WO2018092821A1 - Système de conversion d'alimentation - Google Patents

Système de conversion d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018092821A1
WO2018092821A1 PCT/JP2017/041180 JP2017041180W WO2018092821A1 WO 2018092821 A1 WO2018092821 A1 WO 2018092821A1 JP 2017041180 W JP2017041180 W JP 2017041180W WO 2018092821 A1 WO2018092821 A1 WO 2018092821A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
power
circuit
storage battery
control unit
power conversion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/041180
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
森田　功
Original Assignee
パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
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Publication of WO2018092821A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018092821A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/322—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means the battery being on-board an electric or hybrid vehicle, e.g. vehicle to grid arrangements [V2G], power aggregation, use of the battery for network load balancing, coordinated or cooperative battery charging
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a power conversion system including a power conversion circuit that converts DC power generated by a solar cell into AC power.
  • Patent Document 1 a power conversion system has been proposed in which surplus power is temporarily stored in a storage battery and the power charged in the storage battery is reused as necessary.
  • the power conversion system described in Patent Document 1 receives power for controlling the power conversion system from a storage battery. Therefore, it is assumed that a storage battery is provided.
  • the conventional power conversion system lacks flexibility regarding the new installation or removal of the storage battery after the system is installed.
  • a power conversion system includes a power conversion circuit that converts DC power into AC power, a first function that converts DC power generated by a solar battery into AC power by the power conversion circuit, A second function of converting at least one of DC power generated by the battery or DC power output from the storage battery into AC power by the power conversion circuit, and the storage battery is connected to the power conversion circuit. And a control unit that executes a third function that is selected based on whether or not it is present.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power conversion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the D / D circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the D / A circuit.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing a chopper type bidirectional D / D circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of a part of the control unit.
  • a power conversion system includes a power conversion circuit that converts DC power into AC power, a first function that converts DC power generated by a solar battery into AC power by the power conversion circuit, The storage battery is connected to the power conversion circuit for either one of the second function of converting at least one of the DC power generated by the battery or the DC power output from the storage battery into AC power by the power conversion circuit. And a control unit that executes a third function that is selected based on whether or not it is present.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power conversion system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power conditioner 1 includes a DC / DC conversion circuit 3a to a DC / DC conversion circuit 3d (hereinafter referred to as “D / D circuits 3a to 3d”) and a power conversion circuit 4 (hereinafter referred to as “D / A circuit”). ").
  • the D / D circuits 3a to 3d boost the DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d (hereinafter referred to as “solar cells 2a to 2d”).
  • the D / A circuit 4 converts the DC power output from the D / D circuits 3a to 3d into AC power.
  • the respective solar cells 2a to 2d are electrically connected to their corresponding D / D circuits 3a to 3d via respective terminals (indicated by circles in the figure).
  • the DC power generated by the respective solar cells 2a to 2d is supplied to the corresponding D / D circuits 3a to 3d.
  • a switch for cutting off the supply of DC power is provided between each D / D circuit 3a to 3d and the corresponding terminal. In FIG. 1, this switch is not shown.
  • the D / D circuit 3a boosts the DC power output from the solar cell 2a at a specific boost ratio.
  • the boost ratio is appropriately changed so that the output voltage of the D / D circuit 3a becomes a maximum value or a target value.
  • the circuit system for boosting is not limited. For example, a non-insulating chopping system mainly using a reactor, switching element, diode, smoothing capacitor, or mainly a switching element, insulating transformer, rectifier circuit, capacitor An insulation forward type using can be used. Further, a charge pump type, flyback type, resonance type, or the like can be used as a boosting circuit system.
  • the step-up ratio is controlled by the control unit 5.
  • the D / D circuits 3b to 3d have the same configuration and will not be described.
  • the D / A circuit 4 has a predetermined frequency of DC power (for example, a frequency synchronized with the power system 6 when connected to the power system 6 or a frequency of 50 Hz or 60 Hz when performing independent operation). Convert to AC power.
  • the D / A circuit 4 generates pseudo sine wave AC power by repeating ON / OFF switching of a plurality of switching elements (such as semiconductor switching elements) based on, for example, a PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) method.
  • the D / A circuit 4 removes or attenuates the high-frequency component of the pseudo sine wave by a filter circuit to generate smooth sine wave AC power.
  • the D / A circuit 4 is described including this filter circuit, but may be expressed separately.
