WO2018146767A1 - Dispositif de détection de passage par zéro - Google Patents

Dispositif de détection de passage par zéro Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018146767A1
WO2018146767A1 PCT/JP2017/004724 JP2017004724W WO2018146767A1 WO 2018146767 A1 WO2018146767 A1 WO 2018146767A1 JP 2017004724 W JP2017004724 W JP 2017004724W WO 2018146767 A1 WO2018146767 A1 WO 2018146767A1
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Prior art keywords
zero
integration
signal
cross
cross detection
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PCT/JP2017/004724
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
則和 万木
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理化工業株式会社
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Application filed by 理化工業株式会社 filed Critical 理化工業株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2017/004724 priority Critical patent/WO2018146767A1/fr
Priority to CN201780083075.2A priority patent/CN110192113B/zh
Priority to PCT/JP2017/031754 priority patent/WO2018146844A1/fr
Priority to JP2018566744A priority patent/JP6792177B2/ja
Publication of WO2018146767A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018146767A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/175—Indicating the instants of passage of current or voltage through a given value, e.g. passage through zero

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a zero-cross detection device for detecting the position of a zero-cross of an AC signal.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a zero-cross signal output device corresponding to such a problem.
  • Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to divert the same circuit to another application because a circuit dedicated to zero cross detection is used.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a zero-cross detection device using a general-purpose input circuit that is not easily affected by noise and can be used for other purposes.
  • a zero-cross detector that detects the zero-cross position of the signal;
  • a zero-cross detection device comprising:
  • the zero cross detection unit selects two from the plurality of integration ranges, and detects the position of the zero cross of the AC signal based on an area difference that is a difference between integration values for the two selected integration ranges.
  • the zero-cross detection device according to claim 1.
  • (Configuration 4) 4. The zero-cross detection according to claim 2, wherein the zero-cross detection unit selects two of the integration ranges corresponding to the integration range in which at least one of the integration value and the area difference is maximum. apparatus.
  • the zero cross detection unit selects an arithmetic expression for zero cross detection of the AC signal based on at least one of the integral value or the area difference, and based on the selected arithmetic expression and the area difference. 5. The zero-cross detection device according to claim 2, wherein the zero-cross of the AC signal is detected.
  • (Configuration 7) An input process in which an AC signal is input to the input unit; An integral value calculating step for calculating an integral value of the AC signal for a plurality of integration ranges that are a period of 1 ⁇ 4 period or less of the AC signal; A zero-cross detecting step for detecting a zero-cross position of the alternating current signal based on the integral value; A zero-cross detection method comprising:
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a zero-cross detection device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a flowchart showing schematic operation
  • detection means that the position of the zero cross is calculated and uniquely determined, or the range where the zero cross exists is specified, and the same applies to the following.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a zero-cross detection device 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the zero cross detection device 1 is a device that detects and outputs a zero cross of an input AC signal, and includes an input unit 110, an absolute value conversion unit 120, a VF conversion unit 130, and an MCU 200.
  • the MCU 200 includes a microcontroller unit and the like, and includes an integral value calculation unit 140, a recording unit 150, a zero cross detection unit 160, and an instruction unit 170.
  • the input unit 110 is a signal acquisition unit from an AC power source (not shown) or the like, and receives an AC signal.
  • the absolute value conversion unit 120 is configured by a full-wave rectification circuit or the like, and has a function of converting an AC signal input from the input unit 110 into an absolute value and outputting the absolute value.
  • the VF conversion unit 130 includes a VF converter (Voltage-to-Frequency converter) and the like, and has a function of converting the absolute value of the AC signal input from the absolute value conversion unit 120 into a pulse train and outputting it. .
  • the instructing unit 170 includes an integration start signal and an integration stop signal for instructing start and stop of integration processing of the integral value calculating unit 140 based on an integration range, integration number, and operation timing, which will be described later, set in advance, and a recording unit 150.
  • a recording instruction signal and a detection instruction signal to the zero-cross detector 160 are output.
  • the integration value calculation unit 140 is configured by a pulse counter or the like. Based on the integration start signal and the integration stop signal from the instruction unit 170, the integration value calculation unit 140 calculates the integration value of the pulse train input from the VF conversion unit 130, and It has a function of outputting an integral value.
  • the recording unit 150 is configured by a RAM or the like.
