description

主油缸装置及其液压机
相关申请
本申请要求2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201710585825.8，名称为“一种液压机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201720871387.7，名称为“一种液压机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201710585256.7，名称为“一种卧式液压油缸机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201720870803.1，名称为“一种卧式液压油缸机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201710585444.X，名称为“一种卧式缠绕液压机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201720871870.5，名称为“一种卧式缠绕液压机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201710585461.3，名称为“一种立式缠绕液压机”、2017年07月18日申请的，申请号为201720871380.5，名称为“一种立式缠绕液压机”、2017年07月19申请的，申请号为201710591502.X，名称为“一种单缸反向双柱塞液压机油缸”、2017年07月19申请的，申请号为201721124707.9，名称为“一种单缸反向双柱塞液压机油缸”、2017年09月04申请的，申请号为201710787346.4，名称为“一种串联压机”、2017年09月04申请的，申请号为201721124707.9，名称为“一种串联压机”、2017年09月01申请的，申请号为201721110914.9，名称为“一种单柱塞双动油缸”、2017年09月01申请的，申请号为201710796069.3，名称为“一种单柱塞双动油缸”、2017年12月03申请的，申请号为201711255999.4，名称为“一种两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机”及2017年12月03申请的，申请号为201721657019.9，名称为“一种橄榄形背靠背双缸联压机”中国专利申请的优先权，在此将其全文引入作为参考。
技术领域
本申请涉及液压技术领域，特别是涉及一种主油缸装置及其液压机。
背景技术
随着汽车产业的发展，对汽车轮毂的性能及需求量越来越高。汽车轮毂一般采用液压设备进行成型处理，而现有的液压设备吨位重、成本高，制造复杂并且生产效率低。
发明内容
基于此，根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种主油缸装置及其液压机。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用了下列技术方案：
一种主油缸装置，包括主油缸组件以及与所述主油缸组件相连的活塞杆，所述活塞杆的数量至少为两个或两组，所述活塞杆与所述主油缸组件之间形成液压腔，两个或两组所述活塞杆互为反向设置且运动方向位于同一直线上，工作时，所述液压腔的空间变化使得两个或两组所述活塞杆互相靠近或互相远离运动。
本申请还提供如下方案：
一种液压机，包括：
支撑组件；主油缸装置，所述主油缸装置与所述支撑组件之间滑动连接和/或滚动连接；支撑工作台装置，包括两个能够承受同等压力的单面式支撑工作台组件以及活动工作台，所述单面式支撑工作台组件与支撑组件连接，所述主油缸装置设于两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件之间，且与所述单面式支撑工作台组件之间间隔设置；两个或两组所述活塞杆从所述主油缸装置伸出并与所述活动工作台连接，所述活动工作台与所述单面式支撑工作台组件形成压合机构。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其它特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。”但同时要保证实施例部分记载了与原技术效果和优点相对应的表述。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些申请的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的申请、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的这些申请的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为根据一实施例提供的液压机的立体图；
图2为根据一实施例提供的安装座的立体图；
图3为根据另一实施例提供的支撑组件的立体图；
图4为图3的主视图；
图5为图3的剖视图；
图6为根据一实施例提供的单面式支撑工作台组件的立体图；
图7为根据另一实施例提供的液压机的立体图；
图8为根据一实施例提供的两面式支撑工作台组件的立体图；
图9为根据一实施例提供的主油缸装置的立体图；
图10为根据一实施例提供的主油缸装置的分解图；
图11为根据一实施例提供的主油缸的立体图；
图12为根据一实施例提供的主油的分解图；
图13为根据一实施例提供的立式液压机的立体图；
图14为根据一实施例提供的卧式液压机的立体图；
图15为根据一实施例提供的单柱塞双动油缸立体图；
图16为根据一实施例提供的单柱塞双动油缸分解图；
图17为根据一实施例提供的单柱塞双动油缸剖视图；
图18为根据一实施例提供的串联压机的立体图；
图19为根据一实施例提供的串联压机的主视图；
图20为根据一实施例提供的两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机的立体图；
