WO2018180820A1 - せん断加工方法、せん断加工装置、およびせん断加工設備 - Google Patents
せん断加工方法、せん断加工装置、およびせん断加工設備 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018180820A1 WO2018180820A1 PCT/JP2018/011209 JP2018011209W WO2018180820A1 WO 2018180820 A1 WO2018180820 A1 WO 2018180820A1 JP 2018011209 W JP2018011209 W JP 2018011209W WO 2018180820 A1 WO2018180820 A1 WO 2018180820A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- clearance
- workpiece
- shearing
- blade
- lower blade
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/08—Dies with different parts for several steps in a process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/24—Perforating, i.e. punching holes
- B21D28/34—Perforating tools; Die holders
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D28/00—Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
- B21D28/02—Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap; Notching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D15/00—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves
- B23D15/04—Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves having only one moving blade
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D35/00—Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools
- B23D35/005—Adjusting the position of the cutting members
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/06—Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D7/00—Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
- B26D7/26—Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member
- B26D7/2628—Means for adjusting the position of the cutting member
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
- B26D2001/0066—Cutting members therefor having shearing means, e.g. shearing blades, abutting blades
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a shearing method, a shearing apparatus, and a shearing equipment.
- Shearing is performed for cutting, punching, punching, shaving, trimming, and the like of metal members in the manufacture of metal parts used in, for example, automobiles, railway vehicles, building materials, ships, and home appliances.
- the shearing process is performed by pushing the upper blade from the upper side against the lower blade abutted on the member. At this time, the member plastically deforms between the upper blade and the lower blade, and finally breaks.
- a part affected by work hardening accompanying plastic deformation remains on the end face of the member after fracture.
- cracks may occur in the parts affected by work hardening.
- Patent Document 1 describes a technique for obtaining a sheared surface that has excellent stretch flange workability by appropriately setting the inclination angle of a punch blade using numerical simulation.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for obtaining a sheared surface having excellent stretch flange workability by gradually increasing the clearance as it deviates from the dangerous portion determined based on the simulation of stretch flange cracking in a subsequent process. Are listed.
- the present invention has an object to provide a new and improved shearing method, shearing apparatus, and shearing equipment that can reduce the influence of work hardening on the end face of a member after fracture. .
- a shearing method for breaking a workpiece by applying a shearing force in a thickness direction of the plate-like workpiece Starting the application of shear force to the workpiece with a clearance at the point of action in the plane direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the workpiece; After starting to apply shear force, applying shear force until a fracture surface occurs in the workpiece, A step of increasing the clearance according to deformation in the thickness direction of the work material after the start of applying a shearing force until a fracture surface is generated in the work material.
- a plurality of lower blades, an upper blade that is relatively movable in the thickness direction of the workpiece, and the lower blade and the upper blade have different clearances along the surface direction of the workpiece.
- a single shearing device including a lower blade that contacts the lower surface of the workpiece and an upper blade that is movable relative to the lower blade in the thickness direction of the workpiece.
- the process of increasing the clearance according to the relative movement amount of the upper blade and the lower blade in the thickness direction of the workpiece after the upper blade contacts the upper surface of the workpiece and before the fracture surface is generated.
- the lower blade is movable relative to the upper blade in the surface direction of the workpiece
- the step of increasing the clearance includes the step of separating the lower blade from the upper blade according to the amount of movement of the upper blade, according to [3].
- the step of increasing the clearance includes the step of continuously increasing the clearance according to the relative movement amount of the upper blade and the lower blade in the thickness direction of the workpiece, according to [3] or [4].
- the step of increasing the clearance includes a step of gradually increasing the clearance according to a relative movement amount of the upper blade and the lower blade in the thickness direction of the workpiece, according to [3] or [4]. Shearing method.
- the step of increasing the clearance includes a step of increasing the clearance at a single timing determined according to the relative movement amount of the upper blade and the lower blade in the thickness direction of the workpiece, [3] or The shearing method according to [4].
- the step of increasing the clearance when the clearance is fixed to a predetermined value, the upper surface in the thickness direction of the work material from when the upper blade contacts the upper surface of the work material until the fracture surface is generated.
- the shearing method according to any one of [3] to [7], wherein the shearing method is performed in a range of a moving amount of 20% or more of a reference moving amount corresponding to a relative moving amount of the blade and the lower blade.
- the lower blade is relatively movable in a direction perpendicular to the approaching / separating direction of the upper blade
- the clearance adjusting mechanism is the shearing device according to [11], wherein the lower blade is separated from the upper blade in accordance with the relative movement amount of the upper blade and the lower blade in the approaching direction.
- the clearance adjustment mechanism A first inclined surface movable integrally with the upper blade in the relative movement direction of the upper blade and the lower blade; A second inclined surface that is in sliding contact with the first inclined surface and is movable integrally with the lower blade in a direction perpendicular to the relative movement direction of the upper blade and the lower blade,
- the clearance adjusting mechanism is an elastic means that gives the lower blade an elastic force that opposes the pressing force that the lower blade receives from a direction perpendicular to the approach direction of the upper blade as the upper blade moves in the approach direction.
- the shear processing apparatus according to [13].
- the clearance adjustment mechanism increases the clearance within a range of movement amount of 20% or more of the reference movement amount corresponding to the relative movement amount of the upper blade and the lower blade from the start of processing to the end of processing. 17].
- the shearing apparatus according to any one of [17].
- a shearing facility including a transporting device that transports a workpiece and a plurality of shearing devices that are arranged along a transport path of the transporting device and perform shearing on the workpiece.
- Each of the plurality of shear processing devices includes a lower blade and an upper blade that is movable in an approaching and separating direction with respect to the lower blade, and that is opposed to the lower blade with a clearance in a direction perpendicular to the approaching and separating direction.
- a plurality of shearing devices are arranged so that the clearance increases as they go from upstream to downstream of the transport path.
