US20100211029A1 - Aspiration system for removing liquid other than urine discharged by the human body - Google Patents
Aspiration system for removing liquid other than urine discharged by the human body Download PDFInfo
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- US20100211029A1 US20100211029A1 US12/738,332 US73833208A US2010211029A1 US 20100211029 A1 US20100211029 A1 US 20100211029A1 US 73833208 A US73833208 A US 73833208A US 2010211029 A1 US2010211029 A1 US 2010211029A1
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- liquid
- sensor
- interface device
- aspiration system
- body interface
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/44—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the integumentary system, e.g. skin, hair or nails
- A61B5/441—Skin evaluation, e.g. for skin disorder diagnosis
- A61B5/445—Evaluating skin irritation or skin trauma, e.g. rash, eczema, wound, bed sore
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
- A61F5/4404—Details or parts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
- A61F5/451—Genital or anal receptacles
- A61F5/453—Genital or anal receptacles for collecting urine or other discharge from male member
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/44—Devices worn by the patient for reception of urine, faeces, catamenial or other discharge; Portable urination aids; Colostomy devices
- A61F5/451—Genital or anal receptacles
- A61F5/455—Genital or anal receptacles for collecting urine or discharge from female member
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/73—Suction drainage systems comprising sensors or indicators for physical values
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/71—Suction drainage systems
- A61M1/74—Suction control
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/84—Drainage tubes; Aspiration tips
- A61M1/87—Details of the aspiration tip, not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
- A61F2013/00361—Plasters
- A61F2013/00365—Plasters use
- A61F2013/00536—Plasters use for draining or irrigating wounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2202/00—Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
- A61M2202/04—Liquids
- A61M2202/0496—Urine
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3306—Optical measuring means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3317—Electromagnetic, inductive or dielectric measuring means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3368—Temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3375—Acoustical, e.g. ultrasonic, measuring means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3379—Masses, volumes, levels of fluids in reservoirs, flow rates
- A61M2205/3386—Low level detectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an aspiration system for use in removing liquids discharged by the human body.
- the invention may be used for removing body fluids and secretions other than urine.
- One aspect of the invention relates to removal of wound exudate.
- Wound exudate can be described as the liquid produced from chronic wounds, fistula, or acute wounds once haemostasis has been achieved. For centuries, the production of exudate was regarded as inevitable with certain types of wound, and inconsequential with respect to wound healing.
- Negative pressure means pressure below surrounding atmospheric pressure.
- TNP Topical Negative Pressure
- an aspiration system and method for removing liquid other than urine, which liquid is discharged from the human body.
- the system comprises a disposable body interface device having a liquid collection chamber.
- a liquid sensor detects the presence of liquid within the chamber.
- the application of aspiration suction to remove liquid from the liquid collection region is controlled responsive to the output of body fluids and secretions detected by the liquid sensor.
- the body interface device may be a wound dressing to allow controlled draining of the liquid wound exudate.
- the aspiration suction can be controlled to remove only excess wound exudate, according to the output of body fluids and secretions detected by the liquid sensor.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of aspiration system for collecting and removing liquid wound exudate discharged by a wound of the human body, the diagram including an exploded sectional view of the wound dressing components.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing, in exploded form, a modification of the wound dressing from FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing operation of the aspiration system in graphical form.
- an aspiration system 10 for removing body liquid (other than urine) discharged or secreted by the human body generally comprises: a body interface device 14 ; and an aspiration unit 12 for applying suction to the body interface device 14 to aspirate the body liquid.
- the present embodiment illustrates an aspiration system 10 specifically for removal of wound exudate from a wound site 18 .
- the body interface device 14 is in the form of (and is hereafter referred to as) a wound dressing, configured for fitting to the body at, or around, the wound site 18 .
- the field of wound dressings with exudate aspiration is quite unique, and very different from the field of, for example, urine removal.
- Urine is usually discharged as a gush of liquid, and a urine removal system should remove all urine to leave the skin dry in order to avoid irritation and infection.
- wound exudate is not discharged in a gush, and it is not desirable to remove all of the wound exudate.
- the exudate contains a complex mixture of bioactive molecules that have both positive and negative effects. While removal of excess exudate is desirable, removal of all exudate may hinder rather than aid wound healing. Instead, the present embodiment aims to manage the amount of wound exudate, and remove excess from the wound site.
- a liquid sensor 30 for detecting liquid exudate in the wound dressing 14 .
- the liquid sensor 30 generates a signal 32 indicative of sensed liquid.
- the sensor 30 may detect one or both of the following parameters: (i) proximity of liquid, and/or (ii) a quantity of liquid within sensing range.
- the aspiration unit 12 is responsive to the sensor signal 32 in order to control the application of aspiration suction.
- the wound dressing 14 is preferably attachable to the patient's skin 20 by means of an adhesive pad 26 .
- the adhesive pad 26 has a closed loop shape that circumscribes the periphery of the wound site 18 .
- the adhesive pad 26 extends over the wound site 18 , and has perforations or apertures 27 to permit passage of exudate from the wound site 18 into the wound dressing 14 .