  • the recording unit 150 Based on a recording instruction signal from the instruction unit 170, the recording unit 150 records the integral value input from the integral value calculation unit 140 and outputs the recorded integral value.
  • the zero cross detection unit 160 is a calculation unit, and detects a zero cross of the alternating current signal input to the input unit 110 based on a plurality of integration values input from the recording unit 150 based on a detection instruction signal from the instruction unit 170. And a function of outputting the detection result.
  • step 410 an AC signal is input to the input unit 110 from an AC power source (not shown) or the like, converted to a predetermined signal level, this signal is output to the absolute value conversion unit 120, and the process proceeds to step 420.
  • the absolute value conversion unit 120 converts the input signal into an absolute value, outputs the converted signal to the VF conversion unit 130, and proceeds to step 430.
  • the VF conversion unit 130 converts the voltage of the input signal into a pulse signal having a frequency proportional to the voltage, outputs the pulse signal to the integral value calculation unit 140, and proceeds to step 440.
  • step 440 when the integration start signal is input from the instruction unit 170, the integral value calculation unit 140 counts the number of pulses of the pulse signal input from the VF conversion unit 130 until the integration stop signal is input. To calculate the integral value.
  • the calculated integration value is output to the recording unit 150.
  • the recording unit 150 records the integration value input from the integral value calculation unit 140.
  • step 450 the zero cross detection unit 160 detects the zero cross of the AC signal based on the detection instruction signal input from the instruction unit 170 and the integral value recorded in the recording unit 150. Details of the operation of the zero cross detector 160 will be described later.
  • step 460 the zero cross detection unit 160 outputs the detection result and ends the operation.
  • the instruction unit 170 outputs an integration start signal and an integration stop signal to the integration value calculation unit 140 based on the previously set integration range, number of integrations, and operation timing.
  • the “integration range” indicates a period from when the integration start signal is input to when the integration stop signal is input, and “operation timing” indicates the interval between the integration start signal and the next integration start signal.
  • the instruction unit 170 outputs an integration stop signal to the integral value calculation unit 140 and simultaneously outputs a recording instruction signal to the recording unit 150.
  • the instruction unit 170 repeats the output operation of the integration start signal, the integration stop signal, and the recording instruction signal for the number of integrations set in advance. Further, the integration value calculation unit 140 integrates the pulse signal input from the VF conversion unit 130 as a count value from when the integration start signal is input from the instruction unit 170 to when the integration stop signal is input, When the integration stop signal is input, the count value is output to the recording unit 150 as an integral value. The integration value calculation unit 140 resets the internal count value at the same time that the integration start signal is input from the instruction unit 170. Further, the integration value calculation unit 140 does not integrate the count value except after the integration start signal is input from the instruction unit 170 until the integration stop signal is input. When the recording instruction signal is input from the instruction unit 170, the recording unit 150 records the integration value input from the integral value calculation unit 140.
  • the “integration range” indicates a period from when the integration start signal is input to when the integration stop signal is input, and is a period of 1 ⁇ 4 cycle or less of the AC signal. Is also referred to.
  • the integral value is also referred to as “area”, and the same applies to the following.
  • the integration start signal the next integration start signal can be output immediately after the integration stop signal is output, and a plurality of integration values can be recorded continuously.
  • the timing at which the integration start signal is output in the first integration range serving as a detection reference among the plurality of integration values recorded in the recording unit 150 is simply referred to as “measurement start point”.
  • phase difference between ⁇ a and ⁇ b of the two integration ranges is determined as in Equation 1.
  • the possible value of the integration range ⁇ is determined as in the following formula 2.
  • the difference (area difference) between the integrated values Sa and Sb can be expressed as the following Equation 3.
  • Equation 5 an arithmetic expression for deriving ⁇ a from the area difference Sa ⁇ Sb can be obtained.
  • phase difference ⁇ a from the zero cross to the first integration range can be calculated by the area difference Sa ⁇ Sb. That is, the position of the zero cross can be uniquely determined based on the starting point of the first integration range.
  • step 450 in FIG. 2 is performed.
  • the values set in the instruction unit 170 include the integration range ⁇ of ⁇ / 4, the number of integrations of 4, the operation timing of ⁇ / 4 intervals, and the recording unit 150 having an AC signal of ⁇ / 4.
  • Four integral values corresponding to are continuously recorded.