- the influence of work hardening on the end face of the member after fracture can be reduced by changing the clearance in the direction of increasing the clearance during the shearing process.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a shearing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows typically the operation
- FIG. 2B it is a figure which shows typically the operation
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing device and the behavior of a workpiece.
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing device and the behavior of a workpiece.
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing device and the behavior of a workpiece.
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing device and the behavior of a workpiece.
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing device and the behavior of a workpiece.
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing device and the behavior of a workpiece.
- FIG. 2C it is a diagram schematically showing the operation of a conventional shearing
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a shearing apparatus 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a shearing device 1 according to the present embodiment includes a die 2, a punch 3, a holder 4, and an actuator 5a.
- the die 2 is formed with a lower blade 21 that contacts the lower surface of the plate-like workpiece 6.
- An upper blade 31 is formed on the punch 3.
- the punch 3 is driven by an electric motor or a hydraulic mechanism (not shown) and can be moved relative to the die 2 in the thickness direction of the workpiece 6 (the approach and separation direction of the upper blade 31 and the lower blade 21).
- the upper blade 31 As the punch 3 moves, the upper blade 31 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 6 as shown in the figure, and is further pushed into the workpiece 6 from the state positioned above the workpiece 6. It is. In the process in which the upper blade 31 is pushed into the workpiece 6, a fracture surface is generated between the lower blade 21 and the upper blade 31, whereby the workpiece 6 at the portion where the punch 3 is pushed is cut off.
- the holder 4 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 6 and sandwiches the workpiece 6 with the die 2.
- the actuator 5a is, for example, an electric motor or a hydraulic mechanism.
- the actuator 5 a is connected to the die 2 and moves the die 2 in the surface direction of the workpiece 6, that is, in a direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the workpiece 6.
- the upper blade 31 is relatively moved in the approaching / separating direction with respect to the lower blade 21.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the upper blade 31 is fixed and the lower blade 21 is relatively moved.
- the upper blade 31 and the lower blade 21 may move relative to each other.
- the upper blade 31 faces the lower blade 21 with a clearance C in the surface direction of the workpiece 6 (the direction perpendicular to the approaching and separating direction of the upper blade 31).
- the actuator 5 a moves the die 2 in the surface direction of the workpiece 6, whereby the lower blade 21 can be approached or separated from the upper blade 31.
- the clearance C decreases, and when the lower blade 21 is separated from the upper blade 31, the clearance C increases.
- the actuator 5a increases the clearance C according to the amount of movement of the upper blade 31 after the upper blade 31 abuts on the upper surface of the workpiece 6 and before the fracture surface is generated in the workpiece 6.
- the actuator 5 a separates the lower blade 21 from the upper blade 31 according to the amount of movement of the workpiece 6 in the thickness direction of the upper blade 31.
- the actuator 5a functions as a clearance adjustment mechanism.
- the actuator 5a may continuously separate the lower blade 21 from the upper blade 31 in accordance with the amount of movement of the upper blade 31, or the lower blade 21 in steps according to the amount of movement of the upper blade 31. It may be separated from the upper blade 31.
- the actuator 5a may separate the lower blade 21 from the upper blade 31 by a predetermined distance at a single timing determined according to the amount of movement of the upper blade 31 in the thickness direction.
- FIG. 2A to 2C are diagrams schematically showing the operation of the shearing device 1 shown in FIG. 1 and the behavior of the workpiece 6.
- FIG. 2A shows a state in which the upper blade 31 is in contact with the upper surface of the workpiece 6.
- the clearance C is set to c 0.
- the amount of movement H of the upper blade 31 at this time (the amount of movement of the workpiece 6 in the thickness direction) is set to zero.
- the state shown in FIG. 2A starts to apply a shearing force to the workpiece 6 with a clearance at the action point in a plane direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the workpiece 6 (machining start). It corresponds to.
- FIG. 2B shows a state in which the upper blade 31 is further moved from the state shown in FIG. 2A and pushed into the workpiece 6.
- movement quantity H of the upper blade 31 is h 1.
- the actuator 5 a moves the die 2, and the lower blade 21 is separated from the upper blade 31, whereby the clearance C increases from c 0 to c 1 .
- Work hardening of the material inside the workpiece 6 occurs in the region R 1B .
- the region R 1B has a shape that expands on the lower surface side of the workpiece 6 as compared to the region R 1A .
- FIG. 2C shows a state in which the upper blade 31 has further moved from the state shown in FIG. 2B and has been pushed deeper into the workpiece 6.
- the amount of movement H of the upper blade 31 is h 2 which is larger than h 1 .
- a fracture surface 61 is generated in the workpiece 6.
- the actuator 5a is moved further the die 2 by the lower blade 21 is further spaced apart from the upper blade 31, the clearance C from c 1 to c 2, has increased further.
- Work hardening of the material inside the workpiece 6 occurs in the region R 1C .
- the region R 1C has a shape further expanded on the lower surface side of the workpiece 6 as compared with the region R 1A .
- FIG. 2B and FIG. 2C starts applying the shearing force, the step of applying the shearing force until the fracture surface is generated in the workpiece 6 (processing end), and the shearing force This corresponds to the step of increasing the clearance in accordance with the deformation of the workpiece 6 in the thickness direction until the fracture surface 61 is generated in the workpiece 6 after starting to act.
- the fracture surface 61 of the workpiece 6 is generated across the region R1C where work hardening has occurred. Therefore, a region affected by work hardening remains on the end face of the workpiece 6 after fracture.
- work clearance is generated in a wider area than in the prior art due to the clearance C increasing in accordance with the amount of movement H of the upper blade 31 during shearing. . Therefore, in this embodiment, the influence of work hardening on the end surface of the workpiece 6 after fracture is reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- 3A to 3C are diagrams schematically showing the operation of the conventional shearing apparatus and the behavior of the workpiece 6 in comparison with FIGS. 2A to 2C.