- the adhesive pad 26 is made of a skin-friendly medical grade adhesive. Examples of suitable adhesives include pressure-sensitive adhesives that may be any of hydrocolloid, polyurethane, acrylic, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), hydrogel, or silicone-based.
- the wound dressing 14 may have any suitable construction for covering the wound site 18 , defining a liquid collection region and at least partly a local environment conducive to wound healing.
- the wound dressing 14 may be the same as, or similar to, the dressings shown in any of the aforementioned U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,969,880, 5,636,643, 5,645,081, 7,216,651, and/or U.S. Publication Nos. 2001/0029956 and 2006/0100594.
- the wound dressing 14 typically comprises a cover 16 extending over the wound site 18 , and overlapping healthy peri-wound tissue.
- the wound dressing 14 may optionally contain or comprise a liquid handling material 24 ( 24 a, 24 b ).
- the liquid handling material 24 may, for example, be a material for absorbing exudate without gelling. Such a material may be non-woven and/or a foam. Such a non-woven material could be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, synthetic or natural.
- the liquid handling material 24 may alternatively be, or comprise, a fibrous blend or fibrous material (e.g., a non-woven) that forms a cohesive gel when wetted with wound exudate.
- a fibrous material can be provided, for example, by the wound contact layer of the Versiva® dressing (ConvaTec Inc., Skillman, N.J.) or by a fibrous mat of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
- a fibrous mat of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is available as AQUACEL® dressing from ConvaTec Inc., as is a similar dressing further including silver.
- Other exemplary materials for the liquid handling material 24 include MedicelTM, CarboxflexTM (which provides an odor absorbent layer with fibrous material for wicking liquid away from the odor absorbent), HyalofillTM (forming a hyaluronic acid-rich fibrous gel) or KaltostatTM (containing alginate) dressings from ConvaTec Inc. While the liquid handling layer 24 has the ability to absorb the exudate quickly, it also allows exudate to be pumped away under suction.
- a combination of both a non-gelling liquid handling layer 24 a and a fibrous gelling layer 24 b may be used, for example, in distinct layers.
- the layers 24 a and 24 b may be bonded to each other, or they may be contained as separate layer components within the wound dressing 14 .
- FIG. 1 illustrates an optional perforated screen 28 that may be used, for example, to enclose such layers 24 a and 24 b.
- liquid handling layer 24 b maybe perforated to allow excess exudate to be absorbed by liquid handling layer 24 a.
- An aspiration source connector 22 extends into the wound dressing 14 for delivering aspiration suction from the aspiration unit 12 .
- the connector 22 extends through the cover 16 , although the connector 22 could enter the wound dressing 14 at any suitable point.
- the point at which suction is applied is separated from the wound site 18 by at least a portion of the liquid handling material 24 .
- the point at which suction is applied is spaced from the wound site 18 by at least the gelling layer 24 b, and preferably also by at least a portion of the non-gelling layer 24 a.
- a flexible conduit 35 couples the wound dressing 14 to the aspiration unit 12 .
- a releasable connector or an easy release coupling may be provided at one end, or both ends, of the conduit 35 .
- the flexible conduit 35 may be regarded as part of the aspiration unit 12 and/or part of the body interface device 14 .
- the flexible conduit 35 links the connector 22 to a suction source 40 within the aspiration unit 12 .
- the aspiration unit 12 comprises a power supply 38 , an electronic control unit 44 , and the suction source 40 .
- the power supply 38 is selected as one or more of: a replaceable battery, a rechargeable battery, radiation collection panels, and a mains power supply.
- the power supply 38 includes a combination of a rechargeable battery and a mains power supply; such a combination allows portable operation when the aspiration system 10 is not connected to a mains power supply, as well as automatic recharging of the battery when the aspiration system 10 is coupled to a mains power supply.
- the power supply 38 includes radiation collection panels, such as photovoltaic panels or cells for generating electricity from ambient light, which can improve autonomy of operation or for charging the rechargeable battery.
- the power supply 38 may provide power for any one or more of: the electronic control unit 44 , the liquid sensor 30 (if needed) and any power needed by the suction source 40 .
- the suction source 40 is an electric pump that operates under control of the electronic control unit 44 .
- the pump 40 could be a suction device based on diaphragm, peristaltic, volume displacement, spring, gravity, siphon, heat-recoverable metal drive, or an in-line pump.
- the flexible conduit 35 is coupled through the pump 40 to a liquid collection chamber 42 for collecting exudate removed from the wound dressing 40 .
- the liquid collection chamber 42 may either be separate from the aspiration unit 12 (as illustrated) and coupled thereto with a suitable connector, or the liquid collection chamber 42 may be integral with and/or housed in the aspiration unit 12 (arrangement not shown).
- the suction source 40 may comprise a vacuum chamber charged with a low pressure vacuum, and an electronically controlled valve for controlling application of suction from the vacuum chamber to the flexible conduit 35 .
- a pump may be provided for charging the vacuum chamber with the vacuum.
