WO2018113767A1 - 聚酯中空长纤维及其制备方法 - Google Patents

聚酯中空长纤维及其制备方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018113767A1
WO2018113767A1 PCT/CN2017/117924 CN2017117924W WO2018113767A1 WO 2018113767 A1 WO2018113767 A1 WO 2018113767A1 CN 2017117924 W CN2017117924 W CN 2017117924W WO 2018113767 A1 WO2018113767 A1 WO 2018113767A1
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Prior art keywords
fiber
hollow
long fiber
polyester
fluffy
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PCT/CN2017/117924
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
倪春健
吉宫隆之
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东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司
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Application filed by 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司 filed Critical 东丽纤维研究所（中国）有限公司
Priority to CN201780065153.6A priority Critical patent/CN109844189A/zh
Priority to US16/471,099 priority patent/US20200017995A1/en
Priority to AU2017379039A priority patent/AU2017379039A1/en
Priority to EP17884141.7A priority patent/EP3561160B1/en
Priority to RU2019119407A priority patent/RU2748416C2/ru
Priority to CA3047479A priority patent/CA3047479A1/en
Priority to JP2019530414A priority patent/JP7081598B2/ja
Priority to KR1020197016525A priority patent/KR102338025B1/ko
Publication of WO2018113767A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018113767A1/zh
Priority to PH12019501278A priority patent/PH12019501278A1/en

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/02—Heat treatment
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/253—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a non-circular cross section; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G1/00—Producing crimped or curled fibres, filaments, yarns, or threads, giving them latent characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/24—Bulked yarns or threads, e.g. formed from staple fibre components with different relaxation characteristics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2505/00—Industrial
    • D10B2505/06—Packings, gaskets, seals

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow long fiber of hollow crimped shape and a preparation method thereof, and the hollow long fiber is suitable for making long cotton for filling.
  • feather downs of waterfowl such as goose down, duck down, etc.
  • Bird flu that has occurred worldwide has led to a sharp decline in the production of down, which has caused prices to rise.
  • consumers also have doubts about the safety of down. If the natural feathers are not adequately washed, it will cause bad odor. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the odor-causing dirt in advance and maintain the cleanliness of the feathers.
  • the polyester hollow long fiber of the present invention has a hollowness of 20.0% to 45.0% in cross section, and the polyester hollow long fiber has a three-dimensional curly shape in a natural state, and the radius of curvature of the curled shape is 10.0 mm to 50.0. Mm.
  • the polyester hollow long fiber of the present invention preferably has a single yarn fineness of 4.0 dtex to 15.0 dtex, and more preferably 5.0 dtex to 10.0 dtex.
  • the polyester hollow long fiber of the present invention has a three-dimensionally-shaped crimped shape after dry heat treatment at 160 ° C for 3 minutes, and has a radius of curvature of a curled state of 3.5 mm to 10.0 mm.
  • the polyester hollow long fiber of the present invention has a polymer raw material of polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or a modified polymer thereof.
  • the invention also discloses a preparation method of the above-mentioned polyester hollow filament micro-micro, the dried slice is melt-extruded by a screw and then sent to a metering pump through a pipe, and the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinning plate of the spinning assembly is a hollow spinning plate, the cooling distance is 10 to 150 mm, and the wind speed of the side blowing is 25 to 90m/min.
  • the cooling distance is preferably 60 to 110 mm; and the wind speed of the side blowing is 30 to 50 m/min.
  • the polyester hollow long fiber of the invention is obtained by a melt spinning process, has the advantages of simple production and low cost, and has a three-dimensional three-dimensional crimp structure, and is suitable for processing into a fluffy processed silk which can be used as a long cotton. bundle.
  • Figure 1 is a triangular hollow cross-sectional shape view of a polyester hollow long fiber.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a quadrangular hollow cross-sectional shape of a polyester hollow long fiber.
  • Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional, crimped shape view of a polyester hollow long fiber in a natural state.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the measurement of the radius of curvature.
  • the present invention provides a polyester hollow long fiber suitable for processing into a fluffy processed tow. Since the hollow fiber has a three-dimensionally-shaped crimped structural feature, the processed fluffy processed tow also has a three-dimensional structure, so that the bulk of the fluffy tow is large, and a fluffy processed tow excellent in bulkiness can be obtained. In the fiber-forming polymer, the Young's modulus of the polyester fiber is relatively high, so that the obtained fluffy processed tow has good pressure resistance and recovery.