  • the power conversion method of the D / A circuit 4 is not limited to such a PWM method.
  • the D / A circuit 4 may be an NPC (Neutral Point Clamped) inverter or a gradation control type inverter.
  • the D / A circuit 4 may be an inverter bridge circuit whose output side or input side is clamped.
  • the D / A circuit 4 may output AC power and control the frequency, peak voltage (may be effective value), and phase difference between voltage and current of the AC power.
  • the D / A circuit 4 is controlled by the control unit 5 similarly to the D / D circuits 3a to 3d.
  • the control unit 5 may include one or a plurality of microprocessors (general microcomputers) or a DSP (Digital Signal Processor). The configuration of the control unit 5 is not limited.
  • the switching circuit 7 switches between the output of AC power during the interconnection operation with the power system 6 and the output of AC power during the independent operation.
  • the switching circuit 7 is a circuit including a relay or a semiconductor switching element, for example.
  • the AC power output from the D / A circuit 4 is supplied to the power system 6 via the switching circuit 7 and the system interconnection relay 8.
  • the D / D circuits 3 a to 3 d and the D / A circuit 4 convert the DC power generated by the solar cells 2 a to 2 d into AC power substantially synchronized with the power system 6.
  • the control unit 5 converts the DC power generated by the solar cells 2 a to 2 d into AC power by the D / A circuit 4.
  • This operation corresponds to the first function.
  • This first function may include control necessary for grid interconnection operation such as power failure detection of the power system 6, output suppression control to the power system 6, and operation of the switching circuit 7.
  • control necessary for grid interconnection operation such as power failure detection of the power system 6, output suppression control to the power system 6, and operation of the switching circuit 7.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the D / D circuit 3a.
  • the D / D circuit 3a includes circuit elements such as a reactor, a switching element, a diode, and a capacitor. These circuit elements are connected so as to constitute a chopper type booster circuit.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the D / A circuit 4.
  • the D / A circuit 4 includes a bridge circuit, a filter circuit, and an output clamp circuit.
  • the bridge circuit is formed by connecting four switching elements (six in the case of generating three-phase AC power) in a single-phase bridge shape (three-phase bridge shape in the case of three-phase AC power).
  • the filter circuit includes a reactor and a capacitor connected to the output side of the bridge circuit.
  • the output clamp circuit includes two switching elements connected in series in order to short-circuit the regenerative current by the reactor.
  • the power detector 9 detects, for example, power supplied to the power system 6 or power supplied from the power system 6 and outputs the detected power to the control unit 5.
  • a method for detecting power a method for directly detecting power, a method for detecting voltage and current by calculation, a method for calculating by integrating from a voltage waveform, and the like can be used, and the detection method is not limited. .
  • the switchboard breaker 10 is connected to the power wiring between the grid interconnection relay 8 and the power detector 9.
  • the switchboard breaker 10 can obtain AC power from both the power system 6 and the power conditioner 1.
  • a child breaker 10a and a child breaker 10b are connected to the switchboard breaker 10.
  • the child breaker 10b supplies AC power to a general load in the building.
  • the child breaker 10 a supplies AC power to a specific load via the switch 11.
  • the specific load is a load having a high priority for supplying the AC power even when the power system 6 is not supplied with AC power due to an abnormality such as a power failure.
  • Such a load includes an emergency call system, a refrigerator, and an electric device designated by the user.
  • the control unit 5 switches the switching circuit 7 from the interconnection operation side to the independent operation side and outputs AC power to the switch 11. .
  • the switch 11 detects that AC power is supplied from the switching circuit 7 of the power conditioner 1 and supplies the AC power from the power conditioner 1 to a specific load.
  • the switch 11 supplies AC power from the child breaker 10a to the specific load.
  • the monitor 12 is configured to be able to send and receive control signals and data through the control unit 5 and signal lines.
  • the monitor 12 is configured to be capable of signal communication with the control unit 5 regardless of wired connection or wireless connection.
  • the monitor 12 can be a personal computer, a portable communication device, a portable terminal, a dedicated terminal, or the like connected via a communication network.
  • the monitor 12 displays the amount of power such as the amount of power generated by the solar cell, the amount of power sold to the power system 6, and the amount of power purchased from the power system 6.
  • the monitor 12 further receives a control signal and a signal for determining an upper limit of power supplied to the power system 6 from an external server via the communication network, and operates in conjunction with the control unit 5.
