WO2018163739A1 - アクリル繊維処理剤及びその用途 - Google Patents
アクリル繊維処理剤及びその用途 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018163739A1 WO2018163739A1 PCT/JP2018/005172 JP2018005172W WO2018163739A1 WO 2018163739 A1 WO2018163739 A1 WO 2018163739A1 JP 2018005172 W JP2018005172 W JP 2018005172W WO 2018163739 A1 WO2018163739 A1 WO 2018163739A1
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- treatment agent
- acetylene
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
- D06M15/6436—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain containing amino groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/02—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F6/18—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/325—Amines
- D06M13/342—Amino-carboxylic acids; Betaines; Aminosulfonic acids; Sulfo-betaines
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/643—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing silicon in the main chain
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2401/00—Physical properties
- D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
- D10B2401/063—Load-responsive characteristics high strength
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an acrylic fiber treating agent and its use. More specifically, the treatment agent used when producing the acrylic fiber, the acrylic fiber for producing carbon fiber using the treatment agent (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a precursor), and the carbon fiber using the treatment agent It relates to a manufacturing method.
- Carbon fibers are widely used for aerospace applications, sports applications, general industrial applications and the like as reinforcing fibers for composite materials with plastics called matrix resins, utilizing their excellent mechanical properties.
- a method for producing carbon fibers first, an acrylic fiber for producing carbon fibers (sometimes referred to as a precursor) is produced (this precursor production process may be referred to as a yarn-making process). This precursor is converted to flame-resistant fibers in an oxidizing atmosphere at 200 to 300 ° C. (this process may be referred to as a flame-resistant treatment process hereinafter), followed by carbonization in an inert atmosphere at 300 to 2000 ° C.
- the precursor is manufactured through a drawing process that is drawn at a high magnification even when compared with a normal acrylic fiber. At that time, the fibers tend to stick together and are not uniformly stretched at a high magnification, resulting in a non-uniform precursor.
- the carbon fiber obtained by firing such a precursor has a problem that sufficient strength cannot be obtained. Further, when the precursor is fired, there is a problem that the single fibers are fused with each other, and the quality and quality of the obtained carbon fibers are deteriorated.
- a silicone-based treating agent having a low fiber-to-fiber friction in a wet and high temperature environment and having excellent releasability particularly Many techniques have been proposed for imparting an amino-modified silicone treating agent that can further improve heat resistance by a crosslinking reaction by heat to a precursor (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 When a precursor produced by applying such a treatment agent is stored for a long period of time, there is a problem of causing deterioration of the precursor over time. Therefore, when carbon fiber is produced by firing a precursor that has been stored for a long period of time, there is a problem that fluff is generated in the firing step and the strength of the carbon fiber after firing is reduced.
- the object of the present invention is to treat acrylic fibers that can suppress deterioration of the acrylic fibers for carbon fiber production when the acrylic fibers for carbon fiber production produced by applying a treatment agent are stored for a long period of time.
- An agent, an acrylic fiber for producing carbon fiber using the treatment agent, and a method for producing carbon fiber using the treatment agent are provided.
- the present inventors have found that the deterioration when the precursor produced by applying the treatment agent is stored for a long time is attributed to the amino group of the amino-modified silicone contained in the treatment agent. And the penetration of the emulsifier used to emulsify the amino-modified silicone into the fiber. If the amino-modified silicone (A), the Bronsted acid compound (B), and the acetylene surfactant (C) are used in combination, the precursor is deteriorated due to the amino group and the emulsifier penetrates into the fiber. The inventors have found that the deterioration of the precursor can be suppressed, and have reached the present invention.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention contains an amino-modified silicone (A), a Bronsted acid compound (B), and an acetylene surfactant (C).
- the ratio of the Bronsted acid compound (B) to 0.01 mol of the amino group of the amino-modified silicone (A) is preferably 0.01 to 2.5 molar equivalents.
- the ratio of the acetylenic surfactant (C) to the amino-modified silicone (A) 100 parts by weight is preferably 0.1 to 12 parts by weight.
- the acetylene-based surfactant (C) is selected from acetylene alcohol (C1), acetylene diol (C2), a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol (C3), and a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene diol (C4).
- acetylene alcohol (C1) acetylene alcohol (C1), acetylene diol (C2), a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol (C3), and a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene diol (C4).
- C1 acetylene alcohol
- C3 acetylene diol
- C4 a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene diol
- the acetylene alcohol (C1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (1).
- the acetylene diol (C2) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (2).
- the compound (C3) obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to the acetylene alcohol is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (3).
- the compound (C4) obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to the acetylene diol is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (4).
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- AO is a carbon atom.
- n is a number of 1 to 50.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, m and n are each independently It is a number from 1 to 50.
- the weight ratio of the amino-modified silicone (A) in the nonvolatile content of the treatment agent is preferably 40 to 95% by weight.
- the treatment agent for acrylic fibers of the present invention preferably further contains polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D).
- the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) preferably contains a compound represented by the following general formula (5).
- R 8 represents an alkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms
- AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- j is independently a number of 1 to 50.
- the total ratio of the acetylenic surfactant (C) and the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) to 100 parts by weight of the amino-modified silicone (A) is preferably 5 to 50 parts by weight.
- the carbon fiber-producing acrylic fiber of the present invention is obtained by adhering the above-mentioned acrylic fiber treating agent to the raw acrylic fiber of the carbon fiber-producing acrylic fiber.
- the method for producing carbon fiber of the present invention comprises a spinning process in which the above fiber treatment agent is attached to a raw acrylic fiber for producing carbon fiber, and a flame resistant fiber in an oxidizing atmosphere at 200 to 300 ° C. And a carbonization treatment step of carbonizing the flameproof fiber in an inert atmosphere at 300 to 2000 ° C.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention can suppress deterioration of the acrylic fiber for carbon fiber production when the carbon fiber production acrylic fiber produced by applying the treatment agent is stored for a long period of time. If the acrylic fiber for carbon fiber production of the present invention is used, even if an acrylic fiber bundle stored for a long period of time is used, generation of fluff in the firing process can be suppressed, and high strength and high quality carbon fiber can be obtained. According to the carbon fiber manufacturing method of the present invention, even when an acrylic fiber bundle stored for a long period of time is used, generation of fluff in the firing step can be suppressed, and high-strength and high-quality carbon fibers can be obtained.
- the treatment agent of the present invention essentially contains an amino-modified silicone (A).
- the amino group (including an organic group having an amino group) that is a modified group of the amino-modified silicone may be bonded to the side chain of the silicone that is the main chain, or may be bonded to the terminal. It may be bonded to both, but is preferably bonded to a side chain (having an amino group in the side chain) from the viewpoint of fiber protection in the flameproofing treatment step.
- the amino group may be any of monoamine type, diamine type, and polyamine type, and both may coexist in one molecule. A monoamine type or a diamine type is preferable from the viewpoints of imparting it uniformly and protecting the fiber by forming a film of the treatment agent.
- the amino-modified silicone (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. of the amino-modified silicone (A) is preferably 50 to 30000 mm 2 / s from the viewpoint of exerting the effect of the present application.
- the kinematic viscosity is less than 50 mm 2 / s, the treatment agent is likely to be scattered, and when the aqueous emulsification is performed, the solution stability of the emulsion is deteriorated, and the treatment agent may not be uniformly applied to the fibers. . As a result, fiber fusion may not be prevented.
