WO2017191149A1 - Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems - Google Patents

Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017191149A1
WO2017191149A1 PCT/EP2017/060452 EP2017060452W WO2017191149A1 WO 2017191149 A1 WO2017191149 A1 WO 2017191149A1 EP 2017060452 W EP2017060452 W EP 2017060452W WO 2017191149 A1 WO2017191149 A1 WO 2017191149A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
negative pressure
driving signal
time
source
amount
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP2017/060452
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ben Alan ASKEM
Victoria Beadle
John Philip GOWANS
Mark Hesketh
Allan Kenneth Frazer Grugeon HUNT
William KELBIE
Damyn Musgrave
Joseph William Robinson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smith and Nephew PLC
Original Assignee
Smith and Nephew PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smith and Nephew PLC filed Critical Smith and Nephew PLC
Priority to AU2017259906A priority Critical patent/AU2017259906B2/en
Priority to US16/098,563 priority patent/US11173240B2/en
Priority to CA3038206A priority patent/CA3038206A1/en
Priority to JP2018554770A priority patent/JP6975170B2/ja
Priority to CN201780024627.2A priority patent/CN109069710B/zh
Priority to EP17721364.2A priority patent/EP3452130B1/en
Publication of WO2017191149A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017191149A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/526,992 priority patent/US12268577B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/05—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads specially adapted for use with sub-pressure or over-pressure therapy, wound drainage or wound irrigation, e.g. for use with negative-pressure wound therapy [NPWT]
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
    • A61M1/74—Suction control
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/90—Negative pressure wound therapy devices, i.e. devices for applying suction to a wound to promote healing, e.g. including a vacuum dressing
    • A61M1/91—Suction aspects of the dressing
    • A61M1/915—Constructional details of the pressure distribution manifold
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/90—Negative pressure wound therapy devices, i.e. devices for applying suction to a wound to promote healing, e.g. including a vacuum dressing
    • A61M1/96—Suction control thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/90—Negative pressure wound therapy devices, i.e. devices for applying suction to a wound to promote healing, e.g. including a vacuum dressing
    • A61M1/96—Suction control thereof
    • A61M1/962—Suction control thereof having pumping means on the suction site, e.g. miniature pump on dressing or dressing capable of exerting suction
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/90—Negative pressure wound therapy devices, i.e. devices for applying suction to a wound to promote healing, e.g. including a vacuum dressing
    • A61M1/96—Suction control thereof
    • A61M1/964—Suction control thereof having venting means on or near the dressing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
    • A61M1/90—Negative pressure wound therapy devices, i.e. devices for applying suction to a wound to promote healing, e.g. including a vacuum dressing
    • A61M1/96—Suction control thereof
    • A61M1/966—Suction control thereof having a pressure sensor on or near the dressing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/02—General characteristics of the apparatus characterised by a particular materials
    • A61M2205/0272—Electro-active or magneto-active materials
    • A61M2205/0294—Piezoelectric materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3327—Measuring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3344—Measuring or controlling pressure at the body treatment site
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A61M2205/502—User interfaces, e.g. screens or keyboards
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
    • A61M2205/52—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers with memories providing a history of measured variating parameters of apparatus or patient
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/58—Means for facilitating use, e.g. by people with impaired vision
    • A61M2205/587—Lighting arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
    • A61M2205/8206—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated
    • A61M2205/8212—Internal energy supply devices battery-operated with means or measures taken for minimising energy consumption

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to methods and apparatuses for dressing and treating a wound with negative or reduced pressure therapy or topical negative pressure (TNP) therapy.
  • embodiments disclosed herein relate to negative pressure therapy devices, methods for controlling the operation of TNP systems, and methods of using TNP systems.
  • an apparatus for applying negative pressure to a wound can include a source of negative pressure, a driving circuit, and a controller.
  • the source of negative pressure can provide negative pressure via a fluid flow path to a wound dressing.
  • the driving circuit can supply a driving signal to the source of negative pressure to cause the source of negative pressure to provide negative pressure.
  • the driving signal can have a driving signal magnitude and a driving signal frequency.
  • the controller can, while the source of negative pressure is maintaining negative pressure under the wound dressing within a pressure range, iteratively and at an operating frequency: determine the driving signal magnitude detected at a first time and the driving signal magnitude detected at a second time subsequent to the first time, compare the driving signal magnitude detected at the first time and the driving signal magnitude detected at the second time, in response to the driving signal magnitude detected at the first time being less than the driving signal magnitude detected at the second time, operate the driving circuit to increase the driving signal frequency, and in response to the driving signal magnitude detected at the first time being greater than the driving signal magnitude detected at the second time, operate the driving circuit to decrease the driving signal frequency.
  • the apparatus of the preceding paragraph can include one or more of the following features:
  • the controller can to operate the driving circuit so that the driving signal frequency matches an initial frequency when the driving circuit activates the source of negative pressure to begin providing negative pressure, and the controller can operate the driving circuit to increase or decrease the driving signal frequency within a first period of time following the driving circuit activating the source of negative pressure.