图21为根据一实施例提供的两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机的剖视图；
图22为根据一实施例提供的定模滑出的立体图；
图23为根据另一实施例提供的定模滑出剖视图。
图中，100表示液压机100；10表示支撑组件；11表示基座；12表示支撑台；13表示安装座；131表示滑轨；14表示钢丝；141表示凹槽；141a表示碎铁块；20表示支撑工作台装置；201表示压合机构；21表示单面式支撑工作台组件；211表示底座；212表示固定工作台；22表示活动工作台；221表示“T”型槽；222表示中心孔顶出装置；23表示两面式支撑工作台组件；30表示主油缸装置；31表示主油缸组件；31a表示主油缸；311表示油缸套；311a表示第一通孔；312表示第一盖体；312a表示第二通孔；313表示第二盖体；314表示固定件；32表示活塞杆；321表示密封件；40表示框架结构；41表示钢丝件；42表示连接件；421表示座体；500表示单柱塞双动油缸；510表示柱塞；511表示柱塞座；512表示柱塞杆；513表示增压孔；514表示快速冲液孔；520表示油腔；530表示油缸；531表示套体；532表示油缸盖板；533表示预应力拉紧装置；600表示串联压机；601表示第一公模具；602表示第一母模具；603表示第二公模具；604表示第二母模具；610表示主体框架；611表示滑杆；620表示移动工作台；630表示固定工作台；640表示中间连接工作台；650表示液压缸；700表示两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机；701表示工件；710表示动力组件；711表示动力油缸；712表示活塞滑块；720表示模具组件；721表示动模；722表示定模；730表示固定平台；731表示滑块；732表示滑轨；740表示支撑基面。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“装设于”另一个组件，它可以直接在另一个组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“固定于”另一个组件，它可以是直接固定在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。本文所使用的术语“或/及”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
如图1所示，本申请提供一种液压机100，所述液压机100用以汽车轮毂的成型处理。所述液压机100包括支撑组件10、支撑工作台装置20以及主油缸装置30，所述支撑工作台装置20以及主油缸装置30设于所述支撑组件10上，所述主油缸装置30与所述支撑组件10之间滑动和/或滚动连接。
所述支撑组件10的材料可以是钢筋混凝土、纯钢或者铸锻件中的一种。所述支撑组件10包括基座11以及至少两个支撑台12，两个所述支撑台12分别设于所述基座11的两端，并与所述基座11之间围成凹型结构或者“U”型结构， 所述支撑工作台装置20以及主油缸装置30设于凹型结构内。优选地，所述基座11与所述支撑台12为一体式结构，以提高所述支撑组件10的结构强度以及工作过程中的稳定性。
如图2所示，所述支撑组件10还包括安装座13，所述安装座13设于所述基座11上，用以安装所述主油缸装置30。进一步地，所述安装座13上设有滑轨131，所述滑轨131用以实现所述主油缸装置30与所述支撑组件10之间的滑动或者滚动连接。在本实施例中，所述滑轨131可以由多根棍棒并列排布形成，优选地，所述滑轨4为四条。
在另一实施方式中，如图3至图5所示，所述支撑组件10为一闭合环状或类环状结构，所述支撑工作台装置20、所述主油缸装置30固定于所述支撑组件10的内壁上。应该可以理解的是，所述支撑组件10为一闭合环状或类环状结构，即具有外环、内环结构，环具有一定厚度，内环中空。需要解释的是，所述的环状或类环状结构均包括长轴、短轴，所述支撑工作台装置20、所述主油缸装置30沿所述支撑组件10的长轴方向设置。优选地，在该实施例中，支撑组件10的外环为类椭圆状，内环为近似矩形，所述支撑组件10的内环的角点为圆倒角，如此，内环中空为一个近似矩形的空间。
优选地，所述支撑组件10的沿短轴方向的截面为类橄榄形闭合环，所述支撑工作台装置20固定在长轴的端部，主油缸装置30设置在长轴的中点位置。需要解释的是，这里所说的类橄榄形闭合环具有厚度，所述支撑组件10的外形呈现橄榄形切片状，为便于表述以下简称为橄榄形支撑组件10。所述橄榄形支撑组件10可提供弧形支撑的预应力，具有更强的结构稳定性，同时内环最大限度的压缩设备空间，在满足设备需求的情况下，减少设备空间，降低设备重量，有效减少材料的使用。
为提高所述支撑组件10的力学性能，保证结构稳定性，所述支撑组件10的外壁缠绕有钢丝14，所述钢丝14顺着类橄榄形闭合环的外周往复环绕。优选地，所述钢丝14绕着所述橄榄形支撑组件10的长轴往复缠绕，即长轴方向外壁来回往复绕钢丝14。从类橄榄形纵截面的长轴一端到另一端往复缠绕，橄榄形结构能为钢丝14提供更大的摩擦力和附着力，不容易脱落和松弛，使得缠绕性能更强，有效抑制结构失稳，橄榄形外表面的连续弧状，能够提供足够强度，再通过钢丝14缠绕，整体结构受力更均匀，为整体的设备提供更高的强度，从而保液压机100的长效稳定运行。
优选地，所述支撑组件10外壁设有缠绕钢丝14的凹槽141，所述钢丝14缠绕在所述凹槽141中。更优选地，所述凹槽141中垫有碎铁块141a，所述碎铁块141a用以增加所述钢丝14与支撑组件10外壁之间的摩擦力，防止所述钢丝14转动或滑动。
在该实施例中，所述支撑组件10设置成类橄榄状的支撑组件，其外壁连续平滑曲线结构能够使整体结构受压均匀，增强支撑强度，优化了空间，减少构件重量，最大限度降低材料使用，节约材料，外壁缠绕钢丝14可进一步稳定结构，同时，由于类橄榄状结构，钢丝14缠绕的空间相对减少，钢丝缠绕的摩擦力相应增强，可有效抑制结构失稳，增强联压机的整体力学性能，提高结构刚度，长效保证液压机100的稳定运行，降低材料的使用和生产成本，节约资源。
