WO2018159546A1 - Glp-1分泌促進剤及び組成物 - Google Patents
Glp-1分泌促進剤及び組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018159546A1 WO2018159546A1 PCT/JP2018/007005 JP2018007005W WO2018159546A1 WO 2018159546 A1 WO2018159546 A1 WO 2018159546A1 JP 2018007005 W JP2018007005 W JP 2018007005W WO 2018159546 A1 WO2018159546 A1 WO 2018159546A1
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- glp
- secretion
- casein
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- promoting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/01—Hydrolysed proteins; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/012—Hydrolysed proteins; Derivatives thereof from animals
- A61K38/018—Hydrolysed proteins; Derivatives thereof from animals from milk
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/08—Peptides having 5 to 11 amino acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/66—Proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/19—Dairy proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
- A61K35/12—Materials from mammals; Compositions comprising non-specified tissues or cells; Compositions comprising non-embryonic stem cells; Genetically modified cells
- A61K35/20—Milk; Whey; Colostrum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
- A61K38/04—Peptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- A61K38/10—Peptides having 12 to 20 amino acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
- A61P1/14—Prodigestives, e.g. acids, enzymes, appetite stimulants, antidyspeptics, tonics, antiflatulents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/04—Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gastrointestinal hormone GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1) secretion promoter and a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion.
- the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion can be used as a medicine, food or drink, or feed.
- GLP-1 is a kind of glucagon-related gastrointestinal hormone, and has an incretin action important for glucose metabolism. GLP-1 is released into the blood mainly by ingestion of meals from L cells, which are intestinal secretory cells localized in the lower part of the small intestine, and acts on the pancreatic ⁇ cells depending on the glucose concentration in the blood. Is promoted to lower blood glucose level after meals (Non-patent Document 1). Furthermore, GLP-1 suppresses the secretion of glucagon, thereby reducing the release of glucose from the liver and lowering the blood glucose level. Besides these, GLP-1 has been reported to suppress appetite by acting on the central nervous system (Non-patent Document 2).
- GLP-1 Since such an action of GLP-1 is useful for improving lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, which is a GLP-1 analog (GLP-1 receptor agonist) and a GLP-1 degrading enzyme in blood, is used. Inhibitors of (DPP-IV) are used in the treatment of diabetes and the like.
- Non-Patent Documents 3 to 8 Ingested proteins are decomposed into peptides and amino acids by digestive enzymes, and then proton-transported peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) and calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) on GLP-1-producing cells distributed in the lower gastrointestinal tract. ) And activation of intracellular signaling such as intracellular calcium signals and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), suggesting a mechanism that promotes secretion of GLP-1 ( Non-patent documents 9 to 11).
- PPT1 proton-transported peptide transporter 1
- CaSR calcium-sensing receptor
- Non-patent Document 12 milk or milk-derived proteins are also being examined for GLP-1 secretion promoting action. For example, it has been reported in human clinical trials that the concentration of GLP-1 in plasma is increased by drinking milk (Non-patent Document 12). In addition, it has been reported that casein glycomacropeptide (CGMP) obtained by hydrolyzing milk with rennet exhibits GLP-1 secretion promoting activity in a small intestinal cell line (Patent Document 1).
- CGMP casein glycomacropeptide
- micellar casein which is a protein contained in the acid whey produced when obtaining the acid casein raw material
- Patent Document 2 the hydrolysis of casein, when the skim milk is acid-precipitated at pH 4.6
- Patent Document 3 degradation products
- Patent Document 4 the hydrolysis of casein, when the skim milk is acid-precipitated at pH 4.6
- micellar casein and / or a hydrolyzate thereof have an excellent GLP-1 secretion promoting action / GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity.
- the headline and the present invention were completed.
- the present invention provides a GLP-1 secretion promoter and a composition for promoting secretion, which contain micellar casein and / or a hydrolyzate thereof as an active ingredient.
- the hydrolyzate of miscella casein preferably has a weight average molecular weight of 400 to 5000.
- another aspect of the present invention provides a GLP-1 secretion promoter and a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion, which contain a fraction or purified product of a hydrolyzate of micellar casein as an active ingredient.
- the fraction or purified product of the hydrolyzate of miscella casein preferably contains one or more peptides containing the amino acid sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7.
- compositions for promoting GLP-1 secretion and a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion, which contains one or more peptides containing the amino acid sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7 as an active ingredient Offer things.
- the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention is preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition.
- the pharmaceutical composition is preferably for prevention and / or improvement of hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia, or for suppression of postprandial blood glucose level or appetite suppression.
- the GLP-1 secretion promoting composition of the present invention is preferably in the form of a food or drink composition.
- an excellent GLP-1 secretion promoter and a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion are provided.
- the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention can be in the form of a food or drink. Further, the GLP-1 secretion promoting composition of the present invention can be in the form of a medicine, and is useful for the prevention and improvement of lifestyle-related diseases such as diabetes.
- the GLP-1 secretion promoter and the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention contain miscella casein and / or a hydrolyzate thereof as an active ingredient.
- the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention is also expressed as a composition for promoting stimulation of GLP-1 secretion, and may also be expressed as a GLP-1 secretion stimulating agent or a GLP-1 secretion stimulating agent.
- mice casein refers to a composition containing a micelle colloid (so-called casein micelle) formed by a casein protein.
- Micella casein is generally contained in dairy products such as milk or skim milk, and can be obtained, for example, by subjecting skim milk to membrane separation treatment.
- a milk protein concentrate obtained from skim milk is used as the miscella casein material. Since miscella casein is obtained by membrane separation treatment, it is not exposed to acid precipitation and / or alkali dissolution treatment performed in the production process of caseinate such as sodium caseinate material. Therefore, it is considered that the micellar casein maintains a “micellar structure” that casein holds in milk.
- micellar casein is a form similar to the casein micelle colloid usually present in milk, and is a colloidal particle having an average particle diameter of 20 to 600 nm. As shown in the examples described later, micellar casein in the present invention is distinguished from ⁇ -casein itself which does not form a micelle colloid.
- the micellar casein in the present invention is preferably derived from milk, more preferably derived from bovine milk.
- the micellar casein in the present invention is preferably produced from skim milk obtained by removing lipids from raw milk by a specific method. That is, a specific fraction of skim milk obtained by removing a component having a particle diameter of preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or less from skim milk can be obtained as miscella casein.
- components having a particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m or less contained in skim milk are various components such as whey protein and carbohydrates.
- Such treatment for removing components having a particle size of 0.1 ⁇ m or less can be performed, for example, by passing skim milk through a microfiltration membrane (Microfiltration Membrane, MF membrane) having a pore size of 0.1 to 0.2 ⁇ m.
- micellar casein may be subjected to a treatment such as concentration or spray drying, if necessary.
- a treatment such as concentration or spray drying, if necessary.
- the micellar casein thus produced retains the composition and form of the micellar colloid of casein present in normal milk.
- the whey protein can usually be obtained together with the micellar casein, but such contamination is allowed as long as the effect of the present invention is not hindered.
- micellar casein The amount of such contaminating protein is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and still more preferably 5% by mass or less with respect to the entire micellar casein.
- a commercially available product may be used as the micellar casein in the present invention. For example, micellar casein manufactured by the above-mentioned membrane treatment at Milei (Mirai, Germany), or micellar casein manufactured by Ingredia (for example, Prodiet 87B Fluid) is preferably mentioned.