  • the monitor 12 can also transmit power amount data such as the amount of power generation to a server or other monitor.
  • Each of the storage batteries 13a to 13d has at least charge / discharge control (constant voltage charge, constant current charge, discharge amount control, etc.), display (transmission) of a charge rate (State Of Charge: SOC), protection against overcharge and overdischarge. It has functions such as operation.
  • the battery types of the storage batteries 13a to 13d are not limited.
  • Converters 14a and 14b include bidirectional D / D circuits 15a and 15b (bidirectional D / D circuits 15c and 15d) and a converter control unit 16a (converter control unit 16b).
  • Each of the bidirectional D / D circuits 15a and 15b converts the DC voltage supplied from the power conditioner 1 to a voltage at which the charge control of the storage battery (for example, the storage battery 13a is the same as the other storage batteries 13b to 13d). Step down.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuits 15a and 15b further boost the discharge voltage of the storage batteries 13a to 13d to a voltage at which the D / A circuit 4 functions.
  • FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a chopper type bidirectional D / D circuit showing an example of the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a (the bidirectional D / D circuits 15b to 15d are the same, and the description thereof is omitted).
  • This circuit is obtained by adding a step-down circuit composed of a switching element and a capacitor to the chopper type step-up circuit shown in FIG.
  • the reactor 18a, the switching element 18b, the diode 18c, and the capacitor 18d form a chopper type booster circuit.
  • the ON duty of the switching element 18b is variably controlled so that the target voltage is obtained on the high voltage side based on the feedback value.
  • the switching element 18e, the reactor 18a, and the capacitor 18f form a chopper type step-down circuit.
  • the ON duty of the switching element 18e is variably controlled so that the target voltage is obtained on the low voltage side based on the feedback value.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a steps down the DC power supplied from the power conditioner 1 to the charging voltage.
  • the DC power boosted by the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a is supplied to the power conditioner 1.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a is not limited to the chopper type shown in FIG.
  • a push-pull bidirectional DC / DC converter using an insulating transformer a full-bridge bidirectional DC / DC converter, a bidirectional DC / DC converter using a DAB (Dual Active Bridge) system, and an LLC resonant converter
  • a directional DC / DC converter or the like can be used.
  • Converter control unit 16a controls the step-up operation and step-down operation of bidirectional D / D circuit 15a and bidirectional D / D circuit 15b.
  • Converter control unit 16a further acquires the state and charging rate (SOC) of storage battery 13a and storage battery 13b via signal lines (denoted by alternate long and short dash lines) connected to storage battery 13a and storage battery 13b, respectively.
  • the converter control unit 16a is connected to the control unit 5 of the power conditioner 1 through a signal line (shown by a one-dot chain line), and transmits and receives control signals and charging rate (SOC) data to each other.
  • the converter 14a connects two storage batteries 13a and a storage battery 13b.
  • the number of connected storage batteries is not limited to this, and may be increased or decreased.
  • a bidirectional D / D circuit may be provided for each connected storage battery, and a plurality of storage batteries may be connected to a bidirectional D / D circuit having a large output capacity. Since the converter 14b can be configured in the same manner as the converter 14a, description thereof is omitted.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuits 15 a to 15 d of the converter 14 a and the converter 14 b are connected to the DC line 19 via the switch 17.
  • the DC line 19 connects the D / D circuits 3a to 3d of the power conditioner 1 and the D / A circuit 4 and allows DC power to flow.
  • the DC line 19 is connected to the high voltage side of the bidirectional D / D circuits 15a to 15d.
  • the DC power discharged from the storage batteries 13 a to 13 d is supplied to the DC input side of the D / A circuit 4 and converted into AC power by the D / A circuit 4.
  • the switch 17 has an auxiliary contact piece 17a for signals.
  • the open / close state of the auxiliary contact piece 17 a is linked to the open / close state of the switch 17.
  • the open / closed state of the auxiliary contact piece 17 a is scanned by the control unit 5 and used for the control of the control unit 5.
  • the switch 17 is a switch for manually switching the open / close state. That is, when the storage battery is connected (when there is a storage battery), the operator manually closes the switch 17.
  • the control unit 5 converts the DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d into AC power by the D / A circuit 4 (first function).
  • the controller 5 performs the operation based on the first function. Then, charge / discharge control of the storage batteries 13a to 13d is performed.