- the kinematic viscosity is more than 30000 mm 2 / s, gum-up due to adhesiveness may be a problem.
- the upper limit value of the kinematic viscosity is preferable in the order of 25000 mm 2 / s, 20000 mm 2 / s, 10000 mm 2 / s, 5000 mm 2 / s, 4000 mm 2 / s, 3000 mm 2 / s, and 2500 mm 2 / s.
- the amino equivalent of the amino-modified silicone (A) is preferably from 300 to 10,000 g / mol, more preferably from 500 to 10,000 g / mol, and even more preferably from 1,000 to 9000 g / mol from the viewpoint of preventing sticking and fusion between fibers.
- the amino equivalent is less than 300 g / mol, the treatment agent is thermally crosslinked at the initial stage of the flameproofing treatment step, and thus the treatment agent may not be uniformly applied to the inside of the fiber bundle.
- the amino equivalent is 10,000 g / mol or more, the fiber may not be protected because thermal crosslinking of the treatment agent does not occur later in the flameproofing treatment step.
- the amino equivalent means the mass of the siloxane skeleton per amino group or ammonium group.
- the notation unit g / mol is a value converted per 1 mol of amino group or ammonium group. Therefore, the smaller the amino equivalent value, the higher the ratio of amino groups or ammonium groups in the molecule.
- amino-modified silicone (A) a plurality of amino-modified silicones having different amino equivalents and different kinematic viscosities (25 ° C.) may be used in combination.
- the amino equivalent means the amino equivalent of the whole amino-modified silicone (mixture)
- the kinematic viscosity at 25 ° C. means the kinematic viscosity of the whole amino-modified silicone (mixture).
- Examples of the amino-modified silicone include compounds represented by the following general formula (6).
- R 9 represents an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 10 is a group represented by the following chemical formula (7).
- R 11 represents R 9 , R 10 or —OR 17 (R 17 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- P is 10 ⁇ p ⁇ 10000, and q is 0.1 ⁇ q ⁇ 1000.)
- R 9 represents an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 9 is preferably an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and still more preferably a methyl group.
- R ⁇ 9 > in Formula (6) may be the same, and may differ.
- R 10 is a group represented by the following general formula (7).
- R 11 is a group represented by R 9 , R 10 or —OR 17 , and preferably R 9 .
- R ⁇ 11 > in Formula (6) may be the same, and may differ.
- R 17 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
- p is a number of 10 to 10,000, preferably 50 to 5000, and more preferably 100 to 2000.
- q is a number of 0.1 to 1000, preferably 0.5 to 500, and more preferably 1 to 100.
- R 12 and R 14 are each independently an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
- R 13 , R 15 and R 16 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl group, preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, Preferably it is a hydrogen atom.
- r is a number from 0 to 6, preferably from 0 to 3, and more preferably from 0 to 1.
- the fiber treatment agent of this invention contains a Bronsted acid compound (B) essential.
- a Bronsted acid compound (B) refers to a proton donor, and examples thereof include carboxylic acid compounds, inorganic acids, sulfonic acid compounds, and phosphonic acid compounds.
- the Bronsted acid compound (B) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a carboxylic acid compound refers to a compound containing a carboxyl group in the molecular structure. Although it does not specifically limit as a carboxylic acid compound, Aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, aliphatic polycarboxylic acid, aromatic carboxylic acid, aromatic polycarboxylic acid, an amino acid, etc. are mentioned.
- Aliphatic monocarboxylic acids include acetic acid, lactic acid, butyric acid, crotonic acid, valeric acid, caproic acid, enanthic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, myristic acid, pentadecanoic acid, palmitic acid , Palmitoleic acid, isocetyl acid, margaric acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, isoeicosaic acid, gadoleic acid, eicosenoic acid, docosanoic acid, isodocosanoic acid, elca
- acids tetracosanoic acid, isotetracosanoic acid, nervonic acid, serotic acid, montanic acid, mel
- Aliphatic polycarboxylic acids include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, speric acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, undencanic acid, dodecanedioic acid, tridecanedioic acid, tetradecanedioic acid , Pentadecanedioic acid, polyoxyalkylene dicarboxylic acid, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether dicarboxylic acid and derivatives thereof.
- aromatic monocarboxylic acids examples include benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, naphthoic acid, toluic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- aromatic polycarboxylic acid examples include phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid and pyromellitic acid, and derivatives thereof.
- An amino acid is a compound having both an amino group and a carboxyl group in the molecular structure, and is alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, proline, glycine, tyrosine, serine, threonine, cysteine, asparagine, glutamine. Lysine, arginine, histidine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and the like.
- An inorganic acid refers to an acid containing a nonmetallic atom as a component.
- the inorganic acid include sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid and the like.
- the sulfonic acid compound include alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfonic acid, higher fatty acid amide sulfonic acid, alkyl sulfuric acid monoester, polyoxyalkylene sulfuric acid monoester and the like.
- Examples of the phosphonic acid compound include alkyl phosphonic acid, aromatic phosphonic acid, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether phosphonic acid, and alkyl phosphonic acid alkyl phosphoric acid monoester.
- the pKa of the Bronsted compound (B) is preferably 0 to 7, and more preferably 1 to 6.5 from the viewpoint of corrosion and safety of equipment and suppression of cross-linking over time due to the amino group of the amino-modified silicone. 2 to 6 are more preferable.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention essentially contains an acetylene surfactant (C).
- acetylene surfactant (C) By using the Bronsted acid compound (B) and the acetylene surfactant (C) in combination with the amino-modified silicone, it is possible to suppress cross-linking over time due to the amino group of the amino-modified silicone, It is speculated that the emulsifier during aqueous emulsification can be prevented from penetrating into the fiber structure, and as a result, the deterioration of the precursor fiber when the precursor fiber is stored for a long period of time can be suppressed.
- acetylene surfactant When other surfactants are used without using acetylene surfactant (C), the penetration of emulsifier into the fiber structure is suppressed even when Bronsted acid compound (B) is used. As a result, when carbon fiber is produced using the precursor fiber when the precursor fiber is stored for a long period of time, it is assumed that the strength decreases.
- the acetylene surfactant is a compound having a acetylene group and a hydrophilic group such as a hydroxyl group in the molecular structure.
- the acetylene-based surfactant (C) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the acetylene surfactant (C) is selected from acetylene alcohol (C1), acetylene diol (C2), a compound (C3) obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol, and a compound (C4) obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene diol.
- acetylene alcohol C1
- acetylene diol C2
- a compound (C3) obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol e.g., acetylene diol
- a compound (C3) obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol and a compound (C4) obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to acetylene diol are preferable, and a compound (C4) obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to acetylene diol is more preferable.
- Acetylene alcohol (C1) is a compound having an acetylene group and one hydroxyl group in the molecular structure.
- the acetylene alcohol (C1) is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (1).
- Acetylene diol (C2) is a compound having an acetylene group and two hydroxyl groups in the molecular structure.
- Acetylene diol (C2) is preferably a compound represented by the general formula (2).
- the compound (C3) obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol is a compound obtained by adding alkylene oxide to the hydroxyl group of acetylene alcohol.
- the compound (C3) obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylene alcohol is preferably a compound represented by the above general formula (3).