- casein material from skim milk has been conventionally performed, but the casein material prepared from skim milk by a conventional method does not retain the form of micelle colloid and is distinguished from the active ingredient in the present invention.
- acid coagulation reaction by adding acid such as sulfuric acid or enzymatic reaction by adding rennet.
- Casein has been prepared as a caseinate through a preheating step and a heating step for solubilizing precipitated casein with an alkali such as sodium hydroxide.
- acid casein material casein obtained by separating from whey by acid coagulation reaction
- casein sodium material casein sodium material
- the hydrolyzate of micellar casein which is an active ingredient of the GLP-1 secretion promoting agent and the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention, is preferably an enzyme degradation product such as a proteolytic enzyme.
- the enzyme used for the enzyme degradation product may be any enzyme such as a proteolytic enzyme, which can mimic the state of digestion that is received in the digestive tract when ingesting miseracasein. Enzymes are preferable, and examples thereof include pepsin and pancreatin.
- the degradation by these proteolytic enzymes may be performed under the digestion conditions (pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, enzyme concentration, etc.) that are usually received in the digestive tract in the body.
- the enzymatic degradation product of miscella casein may be any of a crude degradation product, a fraction of the degradation product, and a purified product obtained by degrading miscella casein with a proteolytic enzyme or the like.
- the hydrolyzate of miscella casein in the present invention preferably has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 400 to 5000, more preferably 500 to 3500, and particularly preferably 1000 to 2000.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Such a hydrolyzate usually has the size and structure of a digested product when it is degraded by a proteolytic enzyme when ingesting miseracasein into the body.
- the casein material is differentiated from the digested material under the same conditions in terms of size, structure, GLP-1 secretion promoting action and / or GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity.
- the weight average molecular weight is measured and calculated by the following method.
- Detection is performed using a UV detector (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and data analysis is performed by a GPC analysis system (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) to calculate the weight average molecular weight.
- the sample for molecular weight calculation should just use the protein and / or peptide with known molecular weight suitably, for example, the reference sample used in the below-mentioned Example can be used.
- the active ingredient of the GLP-1 secretion promoter and secretion promoting composition of the present invention may be a fraction or purified product of a hydrolyzed product of miscella casein.
- the fraction or purified product selected from the hydrolyzate has a peptide fragment that is contained in a large amount in the digest when it is degraded by a proteolytic enzyme when ingesting miseracasein. Further, it has GLP-1 secretion promoting action and / or GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity.
- the fraction or purified product of the hydrolyzate of miscella casein preferably contains a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence represented by any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7.
- the peptide containing the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7 may be one or plural kinds.
- the peptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7 has a GLP-1 secretion promoting action and / or a GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity, it is a hydrolyzate of miserasein or a fraction thereof.
- the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion may be contained in the form of a peptide obtained by chemical synthesis or biosynthesis. Therefore, a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion containing one or more peptides containing the amino acid sequence shown in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7 as an active ingredient is also included in the present invention.
- the peptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7 may be contained in the form of its salts. Further, as long as the peptide includes the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7, the peptide may have one or more arbitrary amino acids added to the C-terminal and / or N-terminal side. Good.
- the term “plurality” preferably refers to 2 to 10, but is not particularly limited. These peptides are peptide fragments that are often present in miserasein hydrolysates that have been digested by proteolytic enzymes, and are thought to contribute to the promotion of GLP-1 secretion.
- the peptides consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 5 are peptides that are found in the micellar casein hydrolyzate but are not produced when casein is hydrolyzed.
- the peptides consisting of the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 6 to 7 are found in both the miscella casein hydrolyzate and the casein hydrolyzate. The difference in the presence in these hydrolysates is presumed to be due to the difference in digestion pattern depending on the presence or absence of the casein micelle structure.
- the GLP-1 secretion promoter and secretion promoting composition of the present invention have a GLP-1 secretion promoting action and / or a secretion stimulating activity. Specifically, the amount of GLP-1 secreted from enteroendocrine cell L cells in the gastrointestinal tract by ingesting a GLP-1 secretagogue or a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion in the gastrointestinal tract compared to the case of ingestion Can be increased. Therefore, it is useful for a subject having a disease or condition that can be prevented or ameliorated by promoting GLP-1 secretion, or a disease or condition caused by GLP-1 secretion deficiency.
- Non-therapeutic is a concept that does not include a medical act, that is, a treatment act on the human body by therapy. That is, another aspect of the present invention is a method for promoting GLP-1 secretion, comprising the step of administering the GLP-1 secretion promoter or GLP-1 secretion promoting composition of the present invention to a subject.
- it may be a method for treating, improving and / or preventing the above-mentioned disease or condition by promoting GLP-1 secretion, and a method for suppressing an increase in postprandial blood glucose level and / or appetite of a subject. It may be.
- micellar casein a hydrolyzate thereof, a fraction thereof, a purified product thereof, and SEQ ID NO: 1 in the production of a GLP-1 secretion promoter or a composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion. Any use selected from peptides comprising the amino acid sequence shown in any of ⁇ 7.
- GLP-1 secretion is promoted by selecting from micellar casein, a hydrolyzate thereof, a fraction thereof, a purified product thereof, and a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in any of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7. Any use that is made.
- a preferred form of the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention is a pharmaceutical composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion.
- the administration form of such a pharmaceutical composition may be either oral administration or parenteral administration, but oral administration is preferred.
- Preferred examples of parenteral administration include direct administration to the stomach or small intestine.
- Such a pharmaceutical composition can be appropriately formulated into a desired dosage form according to the administration method.
- a desired dosage form for example, in the case of oral administration, it can be formulated into solid preparations such as powders, granules, tablets and capsules; liquid preparations such as solutions, syrups, suspensions and emulsions.
- parenteral administration it can be formulated into suppositories, ointments and the like.
- formulation can be appropriately performed by a known method according to the dosage form.
- a formulation carrier may be appropriately blended to formulate.
- micellar casein and / or a hydrolyzate thereof in the preparation is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected based on the daily intake or dose according to the dosage form.
- the daily intake or dose of an adult is 0.1 to 4 g / kg body weight / day in terms of protein mass of micellar casein or in terms of peptide amount of hydrolyzate of miserasein. It is preferably 0.2 to 2 g / kg body weight / day, more preferably 0.4 to 1.2 g / kg body weight / day.
- various pharmacologically acceptable organic or inorganic carriers in addition to the active ingredient of the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention, various pharmacologically acceptable organic or inorganic carriers, depending on the dosage form, as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired Can be used.
- the carrier in the case of a solid preparation include excipients, binders, disintegrants, lubricants, stabilizers, and flavoring agents.
- components such as a pH adjuster, a coloring agent, a corrigent, etc. which are normally used for formulation can also be contained.
- excipient examples include sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol and sorbit; starch derivatives such as corn starch, potato starch, ⁇ -starch, dextrin and carboxymethyl starch; crystalline cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, Cellulose derivatives such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose calcium; gum arabic; dextran; pullulan; silicate derivatives such as light anhydrous silicic acid, synthetic aluminum silicate, magnesium magnesium magnesium silicate; phosphate derivatives such as calcium phosphate; And carbonate derivatives such as calcium; sulfate derivatives such as calcium sulfate and the like.
- sugar derivatives such as lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol and sorbit
- starch derivatives such as corn starch, potato starch, ⁇ -starch, dextrin and carboxymethyl starch
- crystalline cellulose hydroxypropyl cellulose
- binder examples include gelatin, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, macrogol and the like in addition to the above excipients.