  • the DC power output from the storage batteries 13 a to 13 d is boosted by the bidirectional D / D circuits 15 a to 15 d and supplied to the D / A circuit 4 via the DC line 19, whereby the DC power from the storage batteries 13 a to 13 d is supplied. It can be converted into AC power.
  • control unit 5 converts at least one of the DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d and the DC power output from the storage batteries 13a to 13d into AC power by the D / A circuit 4 (the second power). function).
  • the discharge control of the converter 14a (the same applies to the converter 14b) is performed by the converter control unit 16a based on a control signal (a charge rate (SOC) used at the end of discharge and a discharge amount per unit time) transmitted from the control unit 5.
  • a control signal a charge rate (SOC) used at the end of discharge and a discharge amount per unit time
  • the charging rate (SOC) for determining the end of discharging is not limited to 10% and can be arbitrarily set. Set a large value such as 50% or 60% (or 90% is possible) if you want to always ensure a sufficient charge rate (SOC) in case of a disaster or power outage, and 0% if you want to use the storage battery efficiently. A small value such as 10% may be set.
  • the value of the charging rate (SOC) may be set in advance according to the operation mode set in the control unit 5.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a (the same applies to the bidirectional D / D circuit 15b), when the discharge amount per unit time is set to, for example, AA “W” (a value less than the allowable discharge power of the storage battery)
  • the step-up ratio of the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a is controlled so that the power on the low voltage side of the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a (the product of the voltage of the storage battery 13a and the discharge current from the storage battery 13a) is AA “W”.
  • each discharge power is distributed so that the total discharge power of the two storage batteries is AA “W”.
  • the control unit 5 When the voltage of the DC line 19 of the power conditioner 1 rises above a predetermined protection voltage by the boosting operation of the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a and the bidirectional D / D circuit 15b, the control unit 5 The rise is judged and a signal for reducing the discharge power to BB “W” ( ⁇ AA “W”) is transmitted to the converter control unit 16a.
  • the discharge power of this AA “W” may be calculated, for example, as a supplement when the power generation amount of the solar cells 2 a to 2 d is insufficient with respect to the power consumption of the load. It may be calculated as a supplement for the amount of electricity purchased exceeding a certain amount, or it may be calculated as a supplement for a specific time of the day, or calculated as equivalent to the power consumption of a specific load during independent operation. It may be set according to the design specifications of the power conversion system. These calculations may be set for each operation mode, and the user may arbitrarily select the operation mode.
  • Charge control of the converter 14a (the same applies to the converter 14b) is performed by the converter control unit 16a based on a control signal transmitted from the control unit 5 (a charge rate (SOC) used at the end of charging and a charge amount per unit time).
  • a charge rate (SOC) used at the end of charging and a charge amount per unit time.
  • the charging rate (SOC) for determining the end of charging is not limited to 100% and can be set arbitrarily. For example, SOC may be 90% in consideration of stress on the storage battery 13a and the storage battery 13b, and 95% or the like may be used for determining the end of charging based on the charging characteristics of the storage battery 13a and the storage battery 13b. is there.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a (same for the bidirectional D / D circuit 15b) has a charge amount per unit time of, for example, CC “W” (a value that satisfies the allowable charging voltage of the storage battery and the allowable current or less).
  • CC “W” a value that satisfies the allowable charging voltage of the storage battery and the allowable current or less.
  • the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a has a low voltage side power (product of the voltage of the storage battery 13a and the current to the storage battery 13a) of CC "W" when the bidirectional D / D circuit 15a is set.
  • the step-down ratio is controlled.
  • CCCV constant current and constant voltage charging
  • the current value at the time of constant current charging is 1C “A” corresponding to 10% of the nominal current capacity value of the storage batteries 13a to 13d, and the voltage value at the time of constant voltage charging is 4.2 “V” corresponding to the cell. It is used but not limited to this.
  • a value such as 0.7C or 0.5C may be used.
  • the value of the charge amount per unit time transmitted from the control unit 5 may be calculated, for example, from the surplus of the power generation amount of the solar cells 2a to 2d with respect to the power consumption of the load.
  • a possible value may be calculated, and 1C when charging at night (if the time required for charging may be increased, a smaller value such as 0.5C or 0.7C may be used) You may calculate the value which can be charged by.
