WO2018079486A1 - 複合顔料及びその製造方法、それを含む塗料組成物並びに塗膜 - Google Patents
複合顔料及びその製造方法、それを含む塗料組成物並びに塗膜 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018079486A1 WO2018079486A1 PCT/JP2017/038188 JP2017038188W WO2018079486A1 WO 2018079486 A1 WO2018079486 A1 WO 2018079486A1 JP 2017038188 W JP2017038188 W JP 2017038188W WO 2018079486 A1 WO2018079486 A1 WO 2018079486A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a composite pigment, a method for producing the same, a coating composition containing the same, and a coating film.
- the details are as follows.
- the present invention (the first invention of the present application) relates to a composite pigment containing an extender pigment and an inorganic compound, a method for producing the same, a coating composition containing the same, and a coating film.
- the present invention (the second invention of the present application) relates to a composite pigment containing a titanium oxide pigment, a method for producing the same, a coating composition containing the same, and a coating film.
- the present invention (the third invention of the present application and the fourth invention of the present application) relates to a composite pigment containing an inorganic coloring pigment, a method for producing the same, a coating composition containing the same, and a coating film.
- the present invention (the fifth invention of the present application) includes a composite pigment containing an extender pigment and an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, a method for producing the same, a composite pigment containing an inorganic colored pigment such as a titanium oxide pigment, and a method for producing the same. It is related with the coating composition and coating film containing.
- the color and texture of the object are improved by applying a matte paint on the surface of the object.
- a matte paint can be applied to the inner wall of a house to create a calm atmosphere in the room.
- a matte paint may be applied to the vehicle body.
- many vehicle paintings are “glossy”, but by applying matte painting, a unique and individual design feeling can be created.
- the former building materials, etc.
- a colored gloss paint or glitter paint is applied to the vehicle body to form a base layer, and then a transparent matte paint is applied to the top layer. Is generally formed.
- silica, resin beads, and the like have been used as matting agents (Patent Documents 1, 2, etc.).
- silica matting agents have good matting properties and are widely used in the above-described building material applications, vehicle applications, and the like.
- a matting agent of silica thickening of a matte paint containing this is likely to occur.
- the amount of the matting agent is increased for the purpose of increasing the degree of matting, the viscosity of the paint becomes remarkable, and the workability (handling property) of coating deteriorates.
- Patent Document 3 a mixture of hydrophobic silica and an inorganic filler (calcium carbonate, mica, talc, clay, etc.) is used as a matting agent to increase the viscosity of the paint. The effect of suppression is described.
- Patent Document 4 includes a mixture of silica and talc as a matting agent in a clear matting paint for vehicles, thereby suppressing deterioration of the coating film appearance due to silica aggregation. Or suppressing an increase in gloss of a matte coating film due to friction.
- Patent Document 5 in a matte overprint varnish composition, a mixture of spherical silica gel and an extender pigment (calcium carbonate or barium sulfate) is blended as a matting agent so that the gloss of a matte coating film due to friction is obtained. It is described that the increase is suppressed.
- an extender pigment calcium carbonate or barium sulfate
- Inorganic colored pigments such as titanium oxide pigments are used in a wide range of applications as pigments having high gloss. However, there are applications in which pigments that do not require high gloss and are less glossy are preferred. For example, a calm atmosphere can be created by using pigments with less gloss for coating materials such as buildings. In addition, when a pigment having a small gloss is used on a wall surface or a member that is exposed to light such as sunlight or a lighting fixture, reflection of furniture, planting, a person, or the like can be suppressed.
- Patent Document 6 In general, to produce a coating film with low gloss and low gloss, for example, as described in Patent Document 6, a flat emulsion paint containing a titanium oxide pigment and porous calcium carbonate is used. This calcium carbonate can produce a matte effect by forming fine irregularities on the coating surface and facilitating the diffusion of incident light.
- Patent Documents 1, 2, and 7 describe that spherical silica, silicate particles, and a resin bead matting agent are added to a glossy paint (gloss emulsion paint) containing a titanium oxide pigment or the like. It is described.
- Matte paint may be used as a coating material for buildings.
- a matte paint can be applied to the inner wall of a building to create a calm atmosphere on the inner wall.
- a matte paint by applying a matte paint to a wall surface or a member that is exposed to light such as sunlight or a lighting fixture, reflection of furniture, planting, a person, or the like can be suppressed.
- a matte paint contains a glossy inorganic coloring pigment (for example, an inorganic white pigment such as titanium dioxide) and a component for suppressing gloss.
- a glossy inorganic coloring pigment for example, an inorganic white pigment such as titanium dioxide
- Patent Document 6 describes a flat emulsion paint containing a titanium dioxide pigment and porous calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate forms fine irregularities on the surface of the coating film, facilitating the diffusion of incident light, so that a matte effect is exhibited.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe that a matting agent such as spherical silica or resin beads is added to a glossy paint (gloss emulsion paint) containing a titanium dioxide pigment or the like.
- Patent Document 8 discloses that on the surface of rutile type or anatase type titanium dioxide having an average particle diameter of 0.15 to 0.3 ⁇ m, hydrous silicon and hydrous aluminum are respectively 2 to 2 as SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3. It is described that 15% by weight, 1 to 10% by weight, and 0.05 to 5% by weight of an organometallic compound such as an organosilicon compound are present. It is described that such a titanium dioxide pigment can realize a paint having a high hiding power and an excellent matting effect without using a component for suppressing gloss, and is excellent in storage stability. Yes.
- the color and texture of the object are improved by applying matte paint on the surface of the object.
- a matte paint can be applied to the inner wall of a house to create a calm atmosphere in the room.
- a matte paint on a wall or member that is exposed to light such as sunlight or a lighting fixture, reflection of furniture, planting, a person, or the like can be suppressed.
- Patent Document 6 As a mat paint, a flat emulsion paint containing an inorganic color pigment (titanium dioxide pigment) and porous calcium carbonate is known, as described in Patent Document 6, for example. Calcium carbonate forms a fine unevenness on the surface of the coating film, and makes it easy to diffuse incident light, thereby exhibiting a matte effect.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe matte paints in which a matte agent such as spherical silica or resin beads is added to a glossy paint containing an inorganic color pigment (such as a titanium dioxide pigment).
- the matting agents described in Patent Documents 3 to 5 are superior in handling properties because the thickening of the paint is suppressed compared to the matting agent of silica alone. And so on.
- the effect of suppressing gloss is inferior to that of a silica matting agent.
- the extender pigment was used in combination, the feel of the matte coating film tended to deteriorate (becomes a rough feel).
- the calcium carbonate in the paint exhibits a matting effect
- the inorganic color pigment for example, titanium oxide pigment
- the inorganic color pigment sufficiently exhibits pigment properties such as concealment. It is necessary to strongly disperse the pigment component. For this reason, there has been a problem that the labor required for making the paint increases.
- a matting agent and a glossy paint gloss emulsion paint
- the matting agent is added to the paint at the construction site, it is necessary for the operator to measure the matting agent and stir and mix it with the paint.
- field work became complicated.
- construction trouble may occur due to such complicated work.
- the matting agent is generally expensive, leading to an increase in the cost of the paint.
- the matte effect is such that when the matte effect is increased, the feel of the coating film is deteriorated, and when the priority is given to the feel of the paint film, the matte effect is reduced.
- the above-mentioned problem is not limited to the case of using an inorganic white pigment such as titanium dioxide, but also occurs when other inorganic color pigments are used.
- a conventional flat emulsion paint can provide a high matting effect and sufficient concealment, but requires strong dispersion of the pigment component. For this reason, there has been a problem that the labor required for making the paint increases.
- the combination of a gloss paint and a matting agent has a problem that although a moderate matting effect can be obtained, it is not sufficient.
- the amount of the matting agent is increased, the matting effect can be increased, but this will increase the viscosity of the paint. Blending a lot of expensive matting agent leads to an increase in the manufacturing cost of the paint.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and its purpose is to be able to disperse and paint with labor-saving, and to exhibit sufficient low glossiness (matte suppression effect) and concealment without using a matting agent.
- An object is to provide a composite pigment and a method for producing the same, a coating composition containing the composite pigment, and a coating film.
- the present inventors have found that when a composite pigment obtained by fixing an extender pigment such as barium sulfate with an inorganic compound such as silica is used as a matting agent, it is handled with low viscosity. It has been found for the first time that a matte coating composition having excellent properties can be realized, and that a high gloss suppressing effect and a good coating feel can be realized in the state of the coating film.
- the present inventors use a composite pigment in which a titanium oxide pigment and an extender pigment are fixed to disperse and form a paint with less labor than a conventional flat emulsion paint. It has been found for the first time that low glossiness (matte suppression effect) and concealment can be realized without adding a matting agent separately.
- the present inventors use a composite pigment in which an inorganic coloring pigment such as titanium dioxide is fixed with an inorganic compound and has a specific particle size distribution. It was also found for the first time that a paint (coating film) blended therewith can achieve both low gloss (low gloss) and good film feel.
- the present inventors have found that when an inorganic color pigment such as a titanium dioxide pigment containing a zinc element is fixed with an inorganic compound, the particle size of the composite pigment is appropriately adjusted. It has been found for the first time that a high matte effect can be exhibited in a coating film formed by using a paint blended therewith.
- the present inventors have used a composite pigment in which an inorganic coloring pigment such as a titanium oxide pigment and an extender pigment are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound. It has been found for the first time that it can be dispersed and painted with less labor than conventional flat emulsion paints, and that it can achieve low gloss (matte suppression effect) and concealment without adding a matting agent separately. . Based on these findings, the inventors have completed the present invention (“the first invention of the present application” to “the fifth invention of the present application”) as follows.
- the first invention of the present application is (1-1) A composite pigment obtained by fixing an extender pigment with an inorganic compound, (1-2) The composite pigment according to (1-1), wherein a cumulative 50% diameter (D50) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 1 to 15 ⁇ m, (1-3) The composite according to (1-1) or (1-2), wherein the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) in the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- D50 cumulative 50% diameter
- D90 90% cumulative diameter
- Pigments, (1-4) The composite according to any one of (1-1) to (1-3), wherein the oil absorption measured by the method described in JIS K 5101-13-1 is 80 (ml / 100 g) or less.
- Pigments, (1-5) The composite pigment according to any one of (1-1) to (1-4), wherein the extender pigment is barium sulfate,
- (1-6) The composite pigment according to any one of (1-1) to (1-5), wherein the inorganic compound is an inorganic silicon compound, (1-7)
- a matting agent comprising the composite pigment according to any one of (1-1) to (1-6), (1-8) A coating composition comprising at least the composite pigment or matting agent according to any one of (1-1) to (1-7) and a resin, (1-9)
- the coating composition according to (1-8) or (1-9), comprising a coloring material (1-11)
- the second invention of the present application is (2-1) A composite pigment in which at least a titanium oxide pigment and an extender pigment are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, (2-2) The composite pigment according to (2-1), wherein at least a plurality of titanium oxide pigments and a plurality of extender pigments are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, (2-3) The composite pigment according to (2-1) or (2-2), wherein the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 20 ⁇ m or less.
- the cumulative 50% diameter (D50) in the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 1 to 10 ⁇ m, and any one of (2-1) to (2-3) The composite pigments described, (2-5) The composite pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-4), wherein the extender pigment is calcium carbonate and / or barium sulfate, (2-6) The composite pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-5), wherein the inorganic compound is an inorganic silicon compound, (2-7) The composite pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-6), further having an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound for surface treatment on the surface, (2-8) A matting pigment containing the composite pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-7), (2-9) A building wall coating pigment containing the composite pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-7), (2-10) A building material coating pigment containing the composite pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-7), (2-11) A pigment for automobile coating
- a method for producing a composite pigment wherein a cumulative 50% diameter (D50) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 1 to 10 ⁇ m, and a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is 20 ⁇ m or less; (2-15) A coating composition containing the pigment according to any one of (2-1) to (2-13), (2-16) A coating film formed using the coating composition according to (2-15), Etc.
- the third invention of the present application is (3-1) A composite pigment in which an inorganic coloring pigment is fixed with an inorganic compound, In the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer, the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more is 50% or more of the total, and the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is 30 ⁇ m or less.
- a composite pigment, (3-2) The composite pigment according to (3-1), wherein in the cumulative volume distribution, the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more is 30% or more of the total, (3-3)
- the specular surface at a geometric condition of 60 ° is used.
- the specular surface at a geometric condition of 85 ° is used.
- the inorganic color pigment is titanium dioxide, low-order titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride, zinc oxide, white lead, carbon black, bone black, graphite, iron black, cobalt black, iron-chromium composite oxide, Copper-chromium black composite oxide, Fe-Mn-Bi black, dial, molybdenum red, nickel antimony titanium yellow, chrome titanium yellow, yellow iron oxide, chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, bitumen, cobalt blue, cobalt green, chrome green,
- the fourth invention of the present application is (4-1) A composite pigment formed by fixing an inorganic coloring pigment containing a zinc element with an inorganic compound, (4-2) The composite pigment according to (4-1), wherein the inorganic coloring pigment and the extender pigment are fixed with the inorganic compound, (4-3) The composite pigment according to (4-1) or (4-2), wherein the zinc element is present at least on the surface of the inorganic color pigment, (4-4) The composite pigment according to any one of (4-1) to (4-3), wherein the zinc element is present as zinc oxide and / or zinc hydroxide, (4-5) In the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer, the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more is 70% or more of the total, (4-1) to (4-4) the composite pigment according to any one of (4-6) The cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 30 ⁇ m or less, and any
- the fifth invention of the present application is (5-1) a composite pigment comprising extender pigment particles fixed to an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, (5-2) A composite pigment obtained by replacing a part of the extender pigment particles according to (5-1) with an inorganic coloring pigment, (5-3) a composite pigment, wherein the extender pigment particles and the inorganic colored pigment particles according to (5-2) each have a number of 2 or more; (5-4) The composite pigment according to (5-2) or (5-3), wherein a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer is 30 ⁇ m or less.
- a method for producing a composite pigment which is fixed with an organic compound;
- a slurry containing inorganic colored pigment particles containing zinc element, extender pigment particles and an inorganic compound source is prepared, and the pH of the slurry is adjusted so that the inorganic compound derived from the inorganic compound source
- a method for producing a composite pigment wherein the inorganic colored pigment particles and the extender pigment particles are fixed by precipitation;
- a coating composition comprising the composite pigment according to any one of (5-1) to (5-11) and / or the matting pigment according to (5-12) and a resin,
- the coating composition according to (5-16) comprising a dispersant having an amine value,
- a coating film comprising the coating composition according to (5-16) or (5-17), Etc.
- the gloss of the coating film can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the degree of gloss suppression is similar to that of a conventional silica matting agent having a high gloss suppression effect.
- the composite pigment of the first invention of the present application can exhibit a high gloss suppressing effect, but can sufficiently suppress the thickening of a paint containing the same, and has a handling property.
- a good coating composition can be realized.
- the composite pigment of the first invention of the present application can smooth the tactile sensation of the coating film even though it contains an extender pigment that adversely affects the tactile sensation of the coating film.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is excellent in that it is difficult to realize with a conventional matting agent, and that it is possible to realize all of the high gloss suppression effect, good handling properties, and good film touch feeling. ing.
- the composite pigment of the first invention of the present application can be dispersed and paint-saving with labor by simply adding it to a resin and mixing it lightly. Since dispersion is easy, gloss unevenness (variation in the degree of gloss at different positions of the coating film) can also be suppressed.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is composed of a relatively inexpensive material, the composite pigment and a coating composition containing the composite pigment can be manufactured at low cost.
- a matting agent having a lower environmental impact than a resin bead matting agent can be realized by appropriately selecting the types of extender pigment and inorganic compound constituting the composite pigment.
- the composite pigment of the second invention of the present application has sufficient titanium oxide pigment characteristics (whiteness, concealment, coloring, etc.) when a titanium oxide pigment is used, suppresses the gloss of the titanium oxide white pigment, and increases the gloss. It has a suppressing effect. Specifically, “7-minute gloss” (60-degree specular gloss measured in accordance with JIS K5600-4-7: 1999 is 55-65%), “5-minute gloss”, “3-minute gloss” The gloss can be suppressed to an extent called “matte (60 ° specular gloss rate of 5% or less)”.
- the composite pigment of the second invention of the present application can set the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) and the median diameter D50 within appropriate ranges. That is, the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is set to 20 ⁇ m or less, and preferably the median diameter D50 is further set to 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the touch feeling of a coating film can be made smooth, expressing low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) and concealment property. At the same time, it is possible to impart functionality such that the coating film is hardly soiled and the soil is easily removed.
- the composite pigment of the second invention of the present application can be dispersed and made into a paint with labor savings by simply adding it to a paint resin and mixing it lightly. Therefore, since a paint having low glossiness (matte suppression effect) can be prepared without adding a matting agent separately, it is possible to improve the efficiency of on-site work and, in turn, to prevent the occurrence of construction defects. . Furthermore, since the composite pigment of the present invention is composed of a relatively inexpensive material, a coating composition can be manufactured at a low cost.
- the composite pigment of the third invention of the present application is a modified inorganic color pigment, and the coating film exhibits a low gloss (low gloss) in a state where it is blended with the coating material (coating film).
- the coating film exhibits a low gloss (low gloss) in a state where it is blended with the coating material (coating film).
- the gloss can be suppressed to such an extent that the measured specular gloss of 60 ° has a specular gloss of 5% or less.
- the 85 ° specular gloss can be made 40% or less, and so-called bottom gloss can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the composite pigment of the third invention of the present application can also make the coating feel good (smooth).
- the matte effect and the touch feeling of the paint film are reduced so that the touch effect of the paint film is deteriorated when the effect of the paint effect is increased, and the touch effect of the paint film is reduced. It was difficult to achieve both.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is excellent in that both a high matting effect and a good touch feeling of the coating film can be achieved.
- the composite pigment according to the third invention of the present application can be made free from the use of components for suppressing gloss (external pigments, matting agents, etc.). Can be manufactured. Further, the composite pigment of the present invention can be dispersed and made into a paint with labor-saving by simply adding it to a resin and mixing it lightly. In addition, since the composite pigment of the present invention is composed of a relatively inexpensive material, the coating composition can be manufactured at a low cost.
- the fourth invention of the present application is a composite pigment in which an inorganic coloring pigment containing an elemental zinc is fixed with an inorganic compound, and the particle size distribution can be set within an appropriate range.
- the film develops a low gloss (low gloss).
- the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more can be 70% or more of the total.
- the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) can be 30 ⁇ m or less, and the touch of the coating film can be made smooth.
- the composite pigment of the fourth invention of the present application can be made into a paint simply by adding it to the resin and mixing it lightly. Accordingly, it is not necessary to strongly disperse the pigment component unlike the conventional flat emulsion paint, and a matte paint can be produced with labor saving. Furthermore, if the composite pigment of the present invention is used, it is possible to eliminate the need to separately add components for reducing gloss (external pigments, matting agents, etc.), so that a matte paint can be easily produced. Can do. In addition, since the composite pigment of the present invention is made of a relatively inexpensive material, a matte paint can be produced at a low cost.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application contains an extender pigment fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, the gloss of the coating film can be sufficiently suppressed by blending it with the paint (coating film). .
- the degree of gloss suppression is similar to that of a conventional silica matting agent having a high gloss suppression effect.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application as described above, can exhibit a high gloss suppressing effect, but can sufficiently suppress the thickening of a paint blended with this, and has a handling property. A good coating composition can be realized.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application can smooth the tactile sensation of the coating film even though it contains an extender pigment that adversely affects the tactile sensation of the coating film.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application is capable of realizing all of the high gloss suppressing effect, good handling properties, and good film touch feeling that have been difficult to realize with the conventional matting agent. ,Are better.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application containing an inorganic coloring pigment exhibits a low gloss (low gloss) when the coating film (coating film) is blended.
- the composite pigment of the present invention using titanium oxide as an inorganic coloring pigment has sufficient titanium oxide pigment properties (whiteness, concealment, colorability, etc.) and suppresses the gloss of the titanium oxide white pigment. , Has the effect of suppressing gloss.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application containing an inorganic coloring pigment generally, “7-minute gloss (specular gloss at 60 ° measured in accordance with JIS K5600-4-7: 1999 is 55 to 65%)”
- the gloss can be suppressed not only to the extent of suppression of gloss called “5-minute gloss” or “3-minute gloss”, but also to “matte (60 ° specular gloss is 5% or less)”.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application containing an inorganic coloring pigment can set the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) and the median diameter D50 within appropriate ranges. That is, the 90% cumulative diameter (D90) is 30 ⁇ m or less, and preferably the median diameter D50 is 1 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the touch feeling of a coating film can be made smooth, expressing low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) and concealment property. At the same time, it is possible to impart functionality such that the coating film is hardly soiled and the soil is easily removed.
- the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more can be 70% or more of the total.
- the composite pigment of the fifth invention of the present application containing an inorganic coloring pigment can be dispersed and made into a paint with labor savings by simply adding it to a paint resin and mixing it lightly.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is composed of a relatively inexpensive material, the coating composition can be manufactured at a low cost.
- Example 2 is an electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-1 of the present invention.
- 4 is an electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-2 of the present invention.
- 4 is an electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-3 of the present invention.
- 4 is an electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-4 of the present invention. It is a volume cumulative particle size distribution diagram of the composite pigment of Example 1-1 of the present invention.
- It is an electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-1 of the second invention of the present application.
- It is an electron micrograph (enlarged view) of the composite pigment of Example 2-1 of the second invention of the present application.
- It is an electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-2 of the second invention of the present application.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is obtained by fixing an extender pigment with an inorganic compound, and a plurality of extender pigment particles are aggregated in a granular form via the inorganic compound.
- the “extreme pigment” is generally added as an extender in the color developing agent, and is used for improving fluidity, strength or optical properties, and has its own refractive index, hiding power, And a pigment having a small coloring power, which becomes transparent or translucent when kneaded with a color developing agent.
- extender pigments include barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide, barium carbonate, kaolin, and talc. Among these, when barium sulfate is used as an extender, acid resistance, alkali resistance, heat resistance, radiation shielding properties, and the like can be imparted to the composite pigment.
- the average primary particle size is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.15 to 0.7 ⁇ m, and More preferably, it is 2 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the composite pigment can have an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution) when the extender pigment is fixed and assembled with an inorganic compound.
- the average primary particle diameter can be measured by electron microscopy. Specifically, using a transmission electron microscope (H-7000, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.), the particles of the extender were photographed, and image processing was performed using an automatic image processing analysis device (Nireco Luzex AP). The primary particle diameter is measured for the particles, and the average value is defined as the average primary particle diameter.
- the shape of the extender pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cube shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- inorganic compounds used for fixing the extender pigment include inorganic compounds having fixing properties or cohesive properties, such as oxides, hydroxides, such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium. And hydrated oxides. More specifically, examples include silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide, and at least one selected from inorganic compounds other than extender pigments. Can be used.
- an inorganic silicon compound is preferable, and silica is particularly preferable.
- the specific surface area and the oil absorption amount of the composite pigment can be set to appropriate values, and the handling (handling) of a paint blended with the compound pigment can be facilitated.
- the volume ratio of the inorganic compound is 0.1 to 3 when the content ratio of the extender pigment to the inorganic compound in the composite pigment is 1.
- the volume of the inorganic compound is more preferably 0.3 to 3 with respect to the volume 1 of the extender pigment.
- the volume of the inorganic compound is more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 with respect to the volume 1 of the extender pigment.
- the volume of the inorganic compound is 0.3 to 1.5 with respect to the volume 1 of the extender pigment.
- an organic compound having the same characteristics (property to fix extender pigment) as the above-described inorganic compound may be used.
- an organic flocculant, an organic coagulant and the like can be used.
- the organic flocculant and the organic flocculant are not particularly limited as long as they can entangle and aggregate a plurality of particles with the polymer chain, and are cationic polymer, anionic polymer, nonionic A polymer compound such as a polymer can be used.
- the content of the organic compound can be set as appropriate.
- the composite pigment of the present invention takes the form of an aggregate in which extender pigments are fixed by an inorganic compound. At this time, there may be almost no gap (densely compounded) between the extender pigments, or a moderate gap may be formed (coarsely compounded). Good.
- a plurality of the above-mentioned densely-combined states may be aggregated to form a secondary aggregate in which a moderate gap is formed between the primary aggregates. .
- the shape of the particles of the composite pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes, It is more preferable if it is spherical or substantially spherical.
- the inorganic compound needs to be present at least between the particles of the extender pigment in order to fulfill its function (function of fixing extender pigments).
- An inorganic compound may be present so as to cover part or all of the particle surface.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 50% diameter (D50) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer of 1 to 15 ⁇ m.
- a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- LA-910 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- the gloss suppressing effect can be expressed in a high dimension in the coating film containing the composite pigment.
- a clear paint is prepared with a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 20%, this is converted into a coating film, and the specular gloss is measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999.
- the specular glossiness at 60 ° can be 5% or less. This is not limited to the degree of gloss suppression, which is generally called “7-minute gloss (60 ° specular gloss is 55 to 65%)”, “5-minute gloss”, and “3-minute gloss”. It means that gloss is suppressed to a certain extent.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer of 5 to 30 ⁇ m.
- D90 cumulative 90% diameter
- a clear paint was prepared with a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 20%, and this was converted into a coating film, which was measured in accordance with JIS K5600-4-7: 1999. (Bottom gloss) can be suppressed to 10% or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is characterized in that the coating feel in a state blended in the coating film is good (smooth), and the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is 30 ⁇ m or less, It is preferable because a sufficiently smooth coating feel can be realized. From the viewpoint of the feel of the coating film, the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- a friction coefficient of the coating film can be used.
- MIU average friction coefficient
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- these friction coefficients can be measured using, for example, a friction tester (KES-SE, manufactured by Kato Tech).
- the value of MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an oil absorption of 80 (ml / 100 g) or less as measured by the method described in JIS K5101-13-1.
- the oil absorption is more preferably 60 (ml / 100 g) or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention may further have an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound for surface treatment on the outer surface in addition to the above configuration.
- This inorganic compound and / or organic compound is present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention (specifically, it exists so as to cover part or all of the surface), so-called “surface treatment of the composite pigment”. Since it is used, the function is different from the inorganic compound and organic compound (also referred to as “fixing inorganic compound and / or organic compound”) used for the fixing described above. For this reason, “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for surface treatment” and “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for fixation” are appropriately distinguished here. If there is no notation for “adhesion” or “for surface” and it cannot be determined from the context before and after, it usually means “for adhesion”.
- examples of such inorganic compounds for surface treatment include oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- Examples of the surface treatment organic compound to be present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention include organosilicon compounds such as silicone resins, siloxanes, silane coupling agents, carboxylic acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid, polyols, amines, and the like. Can be mentioned. By treating the matting agent with these organic compounds, the dispersibility in a dispersion medium such as a resin can be improved.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method. That is, the extender pigment and the inorganic compound source are added to a solvent such as water and dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry.
- the “inorganic compound source” in the present invention means a material that precipitates as an inorganic compound by adjusting the pH of a slurry described later. Examples of such inorganic compound sources include sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, zirconium sulfate, stannous chloride, and titanium tetrachloride.
- sodium silicate is preferred. As sodium silicate, No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 defined in JIS 1408-1966 can be used, but No. 3 is preferably used from the viewpoint of availability and handling.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) between the volume of the inorganic compound source (Va) and the volume of the extender pigment (Vb) may be set to 0.1 to 3. preferable.
- the volume (Va) of the inorganic compound source means the volume when converted to an inorganic compound that precipitates as a result of pH adjustment described later. By setting it as such a volume ratio, sufficient fixing effect by an inorganic compound can be obtained and a composite pigment can be made moderate size (preferable particle size distribution).
- an inorganic compound derived from the inorganic compound source is precipitated, and the extender pigment is fixed by the inorganic compound.
- sodium silicate is used as the inorganic compound source
- the pH is more preferably adjusted to a range of 6 to 9, and more preferably 7 to 8.
- the pH is adjusted to 4 to 13 by adding caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) while heating the slurry and maintaining the slurry at about 50 to 100 ° C.
- caustic soda sodium hydroxide
- the dried product may be fired at a higher temperature.
- the firing temperature can be appropriately set, and is preferably about 300 to 900 ° C., for example.
- the method for fixing the extender pigment with an inorganic compound has been described above, but it is also possible to fix the extender pigment with an organic compound. That is, an extender pigment and an organic compound (an organic flocculant composed of a polymer compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic flocculant, etc.) are added to a solvent such as water. Then, it is dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry to fix the extender pigment. By doing so, a composite pigment in which the extender pigment is fixed with an organic compound can be produced.