  • the four integral values recorded in the recording unit 150 are S1 ′ to S4 ′, respectively, and the integral values normalized so that the amplitude of the AC signal is 1 are S1 to S4, respectively, and from zero cross to S1 To S4 are the phase differences from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 4, respectively.
  • the AC signal is a sine wave having an amplitude of 1
  • the relationship between the phase difference ⁇ 1 from the zero cross to the measurement start point and the integration values S1 to S4 is as shown in FIG. Based on this characteristic, the range of application of Equation 5 is roughly divided into four to cover the range 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ necessary for zero cross detection.
  • the range where S2 is maximum coincides with the range where ⁇ 1 is 0 ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ / 4.
  • ⁇ 1 is set to ⁇ a in Equation 5
  • S1 and S3 which are integral values having a phase difference of ⁇ / 2 in Sa and Sb
  • ⁇ are set to ⁇ . May correspond to ⁇ / 4. Therefore, an arithmetic expression related to the phase difference ⁇ 1 from the zero cross to the measurement start point is expressed by the following formula 6.
  • Equation 5 is applied in the range of 0 ⁇ ⁇ 4 ⁇ ⁇ / 4. can do. Therefore, ⁇ 4, S4, and S2 may be associated with ⁇ a, Sa, and Sb in Formula 5, and ⁇ / 4 may be associated with ⁇ . Therefore, a mathematical expression such as Equation 7 is established.
  • Equation 9 a mathematical expression such as Equation 9 can be obtained.
  • Equation 11 a mathematical expression such as Equation 11 can be obtained.
  • the relationship between the integration values S1 ′ to S4 ′ recorded in the recording unit 150 in the actual operation and the integration values S1 to S4 used in the respective arithmetic expressions is based on a preset normalization coefficient Vm (an integration range Normalization can be performed using 1 ⁇ 2 of the integral value obtained when ⁇ is used.
  • Vm an integration range Normalization can be performed using 1 ⁇ 2 of the integral value obtained when ⁇ is used.
  • the integral value S1 it can be expressed by the equation (13).
  • the total value of the integration values S1 ′ to S4 ′ in the four consecutive integration ranges is equivalent to the integration value when the integration range is ⁇ . Therefore, for example, an equation for obtaining the normalized value of the area difference (S1 ⁇ S3) can be expressed as in Expression 14.
  • the zero cross is detected by judging the magnitude relationship between the integral values S1 to S4 or S1 ′ to S4 ′ (the target zero cross).
  • the phase difference from the measurement start point to the measurement start point can be calculated).
  • Equation 6 When the integral value having the maximum value is determined as S2 ′, Equation 6 is When the integral value having the maximum value is determined as S3 ′, Equation 12 is When it is determined that the integral value having the maximum value is S4 ′, the position of the zero cross is calculated by calculation using Equation 10.
  • ⁇ Zero cross detection result for actual AC signal> Using the zero-cross detection device 1 according to the first embodiment, zero-cross detection is performed on an AC signal that changes sinusoidally.
  • the frequency of the AC signal is 50 Hz
  • the integration time corresponding to the integration range ⁇ / 4 is 2.5 milliseconds.
  • the detection result is converted into an angle, and the angle is displayed in the range of 0.0 ° to 179.9 °.
  • FIG. 6 (1) to FIG. 6 (6) are based on the observation result of the AC signal input to the input unit 110 and the trigger signal synchronized with the timing of the measurement start point, and the integrated value S1 ′ recorded in each recording operation.
  • S4 ′ a preset normalization coefficient Vm, MAX that is the determination result of the integration range having the maximum value, and the phase difference ⁇ 1 from the zero cross that is the zero cross detection result to the measurement start point.
  • the phase difference ⁇ 1 from the zero cross that is the detection result to the measurement start point is almost the same as ⁇ 1 that can be read from the observation result.
  • the zero cross detection apparatus 1 of this Embodiment 1 is effective also in the alternating current signal with which the noise was superimposed.
  • the zero-cross detection device 1 is configured such that the zero-cross detection unit 160 detects the zero-cross using the integration value of the AC signal calculated by the integration value calculation unit 140. Even if a low-pass filter circuit or a comparator is not used for the input unit 110, a zero-cross detection device that is not easily affected by noise can be obtained. Further, the zero-cross detection device 1 according to the first embodiment is configured by the input unit 110, the absolute value conversion unit 120, the VF conversion unit 130, and the MCU 200, and these combinations can be used as a circuit configuration for acquiring an analog input value. It is effective and can be used regardless of direct current or alternating current.