- the compound (C4) obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to acetylene diol is a compound obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to at least one hydroxyl group of acetylene diol.
- the compound (C4) obtained by adding alkylene oxide to acetylenic diol is preferably a compound represented by the above general formula (4).
- R 1 and R 2 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be linear or may have a branched structure.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 6 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group may be linear or may have a branched structure.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 7 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- R 7 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the alkyl group preferably has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 1 to 2 carbon atoms.
- AO represents an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms. That is, it represents an oxyethylene group, an oxypropylene group or an oxybutylene group.
- the oxyalkylene group an oxyethylene group and an oxypropylene group are preferable, and an oxyethylene group is more preferable.
- the number of AO constituting m may be one, or two or more. In the case of two or more types, any of a block adduct, an alternating adduct, and a random adduct may be used.
- n is a number from 1 to 50. n is preferably 1 to 45, more preferably 1 to 40, and still more preferably 1 to 35.
- m and n are each independently a number of 1 to 50. m and n are each independently preferably 1 to 45, more preferably 1 to 40, and still more preferably 1 to 35.
- the HLB of the acetylene surfactant (C) is preferably 4 to 25, more preferably 5 to 20, and further preferably 6 to 18 from the viewpoint of emulsification.
- the HLB in the present invention can be experimentally determined by the atlas method proposed by Griffin et al.
- the acetylene surfactant (C) is a known compound and can be easily produced by a known method.
- a compound can be obtained by a method called a Reppe reaction in which a ketone or an aldehyde is reacted with acetylene in the presence of a catalyst such as an alkali or a metal compound under pressure.
- the compound (C3) or the compound (C4) is an acetylene alcohol (C1) or acetylene diol (C2), and an alkylene oxide (for example, ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide) is converted to an alkali or metal compound catalyst. It can be obtained by addition polymerization in the presence.
- the acrylic fiber treating agent of the present invention contains the amino-modified silicone (A), Bronsted acid compound (B), and acetylene surfactant (C).
- the weight ratio of the amino-modified silicone (A) in the nonvolatile content of the treatment agent is preferably 40 to 95% by weight, more preferably 45 to 94% by weight, still more preferably 50 to 92% by weight, and particularly preferably 55 to 90%. % By weight.
- the weight ratio is less than 40% by weight, the heat resistance of the treatment agent may be insufficient in the flameproofing treatment step.
- the weight ratio exceeds 95% by weight, a stable aqueous emulsion may not be obtained when the treatment agent is water-based emulsified.
- the weight ratio of the acetylene surfactant (C) in the non-volatile content of the treatment agent is preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 15% by weight, and still more preferably 0.3 to 13% by weight. %, Particularly preferably 0.5 to 10% by weight. If the weight ratio is less than 0.1% by weight, it may not be possible to suppress the penetration of the emulsifier into the fiber structure. On the other hand, when the weight ratio exceeds 20% by weight, stable operability may not be obtained.
- the ratio of the acetylenic surfactant (C) is 0.1 to 12 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the amino-modified silicone (A).
- the ratio is preferably 0.2 to 11 parts by weight, more preferably 0.2 to 10 parts by weight, and still more preferably 0.5 to 8 parts by weight.
- this ratio is less than 0.1 part by weight, the penetration of the emulsifier into the fiber structure may not be suppressed.
- the ratio is more than 12 parts by weight, stable operability may not be obtained.
- the proportion of the Bronsted acid compound (B) is 0.01 to 2 with respect to 1 mol of the amino group of the amino-modified silicone (A) from the viewpoint of suppressing the cross-linking over time due to the amino group of the amino-modified silicone. .5 molar equivalents are preferred.
- the ratio is preferably 0.05 to 2.25 molar equivalent, more preferably 0.1 to 2.0 molar equivalent, and still more preferably 0.12 to 1.5 molar equivalent. When this ratio is less than 0.01 equivalent, the cross-linking over time due to the amino group of the amino-modified silicone may not be suppressed. On the other hand, when the ratio is more than 2.5 equivalents, gumming up in the process is promoted, and stable operability may not be obtained.
- polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) It is preferable that the processing agent of this invention contains polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) from the point which can improve emulsifiability.
- the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether is a compound having a structure in which an alkylene oxide is added to a saturated aliphatic alcohol.
- R 8 is an alkyl group
- AO is an oxy of 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
- An alkylene group, j is one or more.
- Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers (D) may be used singly or in combination of two or more.
- polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether examples include polyoxyethylene hexyl ether, polyoxyethylene heptyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl ether, polyoxyethylene decyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene tridecyl ether, polyoxyethylene Polyoxyalkylene linear alkyl ethers such as tetradecyl ether and polyoxyethylene cetyl ether; polyoxyalkylene branched primary alkyls such as polyoxyethylene 2-ethylhexyl ether, polyoxyethylene isocetyl ether and polyoxyethylene isostearyl ether Ether: polyoxyethylene 1-hexyl hexyl ether, polyoxyethylene 1-octyl hexyl ether, poly Xylethylene 1-hexyl octyl ether, polyoxyethylene 1-pentyl heptyl ether, polyoxyethylene 1-heptyl pentyl ether, polyoxyethylene
- the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) essentially contains the compound represented by the general formula (5) from the viewpoint of exerting the effect of the present application.
- R 8 is an alkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. If R 8 carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon group and R 8 other than the alkyl group of 22 than by polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether is tar in the oxidization step, drawback of precursor is converted to flame-resistant structure Thus, the strength of the carbon fiber may be reduced.
- R 8 preferably has 8 to 20 carbon atoms, more preferably 10 to 18 carbon atoms, and still more preferably 10 to 16 carbon atoms. The carbon number of R 8 may be distributed, and R 8 may be linear or branched.
- A represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms
- AO represents an oxyalkylene group. That is, it represents an oxyethylene group, an oxypropylene group or an oxybutylene group.
- the oxyalkylene group an oxyethylene group and an oxypropylene group are preferable, and an oxyethylene group is more preferable.
- J which is the number of repeating oxyalkylene groups, is a number of 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 40, more preferably 3 to 30.
- n is more than 30, when used in combination with the amino-modified silicone, the treatment agent may not be uniformly applied to the inside of the fiber bundle in the flameproofing treatment step, so that fusion may occur.
- the AO constituting the polyoxyalkylene group (AO) j may be one type or two or more types. In the case of two or more types, any of a block adduct, an alternating adduct, and a random adduct may be used. J in AO is the number of added moles of the oxyalkylene group.
- the weight ratio of the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) to the nonvolatile content of the treating agent is preferably 2 to 25% by weight. % By weight is more preferable, and 10 to 20% by weight is more preferable. When the weight ratio is less than 2% by weight, a stable aqueous emulsion may not be obtained when the treatment agent is water-based emulsified. On the other hand, when the weight ratio exceeds 25% by weight, the heat resistance of the treatment agent may be insufficient in the flameproofing treatment step.
- the total ratio of the acetylene surfactant (C) and the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) is 5 to 50 with respect to 100 parts by weight of the amino-modified silicone (A). It is preferable that it is a weight part. When the ratio is less than 5 parts by weight, the emulsion stability may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the weight part exceeds 50 parts by weight, stable operability may not be obtained.