如图6所示，所述支撑工作台装置20包括单面式支撑工作台组件21以及活动工作台22，所述活动工作台22设于所述主油缸装置30上，所述活动工作台22与所述单面式支撑工作台组件21之间形成压合机构201，即形成压合空间用以容置工件，从而所述主油缸装置30驱动所述活动工作台22进行压合。
进一步地，所述单面式支撑工作台组件21的数量为两个，两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21相向设置，并分别安装于所述两个支撑台12上，两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21之间设有，并分别与所述主油缸装置30之间形成所述压合机构201，需要说明的是，两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21为同一种材质，同一种工艺制作以保证该两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21能够承受相同压力。
在另一实施例中，两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21安装于所述橄榄形支撑组件10的长轴的两端，所述主油缸装置30设于所述橄榄形支撑组件10的长轴的中点位置，且分被与所述主油缸装置30之间形成所述压合机构201。
具体地，所述单面式支撑工作台组件21包括底座211以及用以支撑工件的固定工作台212，所述底座211设于所述支撑台12的侧面，所述固定工作台212固定于所述底座211上，所述活动工作台22与所述固定工作台212之间形成所述压合机构201。
所述活动工作台22大致呈圆形，所述活动工作台上开设有“T”型槽221，所述“T”型槽221用以固定模具，所述活动工作台22上还设有中心孔顶出装置222，所述中心孔顶出装置222用以顶出工件用，优选地，所述中心孔顶出装置222大致设于所述活动工作台22的中心处。
在另一实施例中，如图7及图8所示，所述支撑工作台装置20还包括两面式支撑工作台组件23，所述两面式支撑工作台组件23固定于所述基板11上，所述两面式支撑工作台组件23设于两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21之间，所述两面式支撑工作台组件23与单面式支撑工作台组件21之间设有所述主油缸装置30，所述主油缸装置30与所述单面式支撑工作台组件21以及所述两面式支撑工作台组件23之间分别形成所述压合机构201。
在本实施例中，所述两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21、两个所述主油缸装置30以及所述两面式支撑工作台组件23呈“一”字型排列，并共同形成4个所述压合机构201，同时能为4个工件提供压合工艺。
所述两面式支撑工作台组件23的结构与所述单面式支撑工作台组件21的结构基本相同，其不同之处在于，所述两面式支撑工作台组件23包括两个所述固定工作台212，两个所述固定工作台212相背地安装于所述底座211上，形成两侧均能支撑工件的工作平台。优选地，两个所述固定工作台212同轴设置。
所述固定工作台212大致呈圆形，所述固定工作台212与所述活动工作台22之间相向设置，所述固定工作台212上也开设有所述“T”型槽221，同时，所述固定工作台212也设有所述中心孔顶出装置222，所述中心孔顶出装置222大致设于所述固定工作台212的中心处。
进一步地，所述支撑工作台装置20上还设有吸附装置(图未示)，所述吸附装置(图未示)能够将工件稳固在固定工作台212与所述活动工作台22之间，从而无需人工固定，有利于操作和安全生产。
如图9至图12所示，所述主油缸装置30作为动力输出装置，用以驱动所述活动工作台22向所述固定工作台212靠近，以对工件进行压合。优选地，所述主油缸装置30位于两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件21之间连线的中点位置。
进一步地，所述主油缸装置30包括安装于所述安装座13上的主油缸组件31以及与所述主油缸组件31相连的活塞杆32，所述活动工作台22安装于所述活塞杆32上。所述活塞杆32的数量至少为两个或两组，所述活塞杆32与所述主油缸组件31之间形成液压腔(图未示)，两个或两组所述活塞杆32互为反向设置且运动方向位于同一直线上，工作时，所述液压腔的空间变化使得两个或两组所述活塞杆32互相靠近或互相远离运动。
在这里，需要解释的是，两个或两组所述活塞杆32互为反向设置指的是，两个或两组所述活塞杆32其中一端相向设置，其中另一端相背设置，从而在工作过程中，以两个或两组所述活塞杆32其中一端为例，在运动的过程中，两个或两组所述活塞杆32其中一端之间互相靠近或互相远离运动。
实施例1
所述主油缸组件31包括主油缸31a，所述主油缸31a的数量为1个，所述主油缸31a与两个或两组互为反向设置的活塞杆32连接。应当可以理解的是，在本实施例中，两个或两组互为反向设置的所述活塞杆32是与一个主油缸31a连接，从而构成一个整体。
所述主油缸31a包括油缸套311、第一盖体312以及第二盖体313，所述油缸套311具有相对的两端，所述第一盖体312以及第二盖体313分别设于所述油缸套311的两端。
优选地，所述主油缸31a大致呈圆筒状，所述油缸套311具有轴线，所述油缸套311上开设有沿轴线方向贯穿所述油缸套311的第一通孔311a。所述活塞杆32的一端设于所述第一通孔311a内，另一端从所述第一通孔311a伸出。
进一步地，所述第一盖体312以及第二盖体313设于所述油缸套311的两端并将所述第一通孔311a封堵，所述第一盖体312以及第二盖体313均呈圆形，并与所述主油缸31a相匹配，所述第一盖体312和/或所述第二盖体313上开设有第二通孔312a，两个或两组所述活塞杆32中的一个或一组活塞杆32的一端设于所述油缸套311内，另一端伸出所述第一通孔311a并所述第一盖体312上的第二通孔312a穿出后与所述活动工作台22连接，两个或两组所述活塞杆32中的另一个或另一组活塞杆32的一端设于所述油缸套312内，另一端伸出所述第一通孔311a并从所述第二盖体313上的第二通孔312a穿出后与所述活动工作台22连接。
