WO2018198720A1 - フィルム - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- WO2018198720A1 WO2018198720A1 PCT/JP2018/014694 JP2018014694W WO2018198720A1 WO 2018198720 A1 WO2018198720 A1 WO 2018198720A1 JP 2018014694 W JP2018014694 W JP 2018014694W WO 2018198720 A1 WO2018198720 A1 WO 2018198720A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- film
- layer
- less
- surface roughness
- roughness sra
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/022—Mechanical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/14—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a particulate layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
- B32B7/023—Optical properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41M—PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING
- B41M5/00—Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein
- B41M5/50—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording
- B41M5/502—Recording sheets characterised by the coating used to improve ink, dye or pigment receptivity, e.g. for ink-jet or thermal dye transfer recording characterised by structural details, e.g. multilayer materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/406—Bright, glossy, shiny surface
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/538—Roughness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/75—Printability
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a film.
- a circuit is provided on the surface of an insulating substrate (polyimide resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, etc.), and then a cover lay which is a heat resistant resin film having an adhesive layer for the purpose of insulation and circuit protection. Is formed by press lamination through a release film. At this time, the release film is required to have release properties from the printed wiring board material and the press plate, shape followability, uniform formability, transferability of matte appearance, and the like. Further, there is an increasing need for matte films as a base material on which functional layers such as an insulating layer, a hard coat layer, and an electromagnetic wave shielding layer are transferred onto a circuit board surface by a heat press.
- processed products such as a sand matte film, a chemical matte film, and a coating matte film are generally used as the matte film.
- the processed product has a problem of cost increase and quality due to an increase in processes, and improvement has been desired.
- superiority is recognized in a particle-kneaded film produced by a method of extruding a large amount of particles together with a resin, but the particle-kneaded film achieves a high level of low gloss appearance that has recently been required. Is difficult.
- the said particle kneaded film has low light transmittance, when photocuring resin is applied as a functional layer to laminate
- a polyester film containing inorganic particles or organic particles at a high concentration has been proposed as a mat-like transfer substrate used conventionally (for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Further, as a film having a high matte appearance, a film in which a resin layer is provided on the surface by coating has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 3).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 are not designed to ensure transparency, and the variation in surface roughness is not sufficiently reduced. Therefore, when a photocurable resin is applied as a functional layer In addition, there is a problem that the low gloss surface cannot be uniformly transferred.
- the film described in Patent Document 3 has a very low gloss and excellent appearance, but when used for transfer applications, the drop of coarse particles causes problems such as deterioration in the quality of the transfer surface and particle adhesion. There was a case.
- the release layer is provided by coating, the laminated release layer fills the recesses on the film surface, increasing the glossiness, so that the desired matte appearance can be obtained without reducing the glossiness after transfer. There were no challenges.
- the object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a film having good processing process suitability that is less likely to cause problems such as particle dropout and slippage.
- the present invention has the following configuration.
- the surface roughness SRa of at least one surface is 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less, the variation of the surface roughness SRa in the range of 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm is 10% or less, and the parallel line transmittance ST320 of 320 nm is 30% or more.
- a film. (2) The film according to (1), wherein the maximum peak height (SRp) and the maximum valley depth (SRv) of the surface having the surface roughness SRa of 100 nm to 3000 nm satisfy the following formula (II).
- the surface roughness SRa of at least one surface is 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less, the variation of the surface roughness SRa in the range of 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm is 10% or less, and the parallel line transmittance of 320 nm.
- a film in which ST320 is 30% or more can be mentioned.
- Resin used in the film of the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyimide, polymethylpentene, polychlorinated Vinyl, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyether ether ketone, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, fluororesin, polyetherimide, polyphenylene sulfide, polyurethane, cyclic olefin resin, and the like can be used.
- polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polyarylate, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyamide, polyimide, polymethylpentene, polychlorinated Vinyl, polystyrene, polymethyl me
- polyester a main component from a viewpoint of the handleability of a film, dimensional stability, and economical efficiency at the time of manufacture.
- “having polyester as the main component” means that 50% by mass or more of the resin constituting the film is polyester.
- the film of this invention is a laminated
- polyester is a general term for polymers in which main bonds in the main chain are ester bonds, and can usually be obtained by polycondensation reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component and a glycol component.
- dicarboxylic acid component used here examples include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfonedicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, and 5-sodiumsulfonedicarboxylic acid.
- oxycarboxylic acid can be exemplified.
- dicarboxylic acid ester derivative components esterified products of the above dicarboxylic acid compounds, such as dimethyl terephthalate, diethyl terephthalate, 2-hydroxyethyl methyl terephthalate, dimethyl 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, dimethyl isophthalate, adipic acid
- the components include dimethyl, diethyl maleate, and dimethyl dimer.
- the ratio of terephthalic acid and / or naphthalenedicarboxylic acid in the total dicarboxylic acid component is preferably 95 mol% or more, more preferably 98 mol% or more. From the viewpoint of productivity and productivity.
- the glycol component includes ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, and 1,6-hexane.
- Diols aliphatic dihydroxy compounds such as 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyoxyalkylene glycols such as polytetramethylene glycol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, spiroglycol
- Each component includes aromatic dihydroxy compounds such as alicyclic dihydroxy compounds such as bisphenol A and bisphenol S.
- ethylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol are preferably used from the viewpoint of moldability and handleability.
- the proportion of ethylene glycol in all diol components is 65 mol% or more. Two or more of these dicarboxylic acid components and glycol components may be used in combination.
- the film of the present invention needs to have a surface roughness SRa of at least one surface of 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less from the viewpoint of matte appearance transferability.
- a surface roughness SRa is less than 100 nm, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient matte tone transfer property, and when it is attempted to make the surface roughness larger than 3000 nm, the strength of the film is lowered.
- the surface roughness SRa on at least one side is more preferably 200 nm or more and 2000 nm or more, and most preferably 300 nm or more and 2000 nm or less.
- the method for setting the surface roughness SRa of at least one surface to 100 nm or less is not particularly limited. Examples thereof include a method of containing particles in a high concentration in the film and a method of transferring the shape to the film surface as in embossing.
- the surface roughness SRa of at least one surface is within the above range by the method of incorporating particles in the film at a high concentration, from the viewpoint of achieving both film strength and surface roughness, the base material layer and the particle high concentration content layer ( It is preferable that the particles contained in the A layer have an average particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, and the content thereof is 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass with respect to 100% by mass as a whole.
- the content of particles contained in the A layer is more preferably 3% by mass or more and 35% by mass or less, and most preferably 5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
- the particles contained in the layer A are more preferably an average particle size of 2 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 3 ⁇ m or more and 9 ⁇ m or less, and most preferably 4 ⁇ m or more and 8 ⁇ m or less.
- Both the inorganic particles and the organic particles can be applied to the particles used in the high concentration content (A layer) of the present invention. It is also possible to use inorganic particles and organic particles in combination.
- the inorganic particles and organic particles to be used are not particularly limited.
- silica, aluminum silicate, alumina silicate, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, aluminum oxide, mica, clay, talc and the like can be used as the inorganic particles.
- organic particles particles containing styrene, silicone, acrylic acids, methacrylic acids, polyesters, divinyl compounds and the like as constituent components can be used.
- wet and dry silica, colloidal silica, aluminum silicate and the like are preferably used.
- organic particles particles containing styrene, silicone, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, polyester, divinylbenzene and the like as constituent components are preferably used. From the viewpoint of mat appearance and economy, silica, aluminum silicate, and alumina silicate are particularly preferably used. These particles may be used in combination of two or more.
- the film of the present invention needs to have a surface roughness SRa variation of 10% or less in a 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm range with respect to a surface having a surface roughness SRa of 100 nm to 3000 nm.
- the variation of the surface roughness SRa in the present invention is obtained by dividing the sample into 5 cm in the length direction and 4 in the width direction for the sample obtained by cutting the film into a size of 20 cm length ⁇ 14 cm width at any position.