- the clearance C is fixed to c 2 (same as the clearance C in FIG. 2C) throughout the shearing process.
- the region R2A is a region along the plane connecting the lower blade 21 and the upper blade 31.
- the work hardening of the material inside the workpiece 6 occurs in the region R2B .
- the region R 1B shown in FIG. 2B had a widened shape on the lower surface side of the workpiece 6, no such spread in a region R 2B shown in Figure 3B.
- the work hardening of the material inside the workpiece 6 occurs in the region R2C .
- the region R 1C shown in FIG. 2C has a shape further expanded on the lower surface side of the workpiece 6, but the region R 2C shown in FIG. R 2C is a relatively narrow region along the plane connecting the lower blade 21 and the upper blade 31.
- the clearance C when the fracture surface 61 occurs in the workpiece 6 is the same (c 2 ).
- the region R 1C where work hardening occurs at the time of fracture is wider than the region R 2C in the conventional case. That is, in the present embodiment, work hardening occurs in a wider area than in the past. Therefore, in this embodiment, the influence of work hardening on the end surface of the workpiece 6 after fracture can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another example of a clearance adjustment mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the shearing device 1 includes a linear cam mechanism 5b as a clearance adjustment mechanism.
- the linear cam mechanism 5 b includes a first inclined surface 51 formed on the punch 3 and a second inclined surface 52 formed on the die 2.
- the first inclined surface 51 is movable together with the upper blade 31 formed on the punch 3 in the thickness direction of the workpiece 6.
- the second inclined surface 52 is in sliding contact with the first inclined surface 51, and can move integrally with the lower blade 21 formed on the die 2 in the surface direction of the workpiece 6.
- the shearing device 1 is further provided with a spring 22 that urges the die 2 toward the punch 3 in the surface direction of the workpiece 6.
- the spring 22 functions as a clearance holding mechanism that holds the clearance C when the first inclined surface 51 and the second inclined surface 52 are not in sliding contact with each other.
- the linear cam mechanism 5 b continuously separates the lower blade 21 from the upper blade 31 according to the amount of movement of the upper blade 31.
- the clearance C can be changed by using the driving force of the punch 3, so that, for example, simplification of equipment and speeding up of the process can be realized.
- the clearance C can be changed as an operation independent of the driving of the punch 3, and therefore, for example, how to change the clearance C (change amount, Change rate, change start time and end time, etc.) can be arbitrarily adjusted.
- 5A and 5B are schematic cross-sectional views showing still another example of the clearance adjustment mechanism in the embodiment of the present invention.
- the clearance C is changed by forcibly moving the highly rigid die 2 provided with the lower blade 21 in the direction in which the clearance changes by the linear cam mechanism 5b.
- the die 2 of the shearing device 1 includes a die body 2a and an elastic body 5c, and the lower blade 21 of the die body 2a having low rigidity is connected to the elastic body 5c.
- the elastic body 5c supports the die body 2a in a state in which the movement of the die body 2a in the changing direction of the clearance is allowed.
- the die body 2a includes a thin portion in the upper portion including the lower blade 21 in which the thickness in the direction in which the clearance changes is thinner than the other portions in the vertical direction.
- the elastic body 5c supports at least the thin portion of the die body 2a in a state where the punch 3 is in contact with the workpiece 6.
- the die body 2a and the elastic body 5c do not necessarily have to be joined, and may be separated when the shearing force is not applied. Further, the thickness of the thin portion may be different in the vertical direction.
- the elastic body 5c should just be arrange
- the length of the elastic body 5c in the vertical direction and the length in the clearance changing direction are appropriately set based on, for example, the relationship with the arrangement of the holder 4 and the elastic modulus of the elastic body 5c.
- the elastic body 5c is attached to a wall surface (not shown) on the opposite side to the die body 2a.
- the upper portion of the elastically deformed lower blade 21 is elastically deformed in the direction in which the clearance is changed by the pressing force in the surface direction of the workpiece 6 received by the lower blade 21.
- the elastic body 5 c gives an elastic force against the pressing force received by the lower blade 21 from a direction perpendicular to the surface direction of the workpiece 6 to the die body 2 a including the lower blade 21. Thereby, as the pressing force in the surface direction of the workpiece 6 acting on the lower blade 21 gradually increases, the upper part of the elastically deformed die body 2a is supported by the elastic body 5c that is elastically deformed.
- the die body 2a may be configured not to have a thin portion. In this case, the entire die body 2 a is attached so as to be movable along the surface direction of the workpiece 6, and the elastic body 5 c is supported in a state that allows the movement of the die 2. As the pressing force in the surface direction of the workpiece 6 acting on the lower blade 21 gradually increases, the entire die body 2a moves along the surface direction of the workpiece 6 so that the lower blade 21 moves. It gradually moves in the direction of the pressing force in the surface direction of the workpiece 6.
- the die 2 including the lower blade 21 is moved to the die 2.
- a pressing force in the surface direction of the workpiece 6, specifically, a pressing force in a direction in which the lower blade 21 is separated from the upper blade 31 may act.
- the pressing force gradually increases as the upper blade 31 moves.
- the clearance C can be continuously increased according to the amount of movement of the upper blade 31 by providing the die body 2a with an elastic force against the pressing force of the elastic body 5c as described above.
- the initial thickness of the elastic body 5c (the thickness when the workpiece 6 is not present or when the upper blade 31 is not in contact with the workpiece 6) and the characteristics of the elastic body 5c are as follows: It is determined according to the initial value c 0 of the clearance C. Further, characteristics such as the elastic modulus (Young's modulus) of the elastic body 5 c are determined according to an appropriate increase rate of the clearance C with respect to the movement amount H of the upper blade 31. Further, instead of the elastic body 5c, mechanical elastic means using a coil spring or an air spring may be used.