  • the three-dimensionally crimped shape means that the fiber exhibits an irregular spiral structure in the long direction ( FIG. 3 ), and at the same time, due to the difference in alignment between a part of the monofilaments, the rotation mode and direction of the monofilaments are different. Multi-dimensional three-dimensional shape.
  • the polyester hollow long fibers of the present invention are hollow fibers produced by a melt spinning technique.
  • the molten polyester chips are discharged through a profiled hollow spinneret and then coiled and cooled by side blowing.
  • the cooling distance is changed by adjusting the position of the side blowing, the wind speed of the side blowing, the spinning speed and the like are adjusted to control the hollowness of the hollow fiber in the range of 20.0% to 45.0%, and the curvature of the three-dimensionally curly shape.
  • the radius is in the range of 10.0 mm to 50.0 mm.
  • the hollow fiber of the same fiber diameter has a higher bulkiness of the fluffy processed yarn obtained by using the hollow fiber, and the higher the hollowness, the more obvious the light weight. If the radius of curvature of the hollow fiber is too small, the cohesion between the filaments of the fiber is high, the fiber is not easy to be opened during the processing of the fluffy wire, and the diameter of the ring formed by the fiber is small, which affects the bulkiness of the processed tow.
  • the crimp radius of the fiber is too large, the diameter of the ring formed by the fiber after being processed into a fluffy processed tow is too large, which may weaken or fail to reflect the original three-dimensional effect of the sheath fiber, and also affect the bulkiness of the processed tow.
  • the cross section of the hollow fiber is also slightly different.
  • the shape of the hollow portion has a circular shape, an approximately triangular shape, an approximately square shape, an approximately pentagon shape, and the like, and the number of holes in the hollow section is not limited to one hole.
  • the single-fiber fineness of the hollow polyester long fibers of the present invention is preferably from 4.0 dtex to 15.0 dtex.
  • the diameter of the monofilament fiber is too large, it is not easy to be cooled during spinning, and the uniformity of the fiber is lowered, and the fluffy tow of the finished fabric is hard. Therefore, it is more preferable that the monofilament fineness of the hollow polyester long fiber ranges from 5.0 dtex to 10.0 dtex.
  • the raw material of the hollow polyester long fiber of the present invention is mainly a common polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate, in order to impart fluffy processing.
  • a modified copolymer of the above polymer such as an antibacterial and antimony-modified polymer, and the same effect as ordinary polyester can be achieved in terms of bulk properties.
  • Hollow polyester long fiber is one of the raw materials for making fluffy processed tow. It can be directly N combined to form fluffy processed tow and used directly as filled cotton, or it can be combined with other raw materials, such as melting point.
  • the slightly lower fiber is made into a mixed fiber and then used as a filled long cotton; or the mixed fiber is further combined with the hollow polyester long fiber for core-sheathing and then partially melted to obtain a more excellent fluffy processed silk. The bundle is then used to fill the long cotton.
  • the hollow polyester long fiber of the present invention still has a three-dimensional shape after dry heat treatment at 160 ° C for 3 minutes, and the curl shape may vary due to the thermal shrinkage of the fiber, and the radius of curvature preferably ranges from 3.5 mm to 10.0 mm. In this case, even after the subsequent processing, the hollow polyester long fibers can maintain a fluffy three-dimensionally-curled shape, and are excellent in hand feeling, bulkiness, heat retention and the like.
  • the long-fiber polyester hollow long fiber of the present invention can be prepared by the following method, but is not limited to the method:
  • the raw material polyester chips are dried to reduce the water content of the polyester chips, improve the spinnability, and control the water content of the chips to be 50 ppm or less.
  • the dried sections were spun by a general melt spinning method.
  • the slice is melted by a screw or a hot plate and sent to a metering pump through a pipe. After the metering pump accurately measures, the melt polymer enters the spinning assembly, and the spinneret used in the spinning assembly is a special spinning wire for hollow fiber spinning. board.
  • the polymer discharged from the spinneret is cooled and oiled and then taken up.