- an extender pigment and an organic compound an organic flocculant composed of a polymer compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic flocculant, etc.
- the composite pigment of the present invention produced by the various methods described above may be classified for the purpose of removing coarse particles.
- Classification can be performed by pulverization or sieving.
- the classification method by pulverization is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an atomizer. Examples of the classification method using a sieve include wet classification and dry classification.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is further surface-treated with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound for surface treatment, it can be carried out using a known method such as a wet method or a dry method. At this time, in order not to break the produced composite pigment, it is preferable to avoid a treatment method that requires high torque.
- the matting agent of the present invention is surface-treated with the inorganic compound and / or organic compound by adding water or an organic solvent to the composite pigment of the present invention and the inorganic compound and / or organic compound and mixing them. be able to.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used for various applications.
- paint compositions for building wall painting (exterior, interior, ceiling, floors and bathtubs, kitchen and toilet walls, floors, etc.), building material painting, vehicle painting, furniture painting, electromechanical product painting, etc.
- a matting agent to be blended in
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be blended as a matting agent in plastics, rubber, latex, elastomers and the like.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used, or can be used in combination with conventional matting agents, colorants, additives and the like.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used as a filler, additive, filler, extender pigment, fluidity-imparting agent, strength aid, optical property improver, and the like as various coating compositions, plastics, rubber, latex, It can be blended in elastomers, ceramics, glass, metals and the like.
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the above-described composite pigment and resin, and contains a colorant, a dispersant, an additive, a solvent, and the like as necessary.
- various coating resins such as epoxy resins, modified epoxy resins, silicone resins, acrylic silicone resins, and fluororesins.
- a pigment, a dye, or the like can be used as the coloring material.
- various inorganic pigments titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, white lead, low-order titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride (titanium black), carbon black, bone black (bone charcoal), Graphite, iron black, cobalt black, iron-chromium composite oxide, copper-chromium black composite oxide, Fe-Mn-Bi black, dial, molybdenum red, nickel antimony titanium yellow, chromium titanium yellow, yellow iron oxide, chromium Yellow, ultramarine, bitumen, cobalt blue, cobalt green, chrome green, chromium oxide green, cobalt-aluminum-chromium green, cobalt-titanium-nickel-zinc green, etc.) and various organic pigments (lake red 4R, ITR Red, Naphthol Red, Pyrarozone Orange, Pirarozon Le , Benzimidazol
- a transparent (semi-transparent) matte coating by not mix
- a transparent (semi-transparent) matte paint is a top coat that is applied on top of a base layer (a layer formed by painting a colored gloss paint or glitter paint on a base material) for use in vehicles, etc. Can be used as
- Examples of the additive contained in the coating composition of the present invention include various commonly used emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, thickeners, antifoaming agents and the like.
- Examples of the solvent include water, toluene, xylene, mineral spirit, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, butanol, ethyl acetate, amine acetate, ethylene glycol and the like.
- a dispersing agent is suitably selected according to the kind of inorganic compound used when synthesize
- a dispersant having an amine value As the dispersant.
- Specific examples include “DISPERBYK (registered trademark) -183”, “DISPERBYK (registered trademark) -184”, and “DISPERBYK (registered trademark) -185” manufactured by BYK.
- the coating composition of the present invention can be prepared by stirring the composite pigment and the resin, and if necessary, the above-mentioned colorant, dispersant, additive, solvent and the like with a disperser and defoaming as necessary. .
- the amount of the composite pigment added is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, More preferably, the content is 1 to 5% by mass.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the composite pigment is 5 It is preferably in the range of ⁇ 40%, more preferably in the range of 10-30%, still more preferably in the range of 15-25%. By setting it as such a range, it can be set as the matting coating material for topcoats which can fully suppress glossiness, maintaining the coloring of a base layer.
- the coating film of the present invention is obtained by coating the above-described coating composition on an object and curing it. That is, the coating film of the present invention can be obtained by applying the above-mentioned coating composition to an object using a brush, a wool roller or the like and drying it.
- Targets include building materials (concrete, mortar, plaster, plaster, plastic, glass, pottery, stone, wood, etc.) and vehicle bodies (metal, plastic), furniture and electrical machinery products (plastic, glass, Ceramic, stone, wooden, etc.).
- the object may be pre-painted with a paint composition (gloss paint, glitter paint, etc.) different from the paint composition of the present invention.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is a composite pigment in which at least a titanium oxide pigment and an extender pigment are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound.
- the composite pigment of the present invention takes a form in which at least a titanium oxide pigment and an extender pigment are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound.
- the composite pigment can take various modes, but typically, a mode in which at least a plurality of titanium oxide pigments and a plurality of extender pigments are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound is exemplified.
- it is preferable that the same kind of constituent particles (titanium oxide pigments or extender pigments) are not present at a specific location, but extender exists between the titanium oxide pigments. Since the extender pigment serves as a spacer, low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) and concealment can be improved.
- the extender pigment does not necessarily need to be present between all the titanium oxide pigments, and a region in which the same kind of constituent particles are present may be formed in some regions of the composite pigment.
- the composite pigment is viewed macroscopically, an embodiment in which a plurality of titanium oxide pigments and extender pigments are uniformly dispersed is preferable.
- the shape of the titanium oxide pigment and / or extender pigment is spherical or substantially spherical.
- the average primary particle diameter of the extender pigments is that of the titanium oxide particles.
- the average primary particle diameter is preferably about the same or smaller than the average primary particle diameter of the titanium oxide particles.
- the extender average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 to 1.5, and more preferably 0.5 to 1. More preferred. This is because the extender pigment can easily function as a spacer between the titanium oxide pigments by using an extender pigment that is the same as or smaller than the titanium oxide pigment.
- the average primary particle diameter can be measured by the same method as described above in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] using the electron microscope used to measure the average primary particle diameter. .
- the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment may be in a state in which there is almost no gap (densely complexed) with each other by an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, and a void is appropriately formed ( It may be in a state of being roughly combined).
- a plurality of the above-mentioned densely-complexed state may be aggregated to form secondary composite particles in which voids are appropriately formed between the primary composite particles. .
- the shape of the composite pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes. It is more preferable if it is substantially spherical.
- the inorganic compound and / or the organic compound fixes the constituent particles of the composite pigment (such as a titanium oxide pigment and an extender pigment). Therefore, it must be present at least between the constituent particles, but may be present so as to cover part or all of the surface of the composite pigment (specifically, the particle surface of the composite pigment). Good.
- the former inorganic compound and / or organic compound used to fix the constituent particles of the composite pigment
- the latter composite compound
- inorganic compound and / or organic compound used for so-called “surface treatment of a composite pigment” that exists so as to cover a part or all of the surface of the pigment is referred to as “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for surface treatment”. Differentiate as appropriate. If there is no notation for “adhesion” or “for surface” and it cannot be determined from the context before and after, it usually means “for adhesion”.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) (cumulative 90% diameter in a volume cumulative distribution) measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer of 20 ⁇ m or less, and is 10 ⁇ m or less. Is more preferable.
- the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) of the composite pigment can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
- a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a median diameter D50 (cumulative 50% diameter in a volume cumulative distribution) measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer of 1 to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 3 ⁇ m. preferable.
- a composite pigment of the present invention as a paint, the surface of the coating film can be made even smoother. As a result, it is possible to further improve the smoothness of the touch feeling of the coating film and the resistance to dirt on the coating film (easy to remove dirt) while exhibiting low glossiness (gloss suppressing effect).
- the median diameter D50 of the composite pigment can be measured using a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” (manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.) or the like, similarly to D90 described above.
- the titanium oxide pigment constituting the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an average primary particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, More preferably, it is 0.3 ⁇ m.
- the composite pigment can be appropriately sized when the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment are combined. As a result, low glossiness (gloss suppressing effect) and concealment can be improved, and the touch feeling of the coating film can be made smoother, which is preferable.
- the shape of the titanium oxide pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- any of anatase type, rutile type and brookite type can be used, but rutile type and anatase type are preferred.
- rutile type and anatase type are preferred.
- the composite pigment is blended with a paint resin or the like, it is more preferable to use a rutile type from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the paint resin due to photocatalytic activity.
- the titanium oxide particles those produced by any of the so-called sulfuric acid method and chlorine method can be used.
- the extender pigment constituting the composite pigment of the present invention includes calcium carbonate (light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, precipitated (synthetic) calcium carbonate, etc.), barium sulfate (sedimentable (synthetic) barium sulfate, etc.), barite powder. , Talc, kaolin, clay, aluminum hydroxide, white carbon and the like.
- extender pigments calcium carbonate and barium sulfate are preferred.
- the extender pigment enters between the titanium oxide pigments and functions as a spacer for providing an appropriate interval between the particles. In order to realize such a function, the volume of the extender is important.
- calcium carbonate has a relatively small specific gravity and can secure a sufficient volume even with a small amount of use. Therefore, from the viewpoint of cost, it is more preferable to use calcium carbonate for the extender.
- calcium carbonates sedimentary (synthetic) calcium carbonate is particularly preferable. This is because sedimentary (synthetic) calcium carbonate can be easily designed to have a desired particle size and can be easily obtained with a desired particle size.
- the extender pigment constituting the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an average primary particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 0.1 to 0 ⁇ m. More preferably, the thickness is 35 ⁇ m.
- the shape of the extender pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- the content ratio of the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment can be set as appropriate, but the mass of the extender pigment is 0.01 to 100 is preferable, 0.1 to 10 is more preferable, and 0.2 to 1 is still more preferable.
- an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound is used.
- the inorganic compound include oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, and zinc, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, or the like can be used.
- silica is preferably used from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in the specific surface area of the composite pigment and an accompanying increase in the oil absorption. By doing so, it is possible to suppress an increase in the viscosity of the paint at the time of coating.
- the content of the pigment component (titanium oxide, extender pigment, etc.) and the inorganic compound is the pigment in mass ratio.
- the mass of the component is 1, the mass of the inorganic compound is preferably 0.01 to 100, more preferably 0.05 to 10, and further preferably 0.1 to 0.5. preferable.
- an organic flocculant As the fixing organic compound constituting the composite pigment of the present invention, an organic flocculant, an organic flocculant and the like can be used.
- the organic flocculant and the organic flocculant are not particularly limited as long as they can entangle and aggregate a plurality of particles with the polymer chain, and are cationic polymer, anionic polymer, nonionic A polymer compound such as a polymer can be used.
- the content ratio with the organic compound can be appropriately set. In terms of mass ratio, when the mass of the pigment component is 1, the mass of the organic compound is preferably 0.001 to 1, and preferably 0.001 to 0.1 is more preferable, and 0.01 to 0.05 is still more preferable.
- the composite pigment of the present invention may have a surface treatment inorganic compound and / or organic compound on the surface.
- this inorganic compound and / or organic compound is used for so-called “surface treatment of a composite pigment” that exists so as to cover a part or all of the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention.
- the function differs from “inorganic compounds and / or organic compounds”. Therefore, here, “surface-treating inorganic compound and / or organic compound” and “fixing inorganic compound and / or organic compound” are distinguished.
- Examples of the surface treatment inorganic compound include those exemplified as the surface treatment inorganic compound in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- Examples of the organic compound for surface treatment to be present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention include those exemplified as the organic compound to be present on the surface of the composite pigment in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the dispersibility in a dispersion medium such as a resin can be improved.
- various functional pigments such as various color pigments, organic pigments, organic dyes, and heat-shielding pigments may be appropriately blended in addition to the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced by various known methods. For example, it can be granulated by a granulator, but it is difficult to produce a fine composite pigment. Therefore, when a slurry containing at least a titanium oxide pigment, an extender pigment, an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound is prepared, and at least the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound with stirring, a median diameter D50 is obtained. In addition, a fine composite pigment having a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in the above range can be easily produced, which is a preferable method.
- D90 cumulative 90% diameter
- a titanium oxide pigment, an extender pigment (calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, etc.) and the like, an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound are added to a solvent such as water, and dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry.
- a solvent such as water
- an inorganic compound sodium silicate is preferable, and both No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 specified in JIS 1408-1966 can be used, but No. 3 is preferably used from the viewpoint of availability and handling.
- the slurry is heated and the pH is adjusted by adding dilute sulfuric acid while maintaining the slurry at about 50 to 100 ° C. At this time, the pH value to be adjusted varies depending on the extender used.
- the pH is adjusted to about 7.0 to 10.0.
- barium sulfate is used as an extender, the pH is adjusted to about 3.0 to 10.0.
- a composite pigment in which a plurality of titanium oxide pigments and extender pigments are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound in a solution can be obtained.
- the pH is adjusted to a range of 7.0 to 7.5.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced by dewatering and washing by a known method, drying, and appropriately pulverizing. Further, if necessary, the dried product may be fired at a higher temperature.
- the firing temperature can be appropriately set, and is preferably about 300 to 900 ° C., for example.
- the composite pigment of the present invention produced by various known methods may be classified for the purpose of removing coarse particles. Classification can be performed by pulverization or sieving. The classification method by pulverization or sieving can be performed by the same method as that already described in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the composite pigment of the present invention is surface-treated with an inorganic compound for surface treatment and / or an organic compound, it can be carried out by using a known method such as a wet method or a dry method.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used for various applications as a white pigment (matte pigment) having low gloss (matte suppression effect).
- a white pigment for example, building wall paint pigments (exterior, interior, ceiling, floors and bathtubs, kitchens, toilet walls, etc.), building material paint pigments, automotive paint pigments, furniture paint pigments, electromechanical product paint pigments Is preferably used.
- matting pigments can be used in various paints instead of so-called matting agents.
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the above-described composite pigment, and contains a resin, a dispersant, an additive, a solvent, and the like as necessary in addition to the composite pigment.
- a resin those exemplified as the resin included as the coating composition in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] can be mentioned as they are.
- the additive include various commonly used emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, thickeners and antifoaming agents.
- the solvent examples include water, toluene, xylene, mineral spirit, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, butanol, ethyl acetate, amine acetate, ethylene glycol and the like.
- a dispersing agent is selected according to the kind of the inorganic compound and / or organic compound which were used when producing the composite pigment. For example, when silica is used for the composite pigment, the surface of the composite pigment is slightly acidic because the surface of the composite pigment is silica. In this case, it is more preferable to use a dispersant having an amine value as the dispersant.
- the coating composition of the present invention can be prepared by stirring the composite pigment and, if necessary, the above-mentioned resin, dispersant, additive, solvent and the like with a disperser and defoaming as necessary.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) is preferably adjusted in the range of 30% to 60%.
- the lower limit of the above range, specifically, the pigment volume concentration is more preferably 30 to 40%.
- the upper limit side of the above range, specifically, the pigment volume concentration is more preferably 50 to 60%.
- the coating film of the present invention is obtained by applying the above-mentioned coating composition to an object to be coated and curing it. That is, the coating film of the present invention can be obtained by applying the above-described coating composition to an object to be coated using a brush, a wool roller or the like and drying it.
- Materials to be coated include building materials (concrete, mortar, plaster, plaster, plastic, glass, pottery, stone, wood, etc.), automobile bodies (metal, plastic), furniture, electrical machinery products, etc. (plastic, Glass, ceramics, stone, wooden, etc.).
- the composite pigment of the present invention is obtained by fixing an inorganic coloring pigment with an inorganic compound, and a plurality of particles of the inorganic coloring pigment are aggregated in a granular form through the inorganic compound.
- the “inorganic coloring pigment” refers to a pigment having an inorganic compound as a main component and exhibiting achromatic colors such as white and black, or chromatic colors such as red, yellow and blue. Examples of white inorganic coloring pigments include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and lead white.
- black inorganic coloring pigments include low-order titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride (titanium black), carbon black, bone black (bone charcoal), graphite, iron black, cobalt black, iron-chromium composite oxide, copper-chromium Examples thereof include black composite oxide and Fe—Mn—Bi black.
- red inorganic coloring pigments include petals and molybdenum red.
- yellow inorganic coloring pigments include nickel antimony titanium yellow, chrome titanium yellow, yellow iron oxide, and chrome yellow.
- blue inorganic coloring pigments include ultramarine blue, bitumen, and cobalt blue.
- green inorganic coloring pigments include cobalt green, chrome green, chromium oxide green, cobalt-aluminum-chromium green, cobalt-titanium-nickel-zinc green, and the like. At least one selected can be used.
- titanium dioxide When titanium dioxide is used as the inorganic coloring pigment, any of anatase type, rutile type and brookite type can be used as the crystal type of the titanium dioxide pigment, but rutile type and anatase type are preferred.
- rutile type and anatase type are preferred.
- the composite pigment is blended with a paint resin or the like, it is more preferable to use a rutile type from the viewpoint of suppressing deterioration of the paint resin due to photocatalytic activity.
- the titanium dioxide particles those produced by any of the so-called sulfuric acid method and chlorine method can be used.
- the inorganic colored pigment constituting the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an average primary particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.15 to 0.7 ⁇ m, and 0 More preferably, it is 2 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the composite pigment is made to have an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution) when the inorganic coloring pigment is fixed and combined with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound. be able to.
- the average primary particle diameter can be measured by the same method by the electron microscope method used for measuring the average primary particle diameter described in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the shape of the inorganic coloring pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cube shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- Examples of the inorganic compound used for firmly fixing the inorganic coloring pigment include oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. Can be mentioned. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used, and at least one selected from inorganic compounds can be used. it can.
- an inorganic silicon compound is preferable, and silica is particularly preferable.
- an inorganic silicon compound the specific surface area and the oil absorption amount of the composite pigment can be set to appropriate values, and the handling of the paint blended with this can be facilitated.
- the content ratio of the inorganic colored pigment and the inorganic compound is preferably the following ratio. That is, when the volume of the pigment component is 1, the volume of the inorganic compound is preferably 0.3 to 2, more preferably 0.4 to 1.5, and more preferably 0.5 to 1. More preferably.
- An organic compound having the same effect as the inorganic compound may be used for fixing the inorganic coloring pigment.
- an organic flocculant, an organic coagulant and the like can be used as the organic compound.
- the organic flocculant and the organic flocculant are not particularly limited as long as they can entangle and aggregate a plurality of particles with the polymer chain, and are cationic polymer, anionic polymer, nonionic A polymer compound such as a polymer can be used.
- the content of the organic compound can be set as appropriate.
- the composite pigment of the present invention takes the form of an aggregate in which inorganic color pigments are fixed by an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound. At this time, there may be almost no gaps (densely complexed) between the inorganic coloring pigments, or a moderate gap (roughly complexed) is formed. Also good.
- a plurality of the above-mentioned densely-combined states may be aggregated to form a secondary aggregate in which a moderate gap is formed between the primary aggregates. .
- the shape of the composite pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes. It is more preferable if it is substantially spherical.
- the inorganic compound and / or the organic compound needs to be present at least between the particles of the inorganic color pigment in order to fulfill its function (function of fixing the inorganic color pigments),
- an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound may be present so as to cover part or all of the surface of the composite pigment.
- the former inorganic compound and / or organic compound used for fixing inorganic colored pigments
- the latter of composite pigment
- an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound used for so-called “surface treatment of a composite pigment” present so as to cover a part or all of the surface is referred to as an “inorganic compound for surface treatment and / or an organic compound” and is appropriately distinguished. To do. If there is no notation for “adhesion” or “for surface” and it cannot be determined from the context before and after, it usually means “for adhesion”.
- the composite pigment of the present invention has a specific particle size distribution. That is, in the volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution analyzer, the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more is 50% or more of the total, and the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is 30 ⁇ m or less. It is.
- a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- the ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more is 50% or more of the total, so that the coating film has a low gloss (low gloss) in the state of being blended with the coating material (coating film).
- PVC pigment volume concentration
- the specular gloss at 60 ° can be 5% or less. This is not limited to the degree of gloss suppression, which is generally called “7-minute gloss (60 ° specular gloss is 55 to 65%)”, “5-minute gloss”, and “3-minute gloss”. It means that gloss is suppressed to a certain extent.
- the specular glossiness at a geometric condition of 85 ° can be set to 40% or less, and so-called bottom gloss can be sufficiently suppressed.
- the composite pigment of the present invention has a lower gloss when the existing ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more is 30% or more in the volume cumulative distribution measured by a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer. This is preferable because a low gloss coating film can be realized. By doing so, the specular gloss (so-called bottom gloss) at a geometric condition of 85 ° measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999 can be suppressed to 30% or less. Furthermore, in the volume cumulative distribution, if the existing ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more is 20% or more of the total, the specular gloss (bottom gloss) at the geometric condition of 85 ° can be suppressed to 10% or less. Since it is possible, it is more preferable.
- the composite pigment of this invention can implement
- the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and more preferably 15 ⁇ m or less.
- a friction coefficient of the coating film can be used.
- MIU average friction coefficient
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- These friction coefficients can be measured using, for example, a friction tester (KES-SE, manufactured by Kato Tech).
- the value of MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- the composite pigment of the present invention may further have an inorganic compound for surface treatment and / or an organic compound on the outer surface in addition to the above configuration.
- this inorganic compound and / or organic compound is used for so-called “surface treatment of a composite pigment” that exists so as to cover a part or all of the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention.
- the function differs from “inorganic compounds and / or organic compounds”. Therefore, here, “surface-treating inorganic compound and / or organic compound” and “fixing inorganic compound and / or organic compound” are distinguished.
- examples of such inorganic compounds for surface treatment include oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- the organic compound to be present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention the organic compound for surface treatment exemplified in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] can be mentioned as it is.
- the dispersibility in a dispersion medium such as a resin can be improved.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method. That is, an inorganic coloring pigment and an inorganic compound source are added to a solvent such as water and dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry.
- the “inorganic compound source” in the present invention means an inorganic compound that precipitates by adjusting the pH of a slurry, which will be described later, and becomes an inorganic compound that fixes the inorganic coloring pigment.
- examples of such inorganic compound sources include sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, zirconium sulfate, stannous chloride, and titanium tetrachloride.
- sodium silicate is preferred.
- sodium silicate No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 defined in JIS 1408-1966 can be used, but No. 3 is preferably used from the viewpoint of availability and handling.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) between the volume of the inorganic compound source (Va) and the volume of the inorganic color pigment (Vb) is set to 0.3 to 2. It is preferable.
- the volume (Va) of the inorganic compound source means the volume when converted to an inorganic compound that precipitates by pH adjustment described later. If the amount of the inorganic compound source in the slurry is too small, a sufficient fixing action cannot be obtained, and a composite pigment having a desired particle size (particle size distribution) cannot be obtained.
- the solid content concentration of the slurry containing the inorganic coloring pigment and the inorganic compound source is 75 to 450 g / L, and preferably 100 to 400 g / L. By setting it as such solid content density
- the inorganic coloring pigment is fixed by precipitation of the inorganic compound derived from the inorganic compound source.
- sodium silicate used as the inorganic compound source
- the pH at this time is lower, free silica that is not complexed with the inorganic coloring pigment is more likely to precipitate, and the amount of free silica contained in the composite pigment increases.
- the viscosity tends to increase when the composite pigment is made into a paint.
- the higher the pH at this time specifically, around pH 9 to 10
- the particle diameter of the composite pigment tends to be small, and the matting effect tends to be low.
- the dried product may be fired at a higher temperature.
- the firing temperature can be appropriately set, and is preferably about 300 to 900 ° C., for example.
- an inorganic coloring pigment and an organic compound an organic flocculant made of a high molecular compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic coagulant, etc.
- a solvent such as water.
- it is dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry to fix the inorganic coloring pigment.
- a composite pigment in which an inorganic coloring pigment is fixed with an organic compound can be produced.
- the composite pigment of the present invention produced by the various methods described above may be classified for the purpose of removing coarse particles.
- Classification can be performed by pulverization or sieving.
- the classification method by pulverization or sieving can be performed by the same method as that already described in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the composite pigment of the present invention is further subjected to a surface treatment with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound for surface treatment, it can be carried out using a known method such as a wet method or a dry method, and a preferred embodiment at this time is , [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used in various applications as a pigment having a matting effect (matting pigment).
- a matting effect for example, building wall paint pigments (exterior, interior, ceiling, floors and bathtubs, kitchens, toilet walls, etc.), building material paint pigments, automotive paint pigments, furniture paint pigments, electromechanical product paint pigments Is preferably used.
- matting pigments can also be used in various paints instead of so-called matting agents (components added separately from the pigment component to suppress gloss).
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the above-described composite pigment, and contains a resin, a dispersant, an additive, a solvent, and the like as necessary in addition to the composite pigment.
- resins, additives, and solvents include those exemplified as the resins, additives, and solvents included in the coating composition in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- a dispersing agent is selected according to the kind of the inorganic compound and / or organic compound which were used when producing the composite pigment. For example, when silica is used for the composite pigment, the surface of the composite pigment is slightly acidic because the surface of the composite pigment is silica.
- the coating composition of the present invention can be prepared by stirring the composite pigment and, if necessary, the above-mentioned resin, dispersant, additive, solvent and the like with a disperser and defoaming as necessary.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) is preferably adjusted in the range of 10% to 60%.
- the lower limit of the above range, specifically, the pigment volume concentration is more preferably 20 to 40%.
- the upper limit side of the above range, specifically, the pigment volume concentration is more preferably 50 to 60%.
- the coating film of the present invention is obtained by applying the above-mentioned coating composition to an object to be coated and curing it. That is, the coating film of the present invention can be obtained by applying the above-described coating composition to an object to be coated using a brush, a wool roller or the like and drying it.
- Materials to be coated include building materials (concrete, mortar, plaster, plaster, plastic, glass, pottery, stone, wood, etc.), automobile bodies (metal and plastic), furniture and electrical machinery products (plastic and glass) Made of ceramic, ceramic, stone, wooden, etc.).
- the composite pigment of the present invention is obtained by fixing an inorganic color pigment containing zinc element with an inorganic compound.
- the “inorganic coloring pigment” refers to a pigment having an inorganic compound as a main component and exhibiting achromatic colors such as white and black, or chromatic colors such as red, yellow and blue.
- examples of various inorganic color pigments of white, black, red, yellow, blue, and green include various inorganic color pigments exemplified as “inorganic color pigments” in [Embodiments of the present invention (third invention of the present application)]. It is done.
- the inorganic coloring pigment it is preferable to use a white pigment as the inorganic coloring pigment, and it is more preferable to use a titanium dioxide pigment.
- the crystal form of the titanium dioxide pigment may be any of anatase type, rutile type, or brookite type, but it is preferable to use a rutile type or anatase type.
- the titanium dioxide pigment can use what was manufactured by any method of what is called a sulfuric acid method and a chlorine method.
- the preferred size of the inorganic colored pigment constituting the composite pigment of the present invention is preferably an average primary particle size of 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.15 to 0.7 ⁇ m, More preferably, it is 0.2 to 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the composite pigment can be made to have an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution) when the inorganic coloring pigment is fixed with an inorganic compound to form a composite.
- the average primary particle diameter can be measured by the same method as described above in [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] and the electron microscope used to measure the average primary particle diameter.
- the shape of the inorganic coloring pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cube shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can contain extender pigments in addition to the inorganic color pigments described above. That is, the composite pigment of the present invention may be obtained by fixing an inorganic coloring pigment containing zinc element and an extender pigment with an inorganic compound.
- the “extreme pigment” is generally added as an extender in the color developing agent, and is used for improving fluidity, strength or optical properties, and has its own refractive index, hiding power, In addition, the coloring power is small.
- extender pigments examples include calcium carbonate (light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, precipitated (synthetic) calcium carbonate, etc.), barium sulfate (sedimentable (synthetic) barium sulfate, etc.), aluminum hydroxide, barium carbonate, barite.
- examples include powder, kaolin, talc, clay, and white carbon.
- the size of the extender is preferably about the same as that of the inorganic color pigment. Specifically, the average primary particle size is preferably 0.1 to 1.0 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 0.5 ⁇ m, and further preferably 0.1 to 0.35 ⁇ m. preferable.
- the composite pigment By incorporating extender into the composite pigment (in other words, replacing a part of the inorganic coloring pigment in the composite pigment with extender), the composite pigment is maintained while maintaining an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution). The material cost of the pigment can be reduced.
- the content ratio of the inorganic coloring pigment and the extender can be appropriately set.
- the extender volume when the volume of the inorganic coloring pigment is 1, the extender volume is preferably in the range of 0.1 to 2, and more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1. More preferred.
- Examples of the inorganic compound used for fixing the inorganic coloring pigment (and extender pigment) of the present invention are exemplified as the inorganic compound used for fixing the extender pigment in [Embodiment of the present invention (first invention of the present application)]. What you did is listed as it is.