- a support portion that supports the lower blade 21 is provided on the back surface of the lower blade 21, a cam mechanism that is driven along with the movement of the support portion, a link mechanism, and the like are provided.
- a compression force may be applied to the spring and the air spring, and an elastic force that opposes the pressing force of the lower blade 21 may be applied to the die body 2a.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of the clearance adjustment mechanism in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the punch 3 in the standby state is disposed at a position indicated by a solid line in FIG.
- the upper blade 31 of the punch 3 is located in the region where the die 2 is present when viewed from the normal direction of the workpiece 6.
- the punch 3 moves backward with respect to the die 2 at any timing before the punch 3 starts to descend, at the same time as the descending starts, or after the descending starts.
- the punch 3 is located at a position indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG.
- the punch 3 is described as moving with respect to the die 2, but the movement of the die 2 and the punch 3 may be performed as long as it includes a relative movement. For example, even when the die 2 moves relative to the punch 3, both the die 2 and the punch 3 may move.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another example of clearance adjustment in one embodiment of the present invention.
- the shear processing equipment 7 includes a transport device 8 and a shear processing device 1 ⁇ / b> C from the shear processing device 1 ⁇ / b> A, the shear processing device 1 ⁇ / b> A disposed along the transport device 8, and the shear processing.
- the workpiece 1 is processed by the apparatus 1B and the shearing apparatus 1C.
- each shearing device 1A, 1B, 1C is not provided with a clearance adjusting mechanism.
- the conveyance device 8 is configured by a robot arm, a belt conveyor, or the like, and conveys the workpiece 6 from upstream to downstream in the order of the shearing device 1A to the shearing device 1C.
- the plurality of shearing devices 1A, 1B, and 1C are arranged so that the clearance increases from the upstream to the downstream of the conveyance path.
- the shearing equipment includes three shearing apparatuses 1A, 1B, and 1C.
- the shearing equipment may include two or four or more shearing apparatuses.
- shearing device clearance C c 0 which is set to 1A
- shearing device clearance C c 1, which is set to 1B
- the clearance C that is set in shearing device 1C while maintaining the c 0, it may be performed processing of other sites in the workpiece 6.
- the shearing force is applied to the workpiece 6 with the clearance of the action point in the plane direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the workpiece 6.
- the process of increasing the clearance according to the deformation in the thickness direction of the workpiece 6 can be performed until the fracture surface is generated in the workpiece. Therefore, the same operations and effects as described above can be enjoyed.
- the example of the clearance adjustment mechanism in embodiment of this invention is not restricted to said example.
- a plurality of dies 2 that can be exchanged during shearing may be used as the clearance adjustment mechanism.
- the clearance C can be changed step by step by sequentially using a plurality of dies 2 corresponding to different clearances C according to the movement amount H of the upper blade 31.
- the clearance C may be increased by exchanging at a single timing determined accordingly.
- the configuration of the shearing apparatus as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 1 is not necessarily common to the entire shearing apparatus. That is, in the shearing device according to the present embodiment, the clearance adjustment mechanism (actuator 5a, linear cam mechanism 5b, etc.) as described above is provided in a part of the shearing part, while the other part of the shearing part is provided with the clearance adjusting mechanism. May not be provided with a clearance adjusting mechanism, and thus the clearance may be fixed. More specifically, for example, the clearance adjustment mechanism may be arranged limited to a curved portion where stretch flange cracking is likely to occur.
- a to-be-processed material is a steel plate with a tensile strength of 615 MPa, and plate
- board thickness is 1 mm.
- the shearing process is punching using a punch having a diameter of 10 mm.
- 12 types in which the inner diameter of the hole portion changes from 10.1 mm to 10.4 mm in increments of 0.025 mm are prepared and sheared while sequentially exchanging as described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9 below. Processing was carried out.
- FIG. 8 is a graph for explaining an embodiment of the present invention in which the clearance is continuously increased.
- the clearance C is described as a ratio (C / t) to the plate thickness t.
- the clearance C increases from 0.05 mm to 0.2 mm in increments of 0.0125 mm by exchanging the die.
- C / t increases from 5% to 20% in increments of 1.25%.
- the movement amount H is described as a ratio (H / H_ref ) to the reference movement amount H_ref .
- the reference movement amount H_ref is measured by a test performed in advance and is used as an index for controlling the clearance C in common with each embodiment.
- H / H_ref ranges from 0 to a predetermined value (10% in Example 1, 20% in Example 2, 40% in Example 3, 60% in Example 4, and Example 5) 80%, 90% in Example 6, and 100% in Example 7)
- C / t is pseudo continuous from 5% to 20%.
- H / H_ref reached the predetermined value, the movement of the upper blade was continued until a fracture surface occurred in the workpiece while maintaining C / t at 20%.
- FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining an embodiment of the present invention in which the clearance is increased stepwise.
- the graph shown in FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the clearance C (C / t) in Example 4 and Example 4s and the movement amount H (H / H_ref ) of the upper blade.
- the graph of Example 4 is the same as that shown in FIG. In the example 4s, C / t is increased from 5% to 20% by sequentially exchanging the dies in the range of the movement amount H which is the same as that in the example 4.
- the clearance C is changed in steps of 0.0375 mm (that is, C / t is increased in increments of 3.75%) by using only four of the 12 types of dies described above. Like to do.
- FIG. 10A and FIG. 10B are photographs showing the end face shape of the workpiece after fracture in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention.
- FIG. 10A shows the end face shape of the workpiece after fracture in Example 6 shown in FIG. 8 above.
- Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1
- Example 2 to Example 5 and Example 7 there was no significant difference in the end surface shape of the workpiece after fracture from Comparative Example 1. Only Example 1 showed a slight change in the end face shape as compared with Comparative Example 1, and this point will be described later.