- the acrylic fiber treating agent of the present invention may contain a surfactant other than the acetylene surfactant (C) and the polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Surfactants are used as emulsifiers, antistatic agents and the like.
- the surfactant is not particularly limited, and is a nonionic surfactant other than the acetylene surfactant (C) and polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D), an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and Known amphoteric surfactants can be appropriately selected and used.
- One type of surfactant may be used, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- nonionic surfactants other than the above acetylene surfactant (C) and polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) include polyoxyalkylene alkenyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene oleyl ether; polyoxyethylene octylphenyl ether Polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ethers such as polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether and polyoxyethylene dodecyl phenyl ether; polyoxyethylene tristyryl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene distyryl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene tri Polyoxya such as benzyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene dibenzyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene benzyl phenyl ether Xylene alkyl aryl phenyl ether; polyoxyethylene monolaurate, polyoxyethylene monooleate, polyoxyethylene monostearate, polyoxyethylene
- anionic surfactant examples include fatty acid salts such as sodium oleate, potassium palmitate, triethanolamine oleate; hydroxyl group-containing carboxylates such as potassium hydroxyacetate and potassium lactate; polyoxy Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether acetates such as ethylene tridecyl ether acetate sodium salt; Salts of carboxyl group polysubstituted aromatic compounds such as potassium trimellitic acid and potassium pyromellitic acid; Alkylbenzene sulfonates such as sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether sulfonates such as polyoxyethylene 2-ethylhexyl ether sulfonate potassium salt; stearoyl methyl taurine sodium, lauroyl methyl taurine sodium, milli Higher fatty acid amide sulfonates such as sodium toylmethyl taurate and sodium palmitoyl methyl taurate; N-acyl sarco
- cationic surfactant examples include lauryl trimethyl ammonium chloride, myristyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, palmityl trimethyl ammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, oleyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, behenyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, coconut oil alkyl trimethyl.
- Ammonium chloride beef tallow alkyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyltrimethylammonium bromide, coconut oil alkyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyltrimethylammonium methosulphate, oleyldimethylethylammonium ethosulphate, dioctyldimethylammonium chloride, di Alkyl quaternary ammonium salts such as uril dimethyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, octadecyl diethyl methyl ammonium sulfate; (polyoxyethylene) lauryl amino ether lactate, stearyl amino ether lactate, di (polyoxyethylene) lauryl Methylaminoether dimethyl phosphate, di (polyoxyethylene) laurylethylammonium ethosulphate, di (polyoxyethylene) -cured tallow alkylethylamine ethosulphate, di (
- amphoteric surfactants examples include 2-undecyl-N, N- (hydroxyethylcarboxymethyl) -2-imidazoline sodium and 2-cocoyl-2-imidazolinium hydroxide-1-carboxyethyloxy disodium salt.
- Imidazoline-based amphoteric surfactants 2-heptadecyl-N-carboxymethyl-N-hydroxyethylimidazolium betaine, lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, alkylbetaines, amide betaines, sulfobetaines, and other betaine-based amphoteric surfactants; N- Examples include amino acid type amphoteric surfactants such as lauryl glycine, N-lauryl ⁇ -alanine, N-stearyl ⁇ -alanine.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention may contain other components other than the above-described components as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- Other components include acid phosphate esters, phenolic, amine-based, sulfur-based, phosphorus-based and quinone-based antioxidants; sulfates of higher alcohols and higher alcohol ethers, sulfonates, higher alcohols and higher alcohols
- Antistatic agents such as phosphate salts of alcohol ethers, quaternary ammonium salt type cationic surfactants, amine salt type cationic surfactants; smoothing agents such as alkyl esters of higher alcohols, higher alcohol ethers, waxes, etc.
- the treatment agent of the present invention may contain a modified silicone other than the amino-modified silicone as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- modified silicone include amino polyether-modified silicone, amide-modified silicone, amide-polyether-modified silicone, epoxy-modified silicone, polyether-modified silicone, epoxy-polyether-modified silicone (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 4616934), carbinol-modified silicone. Alkyl-modified silicone, phenol-modified silicone, methacrylate-modified silicone, alkoxy-modified silicone, fluorine-modified silicone, and the like. One type of modified silicone may be used, or a plurality of modified silicones may be used in combination.
- amino-modified silicone (A), Bronsted acid compound (B) and acetylene surfactant (C), and if necessary, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D) are dissolved in water.
- a solubilized, emulsified or dispersed state is preferred.
- the weight ratio of water and the weight ratio of non-volatile content in the entire acrylic fiber treatment agent are just to determine suitably in consideration of the transport cost at the time of transporting the acrylic fiber processing agent of this invention, the handleability etc. resulting from emulsion viscosity, etc.
- the weight ratio of water in the entire acrylic fiber treating agent is preferably 0.1 to 99.9% by weight, more preferably 10 to 99.5% by weight, and particularly preferably 50 to 99% by weight.
- the weight ratio (concentration) of the nonvolatile component in the entire acrylic fiber treatment agent is preferably 0.01 to 99.9% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 90% by weight, and particularly preferably 1 to 50% by weight.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention can be produced by mixing the components described above.
- the method for emulsifying and dispersing the components described above is not particularly limited, and a known method can be employed. As such a method, for example, each component constituting the acrylic fiber treatment agent is put into warm water under stirring and emulsified and dispersed, or each component constituting the acrylic fiber treatment agent is mixed, and then homogenizer, homogenizer is mixed. Examples include a method of phase inversion emulsification by gradually adding water while applying mechanical shearing force using a mixer, a ball mill, or the like.
- the acrylic fiber treating agent of the present invention can be suitably used as a treating agent (precursor treating agent) for acrylic fibers (precursor) for producing carbon fibers. You may use as spinning oil agent of acrylic fibers other than a precursor.
- the viscosity at 25 ° C. of the non-volatile content of the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention is preferably 10 to 50000 mPa ⁇ s from the viewpoint of imparting good fiber bundle convergence in the precursor yarn-making process and the flameproofing process, and the viscosity is 10 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity is 10 mPa ⁇ s.
- the viscosity exceeds 50000 mPa ⁇ s, the viscosity of the treating agent becomes too high and the handling property of the treating agent deteriorates even if good fiber bundle convergence in the precursor yarn forming process and the flameproofing process can be imparted.
- the viscosity is preferably 10 to 25000 mPa ⁇ s, 10 to 15000 mPa ⁇ s, 10 to 10000 mPa ⁇ s, 10 to 5000 mPa ⁇ s, and 50 to 1000 mPa ⁇ s in this order.
- the acrylic fiber for carbon fiber production (precursor) of the present invention is produced by attaching the above-mentioned acrylic fiber treatment agent to the precursor acrylic fiber of the precursor.
- the method for producing a precursor according to the present invention includes a yarn production step in which the acrylic fiber treatment agent is attached to the raw material acrylic fiber of the precursor to produce a yarn.
- the carbon fiber production method of the present invention includes a spinning process in which the acrylic fiber treatment agent is attached to the precursor acrylic fiber of the precursor to produce the precursor, and the precursor produced in the spinning process is oxidized at 200 to 300 ° C.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention since the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention is used, the treatment agent can be uniformly applied to the inside of the fiber bundle at the initial stage of the flame resistance treatment step, and the flame resistance is improved. Since the treatment agent can be made into a film at a later stage of the treatment process to protect the fiber, fusion between fibers and generation of fluff can be suppressed, and high-quality carbon fiber can be produced.