  • the cooling distance (the distance from the lower edge of the spinneret to the upper edge of the cooling side) in the spinning process is relatively strict, and is generally controlled within the range of 10 to 150 mm, preferably 60 to Within the range of 100mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is also required, depending on the fiber type (total fineness and number of filaments), It is generally controlled in the range of 25 to 90 m/min, preferably 30 to 50 m/min.
  • the asymmetric cooling effect is not obvious, and the radius of curvature of the fiber is too large; when the wind speed of the side blowing is greater than 90 m/min, the asymmetric effect is more obvious, resulting in fiber.
  • the radius of curvature is too small, and the side blowing over the assembly causes the fiber to swing a large amplitude, the spinning is unstable, and the phenomenon of floating monofilament and broken wire is prone to occur.
  • the arrangement of the spinneret discharge holes is preferably a "chicken" arrangement, which is often referred to as a diamond arrangement.
  • the spinning process mainly adopts a one-step spinning process, that is, spinning/stretching is completed simultaneously, that is, commonly known as FDY.
  • FDY spinning/stretching is completed simultaneously
  • POY fiber which is worthy of pre-orientation
  • DT drawing machine
  • the polyester hollow long fiber of the invention has a three-dimensional crimped structure, and at the same time, the fiber monofilament is relatively thick, and the fluffy processed tow obtained by the hollow long fiber has a high exclusion volume and a high bulkiness, and has excellent properties. Compressive resistance.
  • test method involved in the present invention is as follows:
  • the total fineness test was tested according to the JIS L 1013:2010 standard, and the single-filament fineness was calculated by the total fineness and the number of filaments.
  • the hollow long fibers are cut into thin slices (ie, fiber cross-section) in the longitudinal direction, and are photographed under a normal optical microscope to a suitable magnification, and the area S 1 of the hollow portion and the area S 2 of the entire fiber are calculated according to the photograph (including the hollow portion). ), then calculate:
  • Curvature radius of the natural state The yarn is curled by a ruler (for denier measurement) by 10 turns (1 m/turn), and then the sample to be tested is placed in a constant temperature and humidity environment (20 ° C ⁇ 65% RH) ( Hanging) 8h or more to make its state stable ( Figure 3), then select the curved part within 20 cm below the sample for radius measurement, select After 20 measurements in different places, the average is obtained, and the obtained data is the radius of curvature.
  • the measuring instrument is a digital microscopy system (VHX-2000C) manufactured by KEYENCE. The magnification is 20 times.
  • the radius of curvature is measured by the calculation function of the radius of curvature in the software (Fig. 4). That is, the radius of curvature of the fiber is measured by crimping the three positions on the fiber.
  • Curvature radius after dry heat treatment The yarn is passed through a ruler (for denier measurement) to curl the sample for 10 times, and then placed in a dryer for heat treatment at 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min, and then the sample is kept in a constant temperature and humidity environment. Place it for more than 4 hours, and finally select the curved part within 20 cm below to measure the radius, and select 20 different places to measure and average. The resulting data is the radius of curvature.
  • the sample to be tested is placed in an environment of 20 ° C ⁇ 65% RH for 8 hours or more, so that the sample to be tested is stable;
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 25m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 300T-20f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 20.0%, the single wire fineness is 15.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 50.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 10.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 390 inch 3 /30 g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 40m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 150T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single wire fineness is 15.0dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 42.0mm. After 160°C ⁇ 3min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 8.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 600 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 40m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 60T-4f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 45.0%, the single wire fineness is 15.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 37.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 7.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested to have a bulkiness of 800 inch 3 / 30 g for the fluffy processed tow. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 40.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 7.8 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 640 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 50m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-20f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single wire fineness is 5.0dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 35.0mm. After 160°C ⁇ 3min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 6.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the tow was processed to measure the bulk of the fluffy processed tow to 610 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 75m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 60T-15f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 45.0%, the single wire fineness is 4.0dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 10.0mm. After 160°C ⁇ 3min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 3.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 480 inch 3 /30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 70m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 65T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single wire fineness is 6.5dtex, the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 30.0mm, after 160°C ⁇ 3min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 6.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 640 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 70m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 50T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single wire fineness is 5.0dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 20.0mm. After 160°C ⁇ 3min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 4.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 520 inch 3 /30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 25m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 60T-4f, the hollow section is hollow at four corners, the hollowness is 45.0%, the single fiber fineness is 15.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 42.0 mm. After 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 8.1 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the bulk of the fluffy processed tow was 760 inch 3 / 30 g. See Table 1 for details.