- the surface roughness SRa of 20 samples cut out to a size of 4.0 cm ⁇ width 3.5 cm is calculated by the method described later. If the variation in the surface roughness SRa is larger than 10%, the mat-tone transferability varies, resulting in a poor product appearance.
- the variation in the surface roughness SRa is more preferably 8% or less, and most preferably 6% or less.
- the surface roughness SRa having a certain variation or more has excellent peelability.
- the variation in the surface roughness SRa is preferably 0.1% or more, more preferably 0.5% or more, and further preferably 1% or more.
- the method of setting the variation of the surface roughness SRa in the 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm range of the surface having the surface roughness SRa of 100 nm to 3000 nm in the above range is not particularly limited.
- a layered film having a high-concentration particle-containing layer (A layer), and the layer thickness TA ( ⁇ m) of the A layer and the average particle diameter DA ( ⁇ m) of the particles contained in the A layer satisfy the following formula (I) Is preferably used. 0.8 ⁇ DA / TA ⁇ 10.0 (I)
- the surface roughness SRa can be more uniformly controlled on the surface to some extent, and the variation of the surface roughness SRa can be easily controlled within the above range.
- the film of the present invention is a laminated film having a base material layer and a particle high concentration content layer (A layer)
- the A layer may be disposed only on one surface of the base material layer, and is disposed on both surfaces. It does not matter.
- the functional layer (the surface roughness SRa of the film of the present invention is 100 nm to 3000 nm on the film surface having a surface roughness SRa of the film of the present invention of 100 nm to 3000 nm).
- a transfer material layer for transferring the shape of a certain film surface is provided.
- a photocurable resin is preferably used as the functional layer.
- the film of the present invention needs to have a parallel line transmittance ST320 of 320 nm of 30% or more. When ST320 is less than 30%, the curability of the photocurable resin becomes insufficient, and the property of transferring the mat appearance is deteriorated.
- ST320 is more preferably 45% or more, and most preferably 60% or more. From the viewpoint of handleability of the film, ST320 is preferably 95% or less.
- the transmittance (i) transmittance considering reflection and scattering (total light transmittance measured by collecting transmitted light with an integrating sphere), and (ii) transmission not considering reflection and scattering. Rate (parallel line transmittance for measuring transmittance with parallel rays).
- the variation of ST320 is 10% or less in the range of 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm in order to suppress the variation in matte transferability.
- the variation of ST320 is 10% or less, the curability of the resin when the photocurable resin is applied becomes uniform, and the variation in matte tone transferability can be suppressed.
- the ST320 variation is similar to the above-described evaluation of the variation of the surface roughness SRa. For the sample obtained by cutting the film into a size of 20 cm long ⁇ 14 cm wide at an arbitrary position, it is divided into 5 equal parts in the length direction and in the width direction.
- the sample is divided into four equal parts, cut into a size of 4.0 cm in length and 3.5 cm in width, and each is calculated from the parallel line transmittance ST320 of 320 nm of the sample.
- the ST320 variation in the 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm film range is preferably 8% or less, and most preferably 6% or less.
- the peelability is better when the ST320 has a certain variation or more.
- ST320 variation is preferably 0.5% or more, and more preferably 1% or more.
- the film of the present invention preferably has a film haze of 70% or less.
- a film haze of 70% or less is preferable because the defect inspection property is greatly improved in the structure of the laminate laminated on the material to be transferred.
- a laminated film having a base material layer and a high particle concentration layer (A layer) is used, and the high particle concentration layer (A layer).
- the particle concentration in the base material layer is less than 1% by mass relative to the whole base material layer.
- the particle concentration in the base material layer is preferably less than 0.5% by mass relative to the whole base material layer.
- both the base material layer and the high particle concentration layer (A layer) are made of polyester and used as a biaxially stretched polyester film, generation of voids during stretching of the high particle concentration layer (A layer) described later is suppressed. Therefore, a method of increasing the stretchability of the high-concentration particle content layer (A layer), a method of reducing voids by performing high-temperature treatment in the heat treatment step after stretching described later, and the like are preferably used.
- the particle high-concentration content layer (A layer) contains a copolymerized polyethylene terephthalate resin, a polypropylene terephthalate resin and / or a copolymer thereof, a polybutylene terephthalate resin and / or a copolymer thereof in order to enhance stretchability. It is preferable.
- the method for controlling the variation of ST320 includes adjusting the stretching conditions in the film stretching step.
- the biaxially stretched polyester film is used as the film of the present invention, it is preferable that at least one of the stretching process in the longitudinal direction and the stretching process in the width direction is performed in two or more stages. Even in the case of simultaneous biaxial stretching in the longitudinal direction and the width direction, it is preferable to perform step stretching in two or more stages.
- two or more step stretching means that two or more stretching sections are provided and different stretching conditions are adopted in the two sections.
- the extending section is preferably 2 sections or more and 3 sections or less.
- the film of the present invention in order to make the film haze 70% or less, a method of controlling the amount of particles contained in the film can be mentioned.
- the film of the present invention is a laminated film having a base material layer and a particle high concentration content layer (A layer), the particle content in the base material layer is less than 3% by mass relative to the whole base material layer. It is preferable.
- the film of the present invention has a maximum peak height (SRp) and a maximum valley depth (SRv) of a surface having a surface roughness SRa of 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less, from the viewpoint of matte tone transferability and film peelability after transfer. It is preferable to satisfy the following formula (II). 1 ⁇ SRp / SRv ⁇ 3 (II) When the maximum peak height (SRp) and maximum valley depth (SRv) on the surface satisfy the formula (II), the transfer peeling from the functional layer is possible while having a ridge shape sufficient to transfer the matte tone. It becomes possible to control the property satisfactorily.
- the maximum peak height (SRp) and the maximum valley depth (SRv) of the surface more preferably satisfy the following formula (II) ′, and most preferably satisfy the formula (II) ′′.
- the method for the maximum peak height (SRp) and the maximum valley depth (SRv) of the surface to satisfy the formula (II) is not particularly limited.
- the film of the present invention is a laminated film having a base material layer and a high-concentration particle content layer (A layer)
- the surface of the film is reduced by a method of reducing the particle diameter of particles contained in the A layer and increasing the particle concentration.
- a method for controlling the shape of the film is preferably used.
- the average particle diameter of the particles contained in the A layer is preferably less than 2.5 ⁇ m, and the content is preferably 3% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less with the entire A layer being 100% by mass.
- the average particle size of the particles contained in the A layer is more preferably less than 2.3 ⁇ m.
- the particle content of the A layer is more preferably 5% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less.
- the film of the present invention has a center area ratio (SSr) of the surface having a surface roughness SRa of 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less satisfying the following formula (III) from the viewpoint of improving transfer peelability from the functional layer. It is preferable.
- the center area ratio (SSr) is obtained by a measurement method described later, and is an index representing the ratio of the convex reference area in the center plane. When the value is large, it indicates that the protrusions of the protrusions existing on the film surface have a gentle shape, and when the value is small, it indicates that the protrusions existing on the film surface are steep.
- the center area ratio (SSr) of the surface satisfies the formula (III), it is possible to satisfactorily control the transfer peelability from the functional layer while transferring the matte tone to the surface uneven shape.
- the surface area ratio (SSr) of the surface more preferably satisfies the formula (III) ′, and most preferably satisfies the formula (III) ′′.
- the method for satisfying the formula (III) for the center area ratio (SSr) of the surface is not particularly limited.
- the film of the present invention is a laminated film having a base material layer and a high particle concentration layer (A layer)
- the particle size of the particles contained in the A layer is reduced and the particle concentration is increased while the A layer is increased.
- a method of making the thickness of the film constant or less is preferably used.
- the average particle diameter of the particles contained in the A layer is less than 2.5 ⁇ m, the content is 3% by mass to 40% by mass with the entire A layer being 100% by mass, and the lamination thickness of the A layer is less than 3 ⁇ m.