- the yarn making process is a process of making a precursor by attaching an acrylic fiber treatment agent to the precursor raw acrylic fiber, and includes an adhesion treatment process and a stretching process.
- the adhesion treatment process is a process of adhering the acrylic fiber treatment agent after spinning the precursor raw acrylic fiber. That is, the acrylic fiber treatment agent is adhered to the precursor raw acrylic fiber in the adhesion treatment step.
- the precursor raw acrylic fiber is stretched immediately after spinning, and the high-strength stretching after the adhesion treatment step is particularly called a “stretching step”.
- the stretching process may be a wet heat stretching method using high temperature steam or a dry heat stretching method using a hot roller.
- the precursor is composed of acrylic fibers mainly composed of polyacrylonitrile obtained by copolymerizing at least 95 mol% or more of acrylonitrile and 5 mol% or less of the flame resistance promoting component.
- the flame resistance promoting component a vinyl group-containing compound having copolymerizability with acrylonitrile can be suitably used.
- the fineness of the single fiber of the precursor is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 2.0 dTex from the balance between performance and production cost.
- the number of single fibers constituting the precursor fiber bundle is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1,000 to 96,000 from the balance between performance and production cost.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent may be attached to the precursor raw acrylic fiber at any stage of the yarn-making process, but it is preferably attached once before the drawing process. It may be attached at any stage before the stretching process, for example, immediately after spinning. Further, it may be reattached at any stage after the stretching process, for example, it may be reattached immediately after the stretching process, it may be reattached at the winding stage, or it may be reattached immediately before the flameproofing process. You may let them. As for the attachment method, it may be attached using a roller or the like, or may be attached by a dipping method, a spray method or the like.
- the application rate of the acrylic fiber treatment agent has the effect of preventing fiber-to-fiber sticking and prevention of fusion, and the carbonization treatment process prevents the deterioration of the quality of the carbon fiber due to the tar product of the treatment agent.
- it is preferably 0.1 to 2% by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5% by weight, based on the weight of the precursor.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent covers more than necessary between the single fibers, so that the supply of oxygen to the fibers is hindered in the flameproofing treatment step, and thus obtained.
- the strength of the carbon fiber may decrease.
- the provision rate of an acrylic fiber processing agent here is defined with the percentage of the non volatile matter weight to which the acrylic fiber processing agent adhered with respect to the precursor weight.
- the flameproofing treatment step is a step of converting the precursor with the acrylic fiber treating agent attached thereto into flameproofing fibers in an oxidizing atmosphere at 200 to 300 ° C.
- the oxidizing atmosphere is usually an air atmosphere.
- the temperature of the oxidizing atmosphere is preferably 230 to 280 ° C.
- the acrylic fiber after the adhesion treatment is applied for 20 to 100 minutes (preferably 30 minutes) while applying a tension of a stretch ratio of 0.90 to 1.10 (preferably 0.95 to 1.05). Heat treatment is performed for ⁇ 60 minutes.
- a flameproof fiber having a flameproof structure is produced through intramolecular cyclization and oxygen addition to the ring.
- the carbonization treatment step is a step of carbonizing the flameproof fiber in an inert atmosphere of 300 to 2000 ° C.
- a tension of 0.95 to 1.15 is applied to the flame resistant fiber in a firing furnace having a temperature gradient from 300 ° C. to 800 ° C. in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon.
- first carbonization treatment step it is preferable to carry out a pre-carbonization treatment step (first carbonization treatment step) by applying heat treatment for several minutes while applying.
- a tension ratio of 0.95 to 1.05 is applied to the first carbonization treatment step in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon.
- the maximum temperature is preferably set to 1000 ° C. or higher (preferably 1000 to 2000 ° C.) while applying a temperature gradient. This maximum temperature is appropriately selected and determined according to the required characteristics (tensile strength, elastic modulus, etc.) of the desired carbon fiber.
- a graphitization treatment step can be performed subsequent to the carbonization treatment step.
- the graphitization treatment step is usually performed at a temperature of 2000 to 3000 ° C. while applying tension to the fiber obtained in the carbonization treatment step in an inert atmosphere such as nitrogen or argon.
- the carbon fiber thus obtained can be subjected to a surface treatment for increasing the adhesive strength with the matrix resin when made into a composite material, depending on the purpose.
- a surface treatment method gas phase or liquid phase treatment can be adopted, and from the viewpoint of productivity, liquid phase treatment with an electrolytic solution of acid, alkali or the like is preferable.
- various sizing agents having excellent compatibility with the matrix resin can be added to improve the processability and handleability of the carbon fiber.
- ⁇ Application rate of treatment agent> The precursor after application of the treatment agent was alkali-melted with potassium hydroxide / sodium butyrate, dissolved in water, and adjusted to pH 1 with hydrochloric acid. This was added with sodium sulfite and ammonium molybdate to develop a color, and colorimetric determination (wavelength 815 m ⁇ ) of silicomomolybdenum blue was performed to determine the silicon content.
- the application rate (% by weight) of the acrylic fiber treatment agent was calculated using the silicon content obtained here and the value of the silicon content in the treatment agent obtained in advance by the same method.
- ⁇ Precursor strand hardness> The hardness of the precursor strand (length: about 50 cm) was measured with a texture tester (HANDLE-O-METERHOM-2, manufactured by Daiei Scientific Instruments Co., Ltd., slit width 5 mm). In addition, the measurement was performed 10 times, and it was judged that the precursor strand was more flexible as the average value was smaller. In the evaluation, a precursor immediately after production (within 7 days after production) and a precursor stored for 12 months at room temperature after production (indicated as “after storage” in the table) were used.
- ⁇ Abrasion resistance> Using a TM-type friction conjugation force tester TM-200 (manufactured by Daiei Kagaku Seiki Co., Ltd.), the precursor strand (12K) is rubbed 1000 times with a tension of 50 g through three mirror-finished chrome-plated stainless needles arranged in a zigzag (reciprocating motion). The speed of the precursor strand was determined visually according to the following criteria. In the evaluation, a precursor immediately after production (within 7 days after production) and a precursor stored for 12 months at room temperature after production were used. ⁇ : No fluffing was observed as before rubbing ⁇ : Several fluffs were seen but good scratch resistance ⁇ : Slightly fuzzed and slightly inferior in scratch resistance ⁇ : Many fuzzed and marked single yarn breakage Seen poor scratch resistance
- Carbon fiber strength Measurement was performed according to the epoxy resin impregnated strand method specified in JIS-R-7601, and the average value of 10 measurements was defined as the carbon fiber strength (GPa). In the evaluation, a precursor immediately after production (within 7 days after production) and a precursor stored at room temperature for 12 months after production were used.
- Example 1 Amino-modified silicone aqueous emulsion obtained by mixing amino-modified silicone A1, Bronsted acid compound B1, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether D1 and water so as to have a non-volatile composition of the treating agent shown in Table 1 and water-based emulsification.
- Acetylene-based surfactant C1 is added to the product, the weight percentage of amino-modified silicone A1 in the non-volatile content of the treatment agent is 80% by weight, the weight percentage of Bronsted acid compound B1 is 0.7% by weight, acetylene-based surfactant A treating agent (precursor treating agent) in which the weight ratio of the agent C1 was 2% by weight and the weight ratio of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether D1 was 17.3% by weight was prepared. The non-volatile concentration of the treatment agent was 20% by weight. Subsequently, the prepared treating agent was further diluted with water to obtain a treating liquid having a nonvolatile content concentration of 3.0% by weight.