  • the raw material was a conventional polytrimethylene terephthalate chip (i.e., ordinary 3GT), and the polytrimethylene terephthalate was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer to have a water content of 30 ppm after drying.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single fiber fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 38.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 7.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 630 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 1 for details.
  • the raw material was a conventional polybutylene terephthalate chip (i.e., ordinary PBT), and the polybutylene terephthalate was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer to have a water content of 33 ppm after drying.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single-filament fineness is 10.0dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 36.0mm. After 160°C ⁇ 3min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 7.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 600 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • the raw material was cut with a cationically modified polyethylene terephthalate, and the cationically modified polyethylene terephthalate was dried by a precrystallization dehumidifying dryer to have a water content of 30 ppm after drying.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 33.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 33.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 6.4 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the tow was processed to measure the bulk of the fluffy processed tow to 610 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 10 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 40.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 12.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 3.6 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 490 inch 3 /30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 60 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 37.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 30.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 6.1 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 600 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 90 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 32.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 34.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 9.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 720 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 110 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 30.0%, the single fiber fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 38.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 12.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the tow was processed to measure the bulkiness of the fluffy processed tow to 620 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and extruded by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 150 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 25.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 44.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 14.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 550 inch 3 /30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 90m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 35.0%, the single fiber fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 18.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 3.9 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the bulk of the fluffy processed tow was 510 inch 3 /30g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 50m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 28.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 28.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 4.5 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 530 inch 3 / 30 g. See Table 2 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and extruded by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a common round hole spinneret, and the cooling distance is 65mm, the side wind speed of 25m / min, after the DSD high-speed spinning process to produce polyester fiber.
  • the characteristics of the fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 56T-24f, the cross section is solid round, the single wire fineness is 2.3 dtex, and there is no curling property before and after heat treatment.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the tow was processed and the fluffy processed tow was 240 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 3 for details.
  • the obtained fiber does not have curl, and the bulkiness is small, and it is not suitable for use as a filling cotton instead of feather.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 90 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 10.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 40.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 10.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 310 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 3 for details.
  • the hollowness of the fiber is too small, although it has a radius of curvature, it is light in weight and has a small bulkiness, and is not suitable for use as a filling cotton instead of feather.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and extruded by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 5 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 35m/min, and the spinning is performed by the DSD high-speed spinning process. Since the cooling distance is too close, although spinning can be performed, the phenomenon of broken wire and floating wire is serious, and the feasibility of production is low. See Table 3 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the side air blow speed is 110m/min, and the spinning is performed by the DSD high-speed spinning process. Since the side blower wind speed is too large, although the spinning can be performed, the fiber shake is severely caused to cause serious breakage and fluttering, and the production feasibility is low. See Table 3 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 200 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 70m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 15.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 65.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 23.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 350 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 3 for details.
  • a semi-dull polyester chip (T200N manufactured by Toray Fiber Synthetic Fiber Co., Ltd.) was used, and the polyester chip was dried by a pre-crystallization dehumidifying dryer, and the water content after drying was 39 ppm.
  • the dried slice is melted and squeezed by a screw and sent to a metering pump through a pipe.
  • the polymer accurately metered by the metering pump is sent to the spinning assembly.
  • the spinneret of the spinning assembly is a hollow special spinneret with a cooling distance of 65 mm.
  • the wind speed of the side blowing is 20m/min, and the hollow polyester fiber is obtained through the DSD high-speed spinning process.
  • the characteristics of the hollow fiber are as follows: the fiber type is 100T-10f, the hollow section is triangular hollow, the hollowness is 12.0%, the single wire fineness is 10.0 dtex, and the radius of curvature before heat treatment is 55.0 mm, after 160 ° C ⁇ 3 min dry heat treatment The radius of curvature is 20.0 mm.
  • the fiber is selected as the raw material of the sheath fiber and the core fiber, and is fed by the super feed of the sheath wire feeding speed/core wire feeding speed of 20 times, processed into a core-sheath type fluffy wire, and 6 pieces of wire are obtained, and fluffy is obtained.
  • the processed tow was tested and the fluffy processed tow was 350 inches 3 / 30g. See Table 3 for details.