- the ratio of the average particle diameter of the particles contained in the A layer to the layer thickness of the A layer is preferably 0.8 or more and 10 or less, and 1.1 or more and 10 or less. Is more preferable, and 1.3 to 6 is most preferable.
- the thickness change before and after the heat treatment it is preferable to control the thickness change before and after the heat treatment at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to 0.1% or more and 10% or less.
- a functional layer the surface roughness SRa of the film of the present invention is 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less on the film surface where the surface roughness SRa of the film of the present invention is 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less. (Transferable material layer for transferring the shape of a certain film surface) is provided, but a thermal load is applied during the functional layer coating drying when the functional layer is provided.
- the film bites into the functional layer when the functional layer is coated and dried. Becomes smaller, and transfer releasability can be controlled even better.
- the thickness change before and after heat treatment at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes is more preferably 8% or less, and further preferably 6% or less.
- the present inventors diligently studied when the film of the present invention is used as a transfer film, it is more preferable to have a dimensional change in the thickness direction of the film when a thermal load is applied more than a certain value. Revealed that it was excellent.
- the thickness change before and after the heat treatment at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes is preferably 0.5% or more, more preferably 1% or more.
- the surface free energy of the surface having a surface roughness SRa of 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less is preferably 44 mN / m or less from the viewpoint of transferability.
- the surface free energy on the A layer side is more preferably 42 mN / m or less, and most preferably 15 mN / m or more and 40 mN / m or less.
- the method for bringing the surface free energy of the surface having the surface roughness SRa of the film of the present invention of 100 nm to 3000 nm into the aforementioned range is not particularly limited, but is a release agent such as a silicone compound, a wax compound, or a fluorine compound. And the like, and a method of applying a release coating.
- the film of the present invention is a laminated film having a base material layer and a high particle concentration layer (A layer)
- the release agent may be added to the high particle concentration layer (A layer) or ( A layer)
- a method of applying a release coating to the surface is preferred.
- the thickness of the release coat layer is preferably 0.01 ⁇ m or more and 3 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more and 2 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 0.03 ⁇ m or more and 1.5 ⁇ m or less.
- Melamine resins that can be used in the present invention include melamine formaldehyde resins, methylated melamine formaldehyde resins, butylated melamine formaldehyde resins, etherified melamine formaldehyde resins, epoxy-modified melamine formaldehyde resins, melamine formaldehyde resins, urea melamine resins, acrylic resins, etc.
- a melamine resin etc. are mentioned. Among them, a melamine formaldehyde resin is preferable, and a methylated melamine formaldehyde resin is particularly preferably used because it has an appropriate release property.
- the mold release layer in this invention contains binder resin other than binder resin and a mold release agent from a viewpoint of film forming property and extending
- a polyester resin, an acrylic resin, and a urethane resin are preferably used, and an acrylic resin is particularly preferably used.
- the acrylic resin include a homopolymer or copolymer of (meth) acrylic acid alkyl ester, a (meth) acrylic acid ester copolymer having a curable functional group at the side chain and / or main chain terminal,
- the curable functional group include a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, an epoxy group, and an amino group.
- an acrylic monomer copolymer obtained by copolymerizing an acrylic monomer and an acrylic ester having a curable functional group at the side chain and / or main chain terminal is preferable.
- a mold release agent contained in the mold release layer of this invention a fluorine compound, a long-chain alkyl compound, a wax compound etc. are mentioned, for example. These release agents may be used alone or in combination.
- the fluorine compound that can be used in the present invention is a compound containing a fluorine atom in the compound.
- examples thereof include perfluoroalkyl group-containing compounds, polymers of fluorine-containing olefin compounds, and aromatic fluorine compounds such as fluorobenzene.
- the fluorine compound is preferably a polymer compound.
- the long-chain alkyl compound is a compound having a linear or branched alkyl group having 6 or more carbon atoms, particularly preferably 8 or more.
- Specific examples include, but are not limited to, long-chain alkyl group-containing polyvinyl resins, long-chain alkyl group-containing acrylic resins, long-chain alkyl group-containing polyester resins, long-chain alkyl group-containing amine compounds, long-chain alkyl groups. Examples thereof include a containing ether compound and a long-chain alkyl group-containing quaternary ammonium salt. It is preferable that the long-chain alkyl compound is a polymer compound because the component derived from the release layer on the surface of the counterpart substrate that is bonded when the release film is peeled can be suppressed.
- the wax compound that can be used in the present invention is a wax selected from natural waxes, synthetic waxes, and blended waxes.
- Natural waxes are plant waxes, animal waxes, mineral waxes, and petroleum waxes. Examples of plant waxes include candelilla wax, carnauba wax, rice wax, wood wax, and jojoba oil. Animal waxes include beeswax, lanolin, and whale wax. Examples of the mineral wax include montan wax, ozokerite, and ceresin. Examples of petroleum wax include paraffin wax, microcrystalline wax, and petrolatum.
- Synthetic waxes include synthetic hydrocarbons, modified waxes, hydrogenated waxes, fatty acids, acid amides, amines, imides, esters, and ketones.
- synthetic hydrocarbons Fischer-Tropsch wax (also known as Sazoir wax) and polyethylene wax are well known, but in addition to these, low molecular weight polymers (specifically, polymers having a viscosity average molecular weight of 500 to 20000) are used. The following polymers are also included. That is, there are polypropylene, ethylene / acrylic acid copolymer, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol block or graft conjugate.
- modified wax examples include montan wax derivatives, paraffin wax derivatives, and microcrystalline wax derivatives.
- the derivative herein is a compound obtained by any of purification, oxidation, esterification, saponification treatment, or a combination thereof.
- Hydrogenated waxes include hardened castor oil and hardened castor oil derivatives.
- the adhesion and release force with the release layer that is laminated and peeled on the release layer can be within an appropriate range.
- the mold release agent a long-chain alkyl compound is preferably used for the purpose of the present invention because the peel force can be adjusted over a wide range.
- polyester resin is used for the base material layer and the particle high concentration content layer (A layer) of the film of the present invention
- each is supplied to a separate extruder and melt extruded.
- the resin temperature is preferably controlled at 255 ° C. to 295 ° C.
- foreign matter is removed and the amount of extrusion is leveled through a filter and a gear pump, and the sheet is coextruded on a cooling drum from a T die to obtain a laminated sheet.
- an electrostatic application method in which a cooling drum and the resin are brought into close contact with each other by static electricity using an electrode applied with a high voltage
- a casting method in which a water film is provided between the casting drum and the extruded polymer sheet, The sheet-like polymer is brought into close contact with the casting drum by a method of adhering the extruded polymer at a glass transition point to (glass transition point ⁇ 20 ° C.) or a combination of these methods, and then solidified by cooling.
- a method of applying an electrostatic force is preferably used from the viewpoint of productivity and flatness.
- the laminated film of the present invention is preferably a biaxially oriented film from the viewpoint of heat resistance and dimensional stability.
- the biaxially oriented film is obtained by stretching an unstretched film in the longitudinal direction and then stretching in the width direction, or by stretching in the width direction and then stretching in the longitudinal direction, or by the longitudinal direction of the film. It can be obtained by stretching by a simultaneous biaxial stretching method in which the width direction is stretched almost simultaneously.
- the stretching ratio in such a stretching method is preferably 2.8 times to 5 times in the longitudinal direction, more preferably 2.9 times to 4.5 times.
- the stretching speed is preferably 1,000% / min or more and 200,000% / min or less.
- stretching temperature of a longitudinal direction shall be 70 degreeC or more and 90 degrees C or less.
- the draw ratio in the width direction is preferably 2.8 times or more and 5 times or less, and more preferably 3 times or more and 4.5 times or less.
- the stretching speed in the width direction is preferably 1,000% / min or more and 200,000% / min or less.
- multilayer film of this invention shall be 2 steps or more of step extending
- the said draw ratio shows a total draw ratio in each direction.
- the film is heat-treated after biaxial stretching.