- disintegrant examples include, in addition to the above excipients, chemically modified starch or cellulose derivatives such as croscarmellose sodium, sodium carboxymethyl starch, and crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone.
- talc stearic acid
- stearic acid metal salts such as calcium stearate and magnesium stearate
- colloidal silica waxes such as pea gum and geirow
- boric acid glycol
- carboxylic acids such as fumaric acid and adipic acid
- Carboxylic acid sodium salts such as sodium benzoate
- sulfates such as sodium sulfate; leucine
- lauryl sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfate and magnesium lauryl sulfate
- silicic acids such as anhydrous silicic acid and silicic acid hydrate; starch derivatives and the like It is done.
- the stabilizer examples include paraoxybenzoic acid esters such as methylparaben and propylparaben; alcohols such as chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol and phenylethyl alcohol; benzalkonium chloride; acetic anhydride; sorbic acid and the like.
- examples of the flavoring agent include sweeteners, acidulants, and fragrances.
- examples of the carrier used in the case of a liquid for oral administration include solvents such as water.
- the pharmaceutical composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention has an action of promoting GLP-1 secretion in the gastrointestinal tract as described above, and GLP-1 has a blood glucose lowering action. Therefore, the timing of ingesting the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is not particularly limited, but it is preferably ingested or administered within the range of 2 hours before meal to 2 hours after meal, and more preferably 1 hour before meal to 1 hour after meal.
- the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is useful for a subject having a disease or condition that can be prevented or ameliorated by promoting GLP-1 secretion, or a disease or condition caused by GLP-1 secretion failure.
- a disease or condition that can be prevented or ameliorated by promoting GLP-1 secretion, or a disease or condition caused by GLP-1 secretion failure.
- it can be used for prevention and / or improvement of hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia.
- it can be used for postprandial blood glucose level rise suppression or appetite suppression.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to misercasein, its hydrolysis in the manufacture of a pharmaceutical composition for prevention and / or improvement of hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia, or for suppression of postprandial blood glucose level or appetite suppression.
- Any use selected from a degradation product, a fraction thereof, a purified product thereof, and a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7.
- Another aspect is the prevention and / or improvement of hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia, or the suppression of postprandial blood glucose level or appetite, miseracasein, a hydrolyzate thereof, a fraction thereof, a purified product thereof.
- Another aspect is miseracasein, a hydrolyzate thereof, and a fraction thereof, which are used for prevention and / or improvement of hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia, or postprandial blood glucose level suppression or appetite suppression.
- composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention is a food and drink composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion.
- the GLP-1 secretion promoting agent or GLP-1 secretion promoting composition of the present invention may be blended as an active ingredient in a food or beverage, or the GLP-1 secretion promoting composition itself may be incorporated into a food or beverage composition. It is good also as an aspect of.
- the food / beverage composition of the present invention is not limited to liquid, paste-like, solid, powder, etc., and includes, for example, tablet confectionery, liquid food, feed (including pet food), etc. Processed products, processed fishery products, processed livestock products, milk / dairy products, fats and oils, basic seasonings, compound seasonings / foods, frozen foods, confectionery, beverages, commercial products other than these.
- the food and drink composition of the present invention is approved for use in food and drink according to food regulations such as the Food Sanitation Act. As long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, it can be contained without any particular limitation.
- carbohydrates such as dextrin and starch; proteins such as gelatin, soybean protein and corn protein; amino acids such as alanine, glutamine and isoleucine; polysaccharides such as cellulose and gum arabic; fats and oils such as soybean oil and medium chain fatty acid triglyceride Etc.
- carbohydrates such as dextrin and starch
- proteins such as gelatin, soybean protein and corn protein
- amino acids such as alanine, glutamine and isoleucine
- polysaccharides such as cellulose and gum arabic
- fats and oils such as soybean oil and medium chain fatty acid triglyceride Etc.
- the food / beverage composition of the present invention can be provided / sold as a food / beverage product displaying health uses such as prevention or treatment of diseases for which GLP-1 secretion promotion is effective.
- the “display” act includes all acts for informing the consumer of the use, and if the expression can remind the user of the use, the purpose of the display, the content of the display, the display Regardless of the target object / medium, etc., all fall under the “display” act of the present invention.
- the “display” is performed by an expression that allows the consumer to directly recognize the use. Specifically, it is the act of transferring, displaying, importing, displaying, or importing products that are related to food or drinks or products that describe the use, on advertisements, price lists, or transaction documents. For example, an act of describing and displaying the above uses or distributing them, or describing the above uses in information including the contents and providing them by an electromagnetic (Internet or the like) method can be given.
- the display content is preferably a display approved by the government or the like (for example, a display that is approved based on various systems determined by the government and is performed in a mode based on such approval).
- labeling includes health food, functional food, enteral nutrition food, special purpose food, health functional food, food for specified health use, nutrition functional food, functional label food, quasi-drug, etc.
- a display is also included.
- indications approved by the Consumer Affairs Agency for example, indications approved in systems related to foods for specified health use, functional nutritional foods, functional indication foods, or similar systems, etc. can be mentioned.
- labeling as a food for specified health use labeling as a conditionally specified food for specified health use, labeling that affects the structure and function of the body, labeling for reducing the risk of disease, and functionality based on scientific evidence Labeling, etc., and more specifically, Cabinet Office Ordinance on Special Purpose Labeling stipulated in the Health Promotion Act (Cabinet Office Ordinance No. 57 of August 31, 2000)
- the labeling as food for specified health and the like are the typical examples.
- the content of miscella casein and / or a hydrolyzate thereof when producing a food or drink composition is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected based on the daily intake.
- the daily intake of an adult is preferably 0.1 to 4 g / kg body weight / day, in terms of protein mass of micellar casein or peptide amount of hydrolyzate of miserasein, and preferably 0.2 to 2 g / kg. Body weight / day is more preferable, and 0.4 to 1.2 g / kg body weight / day is more preferable.
- the GLP-1 secretion promoter and the composition for promoting GLP-1 secretion of the present invention have an action of stimulating and promoting GLP-1 secretion in the gastrointestinal tract as described above, and GLP-1 has a blood glucose lowering action.
- GLP-1 secretion can be promoted during a meal, and as a result, an increase in blood glucose level due to the meal can be suppressed. Is possible. Therefore, the food / beverage product composition of the present invention is useful for subjects with diseases or pathologies that can be prevented or ameliorated by promoting GLP-1 secretion, or with diseases or conditions caused by GLP-1 secretion deficiency. is there. For example, it can be used for the prevention and / or improvement of patients with hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia, for the suppression of postprandial blood glucose level, and for the suppression of appetite in dietary therapy. Can also be used.
- micellar casein in the production of a food and beverage composition for preventing and / or improving hyperglycemia, diabetes, obesity, or bulimia, or for suppressing postprandial blood glucose level or appetite suppression, Any use selected from a hydrolyzate, a fraction thereof, a purified product thereof, and a peptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 7.
- micellar casein the activity of GLP-1 secretion promoting (secretory stimulating activity) of micellar casein was examined.
- Example 1 Comparison of GLP-1 secretion promoting activity (secretory stimulating activity) between micellar casein and acid casein material or sodium casein material (1)
- Sample preparation As micellar casein, micellar casein manufactured by Milei was used did.