- the treatment solution was attached to a precursor raw material acrylic fiber obtained by copolymerizing 97 mol% acrylonitrile and 3 mol% itaconic acid so that the application rate was 1.0%, and a stretching step (steam stretching, stretching ratio). 2.1 times) to prepare a precursor (single fiber fineness 0.8 dtex, 24,000 filaments).
- the precursor was flameproofed in a flameproofing furnace at 250 ° C. for 60 minutes and then baked in a carbonization furnace having a temperature gradient of 300 to 1400 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere to convert into carbon fibers. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of the characteristic values.
- Example 1 the precursor and carbon fiber after the treatment agent was adhered were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the treatment liquid was adjusted so as to have a nonvolatile composition of treatment agents shown in Tables 2 to 4. The evaluation results of each characteristic value are shown in Tables 1 to 4.
- Carboxylic acid compound B1 Acetic acid carboxylic acid compound B2: Benzoic acid carboxylic acid compound B3: Arginine carboxylic acid compound B4: Phosphoric acid
- Acetylene-based surfactant C2: 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol ethylene oxide 5-mole adduct (in the formula (4), R 3 and R 5 are both methyl groups) R 4 and R 6 are both isobutyl groups, R 7 is a hydrogen atom, AO is ethylene oxide, and n + m 5.
- Acetylene-based surfactant C3 3,6-dimethyl-4-octyne-3,6-dio
- Polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether (D)> Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether D1: Alkyl ether having 12 to 14 carbon atoms to which 5 moles of oxyethylene groups have been added Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether D2: Alkyl ether having 12 to 14 carbon atoms to which 7 moles of oxyethylene groups have been added Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether D3: alkyl ether having 12 to 14 carbon atoms to which 9 mol of oxyethylene group is added
- the numerical value in parentheses of the Bronsted acid compound (B) indicates the molar equivalent of the Bronsted acid compound (B) with respect to 1 mol of the amino group of the amino-modified silicone (A).
- the numerical value in parentheses of the acetylene surfactant (C) indicates the weight ratio of the acetylene surfactant (C) when the amino-modified silicone (A) is 100 parts by weight.
- the numerical values in parentheses after storage of strand hardness and carbon fiber strength indicate the rate of change relative to the numerical values immediately after production.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the example was compared with the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the comparative example not containing the Bronsted acid compound (B) and / or the acetylene surfactant (C).
- the acrylic fibers for producing carbon fibers are excellent in suppressing deterioration over time.
- the acrylic fiber treatment agent of the present invention is a treatment agent used when producing an acrylic fiber for producing carbon fibers, and is useful for producing high-quality carbon fibers.
- the acrylic fiber for producing carbon fiber of the present invention is treated with the treatment agent of the present invention and is useful for producing high-quality carbon fiber.
- High quality carbon fibers can be obtained by the carbon fiber manufacturing method of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
炭素繊維を製造する方法としては、まず炭素繊維製造用アクリル繊維(プレカーサーということがある)を製造する(このプレカーサーの製造工程を製糸工程と称することがある)。このプレカーサーを200~300℃の酸化性雰囲気中で耐炎化繊維に転換し(この工程を以下、耐炎化処理工程と称することがある)、続いて300~2000℃の不活性雰囲気中で炭素化する(この工程を以下、炭素化処理工程と称することがある)方法が一般的である(以下、耐炎化処理工程と炭素化処理工程をあわせて、焼成工程と称することがある)。このプレカーサーの製造には通常のアクリル繊維と比較しても高倍率に延伸される延伸工程を経る。その際、繊維同士の膠着が起こり易く、均一に高倍率延伸が行われない為に、不均一なプレカーサーとなる。この様なプレカーサーを焼成して得られる炭素繊維は十分な強度が得られないという問題がある。また、プレカーサーの焼成時には、単繊維同士の融着が発生し、得られた炭素繊維の品質、品位を低下させるという問題がある。
このような処理剤を付与し製造されたプレカーサーを長期間保存した際、プレカーサーの経時劣化を引き起こす問題があった。そのため、長期間保存したプレカーサーを焼成して炭素繊維を製造した場合、焼成工程で毛羽が発生し、焼成後の炭素繊維強度が低下する等の問題があった。
本発明の処理剤は、アミノ変性シリコーン(A)を必須に含有する。アミノ変性シリコーンの変性基であるアミノ基(アミノ基を有する有機基を含む)は、主鎖であるシリコーンの側鎖と結合していてもよいし、末端と結合していてもよいし、また両方と結合していてもよいが、耐炎化処理工程での繊維保護の観点から、側鎖と結合している(側鎖にアミノ基を有する)方が好ましい。また、そのアミノ基は、モノアミン型、ジアミン型、ポリアミン型のいずれであってもよく、1分子中に両者が併存していてもよいが、耐炎化処理工程で繊維束内部にまで処理剤を均一に付与し、かつ、処理剤を皮膜化させて繊維を保護する点から、モノアミン型又はジアミン型が好ましい。アミノ変性シリコーン(A)は、一種単独でもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
R17は、水素原子又は炭素数が1~6のアルキル基であり、好ましくは水素原子又は炭素数1~4のアルキル基であり、さらに好ましくは水素原子又はメチル基である。pは、10~10000の数であり、好ましくは50~5000であり、さらに好ましくは100~2000である。qは、0.1~1000の数であり、好ましくは0.5~500であり、さらに好ましくは1~100である。