优选地，所述主油缸31a还包括固定件314，所述固定件314用以于所述安装座13配合，以将主油缸31a固定在所述安装座13上。
当然，所述主油缸31a的数量可以有多个，每个所述主油缸31a与两个或两组所述活塞杆32连接，从而形成能够同时对多个工件进行压合。
实施例2
实施例2与实施例1的结构以及原理基本相同，其不同之处在于，所述主油缸组件31包括主油缸31a，所述主油缸31a的数量为2个，2个所述主油缸31a相背设置并固定连接形成连体结构，2个所述主油缸31a同轴设置，两个或者两组所述活塞杆32中的一个或一组活塞杆32与其中一个主油缸31a连接，两个或者两组所述活塞杆32中的另一个或另一组活塞杆32与另一个主油缸31a连接。在本实施例中，应该可以理解的是，2个所述主油缸31a内的一个或一组活塞杆32共同构成了两个或两组所述活塞杆32，两个或两组所述活塞杆32的运动方向位于同一直线上且相反。
在本实施例中，所述第一盖体312上开设有所述第二通孔312a，其中一个或一组活塞杆的一端设于其中一个主油缸31a内，另一端穿设于所述第一盖体312上的所述第二通孔312a并与所述活动工作台22连接。
在本实施例中，所述主油缸31a的数量为偶数个，两个所述主油缸31a构成一组，每个所述主油缸31a连接有一个或一组所述活塞杆32。
所述活塞杆32至少包括两个或两组，两个或两组所述活塞杆32互为反向设置且运动方向位于同一直线上，所述活塞杆32与所述主油缸31a内第一通孔311a内壁之间形成液压腔(图未示)，工作时，所述液压腔的空间变化使得两个或两组所述的活塞杆32互相靠近或互相远离，以带动所述活动工作台22靠近或者远离所述固定工作台212，从而实现对工件的压合。
所述活塞杆32上设有密封件321，所述密封件321用以将所述活塞杆32与所述第一通孔311a内壁之间密封连接。在本实施例中，所述密封件321为橡胶密封圈。
进一步地，如图13及图14所示，所述液压机100还包括框架结构40，所述支撑组件10固定于所述框架结构40上，所述框架结构40具有相对设置的两端以及两侧，所述框架结构40的两端夹设于所述框架结构40的两侧之间。所述框架结构40的外壁上缠绕有钢丝件41，所述框架结构40上设有连接件42，所述连接件42上连接有座体421，所述座体421通过螺栓等结构连接于所述连接件42上。
优选地，所述座体421设置的位置决定于所述液压机100为立式液压机或卧式液压机。在本实施例中，当所述座体421设于所述框架结构41两侧时，所述液压机100为卧式液压机；当所述座体421设于所述框架结构41两端时，所述液压机100为立式液压机。
下面阐述所述液压机100的工作过程：
首先将待压工件放于所述主油缸装置30与所述单面式支撑工作台组件21之间，即所述活动工作台22与所述固定工作台212之间，然后启动所述主油缸装置30，所述活塞杆32带动所述活动工作台22向所述固定工作台212逐渐靠近，以对所述待压工件进行压合。
在这里，可以看出，本申请采用两个或两组互为反向设置且运动方向位于同一直线上的活塞杆32，在压合的工作过程中，两个或两组所述活塞杆相反运动，既能有效地保持所述活塞杆32压力的均衡，也可以互相抵消所述活塞杆32的反作用力；此外，采用同一主油缸装置30以及两个相同的单面式支撑工作台组件21对所述待压工件进行压合，从而在所述油缸套31的轴线方向形成一个同轴等压状态，使得多个压合机构内的待压工件在同等大小的压力下进行压合，使得压合后的工件一致性好，并且实现了多台液压机一体的设置，大大提高了生产效率。
如图15至图17所示，本申请还提供一种单柱塞双动油缸500，
所述单柱塞双动油缸500包括柱塞510以及两个油缸530，所述柱塞510包括柱塞座511以及两个柱塞杆512，两个所述柱塞杆512同轴设置，两个所述柱塞杆512分别设于所述柱塞座511两侧，所述油缸530上开设有与所述柱塞杆512配合的盲孔(图未示)，所述柱塞杆512的一端伸入所述盲孔，并与所述盲孔的孔壁之间围成油腔520，所述柱塞杆512上开设有与油腔520连通并能向油腔520注油和/或排油的通孔，在向所述油腔520注油或排油时，两个所述油缸沿柱塞杆512轴向反向运动。
具体地，所述单柱塞双动油缸500，由一个柱塞510和两个油缸530组成，其中柱塞510为固定设置。所述柱塞510包括柱塞座511以及柱塞杆512，可优选，所述柱塞座511和所述柱塞杆512为一体结构，所述柱塞座511两侧分别与两个柱塞杆512一端连接，形成两端是柱塞杆512、中间是柱塞座511的结构。所述柱塞座511与柱塞杆512同轴设置。所述油缸530上开设有盲孔，所述柱塞杆512与盲孔的尺寸相匹配，两个柱塞杆512的另一端分别与两个油缸530之间滑动配合。需要说明的是，所述盲孔的有深度大于柱塞杆512的有效长度，在柱塞杆512全部伸入盲孔中时，仍有一部分盲孔是空腔状态，此空腔即为油腔520。柱塞杆512上开设有一个连接外界与油腔520的通孔，在通过所述通孔向油腔520中注油时，油腔520受压会增大空间，由于柱塞510被固定，油腔520中的液压油会推动油缸530运动，形成两个油缸530分别向远离柱塞杆512的方向移动，油缸530可与压合装置连接，由于通孔的连通，两个油缸530提供给压合装置的压力大小一致；反过来，当通过所述通孔从油腔520排油时，即油腔520的中液压油逐渐减少时，两个油缸530缸会逐渐靠近柱塞座511，油缸530可带动压合装置复位。通过注油或排油，使两个油缸530互为反向移动，从而能提供压合的推动和复位，实现一个柱塞提供两个同等压力的压合动力。