- acid casein material Lactic Casein 720, manufactured by Fonterra
- sodium casein material Teatua 100, manufactured by Tatua
- pepsin (Pep, Sigma-Aldrich; in 1 mM HCL) was added to 12.5 (w / w) of protein mass. ) was added, and the mixture was shaken in a constant temperature bath at 37 ° C. at 140 rpm for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the pH was adjusted to 7.0 using 1 mol / L sodium hydrogen carbonate, and the digestion reaction with pepsin was stopped.
- pancreatin Pan, Sigma-Aldrich; in 0.1M NaHCO 3
- pancreatin Pan, Sigma-Aldrich; in 0.1M NaHCO 3
- the target time 5 minutes at 140 rpm in a 37 ° C constant temperature bath. , 10 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 45 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes or overnight reaction.
- the digestion reaction with pancreatin was stopped by heating at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- These digested solutions were lyophilized and stored at 4 ° C. These digestive reactions mimic the state of digestion received in the digestive tract when ingesting miscella casein and various casein materials into the body.
- GLUTag cell intestinal secretory cell line derived from mouse lower gastrointestinal tract
- HEPES buffer (20 mM HEPES (Sigma), 140 mM NaCl (Wako), 4.5 mM KCl (Wako), 10 mM Glucose (Wako), 1.2 mM MgCl 2 (Wako), 1.2 mM CaCl 2 (Wako), 0.1
- the cells were suspended twice with% BSA (Sigma), pH 7.4). Dissolve the lyophilized sample (1) above in HEPES buffer to a concentration of 5 mg / mL, add 80 ⁇ L to each well of the 48-well culture plate on which GLUTag cells were cultured, and incubate at 37 ° C for min did.
- the culture supernatant was collected and centrifuged at 800 g, 4 ° C. for 5 minutes, and the supernatant was stored at ⁇ 80 ° C. as a sample for ELISA measurement.
- the amount of GLP-1 in the supernatant was measured using ELISA (Millipore) according to the manufacturer's recommended protocol.
- micellar casein obtained by removing the components is obtained in a form in which about 10% whey protein is present together with casein.
- the mass ratio of casein: whey protein in the lotus of casera casein used in Example 1 was 90.6: 9.4.
- whey proteins are also known to have GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity in undegraded and degraded products (Food Chemistry, 189, 2015, p. 120-128). Therefore, the following test was conducted to confirm that the GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity of micellar casein confirmed in Example 1 was not only due to whey protein.
- Example 1 (1) Preparation of sample Masseracasein and sodium casein material (Tatua100, Tatua) used in Example 1 and purified whey protein (Whey Protein Isolate: WPI, WPI8855, Fonterra) have a mass ratio of 90.6: 9.4
- the composition mixed in was prepared as a sample.
- Each sample was digested with pepsin and pancreatin in the same manner and conditions as in Example 1 except that the reaction time of pancreatin was 30 minutes, 60 minutes or 120 minutes, and the digested solution was lyophilized. And stored at 4 ° C.
- micellar casein and ⁇ -casein or ⁇ -casein enzymatic degradation product It is a protein already known to have micellar casein and GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity.
- the following test was performed.
- (1) Sample Preparation The micellar casein used in Example 1 and “ ⁇ -casein from bovine milk” (Sigma-Aldrich), which is ⁇ -casein, were prepared as samples. Each sample was digested with pepsin and pancreatin under the same method and conditions as in Example 2, and the digested solution was lyophilized and stored at 4 ° C.
- a positive control was prepared by applying depolarization stimulation to GLUTag cells with 70 mM KCl.
- micellar casein showed significantly higher GLP-1 secretion-stimulating activity under any digestion conditions than ⁇ -casein. Further, this difference was observed to be more prominent in the artificial digest (pep only, pep + pan30, pep + pan60 in Table 3) than in the undegraded product. The Tukey-Kramer method was used for the significance test of these data.
- Table 4 shows the measurement results of the amount of GLP-1 secreted by treating miscella casein and ⁇ -casein enzyme degradation product.
- misercasein had significantly higher GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity under all digestion conditions than glycomacropeptide.
- the Student t-test method was used for the significance test of these data.
- the casein hydrolyzate sample in which GLP-1 secretion promoting activity (secretory stimulating activity) is confirmed in Patent Document 3 contains the casein enzyme degradation product (glycomacropeptide) in this example.
- Example 4 Comparison of GLP-1 Secretion Stimulating Activity between Miserasein and Acid Whey Material
- (1) Preparation of Sample Whey protein purified product (WPI8855, Fonterra) was prepared as a sample as acid whey containing the micellar casein used in Example 1 and an acid-soluble protein. Each sample was digested with pepsin and pancreatin under the same method and conditions as in Example 2, and the digested solution was lyophilized and stored at 4 ° C.
- Table 5 shows the measurement results of miseracasein and acid whey material.
- misercasein tends to have higher GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity than acid whey material containing acid-soluble protein.
- the Tukey-Kramer method was used for the significance test of these data.
- the acid-soluble protein sample of micellar casein which is a protein contained in acid whey, which is confirmed when GLP-1 release stimulating activity is obtained in Patent Document 2, is obtained from the acid whey in this example. It corresponds to a sample.
- Example 5 Comparison of GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity between micellar casein and milk or raw milk
- the following tests were conducted.
- Table 6 shows the measurement results of micellar casein, commercially available milk, and raw milk. As a result, it was observed that misercasein tends to have higher GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity than commercially available milk and raw milk. Especially, it was significantly high under the digestion conditions of pepsin and pancreatin 60 minutes. The Tukey-Kramer method was used for the significance test of these data.
- Example 6 Examination of miscella casein digestion product (enzyme degradation product) showing GLP-1 secretion promoting activity (secretory stimulation activity) Enzyme degradation product of micellar casein showing GLP-1 secretion promotion activity (secretory stimulation activity), and A test was conducted to examine the molecular weight distribution of each enzyme degradation product of acid casein material and sodium caseinate material digested under the same conditions as the enzyme degradation product.
- Sample preparation Each enzyme degradation product (digested with pepsin 30 min and pancreatin 60 min) used in Example 1 with a concentration of 1 mg / ml was obtained from the enzyme micasecasein, acid casein, and sodium caseinate.
- samples were prepared by dissolving in 50 mM formic acid and 20 mM sodium chloride solution.
- (2) Measurement of molecular weight distribution The sample prepared in (1) was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) using a column packed with poly-hydroxyethyl-aspartamide gel. The obtained chromatogram was analyzed by GPC software (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), and the ratio of enzymatic degradation products was analyzed for each molecular weight range.
- IgG molecular weight: 160,000 daltons, manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich
- lactoperoxidase molecular weight: 93,000 daltons, manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich
- egg white albumin molecular weight: 43,000 daltons, Sigma-Aldrich
- chymotrypsinogen molecular weight: 25,000, Pharmacia
- ribonuclease molecular weight: 13,700 Dalton, Pharmacia
- insulin molecular weight: 5,740 Dalton, Wako Pure Chemical Industries
- bacitracin molecular weight: 1,427 Dalton, Sigma-Aldrich
- Oxytocin Molecular weight: 1,007 Dalton, Bachem Americas
- Enkephalinamide Molecular weight: 588 Dalton, Bachem Americas
- L-methionine mo weight: 149 Dalton, Kyowa Hakko Bio
- L-glutamine molecular weight: 146 daltons, manufactured by Kyowa
- Table 7 shows the results of molecular weight distribution of digested products (enzymatic degradation products) of miscella casein with acid casein material and casein sodium material.