  • the source of negative pressure can have a mechanical resonance frequency, and the mechanical resonance frequency can be greater than the initial frequency.
  • the source of negative pressure can have a mechanical resonance frequency, and the mechanical resonance frequency can be less than the initial frequency.
  • the mechanical resonance frequency can be between 5 kHz and 100 kHz.
  • the first period of time can be between 1 msec and 1 min.
  • the driving signal magnitude detected at the second time in a first iteration can be used as the driving signal magnitude detected at the first time in a second iteration subsequent to the first iteration.
  • the first iteration and the second iteration may not be separated by another iteration.
  • the controller can: operate the driving circuit to increase the driving signal frequency by a first amount; and operate the driving circuit to decrease the driving signal frequency by a second amount.
  • the first amount can be the same as the second amount.
  • the first amount can be different from the second amount.
  • the first amount or the second amount can vary over time.
  • the first amount or the second amount can be constant over a second period of time while the source of negative pressure is maintaining negative pressure under the wound dressing within the pressure range.
  • the second period of time can be between 10 sec and 10 min.
  • the first amount or the second amount can be between 1 Hz and 1000 Hz.
  • the operating frequency can vary over time.
  • the operating frequency can be constant over a third period of time while the source of negative pressure is maintaining negative pressure under the wound dressing within the pressure range.
  • the third period of time can be between 10 sec and 10 min.
  • the operating frequency can be between 0.1 Hz and 100 Hz.
  • the source of negative pressure can include a piezoelectric pump.
  • the source of negative pressure can include a micropump.
  • the source of negative pressure can perform negative pressure wound therapy when negative pressure under the wound dressing is maintained within the pressure range.
  • the apparatus can further include the wound dressing, and the source of negative pressure can be disposed on or within the wound dressing.
  • the driving circuit can include an H-bridge circuit.
  • the controller can further provide a control signal to the driving circuit, and the controller can control the driving signal by adjusting a pulse width modulation of the control signal.
  • the driving circuit can supply the driving signal by supplying an electrical voltage across input terminals of the source of negative pressure via the coupling circuit, and the electrical voltage can range from greater than -50 V to less than +50 V.
  • the driving signal can include an electrical current.
  • a method of operating a negative pressure wound therapy apparatus can include: supplying a driving signal at a first time and at a second time to a source of negative pressure, the driving signal having a driving signal magnitude and a driving signal frequency, the second time being subsequent to the first time; providing negative pressure via a fluid flow path to a wound dressing with the source of negative pressure responsive to the driving signal; determining the driving signal magnitude at the first time and the driving signal magnitude at the second time; comparing the driving signal magnitude at the first time and the driving signal magnitude at the second time; in response to the driving signal magnitude at the first time being less than the driving signal magnitude at the second time, increasing the driving signal frequency supplied to the source of negative pressure; and in response to the driving signal magnitude at the first time being greater than the driving signal magnitude at the second time, decreasing the driving signal frequency supplied to the source of negative pressure.
  • the method of the preceding paragraph can include one or more of the following features:
  • the increasing the driving signal frequency can include increasing the driving signal frequency by a first amount; and the decreasing the driving signal frequency can include decreasing the driving signal frequency by a second amount.
  • the first amount can be the same as the second amount.
  • the first amount can be different from the second amount.
  • the first amount or the second amount can be between 1 Hz and 1000 Hz.
  • the source of negative pressure can include a piezoelectric pump.
  • the source of negative pressure can include a micropump.
  • the driving signal can include an electrical current.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a negative pressure therapy system according to some embodiments.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B respectively illustrate a side view and top view of a negative pressure therapy system according to some embodiments, such as the negative pressure therapy system of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of electrical communication paths between a power source, control circuitry, and negative pressure source, as well as components of the control circuitry, according to some embodiments.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate simplified circuit components of a driving circuit according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 4C illustrates circuit components of a driving circuit according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates circuit components of a coupling circuit according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a therapy control process performable by a negative pressure therapy system according to some embodiments.
  • the present disclosure relates to methods and apparatuses for dressing and treating a wound with reduced pressure therapy or topical negative pressure (TNP) therapy.
  • TNP topical negative pressure
  • embodiments of this disclosure relate to negative pressure therapy apparatuses, methods for controlling the operation of TNP systems, and methods of using TNP systems.
  • the methods and apparatuses can incorporate or implement any combination of the features described below.
  • TNP therapy sometimes referred to as vacuum assisted closure, negative pressure wound therapy, or reduced pressure wound therapy, can be a beneficial mechanism for improving the healing rate of a wound.
  • Such therapy is applicable to a broad range of wounds such as incisional wounds, open wounds and abdominal wounds or the like.