- FIG. 11 is a graph showing the average Vickers hardness of the end face of the workpiece after fracture in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
- the hardness is the Vickers at 14 measurement points arranged in the thickness direction of the workpiece at a position of 80 ⁇ m from the end surface by cutting the fractured workpiece in a direction intersecting the end surface. It was measured by carrying out a hardness test (JIS Z 2244).
- the point near the end surface of the workpiece observed in FIGS. 10A and 10B is a measurement point of the Vickers hardness test.
- the graph of FIG. 11 shows the average value ( Hv_ave ) at all measurement points of the measurement values of the Vickers hardness test in each example.
- Example 1 the value of Hv_ave is lower than that of Comparative Example 1, and the work hardening at the end face of the workpiece after fracture in each Example It can be seen that the influence is reduced.
- the value of Hv_ave is particularly small because the clearance C increases continuously and the increase in the clearance C is performed in the range of the movement amount H corresponding to 20% to 80% of H_ref. (Example 2 to Example 5).
- Example 1 since the slight end surface shape change generate
- FIG. 12 is a graph showing the hole expansibility of a workpiece after fracture in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention.
- the hole expansion property was measured by performing a hole expansion test (JIS Z 2256) on the workpiece that was punched using a punch having a diameter of 10 mm as described above.
- the graph of FIG. 12 shows the hole expansion rate ( ⁇ ) measured by the hole expansion test in each example.
- Example 1 the value of ⁇ is higher than that of Comparative Example 1, and in each Example, the hole expanding property of the workpiece after fracture is improved.
- the value of ⁇ is particularly large because the clearance C is continuously increased and the clearance C is increased in the range of the movement amount H corresponding to 20% to 80% of H_ref. (Examples 2 to 5).
- Example 1 since a slight end surface shape change compared with the comparative example and the other examples as described above, it is considered that the hole expandability is slightly lower than the other examples. .
- FIG. 13 is a graph for explaining another embodiment of the present invention in which the clearance is increased stepwise.
- the graph shown in FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the clearance C (C / t) in Example 8 and Example 9 and the amount of movement H (H / H ref ) of the upper blade.
- Example 8 is an example in which the clearance C was increased stepwise. After starting shearing with an initial value of C / t of 5%, H / H ref was 16%, 32%, and 48%. Sometimes the dies are changed so that C / t increases by 3.75%. As a result, C / t increases in four stages from 5% of the initial value to 20% of the maximum value.
- Example 9 is an example in which the clearance C is increased stepwise in the same manner as in Example 8, but by changing the die when H / H ref is 32%, 64%, and 96%, C / t is increased more gradually.
- FIG. 14 is a graph showing the aperture ratio of the side bend test in the example and the comparative example shown in FIG.
- the side bend test Yoshida and five others, “Evaluation method and countermeasure technology for stretch flangeability”, Nippon Steel Technical Report, Nippon Steel Corporation, 2012, No. 393, p.18-24 Are described in detail.
- FIG. 15 is a graph for explaining an embodiment of the present invention that is increased at a single timing determined according to the relative movement amount of the clearance.
- the graph shown in FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the clearance C (C / t) and the amount of movement H (H / H_ref ) of the upper blade in Comparative Example 2, Example 10, Example 11, and Example 12. Has been.
- the die is fixed so that C / t increases from the beginning to 20% of the maximum value.
- the die is exchanged so that C / t increases to 20% of the maximum value at the timing when H / H ref is 32%.
- Example 11 at the timing when H / H ref is 64%, the dies are exchanged so that C / t increases from 5% to 20%. Further, in the twelfth embodiment, at the timing when H / H_ref is 96%, the dies are exchanged so that C / t increases from 5% to 20%.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the aperture ratio of the side bend test in Examples 10 to 12 and Comparative Example 2 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 shows the opening ratio of the side bend test in Comparative Example 2 and Examples 10 to 12 shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 16, in Comparative Example 2, the aperture ratio is as low as 46%. However, when H / H_ref, which is the die replacement timing, is increased, the aperture ratio is gradually increased. 12, the aperture ratio is greatly improved.
- the present invention is effective for reducing the effect of work hardening on the end face of the workpiece after fracture and improving workability such as hole expansion in post-processing. Indicated.
- the step of increasing the clearance C is started when the movement amount H is 0, that is, immediately after the upper blade comes into contact with the upper surface of the workpiece. You may start from the time of becoming the predetermined value larger than 0, that is, the time when the upper blade is pushed into the workpiece to some extent.
- the shearing process was performed using a steel sheet having a tensile strength of 615 MPa as a work material.
- the work material capable of more effectively implementing the present invention is a tensile material. It is a steel plate having a strength of 270 MPa or higher and a relatively high strength. The reason for this is that the behavior of the workpiece as described above as one embodiment of the present invention is based on the premise that ductile fracture cracks occur during shearing. This is because such ductile fracture cracks are less likely to occur.
- the shearing process was performed using a steel sheet having a thickness of 1 mm as a workpiece, but according to the knowledge of the present inventors, the workpiece that can implement the present invention more effectively is: It is a steel plate having a plate thickness of 0.2 mm or more and 2 mm or less.
- the reason for this is that if the plate thickness is too small, the value of the clearance C also decreases accordingly, and it becomes difficult to stably control the clearance C by the clearance adjustment mechanism.
- the plate thickness is too large, the shape of the end face often changes as the clearance C changes, and it is difficult to obtain the effect of reducing the influence of work hardening on the end face of the workpiece.
- the plate thickness is 0.1 mm or more and 4 mm or less, or the plate thickness is 0.05 mm or more and 8 mm or less. Implementation may be possible.
- the material to be processed in the present invention is not necessarily limited to a steel plate, and may be a plate of another metal material such as an aluminum alloy.