- inorganic silicon compounds are preferable, and examples thereof include silicon oxides, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides.
- silica is particularly preferable.
- the content ratio of the inorganic coloring pigment (and extender pigment) and the inorganic compound is preferably the following ratio. That is, when the volume of the inorganic coloring pigment (and extender pigment) is 1, the volume of the inorganic compound is preferably 0.3 to 2, more preferably 0.4 to 1.5, and 0 More preferably, it is 5 to 1.
- the composite pigment of the present invention takes the form of an aggregate in which inorganic coloring pigments (and extender pigments) are fixed by an inorganic compound. At this time, there may be almost no gap between the inorganic coloring pigments (and extender pigment) (densely complexed), or a moderate gap was formed (roughly complexed). It may be in a state. In addition, a plurality of the above-mentioned densely-combined states (primary aggregates) may be aggregated to form a secondary aggregate in which a moderate gap is formed between the primary aggregates. .
- the shape of the composite pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes. It is more preferable if it is substantially spherical.
- the inorganic compound needs to be present at least between the particles of the inorganic coloring pigment (and extender pigment) in order to exhibit its function (fixation of the pigment component).
- the composite pigment may be present so as to cover a part or all of the surface of the composite pigment.
- the composite pigment of the present invention contains zinc element in the inorganic coloring pigment.
- “Inorganic coloring pigment contains zinc element” means that zinc element is present on the surface of inorganic coloring pigment particles and / or zinc element is contained (doped) inside inorganic coloring pigment. means. The same applies to the case where the inorganic coloring pigment is zinc oxide, which means a state in which zinc elements different from the parent are present on the surface and / or inside of the zinc oxide particles as the parent.
- the composite pigment can be made to have an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution). Moreover, the fine particle contained in a composite pigment can be decreased.
- the zinc element content is preferably 0.5 to 5% by mass in terms of Zn with respect to the inorganic color pigment.
- the zinc element may be present on the surface of the extender pigment particles, or may be present in a state of being contained (doped) in the extender pigment. Or you may exist in the clearance gap between the particle
- the above-mentioned zinc element can be present in the inorganic coloring pigment in various states, but is preferably present in the state of zinc oxide and / or zinc hydroxide.
- Zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide can be easily contained in the inorganic color pigment by a treatment such as precipitation and firing described later, and the composite pigment can be made to have a more suitable size (more preferable particle size distribution). Therefore, it is preferable.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus of 70% or more of the whole. More preferably, it is 80% or more of the whole.
- a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- LA-910 manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- the gloss suppressing effect can be realized at a high level in the coating film containing the composite pigment.
- the specular gloss at a geometric condition of 60 ° measured for a paint film having a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 40% can be 5% or less, and the specular gloss at a geometric condition of 85 °. (Bottom gloss) can be suppressed to 10% or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer of 30 ⁇ m or less.
- D90 cumulative 90% diameter
- the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- a friction coefficient of the coating film can be used.
- MIU average friction coefficient
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- friction coefficients can be measured using, for example, a friction tester (KES-SE, manufactured by Kato Tech).
- KS-SE manufactured by Kato Tech.
- the value of MMD variable of average friction coefficient
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an oil absorption of 80 (ml / 100 g) or less as measured by the method described in JIS K5101-13-1.
- the composite pigment of the present invention may further have another surface treatment inorganic compound and / or organic compound for surface coating on the outer surface thereof.
- This inorganic compound and / or organic compound is present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention (specifically, it exists so as to cover part or all of the surface), so-called “surface treatment of the composite pigment”. Since it is used, the function is different from the inorganic compound and organic compound (also referred to as “fixing inorganic compound and / or organic compound”) used for the fixing described above. For this reason, “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for surface treatment” and “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for fixation” are appropriately distinguished here. If there is no notation for “adhesion” or “for surface” and it cannot be determined from the context before and after, it usually means “for adhesion”.
- examples of such inorganic compounds for surface treatment include oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- Examples of the surface treatment organic compound to be present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention include organosilicon compounds such as silicone resins, siloxanes, silane coupling agents, carboxylic acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid, or salts thereof, polyols, An amine etc. are mentioned.
- organosilicon compounds such as silicone resins, siloxanes, silane coupling agents, carboxylic acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid, or salts thereof, polyols, An amine etc. are mentioned.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method.
- “containing zinc element” includes not only the state in which zinc element is present on the surface of the inorganic colored pigment particle but also the state in which zinc element is present inside the inorganic colored pigment particle.
- the pH of the slurry containing the inorganic coloring pigment and the zinc compound source is adjusted to deposit the zinc compound on the surface of the inorganic coloring pigment.
- the zinc compound source one capable of precipitating a desired zinc compound by adjusting pH can be used.
- the oxide and / or hydroxide of zinc can be obtained. It can be deposited on the surface of the inorganic color pigment.
- an alkali such as sodium hydroxide can be used to adjust the pH.
- an inorganic coloring pigment having a zinc element on the particle surface or inside the particle can be prepared by mixing an inorganic coloring pigment and a zinc compound and heating (baking) the mixture. About the addition amount of a zinc compound, and the temperature of a heating (baking), it can set suitably according to the kind etc. of an inorganic coloring pigment.
- a titanium dioxide pigment having a zinc compound on the particle surface can be prepared as follows. That is, a hydrate of titanium dioxide and a zinc compound as a firing treatment agent are mixed and fired.
- the amount of the zinc compound is preferably 0.1 to 2.0% by mass in terms of ZnO with respect to titanium dioxide.
- the firing conditions can be set as appropriate, but the firing temperature is preferably 800 to 1000 ° C.
- Various zinc compounds can be used as the baking treatment agent, but it is preferable to use an oxide and / or hydroxide of zinc.
- the inorganic coloring pigment obtained as described above, an extender if necessary, and an inorganic compound source are added to a solvent such as water, and dispersed by a disperser such as a disperser to form a slurry.
- the “inorganic compound source” means one that precipitates as an inorganic compound by adjusting the pH of a slurry described later.
- sodium silicate is preferable.
- sodium silicate No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 defined in JIS 1408-1966 can be used, but No. 3 is more preferable in terms of availability and handling.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) between the volume of the inorganic compound source (Va) and the volume of the inorganic color pigment (and extender pigment) (Vb) is 0.3-2. It is preferable to set so.
- the volume (Va) of the inorganic compound source means the volume when converted to an inorganic compound that precipitates as a result of pH adjustment described later. By setting it as such a volume ratio, sufficient fixing effect by an inorganic compound can be obtained and a composite pigment can be made moderate size (preferable particle size distribution).
- an inorganic compound derived from an inorganic compound source is precipitated, and the inorganic coloring pigment (and extender pigment) is fixed by the inorganic compound.
- the inorganic compound source a compound that becomes the above-mentioned inorganic compound by precipitation can be used, and the pH for the precipitation can be appropriately set according to the inorganic compound.
- sodium silicate it is preferable to adjust the pH to 2 to 10 by adding dilute sulfuric acid. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a composite pigment having an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution) while suppressing the formation of free silica.
- the pH is more preferably adjusted to a range of 6 to 9, and more preferably 7 to 8.
- the dried product may be fired at a higher temperature.
- the firing temperature can be appropriately set, and is preferably about 300 to 900 ° C., for example.
- the method for fixing the inorganic color pigment (and extender pigment) with an inorganic compound has been described above, but it is also possible to fix the inorganic color pigment (and extender pigment) with an organic compound. That is, an extender pigment and an organic compound (an organic flocculant composed of a polymer compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic flocculant, etc.) are added to a solvent such as water. Then, it is dispersed by a disperser such as a disperser to form a slurry, and the inorganic color pigment (and extender pigment) is fixed. By doing so, it is possible to produce a composite pigment in which an inorganic coloring pigment (and extender pigment) is fixed with an organic compound.
- an extender pigment and an organic compound an organic flocculant composed of a polymer compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic flocculant
- the composite pigment of the present invention produced by the various methods described above may be classified for the purpose of removing coarse particles.
- Classification can be performed by pulverization or sieving.
- the classification method by pulverization or sieving can be performed by the same method as that already described in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the composite pigment of the present invention is further subjected to a surface treatment with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound for surface treatment, it can be carried out using a known method such as a wet method or a dry method, and a preferred embodiment at this time is , [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used in various applications as a matting pigment.
- paint compositions for building wall painting (exterior, interior, ceiling, floors and bathtubs, kitchen and toilet walls, floors, etc.), building material painting, vehicle painting, furniture painting, electromechanical product painting, etc. It is suitably used as a matting pigment to be blended in
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be blended in various paints as a so-called matting agent (which is added to the paint separately from the colorant and exhibits a matting effect).
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the above-described composite pigment and / or matting pigment and a resin, and contains additives, solvents, dispersants and the like as necessary.
- the resin contained in the coating composition of the present invention those exemplified as the resin contained as the coating composition in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] can be used.
- Examples of the additive contained in the coating composition of the present invention include various commonly used emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, thickeners, antifoaming agents and the like.
- Specific examples of the solvent include those exemplified as the solvent used in the coating composition in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- a dispersing agent is suitably selected according to the kind of inorganic compound used when synthesize
- a dispersant having an amine value as the dispersant.
- those exemplified as the dispersant having an amine value in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] can be mentioned as they are.
- the composite pigment of the present invention itself functions as a colorant. Accordingly, when preparing the coating composition of the present invention, it is not necessary to add a coloring material separately, but it is also possible to add a coloring material separately from the composite pigment.
- a general pigment, dye, or the like can be used as the colorant.
- Examples of the pigment contained in the coating composition of the present invention are those exemplified as pigments that can be used as the “colorant” in the coating composition in the above-mentioned [Embodiment of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)]. Can be mentioned as it is.
- the coating composition of the present invention can be prepared by stirring the composite pigment and the resin, and if necessary, the above-described dispersant, additive, solvent, colorant and the like with a disperser and defoaming as necessary. .
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) is preferably adjusted in the range of 10% to 60%.
- the lower limit of the above range, specifically, the pigment volume concentration is more preferably 20 to 40%.
- the upper limit side of the above range, specifically, the pigment volume concentration is more preferably 50 to 60%.
- the coating film of the present invention is obtained by coating the above-described coating composition on an object and curing it. That is, the coating film of the present invention can be obtained by applying the above-mentioned coating composition to an object using a brush, a wool roller or the like and drying it.
- Targets include building materials (concrete, mortar, plaster, plaster, plastic, glass, pottery, stone, wood, etc.) and vehicle bodies (metal, plastic), furniture and electrical machinery products (plastic, glass, Ceramic, stone, wooden, etc.).
- the composite pigment of the present invention comprises extender pigment particles fixed to an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound. In other words, a plurality of (two or more) via inorganic compounds and / or organic compounds. ) Extender (specifically, particles of extender pigments) are aggregated in a granular form.
- Extender specifically, particles of extender pigments
- the “extreme pigment” is generally added as an extender in the color developing agent, and is used for improving fluidity, strength or optical properties, and has its own refractive index, hiding power, And a pigment having a small coloring power, which becomes transparent or translucent when kneaded with a color developing agent.
- extender pigments include barium sulfate (such as precipitated (synthetic) barium sulfate), calcium carbonate (such as light calcium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, and precipitated (synthetic) calcium carbonate), aluminum hydroxide, barium carbonate, and barite.
- Examples include powder, kaolin, talc, clay, and white carbon.
- the extender calcium carbonate and barium sulfate are preferable. Among them, when barium sulfate is used as the extender, acid resistance, alkali resistance, heat resistance, radiation shielding characteristics and the like can be imparted to the composite pigment.
- the average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.15 ⁇ m or more and 0.7 ⁇ m or less. More preferably, it is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the composite pigment can be made to have an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution) when the extender pigment particles are fixed and assembled with an inorganic compound.
- the average primary particle diameter can be measured by electron microscopy.
- the particles of the extender were photographed, and image processing was performed using an automatic image processing analysis device (Nireco Luzex AP).
- the primary particle diameter is measured for the particles, and the average value is defined as the average primary particle diameter.
- the particle shape of the extender pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cube shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- Examples of the inorganic compound used for fixing the extender pigment particles include an inorganic compound having adhesiveness or cohesion, for example, oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxide And hydrated oxides. More specifically, examples include silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, and titanium oxide, and at least one selected from inorganic compounds other than extender pigments. Can be used.
- the inorganic compound is preferably an inorganic silicon compound, and examples thereof include silicon oxide, hydroxide, and hydrated oxide.
- examples thereof include silicon oxide, hydroxide, and hydrated oxide.
- silica is particularly preferable.
- the content ratio of the extender pigment particles to the inorganic compound in the composite pigment is preferably such that the volume of the inorganic compound is 0.1 or more and 3 or less when the volume of the extender pigment is 1. .
- the volume of the inorganic compound is more preferably 0.3 or more and 3 or less with respect to the volume 1 of the extender pigment.
- the volume of the inorganic compound is more preferably 0.1 or more and 1.5 or less with respect to the volume 1 of the extender pigment particles.
- it is more preferable that the volume of the inorganic compound is 0.3 to 1.5 with respect to the volume 1 of the extender pigment particles.
- an organic compound having the same characteristics (property to fix extender pigment particles) as the above inorganic compound may be used together with or separately from the above inorganic compound.
- an organic flocculant, an organic coagulant and the like can be used as the organic compound.
- the organic flocculant and the organic flocculant are not particularly limited as long as they can entangle and aggregate a plurality of particles with the polymer chain, and are cationic polymer, anionic polymer, nonionic A polymer compound such as a polymer can be used.
- the content of the organic compound can be set as appropriate, but in the mass ratio, when the mass of the extender pigment component is 1, the mass of the organic compound is preferably 0.001 or more and 1 or less, 0.001 It is more preferably 0.1 or less and more preferably 0.01 or more and 0.05 or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention takes the form of an aggregate in which extender pigment particles are fixed by an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound. At this time, there may be almost no gap (densely compounded) between the extender pigments, or a moderate gap may be formed (coarsely compounded). Good.
- a plurality of the above-mentioned densely-combined states may be aggregated to form a secondary aggregate in which a moderate gap is formed between the primary aggregates. .
- the shape of the particles of the composite pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes, It is more preferable if it is spherical or substantially spherical.
- the inorganic compound and / or the organic compound needs to be present at least between the particles of the extender pigment in order to perform its function (function of fixing the extender pigments).
- an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound may be present so as to cover a part or all of the particle surface of the composite pigment.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 50% diameter (D50) of 1 ⁇ m or more and 15 ⁇ m or less in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- D50 cumulative 50% diameter
- a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- the gloss suppressing effect can be expressed in a high dimension in the coating film containing the composite pigment.
- a clear paint is prepared with a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 20%, this is converted into a coating film, and the specular gloss is measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999.
- the specular glossiness at 60 ° can be 5% or less. This is not limited to the degree of gloss suppression, which is generally called “7-minute gloss (60 ° specular gloss is 55 to 65%)”, “5-minute gloss”, and “3-minute gloss”. It means that gloss is suppressed to a certain extent.
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer of 5 ⁇ m to 30 ⁇ m.
- D90 cumulative 90% diameter
- a clear paint was prepared with a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 20%, and this was converted into a coating film, which was measured in accordance with JIS K5600-4-7: 1999. (Bottom gloss) can be suppressed to 10% or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is characterized in that the coating feel in a state blended in the coating film is good (smooth), and the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is 30 ⁇ m or less, It is preferable because a sufficiently smooth coating feel can be realized. From the viewpoint of the feel of the coating film, the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less.
- a friction coefficient of the coating film can be used.
- MIU average friction coefficient
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- these friction coefficients can be measured using, for example, a friction tester (KES-SE, manufactured by Kato Tech).
- the value of MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- the composite pigment of the present invention preferably has an oil absorption of 80 (ml / 100 g) or less as measured by the method described in JIS K5101-13-1.
- the oil absorption is more preferably 60 (ml / 100 g) or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention includes inorganic colored pigment particles in addition to extender pigment particles, and includes inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles in which both pigment particles are fixed with the inorganic compound and / or organic compound. It is what. In other words, in the composite pigment in which extender pigment particles are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or organic matter, which is one embodiment of the present invention described above, a part of the extender pigment particles is replaced with inorganic colored pigment particles. It is. Therefore, the composite pigment of the present invention is a composite pigment in which at least inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound.
- inorganic colored pigment particles refer to pigments that have an inorganic compound as a main component and exhibit achromatic colors such as white and black, or chromatic colors such as red, yellow, and blue.
- white inorganic coloring pigments include titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, and lead white.
- black inorganic coloring pigments include low-order titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride (titanium black), carbon black, bone black (bone charcoal), graphite, iron black, cobalt black, iron-chromium composite oxide, copper-chromium Examples thereof include black composite oxide and Fe—Mn—Bi black.
- red inorganic coloring pigments include petals and molybdenum red.
- yellow inorganic coloring pigments include nickel antimony titanium yellow, chrome titanium yellow, yellow iron oxide, and chrome yellow.
- blue inorganic coloring pigments include ultramarine blue, bitumen, and cobalt blue.
- green inorganic coloring pigments include cobalt green, chromium green, chromium oxide green, cobalt-aluminum-chromium green, cobalt-titanium-nickel-zinc green, and the like. At least one selected can be used.
- the inorganic coloring pigment it is preferable to use a white pigment as the inorganic coloring pigment, and it is more preferable to use a titanium dioxide pigment.
- the crystal form of the titanium dioxide pigment may be any of anatase type, rutile type, or brookite type, but it is preferable to use a rutile type or anatase type.
- the titanium dioxide pigment can use what was manufactured by any method of what is called a sulfuric acid method and a chlorine method.
- the average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.15 ⁇ m or more and 0.7 ⁇ m or less. Preferably, it is 0.2 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less.
- the composite pigment has an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution). be able to.
- the average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, and is 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less. Is more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 0.3 ⁇ m or less.
- the composite pigment can be appropriately sized when the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment are combined. As a result, low glossiness (gloss suppressing effect) and concealment can be improved, and the touch feeling of the coating film can be made smoother, which is preferable.
- the average primary particle size can be measured by the electron microscopy described above.
- the particle shape of the inorganic coloring pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes.
- the extender pigment particles enter between inorganic colored pigment particles such as a titanium oxide pigment and function as a spacer for providing an appropriate interval between the particles.
- the volume of the extender pigment particles is important.
- calcium carbonate has a relatively small specific gravity and can secure a sufficient volume even with a small amount of use. Therefore, from the viewpoint of cost, it is more preferable to use calcium carbonate for the extender.
- sedimentary (synthetic) calcium carbonate is particularly preferable. This is because sedimentary (synthetic) calcium carbonate can be easily designed to have a desired particle size and can be easily obtained with a desired particle size.
- the extender pigment particles constituting the composite pigment of the present invention are preferably substantially the same as the inorganic colored pigment particles.
- the average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 1.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 0.5 ⁇ m or less, and 0.1 ⁇ m or more and 0.35 ⁇ m or less. More preferably.
- the content ratio between the inorganic colored pigment particles and the extender pigment particles can be appropriately set.
- the volume of the inorganic coloring pigment particles when the volume of the inorganic coloring pigment particles is 1, the volume of the extender pigment particles is preferably in the range of 0.1 or more and 2 or less, and the range of 0.5 or more and 1 or less. It is more preferable that In the composite pigment of the present invention, when the inorganic coloring pigment is a titanium oxide pigment, the content ratio of the titanium oxide pigment and the extender pigment can be set as appropriate.
- the mass of the extender is preferably 0.01 or more and 100 or less, more preferably 0.1 or more and 10 or less, and further preferably 0.2 or more and 1 or less.
- the above-described inorganic compound and / or organic compound is used.
- the content of the inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles and the inorganic compound is as follows. That is, when the volume of the inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles is 1, the volume of the inorganic compound is preferably 0.3 or more and 2 or less, more preferably 0.4 or more and 1.5 or less. And more preferably 0.5 or more and 1 or less.
- an organic flocculant As the organic compound constituting the composite pigment of the present invention, an organic flocculant, an organic flocculant and the like can be used.
- the organic flocculant and the organic flocculant are not particularly limited as long as they can entangle and aggregate a plurality of particles with the polymer chain, and are cationic polymer, anionic polymer, nonionic A polymer compound such as a polymer can be used.
- the content ratio with the organic compound can be set as appropriate, but in the mass ratio, when the mass of the pigment component is 1, the mass of the organic compound is preferably 0.001 or more and 1 or less, 0.001 It is more preferably 0.1 or less and more preferably 0.01 or more and 0.05 or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention takes the form of an aggregate in which at least inorganic colored pigment particles (titanium oxide pigment or the like) and extender pigment particles are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound.
- the composite pigment can take various modes, but typically, a mode in which at least a plurality of inorganic colored pigment particles and a plurality of extender pigment particles are fixed with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound is exemplified.
- the number of the fixed inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles is plural ( 2 or more).
- the same kind of particles do not exist together in a specific place, but extender particles exist between the inorganic colored pigment particles.
- extender pigment particles serve as a spacer, low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) and concealment can be improved.
- extender pigment particles do not necessarily have to be present between all inorganic colored pigment particles, and even if a region where the same type of constituent particles are present is formed in some regions of the composite pigment.
- the composite pigment is viewed macroscopically, an embodiment in which a plurality of inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles are uniformly dispersed is preferable.
- the particle shape of the inorganic colored pigment and / or extender is preferably spherical or substantially spherical.
- the primary particle diameter is about the same as the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic colored pigment or smaller than the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic colored pigment.
- the average primary particle diameter of the inorganic color pigment is 1, the extender average primary particle diameter is preferably 0.1 or more and 1.5 or less, and 0.5 or more and 1 or less. It is more preferable. This is because the extender pigment particles easily function as spacers between the inorganic colored pigment particles by using extender pigment particles that are the same as or smaller than the inorganic colored pigment particles.
- the inorganic colored pigment particles (titanium oxide pigment and the like) and the extender pigment particles may be in a state in which there is almost no gap (densely compounded) with each other by the inorganic compound and / or the organic compound, It may be in a state in which voids are appropriately formed (coarsely combined).
- a plurality of the above-mentioned densely-complexed states (primary aggregates) may be aggregated to form a secondary aggregate in which appropriate gaps are formed between the primary aggregates. .
- the shape of the composite pigment may be any shape, and may take various shapes such as a spherical shape, a substantially spherical shape, a columnar shape, a needle shape, a spindle shape, an elliptical shape, a cubic shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and other irregular shapes. It is more preferable if it is substantially spherical.
- the inorganic compound and / or the organic compound must be present at least between the constituent particles of the composite pigment (inorganic colored pigment particles such as titanium oxide pigment and extender pigment particles). Furthermore, you may exist so that a part or all of the surface of a composite pigment may be coat
- the composite pigment containing the inorganic colored pigment particles of the present invention preferably has a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) of 30 ⁇ m or less in a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device.
- D90 cumulative 90% diameter
- the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) is more preferably 20 ⁇ m or less, and further preferably 10 ⁇ m or less.
- the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) of the composite pigment can be measured using the laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus.
- the friction coefficient of the coating film can be used, and as the friction coefficient, MIU (average friction coefficient), MMD (variation of average friction coefficient), or the like can be used. it can.
- MIU average friction coefficient
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- the composite pigment of the present invention by setting the cumulative 90% diameter (D90) to 20 ⁇ m or less, the value of MMD (variation of average friction coefficient) can be set to 0.02 or less.
- the composite pigment containing the inorganic colored pigment particles of the present invention has a median diameter D50 (cumulative 50% diameter in the cumulative volume distribution) measured by the laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus of 1 ⁇ m or more and 10 ⁇ m or less. Preferably, it is 1 to 6 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 3 ⁇ m.
- the composite pigment containing the inorganic colored pigment particles of the present invention preferably has an oil absorption of 80 (ml / 100 g) or less as measured by the method described in JIS K5101-13-1.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can contain zinc element in the inorganic colored pigment particles.
- “Inorganic colored pigment particles contain zinc element” means that zinc element is present on the surface of inorganic colored pigment particles and / or zinc element is contained (doped) inside inorganic colored pigment particles Means state.
- the inorganic coloring pigment is zinc oxide, which means a state in which zinc elements different from the parent are present on the surface and / or inside of the zinc oxide particles as the parent.
- the composite pigment can be made to have an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution).
- the fine particle contained in a composite pigment can be decreased.
- the proportion of relatively large particles can be increased by reducing fine particles, and as a result, the matting effect can be enhanced. it can.
- the content of zinc element is preferably 0.5% by mass or more and 5% by mass or less in terms of Zn with respect to the inorganic coloring pigment.
- the zinc element may be present on the surface of the extender pigment particles, or may be present in a state of being contained (doped) in the extender pigment particles. Or you may exist in the clearance gap between the particle
- the above zinc element can be present in the inorganic colored pigment particles in various states, but is preferably present in the state of zinc oxide and / or zinc hydroxide.
- Zinc oxide and zinc hydroxide can be easily contained in the inorganic colored pigment particles by a treatment such as precipitation and firing described later, and the composite pigment can be made to have a more suitable size (more preferable particle size distribution). It is preferable because it is possible.
- the composite pigment containing the inorganic colored pigment particles of the present invention has a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring device, and the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more is 70% or more of the total. And more preferably 80% or more of the total.
- a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution measuring apparatus “LA-910” manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.
- the gloss suppressing effect can be realized at a high level in the coating film containing the composite pigment.
- the specular gloss at a geometric condition of 60 ° measured for a paint film having a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 40% can be 5% or less, and the specular gloss at a geometric condition of 85 °. (Bottom gloss) can be suppressed to 10% or less.
- the composite pigment of the present invention may further have an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound for surface treatment on the outer surface in addition to the above configuration.
- This inorganic compound and / or organic compound is present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention (specifically, it exists so as to cover part or all of the surface), so-called “surface treatment of the composite pigment”. Since it is used, the function is different from the inorganic compound and organic compound (also referred to as “fixing inorganic compound and / or organic compound”) used for the fixing described above. For this reason, “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for surface treatment” and “inorganic compound and / or organic compound for fixation” are appropriately distinguished here. If there is no notation for “adhesion” or “for surface” and it cannot be determined from the context before and after, it usually means “for adhesion”.
- examples of such inorganic compounds for surface treatment include oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- oxides such as silicon, aluminum, zirconium, antimony, tin, cerium, zinc, and titanium, hydroxides, and hydrated oxides. More specifically, silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, zirconium oxide, antimony oxide, tin oxide, cerium oxide, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, and the like can be used.
- Examples of the surface treatment organic compound to be present on the surface of the composite pigment of the present invention include organosilicon compounds such as silicone resins, siloxanes, silane coupling agents, carboxylic acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid, or salts thereof, polyols, An amine etc. are mentioned.
- organosilicon compounds such as silicone resins, siloxanes, silane coupling agents, carboxylic acids such as stearic acid and lauric acid, or salts thereof, polyols, An amine etc. are mentioned.
- functional pigments such as various color pigments, organic pigments, organic dyes, and heat-shielding pigments are appropriately used in addition to inorganic color pigment particles (titanium oxide pigments, etc.) and extender pigment particles. You may mix
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following method. That is, extender pigment particles and an inorganic compound source are added to a solvent such as water and dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry.
- the “inorganic compound source” in the present invention means a material that precipitates as an inorganic compound by adjusting the pH of a slurry described later. Examples of such inorganic compound sources include sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, zirconium sulfate, stannous chloride, and titanium tetrachloride.
- sodium silicate is preferred.
- sodium silicate No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 defined in JIS 1408-1966 can be used, but No. 3 is preferably used from the viewpoint of availability and handling.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) between the volume (Va) of the inorganic compound source and the volume (Vb) of the extender pigment particles is set to be 0.1 or more and 3 or less. It is preferable.
- the volume (Va) of the inorganic compound source means the volume when converted to an inorganic compound that precipitates as a result of pH adjustment described later. By setting it as such a volume ratio, sufficient fixing effect by an inorganic compound can be obtained and a composite pigment can be made moderate size (preferable particle size distribution).
- an inorganic compound derived from the inorganic compound source is precipitated, and the extender pigment particles are fixed by the inorganic compound.
- sodium silicate as the inorganic compound source
- the pH adjustment by addition of the dilute sulfuric acid it is more preferable to adjust the pH in the range of 6 to 9, more preferably in the range of 7 to 8.
- aluminum sulfate is used as the inorganic compound source, it is preferable to adjust the pH to 4 or more and 13 or less by adding sodium hydroxide while heating the slurry and maintaining it at about 50 to 100 ° C.
- the dried product may be fired at a higher temperature.