  • TNP therapy can assist in the closure and healing of wounds by reducing tissue oedema, encouraging blood flow, stimulating the formation of granulation tissue, removing excess exudates, and reducing bacterial load and thus, infection to the wound. Furthermore, TNP therapy can permit less outside disturbance of the wound and promote more rapid healing.
  • reduced or negative pressure levels represent pressure levels that are below atmospheric pressure, which typically corresponds to 760 mmHg (or 1 atm, 29.93 inHg, 101.325 kPa, 14.696 psi, etc.).
  • a negative pressure value of -X mmHg reflects pressure that is X mmHg below atmospheric pressure, such as a pressure of (760-X) mmHg.
  • negative pressure that is "less” or "smaller” than -X mmHg corresponds to pressure that is closer to atmospheric pressure (e.g., -40 mmHg is less than -60 mmHg).
  • Negative pressure that is "more” or “greater” than -X mmHg corresponds to pressure that is further from atmospheric pressure (e.g., -80 mmHg is more than -60 mmHg).
  • Control circuitry of a TNP apparatus can supply a driving signal (for example, an electrical current) to a negative pressure source and vary a frequency of the driving signal (for instance, an AC waveform frequency of the electrical current). By varying the frequency over time (for example, to match a mechanical resonance frequency of a piezoelectric pump of the negative pressure source), the control circuitry can tune the transfer of power to the negative pressure source to maximize an amount of power transferred to the negative pressure source.
  • the TNP apparatus can automatically accommodate for component variances attributable to, for example, operating temperatures or manufacturing differences and operate the negative pressure source at an optimum or near optimum power level.
  • the resonance frequency of the negative pressure source can vary in response to, for example, variations in temperature, humidity, and the like.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a negative pressure therapy system 100 that includes a TNP apparatus 1 1 and a wound 14.
  • the TNP apparatus 1 1 can be used to treat the wound 14.
  • the TNP apparatus 1 1 can include control circuitry 12A, memory 12B, a negative pressure source 12C, a user interface 12D, a power source 12E, a first pressure sensor 12F, and a second pressure sensor 12G that are configured to electrically communicate with one another.
  • the TNP apparatus 1 1 can include a wound dressing 13.
  • the power source 12E can provide power to one or more components of the TNP apparatus 1 1.
  • control circuitry 12A, memory device 12B, negative pressure source 12C, user interface 12D, power source 12E, first pressure sensor 12F, and second pressure sensor 12G can be integral with, incorporated as part of, attached to, or disposed in the wound dressing 13.
  • the TNP apparatus 1 1 can accordingly be considered to have its control electronics and pump on-board the wound dressing 13 rather than separate from the wound dressing 13.
  • the control circuitry 12A can include one or more controllers (for example, a microcontroller or microprocessor), activation circuits, boost converters, current limiters, feedback conditioning circuits, and H-bridge inverters.
  • the control circuitry 12A can control the operations of one or more other components of the TNP apparatus 1 1 according at least to instructions stored in the memory device 12B.
  • the control circuitry 12A can, for instance, control operations of and supply of negative pressure by the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the negative pressure source 12C can include a pump, such as, without limitation, a rotary diaphragm pump or other diaphragm pump, a piezoelectric pump, a peristaltic pump, a piston pump, a rotary vane pump, a liquid ring pump, a scroll pump, a pump operated by a piezoelectric transducer, or any other suitable pump or micropump or any combinations of the foregoing.
  • the pump can include an actuator driven by a source of energy, such as electrical energy, mechanical energy, and the like.
  • the actuator can be an electric motor, a piezoelectric transducer, a voice coil actuator, an electroactive polymer, a shape-memory alloy, a comb drive, a hydraulic motor, a pneumatic actuator, a screw jack, a servomechanism, a solenoid actuator, a stepper motor, a plunger, a combustion engine, and the like.
  • the negative pressure source 12C can supply negative pressure by converting electrical energy to mechanical energy without converting the electrical energy to magnetic energy.
  • the pump can have a different impact when electrically coupled to one or more other components of the control circuitry 12A than if the negative pressure source 12C supplied negative pressure by converting the electrical energy to the magnetic energy and then to the mechanical energy.
  • the user interface 12D can include one or more elements that receive user inputs or provide user outputs to a patient or caregiver.
  • the one or more elements that receive user inputs can include buttons, switches, dials, touch screens, or the like, and the one or more elements that provide user outputs can include activation of a light emitting diode (LED) or one or more pixels of the display or activation of a speaker or the like.
  • the user interface 12D can include a switch to receive user inputs (for instance, a negative pressure activation or deactivation input) and two LEDs to indicate an operating status (for example, functioning normally, under fault condition, or awaiting user input) of the TNP apparatus 1 1.
  • the first pressure sensor 12F can be used to monitor pressure underneath the wound dressing 13, such as pressure in a fluid flow path connecting the negative pressure source 12C and the wound 14, pressure at the wound 14, or pressure in the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the second pressure sensor 12G can be used to monitor pressure external to the wound dressing 13.