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Abstract
Description
[1]板状の被加工材の厚さ方向にせん断力を作用させて被加工材を破断するせん断加工方法であって、
被加工材の厚さ方向に垂直な面方向に作用点のクリアランスをもって、被加工材にせん断力を作用させることを開始する工程と、
せん断力を作用させることを開始した後、被加工材に破断面が発生するまでせん断力を作用させる工程と、
せん断力を作用させることを開始した後、被加工材に破断面が発生するまでの間に、被加工材の厚さ方向の変形に応じて、前記クリアランスを増加させる工程と
を含む、せん断加工方法。
[2]下刃と、前記下刃と被加工材の厚さ方向に相対的に移動可能な上刃とを備え、被加工材の面方向に沿った下刃および上刃のクリアランスが異なる複数のせん断加工装置により実施され、
クリアランスを増加させる工程は、複数のせん断加工装置のうち、クリアランスの小さなせん断加工装置から、クリアランスの大きなせん断加工装置の順に、被加工材にせん断力を作用させていく、
[1]に記載のせん断加工方法。
下刃を被加工材の下面に当接させる工程と、
被加工材の面方向に沿って下刃とクリアランスをもって上刃を被加工材の上面に当接するまで前記厚さ方向に移動させる工程と、
被加工材の上面に当接した上刃を、被加工材に破断面が発生するまでさらに被加工材の厚さ方向に移動させる工程と、
上刃が前記被加工材の上面に当接した後、破断面が発生するまでの間に、被加工材の厚さ方向における上刃および下刃の相対移動量に応じてクリアランスを増加させる工程と
を含む、[1]に記載のせん断加工方法。
クリアランスを増加させる工程は、上刃の移動量に応じて前記下刃を前記上刃から離隔させる工程を含む、[3]に記載のせん断加工方法。
[5]クリアランスを増加させる工程は、被加工材の厚さ方向における上刃および下刃の相対移動量に応じてクリアランスを連続的に増加させる工程を含む、[3]または[4]に記載のせん断加工方法。
[6]クリアランスを増加させる工程は、被加工材の厚さ方向における上刃および下刃の相対移動量に応じてクリアランスを段階的に増加させる工程を含む、[3]または[4]に記載のせん断加工方法。
[8]クリアランスを増加させる工程は、クリアランスが所定値に固定された場合に、上刃が被加工材の上面に当接してから破断面が発生するまでの被加工材の厚さ方向における上刃および下刃の相対移動量に対応する基準移動量の20%以上の移動量の範囲で実行される、[3]から[7]のいずれかに記載のせん断加工方法。
[9]被加工材は、引張強度270MPa以上の鋼板である、[1]から[8]のいずれかに記載のせん断加工方法。
[10]被加工材は、板厚が0.2mm以上、2mm以下の鋼板である、[1]から[9]のいずれかに記載のせん断加工方法。
下刃に対して接近離間方向に移動可能であり、接近離間方向に垂直な方向では、クリアランスをもって下刃に対向する上刃と、
上刃の接近方向の移動量に応じて、クリアランスを増加させるクリアランス調節機構と
を備えるせん断加工装置。
クリアランス調節機構は、上刃および下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて下刃を上刃から離隔させる、[11]に記載のせん断加工装置。
[13]クリアランス調節機構は、クリアランスを上刃および下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて連続的に増加させる、[11]または[12]に記載のせん断加工装置。
[14]クリアランス調節機構は、
上刃および下刃の相対移動方向に、上刃とともに一体で移動可能な第1傾斜面と、
第1傾斜面に摺接し、上刃および下刃の相対移動方向とは垂直な方向に、下刃とともに一体で移動可能な第2傾斜面と
を含み、
せん断加工装置は、第1傾斜面と第2傾斜面とが摺接していない状態において、クリアランスを保持するクリアランス保持機構をさらに備える、[13]に記載のせん断加工装置。
[16]クリアランス調節機構は、上刃および下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じてクリアランスを段階的に増加させる、[11]または[12]に記載のせん断加工装置。
[17]クリアランス調節機構は、上刃および下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて決定される単一のタイミングでクリアランスを増加させる、[11]または[12]に記載のせん断加工装置。
[18]クリアランス調節機構は、加工開始から加工終了までの上刃および下刃の相対移動量に対応する基準移動量の20%以上の移動量の範囲でクリアランスを増加させる、[11]から[17]のいずれかに記載のせん断加工装置。
[19]被加工材を搬送する搬送装置と、搬送装置の搬送経路に沿って配置され、被加工材に対するせん断加工を分担して行う複数のせん断加工装置とを備えたせん断加工設備であって、
複数のせん断加工装置のそれぞれは、下刃と、下刃に対して接近離間方向に移動可能であり、接近離間方向に垂直な方向では、クリアランスをもって下刃に対向する上刃とを備え、
複数のせん断加工装置は、搬送経路の上流から下流に向かうにしたがって、クリアランスが大きくなっていくように配置される
せん断加工設備。
なお、上記説明では、下刃21に対して上刃31が接近離間方向に相対移動するとして説明していたが、これに限らず、上刃31が固定され、下刃21が相対移動してもよく、上刃31および下刃21が互いに相対移動してもよい。
本実施形態では、図2Aの状態が、被加工材6の厚さ方向に垂直な面方向に作用点のクリアランスをもって、被加工材6にせん断力を作用することを開始する工程(加工開始)に相当する。
本実施形態では、図2Bおよび図2Cの状態が、せん断力を作用させることを開始した後、被加工材6に破断面が発生するまでせん断力を作用させる工程(加工終了)と、せん断力を作用させることを開始した後、被加工材6に破断面61が発生するまでの間に、被加工材6の厚さ方向の変形に応じて、クリアランスを増加する工程に相当する。
図4で説明した例では、下刃21が設けられた剛性の高いダイ2を、リニアカム機構5bによって、クリアランスが変化する方向に強制的に移動させることにより、クリアランスCを変化させていた。
これに対して、本例では、図5Aを参照すると、せん断加工装置1のダイ2は、ダイ本体2aと、弾性体5cを備え、剛性の低いダイ本体2aの下刃21を、弾性体5cで支持することにより、クリアランスが変化する方向の下刃21の逃げ方を制御するものである。