- the firing temperature can be appropriately set, and is preferably about 300 ° C. or higher and 900 ° C. or lower, for example.
- extender particles can also be fixed with an organic compound. That is, extender pigment particles and an organic compound (an organic flocculant composed of a high molecular compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic coagulant, etc.) are added to a solvent such as water. Then, it is dispersed with a disper or the like to form a slurry to fix the extender pigment particles. By doing so, it is possible to produce a composite pigment in which extender pigment particles are fixed with an organic compound.
- an organic flocculant composed of a high molecular compound such as a cationic polymer, an anionic polymer, or a nonionic polymer, an organic coagulant, etc.
- the composite pigment containing the inorganic colored pigment particles of the present invention can be produced by various known methods. For example, it can be granulated by a granulator, but it is difficult to produce a fine composite pigment. Therefore, a slurry containing at least inorganic colored pigment particles (titanium oxide pigment or the like), extender pigment particles, an inorganic compound source and / or an organic compound is prepared, and at least the inorganic colored pigment particles and the extender pigment particles are stirred with the inorganic compound and the extender pigment particles. When fixed with an organic compound, it is a preferable method because a fine composite pigment having a median diameter D50 and a cumulative 90% diameter (D90) in the above range can be easily produced.
- inorganic colored pigment particles titanium oxide pigment, etc.
- extender pigment particles calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, etc.
- an inorganic compound source is added to a solvent such as water and dispersed with a disper etc. to make a slurry.
- inorganic coloring pigment particles containing zinc element may be used.
- “containing zinc element” includes not only the state in which zinc element is present on the surface of the inorganic colored pigment particle but also the state in which zinc element is present inside the inorganic colored pigment particle.
- the inorganic coloring pigment containing zinc element can be prepared as follows.
- the pH of a slurry containing inorganic coloring pigment particles and a zinc compound source is adjusted to deposit a zinc compound on the surface of the inorganic coloring pigment particles.
- the zinc compound source one capable of precipitating a desired zinc compound by adjusting pH can be used.
- zinc compound source by using zinc sulfate heptahydrate or zinc chloride as a zinc compound source, and adjusting the pH of the slurry to about 8 or more and 8.5 or less, zinc oxide and / or hydroxide Can be deposited on the surface of the inorganic colored pigment particles.
- an alkali such as sodium hydroxide can be used to adjust the pH.
- inorganic colored pigment particles having zinc element on the particle surface or inside the particles can be prepared by mixing inorganic colored pigment particles and a zinc compound and heating (baking) the mixture.
- a zinc compound and the temperature of a heating (baking)
- it can set suitably according to the kind etc. of an inorganic coloring pigment.
- a titanium dioxide pigment having a zinc compound on the particle surface can be prepared as follows. That is, a hydrate of titanium dioxide and a zinc compound as a firing treatment agent are mixed and fired.
- the amount of the zinc compound is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less in terms of ZnO with respect to titanium dioxide.
- the firing conditions can be set as appropriate, but the firing temperature is preferably 800 ° C. or higher and 1000 ° C. or lower.
- Various zinc compounds can be used as the baking treatment agent, but it is preferable to use an oxide and / or hydroxide of zinc.
- the “inorganic compound source” means one that precipitates as an inorganic compound by adjusting the pH of a slurry described later.
- examples of such inorganic compound sources include sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, aluminum sulfate, zirconium sulfate, stannous chloride, and titanium tetrachloride.
- sodium silicate is preferable, and can be used together with No. 1, No. 2, and No. 3 specified in JIS 1408-1966. However, No. 3 is used in terms of availability and handling. preferable.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of the volume of inorganic compound source (Va) to the volume of inorganic colored pigment particles and extender pigment particles (Vb) is 0.3 or more and 2 or less. It is preferable to set so that
- the volume (Va) of the inorganic compound source means the volume when converted into an inorganic compound that precipitates as a result of pH adjustment described later. By setting it as such a volume ratio, sufficient fixing effect by an inorganic compound can be obtained and a composite pigment can be made moderate size (preferable particle size distribution).
- the inorganic coloring pigment particles contain zinc element, even if the volume ratio (Va / Vb) is less than 0.3 (for example, about 0.25), it has an appropriate size ( A composite pigment having a preferable particle size distribution can be obtained.
- an inorganic compound derived from the inorganic compound source is precipitated, and the inorganic colored pigment particles and the extender pigment particles are fixed by the inorganic compound.
- the pH for precipitation of the inorganic compound can be appropriately set according to the extender pigment particles and the inorganic compound source.
- the pH is preferably adjusted to about 7.0 or more and 10.0 or less.
- barium sulfate is used as the extender, the pH is preferably adjusted to about 3.0 or more and 10.0 or less.
- the inorganic compound source when sodium silicate is used as the inorganic compound source, it is preferable to adjust the pH to 2 or more and 10 or less by adding dilute sulfuric acid. By doing so, it is possible to obtain a composite pigment having an appropriate size (preferable particle size distribution) while suppressing the formation of free silica.
- the pH adjustment by addition of the dilute sulfuric acid it is more preferable to adjust the pH in the range of 6 to 9, more preferably in the range of 7 to 8.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be produced by dewatering and washing by a known method, drying, and appropriately pulverizing. Further, if necessary, the dried product may be fired at a higher temperature.
- the firing temperature can be appropriately set, and is preferably about 300 ° C. or higher and 900 ° C. or lower, for example.
- the composite pigment of the present invention produced by the various methods described above may be classified for the purpose of removing coarse particles.
- Classification can be performed by pulverization or sieving.
- the classification method by pulverization is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an atomizer. Examples of the classification method using a sieve include wet classification and dry classification.
- the composite pigment of the present invention When the composite pigment of the present invention is further surface-treated with an inorganic compound and / or an organic compound, it can be carried out using a known method such as a wet method or a dry method. At this time, in order not to break the produced composite pigment, it is preferable to avoid a treatment method that requires high torque.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is surface-treated with the inorganic compound and / or the organic compound by adding water or an organic solvent to the inorganic pigment and / or the organic compound and mixing them. Can do.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used for various applications.
- paint compositions for building wall painting (exterior, interior, ceiling, floors and bathtubs, kitchen and toilet walls, floors, etc.), building material painting, vehicle painting, furniture painting, electromechanical product painting, etc.
- a matting agent to be blended in
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be blended as a matting agent in plastics, rubber, latex, elastomers and the like.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used, or can be used in combination with conventional matting agents, colorants, additives and the like.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can be used as a filler, additive, filler, extender pigment, fluidity-imparting agent, strength aid, optical property improver, and the like as various coating compositions, plastics, rubber, latex, It can be blended in elastomers, ceramics, glass, metals and the like.
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the above-described composite pigment and resin, and contains a colorant, a dispersant, an additive, a solvent, and the like as necessary.
- various coating resins such as epoxy resins, modified epoxy resins, silicone resins, acrylic silicone resins, and fluororesins.
- a pigment, a dye, or the like can be used as the coloring material.
- various inorganic pigments titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, white lead, low-order titanium oxide, titanium oxynitride (titanium black), carbon black, bone black (bone charcoal), Graphite, iron black, cobalt black, iron-chromium composite oxide, copper-chromium black composite oxide, Fe-Mn-Bi black, dial, molybdenum red, nickel antimony titanium yellow, chromium titanium yellow, yellow iron oxide, chromium Yellow, ultramarine, bitumen, cobalt blue, cobalt green, chrome green, chromium oxide green, cobalt-aluminum-chromium green, cobalt-titanium-nickel-zinc green, etc.) and various organic pigments (lake red 4R, ITR Red, Naphthol Red, Pyrarozone Orange, Pirarozon Le , Benzimidazol
- a transparent (semi-transparent) matte coating by not mix
- a transparent (semi-transparent) matte paint is a top coat that is applied on top of a base layer (a layer formed by painting a colored gloss paint or glitter paint on a base material) for use in vehicles, etc. Can be used as
- additives contained in the coating composition of the present invention include various commonly used emulsifiers, antifreeze agents, pH adjusters, thickeners, antifoaming agents and the like.
- the solvent include water, toluene, xylene, mineral spirit, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methanol, butanol, ethyl acetate, amine acetate, ethylene glycol and the like.
- a dispersing agent is suitably selected according to the kind of inorganic compound used when synthesize
- a dispersant having an amine value As the dispersant.
- Specific examples include “DISPERBYK (registered trademark) -183”, “DISPERBYK (registered trademark) -184”, and “DISPERBYK (registered trademark) -185” manufactured by BYK.
- the amount of the composite pigment added is in the range of 0.1% by mass to 10% by mass. It is more preferable to adjust, and it is still more preferable to adjust to the range of 7-8, and it is more preferable to set it as 1 mass% or more and 5 mass% or less.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the composite pigment is 5 % Or more, preferably 40% or less, more preferably 10% or more and 30% or less, and even more preferably 15% or more and 25% or less. By setting it as such a range, it can be set as the matting coating material for topcoats which can fully suppress glossiness, maintaining the coloring of a base layer.
- the composite pigment containing the inorganic colored pigment particles of the present invention can be used for various applications as a colored pigment (matte pigment) having low gloss (matte suppression effect).
- a colored pigment for example, paint compositions for building wall painting (exterior, interior, ceiling, floors and bathtubs, kitchen and toilet walls, floors, etc.), building material painting, automobile painting, furniture painting, electromechanical product painting, etc. It is suitably used as a matting pigment to be blended in.
- matting pigments can also be used in various paints instead of so-called matting agents (those that are added to the paint separately from the colorant and exhibit a matting effect).
- the coating composition of the present invention contains the above-mentioned composite pigment and / or matting pigment and the above resin, and contains the above-mentioned additive, solvent, dispersant and the like as necessary.
- the composite pigment of the present invention itself functions as a coloring material when it contains inorganic colored pigment particles. Therefore, when preparing the coating composition of the present invention, it is not necessary to add a colorant separately, but it is also possible to add a colorant separately from the composite pigment.
- the coloring material the above-mentioned general pigments and dyes can be used.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) is preferably adjusted in the range of 10% to 60%.
- the pigment volume concentration on the lower limit side of the above range is more preferably 20% or more and 40% or less, more preferably 30% or more. 40% or less.
- the pigment volume concentration on the upper limit side in the above range is specifically preferably set to 50% or more and 60% or less.
- the coating composition of the present invention can be prepared by stirring the composite pigment and the resin, and if necessary, the above-described dispersant, additive, solvent, colorant and the like with a disperser and defoaming as necessary. .
- the coating film of the present invention is obtained by coating the above-described coating composition on an object and curing it. That is, the coating film of the present invention can be obtained by applying the above-mentioned coating composition to an object using a brush, a wool roller or the like and drying it.
- Targets include building materials (concrete, mortar, plaster, plaster, plastic, glass, pottery, stone, wood, etc.) and vehicle bodies (metal, plastic), furniture and electrical machinery products (plastic, glass, Ceramic, stone, wooden, etc.).
- the object may be pre-painted with a paint composition (gloss paint, glitter paint, etc.) different from the paint composition of the present invention.
- Example 1-1 Disperse 135 g of barium sulfate (manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industries: TS-2, average primary particle size: 0.3 ⁇ m) in 705 g of pure water, add 231 g of No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) and mix to add silica.
- a barium sulfate slurry containing sodium acid was prepared.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) between the volume Va of sodium silicate (in terms of SiO 2 ) and the volume Vb of barium sulfate in this slurry was 1.
- This solution was put into a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. while stirring. While maintaining the liquid temperature at 75 ° C., 2.0% by mass of sulfuric acid was added over 3 hours using a microtube pump (MP-2001, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.) to adjust the pH of the solution to 7.5. Thereafter, the mixture was aged for 1 hour to obtain an aggregate of barium sulfate containing silica as a binder in the solution. Furthermore, no. The solution was filtered using two filter papers, and the solid matter remaining on the filter paper was washed with water and filtered again to obtain the wet cake of the aggregate.
- MP-2001 manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.
- the obtained wet cake was heat-dried for 16 hours with a dryer set at 120 ° C.
- the dry powder of the aggregate thus obtained was dry-pulverized using a pulverizer (Stud Mill 63Z manufactured by Hadano Sangyo), and then classified using a classifier (TC-15M manufactured by Hosokawa Micron) (rotation speed: 3600 rpm, Air volume: 1.5 m 3 / min) to obtain a composite pigment in which barium sulfate was fixed with silica.
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-1 is shown in FIG.
- Example 1-2 In Example 1-1, the amount of silica source added was increased. Specifically, the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of sodium silicate (in terms of SiO 2 ) and barium sulfate is changed by changing the amount of pure water used to 540 g and the amount of No. 3 water glass added to 462 g. A slurry of 2 was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment having barium sulfate fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-2 is shown in FIG.
- Example 1-3 In Example 1-1, the amount of silica source added was reduced. Specifically, the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of sodium silicate (SiO 2 equivalent) to barium sulfate is changed by changing the amount of pure water used to 788 g and the amount of No. 3 water glass added to 116 g. A slurry of 0.5 was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment having barium sulfate fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-3 is shown in FIG.
- Example 1-4 In Example 1-1, the addition amount of the silica source was further smaller than that in Example 1-3. Specifically, the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of sodium silicate (SiO 2 equivalent) to barium sulfate is changed by changing the amount of pure water used to 829 g and the amount of No. 3 water glass added to 58 g. A slurry of 0.25 was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment having barium sulfate fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 1-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 1-4 is shown in FIG.
- barium sulfate of Comparative Example 1-1 (manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industry: W-1, average particle size 1.5 ⁇ m), barium sulfate of Comparative Example 1-2 (manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industry: W-6, average) Particle diameter 4.5 ⁇ m), barium sulfate of Comparative Example 1-3 (Takehara Chemical Industries: W-10, average particle diameter 10 ⁇ m), Comparative Example 1-4 of silica (Fuji Silysia: Silicia 276, average particle diameter 7 ⁇ m) ) And the measurement results of various powder physical properties of resin beads of Comparative Example 1-5 (manufactured by Negami Kogyo: Art Pearl G-800, average particle diameter 6 ⁇ m) are shown.
- the measuring method of various powder physical properties is as follows. In the following description of the measuring method, “sample” refers to the composite pigments of various examples or the matting agent of comparative examples.
- the particle size distribution was measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (LA-910, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). Specifically, an aqueous solution in which 0.3% by mass of sodium hexametaphosphate is dissolved is used as a dispersion medium, each sample is mixed therein, and irradiated with ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes while circulating and stirring in the apparatus. After dispersion and adjustment so that the transmittance by laser light was 73 ⁇ 3%, the particle size distribution was measured on a volume basis. At this time, the relative refractive index (complex refractive index) is 1.6-0.00i in Examples and Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3, and 1.5-0.
- FIG. 5 shows a volume cumulative particle size distribution diagram of the composite pigment of Example 1-1 as a representative of various examples.
- the BET specific surface area was measured by a nitrogen adsorption method using a BET specific surface area measuring apparatus “MONOSORB” (manufactured by Yuasa Ionics).
- Pigment test method Measured according to JIS-K5101-13-1: 2004. Specifically, 5 g of a sample was taken on a smooth glass plate, and oil was dropped from the burette on the boiled rice, and the whole was kneaded with a palette knife each time. Dropping and kneading were repeated, and the end point was the point at which it could be wound into a spiral shape using a pallet knife. The amount of oil absorbed by each sample was divided by the mass of each sample to calculate the amount of oil absorbed. In Table 1-1, the oil absorption is expressed in units of ml / 100 g.
- Transparent matte coating compositions were prepared using the composite pigments of the various examples described above and the matting agent of the comparative example.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the coating composition was set to 20%, and the solid content volume concentration (SVC) was set to 30%.
- the raw materials were blended in the ratios shown in Table 1-2 below, stirred for 5 minutes using a disperser (TK Robotics, Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd., rotation speed: 3000 rpm), and then mixed with a hybrid mixer ( By defoaming with HM-500 manufactured by Keyence, a transparent matte coating composition was obtained.
- TK Robotics Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd., rotation speed: 3000 rpm
- the samples of the corresponding Examples and Comparative Examples were used as matting agents. Further, in the transparent matting coating composition of Comparative Example 1-6, a mixture of the barium sulfate matting agent of Comparative Example 1-1 and the silica matting agent of Comparative Example 1-4 in a volume ratio of 1: 1 was used. Used as a matting agent.
- the transparent matting coating composition of Comparative Example 1-7 is a matte mixture of the barium sulfate matting agent of Comparative Example 1-2 and the silica matting agent of Comparative Example 1-4 in a volume ratio of 1: 1. Used as an agent.
- the transparent matte coating composition of Comparative Example 1-8 is a matte mixture of the barium sulfate matting agent of Comparative Example 1-3 and the silica matting agent of Comparative Example 1-4 in a volume ratio of 1: 1. Used as an agent.
- Viscosities of the transparent matte coating compositions of various Examples and Comparative Examples were measured using a Brookfield type B type rotational viscometer (TVB-10 type viscometer manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.). The measurement results are shown in Table 1-3. The measurement was performed under the following conditions. The coating composition was placed in a 50 ml graduated cylinder, and the viscosity at each number of revolutions (6 rpm, 60 rpm) was measured. Rotor: TM4 Measurement temperature: 25 ° C
- the coating compositions of the various examples had a lower viscosity than the coating composition of Comparative Example 1-4 using silica as a matting agent and exhibited good handling properties.
- the viscosity (handling property) of the coating compositions of the examples is comparable to or lower than the viscosity of the coating compositions (Comparative Examples 1-6 to 1-8) using a mixture of silica and barium sulfate as a matting agent.
- the results show a low viscosity (high handling) which is almost the same as a coating composition (Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3, 1-5) using extender pigments (barium sulfate), resin beads, etc. as a matting agent.
- the glossiness of the coating film dried by applying the transparent matte coating composition of the various examples and comparative examples described above was measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999.
- a transparent matte coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m.
- the specular gloss at 20 °, 60 °, and 85 ° was measured using a gloss meter (Haze-Gloss meter manufactured by BYK-Gardner).
- the concealment ratio of the coating film dried by applying the transparent matting coating composition of the above-mentioned various Examples and Comparative Examples was measured according to JIS K5600-4-1: 1999. First, using a 4 mil film applicator, the coating composition was applied onto the concealment rate test paper so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After drying this, Y b value using a spectral colorimeter (Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd. SD5000) and (Y value of black portions) Y w values (Y values of white portion) were measured.
- contrast ratio (Contrast Ratio, hereinafter referred to as CR) was calculated from the Y b value and the Y w value according to the following formula.
- C. R. (%) Y b value / Y w value ⁇ 100
- the coating films of the transparent matte coating compositions of the various examples are Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 (a matting agent for barium sulfate), Comparative Example 1-5 (a matting agent for resin beads), and Comparative Example 1 Compared with the coating film of transparent matte paint composition of -6 to 1-8 (mixed matting agent of barium sulfate and silica), the specular glossiness at 20 ° and 60 ° is small, and the gloss is also suppressed in appearance. And exhibited a sufficient luster suppression effect.
- the low glossiness (matte suppression effect) of these examples is equivalent to Comparative Example 1-4 having a strong matting effect, and is generally called “7 minutes gloss”, “5 minutes gloss”, or “3 minutes gloss”.
- the gloss was suppressed to an extent called “matte (60 ° specular gloss is 5% or less)”. Further, in the coating films of the transparent matte coating compositions of Examples 1-1 to 1-3, the specular gloss at 85 ° was suppressed to 10% or less, and so-called bottom gloss was sufficiently suppressed. . Furthermore, the concealment rate of the coating film of the transparent matte coating composition of the example was almost the same as that of the comparative example, and a low concealment rate was maintained.
- Such a transparent matte paint composition is suitable as a matte paint composition for a top coat to be coated from above the colored base layer, since it does not inhibit the color development of the base layer even when painted on the colored base layer. is there.
- the specular gloss values (20 °, 60 °, 85 °) in Table 1-5 and the impression of the actual coating appearance (gloss unevenness) are generally inconsistent with each other.
- the gloss unevenness of the coating film tended to be large.
- the coating film of Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 containing barium sulfate alone showed a noticeable uneven gloss.
- the coating films of Examples 1-1 to 1-4 show no gloss unevenness, and the gloss is uniformly reduced everywhere in the coating film. It could be confirmed.
- the coefficient of friction was measured to quantify the tactile sensation of the coating film as objective data.
- the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m.
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- a friction tester manufactured by Kato Tech, KES-SE.
- MMD variation in average friction coefficient
- Table 1-6 shows the touch feeling when the coating film is actually touched with a finger, in addition to the MMD value described above, in three stages ( ⁇ : smooth, ⁇ : feels rough, ⁇ : rough) Is large)
- the coating films of the coating compositions of various examples were all compared with the coating films of comparative examples (Comparative Examples 1-1 to 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-6 to 1-8) containing extender pigments (barium sulfate).
- the tactile feeling was good (smooth).
- the degree of smoothness is generally the same as or higher than that having a smooth coating feeling such as a coating containing silica or resin beads as a matting agent (Comparative Examples 1-4, 1-5). there were.
- the coating composition containing the composite pigment of this example and the coating film have low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) while maintaining good handling properties, and have a good coating texture. It is excellent in that it can be realized.
- Example 2-1 129 g of titanium dioxide pigment (Ishihara Sangyo, average primary particle size: 0.24 ⁇ m) and 82.8 g of sedimentary (synthetic) calcium carbonate (Brillant-1500 made from extender calcium Shiraishi, average primary particle size: 0.15 ⁇ m) was dispersed in 819.6 g of pure water. To this solution, 116.4 g of No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) was added and mixed to prepare a sodium silicate solution containing a titanium dioxide pigment and calcium carbonate.
- This solution was put into a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. while stirring. While maintaining the liquid temperature at 75 ° C., 1.8% by mass of sulfuric acid was added over 3 hours using a microtube pump (MP-2001, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.), and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 7.0-7. It was set to 5. Thereafter, by aging for 1 hour, a composite pigment of titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate using silica as a binder in the solution was obtained. Furthermore, no. The solution was filtered using two filter papers, the solid matter remaining on the filter papers was washed with water, and filtered again to obtain the wet cake of the composite pigment.
- MP-2001 manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.
- the obtained wet cake was heat-dried for 16 hours with a dryer set at 120 ° C.
- the dry powder of the composite pigment thus obtained was dry pulverized using a pulverizer (Stud Mill 63Z manufactured by Hadano Sangyo), and then classified using a classifier (TC-15M manufactured by Hosokawa Micron) (rotation speed: 3600 rpm, Air volume: 1.5 m 3 / min) to obtain a composite pigment.
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-1 is shown in FIG. 6, and an enlarged view of FIG. 6 is shown in FIG. Further, FIG. 32 shows a further high magnification enlarged view of FIG.
- Example 2-2 A composite pigment of titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate using silica as a binder was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 2-1, except that the amount of calcium carbonate used was changed to 165.6 g in Example 2-1. .
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-2 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2-3 A composite pigment of titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate using silica as a binder was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 2-1, except that the amount of calcium carbonate used was changed to 41.4 g in Example 2-1. .
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-3 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2-4 The same procedure as in Example 2-1 except that the amount of pure water used in Example 2-1 was changed to 733.7 g and the amount of No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) was changed to 232.8 g. Thus, a composite pigment of titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate using silica as a binder was obtained. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-4 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2-5 After obtaining a composite pigment of silica / titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate in the solution by the same procedure as in Example 2-1, the aluminate was added to the solution using a microtube pump (MP-2001, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.). 21.8 ml of an aqueous sodium solution (300 g / L) was added. At this time, sulfuric acid was added simultaneously to maintain the pH of the solution at 7.0 to 7.5. Thereafter, the mixture was aged for 30 minutes to obtain a composite pigment of silica, titanium dioxide and calcium carbonate having an alumina coating layer formed on the surface thereof in the solution. Furthermore, no.
- the solution was filtered using two filter papers, the solid matter remaining on the filter paper was washed with water, and filtered again to obtain the wet cake of the composite pigment.
- the obtained cake was heat-dried for 16 hours with a dryer set at 120 ° C.
- This dry powder is dry pulverized using a pulverizer (Stud Mill 63Z manufactured by Hadano Sangyo), and then classified using a classifier (TC-15M manufactured by Hosokawa Micron) (rotation speed: 3600 rpm, air volume: 1.5 m 3 / To obtain a composite pigment.
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-5 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2-6 5 g of the composite pigment obtained in Example 2-1, 195 g of toluene (manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Inc.) and 50 g of silicone resin (KR-251 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were placed in a reaction vessel and stirred for 10 minutes with a paint shaker. After the stirring, the mixture was treated for 5 minutes with a high-speed cooling centrifuge (CR21GII, rotational speed: 7500 rpm, manufactured by Hitachi), the separated toluene was removed, and heat drying was performed for 16 hours with a dryer set at 120 ° C. Thus, a composite pigment of silica / titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate whose surface was coated with a silicone resin was obtained. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 2-6 is shown in FIG.
- Example 2-1 was the same as Example 2-1 except that 138.4 g of barium sulfate (external pigment, TS-2 manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industries, average primary particle size: 0.31 ⁇ m) was used instead of calcium carbonate.
- barium sulfate external pigment, TS-2 manufactured by Takehara Chemical Industries, average primary particle size: 0.31 ⁇ m
- Measurement was performed using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (LA-910, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). Specifically, an aqueous solution in which 0.3% by mass of sodium hexametaphosphate is dissolved is used as a dispersion medium, each sample is mixed therein, and irradiated with ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes while circulating and stirring in the apparatus. After dispersion and adjustment so that the transmittance by laser light was 73 ⁇ 3%, the particle size distribution was measured on a volume basis. At this time, the relative refractive index was fixed at 2.00-0.00i, and the number of uptakes was 10. When the particle size distribution is expressed as a cumulative distribution, the particle diameter at 50% cumulative is defined as the median diameter D50, and the particle diameter at 90% cumulative is defined as the cumulative 90% diameter D90.
- Pigment test method Measured according to JIS-K5101-13-1: 2004. Specifically, 5 g of a sample was taken on a smooth glass plate, and oil was dropped from the burette on the boiled rice, and the whole was kneaded with a palette knife each time. Dropping and kneading were repeated, and the end point was the point at which it could be wound into a spiral shape using a pallet knife. The amount of oil absorbed by each sample was divided by the mass of each sample to calculate the amount of oil absorbed. In the present invention, the oil absorption is expressed in ml / 100 g.
- composition of each sample component was measured using a fluorescent X-ray analyzer (RIX-2100 manufactured by Rigaku). Specifically, the measurement was performed using a sample prepared by packing a sample in an aluminum ring and press-molding the sample with a hydraulic press.
- Table 2-1 the composition (mass ratio) of titanium oxide, calcium carbonate (or barium sulfate), and silica contained in the composite pigment was calculated based on the measurement results. Specifically, the titanium oxide was converted to TiO 2 , the calcium carbonate was converted to CaCO 3 , the barium sulfate was converted to BaSO 4 , and the silica was converted to SiO 2 .
- Coating compositions were prepared using the composite pigments of Examples 2-1 to 2-5 and Example 2-7 and the mixed powder of Comparative Example 2-1. Specifically, the raw materials listed in Table 2-2 below were stirred for 5 minutes using a disperser (TK Robotics, Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd., rotation speed: 3000 rpm), and then mixed with a hybrid mixer (Keyence). The coating composition was obtained by defoaming with HM-500).
- the coating composition thus obtained had a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 40% and a solid content volume concentration (SVC) of 36.4%.
- PVC pigment volume concentration
- SVC solid content volume concentration
- a matte paint composition was prepared by adding a commercially available matting agent (Silicia 276, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.) to a commercially available gloss emulsion paint (aqueous silicone cera UV manufactured by Nippon Paint). The addition amount of the matting agent was 5% by mass with respect to the gloss emulsion paint.
- the gloss rate of the coating film dried by applying the coating compositions of various Examples and Comparative Examples described above was measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999. First, the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After drying this, the specular gloss at 20 ° and 60 ° was measured using a gloss meter (Haze-Gloss meter manufactured by BYK-Gardner).
- the film strength of the coating film dried by applying the coating compositions of the above-mentioned various Examples and Comparative Examples was measured according to JIS K5600-5-4: 1999. First, the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After drying this, a scratch hardness test was carried out using a wooden drawing pencil (Mitsubishi Pencil Uni).
- the coating film of the coating composition of each example has a smaller specular gloss rate of 20 ° and 60 ° than the coating film of the coating composition of Comparative Example 2-1 and Comparative Example 2-3, and is visually glossy. Was suppressed, and a sufficient luster suppression effect was exhibited.