  • the pressure external to the wound dressing can be atmospheric pressure; however, the atmospheric pressure can vary depending on, for instance, an altitude of use or pressurized environment in which the TNP apparatus 1 1 may be used.
  • the control circuitry 12A can control the supply of negative pressure by the negative pressure source 12C according at least to a comparison between the pressure monitored by the first pressure sensor 12F and the pressure monitored by the second pressure sensor 12G.
  • the wound dressing 13 can include a wound contact layer, a spacer layer, and an absorbent layer.
  • the wound contact layer can be in contact with the wound 14.
  • the wound contact layer can include an adhesive on the patient facing side for securing the dressing to the skin surrounding the wound 14 or on the top side for securing the wound contact layer to a cover layer or other layer of the wound dressing 13.
  • the wound contact layer can provide unidirectional flow so as to facilitate removal of exudate from the wound while blocking or substantially preventing exudate from returning to the wound 14.
  • the spacer layer can assist in distributing negative pressure over the wound site and facilitating transport of wound exudate and fluids into the wound dressing 13.
  • the absorbent layer can absorb and retain exudate aspirated from the wound 14.
  • the control circuitry 12A can monitor the activity of the negative pressure source 12C, which may include monitoring a duty cycle of the negative pressure source 12C (for example, the duty cycle of the actuator of the negative pressure source).
  • a duty cycle of the negative pressure source 12C for example, the duty cycle of the actuator of the negative pressure source.
  • the "duty cycle” can reflect the amount of time the negative pressure source 12C is active or running over a period of time. In other words, the duty cycle can reflect time that the negative pressure source 12C is in an active state as a fraction of total time under consideration.
  • Duty cycle measurements can reflect a level of activity of the negative pressure source 12C. For example, the duty cycle can indicate that the negative pressure source 12C is operating normally, working hard, working extremely hard, etc.
  • the duty cycle measurements can reflect various operating conditions, such as presence or severity of leaks, rate of flow of fluid (for instance, air, liquid, or solid exudate, etc.) aspirated from a wound, or the like.
  • the controller can execute or be programmed to execute algorithms or logic that control the operation of the system.
  • duty cycle measurements can indicate presence of a high leak, and the control circuitry 12A can be programmed to indicate this condition to a user (for instance, patient, caregiver, or physician) or temporarily suspend or pause operation of the source of negative pressure in order to conserve power.
  • the wound dressing 13 can create a substantially sealed or closed space around the wound 13 and under the wound dressing 13, and the first pressure sensor 12F can periodically or continuously measure or monitor a level of pressure in this space.
  • the control circuitry 12A can control the level of pressure in the space between a first negative pressure set point limit and at least a second negative pressure set point limit.
  • the first set point limit can be approximately -70 mmHg, or from approximately -60 mmHg or less to approximately -80 mmHg or more.
  • the second set point limit can be approximately -90 mmHg, or from approximately -80 mmHg or less to approximately -100 mmHg or more.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a side view of a negative pressure therapy system 200
  • FIG. 2B illustrates a top view of the negative pressure therapy system 200
  • the negative pressure therapy system 200 can be an example implementation of the negative pressure therapy system 100.
  • the wound dressing 13 of the TNP apparatus 1 1 is shown as attached to the wound 14. Arrows depict the flow of air through the wound dressing 13 and wound exudate from the wound 14.
  • the TNP apparatus 1 1 can include an air exhaust 26 and a component area 25, such as a components housing or storage area for components of the TNP apparatus 1 1 like one or more of the control circuitry 12A, memory device 12B, negative pressure source 12C, user interface 12D, power source 12E, first pressure sensor 12F, and second pressure sensor 12G.
  • the user interface 12D of the negative pressure therapy system 200 can include a switch 21 (such as a dome switch), a first indicator 23 (such as a first LED), and a second indicator 24 (such as a second LED).
  • the switch 21 can receive a negative pressure activation or deactivation user input (for example, such as receiving the activation or deactivation user input in response to depression of the switch 21 for a period of time, like from between 0.5 seconds and 5 seconds).
  • the first indicator 23 and the second indicator 24 can indicate an operating status like functioning normally, under fault condition, or awaiting user input.
  • the switch 21 can couple to a power supply connection of the negative pressure source 12C or the control circuitry 12A or an enable signal of the negative pressure source 12C or the control circuitry 12A to activate or deactivate supply of negative pressure or disable supply of negative pressure.
  • Component parts of the wound dressing 13 of the negative pressure therapy system 200 are illustrated to include an airlock layer 27, an absorbing layer 28, and a contact layer 29.
  • the airlock layer 27 can enable air flow.
  • the absorbing layer 28 can absorb wound exudate.