- the enzyme degradation products of miscella casein tend to have more degradation products having a molecular weight of 2000 daltons or more than the acid casein material enzyme degradation product and the casein sodium material enzyme degradation product.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the enzyme degradation product of miscella casein showed about twice the weight average molecular weight as compared with the acid casein material enzyme degradation product and the sodium caseinate material enzyme degradation product.
- the enzymatic degradation product of miscella casein had a large weight average molecular weight compared to the enzymatic degradation products of other protein materials, when these protein materials were subjected to artificial digestion, the degradation products As a result, it was suggested that there was a structural difference in the resulting peptide, and that this difference might have caused a difference in the GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity of the artificial digest.
- the difference in the preparation method from the milk material related to each protein material causes a difference in the thermal history of each protein material, and as a result, the protein contained in the material The degree of denaturation and aggregation differed, suggesting the possibility of affecting digestibility.
- Table 8 shows the measurement results of the amount of free GLP-1 secreted into the medium after treating each synthetic peptide.
- the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 1 (5 mM)
- the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 2 5 mM
- the peptide of SEQ ID NO: 3 (1 mM) showed significantly higher GLP-1 secretion stimulating activity in comparison with the blank group.
- the Dunnett t-test method was used for the significance test of these data.
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Abstract
Description
GLP-1は、食事を摂取することにより、主に小腸下部に多く局在する腸管分泌細胞であるL細胞から血中に放出され、血中のグルコース濃度依存的に膵β細胞に働きかけてインスリンの分泌を促し、食後の血糖値を低下させる(非特許文献1)。さらに、GLP-1はグルカゴンの分泌を抑制することにより、肝臓からのブドウ糖の放出を低下させ、血糖値を低下させる。これらの他にも、GLP-1は中枢神経系に作用することにより、食欲を抑制させることが報告されている(非特許文献2)。
しかしながら、従来報告されている乳由来の成分は、乳からの調製工程が煩雑であり、そのために高コストであるといった難点がある。また、それらの調製物が有するGLP-1分泌促進作用は必ずしも十分なものではなく、実用性が高いとはいえない。
かかる状況に鑑みて、乳由来の成分であって、効率的に大量製造が可能なものを有効成分とする、優れたGLP-1分泌促進剤及びGLP-1分泌促進用組成物、好ましくは飲食品又は医薬品の態様に好適な組成物を提供することを課題とする。
また、本発明のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物は、飲食品組成物の態様とすることが好ましい。
本発明のGLP-1分泌促進剤及びGLP-1分泌促進用組成物は、ミセラカゼイン及び/又はその加水分解物を有効成分として含有する。なお本発明のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物は、GLP-1分泌刺激促進用組成物とも表現され、GLP-1分泌促進剤、GLP-1分泌刺激剤とも表現されることがある。
ミセラカゼインを構成するカゼインたんぱく質は、α-、β-、及びκ-カゼインで、通常は乳中で存在しているカゼインと同様の組成である。また、ミセラカゼインの形態は、通常は乳中で存在しているカゼインのミセルコロイドと同様の形態であり、平均粒子径が20~600nmのコロイド粒子である。
なお、後述の実施例に示されるように、ミセルコロイドを形成していないκ-カゼインそのものとは、本発明におけるミセラカゼインは区別される。
また、本発明におけるミセラカゼインは、乳由来であることが好ましく、より好ましくはウシの乳由来のものである。
かかる、粒子径0.1μm以下の成分を除く処理は、例えば細孔径0.1~0.2μmの精密ろ過膜(Microfiltration Membrane、MF膜)に、脱脂乳を通過させることにより行うことができ、処理後の膜上に残った成分をミセラカゼインとすればよい。取得したミセラカゼインは、必要に応じて濃縮やスプレー乾燥等の処理を行ってもよい。また、ミセラカゼインの調製工程において、酸又はアルカリ処理、たんぱく質分解酵素の添加、及び70℃以上の加熱処理等の、たんぱく質変性を生じさせる処理は、行わないことが好ましい。
このようにして製造されたミセラカゼインは、通常の乳中に存在しているカゼインのミセルコロイドの組成や形態を保持したものである。また、膜処理などの操作の性質上、通常はミセラカゼインと共にホエイたんぱく質も存在する態様で取得されうるが、本発明の効果を妨げない限りにおいてかかる混入は許容される。このような混入たんぱく質の混入量は、ミセラカゼイン全体に対して、好ましくは15質量%以下、より好ましくは10質量%以下、さらに好ましくは5質量%以下である。
なお、乳中のカゼインとホエイたんぱく質の含有比率は、一般的に約8:2であることが知られているが、本発明で用いられるミセラカゼイン中のカゼインとホエイたんぱく質の含有比率は、カゼイン:ホエイたんぱく質=8:2が好ましく、9:1がより好ましい。
本発明におけるミセラカゼインとしては、市販のものを用いてもよい。例えば、Milei(ミライ、ドイツ)社において前述のような膜処理で製造されるミセラカゼインや、Ingredia社製(例えば、Prodiet 87B Fluid)のミセラカゼインを好ましく挙げられる。
例えば、従来は、生乳から脂質を除去した脱脂乳から、硫酸等の酸を添加することによる酸凝固反応や、レンネットを添加することによる酵素反応を行い、ゲル化したたんぱく質を分離するために予備加熱工程や、沈殿させたカゼインを水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリによって可溶化するための加温工程を経て、カゼイネートとしてカゼインを調製してきた。なお、酸凝固反応によりホエイと分離して得たカゼインを本明細書において、「酸カゼイン素材」と記す。また、酸カゼインに対して水酸化ナトリウム処理を施して得たカゼインを本明細書において「カゼインナトリウム素材」と記す。
また、ミセラカゼインの酵素分解物としては、ミセラカゼインをたんぱく質分解酵素等で分解したときの粗分解物、分解物の分画物、及び精製物のいずれでもよい。
なお、ここで重量平均分子量は、以下の方法で測定及び算出したものをいう。すなわち、高速液体クロマトグラフィーを使用して、ポリヒドロキシエチル・アスパルタミド・カラム(Poly Hydroxyethyl Aspartamide Column:ポリ・エル・シー(Poly LC)社製;直径4.6×200mm)を用い、20mM塩化ナトリウム、50mMギ酸により溶出速度0.4mL/分で溶出する(宇井信生ら編、「タンパク質・ペプチドの高速液体クロマトグラフィー」、化学増刊第102号、第241頁、株式会社化学同人、1984年)。検出は、UV検出器(島津製作所社製)を使用して行い、GPC分析システム(島津製作所社製)によりデータ解析して重量平均分子量を算出する。なお、分子量算出のための標品は、分子量が既知のたんぱく質及び/又はペプチドを適宜用いればよく、例えば後述の実施例で使用した参照標品を用いることができる。