  • the zero cross detection device 1 according to the first embodiment can be used for purposes other than the zero cross detection, and can be used as a general-purpose input circuit.
  • the zero-cross detection device 1 according to the first embodiment allows the zero-cross detection unit 160 to measure from the zero cross by using the maximum integral value and the corresponding arithmetic expression regardless of the timing at which the measurement start point is the AC signal.
  • the zero-cross detection device 1 Since the phase difference up to the start point can be calculated, it is possible to obtain a zero-cross detection device that can detect the position of the zero-cross even if the zero-cross detection operation is performed at an arbitrary timing.
  • the zero-cross detection device 1 according to the first embodiment is configured such that the zero-cross detection unit 160 outputs the detection result of the zero-cross based on the phase difference from the zero-cross to the measurement start point. It is possible to obtain a zero-cross detector that can determine the relative positional relationship between the two.
  • the zero-cross detection device 2 according to the second embodiment is the same as the zero-cross detection device 1 according to the first embodiment except that the zero-cross detection unit 260 is provided. Therefore, the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment is omitted.
  • the zero-cross detector 260 first determines which integral value from S1 ′ to S4 ′ is the smallest. Then, it is determined that there is a zero cross in the integration range where the integral value is minimum, and data corresponding to the integration range is output as a zero cross detection result.
  • the zero-cross detection device 2 is configured such that the zero-cross detection unit 260 can detect the zero-cross position without using an arithmetic expression using the same circuit configuration as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a zero cross detection device that further reduces the calculation cost.
  • a detection method switching unit (not shown) selects a detection method according to necessity by switching to the zero-cross detection unit 160 when detailed zero-cross position detection is necessary, and switching to the zero-cross detection unit 260 otherwise. It becomes possible to do.
  • Each configuration in each embodiment may be configured in hardware by a dedicated circuit or the like, or may be realized in software on a general-purpose circuit such as a microcomputer.
  • the integration operation in each embodiment is realized by the VF conversion unit 130 and the integration value calculation unit 140, but may be realized by using a ⁇ AD converter or the like.
  • the operation is terminated after the process of step 460. However, as soon as step 460 is completed, the next step 410 may be started after a certain period of time.
  • the zero cross may be detected every time the necessary number of integration operations are completed, or at an appropriate interval. Zero cross detection may be performed by setting (for example, a 1-second cycle).
  • the zero cross detection unit 160 is configured to detect the zero cross based on the inverse sine function using the area difference as shown in Equation 5, but based on the inverse cosine function using the area difference. It is also possible to configure to detect zero crossing. In that case, the inverse cosine function corresponding to Equation 5 is as shown in Equation 15 below.
  • the zero cross detection unit 160 is configured to detect the zero cross by the arithmetic expression based on Expression 5, but the combination of the integration range, the number of integrations, and the operation timing can be easily changed. You may be comprised so that a zero cross may be detected based on the arithmetic expression transformed into the form which is easy to perform arithmetic. Such an arithmetic expression corresponding to Equation 5 is shown in Equation 16.
  • the coefficient ⁇ is ⁇ / 8.
  • the integration range is ⁇ / 6, the number of integrations is 6, and the operation timing is ⁇ .
  • the coefficient ⁇ is ⁇ / 6.
  • Equation 4 when the zero-cross detection principle is considered, the inverse sine function is obtained from Equation 4. However, after approximating Equation 4 as a periodic function, the area difference Sa ⁇ Sb is calculated. The zero cross may be detected based on an arithmetic expression for deriving ⁇ a.
  • An approximate expression corresponding to Expression 4 when the integration range is ⁇ / 4 is shown in Expression 17, and an arithmetic expression corresponding to Expression 5 is shown in Expression 18.
  • the integration range set in advance in the zero-crossing detection unit 160 is configured to be ⁇ / 4, but may be configured to set other values. Even when the range is 0 ⁇ ⁇ / 4, as in the description in FIG. 5, the calculation formula for calculating ⁇ 1 based on Equation 5 is derived by considering the phase difference between the integration ranges.