ダイ本体2aは、下刃21を含む上側部分における、クリアランスが変化する方向での厚さが、上下方向での他の部分より薄い肉薄部分を備えている。
弾性体5cは、パンチ3が被加工材6に接触している状態で、少なくともダイ本体2aの肉薄部分を支持する。
ダイ本体2aおよび弾性体5cは、必ずしも接合されている必要はなく、せん断力の非作用時に離間していてもよい。また、肉薄部分の厚さは上下方向で異なっていてもよい。
弾性体5cは、下刃21の延在方向に沿って連続する状態で配置されていればよい。
弾性体5cの上下方向の長さおよびクリアランス変化方向の長さは、たとえばホルダ4の配置との関係や弾性体5cの弾性率等に基づいて適宜設定される。
なお、ダイ本体2aが肉薄部分を備えない構成としてもよい。この場合は、ダイ本体2aの全体を、被加工材6の面方向に沿って移動自在に取り付け、弾性体5cが、ダイ2の移動を許容する状態で支持することになる。下刃21に作用する被加工材6の面方向の押圧力が徐々に増大するに伴って、ダイ本体2aの全体が被加工材6の面方向に沿って移動することで、下刃21が徐々に被加工材6の面方向の押圧力の向きに移動する。
また、弾性体5cに代えて、コイルばねや空気ばねを利用した機械的な弾性手段を用いてもよい。例えば、下刃21の裏面に下刃21を支持する支持部を設け、さらに支持部の移動ととともに駆動するカム機構、リンク機構等を設け、カム機構およびリンク機構が所定量だけ駆動したら、コイルばね、空気ばねに圧縮力を作用させ、下刃21の押圧力に対抗する弾性力をダイ本体2aに与えてもよい。
次に、パンチ3が下降を開始する前、下降を開始すると同時、または、下降を開始した後のいずれかのタイミングでダイ2に対してパンチ3が後退し、パンチ3が被加工材6の面に到達すると、パンチ3は図6の二点鎖線で示される位置に位置する。パンチ3が図6の二点鎖線で示される位置にあると、パンチ3がクリアランスC=c0を持った状態で被加工材6の上面と当接している。
すなわち、待機状態では、パンチ3はどの位置で待機していてもよく、パンチ3が駆動し、被加工材6の面に到達するまでにまたは到達すると同時に、パンチ3およびダイ2がクリアランスC=c0を確保できる位置となるように待機状態からのパンチ3の移動が完了すればよい。
なお、図6では、ダイ2に対して、パンチ3が移動する形で説明をしているが、ダイ2およびパンチ3の移動は、相対移動する場合を含むものであればよい。たとえば、パンチ3に対してダイ2が移動する場合であっても、ダイ2およびパンチ3の両者が移動する場合であってもよい。
搬送装置8は、ロボットアームや、ベルトコンベア等から構成され、せん断加工装置1Aからせん断加工装置1Cの順番で被加工材6を上流から下流に向かって搬送する。
せん断加工装置1Aでは、クリアランスがC=c0に設定されている。せん断加工装置1Bでは、せん断加工装置1Aのクリアランスよりも大きなクリアランスC=c1に設定されている。せん断加工装置1Cでは、せん断加工装置1Bのクリアランスよりも大きなクリアランスがC=c2に設定されている。
上記例では、せん断加工設備が、3台のせん断加工装置1A、1B、1Cを備えるものを例示したが、せん断加工設備がせん断加工装置を2台または4台以上備えていてもよい。なお、せん断加工装置を3台以上備える場合、せん断加工装置1Aに設定されたクリアランスC=c0、せん断加工装置1Bに設定されたクリアランスC=c1、せん断加工装置1Cに設定されたクリアランスC=c0を維持した状態で、被加工材6における他の部位の加工を行ってもよい。
比較例2では、始めからC/tが最大値の20%に増加するようにダイを固定している。
実施例10では、H/Hrefが32%のタイミングで、C/tが最大値の20%まで増加するようにダイを交換している。
一方、実施例11では、H/Hrefが64%のタイミングで、C/tが5%から20%まで増加するようにダイを交換している。
さらに、実施例12では、H/H_refが96%のタイミングで、C/tが5%から20%まで増加するようにダイを交換している。
まず、図17Aに示すように、パンチ3の上刃31による加工当初は、クリアランスC=c0の状態で被加工材6の加工が開始され、上刃31および下刃21の間に加工硬化領域R3Aが生じる。そのまま、上刃31が下降すると、図17Bに示すように、被加工材6に加工硬化領域R3Bが拡大する。
これにより、被加工材6の端部に加工硬化の領域がほとんど生じなくなるため、加工後の被加工材6は、加工硬化の影響を受けていない領域が破断面となり、開口率が大きくなる。
なお、図16から判るように、ダイ交換となるタイミングH/H_refが、破断面61が生じる直前に近ければ近いほど開口率が向上している。したがって、最もよいタイミングは、破断面61が生じる直前のタイミングで、クリアランスCを増加させるのがよいと推定される。
Claims (19)
- 板状の被加工材の厚さ方向にせん断力を作用させて前記被加工材を破断するせん断加工方法であって、
前記被加工材の厚さ方向に垂直な面方向に作用点のクリアランスをもって、前記被加工材にせん断力を作用させることを開始する工程と、
前記せん断力を作用させることを開始した後、前記被加工材に破断面が発生するまでせん断力を作用させる工程と、
前記せん断力を作用させることを開始した後、前記被加工材に破断面が発生するまでの間に、前記被加工材の厚さ方向の変形に応じて、前記クリアランスを増加させる工程と
を含む、せん断加工方法。 - 下刃と、前記下刃と前記被加工材の厚さ方向に相対的に移動可能な上刃とを備え、前記被加工材の面方向に沿った前記下刃および前記上刃のクリアランスが異なる複数のせん断加工装置により実施され、
前記クリアランスを増加させる工程は、前記複数のせん断加工装置のうち、クリアランスの小さなせん断加工装置から、クリアランスの大きなせん断加工装置の順に、前記被加工材にせん断力を作用させていく、
請求項1に記載のせん断加工方法。 - 前記被加工材の下面に当接する下刃と、前記被加工材の厚さ方向では前記下刃に対して相対的に移動可能な上刃とを備えた1台のせん断加工装置により実施され、
前記下刃を前記被加工材の下面に当接させる工程と、
前記被加工材の面方向に沿って前記下刃とクリアランスをもって前記上刃を前記被加工材の上面に当接するまで前記厚さ方向に移動させる工程と、
前記被加工材の上面に当接した前記上刃を、前記被加工材に破断面が発生するまでさらに前記被加工材の厚さ方向に移動させる工程と、