- the heat treatment can be performed by any conventionally known method such as in an oven or on a heated roll. This heat treatment is performed at a temperature not lower than 120 ° C. and not higher than the crystal melting peak temperature of the polyester.
- the heat treatment temperature is preferably set to the melting point ⁇ 20 ° C. or higher and the melting point + 10 ° C. or lower of the high particle concentration layer (A layer), and more preferably set to the melting point ⁇ 10 ° C. preferable.
- the heat treatment time can be arbitrarily set as long as the characteristics are not deteriorated, and is preferably 5 seconds to 60 seconds, more preferably 10 seconds to 40 seconds, and most preferably 15 seconds to 30 seconds.
- the surface of the A layer can be coated with a release layer in-line.
- a method of providing the coating layer in-line in the film manufacturing process at least uniaxially stretched film with a coating layer composition dispersed in water is uniformly applied using a metalling ring bar or gravure roll. And the method of drying a coating material, performing extending
- the thickness of the release layer is preferably 0.02 ⁇ m or more and 0.1 ⁇ m or less.
- various additives such as antioxidants, heat stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers, infrared absorbers, pigments, dyes, organic or inorganic particles, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, etc. may be added to the release layer. Good.
- a laminated film having a low gloss layer having a glossiness of 30 or less on at least one surface of the base material layer, and the surface roughness SRa of the low gloss layer surface is 100 nm.
- Examples include a laminated film in which the dispersion of the surface roughness SRa in the 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm range of the film is 3000% or less, and the parallel line transmittance ST320 of 320 nm is 30% or more.
- a low gloss appearance can be transferred when used as a transfer film by having a low gloss layer having a glossiness of 30 or less.
- the glossiness of the low gloss layer is more preferably 25 or less, and further preferably 20 or less.
- the glossiness of the low gloss layer can be controlled by adding particles used in the high particle concentration layer (A), adjusting the surface roughness of the low gloss layer, and the like.
- the low gloss layer is more preferably a high particle concentration layer (A).
- the glossiness in this invention represents the 60 degree specular glossiness calculated
- the film of the present invention has a surface roughness SRa of at least one side of 100 nm to 3000 nm, a small variation in the surface roughness SRa in the range of 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm, and a high parallel line transmittance of 320 nm.
- SRa surface roughness
- transfer and shape fixation with a sufficiently low gloss appearance can be achieved. For this reason, in a circuit formation process, it can use suitably as a transfer film excellent in the transferability of the mat-like appearance.
- Polyester composition Polyester resin and film can be dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP), and the content of each monomer residue component and by-product diethylene glycol can be quantified using 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR. it can.
- HFIP hexafluoroisopropanol
- the components constituting each layer can be collected and evaluated by scraping off each layer of the film according to the laminated thickness.
- the composition was computed by calculation from the mixing ratio at the time of film manufacture.
- the laminated film thickness was measured using a dial gauge thickness meter having a flat tip and a diameter of 4 mm (manufactured by Mitutoyo Corporation). The thickness of 5 points at the center of the film, 4 cm position (2 points) in the length direction from the film center, and 4 cm position (2 points) in the width direction was measured, and the average value was taken as the film thickness.
- Di is the equivalent circle diameter of the particles
- N is the number of particles.
- ⁇ Measuring device 3D fine shape measuring instrument (manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory, ET-4000A type)
- Analysis equipment 3D surface roughness analysis system (TDA-31 type) -Stylus: Tip radius 0.5 ⁇ m R, diameter 2 ⁇ m, made of diamond • Needle pressure: 100 ⁇ N ⁇ Measurement direction: film longitudinal direction and film width direction average after each measurement ⁇ X measurement length: 1.0 mm -X feed speed: 0.1 mm / s (measurement speed) ⁇ Y feed pitch: 5 ⁇ m (measurement interval) -Number of Y lines: 81 (measured number) ⁇ Z magnification: 20 times (vertical magnification) ⁇ Low frequency cut-off: 0.20mm High frequency cut-off: R + Wmm (roughness cut-off value) R + W means not cut off.
- Gaussian space type-Leveling Available (tilt correction) - reference area: 1mm 2. Measurement was performed under the above conditions, and thereafter, the center plane average roughness SRa, maximum peak height SRp, maximum valley depth (SRv), and center area ratio (SSr) were calculated using an analysis system.
- a variation film having a surface roughness SRa in the 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm range of the film is cut into a size of 20 cm ⁇ width (parallel to the width direction) 14 cm in length (parallel to the longitudinal direction) as a sample.
- the sample was further divided into 5 equal parts in the length direction and 4 equal parts in the width direction, and cut into a size of 4.0 cm length ⁇ 3.5 cm width (20 samples in total).
- it computed from each surface roughness SRa similarly to (7), and the variation was calculated
- the thickness change was calculated as follows.
- Thickness change (%) ⁇
- Surface free energy Four types of water, ethylene glycol, formamide and diiodomethane were used as measurement solutions, and the film surface of each liquid was measured using a contact angle meter (CA-D type manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.). The static contact angle with respect to was determined. Each liquid is measured five times, and the average contact angle ( ⁇ ) and the surface tension component of the measurement liquid (j) are substituted into the following equations, respectively, and simultaneous equations consisting of four equations are expressed as ⁇ L , ⁇ + , Solved for ⁇ ⁇ .
- the film was cut into a length of 20 cm and a width of 14 cm.
- the following release layer forming solution is applied to the surface of the film with an SRa of 100 nm to 3000 nm by gravure coating (if the SRa is 100 nm to 3000 nm on both surfaces, the surface roughness (SRa) is small). And dried in an oven at 180 ° C. for 20 seconds. Further, the coating composition for forming a hard coat layer was applied using a slot die coater while controlling the flow rate so that the thickness after drying was 5 ⁇ m, and dried at 100 ° C. for 1 minute to remove the solvent. A laminate in which the coat layer was laminated was obtained.
- the obtained film / release layer / hard coat layer laminate was heated to a temperature of 160 ° C. for both the upper mold temperature and the lower mold temperature.
- 125 MPa polyimide film (Toray DuPont Kapton 500H / V) /laminate/0.125 mm thickness polyimide film (Toray DuPont Kapton 500H / V) /0.2 mm thick aluminum plate The heating press was performed for 1 hour under these conditions.
- the laminate / polyimide film is taken out and irradiated with 300 mJ / cm 2 ultraviolet rays from the laminate side using a high-pressure mercury lamp to cure the hard coat layer to obtain a sample.
- This sample was subjected to a peel test at the interface between the film and the release layer (film / (this interface) / release layer / hard coat layer), and the peelability was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- Coating composition for forming hard coat layer The following materials were mixed and diluted with methyl ethyl ketone to obtain a coating composition for forming a hard coat layer having a solid concentration of 40% by mass.
- C could not be peeled.
- the obtained laminate was laminated on a polyimide film (“Kapton” (registered trademark) 500 H / V manufactured by Toray DuPont) at 70 ° C./0.2 MPa, and 800 mJ / cm 2 of ultraviolet light was applied from the laminate side using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Irradiated. At this time, a half of the sample (length 20 cm ⁇ width 7 cm) was subjected to a photomask (the portion subjected to the photomask was not subjected to UV exposure). The peel strength between the film and the photosensitive polyimide layer was measured for each of the UV exposed portion and the UV unexposed portion, and evaluation was performed according to the following criteria.
- Kapton registered trademark 500 H / V manufactured by Toray DuPont
- the peel strength of the laminate of the film / photosensitive polyimide layer was 15 cm long ⁇ 5 cm wide, forcibly peeled between the film and the photosensitive polyimide layer, and a 180 ° peel test was performed using a tensile tester ( Measurement was performed using a Tensilon UCT-100 manufactured by Orientec Co., Ltd. at 25 ° C. and 50% RH atmosphere at a peeling rate of 300 mm / min. In addition, the average value of the intensity
- the peel strength between the film and the photosensitive polyimide layer was measured for each of the UV-exposed part and the UV-exposed part, and evaluated according to the following criteria.