  • the contact layer 29 can be soft and include silicon and be used to couple the TNP apparatus 1 1 to the patient.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram 300 depicting example electrical communication paths between the power source 12D, control circuitry 12A, and negative pressure source 12C, as well as example components of the control circuitry 12A including a controller 31 , a current limiter 32, a driving circuit 33, a feedback conditioner 34, and the coupling circuit 35.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in particular, how the controller 31 can be used to control the supply of negative pressure by the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the power source 12D can include one or more power supplies, such as batteries (such as, multiple 3 V batteries) or a connection to mains power, to provide power for one or more components of the TNP apparatus 1 1 .
  • the power source 12D can, for instance, provide electrical current and voltage to the current limiter 32.
  • the voltage output by the power source 12D can be around 30 V, such as 29 V ⁇ 1 V, in some implementations.
  • the power source 12D can additionally include circuitry, such as a boost converter, to control the electrical current and voltage provided to the current limiter 32.
  • the current limiter 32 can serve to limit or clamp the current at a maximum current level, such as at 100 mA, 250 mA, 466 mA, 500 mA, or 1 A, to limit potential fault current through the driving circuit 33 and the negative pressure source 12C. Under normal operation (for example, in most or some instances), the current limiter 32 may not operate to limit current or voltage.
  • the current limiter 32 can provide electric current and voltage to the driving circuit 33.
  • the driving circuit 33 can include an H-bridge circuit composed of multiple switches.
  • the H-bridge can be constructed to operate as an H-bridge inverter.
  • the driving circuit 33 can provide feedback to the controller 31 via the feedback conditioner 34.
  • the feedback conditioner 34 can be used, for instance, to condition current feedback information from the driving circuit 33 before the current feedback information is provided to the controller 31.
  • the feedback conditioner 34 can include a low-pass filter (which can, for example, include active circuit components) to filter switching noise caused by the switching of one or more switches of the driving circuit 33.
  • the controller 31 can, in turn, control the operations of the driving circuit 33 based on the feedback, in some instances.
  • the controller 31 can control operations of the driving circuit 33, and in turn the negative pressure source 12C, by outputting one or more control signals via one or more outputs of the controller 31 to one or more inputs of the driving circuit 33.
  • the controller 31 can output a first control signal via a first output 01 of the controller 31 to a first input 11 of the driving circuit 33 and a second control signal via a second output 02 of the controller 31 to a second input I2 of the driving circuit 33.
  • the controller 31 can vary a pulse width modulation (PWM) of the first and second control signals to adjust an electrical current and voltage provided by the driving circuit 33 to the coupling circuit 35 and then to the negative pressure source 12C.
  • PWM pulse width modulation
  • the driving circuit 33 can include an H-bridge, and the controller 31 can generate the first and second control signals to cause the H-bridge to output electrical currents and voltages having a square waveform (such as about ⁇ 30 V) with a frequency (such as 18 kHz to 24 kHz or about 21 kHz) and a duty cycle or ratio (such as about 50%) via a first output 01 of the driving circuit 33 and a second output 02 of the driving circuit 33.
  • a square waveform such as about ⁇ 30 V
  • a frequency such as 18 kHz to 24 kHz or about 21 kHz
  • a duty cycle or ratio such as about 50%
  • the driving circuit 33 can control supply negative pressure by the negative pressure source 12C by providing electrical currents and voltages to the negative pressure source 12C (for example, to the actuator of the negative pressure source 12C) via the coupling circuit 35.
  • the driving circuit 33 can, for instance, output electrical currents via the first and second outputs 01 and 02 of the driving circuit 33 to a first input 11 of the coupling circuit 35 and a second input I2 of the coupling circuit 35.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can, in turn, output electrical currents via a first output 01 of the coupling circuit 35 and a second output 02 of the coupling circuit 35 to a first input 11 of the negative pressure source 12C and a second input I2 of the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the electrical currents output by the driving circuit 33 and the coupling circuit 35 can notably be considered to result in positive charge flowing away from the driving circuit 33 (that is, sourcing of electrical current by the driving circuit 33) or toward the driving circuit 33 (that is, sinking of electrical current by the driving circuit 33).
  • the coupling circuit 35 can serve to limit a rate of change over time of the current supplied by the driving circuit 33 to the negative pressure source 12C or limit a rate of change over time of a voltage across first and second inputs 11 and I2 of the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can have an inductive reactance greater than 1 mQ, 5 mO, 10 mQ, 50 mQ, 100 mQ, 500 mQ, 750 mQ at an operating frequency of 1 kHz.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can include passive circuit elements and not include active circuit elements, but in other embodiments, the coupling circuit 35 can include one or both of passive circuit elements and active circuit elements.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B illustrate example simplified circuit components of the driving circuit 33.
  • the driving circuit 33 can be composed of at least four switches, including a first switch S1 , a second switch S2, a third switch S3, and a fourth switch S4 but together form an H-bridge.
  • the first and fourth switches S1 and S4 can be closed at the same time and the second and third switches S2 and S3 can be opened at the same time, as shown in FIG. 4A, to supply a first current i1 in a first direction through the coupling circuit 35 and the negative pressure source 12C.