- the low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) of these examples is equivalent to that of Comparative Example 2-2, and is generally limited to the level of gloss suppression called “7-minute gloss”, “5-minute gloss”, and “3-minute gloss”. The gloss was suppressed to such an extent that it was called “matte (60 ° specular gloss rate of 5% or less)”.
- the coating film of the coating composition of each example had a C.I. R.
- Example 2-1 The value was obtained, and it showed a practically sufficient hiding power equivalent to the coating compositions of Comparative Examples 2-1 to 2-3.
- the coating film of Example 2-1 was C.I. R.
- the value was large, and a high hiding power was achieved compared to the comparative example.
- the coating film of the coating composition of each Example has sufficient pencil hardness and practically sufficient coating film strength.
- the coating composition of each example has coating film properties (gloss ratio, hiding property, etc.) equal to or higher than those of the comparative example.
- the composite pigments of each example can be dispersed and made into a paint with labor savings simply by adding to a paint resin and mixing it lightly, and have low gloss (matte suppression effect) without adding a matting agent separately.
- a coating film can be prepared.
- the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After drying this, the finger touch test was done about the touch feeling of the coating film. Specifically, 10 evaluators touched the coating film with fingers, and scored the superiority or inferiority of the tactile sensation. The scoring method was scored 2 points for the smoothest tactile sensation, 1 point for the second most tactile sensation, and 0 for the least tactile sensation. The average score of 10 evaluators was used as the tactile evaluation score. The results are shown in Table 2-4. The coating film of the coating composition of Example 2-1 had a better tactile result than those of Comparative Examples 2-2 and 2-3.
- Example 3-1 Disperse 129 g of titanium dioxide (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo, average primary particle size: 0.24 ⁇ m) in 819.6 g of pure water, add 116.4 g of No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution), and mix to make silicic acid.
- a titanium dioxide slurry containing sodium was prepared.
- the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of the sodium silicate volume Va (in terms of SiO 2 ) and the titanium dioxide volume Vb of this slurry was 0.5, and the solid content concentration was 175 g / L.
- This solution was put into a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. while stirring. While maintaining the liquid temperature at 75 ° C., 2.0% by mass of sulfuric acid was added over 3 hours using a micro tube pump (MP-2001, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.), and the pH of the solution was adjusted to 7.0 to 7. It was set to 5. Thereafter, aging was performed for 1 hour to obtain an aggregate of titanium dioxide containing silica as a binder in the solution. Furthermore, no. The solution was filtered using two filter papers, and the solid matter remaining on the filter paper was washed with water and filtered again to obtain the wet cake of the aggregate.
- MP-2001 manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.
- the obtained wet cake was heat-dried for 16 hours with a dryer set at 120 ° C.
- the dry powder of the assembly thus obtained was dry-pulverized using a pulverizer (Stud Mill 63Z manufactured by Hadano Sangyo), and then classified using a classifier (TC-15M manufactured by Hosokawa Micron) (rotation speed: 3600 rpm, Air volume: 1.5 m 3 / min) to obtain a composite pigment in which titanium dioxide was fixed with silica.
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-1 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-2 In Example 3-1, the amount of silica source added was increased. Specifically, by changing the amount of pure water used to 923.4 g and the amount of No. 3 water glass added to 232.8 g, the volume ratio of sodium silicate (in terms of SiO 2 ) to titanium dioxide (Va / Vb) was 1, and a slurry having a solid content concentration of 175 g / L (same as in Example 3-1) was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment in which titanium dioxide was fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-2 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-3 the solid content concentration of the titanium dioxide slurry containing sodium silicate was increased. Specifically, by changing the amount of pure water used to 457.0 g, the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of sodium silicate (SiO 2 equivalent) to titanium dioxide was 0.5 (Example 3-1). And a slurry having a solid content concentration of 300 g / L was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment in which titanium dioxide was fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-3 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-4 the solid content concentration of the titanium dioxide slurry containing sodium silicate was lowered. Specifically, by changing the amount of pure water used to 1516.9 g, the volume ratio (Va / Vb) between sodium silicate (SiO 2 equivalent) and titanium dioxide was 0.5 (Example 3-1). And a slurry having a solid content concentration of 100 g / L was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment in which titanium dioxide was fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-4 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-5 In Example 3-1, 129 g of titanium dioxide was changed to 129 g of nickel antimony titanium yellow (TY-50, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.40 ⁇ m), and sodium silicate (in terms of SiO 2 ) and nickel A slurry having a volume ratio (Va / Vb) to antimony titanium yellow of 0.5 (same as Example 3-1) and a solid content concentration of 175 g / L (same as Example 3-1) was prepared. . Otherwise, a composite pigment having nickel antimony titanium yellow fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-5 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-6 In Example 3-1, 129 g of titanium dioxide was changed to 129 g of chrome titanium yellow (TY-300, manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.45 ⁇ m), and sodium silicate (in terms of SiO 2) and chrome titanium yellow A slurry having a volume ratio (Va / Vb) of 0.5 to 0.5 (same as in Example 3-1) and a solid content concentration of 175 g / L (same as in Example 3-1) was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment in which chromium titanium yellow was fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-6 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-7 In Example 3-1 above, 129 g of titanium dioxide was changed to 161.1 g of the valve handle (manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.25 ⁇ m), and the volume of sodium silicate (in terms of SiO 2 ) and the valve handle was changed. A slurry having a ratio (Va / Vb) of 0.5 (same as in Example 3-1) and a solid content concentration of 210 g / L was prepared. Other than that was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1, to obtain a composite pigment having a dial fixed with silica. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-7 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-8 In Example 3-1, 129 g of titanium dioxide was changed to 72.2 g of ultramarine blue (Daiichi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.2 ⁇ m), and the volume of sodium silicate (SiO 2 equivalent) and ultramarine blue A slurry having a ratio (Va / Vb) of 0.5 (same as in Example 3-1) and a solid content concentration of 110 g / L was prepared. Otherwise, a composite pigment in which ultramarine blue was fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-8 is shown in FIG.
- Example 3-9 129 g of titanium dioxide was changed to 159.8 g of iron-chromium composite oxide (manufactured by Shepherd Color Japan Inc., average primary particle size: 0.4 ⁇ m), and sodium silicate (SiO 2 equivalent) A slurry was prepared in which the mass ratio (Va / Vb) of iron to chromium complex oxide was 0.5 (same as in Example 3-1) and the solid content concentration was 210 g / L. Except for this, a composite pigment having an iron-chromium composite oxide fixed with silica was obtained in the same procedure as in Example 3-1. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 3-9 is shown in FIG.
- a titanium dioxide pigment was produced as follows.
- a slurry (slurry concentration: 350 g / L) of titanium dioxide manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.24 ⁇ m) was prepared, and the temperature was raised to 70 ° C. while stirring, and then pH was adjusted with sulfuric acid diluted to 35%. Was adjusted to 4.0. While maintaining the pH at 4.0 by adding dilute sulfuric acid, 36.2 g of No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) was added (8% as SiO 2 based on the mass of titanium dioxide) and aged for 30 minutes.
- Example 3-1 the amount of silica source added was reduced. Specifically, the use amount of pure water was changed to 761.1 g, the use amount of No. 3 water glass was changed to 58.2 g, and the volume ratio (Va / Vb) of sodium silicate to titanium dioxide was set to be 0.00. A slurry having a solid content concentration of 175 g / L (same as Example 3-1) was prepared. Otherwise in the same manner as in Example 3-1, the pigment of Comparative Example 3-2 was obtained. An electron micrograph of the pigment of Comparative Example 3-2 is shown in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 25, in the sample of Comparative Example 3-2, as compared with the composite pigments of various Examples, the compounding with silica was not advanced so much and there were many relatively small particles.
- particle size distribution measurement of D90
- the particle size distribution was measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (LA-910, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). Specifically, an aqueous solution in which 0.3% by mass of sodium hexametaphosphate is dissolved is used as a dispersion medium, each sample is mixed therein, and irradiated with ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes while circulating and stirring in the apparatus. After dispersion and adjustment so that the transmittance by laser light was 73 ⁇ 3%, the particle size distribution was measured on a volume basis.
- Example 3-1 the relative refractive indexes are 2.00 to 0.00i in Examples 3-1 to 3-3, Example 3-6, Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2, and 2.17 in Example 3-4.
- -0.00i Example 3-5 was set to 1.18-0.00i, and the number of captures was 10. From the particle size distribution data thus obtained, the ratio of particles of a predetermined size in the entire sample (ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more, ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more, ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more) Each was calculated. In addition, when the particle size distribution is expressed as a cumulative distribution, the particle size at 90% cumulative is taken as 90% cumulative D90.
- FIG. 26 shows a volume cumulative particle size distribution diagram of Example 3-1 as a representative of various examples.
- the composite pigments of various examples had a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus, and the presence ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more was 50% or more of the total. there were.
- the abundance ratio of particles having a particle size of 2 ⁇ m or more in the volume particle size distribution was 30% or more of the whole.
- the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more in the volume cumulative distribution was 20% or more of the total.
- the pigments of Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2 only about 20 to 30% of the particles had a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more, and most of the particles had a particle diameter of less than 1 ⁇ m.
- a coating composition was prepared using the samples of Examples 3-1 to 3-9 and Comparative Examples 3-1 and 3-2. Specifically, the raw materials shown in Table 3-2 below were stirred for 5 minutes using a disperser (TK Robotics, Special Machine Industries, Ltd., rotation speed: 3000 rpm), and then mixed with a hybrid mixer (Keyence). The coating composition was obtained by defoaming with HM-500).
- TK Robotics Special Machine Industries, Ltd., rotation speed: 3000 rpm
- the coating composition thus obtained had a pigment volume concentration (PVC) of 40% and a solid content volume concentration (SVC) of 36.4%.
- PVC pigment volume concentration
- SVC solid content volume concentration
- 70 g of titanium dioxide pigment, 46.6 g of acrylic resin (manufactured by DIC, Acrydic A-141) and xylene are used in accordance with the formulation described in JP-A-09-25429.
- a matte paint composition was prepared by adding a commercially available matting agent (Silicia 276, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.) to a commercially available gloss emulsion paint (aqueous silicone cera UV manufactured by Nippon Paint). The addition amount of the matting agent was 5% by mass with respect to the gloss emulsion paint.
- the glossiness of the coating film dried by applying the coating compositions of the various Examples and Comparative Examples described above was measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999. First, the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After drying, the specular gloss at 20 °, 60 °, and 85 ° was measured using a gloss meter (Haze-Gloss meter manufactured by BYK-Gardner).
- the coating compositions of the coating compositions of the various examples had a specular gloss of 20 ° and 60 ° compared to the coating compositions of the coating compositions of Comparative Examples 3-1, 3-2, 3-4, and 3-5. It is small and gloss is suppressed, and it exhibits a sufficient luster suppression effect.
- the low glossiness (loss suppression effect) of these examples is equivalent to that of Comparative Example 3-3 having a strong matting effect, and is generally called “7 minutes gloss”, “5 minutes gloss”, or “3 minutes gloss”.
- the gloss was suppressed to an extent called “matte (60 ° specular gloss is 5% or less)”.
- the specular gloss at 20 ° and 60 ° is sufficiently small, and the specular gloss at 85 ° is 40% or less, so-called bottom gloss. was also sufficiently suppressed.
- the specular gloss at 85 ° was suppressed to 30% or less. 2.
- the specular gloss at 85 ° was suppressed to 10% or less.
- the concealment rate of the coating film of an Example was substantially the same as the thing of a comparative example, and it confirmed that it had sufficient concealment property.
- the coefficient of friction was measured to quantify the tactile sensation of the coating film as objective data.
- the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m.
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- a friction tester manufactured by Kato Tech, KES-SE.
- MMD variation in average friction coefficient
- Table 3-4 the touch feeling when the coating film is actually touched with a finger is shown in three stages ( ⁇ : very smooth, ⁇ : smooth, ⁇ : rough) is there)
- the coating films of the coating compositions of the various examples all had a smaller MMD (variation in average friction coefficient) value than the coating composition of the coating composition of Comparative Example 3-3.
- MMD variation in average friction coefficient
- the tactile sensation of various examples is good (very smooth or smooth) and has a smooth coating tactile feeling. It was equal to or more than a typical gloss paint (Comparative Example 3-4).
- the coating composition containing the composite pigment of this example and the coating film have low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) and can maintain a good coating texture. Are better.
- Example 4-1 A mixture of titanium dioxide hydrate and zinc oxide (0.8% by mass with respect to titanium dioxide) as a firing treatment agent was fired to obtain a titanium dioxide pigment.
- the average primary particle diameter of this titanium dioxide pigment was 0.24 ⁇ m.
- 129 g of this titanium dioxide pigment and 82.8 g of precipitating (synthetic) calcium carbonate (Brillant-1500 made by extender calcium Shiraishi, average primary particle size: 0.15 ⁇ m) were dispersed in pure water, and No. 3 was added to this solution.
- the dry powder of the composite pigment thus obtained was dry pulverized using a pulverizer (Stud Mill 63Z manufactured by Hadano Sangyo), and then classified using a classifier (TC-15M manufactured by Hosokawa Micron) (rotation speed: 3600 rpm, Air volume: 1.5 m 3 / min) to obtain a composite pigment.
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 4-1 is shown in FIG. The enlarged view is shown in FIG.
- Example 4-2 To 430 g of pure water, 3.8 g of zinc sulfate heptahydrate was added and dissolved. To this solution, 129 g of a titanium dioxide pigment (manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.24 ⁇ m) was added to prepare a titanium dioxide dispersion (solid content concentration: 300 g / L) containing zinc sulfate heptahydrate. This dispersion was put into a reaction vessel equipped with a stirrer and a thermometer, and the temperature was raised to 75 ° C. while stirring.
- a titanium dioxide pigment manufactured by Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., average primary particle size: 0.24 ⁇ m
- caustic soda sodium hydroxide
- 5.0 mass% was added over 1 hour using a micro tube pump (MP-2001, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.), and the pH of the solution was set to 8.0 to 8.5. Thereafter, the mixture was aged for 1 hour to obtain a titanium dioxide pigment whose surface was coated with zinc oxide in the solution. Further, sedimentation (synthetic) calcium carbonate (external pigment: Brilliant-1500 made by calcium Shiraishi, average primary particle size: 0.15 ⁇ m) 82.8 g, pure water 314.2 g, No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) 116.
- a sodium silicate solution (solid content concentration 255 g / L) containing a titanium dioxide pigment and calcium carbonate. While maintaining the liquid temperature of this solution at 75 ° C., 2.0% by mass of sulfuric acid was added over 3 hours using a microtube pump (MP-2001, manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.) to adjust the pH of the solution to 7.0. It was set to 7.5. Thereafter, by aging for 1 hour, a composite pigment of titanium dioxide / calcium carbonate using silica as a binder in the solution was obtained. Furthermore, no. The solution was filtered using two filter papers, the solid matter remaining on the filter paper was washed with water, and filtered again to obtain the wet cake of the composite pigment.
- MP-2001 manufactured by Tokyo Rika Kikai Co., Ltd.
- the obtained wet cake was heat-dried for 16 hours with a dryer set at 120 ° C.
- the dry powder of the composite pigment thus obtained was dry pulverized using a pulverizer (Stud Mill 63Z manufactured by Hadano Sangyo), and then classified using a classifier (TC-15M manufactured by Hosokawa Micron) (rotation speed: 3600 rpm, Air volume: 1.5 m 3 / min) to obtain a composite pigment.
- An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 4-2 is shown in FIG.
- Example 4-3 Based on the production method of Example 4-1, a composite pigment containing no extender pigment (calcium carbonate) was prepared. That is, 129 g of the titanium dioxide pigment obtained by the firing treatment is dispersed in pure water, and 116.4 g of No. 3 water glass (sodium silicate aqueous solution) is added to this solution and mixed to obtain a silica containing the titanium dioxide pigment. A sodium acid solution (solid concentration: 175 g / L) was prepared. Otherwise in the same manner as in Example 4-1, a composite pigment of titanium dioxide using silica as a binder was obtained. An electron micrograph of the composite pigment of Example 4-3 is shown in FIG. FIG. 33 shows a high magnification enlarged view of FIG.
- the particle size distribution was measured using a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer (LA-910, manufactured by Horiba, Ltd.). Specifically, an aqueous solution in which 0.3% by mass of sodium hexametaphosphate is dissolved is used as a dispersion medium, each sample is mixed therein, and irradiated with ultrasonic waves for 3 minutes while circulating and stirring in the apparatus. After dispersion and adjustment so that the transmittance by laser light was 73 ⁇ 3%, the particle size distribution was measured on a volume basis. The relative refractive index was set to 2.00-0.00i, and the number of uptakes was 10.
- the particle diameter at a cumulative 50% is defined as a median diameter D50
- the particle diameter at a cumulative 90% is defined as D90.
- the values of D50 and D90 for each sample are shown in Table 4-1.
- the ratio of particles of a predetermined size occupying the entire sample ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more, ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more, ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more
- FIG. 31 shows a volume cumulative particle size distribution diagram of Example 4-1 as a representative of various examples.
- the composite pigment of this example has a volume cumulative distribution measured with a laser diffraction / scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus, and the ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more was 70% or more of the total. . Further, in the volume cumulative distribution, the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more was 20% or more (preferably 40% or more) of the whole.
- Coating compositions were prepared using samples of various examples.
- the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the coating composition was set to 40%, and the solid content volume concentration (SVC): 36.4%.
- the raw materials listed in Table 4-3 below were stirred for 5 minutes using a disperser (TK Robotics, Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd., rotation speed: 3000 rpm), and then mixed with a hybrid mixer (Keyence).
- the coating composition was obtained by defoaming with HM-500).
- the coating compositions prepared by the above-described methods using the samples of Examples 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3 are referred to as Examples 4-1, 4-2, and 4-3, respectively. It shall be handled as a coating composition.
- Viscosity of the coating compositions of various examples was measured using a Brookfield B-type rotational viscometer (TVB-10 type viscometer manufactured by Toki Sangyo Co., Ltd.) The measurement results are shown in Table 4-4. The measurement was performed under the following conditions. The coating composition was placed in a 50 ml graduated cylinder, and the viscosity at each number of revolutions (6 rpm, 60 rpm) was measured. Rotor: TM4 Measurement temperature: 25 ° C
- Comparative Example 4-1 A commercially available matte paint composition (Eco Flat 60 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) was prepared.
- a matte paint composition was prepared by adding a commercially available matting agent (Silicia 276, manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Co., Ltd.) to a commercially available gloss emulsion paint (aqueous silicone cera UV manufactured by Nippon Paint). The addition amount of the matting agent was 5% by mass with respect to the gloss emulsion paint.
- the glossiness of the coating film dried by applying the coating compositions of the various Examples and Comparative Examples described above was measured according to JIS K5600-4-7: 1999. First, the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m. After drying, the specular gloss at 20 °, 60 °, and 85 ° was measured using a gloss meter (Haze-Gloss meter manufactured by BYK-Gardner).
- the coating compositions of the coating compositions of the various examples have a smaller specular gloss of 20 ° and 60 ° compared to the coating compositions of the coating compositions of Comparative Examples 4-2 and 4-3, and are less glossy to the eye. And exhibited a sufficient luster suppression effect.
- the low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) of these examples is not limited to the gloss suppression generally called “7-minute gloss”, “5-minute gloss”, or “3-minute gloss”, but “matte (60 ° mirror surface) The gloss was suppressed to such an extent that the glossiness was 5% or less).
- the specular gloss at 20 ° and 60 ° is sufficiently small, and the specular gloss at 85 ° is 10% or less, so-called bottom gloss.
- the concealment rate of the coating film of an Example was substantially the same as the thing of a comparative example, and it confirmed that it had sufficient concealment property.
- the coating compositions of the examples not only the specular gloss of 20 ° and 60 ° but also the specular gloss of 85 ° were highly suppressed.
- the degree of gloss suppression was equivalent to that of Comparative Example 4-1 (commercially available flat emulsion paint) having a high matting effect.
- the coating material of Comparative Example 4-1 requires strong dispersion of the pigment component as a premise for exhibiting a high matting effect.
- the composite pigments of the examples are excellent in that they can be dispersed and made into paints with labor by simply adding them to paint resin and mixing them lightly.
- the coefficient of friction was measured to quantify the tactile sensation of the coating film as objective data.
- the coating composition was applied on a glass plate using a 4 mil film applicator so that the film thickness was about 40 ⁇ m.
- MMD variation of average friction coefficient
- a friction tester manufactured by Kato Tech, KES-SE.
- MMD variation in average friction coefficient
- Table 4-6 the touch feeling when the coating film is actually touched with a finger is shown in three stages ( ⁇ : very smooth, ⁇ : smooth, ⁇ : rough) is there).
- the coating films of the coating compositions of the various examples all had a smaller MMD (variation of average friction coefficient) value than the coating composition of the coating composition of Comparative Example 4-1. Moreover, the value of MMD and the tactile sensation when actually touching the coating film were generally correlated, and the tactile sensation of various examples was good (smooth).
- the coating composition containing the composite pigment of this example and the coating film can realize a smooth coating feeling while suppressing the gloss to a high degree including the bottom gloss, and good. It is excellent in that it exhibits excellent handling properties.
- the present embodiment is a summary of the above-described first to fourth inventions of the present invention and the comparative examples as appropriate. Specifically, it is as follows. (Various powder properties (particle size distribution, specific surface area, oil absorption) evaluation) Examples 5-1 to 5-4 correspond to the composite pigments of Examples 1-1 to 1-4 in the above-mentioned [Examples of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)], respectively.
- Examples 5-5 to 5-11 in Table 5-2 are examples of the composite pigments of Examples 2-1 to 2-7 in [Examples of the present invention (second invention of the present application)] described above.
- the various powder physical properties (particle size distribution (cumulative 50% and cumulative 90% of each particle diameter (median diameter)), specific surface area, oil absorption, composition) of these examples are the same as those described in [Invention (Application 2).
- Evaluation of powder physical properties (Measurement of median diameter, cumulative 90% diameter), (Measurement of specific surface area), (Measurement of oil absorption), (Measurement of composition of composite pigment, etc.) Specifically, it is as shown in Table 2-1.
- Comparative Example 2-1 in Table 2-1 was taken as Comparative Example 5-9.
- Examples 5-12 and 5-13 correspond to the composite pigments of Examples 4-1 and 4-2 in the above-mentioned [Examples of the present invention (the fourth invention of the present application)], respectively. Therefore, various powder physical properties (particle size distribution (50% cumulative and 90% cumulative particle diameter (median diameter)) of these examples are the same as those in [Examples of the present invention (the fourth invention of the present application)] described above. Evaluation of physical properties) and (measurement of particle size distribution), and specifically, as shown in Table 4-1.
- Table 5-3 shows the above-mentioned [Example of the present invention (second invention of the present application)] and [Invention (fourth of the present application) for Examples 5-5 to 5-9 and 5-11 to 5-13.
- the ratio of particles of a predetermined size occupying the entire sample ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 1 ⁇ m or more, particle diameter of 2 ⁇ m or more, based on the particle size distribution data determined according to (Measurement of particle size distribution) in Example of Invention
- the ratio of those having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more is calculated, and the results are summarized.
- Example 5-12 and 5-13 are shown as Examples 4-1 and 4-2, respectively, in Table 4-2 of [Examples of the present invention (the fourth invention of the present application)]. ing.
- the volume cumulative particle size distribution diagram of Example 5-12 is FIG. 31 showing the volume cumulative particle size distribution diagram of Example 4-1 corresponding to this example.
- the composite pigments of Examples 5-12 and 5-13 are cumulative volume distributions measured with a laser diffraction / scattering particle size distribution analyzer.
- the abundance ratio of particles having a particle size of 2 ⁇ m or more was 70% or more of the total.
- the abundance ratio of the composite pigment having a particle diameter of 5 ⁇ m or more was 20% or more (preferably 40% or more) of the whole.
- the coating compositions of the various examples had a lower viscosity than the coating composition of Comparative Example 5-4 using silica as a matting agent and exhibited good handling properties.
- the viscosity (handling property) of the coating compositions of the examples is comparable to or lower than the viscosity of the coating compositions (Comparative Examples 5-6 to 5-8) using a mixture of silica and barium sulfate as a matting agent.
- the results show a low viscosity (high handling) almost the same as a coating composition (Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3, 5-5) using extender pigments (barium sulfate), resin beads, etc. as a matting agent. Some have realized the characteristics.
- Tables 5-8 and 5-9 summarize the results of the physical properties evaluation of the coating compositions of various Examples and Comparative Examples.
- the measurement method of various physical properties of the coating film is described in (Evaluation of physical properties of coating film), (Measurement of glossiness), and (Measurement of concealment ratio) in [Examples of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)] described above. Measured as shown. Therefore, Examples 5-1 to 5-4 and Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-8 in Table 5-8 are Examples 1-1 to 1-4 and Comparative Example 1-1 of Table 1-4, respectively. 1-8. In addition, in each Example and Comparative Example of Table 5-9, the measurement result of the coating film strength is also shown.
- Comparative Example 5-12 is a commercially available gloss emulsion paint (Aqueous Silicon Cera UV manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) and a commercially available matting agent (Silicia 276 manufactured by Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd., added in an amount of 5% by mass with respect to the gloss emulsion paint).
- the results of using a matte paint composition prepared by adding the coating strength of the coating film strength of Comparative Examples 5-10 and 5-11 are shown in the above [Invention (second invention of the present application)].
- the glossiness (20 °, 60 °, 85 °) and concealment rate of Comparative Examples 5-10 to 5-12 are shown in Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-3 in Table 2-3 of Examples.
- (Yb, Yw, CR) Are respectively shown in Table 4-5 Comparative Example 4-1 to 4-3 in the above [Inventive example (fourth aspect of the present invention) is.
- the coating films of the transparent matte coating compositions of Examples 5-1 to 5-4 are Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3 (barium sulfate matting agent) and Comparative Examples. Compared with the coating film of the transparent matting coating composition of 5-5 (matting agent for resin beads) and Comparative Examples 5-6 to 5-8 (mixed matting agent of barium sulfate and silica), 20 °, The specular gloss at 60 ° was small, and the gloss was suppressed visually, and a sufficient luster suppression effect was exhibited. The low glossiness (loss suppression effect) of these examples is equivalent to that of Comparative Example 5-4 having a strong matting effect, and is generally called “7 minutes gloss”, “5 minutes gloss”, or “3 minutes gloss”.
- the gloss was suppressed to an extent called “matte (60 ° specular gloss is 5% or less)”. Further, in the coating films of the transparent matte coating compositions of Examples 5-1 to 5-3, the specular gloss at 85 ° was suppressed to 10% or less, and so-called bottom gloss was sufficiently suppressed. . Furthermore, the concealment rate of the coating film of the transparent matte coating composition of the example was almost the same as that of the comparative example, and a low concealment rate was maintained.
- Such a transparent matte paint composition is suitable as a matte paint composition for a top coat to be coated from above the colored base layer, since it does not inhibit the color development of the base layer even when painted on the colored base layer. is there. These are as described above in (Measurement of concealment ratio) in [Example of the present invention (the first invention of the present application)].
- the coating compositions of Examples 5-5 to 5-13 were 20 ° compared to the coating compositions of Comparative Examples 5-9, 5-11, and 5-12.
- the specular gloss at 60 ° was small, the gloss was suppressed visually, and a sufficient gloss suppression effect was exhibited.
- the low glossiness (matte suppression effect) of these examples is equivalent to Comparative Example 5-10 (commercially available flat emulsion paint) having a high matting effect.
- Comparative Example 5-10 commercially available flat emulsion paint
- the gloss was not limited to the degree of gloss suppression called “3-minute gloss”, but to the level of “matte (60 ° specular gloss rate of 5% or less)”.
- the specular gloss at 20 ° and 60 ° was sufficiently small, and the specular gloss at 85 ° was 10% or less.
- the so-called bottom gloss was also highly suppressed.
- the coating films of the coating compositions of Examples 5-5 to 5-13 exhibited practically sufficient hiding power comparable to the coating compositions of Comparative Examples 5-9 to 5-12.
- the coating film of Example 5-1 was C.I. R. The value was large, and a high hiding power was achieved compared to the comparative example. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the coating film of the coating composition of each Example has sufficient pencil hardness and practically sufficient coating film strength.
- the coating compositions of Examples 5-5 to 5-13 have coating film properties (gloss rate, concealment properties, etc.) equal to or higher than those of the comparative examples, and mirror surfaces of 20 ° and 60 °.
- the glossiness was also highly suppressed to the same extent as in Comparative Example 5-10.
- the paint of Comparative Example 5-10 requires strong dispersion of the pigment component on the premise that a high matting effect is exhibited.