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Abstract

一种聚酯中空长纤维，其横截面中空度为20.0％～45.0％，所述长纤维在自然状态下为三维立体的卷曲形状，且卷曲形状的曲率半径为10.0mm～50.0mm。使用聚酯中空长纤维加工得到的蓬松加工丝束，蓬松度高。

Description

[根据细则37.2由ISA制定的发明名称]　聚酯中空长纤维及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种中空卷曲形状的聚酯长纤维及其制备方法，该中空长纤维适用于制作填充用长棉。
背景技术
在纺织业内通常将水禽类的羽毛羽绒，例如鹅绒、鸭绒等填充在羽绒被、睡袋和各种防寒保暖的制品中。世界范围内出现的禽流感导致羽绒的产量急剧下降，从而引起价格的上涨。同时消费者对羽绒的安全性也存在疑虑，天然的羽毛如果洗涤不充分则会导致恶臭，因此需要事先将导致恶臭的污物除去，保持羽毛的洁净度。而且羽毛被褥、羽毛夹克等羽毛内填制品还存在着难以洗涤的问题。
为此，业内人士致力于研究利用合成纤维代替填充用动物羽绒。中国专利CN186187A公开了一种短纤维型的仿羽绒棉，但是短纤维填充棉的蓬松度不高，做成的保温材料触摸时存在颗粒感，同时短纤维型仿羽绒棉洗涤时容易发生偏移。因此，迫切需要开发一种新型的填充材料来代替羽绒。聚酯纤维便于生产同时具有价格低廉的优点，开发聚酯系的填充材料具有很好的市场前景。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有三维立体的卷曲形状的聚酯中空长纤维，适用于制作填充用长棉，以及该聚酯中空长纤维的制备方法。
本发明的聚酯中空长纤维，其横截面的中空度为20.0％～45.0％，该聚酯中空长纤维在自然状态下为三维立体的卷曲形状，且卷曲形状的曲率半径为10.0mm～50.0mm。
本发明的聚酯中空长纤维，其单丝纤度优选为4.0dtex～15.0dtex，更优选为5.0dtex～10.0dtex。
本发明的聚酯中空长纤维，经过160℃×3min干热处理后仍为三维立体的卷曲形状，且卷曲状态的曲率半径为3.5mm～10.0mm。
本发明的聚酯中空长纤维，其聚合物原料为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯或者它们的改性聚合物。
本发明还公开了一种上述聚酯中空长纤微的制备方法，将干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空喷丝板，冷却距离为10～150mm，侧吹风的风速为25～ 90m/min。
所述冷却距离优选60～110mm；所述侧吹风的风速为30～50m/min。
发明的聚酯中空长纤维是通过熔融纺丝的工艺制得，具有生产简单、成本低的优势，且具有三维立体的卷曲结构，适用于加工成可当作填充长棉进行使用的蓬松加工丝束。
附图说明
图1为聚酯中空长纤维的三角形中空横截面形状图。
图2为聚酯中空长纤维的四边形中空横截面形状图。
图3为聚酯中空长纤维在自然状态下的三维立体的卷曲形状图。
图4为曲率半径的测量示意图。
具体实施方式
为了开发一种可以替代羽绒的填充物，本发明提供了一种适合加工成蓬松加工丝束的聚酯中空长纤维。由于该中空纤维具有三维立体的卷曲形状的结构特征，加工所得的蓬松加工丝束也具有三维立体结构，因此蓬松丝束的排除体积就大，能得到蓬松性优异的蓬松加工丝束。在能成纤的聚合物中，聚酯纤维的杨氏模量相对而言而是属于高的，所以制得的蓬松加工丝束具有良好的耐压性和回复性。
所述三维立体的卷曲形状是指纤维在长方向上呈现为不规则的螺旋结构(图3)，同时因为一部分单丝之间存在配向的差异，导致单丝之间旋转方式、方向不同而形成多维度立体形态。
本发明的聚酯中空长纤维是通过熔融纺丝技术制得的中空纤维。熔融的聚酯切片通过异型中空喷丝板吐出，然后经侧吹风冷却后卷取制得。在熔融纺丝过程中通过调整侧吹风的位置改变冷却距离，调整侧吹风的风速、纺丝速度等条件来控制中空纤维的中空度在20.0％～45.0％范围内，同时三维立体卷曲形状的曲率半径在10.0mm～50.0mm范围内。相同纤维直径的中空纤维与中实纤维相比，使用中空度纤维制得的蓬松加工丝的蓬松度更高，且中空度越高轻量感越明显。所述中空纤维的曲率半径太小的话，纤维单丝间的抱合性高，在蓬松丝加工过程中纤维不易开纤，而且纤维所形成的圆环的直径偏小，影响加工丝束的蓬松性；反之，纤维的卷曲半径太大的话，加工成蓬松加工丝束后纤维形成的圆环直径过大，会减弱或者无法体现鞘纤维原本的三维立体效果，也会影响加工丝束的蓬松性。
根据中空喷丝板吐出孔形状，排列的不同，以及生产工艺的变更，所得到的中 空纤维的断面也有略有不同，中空部分的形状有圆形、近似三角形、近似正方形、近似五边形等不同的形状，同时中空断面上的孔数并不只限于一个孔。
本发明的中空聚酯长纤维的单丝纤度范围优选为4.0dtex～15.0dtex。作为蓬松加工丝束用的原料纤维，纤维单丝纤度越高，纤维的刚性越好，制成的蓬松丝束的蓬松度会越好，同时耐压性、回复性也会越好。但是单丝纤维直径过大的话，纺丝时不易冷却，且纤维的均一性有所下降，同时制成的蓬松丝束手感会偏硬。所以更优选中空聚酯长纤维的单丝纤度范围为5.0dtex～10.0dtex。
本发明的中空聚酯长纤维的原料主要为普通的聚酯，例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯或聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯，为了赋予蓬松加工丝特殊的机能，也可以使用上述聚合物的改性共聚物，比如抗菌防螨改性的聚合物等，在蓬松性能方面也能达到普通聚酯同样的效果。
中空聚酯长纤维作为制作填充用蓬松加工丝束的原料之一，可以是直接N根合并形成蓬松加工丝束直接用作填充长棉，也可以是跟其他的原料合并使用，比如可以跟熔点稍低的纤维制成混纤丝，然后用作填充长棉；或者更进一步地将混纤丝再跟中空聚酯长纤维进行芯鞘复合再进行部分融着处理制得更优异的蓬松加工丝束，然后用作填充长棉。
本发明的中空聚酯长纤维经过160℃×3min干热处理后仍为三维立体形状，由于纤维热收缩的影响，卷曲形态会有变化，优选曲率半径范围为3.5mm～10.0mm。这样的话，即便是经过后道的加工处理，中空聚酯长纤维仍然能保持蓬松的三维立体卷曲形状，手感、蓬松性、保温性等性能优异。
本发明所述长纤维聚酯中空长纤维可以通过如下方法制备得到，但不限于该方法：
首先，将原料聚酯切片进行干燥，使得聚酯切片的含水率降低，提高纺丝性，控制切片的水分率在50ppm以下。干燥后的切片通过一般的熔融纺丝的方式进行纺丝。经过螺杆或者热板把切片熔融后通过配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后熔体聚合物进入到纺丝组件，纺丝组件中使用的喷丝板为中空纤维纺丝专用的喷丝板。从喷丝板吐出的聚合物经过冷却、上油后进行卷取。为了得到具有微卷曲的中空纤维，纺丝过程中对冷却距离(喷丝板下沿到冷却用侧吹风上沿的距离)有较严格的要求，一般控制在10～150mm范围内，优选60～100mm范围内。同时为了使中空纤维两侧的构造形成差异，侧吹风的风速也是有要求的，根据纤维品种(总纤度及单丝数)不同， 一般控制在25～90m/min的范围内，优选30～50m/min。
所述冷却距离小于10mm时，从喷丝板吐出的聚合物得到了快速冷却，非对称效果明显，得到的纤维的曲率半径会过小，纤维单丝间的抱合性高，影响蓬松效果，同时喷丝板温度容易降低而导致纤维断裂，纺丝性不好；所述冷却距离大于150mm时，从喷丝板吐出的聚合物一定程度上已经均匀降温，即使再通过侧吹风进行强制冷却，非对称效果也已经减弱，得到纤维的曲率半径会过大，也会影响蓬松效果。
所述侧吹风的风速小于25m/min时，非对称冷却效果不明显，得到纤维的曲率半径过大；所述侧吹风的风速大于90m/min时，非对称的效果会比较明显，导致得到纤维的曲率半径过小，同时侧吹风过大会导致纤维摇摆幅度大，纺丝不稳定，容易出现飘单丝、断丝现象。
为了防止单丝之间因冷却差异而导致物性不同，喷丝板吐出孔的排列方式优选‘千鸟’排列，即常说的菱形排列。优选本纺丝工艺主要采用一步法纺丝工艺，即纺丝/拉伸同时完成，即俗称的FDY。但是也可以通过两步法制得，即首先值得预取向的纤维，即俗称的POY，然后再经过延伸机进行牵伸工艺，即俗称的DT。