また、配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドは、GLP-1分泌促進作用及び/又はGLP-1分泌刺激活性を有するため、ミセラカゼインの加水分解物又はその分画物若しくは精製物に含まれる態様の他に、化学合成又は生合成により取得されたペプチドの態様でGLP-1分泌促進用組成物に含有されてもよい。したがって、配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド1種又は複数種を有効成分として含有するGLP-1分泌促進用組成物も、本発明に含まれる。
これらのペプチドは、たんぱく質分解酵素により消化を受けたミセラカゼイン加水分解物中に存在が多くみられ、かつGLP-1分泌促進への寄与が推測されるペプチド断片である。特に、配列番号1~5で示されるアミノ酸配列からなるペプチドは、ミセラカゼイン加水分解物には存在がみとめられるが、カゼインを加水分解した場合には生じないペプチドである。また、配列番号6~7で示されるアミノ酸配列からなるペプチドは、ミセラカゼイン加水分解物にもカゼイン加水分解物にも存在がみとめられるものである。これらの加水分解物中の存在の違いは、カゼインのミセル構造の有無による消化パターンの違いに起因するものと推測される。
そのため、GLP-1分泌が促進することにより予防又は改善しうる疾患や病態、あるいはGLP-1分泌不全に起因する疾患や病態の対象者に対して、有用である。例えば、高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、又は過食症の患者に対して、その予防及び/又は改善のために用いることができ、また食餌療法における食欲抑制のために用いることもできる。また、本発明のGLP-1分泌促進剤及びGLP-1分泌促進用組成物の適用は、治療的使用であっても非治療的使用であってもよい。なお、「非治療的」とは、医療行為、すなわち治療による人体への処置行為を含まない概念である。
すなわち、本発明の別の態様は、本発明のGLP-1分泌促進剤又はGLP-1分泌促進用組成物を対象に投与する工程を含む、GLP-1分泌を促進する方法である。さらには、GLP-1分泌を促進することにより、前述した疾患又は病態を治療、改善及び/又は予防する方法であってもよく、また、対象の食後血糖値上昇及び/又は食欲を抑制する方法であってもよい。
また、別の側面は、GLP-1分泌促進における、ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかの使用である。
本発明のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物の好ましい形態は、GLP-1分泌促進用医薬品組成物である。
かかる医薬品組成物の投与形態は、経口投与及び非経口投与のいずれでもよいが、経口投与が好ましい。非経口投与としては、例えば、胃又は小腸への直接投与等が好ましく挙げられる。
加えて、製剤化は剤形に応じて適宜公知の方法により実施できる。製剤化に際しては、適宜、製剤担体を配合して製剤化してもよい。
なお、経口投与用の液剤の場合に使用する担体としては、水等の溶剤等が挙げられる。
また別の側面は、高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の予防及び/又は改善、又は食後血糖値抑制若しくは食欲抑制における、ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかの使用である。
また別の側面は、高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の予防及び/又は改善、又は食後血糖値抑制若しくは食欲抑制のために用いられる、ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかである。
本発明のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物の他の好ましい形態は、GLP-1分泌促進用の飲食品組成物である。
この形態において、本発明のGLP-1分泌促進剤又はGLP-1分泌促進用組成物を有効成分として飲食品に配合してもよいし、GLP-1分泌促進用組成物自体を飲食品組成物の態様としてもよい。
また、本発明の飲食品組成物には、本発明のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物の有効成分の他に、食品衛生法などの食品規定で飲食品への使用が認められているものであれば本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて、特に制限なく含有させることができる。たとえば、デキストリン、デンプン等の炭水化物;ゼラチン、大豆タンパク、トウモロコシタンパク等のたんぱく質;アラニン、グルタミン、イソロイシン等のアミノ酸類;セルロース、アラビアゴム等の多糖類;大豆油、中鎖脂肪酸トリグリセリド等の油脂類等を含有させることができる。特に炭水化物を含有する場合に、血糖値をコントロールしつつ栄養を摂取できる本発明の効果の意義が大きいため、好ましい。
「表示」行為には、需要者に対して前記用途を知らしめるための全ての行為が含まれ、前記用途を想起・類推させうるような表現であれば、表示の目的、表示の内容、表示する対象物・媒体等の如何に拘わらず、全て本発明の「表示」行為に該当する。
そのため、本発明の飲食品組成物は、GLP-1分泌が促進することにより予防又は改善しうる疾患や病態、あるいはGLP-1分泌不全に起因する疾患や病態の対象者に対して、有用である。例えば、高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の患者に対して、その予防及び/又は改善のために用いることができ、また食後血糖値上昇の抑制のためや、食餌療法における食欲抑制のために用いることもできる。
<実施例1>ミセラカゼインと酸カゼイン素材又はカゼインナトリウム素材とのGLP-1分泌促進活性(分泌刺激活性)の比較
(1)試料の調製
ミセラカゼインとして、Milei社によって製造されたミセラカゼインを使用した。比較として従前の方法で脱脂乳から調製した、酸カゼイン素材(Lactic Casein 720、Fonterra社製)及びカゼインナトリウム素材(Tatua100、Tatua社製)を、それぞれ試料として用意した。
各試料をMiliQ水に溶解し、Bradford法を用いて、たんぱく質濃度7.5 mg/mLに調製した。これらの各溶液について、1mol/Lの塩酸を用いてヒト胃内と同じくpH2.0に調整した後、ペプシン (Pep、Sigma-Aldrich; in 1mM HCL) をたんぱく質量の1/12.5 (w/w)量添加し、37℃の恒温槽にて、140rpm で 30 分間振盪した。その後、1mol/Lの炭酸水素ナトリウムを用いて、pHを7.0に調整し、ペプシンによる消化反応を停止させた。続いて、パンクレアチン(Pan、Sigma-Aldrich; in 0.1M NaHCO3) をたんぱく質量の1/62.5 (w/w)量添加し、37℃の恒温槽にて、140rpmで目的の時間(5分間,10分間,15分間,30分間,45分間,60分間,120分間又は終夜反応)振盪させた。その後、90℃で3分間加温することにより、パンクレアチンによる消化反応を停止させた。これらの消化後溶液を凍結乾燥し、4℃で保存した。これらの消化反応は、ミセラカゼイン及び各種カゼイン素材を体内に摂取したときに消化管で受ける消化の状態を模すものである。
GLUTag 細胞(例えば、Food Funct., 2015, vol.6, p.2525-2534参照)を10%の牛胎児血清を含む培地(Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium(DMEM)、GIBCO社)にて、2~3日間サブコンフルエントになるまで、37℃、5% CO2インキュベーター中にて培養した。その後培地を除き、HEPESバッファー(20mM HEPES(Sigma)、140mM NaCl(Wako)、4.5mM KCl(Wako)、10mM Glucose(Wako)、1.2mM MgCl2(Wako)、1.2mM CaCl2(Wako)、0.1% BSA(Sigma)、pH7.4)にて細胞を2度懸濁した。
前記(1)の凍結乾燥試料を各5mg/mLの濃度になるようにHEPESバッファーで溶解し、GLUTag細胞を培養した48ウェル培養用プレートの各ウェルに80μLずつ添加し、37°Cて分間インキュベーションした。処置後、培養上清を回収し、800g, 4℃, 5分間にて遠心分離し、その上清をELISA測定用サンプルとして、-80℃で保存した。上清中のGLP-1量は、メーカー推奨のプロトコルに従って、ELISA (Millipore)を用いて測定した。GLP-1量は、HEPESバッファーのみ処置した群(ブランク群)を100%とした相対量として表した。サンプル数はいずれも、n=3で行った。
なお、特許文献4においてGLP-1分泌刺激活性が確認されているκ-カゼイン試料は、本実施例における酸カゼイン素材を含有するものである。