- the composite pigments of each example can be dispersed and painted with labor by simply adding it to paint resin and mixing it lightly. It is excellent at the point which can prepare the coating film which has).
- the coating films of the coating compositions of Examples 5-1 to 5-4 are all comparative coating films (Comparative Examples 5-1 to 5-3 and Comparative Examples 5-6 to 5-6) containing extender pigment (barium sulfate). Compared with 5-8), the tactile sensation was good (smooth). The degree of smoothness is about the same as or higher than that of a film having a smooth coating feel, such as a coating film containing silica or resin beads as a matting agent (Comparative Examples 5-4 and 5-5). there were.
- the coating composition containing the composite pigment of this example and the coating film have low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) while maintaining good handling properties, and have a good coating texture. It is excellent in that it can be realized.
- the coating films of the coating compositions of Examples 5-5 and 5-11 to 5-13 all had MMD (variation in average friction coefficient) compared to the coating composition of the coating composition of Comparative Example 5-11. The value was small. Moreover, the value of MMD and the tactile sensation when actually touching the coating film were generally correlated, and the tactile sensation of various examples was good (smooth). These are as described in the above-mentioned [Evaluation of Tactile Feel of Coating Film] in [Example of the Present Invention (Fourth Invention of the Present Invention)].
- the coating composition containing the composite pigment of this example and the coating film can realize a smooth coating feeling while suppressing the gloss to a high degree including the bottom gloss, and good. It is excellent in that it exhibits excellent handling properties.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can achieve high handling properties, low glossiness (gloss suppression effect), and good paint film tactile sensation, so it has low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) for building materials and vehicles. It can be suitably used for coatings, matte coatings, and the like.
- the composite pigment of the present invention can suppress the gloss of the coating film by modifying the inorganic color pigment, and can be used for various applications as a low gloss (matte suppression effect) pigment, a matte pigment, and the like. .
- the composite pigment of the present invention is blended into a coating film, it is possible to achieve both a low gloss and gloss property and a good coating feel, and thus a low gloss (gloss suppression effect) coating film, It can be used for matte coatings.
- the composite pigment of the present invention is suitable as a pigment for use in a coating composition that requires low glossiness (gloss suppression effect) because it can be dispersed and made into a paint with labor savings and can exhibit a high gloss suppression effect.
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Abstract
Description
本発明(本願第1発明)は、体質顔料と無機化合物とを含む複合顔料及びその製造方法、それを含む塗料組成物並びに塗膜に関する。
本発明(本願第2発明)は、酸化チタン顔料を含む複合顔料及びその製造方法、それを含む塗料組成物並びに塗膜に関する。
本発明(本願第3発明及び本願第4発明)は、無機着色顔料を含む複合顔料及びその製造方法、それを含む塗料組成物並びに塗膜に関する。
本発明(本願第5発明)は、体質顔料と無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物とを含む複合顔料及びその製造方法、更に酸化チタン顔料などの無機着色顔料を含む複合顔料及びその製造方法、それらを含む塗料組成物並びに塗膜に関する。
上述の用途のうち、前者(建材など)の用途では、着色の光沢塗料に艶消し剤を添加したもの(着色艶消し塗料)を用いるのが一般的である。これに対して、後者(車両など)の用途では、着色光沢塗料や光輝性塗料などを車両本体に塗装してベース層を形成し、その上から、透明の艶消し塗料を塗装してトップ層を形成することが一般的である。
一方で、シリカの艶消し剤では、これを配合した艶消し塗料の増粘が生じ易い。特に、艶消しの程度を大きくする目的で艶消し剤の配合量を多くすると、塗料の増粘が顕著となり、塗装の作業性(ハンドリング性)が悪化する。これに対して、例えば、特許文献3には、疎水性シリカと無機系の充填剤(炭酸カルシウム、雲母、タルク、クレー等)との混合物を艶消し剤として用いることで、塗料の増粘を抑制する旨が記載されている。
また、艶消し剤と光沢塗料(グロスエマルション塗料)との組み合わせでは、施工現場で艶消し剤を塗料に添加する場合、作業者が艶消し剤を計量し、塗料に撹拌混合する必要があるため、現場作業が煩雑になるという問題があった。更に、こうした煩雑な作業が加わることで、施工不良が生ずる場合があるという問題があった。加えて、艶消し剤は一般に高価であり、塗料のコスト増に繋がるという問題もあった。
このようなことから、上述した従来技術では、艶消し効果を高くしようとすると塗膜の触感が悪化し、塗膜の触感を優先しようとすると艶消し効果が小さくなるというように、艶消し効果と塗膜触感とを両立させることは困難であるという問題がある。
上述の問題は、二酸化チタンのような無機白色顔料を用いる場合に限られず、他の無機系の着色顔料を用いる場合にも起こる。
また、光沢塗料と艶消し剤との組み合わせでは、適度な艶消し効果が得られるものの十分ではないという問題があった。もちろん、艶消し剤の配合量を多くすれば艶消し効果を大きくすることはできるが、それでは塗料の増粘を招いてしまう。高価な艶消し剤を多く配合することで塗料の製造コスト増にも繋がる。
そして、本発明者らは、これらの知見に基づいて、以下のとおり本発明(「本願第1発明」乃至「本願第5発明」)を完成した。
(1-1) 体質顔料を無機化合物で固着した複合顔料、
(1-2) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積50%径(D50)が1~15μmである、(1-1)に記載の複合顔料、
(1-3) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積90%径(D90)が5~30μmである、(1-1)又は(1-2)に記載の複合顔料、
(1-4) JIS K 5101-13-1に記載の方法で測定した吸油量が80(ml/100g)以下である、(1-1)乃至(1-3)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(1-5) 前記体質顔料が硫酸バリウムである、(1-1)乃至(1-4)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(1-6) 前記無機化合物が無機ケイ素化合物である、(1-1)乃至(1-5)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(1-7) (1-1)乃至(1-6)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む、艶消し剤、
(1-8) (1-1)乃至(1-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料又は艶消し剤と樹脂とを少なくとも含む塗料組成物、
(1-9) アミン価を有する分散剤を含む、(1-8)に記載の塗料組成物、
(1-10) 着色材を含む、(1-8)又は(1-9)に記載の塗料組成物、
(1-11) (1-8)乃至(1-10)に記載の塗料組成物であって、着色のベース層の上から塗装される、艶消しトップコート形成用の塗料組成物、
(1-12) (1-8)乃至(1-11)の何れかに記載の塗料組成物を用いて形成した塗膜、
(1-13) 無機化合物源と体質顔料とを含有するスラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物を析出させて前記体質顔料を固着する、複合顔料の製造方法、
(1-14) 前記無機化合物源の無機化合物換算での体積(Va)と前記体質顔料の体積(Vb)との体積比(Va/Vb)が0.1~3となるようにスラリーを調製する、(1-13)に記載の複合顔料の製造方法、
などである。
(2-1) 少なくとも酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料とを、無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物で固着した複合顔料、
(2-2) 少なくとも複数個の酸化チタン顔料と複数個の体質顔料とを、無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物で固着した、(2-1)に記載の複合顔料、
(2-3) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積90%径(D90)が20μm以下である、(2-1)又は(2-2)に記載の複合顔料、
(2-4) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積50%径(D50)が1~10μmである、(2-1)乃至(2-3)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(2-5) 前記体質顔料が炭酸カルシウム及び/又は硫酸バリウムである、(2-1)乃至(2-4)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(2-6) 前記無機化合物が無機ケイ素化合物である(2-1)乃至(2-5)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(2-7) 更に表面処理用無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物を表面に有する、(2-1)乃至(2-6)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(2-8) (2-1)乃至(2-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む艶消し用顔料、
(2-9) (2-1)乃至(2-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む建築物壁面塗装用顔料、
(2-10) (2-1)乃至(2-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む建材塗装用顔料、
(2-11) (2-1)乃至(2-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む自動車塗装用顔料、
(2-12) (2-1)乃至(2-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む家具塗装用顔料、
(2-13) (2-1)乃至(2-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む電気機械製品塗装用顔料、
(2-14) 少なくとも酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料と無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物を含むスラリーを調製し、撹拌下、少なくとも酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料とを無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物で固着する、レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積50%径(D50)が1~10μmであり、累積90%径(D90)が20μm以下である、複合顔料の製造方法、
(2-15) (2-1)乃至(2-13)の何れかに記載の顔料を含む塗料組成物、
(2-16) (2-15)に記載の塗料組成物を用いて形成した塗膜、
などである。
(3-1) 無機着色顔料を無機化合物で固着した複合顔料であって、
レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布において、粒子径が1μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率が全体の50%以上であり、累積90%径(D90)が30μm以下である、複合顔料、
(3-2) 前記体積累積分布において、粒子径が2μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率が全体の30%以上である、(3-1)に記載の複合顔料、
(3-3) 前記複合顔料とアクリル樹脂とを含有する塗料組成物において、JIS-K5600-4-7に記載の方法で鏡面光沢度を測定した場合に、幾何学条件60°での前記鏡面光沢度が5%以下である、(3-1)又は(3-2)に記載の複合顔料、
(3-4) 前記複合顔料とアクリル樹脂とを含有する塗料組成物において、JIS-K5600-4-7に記載の方法で鏡面光沢度を測定した場合に、幾何学条件85°での前記鏡面光沢度が40%以下である、(3-1)乃至(3-3)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(3-5) 前記無機着色顔料が、二酸化チタン、低次酸化チタン、酸窒化チタン、酸化亜鉛、鉛白、カーボンブラック、ボーンブラック、黒鉛、鉄黒、コバルトブラック、鉄-クロム複合酸化物、銅-クロムブラック複合酸化物、Fe-Mn-Biブラック、弁柄、モリブデンレッド、ニッケルアンチモンチタンイエロー、クロムチタンイエロー、黄色酸化鉄、クロムイエロー、群青、紺青、コバルトブルー、コバルトグリーン、クロムグリーン、酸化クロムグリーン、コバルト-アルミ-クロム系グリーン及びコバルト-チタン-ニッケル-亜鉛系グリーンからなる群より選ばれる少なくとも一種である、(3-1)乃至(3-4)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(3-6) 前記無機化合物が無機ケイ素化合物である、(3-1)乃至(3-5)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(3-7) (3-1)乃至(3-6)の何れかに記載の前記複合顔料を含む艶消し用顔料、
(3-8) (3-1)乃至(3-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料と樹脂とを含む塗料組成物、
(3-9) (3-8)に記載の塗料組成物を用いて形成した塗膜、
(3-10) 前記複合顔料とアクリル樹脂とを含有し、JIS-K5600-4-7に記載の方法で鏡面光沢度を測定した場合に、幾何学条件60°での前記鏡面光沢度が5%以下である、(3-9)に記載の塗膜、
(3-11) 前記複合顔料とアクリル樹脂とを含有し、JIS-K5600-4-7に記載の方法で鏡面光沢度を測定した場合に、幾何学条件85°での前記鏡面光沢度が40%以下である、(3-9)又は(3-10)に記載の塗膜、
(3-12) 無機化合物源と、無機着色顔料とを、前記無機化合物源の析出する無機化合物に換算した体積(Va)と前記無機着色顔料の体積(Vb)との体積比(Va/Vb)が0.3~2となるように含有し、且つ、固形分濃度が75~450g/Lであるスラリーを調製し、
前記スラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物の析出によって前記無機着色顔料を固着する、複合顔料の製造方法、
などである。
(4-1) 亜鉛元素を含有した無機着色顔料を無機化合物で固着してなる複合顔料、
(4-2) 前記無機着色顔料と体質顔料とを前記無機化合物で固着してなる、(4-1)に記載の複合顔料、
(4-3) 前記亜鉛元素が少なくとも前記無機着色顔料の表面に存在する、(4-1)又は(4-2)に記載の複合顔料、
(4-4) 前記亜鉛元素は、亜鉛酸化物及び/又は亜鉛水酸化物として存在する、(4-1)乃至(4-3)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(4-5) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布において、粒子径が2μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率が全体の70%以上である、(4-1)乃至(4-4)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(4-6) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積90%径(D90)が30μm以下である、(4-1)乃至(4-5)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(4-7) 前記無機着色顔料が二酸化チタン顔料である、(4-1)乃至(4-6)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(4-8) 前記(4-1)乃至(4-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む艶消し用顔料、
(4-9) 前記(4-1)乃至(4-8)の何れかに記載の前記複合顔料及び/又は前記艶消し用顔料と樹脂とを少なくとも含む塗料組成物、
(4-10) アミン価を有する分散剤を含む、(4-9)に記載の塗料組成物、
(4-11) 前記(4-9)又は(4-10)に記載の塗料組成物を用いて形成した塗膜、
(4-12) 亜鉛元素を含有する無機着色顔料と無機化合物源とを含有するスラリーを調製し、前記スラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物の析出によって前記無機着色顔料を固着する、複合顔料の製造方法、
などである。
(5-1) 無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物と固着している体質顔料粒子を含んでなる、複合顔料、
(5-2) (5-1)に記載の体質顔料粒子の一部を無機着色顔料で置き換えてなる、複合顔料、
(5-3) (5-2)に記載の前記体質顔料粒子と前記無機着色顔料粒子の数が、それぞれ2個以上である、複合顔料、
(5-4) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積90%径(D90)が30μm以下である、(5-2)又は(5-3)に記載の複合顔料、
(5-5) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積50%径(D50)が1μm以上10μm以下である、(5-2)乃至(5-4)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-6) 前記体質顔料が炭酸カルシウム及び/又は硫酸バリウムである、(5-1)乃至(5-5)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-7) 前記無機化合物が無機ケイ素化合物である(5-1)乃至(5-6)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-8) 前記無機着色顔料粒子が亜鉛元素を含有する、(5-2)乃至(5-7)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-9) レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布において、粒子径が2μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率が全体の70%以上である、(5-2)乃至(5-8)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-10) 前記無機着色顔料が二酸化チタン顔料である、(5-2)乃至(5-9)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-11) 更に表面処理用無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物を表面に有する、(5-2)乃至(5-10)の何れかに記載の複合顔料、
(5-12) (5-1)乃至(5-11)の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む艶消し用顔料、
(5-13) 無機化合物源と体質顔料粒子とを含有するスラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物を析出させて前記体質顔料粒子を固着する、複合顔料の製造方法、
(5-14) 無機着色顔料粒子と体質顔料粒子と無機化合物源及び/又は有機化合物を含むスラリーを調製し、撹拌下、前記無機着色顔料粒子と前記体質顔料粒子とを前記無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物で固着する、複合顔料の製造方法、
(5-15) 亜鉛元素を含有する無機着色顔料粒子と体質顔料粒子と無機化合物源とを含有するスラリーを調製し、前記スラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物の析出によって前記無機着色顔料粒子と前記体質顔料粒子とを固着する、複合顔料の製造方法、
(5-16) (5-1)乃至(5-11)の何れかに記載の複合顔料及び/又は(5-12)に記載の艶消し用顔料と樹脂とを含む塗料組成物、
(5-17) アミン価を有する分散剤を含む、(5-16)に記載の塗料組成物、
(5-18) (5-16)又は(5-17)に記載の塗料組成物を含んでなる塗膜、
などである。
また、本願第1発明の複合顔料は、上述のように、高い艶抑制効果を発現することが可能でありながら、これを配合した塗料の増粘を十分に抑制することができ、ハンドリング性の良好な塗料組成物を実現することができる。
また、本願第1発明の複合顔料は、塗膜触感には不利に作用する体質顔料を含有しているにも関わらず、塗膜の触感を滑らかにすることができる。
以上のように、本発明の複合顔料は、従来の艶消し剤では実現が困難であった、高い艶抑制効果、良好なハンドリング性、及び良好な塗膜触感の全てを実現できる点において、優れている。
具体的には、一般に「7分艶(JIS K5600-4-7:1999に準拠して測定した60°の鏡面光沢率が55~65%)」や「5分艶」、「3分艶」と呼ばれる艶の抑制程度にとどまらず、「艶消し(60°の鏡面光沢率が5%以下)」と呼ばれる程度にまで艶を抑制することができる。
上述した従来技術では、艶消し効果を高くしようとすると塗膜の触感が悪化し、塗膜の触感を優先しようとすると艶消し効果が小さくなるというように、艶消し効果と塗膜触感とを両立させることは困難であった。本発明の複合顔料は、高い艶消し効果と良好な塗膜の触感とを両立させることができる点で、優れている。
好ましくは、レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布において、粒子径が2μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率を全体の70%以上とすることができる。こうすることで、塗膜の60°鏡面光沢度及び85°鏡面光沢度をより一層抑制することができる。更に、累積90%径(D90)を30μm以下とすることができ、これにより塗膜の触感を滑らかにすることができる。
また、本願第5発明の複合顔料は、上述のように、高い艶抑制効果を発現することが可能でありながら、これを配合した塗料の増粘を十分に抑制することができ、ハンドリング性の良好な塗料組成物を実現することができる。
また、本願第5発明の複合顔料は、塗膜触感には不利に作用する体質顔料を含有しているにも関わらず、塗膜の触感を滑らかにすることができる。
以上のように、本願第5発明の複合顔料は、従来の艶消し剤では実現が困難であった、高い艶抑制効果、良好なハンドリング性、及び良好な塗膜触感の全てを実現できる点において、優れている。
無機着色顔料を含有した本願第5発明の複合顔料によれば、一般に「7分艶(JIS K5600-4-7:1999に準拠して測定した60°の鏡面光沢率が55~65%)」や「5分艶」、「3分艶」と呼ばれる艶の抑制程度にとどまらず、「艶消し(60°の鏡面光沢率が5%以下)」と呼ばれる程度にまで艶を抑制することができる。
レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布において、粒子径が2μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率を全体の70%以上とすることができる。こうすることで、塗膜の60°鏡面光沢度及び85°鏡面光沢度をより一層抑制することができる。
本発明の複合顔料は、体質顔料が無機化合物で固着されたものであり、無機化合物を介して、複数個の体質顔料の粒子を粒状に集合させたものである。
本発明において「体質顔料」とは、一般に、展色剤中に増量剤として加えられ、流動性、強度あるいは光学的性質の改善のために用いられるもので、それ自体の屈折率、隠蔽力、及び着色力が小さな顔料であって、展色剤と練り合わせたときに透明又は半透明となるものをいう。体質顔料としては、例えば、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸バリウム、カオリン、タルクなどが挙げられる。中でも、体質顔料として硫酸バリウムを用いると、複合顔料に耐酸性、耐アルカリ性、耐熱性、放射線遮蔽特性などを付与することができる。
平均一次粒子径は、電子顕微鏡法にて測定することができる。詳細には、透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製 H-7000)を用いて、体質顔料の粒子を撮影し、自動画像処理解析装置(ニレコ製 ルーゼックスAP)を用いて画像処理を行い、2000個の粒子について一次粒子径を測定し、その平均値を平均一次粒子径とする。
塗膜触感の評価指標としては、例えば、塗膜の摩擦係数を用いることができ、摩擦係数としては、MIU(平均摩擦係数)や、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)などを用いることができる。これらの摩擦係数は、例えば、摩擦感テスター(カトーテック製、KES-SE)を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の複合顔料では、累積90%径(D90)を20μm以下とすることで、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)の値を0.02以下とすることができ、好ましくは0.01以下とすることができる。
なお、「固着用」や「表面用」という表記がなく、また前後の文脈からも判断できない場合には、通常、「固着用」を意味する。
本発明における「無機化合物源」とは、後述するスラリーのpH調整により無機化合物として析出するもののことを意味する。このような無機化合物源としては、例えば、ケイ酸ナトリウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸ジルコニウム、塩化第一スズ、四塩化チタンなどが挙げられる。無機化合物源としてはケイ酸ナトリウムが好ましい。ケイ酸ナトリウムとしては、JIS 1408-1966に規定されている1号、2号、3号ともに用いることができるが、入手し易さ、ハンドリングの点で3号を用いることが好ましい。
無機化合物源としてケイ酸ナトリウムを用いる場合、上記スラリーを加熱し、50~100℃程度に保持しながら、希硫酸を添加してpHを2~10に調整するのが好ましい。こうすることで、遊離のシリカの生成を抑制しつつ、適度な大きさ(好ましい粒度分布)の複合顔料を得ることができる。上記希硫酸添加によるpH調整においては、pHを6~9の範囲に調整することがより好ましく、7~8の範囲に調整することが更に好ましい。
また、無機化合物源として硫酸アルミニウムを用いる場合、上記スラリーを加熱し、50~100℃程度に保持しながら、苛性ソーダ(水酸化ナトリウム)を添加してpHを4~13に調整することが好ましい。
本発明の塗料組成物に含まれる樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、アルキド樹脂、アクリルアルキド樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アクリルエマルション樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエステルウレタン樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、変性エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、アクリルシリコーン樹脂、フッ素樹脂などの各種塗料用樹脂が挙げられる。
また、塗料組成物に着色材を配合しないことにより、透明(半透明)の艶消し塗料とすることもできる。このような透明(半透明)の艶消し塗料は、車両用の用途などにおいて、ベース層(着色光沢塗料や光輝性塗料などを基材に塗装して形成した層)の上から塗装するトップコートとして用いることができる。
複合顔料と樹脂、必要に応じて上述の着色材、分散剤、添加剤、溶剤等とを分散機で撹拌し、必要に応じて脱泡して本発明の塗料組成物を調製することができる。
また、着色材の含有量を極少量としたり、着色材を含有させたりしないことで、透明(半透明の)トップコート用艶消し塗料とする場合、複合顔料の顔料体積濃度(PVC)を5~40%の範囲とすることが好ましく、10~30%の範囲とすることがより好ましく、15~25%の範囲とすることが更に好ましい。このような範囲とすることで、ベース層の発色を維持しつつ、十分に艶を抑制可能なトップコート用艶消し塗料とすることができる。
本発明の複合顔料は、少なくとも酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料とを、無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物で固着した複合顔料である。
また、複合顔料中で複数個の酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料とを分散配置させる観点からすれば、酸化チタン顔料及び/又は体質顔料の形状が、球状あるいは略球状であることが好ましい。
平均一次粒子径は、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施形態]で既述した、平均一次粒子径を測定するのに用いた電子顕微鏡法にて同じ方法で測定することができる。
なお、「固着用」や「表面用」という表記がなく、また前後の文脈からも判断できない場合には、通常、「固着用」を意味する。
複合顔料の累積90%径(D90)は、レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置を用いて測定することができる。このような装置としては、例えば、レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置「LA-910」(堀場製作所製)を用いることができる。
複合顔料のメジアン径D50は、上述したD90と同様に、レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置「LA-910」(堀場製作所製)等を用いて測定することができる。
酸化チタン顔料の形状はどのような形状であってもよく、球状、略球状、柱状、針状、紡錘状、楕円形、立方体、直方体、その他不定形状など、各種の形状をとり得る。
後述するように、本発明の複合顔料において、体質顔料は、酸化チタン顔料同士の間に入り、粒子間に適度な間隔を設けるためのスペーサーとして機能する。このような機能を実現するためには、体質顔料の体積が重要となる。この点で、炭酸カルシウムは、比較的比重が小さく、少ない使用量でも十分な体積を確保できる。従って、コストの観点からすれば、体質顔料に炭酸カルシウムを用いることがより好ましい。また、炭酸カルシウムの中でも、特に、沈降性(合成)炭酸カルシウムが好ましい。沈降性(合成)炭酸カルシウムは、所望の粒子サイズに設計がし易く、所望の粒子径のものを入手し易いからである。
体質顔料の形状はどのような形状であってもよく、球状、略球状、柱状、針状、紡錘状、楕円形、立方体、直方体、その他不定形状など、各種の形状をとり得る。
複合顔料と必要に応じて上述の樹脂、分散剤、添加剤、溶剤等とを分散機で撹拌し、必要に応じて脱泡して本発明の塗料組成物を調製することができる。
本発明の複合顔料は、無機着色顔料が無機化合物で固着されたものであり、無機着色顔料の複数個の粒子を無機化合物を介して粒状に集合させたものである。
本発明において「無機着色顔料」とは、無機化合物を主成分として、白色、黒色などの無彩色、あるいは赤色、黄色、青色などの有彩色を呈する顔料のことを言う。白色の無機着色顔料の例としては、二酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、鉛白等が挙げられる。黒色の無機着色顔料の例としては、低次酸化チタン、酸窒化チタン(チタンブラック)、カーボンブラック、ボーンブラック(骨炭)、黒鉛、鉄黒、コバルトブラック、鉄-クロム複合酸化物、銅-クロムブラック複合酸化物、Fe-Mn-Biブラック等が挙げられる。赤色の無機着色顔料の例としては、弁柄、モリブデンレッド等が挙げられる。黄色の無機着色顔料の例としては、ニッケルアンチモンチタンイエロー、クロムチタンイエロー、黄色酸化鉄、クロムイエロー等が挙げられる。青色の無機着色顔料の例としては、群青、紺青、コバルトブルー等が挙げられる。緑色の無機着色顔料の例としては、コバルトグリーン、クロムグリーン、酸化クロムグリーン、コバルト-アルミ-クロム系グリーン、コバルト-チタン-ニッケル-亜鉛系グリーン等が挙げられ、これらの無機着色顔料の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種を用いることができる。
平均一次粒子径は、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施形態]で記述した、平均一次粒子径を測定するのに用いた電子顕微鏡法にて同じ方法で測定することができる。
複合顔料の体積粒度分布の測定には、例えば、レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置「LA-910」(堀場製作所製)を用いることができる。
塗膜触感の評価指標としては、例えば、塗膜の摩擦係数を用いることができ、摩擦係数としては、MIU(平均摩擦係数)や、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)などを用いることができる。これらの摩擦係数は、例えば、摩擦感テスター(カトーテック製、KES-SE)を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の複合顔料では、累積90%径(D90)を15μm以下とすることで、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)の値を0.02以下とすることができ、好ましくは0.01以下とすることができる。