本发明所述的聚酯中空长纤维具有三维卷曲结构，同时纤维单丝比较粗，用该中空长纤维制得蓬松加工丝束具有高的排除体积，及具有高的蓬松度，同时具有优良的耐压缩特性。
本发明涉及的测试方法如下：
(1)总纤度及单丝纤度的测试方法
总纤度的测试根据JIS L 1013：2010标准测试，单丝纤度是通过总纤度和单丝数来进行计算。
(2)中空率
将中空长纤维沿纵向切断成薄片(即纤维横截面)，在普通光学显微镜下放大到合适的倍率进行拍照，根据照片计算出中空部分的面积S1和纤维整体的面积S2(包括中空部)，然后计算：
中空率＝(S1/S2)×100％。
(3)曲率半径测试方法
自然状态的曲率半径：将纱线通过检尺机(纤度测定用)将样品卷曲10圈(1米/圈)，然后将待测试样品在恒温恒湿环境(20℃×65％RH)放置(吊挂)8h或以上使其状态稳定(如图3)，然后选取样品下方20厘米内弯曲部分进行半径测量，选取 20个不同地方测量后取平均，所得数据即为曲率半径。测量仪器为基恩士(KEYENCE)产的数码显微系统(VHX-2000C)，放大倍率为20倍，通过软件中曲率半径的计算功能进行曲率半径的测定(如图4)。即通过卷曲纤维上的三个位置来测量纤维的曲率半径。
干热处理处理后曲率半径：将纱线通过检尺机(纤度测定用)将样品卷曲10圈，然后放入干燥机中进行热处理，处理条件为160℃×3min，然后将样品在恒温恒湿环境放置4h以上，最后选取下方20厘米内弯曲部分进行半径测量，选取20个不同地方测量后取平均。所得数据即为曲率半径。
(4)蓬松度
根据IDFB方法进行测试：
①首先将待测试样放置在20℃×65％RH的环境中调试8小时或8小时以上，使得待测试样稳定；
②称取试样30g，手动将其抖动到蓬松状态后将其放入测量桶内并盖上盖子；
③将重量盘向下移动至接触试样的最高点，然后放开重量盘使其自由下落，放开重量盘的同时计时，稳定1分钟后读出高度并记录；
④打开盖子取出试样，再次将其抖动至蓬松状态，放入测量桶内盖上盖子，按照步骤③再次测量，同样的方法测试5次；
⑤算出5次的平均高度后通过计算得出蓬松度。
以下通过实施例来说明本发明的内容，但是本发明并不局限于实施例所列内容。
实施例1：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为25m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为300T-20f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为20.0％，单丝纤度为15.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为50.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为10.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为390inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例2：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为40m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为150T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为15.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为42.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为8.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为600inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例3：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为40m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为60T-4f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为45.0％，单丝纤度为15.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为37.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为7.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为800inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例4：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为40.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为7.8mm。选用该纤 维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为650inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例5：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为50m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-20f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为5.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为35.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为6.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为610inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例6：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为75m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为60T-15f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为45.0％，单丝纤度为4.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为10.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为3.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为480inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例7：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为70m/min， 经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为65T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为6.5dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为30.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为6.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为580inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例8：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为70m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为50T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为5.