本申请的柱塞510形式可根据需求设定，柱塞杆512的横截面可为圆形、多边形、正多边形，仅需满足柱塞杆512与盲孔的紧密滑动配合即可，柱塞座511的形式多样，不局限于本申请的立体图所示。作为一种优选方案，所述柱塞座511、柱塞杆512均为圆柱形，且柱塞座511的横截面半径大于柱塞杆512的横截面半径。柱塞座511与柱塞杆512均为圆柱状，柱塞杆512由于与油缸530配合，柱塞座511的横截面要大，能够满足油缸530的限位，保证油缸530与柱塞杆512的稳定配合，进一步地，柱塞杆512或油缸530的盲孔内壁设有防止柱塞杆512与油缸脱落的限位装置，保证二者的运动距离和反复运动。
优选地，所述通孔为T字型，由柱塞座511径向外表面向柱塞座511形心延伸，并再从柱塞座511形心分别向柱塞杆512轴向延伸。通孔可以理解为T字型，两个柱塞杆512与柱塞座511同轴设置，也就是柱塞杆512与柱塞座511的横 截面圆心位于同一轴向，因此，通孔的交点可优选设置在柱塞座511的形心。进一步地，所述通孔包括增压孔513、快速冲液孔514，所述快速冲液孔514的孔径大于增压孔513的孔径。增压孔513能够为油腔520提供足够的压力，保证注油的稳定性，快速冲液孔514能够快速排油和注油，在油缸运动初期，由于压力较小，通过孔径大的快速冲液孔514可快速实现油腔520的体积改变，当油缸530逐渐需要施加稳定恒压时，增压孔513的孔径较小，可逐步注油到油腔520，平稳地提高油腔520的高压值，保证油缸530提供足够的、稳定的压力。
本申请所述的油缸530是实现压合的施压部位，为便于安装和连接其它压合结构，所述油缸530包括套体531以及油缸盖板532，所述套体531为管状，所述套体的部分与柱塞杆512配合，套体531一端与柱塞杆512配合，另一端与油缸盖板532密封连接。所述套体531沿轴线方向开设用以与柱塞杆512配合连接孔，所述连接孔相当于油缸530盲孔的作用，只不过套体531是两端开口，另一端需要油缸盖板532的配合封闭，同时可根据实际需求将油缸盖板532与压合机构装置连接，实现压合动力的连接。
由于套体531作为反复移动、反复复位的结构，因此，为保证套体531的稳定性能，所述套体531外壁设有预应力拉紧装置533，或所述套体531外壁设有过盈配合的拉紧装置。通过预应力拉紧装置533将套体531紧固，优选地，所述预应力拉紧装置为预应力缠绕钢丝。预应力缠绕钢丝能够保证套体531的承压，提供套体531强度和耐疲劳性能，有效保障油腔520压力、提高套体531的使用寿命。
油缸盖板532与套体531连接，可选用法兰连接，所述油缸盖板532设有安装螺栓的开孔，所述套体531设有与开孔位置对应的螺孔。通过法兰式连接，可保证连接的稳定性，为提高连接处密封性能，所述油缸盖板532与套体531连接处设有密封圈(图未示)，所述柱塞杆512与套体531滑动配合的端头外壁设有机械密封装置(图未示)。通过密封圈和机械密封的设置，保证油腔520在注油、排油时，不会漏油，进而保证增压稳定性。
本申请通过设置固定式柱塞510和移动的油缸530，实现一个柱塞510两动力结构，柱塞510固定不动、油缸530滑动配合，既能保证液压机构的动力输出，又能提供两个同等压力的动力机构，保证两侧受压均衡，可有效提高液压机构的工作效率，保障施压平衡，同时还有效节省设备制造成本，节约资源。本申请结构合理，构造简洁，实用性强，有利于设备推广应用。
实施例三
本实施例所述的一种单柱塞双动油缸500，包括柱塞510、两个油缸530，两个油缸530分别为第一油缸、第二油缸，柱塞510为固定式的，固定不动。柱塞510为一体结构，由一个柱塞座511和两个柱塞杆512组成，两个柱塞杆512分别为第一柱塞杆512、第二柱塞杆512，柱塞座511和柱塞杆512均为圆柱状，两个柱塞杆512同轴设置在柱塞座511两侧，其中，柱塞座511的横截面面积为柱塞杆512横截面面积的两倍，即柱塞座511横截面半径与柱塞杆512横截面半径之比约为1.4∶1。
两个油缸530的结构一致，均包括套体531、油缸盖板532，套体531为管状，管状内壁与柱塞杆512轴向外壁滑动配合，套体531内壁的长度大于柱塞杆512的有效长度，套体531一端与柱塞杆512配合，另一端与油缸盖板532密封连接，柱塞杆512伸入套体531管孔内，柱塞杆512端部与油缸盖板532之间留有油腔520。
其中，柱塞杆511上开设有T形通孔，由柱塞座511径向外表面向柱塞座511形心延伸，并再从柱塞座511形心分别向柱塞杆512轴向延伸。通孔包括两个增压孔513、一个快速冲液孔514，快速冲液孔514设置在柱塞杆512轴向中心，两个增压孔513分别位于快速冲液孔514两侧，通孔能将油腔520与外界连通，两个柱塞杆512与两个套体531配合，形成两个油腔520，通孔的连通，两个油腔520是均压油腔520，保证两个油缸推力相同。
套体531外壁设有预应力缠绕钢丝，保证套体531的抗压性能，油缸盖板532设有安装螺栓的开孔，套体531设有与开孔位置对应的螺孔，油缸盖板532与套体531通过法兰连接，油缸盖板532与套体531连接处设有密封圈，柱塞杆512与套体531滑动配合的端头外壁设有机械密封装置。
单柱塞双动油缸500工作原理如下：
当通快速冲液孔514向油腔520中注油时，油腔520空间逐渐增大，由于柱塞510是固定不动的，两个油腔520连通受压均衡，两个油腔520会被推动，形成两个油腔520逐渐远离的反向移动，两个油腔520可提供两个同压动力，当增压到一定值，通过增压孔513逐步注油增压，实现稳步增压；反过来，当通过快速冲液孔514排油时，油腔520空间减小，两个油缸会被拉回，两油缸互相靠近。
如图18及图19所示，本申请还提供一种串联压机600。
所述串联压机600包括动力装置(图未示)，安装于主体框架610上，提供动力源；移动工作台620，与动力装置联动；固定工作台630，固定在主体框架610上；中间连接工作台640，至少为一个，设置在移动工作台620与固定工作台630之间，与主体框架610滑动和/或滚动连接；所述移动工作台620在动力装置的联动下逐渐向固定工作台630靠近，引 起中间连接工作台640滑动和/或滚动，致使移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630形成至少两个串联压合机构。