- C The difference in peel strength between the UV-exposed portion and the UV-exposed portion is 1 N / 50 mm or more.
- D Separation was not possible in at least one of the UV-exposed portion and the UV-exposed portion.
- the haze film was cut into a square shape with a side of 10 cm, and haze measurement was performed using a Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd. haze meter NDH-5000. The measurement was carried out at three locations, and the average value was defined as haze in the present invention.
- the polyester resin used for film formation was prepared as follows.
- Polyethylene terephthalate resin (intrinsic viscosity 0.65) in which the terephthalic component is 100 mol% as the dicarboxylic acid component and the ethylene glycol component is 100 mol% as the glycol component.
- Polyethylene terephthalate resin in which isophthalic acid is copolymerized in an amount of 20 mol% with respect to the dicarboxylic acid component (intrinsic viscosity 0.8).
- Polybutylene terephthalate resin (intrinsic viscosity 1.2) having 100 mol% of terephthalic component as dicarboxylic acid component and 100 mol% of 1,4-butanediol component as glycol component.
- Particle Master E Polyethylene terephthalate particle master (inherent viscosity 0.65) containing polyester A with colloidal silica particles having an average particle diameter of 3 ⁇ m at a particle concentration of 30% by mass.
- Particle Master F Polyethylene terephthalate particle master (inherent viscosity 0.65) containing polyester A with colloidal silica particles having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m at a particle concentration of 30% by mass.
- Particle Master G Polyethylene terephthalate particle master (intrinsic viscosity 0.65) containing polyester silicate alumina particles having an average particle diameter of 3 ⁇ m at a particle concentration of 30% by mass.
- Particle Master H Polyethylene terephthalate particle master (inherent viscosity 0.65) containing polyester silicate alumina particles having an average particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m at a particle concentration of 30% by mass.
- Copolymer emulsion obtained by reaction.
- Particles Obtained by diluting silica particles having a number average particle diameter of 170 nm (“Snowtex” (registered trademark) MP2040 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) with pure water so that the solid content concentration becomes 40% by weight. Water dispersion.
- Example 1 The raw materials are respectively supplied to the extruder so that the composition and lamination ratio are as shown in the table, the extruder cylinder temperature is set to 270 ° C., the short tube temperature is set to 275 ° C., the die temperature is set to 280 ° C., and the resin temperature is 280 ° C. Then, it was discharged in a sheet form onto a cooling drum whose temperature was controlled to 25 ° C. from a T-die. At that time, a wire electrode having a diameter of 0.1 mm was applied electrostatically and adhered to the cooling drum to obtain an unstretched sheet. Next, the film is stretched in the longitudinal direction at a stretching temperature of 85 ° C.
- the film was stretched at a rate of% / min (total stretching ratio: 3.3 times). Thereafter, a corona discharge treatment was applied, and a release coating solution (aqueous dispersion) was applied to the surface of the A layer side using a metal ring bar so that the wet thickness became 13.5 ⁇ m, and then applied to a tenter type horizontal stretching machine. In the width direction, the film is stretched 1.8 times as the first stage at a stretching temperature of 100 ° C. and stretched at a stretching speed of 30,000% / min.
- Example 2 A film having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 3 A film having a film thickness of 16 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 4 A film having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 6 A film having a film thickness of 16 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the stretching condition in the longitudinal direction was 3.3 times stretched at 85 ° C. and the stretching condition in the width direction was stretched 3.6 times at 100 ° C. It was.
- Example 7 A film having a film thickness of 16 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition and the lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table and the release coating solution was not applied after stretching in the longitudinal direction.
- Example 8 A film having a film thickness of 19.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition, configuration, and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table, and the release coating solution was not applied after stretching in the longitudinal direction.
- Example 9 The composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table, and the film was stretched 1.6 times as the first stage at a stretching temperature of 85 ° C. in the longitudinal direction, and 2.4 times stretched as the second stage at a stretching temperature of 88 ° C. (total stretching ratio of 3 And 1.9 times as the first step at a stretching temperature of 100 ° C. in the width direction, and 2.2 times stretching (total stretching ratio of 4.2 times) at the second stage at a stretching temperature of 120 ° C.
- a film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m release coating layer: 0.03 ⁇ m, A layer: 2 ⁇ m, substrate layer: 12.5 ⁇ m
- Example 10 A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 11 A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 12 A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 13 A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 14 A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 15 A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 9 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 16 A film having a film thickness of 9 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 17 In the longitudinal direction, the film is stretched 1.7 times as the first stage at a stretching temperature of 85 ° C., and is stretched 2.4 times (total stretching ratio: 4.1 times) as the second stage at a stretching temperature of 88 ° C., and the stretching temperature is 100 in the width direction. Stretched 1.9 times as the first stage at °C, stretched at the stretching temperature of 120 °C, stretched the second stage 2.2 times (total stretching ratio 4.2 times), and then heat-treated at 252 °C in the tenter. A film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m (release coating layer: 0.03 ⁇ m, A layer: 2 ⁇ m, base material layer: 12.5 ⁇ m) was obtained in the same manner as Example 11 except for the above.
- Example 18 In the longitudinal direction, the film is stretched 1.2 times as the first stage at a stretching temperature of 85 ° C., stretched 1.2 times as the second stage at a stretching temperature of 86 ° C., and 1.6 times as the third stage at a stretching temperature of 87 ° C. It is 1.7 times as the 4th stage at 88 ° C (total draw ratio: 3.9 times), stretched 1.2 times as the 1st stage at 100 ° C in the width direction, and the 2nd stage at 110 ° C.
- Example 11 except that the film was stretched 1.2 times, stretched at a stretching temperature of 115 ° C., stretched at a third stage of 1.6 times, stretched at 120 ° C., stretched at a fourth stage of 1.8 times (total stretch ratio of 4.1 times).
- a film having a film thickness of 14.5 ⁇ m (release coating layer: 0.03 ⁇ m, A layer: 2 ⁇ m, substrate layer: 12.5 ⁇ m) was obtained.
- Example 1 A film having a film thickness of 22.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 8 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 2 A film having a film thickness of 25 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- Example 3 A film having a film thickness of 20.5 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the composition and lamination ratio were changed as shown in the table.
- a film surface having a surface roughness SRa of 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less is described as A surface
- a film surface having a surface roughness SRa of 100 nm or more and 3000 nm or less is described as B surface.
- the surface having a large surface roughness is described as A1 surface
- the surface having a low surface roughness SRa is described as A2 surface.
- the film of the present invention has a surface roughness SRa of at least one side of 100 nm to 3000 nm, a small variation in the surface roughness SRa in the range of 20 cm ⁇ 14 cm, and a high parallel line transmittance of 320 nm.
- SRa surface roughness
- transfer and shape fixation with a sufficiently low gloss appearance can be achieved. For this reason, in a circuit formation process, it can use suitably as a transfer film excellent in the transferability of the mat-like appearance.