前記上刃が前記被加工材の上面に当接した後、前記破断面が発生するまでの間に、前記被加工材の厚さ方向における前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に応じて前記クリアランスを増加させる工程と
を含む、請求項1に記載のせん断加工方法。 - 前記下刃は、前記被加工材の面方向で前記上刃に対して相対的に移動可能であり、
前記クリアランスを増加させる工程は、前記被加工材の厚さ方向における前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に応じて前記下刃および前記上刃を相対的に離隔させる工程を
含む、請求項3に記載のせん断加工方法。 - 前記クリアランスを増加させる工程は、前記被加工材の厚さ方向における前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に応じて、前記クリアランスを連続的に増加させる工程を
含む、請求項3または4に記載のせん断加工方法。 - 前記クリアランスを増加させる工程は、前記被加工材の厚さ方向における前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に応じて、前記クリアランスを段階的に増加させる工程を
含む、請求項3または4に記載のせん断加工方法。 - 前記クリアランスを増加させる工程は、前記被加工材の厚さ方向における前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に応じて決定される単一のタイミングで前記クリアランスを増加させる工程を含む、請求項3または4に記載のせん断加工方法。
- 前記クリアランスを増加させる工程は、前記クリアランスが所定値に固定された場合に、前記上刃が前記被加工材の上面に当接してから前記破断面が発生するまでの前記被加工材の厚さ方向における前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に対応する基準移動量の20%以上の移動量の範囲で実行される、請求項3から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載のせん断加工方法。
- 前記被加工材は、引張強度が270MPa以上の鋼板である、請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載のせん断加工方法。
- 前記被加工材は、板厚が0.2mm以上、2mm以下の鋼板である、請求項1から請求項9のいずれか1項に記載のせん断加工方法。
- 下刃と、
前記下刃に対して接近離間方向に移動可能であり、前記接近離間方向に垂直な方向では、クリアランスをもって前記下刃に対向する上刃と、
前記上刃の接近方向の移動量に応じて、前記クリアランスを増加させるクリアランス調節機構と
を備えるせん断加工装置。 - 前記下刃は、前記上刃の接近離間方向に垂直な方向に相対的に移動可能であり、
前記クリアランス調節機構は、前記上刃および前記下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて前記下刃を前記上刃から離隔させる、請求項11に記載のせん断加工装置。 - 前記クリアランス調節機構は、前記クリアランスを前記上刃および前記下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて連続的に増加させる、請求項11または請求項12に記載のせん断加工装置。
- 前記クリアランス調節機構は、
前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動方向に、前記上刃とともに一体で移動可能な第1傾斜面と、
前記第1傾斜面に摺接し、前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動方向とは垂直な方向に、前記下刃とともに一体で移動可能な第2傾斜面と、
を含み、
前記せん断加工装置は、前記第1傾斜面と前記第2傾斜面とが摺接していない状態において、前記クリアランスを保持するクリアランス保持機構をさらに備える、請求項13に記載のせん断加工装置。 - 前記クリアランス調節機構は、前記上刃の接近方向の移動に伴って、前記上刃の接近方向に垂直な方向から前記下刃が受ける押圧力に対抗する弾性力を前記下刃に与える弾性手段を含む、請求項13に記載のせん断加工装置。
- 前記クリアランス調節機構は、前記上刃および前記下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて前記クリアランスを段階的に増加させる、請求項11または請求項12に記載のせん断加工装置。
- 前記クリアランス調節機構は、前記上刃および前記下刃の接近方向の相対移動量に応じて決定される単一のタイミングで前記クリアランスを増加させる、請求項11または請求項12に記載のせん断加工装置。
- 前記クリアランス調節機構は、加工開始から加工終了までの前記上刃および前記下刃の相対移動量に対応する基準移動量の20%以上の移動量の範囲で前記クリアランスを増加させる、請求項11から請求項17のいずれか1項に記載のせん断加工装置。
- 被加工材を搬送する搬送装置と、前記搬送装置の搬送経路に沿って配置され、前記被加工材に対するせん断加工を分担して行う複数のせん断加工装置とを備えたせん断加工設備であって、
前記複数のせん断加工装置のそれぞれは、下刃と、前記下刃に対して接近離間方向に移動可能であり、前記接近離間方向に垂直な方向では、クリアランスをもって前記下刃に対向する上刃とを備え、
前記複数のせん断加工装置は、前記搬送経路の上流から下流に向かうにしたがって、前記クリアランスが大きくなっていくように配置される
せん断加工設備。
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EP18775469.2A EP3603839A4 (en) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-03-20 | SHEARING METHOD, SHEARING DEVICE AND SHEARING SYSTEM |
CN201880015613.9A CN110382131A (zh) | 2017-03-27 | 2018-03-20 | 剪切加工方法、剪切加工装置以及剪切加工设备 |
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