  • FIG. 4C illustrates example circuit components of the driving circuit 33 (an H-bridge in the illustrated example) that include a resistor 42.
  • the electrical current that travels through the resistor 42 can be the same or substantially the same as the electrical current that travels through the coupling circuit 35 and the negative pressure source 12C (for example, the actuator of the negative pressure source 12C).
  • a feedback provided to the feedback conditioner 34 can, for instance, be a voltage level or drop across the resistor 42, which can be proportional to the electrical current that travels through the resistor 42, as well as the electrical current that travels through the coupling circuit 35 and the negative pressure source 12C.
  • Resistor 42 thus can be used to measure one or more properties of the electrical current, such as a magnitude, that is fed to the negative pressure source 12C via the coupling circuit 35, such as via an inductor of the coupling circuit 35 like an inductor 52 described with respect to FIG. 5.
  • the resistor 42 can be coupled to a low-pass filter, as described herein.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates example circuit components of the coupling circuit 35.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can include the inductor 52 electrically coupled in series between the first output 01 of the driving circuit 33 and the first input 11 of the negative pressure source 12C, and a wire or an electrical short 54 electrically coupled in series between the second output 02 of the driving circuit 33 and the second input I2 of the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the inductor 52 can have an inductance ranging from 0.1 ⁇ to 1000 ⁇ , 1 ⁇ to 100 ⁇ , or 3 ⁇ to 10 ⁇ , or an inductance of about 7.5 ⁇ .
  • the inductor 52 can have a maximum current rating of greater than 0.25 A, 0.5 A, 0.75 A, 1 A, or 1.25 A.
  • the inductor 52 can be used to oppose rapid changes in a voltage or current supplied to drive the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can include a first wire or a first electrical short electrically coupled in series between the first output 01 of the driving circuit 33 and the first input 11 of the negative pressure source 12C, and a second wire or a second electrical short electrically coupled in series between the second output 02 of the driving circuit 33 and the second input 12 of the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can include a first wire or a first electrical short electrically coupled in series between the first output 01 of the driving circuit 33 and the first input 11 of the negative pressure source 12C, and an inductor (such as the inductor 52) electrically coupled in series between the second output 02 of the driving circuit 33 and the second input I2 of the negative pressure source 12C.
  • the coupling circuit 35 can include a first inductor (such as the inductor 52) electrically coupled in series between the first output 01 of the driving circuit 33 and the first input 11 of the negative pressure source 12C, and a second inductor (such as the inductor 52) electrically coupled in series between the second output 02 of the driving circuit 33 and the second input I2 of the negative pressure source 12C.
  • a first inductor such as the inductor 52
  • a second inductor such as the inductor 52
  • one or more active elements can be used in place of or in addition to one or more inductors.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a therapy control process 600 performable by an apparatus, such as the TNP apparatus 1 1.
  • the therapy control process 600 is described in the context of the TNP apparatus 1 1 , but may instead be implemented in other systems described herein or by other computing systems not shown.
  • the therapy control process 600 can be an iterative process by which a TNP apparatus tunes the transfer of power (for example, by adjusting parameters of a driving signal) to a negative pressure source to maximize an amount of power transferred to the negative pressure source and thereby improve the efficiency (which, for example, can be measured by a more efficient power consumption).
  • the therapy control process 600 may begin within a period of time after startup of the TNP apparatus, such as within 0.001 , 0.01 , 0.1 , 0.5, 1 , 2, or 5 minutes of starting supply of pressure with the negative pressure source.
  • the therapy control process 600 can initiate with a particular driving signal energy having an initial magnitude and an initial frequency (for example, an electrical current having an initial current magnitude and an initial current frequency) already being provided to negative pressure source.
  • the initial frequency can be less than or greater than a mechanical resonant frequency (for example, which can be 1 , 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 kHz) of the negative pressure source.
  • the therapy control process 600 can determine a current magnitude of an electrical current at a previous time and at a next time.
  • the controller 31 can determine a current magnitude of an electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 to the coupling circuit 35 and the negative pressure source 12C at a previous time and at a next time.
  • the previous time can be a time prior to the next time.
  • the previous time can, for instance, be a time during an immediately previous iteration to the next time or a time during two or more iterations previous to the next time.
  • the controller 31 can determine the current magnitude (or a value indicative thereof) from the feedback provided by the feedback conditioner 34.
  • the therapy control process 600 can compare the current magnitude at the previous time and the next time.
  • the controller 31 can compare the current magnitude of the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 at the previous time and the current magnitude of the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 at the next time.
  • the therapy control process 600 can determine if the current magnitude at the previous time is less than at the next time. For example, the controller 31 can determine if the current magnitude of the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 at the previous time is less than the current magnitude of the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 at the next time.
  • the therapy control process 600 can at block 64 increase a current frequency of the electrical current.