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Abstract
Description
(1)少なくとも片面の表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下であり、かつ20cm×14cm範囲における前記表面粗さSRaのバラツキが10%以下であり、320nmの平行線透過率ST320が30%以上であるフィルム。
(2)前記表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下である表面の最大山高さ(SRp)と、最大谷深さ(SRv)が下記(II)式を満たす(1)に記載のフィルム。
(3)前記表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下である表面の中心面積率(SSr)が下記(III)式を満たす(1)または(2)に記載のフィルム。
(4)100℃、10分間の熱処理前後の厚み変化が0.1%以上10%以下である(1)~(3)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(5)基材層と粒子高濃度含有層(A層)を有する積層フィルムであって、前記A層に平均粒子径が1μm以上10μm以下の粒子を、A層全体を100質量%として、1質量%以上40質量%以下含有する(1)~(4)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(6)前記ST320が60%以上である、(1)~(5)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(7)フィルムの20cm×14cm範囲において、前記ST320のバラツキが0.1%以上10%以下である(1)~(6)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(8)フィルムヘイズが70%以下である、(1)~(7)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(9)前記表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下である表面の表面自由エネルギーが44mN/m以下である(1)~(8)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(10)ポリエステルを主成分とする(1)~(9)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(11)転写用途に使用される(1)~(10)のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
(12)基材層の少なくとも一方の表面に、光沢度が30以下である低光沢層を有する積層フィルムであって、低光沢層表面の表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下、かつフィルムの20cm×14cm範囲における表面粗さSRaのバラツキが10%以下であり、320nmの平行線透過率ST320が30%以上である積層フィルム。
0.8≦DA/TA≦10.0・・・(I)
(I)式を満たすことで、より表面粗さSRaを表面にある程度均一に粒子の形状を制御することができ、表面粗さSRaのバラツキを上記の範囲に制御しやすくなる。表面粗さSRaのバラツキと粒子脱落抑制の観点から(I’)式を満たすとより好ましく、(I’’)式を満たすとさらに好ましく、(I’’’)を満たすと最も好ましい。
1.1≦DA/TA≦10.0・・・(I’)
1.2≦DA/TA≦8.0・・・(I’’)
1.3≦DA/TA≦6.0・・・(I’’’)。
1≦SRp/SRv≦3 ・・・(II)
表面の最大山高さ(SRp)と、最大谷深さ(SRv)が(II)式を満たすことで、マット調を転写させるのに十分な山形状を有していながら、機能層からの転写剥離性を良好に制御することが可能となる。表面の最大山高さ(SRp)と、最大谷深さ(SRv)は下記(II)’式を満たすことがより好ましく、(II)’’式を満たすことが最も好ましい。
1.1≦SRp/SRv≦2.9 ・・・(II)’
1.2≦SRp/SRv≦2.8 ・・・(II)’’
表面の最大山高さ(SRp)と、最大谷深さ(SRv)が(II)式を満たすための方法は特に限られるものではない。例えば、本発明のフィルムが基材層と粒子高濃度含有層(A層)を有する積層フィルムである場合、A層に含有する粒子の粒子径を小さくし、粒子濃度を高くする方法によってフィルム表面の形状を制御する方法が好ましく用いられる。A層に含有する粒子の平均粒子径を2.5μm未満とし、その含有量をA層全体を100質量%として、3質量%以上40質量%以下含有することが好ましい。A層に含有する粒子の平均粒子径は2.3μm未満であることがより好ましい。また、A層の粒子含有量は5質量%以上30質量%以下含有であることがより好ましい。
中心面積率(SSr)とは、後述する測定方法により求められるものであり、中心面における凸部基準面積を占める割合を表す指標である。その値が大きいとフィルム表面に存在する突起の凸部が緩やかな形状であることを表し、その値が小さいとフィルム表面に存在する突起が険しい形状であることを表す。表面の中心面積率(SSr)が(III)式を満たすことで、表面凹凸形状を、マット調を転写させつつ、機能層からの転写剥離性を良好に制御することが可能となる。表面の中心面積率(SSr)は(III)’式を満たすことがより好ましく、(III)’’式を満たすことが最も好ましい。
35≦SSr≦55 ・・・(III)’’
表面の中心面積率(SSr)が(III)式を満たすための方法は特に限られるものではない。例えば、本発明のフィルムが基材層と粒子高濃度含有層(A層)を有する積層フィルムである場合、A層に含有する粒子の粒子径を小さくし、粒子濃度を高くしつつ、A層の厚みを一定以下とする方法が好ましく用いられる。A層に含有する粒子の平均粒子径2.5μm未満とし、その含有量をA層全体を100質量%として、3質量%以上40質量%以下とし、かつA層の積層厚みを3μm未満とすることが好ましい。また、A層に含有する粒子の平均粒子径とA層の積層厚みの比(DA(μm)/TA(μm))は、0.8以上10以下であれば好ましく、1.1以上10以下であればより好ましく、1.3以上6以下であれば最も好ましい。
ポリエステル樹脂およびフィルムをヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール(HFIP)に溶解し、1H-NMRおよび13C-NMRを用いて各モノマー残基成分や副生ジエチレングリコールについて含有量を定量することができる。積層フィルムの場合は、積層厚みに応じて、フィルムの各層を削り取ることで、各層単体を構成する成分を採取し、評価することができる。なお、本発明のフィルムについては、フィルム製造時の混合比率から計算により、組成を算出した。
ポリエステル樹脂およびフィルムの固有粘度は、ポリエステルをオルトクロロフェノールに溶解し、オストワルド粘度計を用いて25℃にて測定した。積層フィルムの場合は、積層厚みに応じて、フィルムの各層を削り取ることで、各層単体の固有粘度を評価することができる。
先端が平坦で直径4mmのダイヤルゲージ厚み計((株)ミツトヨ製)を用いて、積層フィルム厚みを測定した。フィルム中心部、フィルム中心部から長さ方向に4cmの位置(2点)、幅方向に4cm位置(2点)の5点の厚みを測定し、その平均値をフィルム厚みとした。
積層フィルムをエポキシ樹脂に包埋し、フィルム断面をミクロトームで切り出した。該断面を透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製TEM H7100)で5000倍の倍率で観察し、各層の厚みを求めた。
積層フィルムから、フィルムを構成する樹脂をプラズマ低温灰化処理法(ヤマト科学製PR-503型)で除去し粒子を露出させる。これを透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製TEM H7100)で観察し、粒子の画像(粒子によってできる光の濃淡)をイメージアナライザー(ケンブリッジインストルメント製QTM900)に結び付け、観察箇所を変えて粒子数5000個以上で次の数値処理を行ない、それによって求めた数平均径Dを平均粒子径とした。
D=ΣDi /N
ここでDi は粒子の円相当径、Nは粒子の個数である。
ポリマー1gを1N-KOHメタノール溶液200mlに投入して加熱還流し、ポリマーを溶解した。溶解が終了した該溶液に200mlの水を加え、ついで該液体を遠心分離器にかけて粒子を沈降させ、上澄み液を取り除いた。粒子にはさらに水を加えて洗浄、遠心分離を2回繰り返した。このようにして得られた粒子を乾燥させ、その質量を量ることで粒子の含有量を算出した。
長さ4.0cm×幅3.5cmの寸法に切り出したものをサンプルとし、触針法の高精細微細形状測定器(3次元表面粗さ計)を用いてJIS B0601-1994に準拠して、下記条件にてポリエステルフィルムの表面形態を測定した。
・測定装置 :3次元微細形状測定器((株)小坂研究所製、ET-4000A型)
・解析機器 :3次元表面粗さ解析システム(TDA-31型)
・触針 :先端半径0.5μmR、径2μm、ダイヤモンド製
・針圧 :100μN
・測定方向 :フィルム長手方向、フィルム幅方向を各1回測定後平均
・X測定長さ:1.0mm
・X送り速さ:0.1mm/s(測定速度)
・Y送りピッチ:5μm(測定間隔)
・Yライン数:81本(測定本数)
・Z倍率 :20倍(縦倍率)
・低域カットオフ:0.20mm
・高域カットオフ:R+Wmm(粗さカットオフ値)R+Wとはカットオフしないことを意味する。
・フィルタ方式:ガウシアン空間型
・レベリング:あり(傾斜補正)
・基準面積 :1mm2。
上記条件にて測定を行い、その後解析システムを用いて中心面平均粗さSRa、最大山高さSRp、最大谷深さ(SRv)、中心面積率(SSr)を算出した。
フィルムを任意の位置で長さ(長手方向に平行に)20cm×幅(幅方向に平行に)14cmの大きさに切り出してサンプルとし、該サンプルを更に、長さ方向に5等分、幅方向に4等分し、長さ4.0cm×幅3.5cmの大きさに切り出した(合計20サンプル)。該サンプルについて(7)と同様にして、それぞれの表面粗さSRaより算出し、下記の通りバラツキを求めた。
表面粗さSRaのバラツキ(%)={(最大値-最小値)/平均値}×100
(9)光沢度
JIS-Z-8741(1997年)に規定された方法に従って、スガ試験機製デジタル変角光沢度計UGV-5Dを用いて、60°鏡面光沢度をN=3で測定し、平均値を本発明の光沢度とした。