  • Converter 14a includes a setting unit for manually setting the type of storage battery 13a and storage battery 13b. For example, settings such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel metal hydride battery, and a lead battery can be performed.
  • the converter 14a performs charge control / discharge control suitable for the set battery type. This setting can be set by operating the monitor 12.
  • the monitor 12 can display the power generation amount and power sale information of the storage batteries 13a to 13d, and has various setting functions of the power conditioner 1. By operating the operation buttons or the touch panel of the display unit, it is possible to switch the operation mode of the power conversion system including at least the power conditioner 1 and the storage batteries 13a to 13d, switch display items, and set the number of converter connections. Is possible. It is also possible to connect to a home energy management system in the home, and to exchange control signals and data with the system.
  • control unit 5 detects the connection (presence / absence) of the storage battery by scanning the state of the auxiliary contact piece 17a interlocked with the switch (manual switch) 17. In place of this, after the data indicating the connection (presence / absence) state of the storage battery is electrically stored in the monitor 12 by the operation of the monitor 12, the stored data is transmitted to the control unit 5 and the power conditioner 1 It may be set to.
  • the operation mode includes, for example, four operation modes.
  • the first operation mode is when DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d is boosted by the D / D circuits 3a to 3d and then supplied to the D / A circuit 4 (the solar cell is generating power).
  • the DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d is converted into AC power by the D / A circuit 4 and supplied to the power system 6 or the load (function including the first function).
  • the second operation mode in addition to the operation of the first operation mode, when the power consumed by the load is less than the generated power of the solar cells 2a to 2d and surplus power is generated,
  • the storage batteries 13a to 13d are charged with CC “W” per unit time according to the size.
  • the second operation mode further converts the surplus power (DC power) into AC power when surplus power remains during charging and when it is determined that charging of the storage batteries 13a to 13d has been completed. 6 to sell electricity.
  • the amount of power purchased per unit time from the power system 6 Is discharged from the storage batteries 13a to 13d to the DC line 19 with a DC power of AA “W” per unit time.
  • the switching circuit 7 is switched, and the AC power is supplied only to the specific load.
  • the D / A circuit 4 is either DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d and DC power discharged from the storage batteries 13a to 13d, or DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d and the storage batteries 13a to 13d.
  • the DC power obtained by adding the DC power discharged from 13d can be converted into AC power.
  • the batteries 13a to 13d are charged by receiving power from the power system 6 at night (a specific time zone, a time zone when midnight power is effective, etc.).
  • the power generation amount of the solar cells 2a to 2d is smaller than the power consumption amount of the load in the daytime, the shortage is discharged from the storage batteries 13a to 13d.
  • at least one of DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d and DC power output from the storage batteries 13a to 13d is converted to AC power by the D / A circuit 4 as in the second operation mode. (Corresponding to the second function).
  • the surplus is sold to the power system 6.
  • the total storage rate (SOC) of the storage batteries 13a to 13d is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the storage batteries 13a to 13d are charged by the amount of power sold per unit time of the storage batteries 13a to 13d exceeding the set value. You may do it.
  • the discharge of the storage batteries 13a to 13d is changed according to the use situation such as a charge rate (SOC) 60% (the charge rate (SOC) is 70%, 80%, etc. It is a good thing not to fall below.
  • the storage batteries 13a to 13d are charged until the charging rate (SOC) reaches 100% at night.
  • the fourth operation mode when the power generation amount of the solar cells 2a to 2d is sufficient, the storage batteries 13a to 13d are charged until possible even during the day. At this time, at least one of DC power generated by the solar cells 2a to 2d and DC power output from the storage batteries 13a to 13d is converted to AC power by the D / A circuit 4 as in the second operation mode. (Corresponding to the second function).
  • the operation mode is not limited to the first operation mode to the fourth operation mode, as long as it includes at least the first function and the second function, and the specification of the operation mode depends on the assumed use situation. Can be set arbitrarily.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an outline of an operation corresponding to the third function among the operations of the control unit 5.
  • the control unit 5 determines whether or not a storage battery is connected. For this determination, the controller 5 first scans the open / close state of the auxiliary contact piece 17a corresponding to the open / close state of the switch 17 (manual switch). When the auxiliary contact piece 17a is closed, the control unit 5 further determines whether or not signal communication is possible between the converter control unit 16a and the control unit 5. Whether or not signal communication is possible can be determined by, for example, attempting to establish signal communication and determining whether or not the signal communication is successfully established.