膜処理等によって、脱脂乳から粒子径0.1~0.2μm以下の成分を除くことにより得られるミセラカゼインは、カゼインと共に10%程度のホエイたんぱく質が存在する形態で取得される。実施例1で使用したミセラカゼインのロット品のカゼイン:ホエイたんぱく質の質量比を測定したところ、90.6:9.4であった。
ところで、ホエイたんぱく質についても、未分解物および分解物においてGLP-1分泌刺激活性を有することが知られている(Food Chemistry, 189, 2015, p.120-128)。
そこで、実施例1で確認されたミセラカゼインのGLP-1分泌刺激活性が、ホエイたんぱく質に起因するものだけではないことを確認するために、以下の試験を行った。
実施例1で使用したミセラカゼイン、及び、カゼインナトリウム素材(Tatua100、Tatua社)とホエイたんぱく質精製物(Whey Protein Isolate:WPI、WPI8855、Fonterra社)とを質量比90.6:9.4で混合した組成物を、試料として用意した。各試料について、パンクレアチンの反応時間を30分間,60分間又は120分間とする以外は実施例1と同様の方法・条件でペプシン及びパンクレアチンによる消化反応を行い、消化後の溶液を凍結乾燥し、4℃で保存した。
前記(1)の凍結乾燥試料について、実施例1と同様の方法・条件でGLUTag細胞を用いたアッセイを行い、GLP-1分泌量はブランク群を100%とした相対量として表した。サンプル数はいずれも、n=3で行った。
ミセラカゼインの方が、カゼインナトリウム素材とホエイたんぱく質精製物との混合物と比較して、GLP-1分泌刺激活性が高い傾向が見られた。なかでも、ペプシン及びパンクレアチン60分、又はペプシン及びパンクレアチン120分の消化条件において、有意に高かった。このことは、ミセラカゼインによる高いGLP-1分泌刺激活性が、膜処理による調製で混入する10%程度のホエイたんぱく質に起因するもののみではないことを示唆している。なお、これらのデータの有意差検定にはTukey-Kramer法を用いた。
ミセラカゼインと、GLP-1分泌刺激活性を有することが既に知られていたたんぱく質であるκ-カゼイン、又はκ-カゼイン酵素分解物であるグリコマクロペプチドとのGLP-1分泌刺激活性を比較するために、以下の試験を行った。
(1)試料の調製
実施例1で使用したミセラカゼイン、及び、κ-カゼインである「κ-casein from bovine milk」(Sigma-Aldrich社)を、試料として用意した。各試料について、実施例2と同様の方法・条件でペプシン及びパンクレアチンによる消化反応を行い、消化後の溶液を凍結乾燥し、4℃で保存した。
前記(1)の凍結乾燥試料について、実施例1と同様の方法・条件でGLUTag細胞を用いたアッセイを行い、GLP-1分泌量はブランク群を100%とした相対量として測定した。ただし、κ-カゼイン素材の試料の消化物については、HEPESバッファーへの溶解の際に5mg/mL又は0.5mg/mLの濃度とした。また、グリコマクロペプチド(CGMP:Arla社)も試料として用意し、標品をそのままHEPESバッファーに5mg/mLの濃度となるように溶解した。また、アッセイにおいては70mM KClでGLUTag細胞に脱分極刺激を与えたものを陽性対照とした。GLP-1分泌量はブランク群を100%とした相対量として表した。サンプル数はいずれも、n=3~4で行った。
その結果、ミセラカゼインの方が、κ-カゼインと比較して、いずれの消化条件においても有意に高い、GLP-1分泌刺激活性を示した。また、この差は未分解物よりも、人工消化物(表3中のpep only、pep+pan30、pep+pan60)において顕著となる傾向が認められた。なお、これらのデータの有意差検定にはTukey-Kramer法を用いた。
その結果、ミセラカゼインの方が、グリコマクロペプチドと比較して、あらゆる消化条件において、GLP-1分泌刺激活性が有意に高かった。なお、これらのデータの有意差検定にはStudent t-test法を用いた。
なお、特許文献3においてGLP-1分泌促進活性(分泌刺激活性)が確認されているカゼイン加水分解物試料は、本実施例におけるカゼイン酵素分解物(グリコマクロペプチド)を含有するものである。
ミセラカゼインと、酸カゼイン素材を得る際に生じる酸可溶性たんぱく質を含有する酸ホエイ素材とのGLP-1分泌刺激活性を比較するために、以下の試験を行った。
(1)試料の調製
実施例1で使用したミセラカゼイン、及び、酸可溶性たんぱく質を含有する酸ホエイとしてホエイたんぱく質精製物(WPI8855、Fonterra社)を、試料として用意した。各試料について、実施例2と同様の方法・条件でペプシン及びパンクレアチンによる消化反応を行い、消化後の溶液を凍結乾燥し、4℃で保存した。
前記(1)の凍結乾燥試料について、実施例1と同様の方法・条件でGLUTag細胞を用いたアッセイを行い、GLP-1分泌量はブランク群を100%とした相対量として表した。サンプル数はいずれも、n=3で行った。
その結果、ミセラカゼインの方が、酸可溶性たんぱく質を含有する酸ホエイ素材と比較して、GLP-1分泌刺激活性が高い傾向が見られた。なかでも、ペプシン及びパンクレアチン60分、又はペプシン及びパンクレアチン120分の消化条件において、有意に高かった。なお、これらのデータの有意差検定にはTukey-Kramer法を用いた。
なお、特許文献2においてGLP-1遊離刺激活性が確認されている、酸カゼイン素材を取得する際に生じる酸ホエイに含まれるたんぱく質であるミセルカゼインの酸可溶性たんぱく質試料は、本実施例における酸ホエイ試料に相当するものである。
ミセラカゼインと、市販牛乳又は生乳とのGLP-1分泌刺激活性を比較するために、以下の試験を行った。
(1)試料の調製
実施例1で使用したミセラカゼイン、及び市販牛乳として「よつ葉牛乳(UHT殺菌済)」4ロット分を、及び生乳4ロット分を、それぞれ試料として用意した。各試料について、実施例2と同様の方法・条件でペプシン及びパンクレアチンによる消化反応を行い、消化後の溶液を凍結乾燥し、4℃で保存した。
前記(1)の凍結乾燥試料について、実施例1と同様の方法・条件でGLUTag細胞を用いたアッセイを行い、GLP-1分泌量はブランク群を100%とした相対量として表した。サンプル数はいずれも、n=3~4で行った。
その結果、ミセラカゼインの方が、市販牛乳及び生乳と比較して、GLP-1分泌刺激活性が高い傾向が見られた。なかでも、ペプシン及びパンクレアチン60分の消化条件において、有意に高かった。なお、これらのデータの有意差検定にはTukey-Kramer法を用いた。
GLP-1分泌促進活性(分泌刺激活性)を示すミセラカゼインの酵素分解物、及び当該酵素分解物と同条件で消化した酸カゼイン素材並びにカゼインナトリウム素材の各酵素分解物の分子量分布を検討するために試験を行った。
(1)試料の調製
実施例1で使用したミセラカゼイン、酸カゼイン素材、及びカゼインナトリウム素材の各酵素分解物(ペプシン30分及びパンクレアチン60分で消化したもの)を1mg/mlの濃度となるように、50mM ギ酸、20mM 塩化ナトリウム溶液に溶解して試料を調製した。
(2)分子量分布の測定
(1)で調製した試料を、poly-hydroxyethyl-aspartamideゲルを充填したカラムを用いた高速液体クロマトグラフィー(島津製作所社製)で分析した。得られたクロマトグラムは、GPC software(島津製作所社製)で分析し、酵素分解物の割合を分子量範囲毎に解析した。
なお、分子量算出のための参照標品として、IgG(分子量:160,000ダルトン、Sigma-Aldrich社製)、ラクトパーオキシダーゼ(分子量:93,000ダルトン、Sigma-Aldrich社製)、卵白アルブミン(分子量:43,000ダルトン、Sigma-Aldrich社製)、キモトリプシノーゲン(分子量:25,000、Pharmacia社製)、リボヌクレアーゼ(分子量:13,700ダルトン、Pharmacia社製)、インスリン(分子量:5,740ダルトン、和光純薬工業社製)、バシトラシン(分子量:1,427ダルトン、Sigma-Aldrich社製)、オキシトシン(分子量:1,007ダルトン、Bachem Americas社製)、エンケファリナミド(分子量:588ダルトン、Bachem Americas社製)、L-メチオニン(分子量:149ダルトン、協和発酵バイオ社製、L-グルタミン(分子量:146ダルトン、協和発酵バイオ社製)をそれぞれ用いた。
その結果、ミセラカゼインの酵素分解物は、酸カゼイン素材酵素分解物及びカゼインナトリウム素材酵素分解物に比して、2000ダルトン以上の分子量を有する分解物が多い傾向が確認された。
各酵素分解物の重量平均分子量(Mw)を測定した結果、ミセラカゼイン酵素分解物は1554であったのに対して、酸カゼイン素材酵素分解物は742であり、カゼインナトリウム素材酵素分解物は733であり、ミセラカゼインの酵素分解物は、酸カゼイン素材酵素分解物及びカゼインナトリウム素材酵素分解物に比して、約2倍の重量平均分子量を示した。
このように、ミセラカゼイン酵素分解物は、その他のたんぱく質素材酵素分解物と比較して、大きな重量平均分子量を有していたことから、これらの各たんぱく質素材を人工消化に供した場合、分解物として生じるペプチドには構造的な差が生じている可能性が考えられ、この差が人工消化物のGLP-1分泌刺激活性の差を生じさせている可能性が示唆された。さらに、分解物として生じるペプチドが異なることについては、各たんぱく質素材に係る乳素材からの調製方法の違いが、各たんぱく質素材の熱履歴の違いを生じさせ、その結果、素材中に含まれるたんぱく質の変性や凝集の度合いが異なったため、消化性に影響を及ぼしている可能性が示唆された。