本発明の繊維処理剤は、ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)を必須に含有する。ブレンステッド酸(B)を用いない場合、必須成分であるアセチレン系界面活性剤(C)を用いた場合であっても、アミノ変性シリコーンのアミノ基に起因する経時的な架橋の抑制ができない。ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)とはプロトン供与体をいい、カルボン酸化合物、無機酸、スルホン酸化合物、ホスホン酸化合物等が挙げられる。ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)は、一種単独でもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
スルホン酸化合物としては、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルスルホン酸、高級脂肪酸アミドスルホン酸、アルキル硫酸モノエステル、ポリオキシアルキレン硫酸モノエステル等が挙げられる。
ホスホン酸化合物としては、アルキルホスホン酸、芳香族ホスホン酸、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルホスホン酸、アルキルホスホン酸アルキルリン酸モノエステル等が挙げられる。
本発明のアクリル繊維処理剤は、アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)を必須に含有する。アミノ変性シリコーンに対して、ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)及びアセチレン系界面活性剤(C)を併用することにより、アミノ変性シリコーンのアミノ基に起因する経時的な架橋の抑制と、アミノ変性シリコーンを水系乳化する際の乳化剤が繊維構造内部に浸透することを抑制でき、その結果、プレカーサー繊維を長期間保存した際のプレカーサー繊維の劣化を抑制できるものと推測する。アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)を使用せずに、他の界面活性剤を用いた場合、ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)を用いた場合であっても、乳化剤の繊維構造内部への浸透を抑制することができず、その結果、プレカーサー繊維を長期間保存した際のプレカーサー繊維を用いて炭素繊維を製造すると、その強度は低下してしまうと推測する。なお、アセチレン系界面活性剤とは、分子構造中にアセチレン基と水酸基等の親水基を有する化合物をいう。アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)は一種単独でもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
アセチレンアルコール(C1)は、上記一般式(1)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
アセチレンジオール(C2)は、上記一般式(2)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
アセチレンアルコールにアルキレンオキサイドを付加した化合物(C3)とは、上記一般式(3)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
アセチレンジオールにアルキレンオキサイドを付加した化合物(C4)は、上記一般式(4)で表される化合物であることが好ましい。
式(2)及び(4)中、R3、R4、R5及びR6は、それぞれ独立して炭素数1~8のアルキル基である。当該アルキル基は直鎖でもよく、分岐構造を有していてもよい。当該アルキル基の炭素数は、好ましくは1~7、より好ましくは1~6、さらに好ましくは1~5である。
式(3)及び式(4)中、AOは炭素数2~4のオキシアルキレン基を示す。つまり、オキシエチレン基、オキシプロピレン基又はオキシブチレン基を示す。オキシアルキレン基としては、オキシエチレン基、オキシプロピレン基が好ましく、オキシエチレン基がさらに好ましい。(AO)n又は(AO)mを構成するAOは、1種でもよく、2種以上であってもよい。2種以上の場合、ブロック付加体、交互付加体、ランダム付加体のいずれであってもよい。
式(4)中、m、nはそれぞれ独立して1~50の数である。m、nは、それぞれ独立して、1~45が好ましく、1~40がより好ましく、1~35がさらに好ましい。
また、上記の化合物(C3)又は化合物(C4)は、それぞれ、アセチレンアルコール(C1)又はアセチレンジオール(C2)にアルキレンオキサイド(例えばエチレンオキサイド及び/又はプロピレンオキサイド)をアルカリや金属化合物などの触媒の存在下で付加重合させることにより得ることができる。
本発明のアクリル繊維用処理剤は、上記のアミノ変性シリコーン(A)、ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)及びアセチレン系界面活性剤(C)を含むものである。
処理剤の不揮発分に占めるアミノ変性シリコーン(A)の重量割合は、好ましくは40~95重量%、より好ましくは45~94重量%、さらに好ましくは50~92重量%、特に好ましくは55~90重量%である。該重量割合が40重量%未満の場合、耐炎化処理工程で処理剤の耐熱性が不足する場合がある。一方、該重量割合が95重量%超の場合、処理剤を水系乳化した際に安定な水系乳化物を得ることができない場合がある。
本発明の処理剤は、乳化性を高めることができる点から、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル(D)を含有することが好ましい。なお、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテルとは、飽和脂肪族アルコールにアルキレンオキサイドが付加した構造を持つ化合物であり、上記一般式(5)において、R8がアルキル基、AOは炭素数2~4のオキシアルキレン基、jは1以上の数のものをいう。ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル(D)は、一種単独でもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
本発明のアクリル繊維処理剤は、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、上記アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)とポリオキアルキレンアルキルエーテル(D)以外の界面活性剤を含有してもよい。界面活性剤は、乳化剤、制電剤等として使用される。界面活性剤としては、特に限定されず、上記アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)とポリオキアルキレンアルキルエーテル(D)以外の非イオン性界面活性剤、アニオン性界面活性剤、カチオン性界面活性剤及び両性界面活性剤から、公知のものを適宜選択して使用することができる。界面活性剤は、1種でもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
本発明のアクリル繊維処理剤は、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、上記した成分以外の他の成分を含有してもよい。他の成分としては、酸性リン酸エステル、フェノール系、アミン系、硫黄系、リン系、キノン系等の酸化防止剤;高級アルコール・高級アルコールエーテルの硫酸エステル塩、スルホン酸塩、高級アルコール・高級アルコールエーテルのリン酸エステル塩、第4級アンモニウム塩型カチオン系界面活性剤、アミン塩型カチオン系界面活性剤等の制電剤;高級アルコールのアルキルエステル、高級アルコールエーテル、ワックス類等の平滑剤;抗菌剤;防腐剤;防錆剤;および吸湿剤等が挙げられる。
アクリル繊維処理剤全体に占める水の重量割合、不揮発分の重量割合については、特に限定はない。例えば、本発明のアクリル繊維処理剤を輸送する際の輸送コストや、エマルジョン粘度に因るところの取扱い性等を考慮して適宜決定すればよい。アクリル繊維処理剤全体に占める水の重量割合は、0.1~99.9重量%が好ましく、10~99.5重量%がさらに好ましく、50~99重量%が特に好ましい。アクリル繊維処理剤全体に占める不揮発分の重量割合(濃度)は、0.01~99.9重量%が好ましく、0.5~90重量%がさらに好ましく、1~50重量%が特に好ましい。
本発明の炭素繊維製造用アクリル繊維(プレカーサー)は、プレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維に上記のアクリル繊維処理剤を付着させて製糸したものである。本発明のプレカーサーの製造方法は、プレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維に上記のアクリル繊維処理剤を付着させて製糸する製糸工程を含むものである。
本発明の炭素繊維の製造方法は、プレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維に上記のアクリル繊維処理剤を付着させて、プレカーサーを製糸する製糸工程と、その製糸工程で製造されたプレカーサーを200~300℃の酸化性雰囲気中で耐炎化繊維に転換する耐炎化処理工程と、前記耐炎化繊維をさらに300~2000℃の不活性雰囲気中で炭化させる炭素化処理工程とを含むものである。
本発明の炭素繊維の製造方法によれば、本発明のアクリル繊維処理剤を用いているので、耐炎化処理工程の初期で繊維束内部にまで処理剤を均一に付与することができ、耐炎化処理工程の後期で処理剤を皮膜化させて繊維保護することができるため、繊維間の融着や毛羽発生を抑制でき高品質の炭素繊維を製造できる。