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为20.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为4.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为520inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例9：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为25m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为60T-4f，中空断面为四角中空，中空度为45.0％，单丝纤度为15.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为42.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为8.1mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为760inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例10：
原料使用普通聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯切片(即普通3GT)，将该聚对苯二甲酸丙二 醇酯通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为30ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为38.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为7.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为630inch3/30g。具体见表1。
实施例11：
原料使用普通聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯切片(即普通PBT)，将该聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为33ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为36.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为7.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为600inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例12：
原料使用阳离子改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯切片，将该阳离子改性聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为30ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为33.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为33.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为6.4mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工 丝束的蓬松度为610inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例13：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为10mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为40.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为12.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为3.6mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为490inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例14：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为60mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为37.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为30.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为6.1mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为600inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例15：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为90mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为32.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前 的曲率半径为34.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为9.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为720inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例16：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为110mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为30.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为38.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为12.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为620inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例17：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为150mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为25.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为44.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为14.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为550inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例18：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组 件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为90m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为35.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为18.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为3.9mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为510inch3/30g。具体见表2。
实施例19：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为50m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为28.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为28.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为4.5mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为530inch3/30g。具体见表2。
比较例1：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为普通圆孔喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为25m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得聚酯纤维。纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为56T-24f，断面为实心圆形，单丝纤度为2.3dtex，热处理前后都没有卷曲特性。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为240inch3/30g。具体见表3。
由于纤维的横截断面为实心，所得纤维没有产生卷曲，蓬松度小，不适合做为替代羽毛的填充棉使用。
比较例2：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为90mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为10.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为40.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为10.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为310inch3/30g。具体见表3。
由于纤维的中空度太小，虽然有曲率半径，但是轻量性差，蓬松度小，不适合做为替代羽毛的填充棉使用。
比较例3：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为5mm，侧吹风的风速为35m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺进行纺丝。由于冷却距离太近，虽然可以进行纺丝，但是断丝和飘丝现象严重，生产的可行性低。具体见表3。
比较例4：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为110m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺进行纺丝。由于侧吹风风速太大，虽然可以进行纺丝，但是纤维抖动严重导致断丝和飘丝现象严重，生产的可行性低。具体见表3。
比较例5：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过 螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为200mm，侧吹风的风速为70m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为15.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为65.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为23.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为350inch3/30g。具体见表3。
由于冷却距离太大，所得纤维的曲率半径太大，无法体现纤维的三维立体效果，导致蓬松性小。
比较例6：
原料使用半消光的聚酯切片(东丽纤维合成纤维有限公司生产的T200N)，将该聚酯切片通过预结晶除湿干燥机进行干燥，干燥后水分率为39ppm。干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空专用喷丝板，冷却距离为65mm，侧吹风的风速为20m/min，经过DSD高速纺丝工艺后制得中空聚酯纤维。中空纤维的特性如下：纤维品种为100T-10f，中空断面为三角中空，中空度为12.0％，单丝纤度为10.0dtex，热处理前的曲率半径为55.0mm，经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为20.0mm。选用该纤维作为鞘纤维和芯纤维的原料，以鞘丝喂入速度/芯丝喂入速度为20倍的超喂进行喂入，加工成芯鞘型蓬松丝，并6根合丝，得到蓬松性加工丝束，测试蓬松加工丝束的蓬松度为350inch3/30g。具体见表3。
由于侧吹风风速太小，所得纤维的曲率半径太大，无法体现纤维的三维立体效果，导致蓬松性小。
表1
Figure PCTCN2017117924-appb-000001
表2
Figure PCTCN2017117924-appb-000002
表3
Figure PCTCN2017117924-appb-000003

Claims (8)

  1. 一种聚酯中空长纤维，其特征在于：所述长纤维的横截面中空度为20.0％～45.0％，所述长纤维在自然状态下为三维立体的卷曲形状，且卷曲形状的曲率半径为10.0mm～50.0mm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酯中空长纤维，其特征在于：所述长纤维的单丝纤度为4.0dtex～15.0dtex。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的聚酯中空长纤维，其特征在于：所述长纤维的单丝纤度为5.0dtex～10.0dtex。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的聚酯中空长纤维，其特征在于：所述长纤维经过160℃×3min干热处理后的曲率半径为3.5mm～10.0mm。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的聚酯中空长纤维，其特征在于：所述聚酯为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯或者它们的改性聚合物。
  6. 一种权利要求1所述聚酯中空长纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：将干燥后的切片通过螺杆熔融挤压后经配管输送到计量泵，经过计量泵精确计量后的聚合物输送至纺丝组件，纺丝组件的喷丝板为中空喷丝板，冷却距离为10～150mm，侧吹风的风速为25～90m/min。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述聚酯中空长纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：所述冷却距离为60～110mm。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述聚酯中空长纤维的制备方法，其特征在于：所述侧吹风的风速为30～50m/min。
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