  • the controller 31 can increase the frequency of the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 by an increase amount (for example, 1 , 3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 70, 100, 200, 300, 500, 700, 850, 1000, 2000, or 5000 Hz).
  • the therapy control process 600 can at block 65 decrease a current frequency of the electrical current.
  • the controller 31 can at block 65 decrease the frequency of the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit 33 by a decrease amount (for example, 1 , 3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 70, 100, 200, 300, 500, 700, 850, 1000, 2000, or 5000 Hz).
  • the increase amount and decrease amount can be the same or different from one another in some instances or implementations. Moreover, the increase amount or decrease amount can vary over time or be constant for a period of time (for example, 1 , 3, 10, 30, or 60 seconds or 1 , 3, 5, 10, or 30 minutes).
  • the therapy control process 600 can determine whether to return to block 61 or end.
  • the controller 31 can determine whether to repeat the therapy control process 600, such as by repeating the therapy control process 600 with a repeat frequency (for example, that may be 0.01 , 0.03, 0.1 , 0.3, 0.5, 1 , 3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, 3000, or 5000 Hz and vary or be constant over a period of time, such as 1 , 3, 10, 30, or 60 seconds or 1 , 3, 5, 10, or 30 minutes) or in response to a triggering event (such as a detected change in temperate of the TNP apparatus measured by a temperature sensor).
  • a repeat frequency for example, that may be 0.01 , 0.03, 0.1 , 0.3, 0.5, 1 , 3, 5, 10, 30, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, 3000, or 5000 Hz and vary or be constant over a period of time, such as 1 , 3, 10, 30, or 60 seconds or 1 , 3, 5, 10, or 30 minutes
  • a mechanical resonant frequency of the negative pressure source can be "searched" (for instance, continuously or periodically) during provision of therapy by attempting to adjust the initial frequency to more closely match the mechanical resonant frequency.
  • the mechanical resonant frequency thus may not be known in advance of operating the TNP apparatus or known with a high precision or accuracy, and yet the frequency of the energy provided to the negative pressure source can be made to substantially match the mechanical resonant frequency.
  • the frequency of the energy provided to the negative pressure source can be made to follow the mechanical resonant frequency as the mechanical resonant frequency may change due to the changing operating conditions, which in the case of the negative pressure source being mounted on or within the wound dressing can include a changing temperature, duration of operation, humidity, or the like.
  • an apparatus for applying negative pressure to a wound includes a source of negative pressure, a driving circuit, a sensor, and a controller.
  • the source of negative pressure can provide negative pressure via a fluid flow path to a wound dressing placed over the wound.
  • the driving circuit can supply an electrical current to the source of negative pressure to cause the source of negative pressure to provide negative pressure.
  • the electrical current can have a current magnitude and a current frequency.
  • the sensor can detect the current magnitude.
  • the controller can, while the source of negative pressure is providing negative pressure to the wound dressing, iteratively and at a first operating frequency: determine the current magnitude detected at a previous time and the current magnitude detected at a next time subsequent to the previous time; compare the current magnitude detected at the previous time and the current magnitude detected at the next time; in response to the current magnitude detected at the previous time being less than the current magnitude detected at the next time, operate the driving circuit to increase (or decrease) the current frequency; and in response to the current magnitude detected at the previous time being greater than the current magnitude detected at the next time, operate the driving circuit to decrease (or increase) the current frequency.
  • the apparatus of the preceding paragraph can include one or more of the following features:
  • the controller can operate the driving circuit so that the current frequency matches an initial frequency when the driving circuit activates the source of negative pressure to begin providing negative pressure, and the controller can operate the driving circuit to increase or decrease the current frequency within a first period of time from the driving circuit activating the source of negative pressure.
  • the source of negative pressure can have a mechanical resonance frequency, and the mechanical resonance frequency can be greater than the initial frequency.
  • the source of negative pressure can have a mechanical resonance frequency, and the mechanical resonance frequency can be less than the initial frequency.
  • the source of negative pressure can have a mechanical resonance frequency with one or more subharmonic or harmonic frequencies
  • the controller can operate the driving circuit to increase or decrease the current frequency so that the current frequency is not one of the one or more subharmonic or harmonic frequencies or remains outside of one or more frequency ranges that include the one or more subharmonic or harmonic frequencies.
  • the mechanical resonance frequency can be between 5 KHz and 100 kHz, such as around 20 KHz, 22 kHz, or 24 kHz or greater or less than 5 KHz and 100 kHz.
  • the first period of time can be between 1 msec and 1 min, such as around 1 msec, 10 msec, 100 msec, or 1 sec or greater or less than 1 msec and 1 min.
  • the current magnitude detected at the next time in a first iteration is the current magnitude detected at the previous time in a second iteration subsequent to the first iteration.
  • the first iteration and the second iteration may not be separated by another iteration.
  • the controller can: operate the driving circuit to increase the current frequency by a first amount; and operate the driving circuit to decrease the current frequency by a second amount.
  • the first amount can be the same as the second amount.