  • the value of the integration range is preferably a value obtained by dividing the phase difference ⁇ / 2 by an integer so that the integration operation can be carried out continuously (no break in the integration operation occurs).
  • ⁇ / 4 which is the upper limit value of the number 2 that defines the integral range, is particularly suitable.
  • the integration range set in advance in the zero cross detection unit 160 is configured to be ⁇ / 4.
  • the integration range is a range of ⁇ / 4 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ / 2.
  • the calculation error is about 1 °
  • the calculation error is It is possible to detect a zero cross at about 5 °.
  • the integration range may partially overlap. Under such conditions, it is only necessary to configure the integral value calculation unit 140 so that the integral values can be calculated in parallel in a range where the integral ranges overlap.
  • the zero-cross detection unit 160 is configured to select the zero-cross detection calculation formula based on the range in which the integral value is maximum, but the zero-cross detection is performed based on the range in which the integral value is minimum. It may be configured to select an arithmetic expression. In the first embodiment, the zero-cross detection unit 160 is configured to select an arithmetic expression for zero-cross detection based on a range in which the integral value is maximum. However, an area difference of a combination necessary for the calculation is calculated in advance. In addition, the calculation formula for zero cross detection may be selected using the maximum or minimum area difference.
  • the zero-cross detection unit 160 may be configured to select an arithmetic expression based on the integral value or the size of the area difference.
  • the zero-cross detection unit 160 is configured to perform zero-cross detection using a predetermined arithmetic expression such as Equation 6, Equation 8, Equation 10, Equation 12, and the like. It may be configured to use a reference or the like. Further, the zero-cross detection unit 160 is configured to perform zero-cross detection using predetermined arithmetic expressions such as Expression 6, Expression 8, Expression 10, and Expression 12. However, from the viewpoint of calculation cost, the predetermined calculation expression is first-order. You may simplify to approximate expressions, such as a function.
  • ⁇ Difference in output data> when the zero cross detection unit 260 of the second embodiment determines that specific angle data, for example, S3 ′ is minimum, 67.5 ° is output, but for example, S3 ′ is minimum. If determined, 3 may be output, that is, data (such as an integer from 1 to 4) that can specify the integration range determined to be the minimum may be output. Further, although the integration range in the second embodiment is ⁇ / 4, the integration range may be reduced within a range that does not affect the determination of the magnitude of the integration value.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Current Or Voltage (AREA)
  • Measuring Phase Differences (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de détection de passage par zéro (1) dans lequel : une unité de calcul intégrale (140) calcule des intégrales d'un signal de courant alternatif et enregistre quatre intégrales S1' à S4' dans une unité d'enregistrement (150) ; et une unité de détection de passage par zéro (160) qui détermine la valeur maximale desdites S1' à S4' et détecte des passages par zéro du signal de courant alternatif par une expression arithmétique correspondant au résultat de la détermination. Ainsi, il est possible de fournir un dispositif de détection de passage par zéro utilisant un circuit d'entrée à usage général, moins susceptible d'être affecté par le bruit et pouvant être utilisé à d'autres fins.
PCT/JP2017/004724 2017-02-09 2017-02-09 Dispositif de détection de passage par zéro WO2018146767A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2017/004724 WO2018146767A1 (fr) 2017-02-09 2017-02-09 Dispositif de détection de passage par zéro
CN201780083075.2A CN110192113B (zh) 2017-02-09 2017-09-04 过零检测装置以及过零检测方法
PCT/JP2017/031754 WO2018146844A1 (fr) 2017-02-09 2017-09-04 Dispositif et procédé de détection de passage par zéro
JP2018566744A JP6792177B2 (ja) 2017-02-09 2017-09-04 ゼロクロス検出装置及びゼロクロス検出方法

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JPS59200521A (ja) * 1983-04-27 1984-11-13 Yaskawa Electric Mfg Co Ltd 正弦波信号の零交差点検出方法
JPH07509051A (ja) * 1991-12-13 1995-10-05 ザ、ダウ、ケミカル、カンパニー 高速電力解析装置
JPH05322941A (ja) * 1992-05-20 1993-12-07 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 交流計測装置の調整方法
JPH1010163A (ja) * 1996-06-20 1998-01-16 Yokogawa Electric Corp 実効値電圧測定装置
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WO2018146844A1 (fr) 2018-08-16

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