本発明における「無機化合物源」とは、後述するスラリーのpH調整により析出して、無機着色顔料を固着する無機化合物となるもののことを意味する。このような無機化合物源としては、例えば、ケイ酸ナトリウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸ジルコニウム、塩化第一スズ、四塩化チタンなどが挙げられる。無機化合物源としてはケイ酸ナトリウムが好ましい。ケイ酸ナトリウムとしては、JIS 1408-1966に規定されている1号、2号、3号ともに用いることができるが、入手し易さ、ハンドリングの点で3号を用いることが好ましい。
また、無機着色顔料と無機化合物源とを含むスラリーの固形分濃度は、75~450g/Lであり、100~400g/Lであることが好ましい。このような固形分濃度とすることで、上述した所望の粒度分布の複合顔料が得られ易い。
無機化合物源としてケイ酸ナトリウムを用いる場合、上記スラリーを加熱し、50~100℃程度に保持しながら、希硫酸を添加してpHを2~10に調整するのが好ましい。こうすることで、溶液中に、複数個の無機着色顔料がシリカで固着された複合顔料を得ることができる。尚、このときのpHが低いほど、無機着色顔料と複合化していない遊離のシリカが析出し易く、複合顔料に含まれる遊離のシリカ量が多くなる。その結果、複合顔料を塗料化したときに粘度が増大する傾向がある。また、このときのpHが高いほど(具体的にはpH9~10付近であると)、複合顔料の粒子径が小さくなり易く、艶消し効果が低くなる傾向がある。こうした理由から、上記希硫酸添加によるpH調整においては、pHを6~9の範囲に調整することが好ましく、7~8の範囲に調整することがより好ましい。
また、無機化合物源として硫酸アルミニウムを用いる場合、上記スラリーを加熱し、50~100℃程度に保持しながら、苛性ソーダ(水酸化ナトリウム)を添加してpHを4~13に調整するのが好ましい。
複合顔料と必要に応じて上述の樹脂、分散剤、添加剤、溶剤等とを分散機で撹拌し、必要に応じて脱泡して本発明の塗料組成物を調製することができる。
本発明の複合顔料は、亜鉛元素を含有する無機着色顔料を無機化合物で固着したものである。本発明において「無機着色顔料」とは、無機化合物を主成分として、白色、黒色などの無彩色、あるいは赤色、黄色、青色などの有彩色を呈する顔料のことを言う。白色、黒色、赤色、黄色、青色、緑色の各種無機着色顔料の例としては、[本発明(本願第3発明)の実施形態]において「無機着色顔料」として例示した各種無機着色顔料がそのまま挙げられる。
平均一次粒子径は、[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施形態]等で既述した、平均一次粒子径を測定するのに用いた電子顕微鏡法にて同じ方法で測定することができる。
体質顔料の大きさは、無機着色顔料と概ね同じであることが好ましい。具体的には、その平均一次粒子径が0.1~1.0μmであることが好ましく、0.1~0.5μmであることがより好ましく、0.1~0.35μmであることが更に好ましい。
亜鉛元素が複合顔料中に含まれることで、複合顔料を適度な大きさ(好ましい粒度分布)とすることができる。また、複合顔料に含まれる細粒を少なくすることができる。一般に、艶消し効果の発現に寄与するのは比較的大きな粒子であることから、細粒の低減によって比較的大きな粒子の存在比率を大きくすることができ、その結果として艶消し効果を高めることができる。亜鉛元素の含有量は、無機着色顔料に対してZn換算で0.5~5質量%であることが好ましい。
亜鉛元素が少なくとも無機着色顔料の粒子表面に存在していると、無機着色顔料(及び体質顔料)を無機化合物で固着したときに、複合顔料をより好適な大きさ(より好ましい粒度分布)とすることができるので、好ましい。その理由は定かではないが、無機化合物との親和性が比較的大きい亜鉛元素(亜鉛化合物)が無機着色顔料(及び体質顔料)の表面付近に存在することで、これらの集合化が上手く進むためであると推定される。
塗膜触感の評価指標としては、例えば、塗膜の摩擦係数を用いることができ、摩擦係数としては、MIU(平均摩擦係数)や、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)などを用いることができる。これらの摩擦係数は、例えば、摩擦感テスター(カトーテック製、KES-SE)を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の複合顔料では、累積90%径(D90)を20μm以下とすることで、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)の値を0.02以下とすることができる。
なお、「固着用」や「表面用」という表記がなく、また前後の文脈からも判断できない場合には、通常、「固着用」を意味する。
ここで、「亜鉛元素を含有する」とは、無機着色顔料の粒子表面に亜鉛元素が存在する状態はもちろん、無機着色顔料の粒子内部に亜鉛元素が存在する状態も包含する。
無機化合物源として、析出により上記の無機化合物となる化合物を用いることができ、析出のためのpHはその無機化合物に応じて適宜設定することができる。例えば、ケイ酸ナトリウムを用いる場合、希硫酸を添加してpHを2~10に調整するのが好ましい。こうすることで、遊離のシリカの生成を抑制しつつ、適度な大きさ(好ましい粒度分布)の複合顔料を得ることができる。上記希硫酸添加によるpH調整においては、pHを6~9の範囲に調整することがより好ましく、7~8の範囲に調整することが更に好ましい。また、上記スラリーを加熱し、50~100℃程度に保持しながら、無機化合物を析出させるのが好ましい。
本発明の複合顔料は、いわゆる艶消し剤(着色材とは別で塗料に添加され、艶消し効果を発現するもの)として、種々の塗料に配合することもできる。
本発明の塗料組成物に含まれる樹脂としては、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施形態]において、塗料組成物として含まれる樹脂として例示したものが使用できる。
分散剤は、複合顔料を合成するときに用いた無機化合物の種類に応じて適宜選択する。例えば、上述の無機化合物にシリカを用いた場合、上述の複合顔料の表面にはシリカが存在しているため、表面がわずかに酸性である。この場合、分散剤としてはアミン価を有する分散剤を用いることがより好ましい。具体的には、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施形態]において、アミン価を有する分散剤として例示したものがそのまま挙げられる。
本発明の複合顔料は、無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物と固着している体質顔料粒子を含んでなるものであり、換言すると、無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物を介して、複数個(2個以上)の体質顔料(具体的には、体質顔料の粒子)を粒状に集合させたものである。
なお、本発明の実施形態においては、特に断りのない限り、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施形態]乃至[本発明(本願第4発明)の実施形態]中で既述した内容がそのまま適用される。
本発明において「体質顔料」とは、一般に、展色剤中に増量剤として加えられ、流動性、強度あるいは光学的性質の改善のために用いられるもので、それ自体の屈折率、隠蔽力、及び着色力が小さな顔料であって、展色剤と練り合わせたときに透明又は半透明となるものをいう。体質顔料としては、例えば、硫酸バリウム(沈降性(合成)硫酸バリウムなど)、炭酸カルシウム(軽質炭酸カルシウム、重質炭酸カルシウム、沈降性(合成)炭酸カルシウムなど)、水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸バリウム、バライト粉、カオリン、タルク、クレー、ホワイトカーボンなどが挙げられる。体質顔料としては、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムが好ましく、中でも、体質顔料として硫酸バリウムを用いると、複合顔料に耐酸性、耐アルカリ性、耐熱性、放射線遮蔽特性などを付与することができる。
平均一次粒子径は、電子顕微鏡法にて測定することができる。詳細には、透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製 H-7000)を用いて、体質顔料の粒子を撮影し、自動画像処理解析装置(ニレコ製 ルーゼックスAP)を用いて画像処理を行い、2000個の粒子について一次粒子径を測定し、その平均値を平均一次粒子径とする。
塗膜触感の評価指標としては、例えば、塗膜の摩擦係数を用いることができ、摩擦係数としては、MIU(平均摩擦係数)や、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)などを用いることができる。これらの摩擦係数は、例えば、摩擦感テスター(カトーテック製、KES-SE)を用いて測定することができる。
本発明の複合顔料では、累積90%径(D90)を20μm以下とすることで、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)の値を0.02以下とすることができ、好ましくは0.01以下とすることができる。
本発明の複合顔料を構成する無機着色顔料が酸化チタン顔料である場合、その平均一次粒子径が0.1μm以上1.0μm以下であることが好ましく、0.1μm以上0.5μm以下であることがより好ましく、0.1μm以上0.3μm以下であることが更に好ましい。酸化チタン顔料の平均一次粒子径を上記範囲内とすることで、酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料とを複合化したときに、複合顔料を適度な大きさとすることができる。その結果、低光沢性(艶抑制効果)と隠蔽性を向上させることができ、また、塗膜の触感をより滑らかなものとすることができるので好ましい。平均一次粒子径は、前記の電子顕微鏡法にて測定することができる。
また、本発明の複合顔料では、無機着色顔料が酸化チタン顔料である場合、酸化チタン顔料と体質顔料との含有率は適宜設定することができるが、質量比において、酸化チタンの質量を1とした場合に、体質顔料の質量が0.01以上100以下であることが好ましく、0.1以上10以下であることがより好ましく、0.2以上1以下であることが更に好ましい。
本発明の複合顔料では、無機化合物を用いる場合、無機着色顔料粒子及び体質顔料粒子と、無機化合物との含有率が次のような比率であることが好ましい。すなわち、無機着色顔料粒子及び体質顔料粒子の体積を1とした場合に、無機化合物の体積が0.3以上2以下であることが好ましく、0.4以上1.5以下であることがより好ましく、0.5以上1以下であることが更に好ましい。
このとき、同種の粒子(無機着色顔料粒子同士、あるいは体質顔料粒子同士)が特定箇所に塊まって存在するのではなく、無機着色顔料粒子の間に体質顔料粒子が存在した状態であることが好ましい。体質顔料粒子がスペーサーの役割を果たすことで、低光沢性(艶抑制効果)や隠蔽性を向上させることができる。もちろん、必ずしも全ての無機着色顔料粒子の間に体質顔料粒子が存在している必要はなく、複合顔料の一部の領域には同種の構成粒子が塊まって存在する領域が形成されていてもよいが、複合顔料を巨視的に見た場合に、複数の無機着色顔料粒子と体質顔料粒子とが満遍なく分散して存在する態様が好ましい。
また、複合顔料中で複数個の無機着色顔料粒子と体質顔料粒子とを分散配置させる観点からすれば、無機着色顔料及び/又は体質顔料の粒子形状が、球状あるいは略球状であることが好ましい。
なお、特に「固着用」や「表面用」という表記がない場合については、通常、「固着用」を意味する。
亜鉛元素が複合顔料粒子中に含まれることで、複合顔料を適度な大きさ(好ましい粒度分布)とすることができる。また、複合顔料に含まれる細粒を少なくすることができる。一般に、艶消し効果の発現に寄与するのは比較的大きな粒子であることから、細粒の低減によって比較的大きな粒子の存在比率を大きくすることができ、その結果として艶消し効果を高めることができる。亜鉛元素の含有量は、無機着色顔料に対してZn換算で0.5質量%以上5質量%以下であることが好ましい。
亜鉛元素が少なくとも無機着色顔料の粒子表面に存在していると、無機着色顔料(及び体質顔料)を無機化合物で固着したときに、複合顔料をより好適な大きさ(より好ましい粒度分布)とすることができるので、好ましい。その理由は定かではないが、無機化合物との親和性が比較的大きい亜鉛元素(亜鉛化合物)が無機着色顔料粒子(及び体質顔料粒子)の表面付近に存在することで、これらの集合化が上手く進むためであると推定される。
なお、「固着用」や「表面用」という表記がなく、また前後の文脈からも判断できない場合には、通常、「固着用」を意味する。
本発明における「無機化合物源」とは、後述するスラリーのpH調整により無機化合物として析出するもののことを意味する。このような無機化合物源としては、例えば、ケイ酸ナトリウム、アルミン酸ナトリウム、硫酸アルミニウム、硫酸ジルコニウム、塩化第一スズ、四塩化チタンなどが挙げられる。無機化合物源としてはケイ酸ナトリウムが好ましい。ケイ酸ナトリウムとしては、JIS 1408-1966に規定されている1号、2号、3号ともに用いることができるが、入手し易さ、ハンドリングの点で3号を用いることが好ましい。
無機化合物源としてケイ酸ナトリウムを用いる場合、上記スラリーを加熱し、50℃以上100℃以下程度に保持しながら、希硫酸を添加してpHを2以上10以下に調整するのが好ましい。こうすることで、遊離のシリカの生成を抑制しつつ、適度な大きさ(好ましい粒度分布)の複合顔料を得ることができる。上記希硫酸添加によるpH調整においては、pHを6以上9以下の範囲に調整することがより好ましく、7以上8以下の範囲に調整することが更に好ましい。
また、無機化合物源として硫酸アルミニウムを用いる場合、上記スラリーを加熱し、50~100℃程度に保持しながら、水酸化ナトリウムを添加してpHを4以上13以下に調整することが好ましい。
尚、無機着色顔料粒子が亜鉛元素を含有するものである場合、上記体積比(Va/Vb)が0.3未満である場合(例えば0.25程度)であっても、適度な大きさ(好ましい粒度分布)の複合顔料を得ることができる。
そのあとは必要に応じて公知の方法で脱水洗浄、乾燥し、適宜粉砕して、本発明の複合顔料を製造することができる。更に必要に応じて、上記で乾燥したものをより高い温度で焼成してもよい。焼成温度は適宜設定することができ、例えば300℃以上900℃以下程度が好ましい。
本発明の塗料組成物に含まれる樹脂としては、フェノール樹脂、アルキド樹脂、アクリルアルキド樹脂、アクリル樹脂、アクリルエマルション樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリエステルウレタン樹脂、ポリエーテル樹脂、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリルウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、変性エポキシ樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、アクリルシリコーン樹脂、フッ素樹脂などの各種塗料用樹脂が挙げられる。
また、塗料組成物に着色材を配合しないことにより、透明(半透明)の艶消し塗料とすることもできる。このような透明(半透明)の艶消し塗料は、車両用の用途などにおいて、ベース層(着色光沢塗料や光輝性塗料などを基材に塗装して形成した層)の上から塗装するトップコートとして用いることができる。
また、着色材の含有量を極少量としたり、着色材を含有させたりしないことで、透明(半透明の)トップコート用艶消し塗料とする場合、複合顔料の顔料体積濃度(PVC)を5%以上40%以下の範囲とすることが好ましく、10%以上30%以下の範囲とすることがより好ましく、15%以上25%以下の範囲とすることが更に好ましい。このような範囲とすることで、ベース層の発色を維持しつつ、十分に艶を抑制可能なトップコート用艶消し塗料とすることができる。
<実施例1-1>
純水705gに硫酸バリウム(竹原化学工業製:TS-2、平均一次粒子径:0.3μm)135gを分散させ、3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)231gを添加し、混合することでケイ酸ナトリウムを含む硫酸バリウムスラリーを調製した。このスラリーのケイ酸ナトリウムの体積Va(SiO2換算)と硫酸バリウムの体積Vbとの体積比(Va/Vb)は1であった。この溶液を撹拌機、温度計を取り付けた反応容器に入れ、撹拌しながら75℃に昇温した。液温を75℃に保ちながら、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いて、2.0質量%の硫酸を3時間かけて添加し、溶液のpHを7.5とした。その後1時間熟成することで、溶液中にシリカをバインダーとした硫酸バリウムの集合体を得た。更に、No.2ろ紙を用いて溶液をろ過し、ろ紙上に残った固形物を水洗し、再度ろ過することで、上記集合体のウエットケーキを得た。得られたウエットケーキを120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。こうして得られた上記集合体の乾燥粉体を、粉砕機(槇野産業製 スタッドミル 63Z)を用いて乾式粉砕し、その後分級機(ホソカワミクロン製 TC-15M)を用いて分級(回転数:3600rpm、風量:1.5m3/分)して、硫酸バリウムをシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例1-1の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図1に示す。
上記実施例1-1において、シリカ源の添加量を多くした。具体的には、純水の使用量を540gに、3号水ガラスの添加量を462gに変更することで、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と硫酸バリウムとの体積比(Va/Vb)が2であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例1-1と同様の手順にて、硫酸バリウムをシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例1-2の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図2に示す。
上記実施例1-1において、シリカ源の添加量を少なくした。具体的には、純水の使用量を788gに、3号水ガラスの添加量を116gに変更することで、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と硫酸バリウムとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例1-1と同様の手順にて、硫酸バリウムをシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例1-3の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。
上記実施例1-1において、シリカ源の添加量を実施例1-3よりも更に少なくした。具体的には、純水の使用量を829gに、3号水ガラスの添加量を58gに変更することで、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と硫酸バリウムとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.25であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例1-1と同様の手順にて、硫酸バリウムをシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例1-4の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図4に示す。
各種実施例の複合顔料について、各種粉体物性(粒度分布、比表面積、吸油量)を測定した。その結果を表1-1に示す。表1-1には、一般に艶消し剤として用いられる体質顔料や、シリカの艶消し剤、樹脂のビーズ艶消し剤の粉体物性も示す。具体的には、比較例1-1の硫酸バリウム(竹原化学工業製:W-1、平均粒子径1.5μm)、比較例1-2の硫酸バリウム(竹原化学工業製:W-6、平均粒子径4.5μm)、比較例1-3の硫酸バリウム(竹原化学工業製:W-10、平均粒子径10μm)、比較例1-4のシリカ(富士シリシア製:サイリシア276、平均粒子径7μm)、及び比較例1-5の樹脂ビーズ(根上工業製:アートパールG-800、平均粒子径6μm)についての各種粉体物性の測定結果を示す。
各種粉体物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。以下の測定方法の説明において「試料」とは、各種実施例の複合顔料又は比較例の艶消し剤のことを指す。
レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(堀場製作所社製 LA-910)を用いて粒度分布を測定した。詳細には、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを0.3質量%溶解させた水溶液を分散媒とし、その中に各試料を混合し、装置内で循環・撹拌しながら、超音波を3分照射して十分に分散し、レーザー光による透過率が73±3%となるように調整した後、体積基準で粒度分布を測定した。このとき相対屈折率(複素屈折率)は、実施例、及び比較例1-1~1-3では1.6-0.00i、比較例1-4、1-5では1.5-0.00iに設定し、取り込み回数は10回とした。
こうして得られた粒度分布のデータから、粒度分布を累積分布として表した場合に、累積50%での粒子径を累積50%径(D50)とした。同様にして、累積10%での粒子径を累積10%径(D10)とし、累積90%での粒子径を累積90%径(D90)とした。図5には、各種実施例の代表として、実施例1-1の複合顔料の体積累積粒度分布図を示した。
BET比表面積測定装置「MONOSORB」(ユアサアイオニクス社製)を用いて、窒素吸着法によりBET比表面積を測定した。
顔料試験方法JIS-K5101-13-1:2004に準拠して測定した。詳細には、平滑なガラス板の上に試料5gを取り、煮あまに油をビュレットから滴下し、その都度全体をパレットナイフで練り合わせた。滴下、練り合わせを繰り返し、パレットナイフを用いてらせん形に巻くことができる状態になった点を終点とした。各試料に吸収された煮あまに油の量を各試料の質量で除して、吸油量を算出した。表1-1では、吸油量をml/100gの単位で表示する。
上述の各種実施例の複合顔料及び比較例の艶消し剤を用いて、透明の艶消し塗料組成物を調製した。塗料組成物の顔料体積濃度(PVC)は20%、固形分体積濃度(SVC)は30%に設定した。具体的には、下記表1-2の比率で原料を配合し、分散機(特殊機化工業製 T.K.ロボミックス、回転数:3000rpm)を用いて5分間撹拌した後、ハイブリッドミキサー(キーエンス製 HM-500)により脱泡し、透明の艶消し塗料組成物を得た。
実施例1-1~1-4及び比較例1-1~1-5の透明艶消し塗料組成物では、各々対応する実施例及び比較例の試料を艶消し剤として用いた。また、比較例1-6の透明艶消し塗料組成物では、比較例1-1の硫酸バリウム艶消し剤と比較例1-4のシリカ艶消し剤とを体積比1:1で混合したものを艶消し剤として用いた。比較例1-7の透明艶消し塗料組成物では、比較例1-2の硫酸バリウム艶消し剤と比較例1-4のシリカ艶消し剤とを体積比1:1で混合したものを艶消し剤として用いた。比較例1-8の透明艶消し塗料組成物では、比較例1-3の硫酸バリウム艶消し剤と比較例1-4のシリカ艶消し剤とを体積比1:1で混合したものを艶消し剤として用いた。
各種実施例及び比較例の透明艶消し塗料組成物について、ブルックフィールド型B型回転粘度計(TVB-10形粘度計 東機産業製)を用いて粘度を測定した。測定結果を表1-3に示す。測定は下記条件で行い、50mlメスシリンダー内に塗料組成物を入れ、各回転数(6rpm、60rpm)での粘度を測定した。
ロータ:TM4
測定温度:25℃
各種実施例及び比較例の透明艶消し塗料組成物について、塗膜の物性評価を行った。その結果を表1-4に示す。塗膜の各種物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の透明艶消し塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の光沢度を、JIS K5600-4-7:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、ガラス板の上に透明艶消し塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、光沢計(BYK-Gardner製 ヘイズ-グロスメーター)を用いて、20°、60°、85°の鏡面光沢度を測定した。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の透明艶消し塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の隠蔽率を、JIS K5600-4-1:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、隠蔽率試験紙の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、分光色彩計(日本電色工業製 SD5000)を用いてYb値(黒地部分のY値)とYw値(白地部分のY値)をそれぞれ測定した。また、Yb値とYw値の値から、以下の式に従ってコントラスト比(Contrast Ratio 以下、C.R.)を算出した。
C.R.(%)=Yb値/Yw値×100
また、実施例1-1~1-3の透明艶消し塗料組成物の塗膜では、85°の鏡面光沢度は10%以下に抑制されており、いわゆる底艶についても十分に抑制されていた。
更に、実施例の透明艶消し塗料組成物の塗膜の隠蔽率は比較例のものとほぼ同程度であり、低い隠蔽率を維持した。このような透明艶消し塗料組成物は、着色ベース層の上に塗装してもベース層の発色を阻害しないので、着色ベース層の上から塗装するトップコート用の艶消し塗料組成物として好適である。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の透明艶消し塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の艶ムラについて、以下のようにして評価した。上述の光沢度の測定に用いた塗膜について、任意の5地点の鏡面光沢度(20°、60°、85°)を測定した。そして、前記5地点の標準偏差を算出した。算出結果を表1-5に示す。
実施例、比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜について、触感の滑らかさに関する評価を行った。
<実施例2-1>
二酸化チタン顔料(石原産業製、平均一次粒子径:0.24μm)129gと、沈降性(合成)炭酸カルシウム(体質顔料 白石カルシウム製 Brilliant-1500、平均一次粒子径:0.15μm)82.8gとを、純水819.6gに分散させた。この溶液に3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)116.4gを添加し、混合することで二酸化チタン顔料、炭酸カルシウムを含むケイ酸ナトリウム溶液を調製した。この溶液を撹拌機、温度計を取り付けた反応容器に入れ、撹拌しながら75℃に昇温した。液温を75℃に保ちながら、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いて、1.8質量%の硫酸を3時間かけて添加し、溶液のpHを7.0~7.5とした。その後1時間熟成することで、溶液中にシリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。更に、No.2ろ紙を用いて溶液をろ過し、ろ紙上に残った固形物を水洗し、再度ろ過することで、上記複合顔料のウエットケーキが得られた。得られたウエットケーキを120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。こうして得られた上記複合顔料の乾燥粉体を、粉砕機(槇野産業製 スタッドミル 63Z)を用いて乾式粉砕し、その後分級機(ホソカワミクロン製 TC-15M)を用いて分級(回転数:3600rpm、風量:1.5m3/分)して、複合顔料を得た。実施例2-1の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図6に示し、図6の拡大図を図7に示す。また、図7の更なる高倍率拡大図を図32に示す。
上記実施例2-1において、炭酸カルシウムの使用量を165.6gに変更した以外は実施例2-1と同様の手順にて、シリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。実施例2-2の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図8に示す。
上記実施例2-1において、炭酸カルシウムの使用量を41.4gに変更した以外は実施例2-1と同様の手順にて、シリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。実施例2-3の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図9に示す。
上記実施例2-1において、純水の使用量を733.7gに、3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)の使用量を232.8gにそれぞれ変更した以外は実施例2-1と同じ手順にて、シリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。実施例2-4の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図10に示す。
上記実施例2-1と同じ手順にて溶液中にシリカ・二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た後、この溶液に、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いてアルミン酸ナトリウム水溶液(300g/L)を21.8ml添加した。この際、硫酸を同時に添加して、溶液のpHを7.0~7.5に保った。その後30分間熟成することで、溶液中に表面にアルミナの被覆層が形成されたシリカ・二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。さらに、No.2ろ紙を用いて溶液をろ過し、ろ紙上に残った固形物を水洗し、再度ろ過することで、上記複合顔料のウエットケーキを得た。得られたケーキを120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。この乾燥粉体を粉砕機(槇野産業製 スタッドミル 63Z)を用いて乾式粉砕を行い、その後分級機(ホソカワミクロン製 TC-15M)を用いて分級(回転数:3600rpm、風量:1.5m3/分)し、複合顔料を得た。実施例2-5の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図11に示す。
実施例2-1により得られた複合顔料5g、トルエン(関東化学製)195g、シリコーンレジン(信越化学工業製 KR-251)50gを反応容器に入れ、ペイントシェーカーで10分間撹拌した。撹拌終了後、高速冷却遠心機(日立製 CR21GII 回転数:7500rpm)で5分間処理し、分離したトルエンを除去し、120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。こうして、表面がシリコーンレジンで被覆されたシリカ・二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。実施例2-6の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図12に示す。
上記実施例2-1において、炭酸カルシウムの代わりに硫酸バリウム(体質顔料 竹原化学工業製 TS-2、平均一次粒子径:0.31μm)を138.4g用いた以外は実施例2-1と同じ手順にて、シリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・硫酸バリウムの複合顔料を得た。実施例2-7の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図13に示す。
酸化チタンと炭酸カルシウムとを実施例2-1と同様の割合で混合して、混合粉体を得た。比較例2-1の混合粉体の電子顕微鏡写真を図14に示す。
各種実施例の複合顔料及び比較例2-1の混合粉体について、以下のようにして各種粉体物性の測定を行った。その結果を表2-1に示す。各種粉体物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。以下の測定方法の説明において「試料」とは、各種実施例の複合顔料、又は比較例2-1の混合粉体のことを指す。
レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(堀場製作所社製 LA-910)を用いて測定した。詳細には、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを0.3質量%溶解させた水溶液を分散媒とし、その中に各試料を混合し、装置内で循環・撹拌しながら、超音波を3分照射して十分に分散し、レーザー光による透過率が73±3%となるように調整した後、体積基準で粒度分布を測定した。このとき相対屈折率は2.00-0.00iに固定し、取り込み回数は10回とした。粒度分布を累積分布として表した場合に、累積50%での粒子径をメジアン径D50とし、累積90%での粒子径を累積90%径D90とした。
比表面積測定装置(島津製作所製 フローソーブII2300)を用いてBET法により測定した。測定に使用する気体としては、吸着ガスである窒素を30体積%、キャリアガスであるヘリウムを70体積%含有する窒素-ヘリウム混合ガスを用いた。セルに試料を充填し、真空装置を用いて加熱脱気後、窒素-ヘリウム混合ガスを一定量流し、比表面積を測定した。
顔料試験方法JIS-K5101-13-1:2004に準拠して測定した。詳細には、平滑なガラス板の上に試料5gを取り、煮あまに油をビュレットから滴下し、その都度全体をパレットナイフで練り合わせた。滴下、練り合わせを繰り返し、パレットナイフを用いてらせん形に巻くことができる状態になった点を終点とした。各試料に吸収された煮あまに油の量を各試料の質量で除して、吸油量を算出した。本発明では、吸油量をml/100gで表示する。
各試料の構成成分の組成は、蛍光X線分析装置(リガク製 RIX-2100)を用いて測定した。詳細には、アルミリングに試料を詰め、油圧プレス機にて加圧成形して作製したサンプルを用いて測定した。
表2-1には、測定結果に基づいて、複合顔料に含まれる酸化チタン、炭酸カルシウム(又は硫酸バリウム)、シリカに組成(質量比)を算出した。具体的には、酸化チタンをTiO2、炭酸カルシウムはCaCO3、硫酸バリウムはBaSO4、シリカはSiO2としてそれぞれ換算し、これらの合計を100とした場合の質量比を算出した。
実施例2-1~2-5、実施例2-7の複合顔料及び比較例2-1の混合粉体を用いて、塗料組成物を調製した。具体的には、以下の表2-2に記載の原料を、分散機(特殊機化工業製 T.K.ロボミックス、回転数:3000rpm)を用いて5分間撹拌した後、ハイブリッドミキサー(キーエンス製 HM-500)により脱泡し、塗料組成物を得た。
尚、以下の説明では、実施例2-1の試料を用いて上述の方法で調製した塗料組成物のことを、実施例2-1の塗料組成物として扱うものとする。他の実施例、比較例についても同様である。
<比較例2-2>
市販の艶消し塗料組成物(日本ペイント製 エコフラット60)を準備した。
市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)に、市販の艶消し剤(富士シリシア化学製 サイリシア276)を添加して、艶消し塗料組成物を調製した。艶消し剤の添加量は、グロスエマルション塗料に対して5質量%とした。
各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物について、塗膜にした時の物性評価を行った。その結果を表2-3に示す。尚、塗膜の各種物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の光沢率を、JIS K5600-4-7:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、ガラス板の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、光沢計(BYK-Gardner製 ヘイズ-グロスメーター)を用いて、20°、60°の鏡面光沢率を測定した。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の隠蔽率を、JIS K5600-4-1:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、隠蔽率試験紙の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、分光色彩計(日本電色工業製 SD5000)を用いてYb値(黒地部分のY値)とYw値(白地部分のY値)をそれぞれ測定した。また、Yb値とYw値の値から、以下の式に従ってコントラスト比(Contrast Ratio 以下、C.R.)を算出した。
C.R.(%)=Yb値/Yw値×100
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の膜強度を、JIS K5600-5-4:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、ガラス板の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、木製製図用鉛筆(三菱鉛筆製 uni)を用いて引っかき硬度試験を実施した。
更に、各実施例の塗料組成物の塗膜は、十分な鉛筆硬度を有し、実用上十分な塗膜強度を有することが確認された。
実施例2-1、比較例2-2、比較例2-3の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜について、触感の滑らかさ及び汚れの落ち易さ(汚染除去性)に関する官能評価を行った。