付着処理工程は、プレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維を紡糸した後、アクリル繊維処理剤を付着させる工程である。つまり、付着処理工程でプレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維にアクリル繊維処理剤を付着させる。またこのプレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維は紡糸直後から延伸されるが、付着処理工程後の高倍率延伸を特に「延伸工程」と呼ぶ。延伸工程は高温水蒸気をもちいた湿熱延伸法でもよいし、熱ローラーをもちいた乾熱延伸法でもよい。
処理剤付与後のプレカーサーを水酸化カリウム/ナトリウムブチラートでアルカリ溶融した後、水に溶解して塩酸でpH1に調整した。これを亜硫酸ナトリウムとモリブデン酸アンモニウムを加えて発色させ、ケイモリブデンブルーの比色定量(波長815mμ)を行い、ケイ素の含有量を求めた。ここで求めたケイ素含有量と予め同法で求めた処理剤中のケイ素含有量の値を用いて、アクリル繊維処理剤の付与率(重量%)を算出した。
炭素繊維から無作為に20カ所を選び、そこから長さ10mmの短繊維を切り出し、その融着状態を観察し、下記の評価基準で判定した。
◎:融着無し
○:ほぼ融着無し
△:融着少ない
×:融着多い
プレカーサーストランド(長さ:約50cm)の硬度を、風合い試験機(HANDLE-O-METERHOM-2 大栄科学精器製作所(株)製、スリット幅5mm)で測定した。なお、測定は10回行い、その平均値が小さいほど、プレカーサーストランドが柔軟であると判断した。評価に際しては、製造直後(製造後7日以内)のプレカーサー、製造後常温で12ヶ月保管した(表では保管後と表記)プレカーサーを用いた。
TM式摩擦抱合力試験機TM-200(大栄科学精機社製)により、ジグザクに配置した鏡面クロムメッキステンレス針3本を介して50gの張力でプレカーサーストランド(12K)を1000回擦過させ(往復運動速度300回/分)、プレカーサーストランドの毛羽立ちの状態を下記基準で目視判定した。評価に際しては、製造直後(製造後7日以内)のプレカーサーと、製造後、常温で12ヶ月保管したプレカーサーを用いた。
◎:擦過前と同じく毛羽発生が全く見られない
○:数本の毛羽が見られるが耐擦過性良好
△:毛羽立ちがやや多く若干耐擦過性に劣る
×:毛羽立ちが多く、著しい単糸切れが見られる 耐擦過性不良
JIS-R-7601に規定されているエポキシ樹脂含浸ストランド法に準じ測定し、測定回数10回の平均値を炭素繊維強度(GPa)とした。評価に際しては、製造直後(製造後7日以内)のプレカーサー、製造後常温で12ヶ月保管したプレカーサーを用いた。
表1に示す処理剤の不揮発分組成になるように、アミノ変性シリコーンA1、ブレンステッド酸化合物B1、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルD1及び水を混合して水系乳化し、得られたアミノ変性シリコーン水系乳化物にアセチレン系界面活性剤C1を添加し、処理剤の不揮発分に占めるアミノ変性シリコーンA1の重量割合が80重量%、ブレンステッド酸化合物B1の重量割合が0.7重量%、アセチレン系界面活性剤C1の重量割合が2重量%、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルD1の重量割合が17.3重量%である処理剤(プレカーサー処理剤)を調製した。なお、処理剤の不揮発分濃度は20重量%とした。
次いで、調整した処理剤をさらに水で希釈し、不揮発分濃度が3.0重量%である処理液を得た。
処理液を97モル%のアクリロニトリルと3モル%のイタコン酸を共重合させて得られるプレカーサーの原料アクリル繊維に、付与率1.0%となるように付着し、延伸工程(スチーム延伸、延伸倍率2.1倍)を経てプレカーサーを作製した(単繊維繊度0.8dtex,24,000フィラメント)。このプレカーサーを250℃の耐炎化炉にて60分間耐炎化処理し次いで窒素雰囲気下300~1400℃の温度勾配を有する炭素化炉で焼成して炭素繊維に転換した。各特性値の評価結果を表1に示す。
実施例1において、表2~4に示す処理剤の不揮発分組成になるように処理液を調整した以外は実施例1と同様にして、処理剤付着後のプレカーサーおよび炭素繊維を得た。各特性値の評価結果を表1~4に示す。
<アミノ変性シリコーン(A)>
アミノ変性シリコーンA1(25℃粘度:250mm2/s、アミノ当量:7600g/mol、ジアミン型)
アミノ変性シリコーンA2(25℃粘度:1300mm2/s、アミノ当量:1700g/mol、ジアミン型)
アミノ変性シリコーンA3(25℃粘度:1700mm2/s、アミノ当量:3800g/mol、モノアミン型)
アミノ変性シリコーンA4(25℃粘度:20000mm2/s、アミノ当量:1800g/mol、ジアミン型)
アミノ変性シリコーンA5(25℃粘度:1500mm2/s、アミノ当量:3800g/mol、ジアミン型)
カルボン酸化合物B1:酢酸
カルボン酸化合物B2:安息香酸
カルボン酸化合物B3:アルギニン
カルボン酸化合物B4:リン酸
アセチレン系界面活性剤C1:2,4,7,9-テトラメチル-5-デシン-4,7-ジオールのエチレンオキサイド20モル付加物(式(4)において、R3、R5がともにメチル基、R4、R6がともにイソブチル基、R7が水素原子、AOがエチレンオキサイドであり、n+m=20である。)
アセチレン系界面活性剤C2:2,4,7,9-テトラメチル-5-デシン-4,7-ジオールのエチレンオキサイド5モル付加物(式(4)において、R3、R5がともにメチル基、R4、R6がともにイソブチル基、R7が水素原子、AOがエチレンオキサイドであり、n+m=5である。)
アセチレン系界面活性剤C3:3,6-ジメチル-4-オクチン-3,6-ジオール(式(2)において、R3、R5がともにメチル基、R4、R6がともにエチル基、R7が水素原子である。)
アセチレン系界面活性剤C4:2,4,7,9-テトラメチル-5-デシン-4,7-ジオール(式(2)において、R3、R5がともにメチル基、R4、R6がともにイソブチル基、R7が水素原子である。)
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルD1:オキシエチレン基が5モル付加された炭素数が12~14のアルキルエーテル
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルD2:オキシエチレン基が7モル付加された炭素数が12~14のアルキルエーテル
ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルD3:オキシエチレン基が9モル付加された炭素数が12~14のアルキルエーテル
Claims (11)
- アミノ変性シリコーン(A)、ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)及びアセチレン系界面活性剤(C)を含む、アクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 前記アミノ変性シリコーン(A)のアミノ基1モルに対して、ブレンステッド酸化合物(B)の割合が、0.01~2.5モル当量である、請求項1に記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 前記アミノ変性シリコーン(A)100重量部に対して、前記アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)の割合が0.1~12重量部である、請求項1又は2に記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 前記アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)が、アセチレンアルコール(C1)、アセチレンジオール(C2)、アセチレンアルコールにアルキレンオキサイドを付加した化合物(C3)及びアセチレンジオールにアルキレンオキサイドを付加した化合物(C4)から選ばれた少なくとも1種である、請求項1~3のいずれかに記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 前記アセチレンアルコール(C1)が下記一般式(1)で表される化合物であり、前記アセチレンジオール(C2)が下記一般式(2)で表される化合物であり、前記アセチレンアルコールにアルキレンオキサイドを付加した化合物(C3)が下記一般式(3)で表される化合物であり、前記アセチレンジオールにアルキレンオキサイドを付加した化合物(C4)が下記一般式(4)で表される化合物である、請求項4に記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 処理剤の不揮発分に占める前記アミノ変性シリコーン(A)の重量割合が40~95重量%である、請求項1~5のいずれかに記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- さらに、ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル(D)を含有する、請求項1~6のいずれかに記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 前記アミノ変性シリコーン(A)100重量部に対して、前記アセチレン系界面活性剤(C)と前記ポリオキシアルキレンアルキルエーテル(D)の合計の割合が5~50重量部である、請求項7又は8に記載のアクリル繊維用処理剤。
- 炭素繊維製造用アクリル繊維の原料アクリル繊維に、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載のアクリル繊維処理剤を付着させてなる、炭素繊維製造用アクリル繊維。
- 炭素繊維製造用アクリル繊維の原料アクリル繊維に、請求項1~9のいずれかに記載の繊維処理剤を付着させて製糸する製糸工程と、200~300℃の酸化性雰囲気中で耐炎化繊維に転換する耐炎化処理工程と、前記耐炎化繊維をさらに300~2000℃の不活性雰囲気中で炭化させる炭素化処理工程とを含む、炭素繊維の製造方法。
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JP6535149B2 (ja) | 2019-06-26 |
KR20190119063A (ko) | 2019-10-21 |
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