分光光度計U-3410((株)日立製作所製)を用い、波長320nmの範囲において平行線透過率を測定した。なお、(7)で測定した表面粗さ(SRa)が小さい面側より光を入射して測定を行った。測定は(8)と同様にして各サンプルを作成し、合計20点の測定点の平均を320nmの平行線透過率ST320として求めた。
(8)と同様にして各サンプルを作成し、合計20点の測定点について、(10)と同様にして320nmの平行線透過率ST320を算出し、下記の通りバラツキを求めた。
ST320バラツキ(%)={(最大値-最小値)/平均値}×100
(12)100℃、10分間の熱処理前後の厚み変化
フィルムを任意の位置で長さ10cm×幅10cmの大きさに切り出してサンプルとし、(3)と同様にしてフィルム中心部、フィルム中心部から長さ方向に4cmの位置(2点)、幅方向に4cm位置(2点)の5点の厚みを測定し、その平均値を熱処理前のフィルム厚みとした。その後、該サンプルを100℃に設定した熱風オーブンの中で10分間保持し、熱処理を行い、熱処理後のサンプルについても同様に5点の厚みを測定し、その平均値を熱処理後のフィルム厚みとした。求めた熱処理前、熱処理後の厚みより、下記の通り厚み変化を算出した。
厚み変化(%)={|熱処理後の厚み-熱処理前の厚み|/熱処理前の厚み}×100
(13)表面自由エネルギー
測定液としては、水、エチレングリコール、ホルムアミドおよびジヨードメタンの4種類を使用し、接触角計(協和界面科学(株)製CA-D型)を用いて各液体のフィルム表面に対する静的接触角を求めた。それぞれの液体について5回測定し、その平均接触角(θ)と測定液(j)の表面張力の各成分を下式にそれぞれ代入し、4つの式からなる連立方程式をγL、γ+、γ-について解いた。
(γLγjL)1/2+2(γ+γj-)1/2+2(γj+γ-)1/2
=(1+cosθ)[γjL+2(γj+γj-)1/2]/2
ただし、γ=γL+2(γ+γ-)1/2
γj=γjL+2(γj+γj-)1/2
ここで、γ、γL、γ+、γ-は、それぞれフィルム表面の表面自由エネルギー、長距離間力項、ルイス酸パラメーター、ルイス塩基パラメーターを、また、γj、γjL、γj+、γj-は、それぞれ用いた測定液の表面自由エネルギー、長距離間力項、ルイス酸パラメーター、ルイス塩基パラメーターを示す。また、ここで用いた各液体の表面張力は、Oss("fundamentals of Adhesion", L. H. Lee (Ed.), p153, Plenum ess, New York (1991).)によって提案された値を使用した。
フィルムを長さ20cm×幅14cmに切り出し用いた。下記の離型層形成用溶液をグラビアコート法にてフィルムのSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下の面(両面ともSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下の場合は、表面粗さ(SRa)が小さい面)に塗布し、オーブンにて180℃で20秒間乾燥した。さらに、ハードコート層形成用塗料組成物を、乾燥後の厚みが5μmになるように流量を制御してスロットダイコーターを用いて塗布し、100℃で1分間乾燥して溶剤を除去し、ハードコート層が積層された積層体を得た。
メチル化メラミン:パラトルエンスルホン酸アミン:アクリルモノマー共重合体=20 :0.4:1の質量比で調製し、トルエンで希釈した。
下記材料を混合し、メチルエチルケトンを用いて希釈し固形分濃度40質量%のハードコート層形成用塗料組成物を得た。
トルエン 30質量部
多官能ウレタンアクリレート 25質量部
(ダイセルオルネクス株式会社製 KRM8655)
ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート混合物 25質量部
(日本化薬株式会社製 PET30)
多官能シリコーンアクリレート 1質量部
(ダイセルオルネクス株式会社製 EBECRYL1360)
光重合開始剤 3質量部
(チバスペシャリティーケミカルズ社製 イルガキュア184)
(評価基準)
A:抵抗なく剥離可能であった
B:剥離時に抵抗を感じたが、剥離可能であった
C:剥離できなかった。
フィルムを長さ20cm×幅14cmに切り出し用いた。光硬化型樹脂である感光性ポリイミド層形成用塗料組成物をグラビアコート法にてフィルムのSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下の表面(両面ともSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下の場合は、表面粗さ(SRa)が小さい面)に塗布し、オーブンにて90℃で60秒間乾燥し、フィルム/感光性ポリイミド層の積層体を得た。得られた積層体を70℃/0.2MPaでポリイミドフィルム(東レデュポン製“カプトン”(登録商標)500H/V)にラミネートを行い、高圧水銀灯を用いて800mJ/cm2の紫外線を積層体側から照射した。この際、サンプルの半分(長さ20cm×幅7cm)の部分はフォトマスクを行った(フォトマスクを行った部分はUV露光がされない)。UV露光あり部分、UV露光なし部分それぞれについて、フィルムと感光性ポリイミド層の間の剥離強度を測定し、下記基準で評価を行った。なお、剥離強度は、フィルム/感光性ポリイミド層積層体を長さ15cm×幅5cmの短冊状とし、フィルムと感光性ポリイミド層の間で強制的に剥離し、180°剥離試験を引張試験機(オリエンテック製テンシロンUCT-100)を用いて、25℃、50%RH雰囲気下において剥離速度300mm/分で測定を行った。なお、測定長50%から100%の間での強度の平均値を剥離強度とした。
A:UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分の剥離強度の差が、0.5N/50mm未満
B:UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分の剥離強度の差が、0.5N/50mm以上1N/50mm未満
C:UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分の剥離強度の差が、1N/50mm以上
D:UV露光あり部分、UV露光なし部分の少なくともいずれかで剥離ができなかった。
(15)と同様にして、フィルム/感光性ポリイミド層の積層体を得た。得られた積層体を70℃/0.2MPaでポリイミドフィルム(東レデュポン製“カプトン”(登録商標)500H/V)にラミネートを行った。その後、100℃で10分間の熱処理を行った後、高圧水銀灯を用いて800mJ/cm2の紫外線を積層体側から照射した。この際、サンプルの半分(長さ20cm×幅7cm)の部分はフォトマスクを行った(フォトマスクを行った部分はUV露光がされない)。得られたラミネート積層体の紫外線照射サンプルについて、UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分それぞれについて、フィルムと感光性ポリイミド層の間の剥離強度を測定し、下記基準で評価を行った。
A:UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分の剥離強度の差が、0.5N/50mm未満
B:UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分の剥離強度の差が、0.5N/50mm以上1N/50mm未満
C:UV露光あり部分とUV露光なし部分の剥離強度の差が、1N/50mm以上
D:UV露光あり部分、UV露光なし部分の少なくともいずれかで剥離ができなかった
(17)マット調外観の転写性、均一見栄え
(14)の方法にて得られた離型層の剥離面側について、長さ20cm×幅14cmの大きさに切り出してサンプルとし、該サンプルを更に、長さ方向に5等分、幅方向に4等分し、長さ4.0cm×幅3.5cmの大きさに切り出した(合計20サンプル)。該サンプルについて、それぞれ(9)と同様にして光沢度を測定し、その平均値について以下の基準にて評価した。
A:光沢度10以下
B:光沢度が10を超えて20以下
C:光沢度が20を超えて30以下
D:光沢度が30を超える。
20点の光沢度の最大値と最小値の差より下記基準で評価した。
B:光沢度の最大値と最小値の差が2を超えて4以下
C:光沢度の最大値と最小値の差が4を超える。
フィルムを1辺10cmの正方形状に切り出し、日本電色(株)製ヘイズメーターNDH-5000を用い、ヘイズ測定を行った。測定は3箇所で実施し、その平均値を本発明におけるヘイズとした。
製膜に供したポリエステル樹脂は以下のように準備した。
ジカルボン酸成分としてテレフタル成分が100モル%、グリコール成分としてエチレングリコール成分が100モル%であるポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(固有粘度0.65)。
イソフタル酸がジカルボン酸成分に対して20モル%共重合された共重合ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂(固有粘度0.8)。
ジカルボン酸成分としてテレフタル成分が100モル%、グリコール成分として1,4-ブタンジオール成分が100モル%であるポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂(固有粘度1.2)。
東レ-デュポン社製“ハイトレル(登録商標)”7247。
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径3μmのコロイダルシリカ粒子を粒子濃度30質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)。
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径5μmのコロイダルシリカ粒子を粒子濃度30質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)。
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径3μmの珪酸アルミナ粒子を粒子濃度30質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)。
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径5μmの珪酸アルミナ粒子を粒子濃度30質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)。