具体地，主体框架610为支撑结构，用于安装其他部件，动力装置是压机的动力输出，可以为液压机、冲压机、油压机或气动压机，安装在主体框架610上，动力装置与移动工作台620联动，可为移动工作台620提供动力，所述移动工作台620能移动，从而在动力装置提供动力源的情况下，移动工作台620能够移动指定距离或输出指定压力。固定工作台630安装在主体框架610上以提供稳定的支撑。中间连接工作台640设置在移动工作台620和固定工作台630中间，中间工作台与主体框架610滑动和/或滚动连接。
移动工作台620、固定工作台630以及中间连接工作台640依次串联的形式，在动力装置输出动力时，移动工作台620或朝着固定工作台630移动，由于中间连接工作台640设置在中间，当中间连接工作台640受压后会滑动和/或滚动，迫使中间连接工作台640朝着固定工作台630移动，从而使移动工作台620与中间连接工作台640、中间连接工作台640与固定工作台630均形成压合机构，故形成至少两个压合机构。而且由于中间连接工作台640的移动性，使得两个压合机构的受压大小相同。
当中间连接工作台640为两个时，两个中间连接工作台640之间也同样形成压合结构，从而形成三个同压的压合机构。依次类推，当有N个中间连接工作台640时，可形成N+1个同压的压合机构，实现一个动力装置的一次施压，生产多个工件的目的。中间连接工作台640与主体框架610的连接，直接关系到串联压合机构的受压效果，优选地，所述中间连接工作台640通过滑块与主体610框架滑动连接，所述主体框架610设有与滑块配合的滑杆611。通过滑杆611与滑块的配合，更方便快捷的实现中间连接工作台640滑动的目的，结构简单，安装、维修、操作方便。进一步地，所述滑杆611设有限制滑块滑动距离或位置的限位块(图未示)，利用限位块控制每个中间连接工作台640的移动距离，既能保护设备安全，又能为每个压合机构留下一定空间距离，保证工件的安放移动。
工件在加工完后，为使中间连接工作台640能够自动复位，所述中间连接工作台640之间设有弹簧(图未示)，所述中间连接工作台640与固定工作台630之间设有弹簧，所述弹簧安装在滑杆611上，限位块限制弹簧的常态距离，在串联压机600不工作时，形成每个压合机构之间的距离同等，在串联压机600工作进行压合时，弹簧能够被压缩不影响工件压合加工，加工完后，移动工作台620由动力装置拉回原位，中间连接工作台640则由弹簧弹回原位。
工件的加工离不开模具，本申请还包括工位模具，所述工作模具至少包括两组，分别设置在移动工作台620与中间连接工作台640、中间连接工作台640与固定工作台630之间。每组工位模具安装在每一个压合机构上，当有若干个中间连接工作台640时，两两挨着的中间连接工作台640之间也安装一组工位模具。优选地，所述每组工作模具均包括公模具、母模具，公模具安装在压合机构的施压端，母模具安装在压合机构的受压端，如在移动工作台620与中间连接工作台640的压合机构中，公模具安装在移动工作台620上，母模具安装在中间连接工作台640上。在两个挨着的中间连接工作台640的压合机构中，公模具安装在率先移动的中间连接工作台640上，或者说公模具安装在该两个中靠近移动工作台620的中间连接工作台640上，母模具安装在另一个中间连接工作台640上。
主体框架610为整个设备提供支撑，所述主体框架610为围合状缠绕式框架，主体框架610设有安装部件的安装位。主体框架610的围合状缠绕式结构，有效提高设备稳定性。
本申请的串联式受压，为更好的保证受压均衡，所述移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630的形心位于同一轴，所述动力装置为油缸，所述油缸的活塞伸缩轴与移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630的形心轴重合。即在动力装置输出动力的轴线上，移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630的受压也在该轴线上，形成串联受压装置的受压中心同轴，保障每一个压合机构的施压位置同轴重叠，使工件受压均衡。
本申请通过设置串联式压合结构，利用中间连接工作台640的移动性，将移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630串联，形成多个压合机构，提高生产效率，优化生产结构，节约生产成本，节省资源，并且由于中间连接工作台640的移动性，保证了每个压合机构的受压均衡，从而保证生产质量。
实施例四
如图1、图2所示，本实施例所述的一种串联压机600，包括主体框架610、移动工作台620、固定工作台630、中间连接工作台640以及液压缸650，液压缸650、固定工作台630均固定在主体框架610上，液压缸650为动力输出装置，液压缸650与移动工作台620联动，中间连接工作台640设有滑块，主体框架610设有滑杆611，滑块与滑杆611配合，使中间连接工作台640能够滑动。移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630的受压或施压中心同轴。
液压缸650设置在主体框架610顶部，从上至下依次为移动工作台620、中间连接工作台640、固定工作台630，其中移动工作台620的上端面与液压缸650连接，固定工作台630的下端面与主体框架610固定连接，移动工作台620的下端面与第一公模具601连接，中间连接工作台640的上端面与第一母模具602连接，中间连接工作台640的下端面与第二 公模具603连接，固定工作台630的上端面与第二母模具604连接。
滑杆611上设有限位块(图未示)和弹簧(图未示)，弹簧设置在中间连接工作台640与固定工作台630之间的滑杆611上，限位块用于限位滑块和弹簧的移动位置距离。在本申请设备不工作的常态下，弹簧处于伸展状态，由于限位块的限制，滑块位置不动，中间连接工作台640的位置保持不动，此状态下，第一公模具601与第一母模具602之间的距离为L，第二公模具603与第二母模具604之间的距离为D，L与D接近相等或相等，可保证两个压合机构的空隙相同，利于工件的安放。