  • the first amount can be different from the second amount.
  • the first amount or the second amount can vary over time.
  • the first amount or the second amount can be constant over a second period of time while the source of negative pressure is providing negative pressure to the wound dressing.
  • the second period of time can be between 10 sec and 10 min, such as around 10 sec, 1 min, or 10 min or greater or less than 10 sec and 10 min.
  • the first amount or the second amount can be between 1 Hz and 1000 Hz, such as around 1 Hz, 10 Hz, 100 Hz, or 1000 Hz or greater or less than 1 Hz and 1000 Hz.
  • the first operating frequency can vary over time.
  • the first operating frequency can be constant over a third period of time while the source of negative pressure is providing negative pressure to the wound dressing.
  • the third period of time can be between 10 sec and 10 min, such as around 10 sec, 1 min, or 10 min or greater or less than 10 sec and 10 min.
  • the first operating frequency can be between 0.1 Hz and 100 Hz, such as around 0.1 Hz, 1 Hz, 10 Hz, or 100 Hz or greater or less than 0.1 Hz and 100 Hz.
  • the source of negative pressure can include a piezoelectric pump.
  • the source of negative pressure can be a micropump.
  • the source of negative pressure can be disposed on or within the wound dressing.
  • the driving circuit can include an H-bridge.
  • the controller can provide a control signal to the driving circuit, and the controller can control the electrical current supplied by the driving circuit by adjusting a pulse width modulation of the control signal.
  • the driving circuit can supply an electrical voltage across input terminals of the source of negative pressure via the coupling circuit, and the electrical voltage can range from greater than -50 V to less than +50 V.
  • any value of a threshold, limit, duration, etc. provided herein is not intended to be absolute and, thereby, can be approximate.
  • any threshold, limit, duration, etc. provided herein can be fixed or varied either automatically or by a user.
  • relative terminology such as exceeds, greater than, less than, etc. in relation to a reference value is intended to also encompass being equal to the reference value. For example, exceeding a reference value that is positive can encompass being equal to or greater than the reference value.
  • relative terminology such as exceeds, greater than, less than, etc. in relation to a reference value is intended to also encompass an inverse of the disclosed relationship, such as below, less than, greater than, etc. in relations to the reference value.
  • blocks of the various processes may be described in terms of determining whether a value meets or does not meet a particular threshold, the blocks can be similarly understood, for example, in terms of a value (i) being below or above a threshold or (ii) satisfying or not satisfying a threshold.
  • the various components illustrated in the figures may be implemented as software or firmware on a processor, controller, ASIC, FPGA, or dedicated hardware.
  • Hardware components such as processors, ASICs, FPGAs, and the like, can include logic circuitry.
  • User interface screens illustrated and described herein can include additional or alternative components. These components can include menus, lists, buttons, text boxes, labels, radio buttons, scroll bars, sliders, checkboxes, combo boxes, status bars, dialog boxes, windows, and the like. User interface screens can include additional or alternative information. Components can be arranged, grouped, displayed in any suitable order.
  • Conditional language such as “can,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” unless specifically stated otherwise, or otherwise understood within the context as used, is generally intended to convey that certain embodiments include, while other embodiments do not include, certain features, elements, or steps. Thus, such conditional language is not generally intended to imply that features, elements, or steps are in any way required for one or more embodiments or that one or more embodiments necessarily include logic for deciding, with or without user input or prompting, whether these features, elements, or steps are included or are to be performed in any particular embodiment.
  • the terms “comprising,” “including,” “having,” and the like are synonymous and are used inclusively, in an open-ended fashion, and do not exclude additional elements, features, acts, operations, and so forth.
  • the term "or” is used in its inclusive sense (and not in its exclusive sense) so that when used, for example, to connect a list of elements, the term “or” means one, some, or all of the elements in the list.
  • the term “each,” as used herein, in addition to having its ordinary meaning, can mean any subset of a set of elements to which the term “each” is applied.
  • the terms “generally parallel” and “substantially parallel” refer to a value, amount, or characteristic that departs from exactly parallel by less than or equal to 15 degrees, 10 degrees, 5 degrees, 3 degrees, 1 degree, or 0.1 degree.

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AU2017259906A AU2017259906B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2017-05-03 Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems
US16/098,563 US11173240B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2017-05-03 Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems
CA3038206A CA3038206A1 (en) 2016-05-03 2017-05-03 Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems
JP2018554770A JP6975170B2 (ja) 2016-05-03 2017-05-03 陰圧療法システムにおける陰圧源への電力伝送の最適化
CN201780024627.2A CN109069710B (zh) 2016-05-03 2017-05-03 优化到负压治疗系统中的负压源的功率传输
EP17721364.2A EP3452130B1 (en) 2016-05-03 2017-05-03 Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems
US17/526,992 US12268577B2 (en) 2016-05-03 2021-11-15 Optimizing power transfer to negative pressure sources in negative pressure therapy systems

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