ミセラカゼインの消化物が有する高いGLP-1分泌刺激活性の効果本体を同定するために、以下の試験を行った。
実施例2で使用した“ミセラカゼイン”と“カゼインナトリウム素材とホエイたんぱく質精製物を混合した組成物”の消化物を、それぞれナノ液体クロマトグラフ-質量分析装置(Thermo Scientific)を用いて分析することにより、消化物中に含まれるペプチド断片を網羅的に解析した。検出されたペプチド断片の中で、量的に多く含まれ、GLP-1分泌刺激活性に対する寄与が高いと推察された7本のペプチド断片(配列番号1~7)について、Biosynthesis社に合成を依頼した。合成ペプチド(凍結乾燥品)は、納入後-80℃にて保存した。
前記(1)の合成ペプチドを1mM又は5mMの濃度なるようにHEPESバッファーで溶解し、実施例1と同様の方法でGLUTag細胞を用いたアッセイを行った。GLP-1分泌量はブランク群を100%とした相対量として表した。サンプル数はいずれも、n=3で行った。
Claims (13)
- ミセラカゼイン及び/又はその加水分解物を有効成分として含有するGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 前記ミセラカゼインの加水分解物の重量平均分子量が400~5000である、請求項1に記載のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- ミセラカゼインの加水分解物の分画物又は精製物を有効成分として含有するGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 前記ミセラカゼインの加水分解物の分画物又は精製物が、配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドを1種又は複数種含む、請求項3に記載のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチド1種又は複数種を有効成分として含有するGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 医薬品組成物である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 飲食品組成物である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の予防及び/又は改善用、又は食後血糖値抑制用若しくは食欲抑制用である、請求項6又は7に記載のGLP-1分泌促進用組成物。
- 高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の予防及び/又は改善用、又は食後血糖値抑制用若しくは食欲抑制用の飲食品組成物の製造における、ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかの使用。
- 高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の予防及び/又は改善用、又は食後血糖値抑制用若しくは食欲抑制用の医薬品組成物の製造における、ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかの使用。
- GLP-1分泌促進、高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、若しくは過食症の予防及び/又は改善、又は食後血糖値抑制若しくは食欲抑制のために用いられる、ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかを含む組成物。
- ミセラカゼイン、その加水分解物、その分画物、その精製物、及び配列番号1~7のいずれかに示されるアミノ酸配列を含むペプチドから選択される何れかを、対象に投与することを含む、GLP-1分泌が促進することにより予防若しくは改善しうる疾患又は病態、又はGLP-1分泌不全に起因する疾患又は病態を予防及び/又は改善する方法。
- 前記疾患又は病態が、高血糖、糖尿病、肥満症、又は過食症である、請求項12に記載の方法。
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WO2020218380A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-29 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Glp-1分泌促進用組成物 |
WO2022201832A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | Glp-1分泌制御剤のスクリーニング方法、glp-1分泌制御剤、糖尿病、肥満、食後高血糖、神経変性疾患、低血糖、脂肪過多、若しくは膵島細胞症の予防又は改善用組成物、gpr84発現細胞におけるglp-1分泌の促進方法、glp-1分泌促進用組成物の製造方法、gpr84アゴニストの、疾患の治療薬を製造するための使用、glp-1分泌促進剤、経口摂取用組成物 |
CN115353554A (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-11-18 | 上海理工大学 | 一种刺激胰高血糖肽-1分泌的活性肽及其制备方法和应用 |
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EP3916006A1 (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2021-12-01 | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) | Peptides capable of inducing anorexic hormones, compositions and uses thereof |
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JPWO2020218380A1 (ja) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-10-29 | ||
CN113747922A (zh) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-12-03 | 三得利控股株式会社 | Glp-1分泌促进用组合物 |
JP7450613B2 (ja) | 2019-04-26 | 2024-03-15 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Glp-1分泌促進用組成物 |
WO2022201832A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | Glp-1分泌制御剤のスクリーニング方法、glp-1分泌制御剤、糖尿病、肥満、食後高血糖、神経変性疾患、低血糖、脂肪過多、若しくは膵島細胞症の予防又は改善用組成物、gpr84発現細胞におけるglp-1分泌の促進方法、glp-1分泌促進用組成物の製造方法、gpr84アゴニストの、疾患の治療薬を製造するための使用、glp-1分泌促進剤、経口摂取用組成物 |
JPWO2022201832A1 (ja) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-09-29 | ||
JP7289997B2 (ja) | 2021-03-22 | 2023-06-12 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | Glp-1分泌制御剤のスクリーニング方法、glp-1分泌制御剤、糖尿病、肥満、食後高血糖、神経変性疾患、低血糖、脂肪過多、若しくは膵島細胞症の予防又は改善用組成物、gpr84発現細胞におけるglp-1分泌の促進方法、glp-1分泌促進用組成物の製造方法、gpr84アゴニストの、疾患の治療薬を製造するための使用、glp-1分泌促進剤、経口摂取用組成物 |
CN115353554A (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2022-11-18 | 上海理工大学 | 一种刺激胰高血糖肽-1分泌的活性肽及其制备方法和应用 |
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Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3590519A4 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
US20190381128A1 (en) | 2019-12-19 |
CN110381964A (zh) | 2019-10-25 |
JPWO2018159546A1 (ja) | 2019-12-26 |
JP7157043B2 (ja) | 2022-10-19 |
EP3590519A1 (en) | 2020-01-08 |
AU2018227125A1 (en) | 2019-10-24 |
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