  • control unit 5 determines that converter 14a is connected, and determines that at least one of storage battery 13a and storage battery 13b is connected (present). Whether or not the converter 14b is connected is determined in the same manner.
  • control unit 5 instead of scanning the open / closed state of the auxiliary contact 17a, it is also possible to use a state (data) in which the presence or absence of connection of the storage battery stored in the monitor 12 is electrically set. Further, at least the open / close state of the auxiliary contact piece 17a, the availability of signal communication between the converter control units 16a and 16b and the control unit 5, and the determination of whether or not the storage battery is connected is performed using any one of the data of the monitor 12. It is also possible to do this.
  • the control part 5 in order to determine whether or not the storage battery is connected, DC power is output from the storage battery depending on whether or not the potential on the converter 14a side of the switch 17 has increased when a signal instructing discharge is transmitted to the converter control unit 16a. It can be determined whether or not. That is, the control part 5 can judge the presence or absence of the connection of a storage battery based on the DC power output from the storage battery. In this case, it can be simultaneously determined that signal communication is possible between the converter control unit 16a and the control unit 5. After it is determined whether or not the storage battery is connected, the state is maintained. For example, the control part 5 memorize
  • step S1 When it is determined in step S1 that the storage battery is not connected (when it is not determined that the storage battery is connected), the process proceeds to step S2.
  • step S2 the control unit 5 sets the first operation mode and proceeds to step S7.
  • step S7 the control unit 5 operates the power conversion system in the first operation mode.
  • step S3 After enabling the selection from the second operation mode to the fourth operation mode, the control unit 5 determines which operation mode is selected. This operation mode is selected by the operation of the monitor 12 by the user. It is also possible to select the operation mode using a setting switch provided in the power conditioner 1 or another information device connected to the control unit 5 by a signal line.
  • step S7 the control unit 5 operates the power conversion system in the second operation mode.
  • step S5 the control unit 5 sets the third operation mode in step S5 and proceeds to step S7.
  • step S7 the control unit 5 operates the power conversion system in the third operation mode.
  • the control unit 5 sets the fourth operation mode in step S6 and proceeds to step S7.
  • step S7 the control unit 5 operates the power conversion system in the fourth operation mode.
  • the conventional power conversion system has some problems. For example, in a power conversion system with a built-in storage battery, if a sufficient amount of stored electricity is to be secured, the proportion of the storage battery occupies the space where the power conversion system is installed. For this reason, this system has not been widely used in houses and the like.
  • a system configured to connect a storage battery mounted on an electric vehicle to a power conversion device that converts DC power generated by a solar battery into AC power.
  • the system itself is large, and it is necessary to secure an installation place together with the electric vehicle.
  • the power conversion system according to one aspect of the present invention is flexible with respect to the new installation or removal of the storage battery after the system is installed. That is, even after the system is installed, the scale of the power conversion system can be appropriately adjusted in accordance with the reconstruction of the facility. Thereby, the spread of a power conversion system can be promoted.
  • the power conversion system of the present invention can be applied to a power conversion system that can convert at least one of DC power generated by a solar battery and DC power output from a storage battery into AC power by a power conversion circuit. Is.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de conversion d'alimentation équipé d'un circuit D/A (4) qui convertit une alimentation en courant continu en une alimentation en courant alternatif, et d'une unité de commande (5) qui, sur la base du fait que des batteries de stockage (13a à 13d) sont connectées au circuit D/A (4), exécute une troisième fonction destinée à sélectionner une première fonction permettant de convertir une alimentation en courant continu générée par des cellules photovoltaïques (2a à 2d) en une alimentation en courant alternatif au moyen du circuit D/A (4) ou une seconde fonction permettant de convertir une alimentation en courant continu générée par les cellules photovoltaïques (2a à 2d) et/ou une sortie d'alimentation en courant continu provenant des batteries de stockage en une alimentation en courant alternatif au moyen du circuit D/A (4).
PCT/JP2017/041180 2016-11-21 2017-11-16 Système de conversion d'alimentation WO2018092821A1 (fr)

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JP2016225648A JP6895604B2 (ja) 2016-11-21 2016-11-21 電力変換システム
JP2016-225648 2016-11-21

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JP7450176B2 (ja) 2024-03-15
JP2018085780A (ja) 2018-05-31

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