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径2.2μmのコロイダルシリカ粒子を粒子濃度30質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)
(粒子マスターJ)
ポリエステルA中に平均粒子径2.4μmの珪酸アルミナ粒子を粒子濃度30質量%で含有したポリエチレンテレフタレート粒子マスター(固有粘度0.65)
(離型コート溶液(水分散体))
以下に示す、架橋剤:バインダー樹脂:離型剤:粒子をそれぞれ、質量比60:23:17で混合し、固形分が1%の質量比となるように純水で希釈して調整した。
・架橋剤:メチル化メラミン/尿素共重合の架橋製樹脂((株)三和ケミカル製“ニカラック” (登録商標)「MW12LF」)
・バインダー樹脂I:アクリルモノマー共重合体(日本カーバイド製)
・離型剤: ガラス製反応容器中に、パーフルオロアルキル基含有アクリレートであるCF3(CF2)nCH2CH2OCOCH=CH2(n=5~11、nの平均=9)80.0g、アセトアセトキシエチルメタクリレート20.0g、ドデシルメルカプタン0.8g、脱酸素した純水354.7g、アセトン40.0g、C16H33N(CH3)3Cl1.0gおよびC8H17C6H4O(CH2CH2O)nH(n=8)3.0gを入れ、アゾビスイソブチルアミジン二塩酸塩0.5gを加え、窒素雰囲気下で攪拌しつつ60℃で10時間共重合反応させて得られた共重合体エマルション。
・粒子:数平均粒子径170nmのシリカ粒子(日産化学工業(株)製“スノーテックス”(登録商標)MP2040)を固形分濃度が40重量%となるように純水で希釈して得られた水分散体。
組成、積層比が表の通りとなるように、原料をそれぞれ押出機に供給し、押出機シリンダー温度を270℃、短管温度を275℃、口金温度を280℃に設定し、樹脂温度280℃で、Tダイより25℃に温度制御した冷却ドラム上にシート状に吐出した。その際、直径0.1mmのワイヤー状電極を使用して静電印加し、冷却ドラムに密着させ未延伸シートを得た。次いで、長手方向に延伸温度85℃で1段目として1.5倍、延伸速度50,000%/分で延伸し、延伸温度88℃で2段目として2.2倍、延伸速度80,000%/分で延伸(トータル延伸倍率3.3倍)した。その後、コロナ放電処理を施し、A層側の表面に離型コート溶液(水分散体)をメタリングバーを用いてウェット厚みが13.5μmとなるように塗布し、次いでテンター式横延伸機にて、幅方向に延伸温度100℃で1段目として1.8倍、延伸速度30,000%/分で延伸し、延伸温度120℃で2段目延伸2倍、延伸速度は40,000%/分で延伸(トータル延伸倍率3.6倍)した。その後、テンター内にて、235℃で熱処理を行い、フィルム厚み16μm(離型コート層:0.04μm、A層:3.5μm、基材層:12.5μm)のフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み25μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み16μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み25μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更し、長手方向延伸後に離型コート溶液を塗布しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み16μmのフィルムを得た。
長手方向の延伸条件として、85℃で3.3倍延伸、幅方向の延伸条件として、100℃で3.6倍延伸した以外は、実施例2と同様にして、フィルム厚み16μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更し、長手方向延伸後に離型コート溶液を塗布しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み16μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、構成、積層比を表の通りに変更し、長手方向延伸後に離型コート溶液を塗布しなかった以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み19.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更し、長手方向に延伸温度85℃で1段目として1.6倍延伸し、延伸温度88℃で2段目として2.4倍延伸(トータル延伸倍率3.8倍)し、幅方向に延伸温度100℃で1段目として1.9倍延伸し、延伸温度120℃で2段目延伸2.2倍延伸(トータル延伸倍率4.2倍)した以外は実施例1と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μm(離型コート層:0.03μm、A層:2μm、基材層:12.5μm)のフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例9と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例9と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例9と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例9と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例9と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例9と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例4と同様にして、フィルム厚み9μmのフィルムを得た。
長手方向に延伸温度85℃で1段目として1.7倍延伸し、延伸温度88℃で2段目として2.4倍延伸(トータル延伸倍率4.1倍)し、幅方向に延伸温度100℃で1段目として1.9倍延伸し、延伸温度120℃で2段目延伸2.2倍延伸(トータル延伸倍率4.2倍)し、その後、テンター内にて、252℃で熱処理を行った以外は実施例11と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μm(離型コート層:0.03μm、A層:2μm、基材層:12.5μm)のフィルムを得た。
長手方向に延伸温度85℃で1段目として1.2倍延伸し、延伸温度86℃で2段目として1.2倍延伸、延伸温度87℃で3段目として1.6倍、延伸温度88℃で4段目として1.7倍(トータル延伸倍率3.9倍)し、幅方向に延伸温度100℃で1段目として1.2倍延伸し、延伸温度110℃で2段目延伸1.2倍延伸し、延伸温度115℃で3段目延伸1.6倍延伸し、120℃で4段目延伸1.8倍延伸(トータル延伸倍率4.1倍)した以外は実施例11と同様にして、フィルム厚み14.5μm(離型コート層:0.03μm、A層:2μm、基材層:12.5μm)のフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例8と同様にして、フィルム厚み22.5μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例4と同様にして、フィルム厚み25μmのフィルムを得た。
組成、積層比を表の通りに変更した以外は実施例2と同様にして、フィルム厚み20.5μmのフィルムを得た。
Claims (12)
- 少なくとも片面の表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下であり、かつ20cm×14cm範囲における前記表面粗さSRaのバラツキが10%以下であり、320nmの平行線透過率ST320が30%以上であるフィルム。
- 前記表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下である表面の最大山高さ(SRp)と、最大谷深さ(SRv)が下記(II)式を満たす請求項1に記載のフィルム。
1≦SRp/SRv≦3 ・・・(II) - 前記表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下である表面の中心面積率(SSr)が下記(III)式を満たす請求項1または2に記載のフィルム。
30≦SSr≦60 ・・・(III) - 100℃、10分間の熱処理前後の厚み変化が0.1%以上10%以下である請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 基材層と粒子高濃度含有層(A層)を有する積層フィルムであって、前記A層に平均粒子径が1μm以上10μm以下の粒子を、A層全体を100質量%として、1質量%以上40質量%以下含有する請求項1~4のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記ST320が60%以上である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- フィルムの20cm×14cm範囲において、前記ST320のバラツキが0.1%以上10%以下である請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- フィルムヘイズが70%以下である、請求項1~7のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 前記表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下である表面の表面自由エネルギーが44mN/m以下である請求項1~8のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- ポリエステルを主成分とする請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 転写用途に使用される請求項1~10のいずれかに記載のフィルム。
- 基材層の少なくとも一方の表面に、光沢度が30以下である低光沢層(A層)を有する積層フィルムであって、A層表面の表面粗さSRaが100nm以上3000nm以下、かつフィルムの20cm×14cm範囲における表面粗さSRaのバラツキが10%以下であり、320nmの平行線透過率ST320が30%以上である積層フィルム。
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