4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、ガラス板の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、塗膜の触感について指触試験を行った。具体的には、10人の評価者が塗膜を指で触り、その触感の優劣について点数を付けた。点数の付け方は、1番触感が滑らかであったものを2点、2番目に触感が滑らかであったものを1点、最も触感が滑らかでなかったものを0点とした。10人の評価者の点数の平均値を触感の評価点とした。結果を表2-4に示す。実施例2-1の塗料組成物の塗膜は、比較例2-2、2-3のものに比べて触感が良い結果であった。
あらかじめシーラー用樹脂(サイデン化学製 サイビノールAD-7)を塗布し乾燥させたスレート板(300mm×200mm×4mm)に、刷毛を用いて塗料組成物を0.13kg/m2になるように塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、色鉛筆・オレイン酸を塗布し、中性洗剤を5%添加した水を含ませたウエスで20往復拭き取り動作を行った。
実施例2-1の塗料組成物の塗膜では、汚れを完全に拭き取ることができた。一方、比較例2-2の塗料組成物(市販のフラットエマルション塗料)の塗膜では、汚れがほとんど除去できない、あるいは塗膜が剥がれ落ちるという結果になった。比較例2-3の塗料組成物(市販のグロスエマルション塗料と市販の艶消し剤の組み合わせ)の塗膜では、汚れをほぼ除去できる結果となった。
<実施例3-1>
純水819.6gに二酸化チタン(石原産業製、平均一次粒子径:0.24μm)129gを分散させ、3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)116.4gを添加し、混合することでケイ酸ナトリウムを含む二酸化チタンスラリーを調製した。尚、このスラリーのケイ酸ナトリウムの体積Va(SiO2換算)と二酸化チタンの体積Vbとの体積比(Va/Vb)は0.5であり、固形分濃度は175g/Lであった。この溶液を撹拌機、温度計を取り付けた反応容器に入れ、撹拌しながら75℃に昇温した。液温を75℃に保ちながら、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いて、2.0質量%の硫酸を3時間かけて添加し、溶液のpHを7.0~7.5とした。その後1時間熟成することで、溶液中にシリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタンの集合体を得た。更に、No.2ろ紙を用いて溶液をろ過し、ろ紙上に残った固形物を水洗し、再度ろ過することで、上記集合体のウエットケーキを得た。得られたウエットケーキを120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。こうして得られた上記集合体の乾燥粉体を、粉砕機(槇野産業製 スタッドミル 63Z)を用いて乾式粉砕し、その後分級機(ホソカワミクロン製 TC-15M)を用いて分級(回転数:3600rpm、風量:1.5m3/分)して、二酸化チタンがシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-1の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図15に示す。
上記実施例3-1において、シリカ源の添加量を多くした。具体的には、純水の使用量を923.4gに、3号水ガラスの添加量を232.8gに変更することで、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と二酸化チタンとの体積比(Va/Vb)が1であり、固形分濃度が175g/L(実施例3-1と同じ)であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、二酸化チタンがシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-2の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図16に示す。
上記実施例3-1において、ケイ酸ナトリウムを含む二酸化チタンスラリーの固形分濃度を高くした。具体的には、純水の使用量を457.0gに変更することで、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と二酸化チタンとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が300g/Lであるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、二酸化チタンがシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-3の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図17に示す。
上記実施例3-1において、ケイ酸ナトリウムを含む二酸化チタンスラリーの固形分濃度を低くした。具体的には、純水の使用量を1516.9gに変更することで、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と二酸化チタンとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が100g/Lであるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、二酸化チタンがシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-4の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図18に示す。
上記実施例3-1において、二酸化チタン129gをニッケルアンチモンチタンイエロー129g(TY-50、石原産業製、平均一次粒子径:0.40μm)に変更して、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)とニッケルアンチモンチタンイエローとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が175g/L(実施例3-1と同じ)であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、ニッケルアンチモンチタンイエローがシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-5の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図19示す。
上記実施例3-1において、二酸化チタン129gをクロムチタンイエロー129g(TY-300、石原産業製、平均一次粒子径:0.45μm)に変更して、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)とクロムチタンイエローとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が175g/L(実施例3-1と同じ)であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、クロムチタンイエローがシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-6の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図20示す。
上記実施例3-1において、二酸化チタン129gを弁柄161.1g(戸田工業製、平均一次粒子径:0.25μm)に変更して、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と弁柄との体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が210g/Lであるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、弁柄がシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-7の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図21示す。
上記実施例3-1において、二酸化チタン129gを群青72.2g(第一化成工業製、平均一次粒子径:0.2μm)に変更して、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と群青との体積比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が110g/Lであるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、群青がシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-8の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図22示す。
上記実施例3-1において、二酸化チタン129gを鉄-クロム複合酸化物159.8g(シェファードカラージャパンインク製、平均一次粒子径:0.4μm)に変更して、ケイ酸ナトリウム(SiO2換算)と鉄-クロム複合酸化物との質量比(Va/Vb)が0.5(実施例3-1と同じ)であり、固形分濃度が210g/Lであるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、鉄-クロム複合酸化物がシリカで固着した複合顔料を得た。実施例3-9の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図23示す。
特開平09-25429号の実施例に記載の製造方法に準拠して、以下のように二酸化チタン顔料を作製した。二酸化チタン(石原産業製、平均一次粒子径:0.24μm)のスラリー(スラリー濃度:350g/L)を調製し、これを撹拌しながら70℃に昇温後、35%に希釈した硫酸でpHを4.0に調整した。希硫酸を添加してpHを4.0に保ちながら3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)を36.2g(二酸化チタンの質量基準でSiO2として8%)添加し、30分熟成した。引き続き温度を70℃に保ちながら、硫酸バンド(硫酸アルミニウム水溶液)を50g(二酸化チタンの質量基準でAl2O3として3%)添加した後、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を添加しpHを7.5にし、1時間熟成した。続いて、該スラリーをNo.2ろ紙を用いてろ過洗浄し、120℃で乾燥した。乾燥後、メチルハイドロジェンポリシロキサン(信越化学工業製 KF-99)を1g添加し、ミキサーで混合、ジェットミルで粉砕することにより二酸化チタン顔料を得た。比較例3-1の二酸化チタン顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図24示す。
上記実施例3-1において、シリカ源の添加量を少なくした。具体的には、純水の使用量を761.1gに、3号水ガラスの使用量を58.2gに変更して、ケイ酸ナトリウムと二酸化チタンとの体積比(Va/Vb)が0.25であり、固形分濃度が175g/L(実施例3-1と同じ)であるスラリーを調製した。それ以外は実施例3-1と同様の手順にて、比較例3-2の顔料を得た。比較例3-2の顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図25に示す。図25を見て分かるように、比較例3-2の試料では、各種実施例の複合顔料と比べて、シリカによる複合化があまり進んでおらず、比較的小さい粒子が多かった。
各種実施例の複合顔料及び比較例3-1、3-2の顔料について、以下のようにして各種粉体物性の測定を行った。その結果を表3-1に示す。各種粉体物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。以下の測定方法の説明において「試料」とは、各種実施例の複合顔料、又は比較例3-1、3-2の顔料のことを指す。
レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(堀場製作所社製 LA-910)を用いて粒度分布を測定した。詳細には、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを0.3質量%溶解させた水溶液を分散媒とし、その中に各試料を混合し、装置内で循環・撹拌しながら、超音波を3分照射して十分に分散し、レーザー光による透過率が73±3%となるように調整した後、体積基準で粒度分布を測定した。このとき相対屈折率は、実施例3-1~3-3、実施例3-6、比較例3-1、3-2は2.00-0.00i、実施例3-4は2.17-0.00i、実施例3-5は1.18-0.00iに設定し、取り込み回数は10回とした。
こうして得られた粒度分布のデータから、試料全体に占める所定大きさの粒子の割合(粒子径が1μm以上のものの割合、粒子径が2μm以上のものの割合、粒子径が5μm以上のものの割合)をそれぞれ算出した。また、粒度分布を累積分布として表した場合に、累積90%での粒子径を累積90%径D90とした。尚、図26には、各種実施例の代表として、実施例3-1の体積累積粒度分布図が示されている。
一方、比較例3-1、3-2の顔料では、粒子径が1μm以上のものが全体の2~3割程度しかなく、殆どの粒子は粒子径が1μm未満であった。
実施例3-1~3-9、及び比較例3-1、3-2の試料を用いて、塗料組成物を調製した。具体的には、以下の表3-2に記載の原料を、分散機(特殊機化工業製 T.K.ロボミックス、回転数:3000rpm)を用いて5分間撹拌した後、ハイブリッドミキサー(キーエンス製 HM-500)により脱泡し、塗料組成物を得た。
尚、比較例3-1の顔料については、上記の配合で塗料組成物を調製した場合、塗料中での顔料成分の分離が激しく、後述の評価に供することが適当ではないと判断した。そこで、比較例3-1の顔料については、特開平09-25429号に記載の配合に準拠して、二酸化チタン顔料70gを、アクリル樹脂(DIC製、アクリディックA-141)46.6gとキシレン41.4gをとを混合して作製したアクリルラッカーワニス(固形分26.5%)88g中に混和(顔料/樹脂固形分=3/1)し、ペイントシェーカーで10分間攪拌して塗料を作成した。塗料組成物を作製した結果、比較例3-1の塗料組成物では、顔料成分の分離は見られなかった。
以下の説明では、実施例3-1の試料を用いて上述の方法で調製した塗料組成物のことを、実施例3-1の塗料組成物として扱うものとする。他の実施例、及び比較例3-2についても同様である。
<比較例3-3>
市販の艶消し塗料組成物(日本ペイント製 エコフラット60)を準備した。
市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)を準備した。
市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)に、市販の艶消し剤(富士シリシア化学製 サイリシア276)を添加して、艶消し塗料組成物を調製した。艶消し剤の添加量は、グロスエマルション塗料に対して5質量%とした。
各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物について、塗膜にした時の物性評価を行った。その結果を表3-3に示す。尚、塗膜の各種物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の光沢度を、JIS K5600-4-7:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、ガラス板の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、光沢計(BYK-Gardner製 ヘイズ-グロスメーター)を用いて、20°、60°、85°の鏡面光沢度を測定した。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の隠蔽率を、JIS K5600-4-1:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、隠蔽率試験紙の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、分光色彩計(日本電色工業製 SD5000)を用いてYb値(黒地部分のY値)とYw値(白地部分のY値)をそれぞれ測定した。また、Yb値とYw値の値から、以下の式に従ってコントラスト比(Contrast Ratio 以下、C.R.)を算出した。
C.R.(%)=Yb値/Yw値×100
また、各種実施例の塗料組成物の塗膜では、20°、60°の鏡面光沢度が十分に小さいことに加えて、85°鏡面光沢度についても40%以下となっており、いわゆる底艶についても十分に抑制されていた。
更に、実施例3-1~3-3、実施例3-5~3-9の塗料組成物の塗膜では、85°の鏡面光沢度は30%以下に抑制されており、実施例3-2、実施例3-5~3-9の塗料組成物の塗膜では、85°の鏡面光沢度は10%以下に抑制されていた。
また、実施例の塗膜の隠蔽率は、比較例のものとほぼ同程度であり、十分な隠蔽性を有することを確認した。
実施例、比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜について、触感の滑らかさに関する評価を行った。
<実施例4-1>
二酸化チタンの水和物と、焼成処理剤としての酸化亜鉛(二酸化チタンに対して0.8質量%)との混合物を焼成し、二酸化チタン顔料を得た。この二酸化チタン顔料の平均一次粒子径は0.24μmであった。この二酸化チタン顔料129gと、沈降性(合成)炭酸カルシウム(体質顔料 白石カルシウム製 Brilliant-1500、平均一次粒子径:0.15μm)82.8gとを、純水に分散させ、この溶液に3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)116.4gを添加し、混合することで、二酸化チタン顔料、炭酸カルシウムを含むケイ酸ナトリウム溶液(固形分濃度:255g/L)を調製した。この溶液を撹拌機、温度計を取り付けた反応容器に入れ、撹拌しながら75℃に昇温した。液温を75℃に保ちながら、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いて、2.0質量%の硫酸を3時間かけて添加し、溶液のpHを7.0~7.5とした。その後1時間熟成することで、溶液中にシリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。更に、No.2ろ紙を用いて溶液をろ過し、ろ紙上に残った固形物を水洗し、再度ろ過することで、上記複合顔料のウエットケーキを得た。得られたウエットケーキを120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。こうして得られた上記複合顔料の乾燥粉体を、粉砕機(槇野産業製 スタッドミル 63Z)を用いて乾式粉砕し、その後分級機(ホソカワミクロン製 TC-15M)を用いて分級(回転数:3600rpm、風量:1.5m3/分)して、複合顔料を得た。実施例4-1の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図27に示す。その拡大図を図28に示す。
純水430gに硫酸亜鉛七水和物3.8gを添加し、溶解させた。この溶液に二酸化チタン顔料(石原産業製、平均一次粒子径:0.24μm)129gを添加し、硫酸亜鉛七水和物を含有する二酸化チタン分散液(固形分濃度300g/L)を調製した。この分散液を攪拌機、温度計を取り付けた反応容器に入れ、撹拌しながら75℃に昇温した。液温を75℃に保ちながら、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いて、5.0質量%に調整した苛性ソーダ(水酸化ナトリウム)を1時間かけて添加し、溶液のpHを8.0~8.5とした。その後1時間熟成することで、溶液中に表面を酸化亜鉛で被覆した二酸化チタン顔料を得た。さらに、沈降性(合成)炭酸カルシウム(体質顔料 白石カルシウム製 Brilliant-1500、平均一次粒子径:0.15μm)82.8g、純水314.2g、3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)116.4gを添加し、混合することで二酸化チタン顔料、炭酸カルシウムを含むケイ酸ナトリウム溶液(固形分濃度255g/L)を調製した。この溶液の液温を75℃に保ちながら、マイクロチューブポンプ(東京理化器械製 MP-2001)を用いて、2.0質量%の硫酸を3時間かけて添加し、溶液のpHを7.0~7.5とした。その後1時間熟成することで、溶液中にシリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタン・炭酸カルシウムの複合顔料を得た。更に、No.2ろ紙を用いて溶液をろ過し、ろ紙上に残った固形物を水洗し、再度ろ過することで、上記複合顔料のウエットケーキを得た。得られたウエットケーキを120℃設定の乾燥機で16時間加熱乾燥を行った。こうして得られた上記複合顔料の乾燥粉体を、粉砕機(槇野産業製 スタッドミル 63Z)を用いて乾式粉砕し、その後分級機(ホソカワミクロン製 TC-15M)を用いて分級(回転数:3600rpm、風量:1.5m3/分)して、複合顔料を得た。実施例4-2の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図29に示す。
実施例4-1の製造方法をベースとして、体質顔料(炭酸カルシウム)を含まない複合顔料を調製した。すなわち、焼成処理によって得られた二酸化チタン顔料129gを純水に分散させ、この溶液に3号水ガラス(ケイ酸ナトリウム水溶液)116.4gを添加し、混合することで、二酸化チタン顔料を含むケイ酸ナトリウム溶液(固形分濃度:175g/L)を調製した。それ以外は実施例4-1と同様にして、シリカをバインダーとした二酸化チタンの複合顔料を得た。実施例4-3の複合顔料の電子顕微鏡写真を図30に示す。また、図30の高倍率拡大図を図33に示す。
各種実施例の複合顔料について、以下のようにして各種粉体物性の測定を行った。その結果を表4-1、4-2に示す。各種粉体物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。以下の測定方法の説明において「試料」とは、各種実施例の複合顔料のことを指す。
レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置(堀場製作所社製 LA-910)を用いて粒度分布を測定した。詳細には、ヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを0.3質量%溶解させた水溶液を分散媒とし、その中に各試料を混合し、装置内で循環・撹拌しながら、超音波を3分照射して十分に分散し、レーザー光による透過率が73±3%となるように調整した後、体積基準で粒度分布を測定した。相対屈折率は2.00-0.00iに設定し、取り込み回数は10回とした。粒度分布を累積分布として表した場合に、累積50%での粒子径をメジアン径D50とし、累積90%での粒子径をD90とした。各試料のD50及びD90の値を表4-1に示す。
また、粒度分布のデータから、試料全体に占める所定大きさの粒子の割合(粒子径が1μm以上のものの割合、粒子径が2μm以上のものの割合、粒子径が5μm以上のものの割合)をそれぞれ算出した。その結果を表4-1に示す。尚、図31には、各種実施例の代表として、実施例4-1の体積累積粒度分布図を示す。
各種実施例の試料を用いて、塗料組成物を調製した。塗料組成物の顔料体積濃度(PVC)は40%、固形分体積濃度(SVC):36.4%に設定した。具体的には、以下の表4-3に記載の原料を、分散機(特殊機化工業製 T.K.ロボミックス、回転数:3000rpm)を用いて5分間撹拌した後、ハイブリッドミキサー(キーエンス製 HM-500)により脱泡し、塗料組成物を得た。
以下の説明では、実施例4-1、4-2、4-3の試料を用いて上述の方法で調製した塗料組成物のことを、それぞれ実施例4-1、4-2、4-3の塗料組成物として扱うものとする。
各種実施例の塗料組成物について、ブルックフィールド型B型回転粘度計(TVB-10形粘度計 東機産業製)を用いて粘度を測定した。測定結果を表4-4に示す。測定は下記条件で行い、50mlメスシリンダー内に塗料組成物を入れ、各回転数(6rpm、60rpm)での粘度を測定した。
ロータ:TM4
測定温度:25℃
<比較例4-1>
市販の艶消し塗料組成物(日本ペイント製 エコフラット60)を準備した。
市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)を準備した。
市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)に、市販の艶消し剤(富士シリシア化学製 サイリシア276)を添加して、艶消し塗料組成物を調製した。艶消し剤の添加量は、グロスエマルション塗料に対して5質量%とした。
各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物について、塗膜にした時の物性評価を行った。その結果を表4-5に示す。尚、塗膜の各種物性の測定方法は以下のとおりである。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の光沢度を、JIS K5600-4-7:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、ガラス板の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、光沢計(BYK-Gardner製 ヘイズ-グロスメーター)を用いて、20°、60°、85°の鏡面光沢度を測定した。
上述の各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の隠蔽率を、JIS K5600-4-1:1999に準拠して測定した。先ず、4ミルのフィルムアプリケーターを用いて、膜厚が約40μmとなるように、隠蔽率試験紙の上に塗料組成物を塗布した。これを乾燥させた後、分光色彩計(日本電色工業製 SD5000)を用いてYb値(黒地部分のY値)とYw値(白地部分のY値)をそれぞれ測定した。また、Yb値とYw値の値から、以下の式に従ってコントラスト比(Contrast Ratio 以下、C.R.)を算出した。
C.R.(%)=Yb値/Yw値×100
また、実施例の塗膜の隠蔽率は、比較例のものとほぼ同程度であり、十分な隠蔽性を有することを確認した。
ここで、比較例4-1の塗料は、高い艶消し効果を発現する前提として、顔料成分の強分散が必要である。これに対して、実施例の複合顔料は、塗料樹脂などに添加して軽く混合するだけで、省力で分散、塗料化することができる点で、優れている。
実施例、比較例の塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜について、触感の滑らかさに関する評価を行った。
本実施例は、上述の本発明の本願第1発明乃至本願第4発明の各実施例及び各比較例を適宜用いて纏め直したものである。具体的には以下のとおりである。
(各種粉体物性(粒度分布、比表面積、吸油量)評価)
実施例5-1乃至5-4は、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]中の実施例1-1乃至1-4の複合顔料にそれぞれ対応する。従って、これら実施例の各種粉体物性(粒度分布、比表面積、吸油量)も、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]における(粉体物性の評価)、(粒度分布の測定)、(比表面積の測定)、(吸油量の測定)にしたがって決定されたもので、具体的には、表1-1に示されているとおりである。なお、表1-1中の比較例1-1乃至1-5は、比較例5-1乃至5-5とした。纏め直した結果を表5-1に示す。
また、実施例5-12と5-13は、上述の[本発明(本願第4発明)の実施例]中の実施例4-1と4-2の複合顔料にそれぞれ対応する。従って、これら実施例の各種粉体物性(粒度分布(累積50%と累積90%の各粒子径(メジアン径))は、上述の[本発明(本願第4発明)の実施例]における(粉体物性の評価)、(粒度分布の測定)にしたがって決定されたもので、具体的には、表4-1に示されているとおりである。なお、比表面積、吸油量、組成)についても、上述の[本発明(本願第2発明)の実施例]における(比表面積の測定)、(吸油量の測定)、(複合顔料等の組成の測定)にしたがって決定された。これらの結果を表5-2に纏める。
表5-7中の実施例の塗料組成物はいずれも、ハンドリング性が良好であることが確認できた。
各種実施例及び比較例の塗料組成物について、塗膜の物性評価の結果を表5-8、5-9に纏める。塗膜の各種物性の測定方法は、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]中の(塗膜物性の評価)、(光沢度の測定)、(隠蔽率の測定)で述べたとおりに測定されたものである。従って、表5-8中の実施例5-1乃至5-4及び比較例5-1乃至5-8はそれぞれ、表1-4の実施例1-1乃至1-4及び比較例1-1乃至1-8に示されている。また、表5-9の各実施例と比較例においては、塗膜強度の測定結果も併記する。塗膜強度の測定結果は、上述の[本発明(本願第2発明)の実施例]中の(塗膜強度の測定)で述べたとおりに測定されたものである。従って、表5-9中の実施例5-5乃至5-11及び比較例5-9の塗膜強度の測定結果はそれぞれ、光沢度(20°、60°)及び隠蔽率(Yb、Yw、C.R.)とともに表2-3中の実施例2-1乃至2-7及び比較例2-1に示されている。
尚、表5-9中の比較例5-10は市販の艶消し塗料組成物(日本ペイント製 エコフラット60)、比較例5-11は市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)、比較例5-12は市販のグロスエマルション塗料(日本ペイント製 水性シリコンセラUV)に、市販の艶消し剤(富士シリシア化学製 サイリシア276、添加量は、グロスエマルション塗料に対して5質量%)を添加して調製した艶消し塗料組成物を用いた結果であり、比較例5-10と5-11の塗膜強度の測定結果についてはそれぞれ、上述の[本発明(本願第2発明)の実施例]の表2-3中の比較例2-1と2-3に示されており、比較例5-10乃至5-12の光沢度(20°、60°、85°)と隠蔽率(Yb、Yw、C.R.)についてはそれぞれ、上述の[本発明(本願第4発明)の実施例]の表4-5中の比較例4-1乃至4-3に示されている。
また、実施例5-1~5-3の透明艶消し塗料組成物の塗膜では、85°の鏡面光沢度は10%以下に抑制されており、いわゆる底艶についても十分に抑制されていた。
更に、実施例の透明艶消し塗料組成物の塗膜の隠蔽率は比較例のものとほぼ同程度であり、低い隠蔽率を維持した。このような透明艶消し塗料組成物は、着色ベース層の上に塗装してもベース層の発色を阻害しないので、着色ベース層の上から塗装するトップコート用の艶消し塗料組成物として好適である。
これらのことは、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]の(隠蔽率の測定)で既述したとおりである。
また、実施例5-5~5-13の塗料組成物の塗膜は、比較例5-9~5-12の塗料組成物と同等程度の実用上十分な隠蔽力を示すものであった。特に、実施例5-1の塗膜は、C.R.値が大きく、比較例のものと比較して高い隠蔽力を実現することができた。
更に、各実施例の塗料組成物の塗膜は、十分な鉛筆硬度を有し、実用上十分な塗膜強度を有することが確認された。
これらのことは、上述の[本発明(本願第2発明)の実施例]の(塗膜強度の測定)及び上述の[本発明(本願第4発明)の実施例]の(隠蔽率の測定)で既述したとおりである。
ここで、比較例5-10の塗料は、高い艶消し効果を発現する前提として、顔料成分の強分散が必要である。これに対して、各実施例の複合顔料は、塗料樹脂などに添加して軽く混合するだけで、省力で分散、塗料化でき、艶消し剤を別途添加することなく低光沢性(艶抑制効果)を有する塗膜を調製できる点で、優れている。
上述の実施例5-1~5-4及び比較例5-1~5-8の透明艶消し塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の艶ムラ評価については、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]中の(塗膜の艶ムラ評価)で述べたとおりである。具体的には、表5-10中の実施例5-1乃至5-4及び比較例5-1乃至5-8はそれぞれ、表1-5の実施例1-1乃至1-4及び比較例1-1乃至1-8に示されている。
上述の実施例5-1~5-4及び比較例5-1~5-8の透明艶消し塗料組成物を塗布して乾燥した塗膜の触感評価については、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]中の(塗膜の触感評価)で述べたとおりである。具体的には、表5-11中の実施例5-1乃至5-4及び比較例5-1乃至5-8の塗膜の触感評価結果はそれぞれ、表1-6の実施例1-1乃至1-4及び比較例1-1乃至1-8に示されている。よって、表中のMMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)の評価や塗膜を実際に指で触ったときの触感評価(○:滑らか、△:ザラつきを感じる、×:ザラつきが大きい)は、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]中の(塗膜の触感評価)で述べたとおりである。
これらのことは、上述の[本発明(本願第1発明)の実施例]の(塗膜の触感評価)で既述したとおりである。
実施例5-5、5-11~5-13の塗料組成物の塗膜は、何れも比較例5-11の塗料組成物の塗膜と比較して、MMD(平均摩擦係数の変動)の値が小さかった。また、MMDの値と実際に塗膜を触ったときの触感とは概ね相関が取れており、各種実施例の触感は良好(滑らか)であった。これらのことは、上述の[本発明(本願第4発明)の実施例]の(塗膜の触感評価)で既述したとおりである。
上述の[本発明(本願第2発明)の実施例]中の(汚染除去性の評価)の実施例2-1と、比較例2-2や2-3との比較で述べたとおり、実施例5-5の塗料組成物の塗膜では、汚れを完全に拭き取ることができたが、比較例5-11の塗料組成物(市販のフラットエマルション塗料)の塗膜では、汚れがほとんど除去できない、あるいは塗膜が剥がれ落ちるという結果になり、比較例5-12の塗料組成物(市販のグロスエマルション塗料と市販の艶消し剤の組み合わせ)の塗膜では、汚れをほぼ除去できることがわかった。
本発明の複合顔料は、無機着色顔料を改質することで塗膜の艶を抑制することができ、低光沢性(艶抑制効果)顔料、艶消し顔料などとして種々の用途に用いることができる。 また、本発明の複合顔料を塗膜に配合したときにも低い光沢と艶を持つ性質と良好な塗膜の触感とを両立させることができるため、低光沢性(艶抑制効果)塗膜、艶消し塗膜などに用いることができる。
本発明の複合顔料は、省力で分散、塗料化でき、高い艶抑制効果を発現可能であることから、低光沢性(艶抑制効果)が求められる塗料組成物に用いる顔料として好適である。
Claims (18)
- 無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物と固着している体質顔料粒子を含んでなる、複合顔料。
- 請求項1に記載の体質顔料粒子の一部を無機着色顔料粒子で置き換えてなる、複合顔料。
- 請求項2に記載の前記体質顔料粒子と前記無機着色顔料粒子の数が、それぞれ2個以上である、複合顔料。
- レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積90%径(D90)が30μm以下である、請求項2又は請求項3に記載の複合顔料。
- レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布における累積50%径(D50)が1μm以上10μm以下である、請求項2乃至請求項4の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- 前記体質顔料が炭酸カルシウム及び/又は硫酸バリウムである、請求項1乃至請求項5の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- 前記無機化合物が無機ケイ素化合物である請求項1乃至請求項6の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- 前記無機着色顔料粒子が亜鉛元素を含有する、請求項2乃至請求項7の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- レーザー回折/散乱式粒度分布測定装置で測定した体積累積分布において、粒子径が2μm以上である前記複合顔料の存在比率が全体の70%以上である、請求項2乃至請求項8の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- 前記無機着色顔料が二酸化チタン顔料である、請求項2乃至請求項9の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- 更に表面処理用無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物を表面に有する、請求項2乃至請求項10の何れかに記載の複合顔料。
- 請求項1乃至請求項11の何れかに記載の複合顔料を含む艶消し用顔料。
- 無機化合物源と体質顔料粒子とを含有するスラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物を析出させて前記体質顔料粒子を固着する、複合顔料の製造方法。
- 無機着色顔料粒子と体質顔料粒子と無機化合物源及び/又は有機化合物を含むスラリーを調製し、撹拌下、前記無機着色顔料粒子と前記体質顔料粒子とを前記無機化合物及び/又は有機化合物で固着する、複合顔料の製造方法。
- 亜鉛元素を含有する無機着色顔料粒子と体質顔料粒子と無機化合物源とを含有するスラリーを調製し、該前記スラリーのpHを調整して、前記無機化合物源に由来する無機化合物の析出によって前記無機着色顔料粒子と前記体質顔料粒子とを固着する、複合顔料の製造方法。
- 請求項1乃至請求項11の何れかに記載の複合顔料及び/又は請求項12に記載の艶消し用顔料と樹脂とを含む塗料組成物。
- アミン価を有する分散剤を含む、請求項16に記載の塗料組成物。
- 請求項16又は請求項17に記載の塗料組成物を含んでなる塗膜。
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