所述串联压机600工作原理如下：
将两个待加工工件分别放置在第一母模具602、第二母模具604上，启动液压缸650，液压缸650带动移动工作台620向下移动，使得第一公模具601向第一母模具602移动，待第一公模具601与工件接触，工件受压，迫使中间连接工作台640与移动工作台620同步移动，待第二公模具603与第二母模具604之间的工件受压时，移动工作台620和中间连接工作台640的移动速度减慢。液压缸650继续加压，移动工作台620和中间连接工作台640缓慢移动，两个工件会被模具压合，完成工件压合加工。
由于中间连接工作台640的滑动，第一公模具601与第一母模具602的工件受压等于第二公模具603与第二母模具604的工件受压，两个工件被压合时的受压大小相同。本申请可有效提高生产效率，保证产品质量。
如图20至图23所示，本申请还提供一种两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机700。
实施例5
本实施例所述的一种两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机700包括动力组件710、模具组件720、固定平台730以及支撑基面740，动力组件710和固定平台730均安装在支撑基面740上，模具组件720包括动模721、定模722，动模721安装在动力组件710上，定模722安装在固定平台730上，定模722能在与动模721移动方向垂直的方向上移动。
具体地，所述两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机700具有提供冲压动力的动力组件710、用以冲压产品模型的模具组件720、安装模具组件720部分结构的固定平台730以提供整体支撑台面的支撑基面740，模具组件720一般为两部分，在本实施例中，所述模具组件720包括动模721以及定模722，动模721与动力组件710连接，能够在动力组件710的带动下移动，定模722与固定平台730连接，可与动模721匹配形成冲压模具，完成模具的冲压。其中，定模722是可移动的，并且定模722移动方向与动模721的移动方向互相垂直，本实施例中动模721、定模722均为水平移动，二者的移动方向在某一水平面上，当然二者的移动方向不在同一水平面亦可。需要说明的是，这里所说的定模722能够移动，包括定模722单独移动、定模722依附其它部件移动，例如定模722单独在固定平台730上移动，或是定模722固定在固定平台730上，固定平台730移动，只要保证定模722移动后，能够将冲压的模件取出，且冲压设备的其它部件不造成阻碍即可。
使用时，将待加工材料放置在模具上，本实施例是将其放置在定模722上，驱动动力组件710，动模721逐渐靠拢定模722，动模721与定模722匹配吻合，完成模具冲压后，动力组件710远离定模722，动模721与定模722分离，移动定模722，由于定模722的移动是相对动模721的侧向移动，将定模722移动后，可方便取出冲压工件701，此时，只要保证动模721与定模722错位即可，无需将动模721移动出更远的距离，就能完后工件701的冲压成型，可有效减少动模721的移动行程，降低动力消耗，提高工件701加工效率。
实施例6
本实施例所述的一种两头双缸双工位中间滑块式液压机700，包括动力组件710、模具组件720、固定平台730以及支撑基面740，动力组件710和固定平台730均安装在支撑基面740上，动力组件710至少为两组，固定平台730至少为一个，动力组件710与固定平台730同轴或基本同轴设置，模具组件720包括动模721、定模722，动模721安装在动力组件710上，定模722安装在固定平台730上，动模721在动力组件710驱动下逐渐靠拢匹配定模722形成冲压机构，且至少形成两组冲压机构。
具体地，动力组件710至少为两组，固定平台730至少为一个。优选地，动力组件710为两组，固定平台730为一个，两组动力组件710分别设置在固定平台730的两侧，且与固定平台730同轴设置，固定平台730安装在支撑基面740上，模具组件720为两组，其中定模722分别设置在固定平台730两侧，两组模具的动模721和定模722同轴。
动力组件710包括动力油缸711、活塞滑块712，活塞滑块712与动力油缸711驱动连接，动模721安装在活塞滑块712端部。动力油缸711安装在支撑基面740上，活塞滑块712与动力油缸711驱动设置，活塞滑块712一端与动力油缸711连接，另一端连接动模721，在需要动力驱动时，动力油缸711充油，活塞滑块712逐渐远离动力油缸711，带动动模721移动，优选地，支撑基面740设有用于活塞滑块712移动的轨道或滑道，利用轨道的限位性和导向性，保证动模721的移动方向和稳定性能，提高冲压质量。
优选地，动模721为凸模，所述定模722为凹模，固定平台730设有取出凹模中冲压产品的顶出装置。本实施例中，固定平台730设有滑轨732、与滑轨732滑动配合的滑块731，定模722安装在滑块731上，滑块731的滑动方向与动模721移动方向垂直，其中，动模721和滑块731均水平移动，滑轨732的长度至少延伸出模具组件720的周向外边线，以保证凹模移动出后，凹模中的工件701能够取出且冲压设备其它部件不造成阻碍。使用时，水平移出凹模，将两组待加工工件701放置在固定平台730两侧的凹模上，移回凹模，此时两个凹模与两个凸模同轴，驱动动力组件710带动动模721移动，在动模721与定模722冲压完成后，动力组件710带动动模721离开定模722，在动模721与定模722完全分离后，动力组件710停止驱动，滑动滑块731移出凹模，将凹模上冲压完的工件701取下，完成一次冲压，两个工件701加工完成。本实施例可实现一次冲压完成两个工件701的加工，同时减少动模721的移动行程，降低动力消耗，有效提高生产效率。
实施例7
本实施例与上述实施例二的区别在于，本实施例中固定平台730滑动设置在支撑基面740上，固定平台730的滑动方向与动模721移动方向垂直，动模721和固定平台730均水平移动，固定平台730至少能够滑出模具组件720的周向外边线。通过将定模722固定在固定平台730上，让固定平台730移动，同样可以实现申请目的，优选地，固定平台730设有滑动锁紧装置(图未示)，以防止在冲压时定模722出现小幅度移动或晃动，避免由于模具错位出现的冲压误差。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种主油缸装置，其特征在于，包括主油缸组件(31)以及与所述主油缸组件(31)相连的活塞杆(32)，所述活塞杆(32)的数量至少为两个或两组，所述活塞杆(32)与所述主油缸组件(31)之间形成液压腔，两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)互为反向设置且运动方向位于同一直线上，工作时，所述液压腔的空间变化使得两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)互相靠近或互相远离运动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的主油缸装置，其特征在于，所述主油缸组件(31)包括主油缸(31a)，所述主油缸(31a)的数量为1个，每个所述主油缸(31a)与两个或两组互为反向设置的所述活塞杆(32)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的主油缸装置，其特征在于，所述主油缸(31a)包括油缸套(311)、第一盖体(312)以及第二盖体(313)，所述第一盖体(312)以及第二盖体(313)分别设于所述油缸套(311)的两端，所述第一盖体(312)及第二盖体(313)均开设有第二通孔(312a)，两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)中的一个或一组活塞杆(32)的一端设于所述油缸套(311)内，另一端从所述第一盖体(312)上的第二通孔(312a)穿出，两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)中的另一个或另一组活塞杆(32)的一端设于所述油缸套(311)内，另一端从所述第二盖体(313)上的第二通孔(312a)穿出。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的主油缸装置，其特征在于，所述主油缸组件(31)包括主油缸(31a)，所述主油缸(31a)的数量为2个，2个所述主油缸(31a)相背设置且2个所述主油缸(31a)之间固定连接形成连体结构，两个或者两组所述活塞杆(32)中的一个或一组活塞杆(32)与其中一个主油缸(31a)连接，两个或者两组所述活塞杆(32)中的另一个或另一组活塞杆(32)与另一个主油缸(31a)连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的主油缸装置，其特征在于，所述主油缸(31a)包括油缸套(311)、第一盖体(312)及第二盖体(313)，所述第一盖体(312)及第二盖体(313)分别设于所述油缸套(311)两端，所述第一盖体(312)上开设有第二通孔(312a)，所述两个或者两组所述活塞杆(32)远离所述主油缸(31a)的一端分别从所述第一盖体(312)上的第二通孔(312a)穿出。
  6. 一种液压机，其特征在于，包括：
    支撑组件(10)；
    主油缸装置(30)，所述主油缸装置(30)为权利要求1所述的主油缸装置(30)，所述主油缸装置(30)与所述支撑组件(10)之间滑动连接和/或滚动连接；
    支撑工作台装置(20)，包括两个能够承受同等压力的单面式支撑工作台组件(21)以及活动工作台(22)，所述单面式支撑工作台组件(21)与支撑组件(10)连接，所述主油缸装置(30)设于两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件(21)之间，且与所述单面式支撑工作台组件(21)之间间隔设置；
    两个或两组所述活塞杆(32)从所述主油缸装置(30)伸出并与所述活动工作台(22)连接，所述活动工作台(22)与所述单面式支撑工作台组件(21)形成压合机构(201)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的液压机，其特征在于，所述支撑工作台装置(20)还包括至少一个两面式支撑工作台组件(23)，所述两面式支撑工作台组件(23)包括两个反向且同轴设置固定工作台(212)，两个所述固定工作台(212)之间固定连接，所述两面式支撑工作台组件(23)设于两个所述单面式支撑工作台组件(21)之间。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的液压机，其特征在于，所述单面式支撑工作台组件(21)与所述两面式支撑工作台组件(23)之间设有一个所述主油缸装置(30)。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的液压机，其特征在于，所述固定工作台(212)及所述活动工作台(22)上都设有中心孔顶出装置(222)；所述固定工作台(212)及所述活动工作台(22)上均开设有“T”型槽(221)。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的液压机，其特征在于，所述支撑组件(10)设有滑轨，所述主油缸装置(30)通过滑轨与所述支撑组件(10)滑动连接，所述滑轨的滑动方向与所述主油缸装置(30)的活塞杆(32)运动方向为同一轴向。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的液压机，其特征在于，所述液压机为立式液压机或者卧式液压机。
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