- the liquid sensor 30 may be separate or separable from the wound dressing 14 , enabling replacement of the wound dressing 14 without having to use a new sensor 30 .
- a means is preferably provided for releasably attaching the sensor 30 to the wound dressing 14 .
- the liquid sensor 30 may be permanently attached to the wound dressing 14 to form an integral unit. With permanent attachment, the liquid sensor 30 is intended to be disposed of with the wound dressing 14 .
- the sensor signal 32 is typically an electrical or electronic signal. However, other signal forms may be used as desired, for example, optical.
- the sensor 30 may generate output signal 32 that varies in accordance with the sensed parameter(s).
- the output signal 32 may be a varying analog signal (e.g., variable current or voltage), or the output signal 32 may be a digital signal (e.g., a quantized representation, or a variable pulsed representation).
- the output signal 32 may be a logical (e.g., binary, or on/off) signal indicating whether or not the sensed parameter exceeds or is below one or more thresholds.
- the liquid sensor 30 is preferably a non-contact sensor that is able to detect the presence or proximity of liquid without contact with the liquid.
- the liquid sensor 30 generates an electrical output signal responsive to proximity of detected liquid.
- the electrical signal is communicated to the aspiration unit 12 either via the conduit 35 , or via a separate wire or wireless connector.
- a wired electrical connector may also supply power from the aspiration unit 12 to power the liquid sensor 30 .
- the feature of the liquid sensor 30 being a non-contact sensor provides significant advantages because: (i) the non-contact approach automatically avoids any concerns about passing an electrical current through liquid in contact with the skin 20 and wound site 18 . Instead, there is no direct contact between the liquid sensor 30 and the liquid; (ii) the non-contact approach means that the liquid sensor 30 is not contaminated by touching the liquid exudate. This allows the liquid sensor 30 easily to be reused with a different wound dressing 14 ; and (iii) the non-contact approach means that the liquid sensor 30 does not itself have to be in a sterile condition before use, thus avoiding the difficulty of, or risk of damage when, sterilizing the aspiration system 10 that does interface intimately with the body.
- the feature of the liquid sensor 30 being coupled to the aspiration unit 12 by an electrical connector avoids the expense and fragility associated with using an optical fiber connection.
- the liquid sensor 30 is separate from, or at least separable from, the wound dressing 14 .
- the wound dressing 14 may be a disposable item that may be manufactured inexpensively, and disposed of after a single use, or a limited number of uses.
- the liquid sensor 30 may be more expensive, but may be intended to be used plural times, preferably, with a sequence of different wound dressings 14 used during wound treatment. This enables the aspiration system 10 to be produced and used very cost efficiently, since the disposable components are generally low cost. The higher cost components may be used multiple times, and may require infrequent replacement.
- the liquid sensor 30 is a universal device that may be used with any of a plurality of different types of wound dressings 14
- the non-contact sensor may be permanently attached to the wound dressing 14 , and not be a re-usable item.
- the liquid sensor 30 can take a variety of different forms.
- the liquid sensor 30 is selected from: a capacitance sensor; an ultrasonic sensor; and a piezo-electric (or piezo-resonant) sensor.
- a capacitance sensor detects proximity of liquid according to changes in the dielectric effect of liquid proximity, compared to air proximity. The dielectric effect affects the electric field in the active zone around the sensor, and thus, the effective capacitance in the sensor.
- the capacitance is monitored by any suitable capacitance sensing circuit (not shown), such as an RC oscillator whose oscillation frequency and/or whether oscillation occurs, is dependent on the value of a resistor in combination with the effective capacitance of the sensor.
- the oscillation in turn triggers an output stage, coupled to an output amplifier, to generate an output signal indicative of liquid presence.
- the capacitance sensing circuit is preferably disposed near or at the liquid sensor 18 (e.g., as part of the liquid sensor 18 itself), or the capacitance sensing circuit can be disposed at the aspiration unit 12 , or at a point along electrical connector 35 .
- a suitable capacitance sensor and capacitance sensing circuit are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,619, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.
- the ability to detect liquid has been tested using a capacitance “smart” sensor from SIE Sensors.
- the sensor 30 of dimension 35 mm (length) ⁇ 22 mm (width) ⁇ 10 mm (height) was affixed to the external wall of a body interface device 14 .
- the sensor 30 detected the presence of two test liquids, water and saline solution, as soon as the liquid was introduced, and provided an activation signal to the aspiration unit 12 within milliseconds.
- the electric field from the sensor 30 is able to penetrate a wide variety of plastic components (e.g., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and acrylics), either transparent or opaque, with great sensitivity.
- An ultrasonic sensor works using the principle of sonar at the ultrasonic frequency range.
- a transducer is resonated at a set frequency to convert electric energy into ultrasonic frequency range acoustic energy.
- the ultrasonic acoustic waves are emitted towards a liquid collection region.
- Energy is reflected either from the walls if the region is empty of liquid, or from liquid if present in the region.
- An example of ultrasonic liquid sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,960,007, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- a commercially available ultrasonic sensor is made available by ZEVEX Inc.
- a piezo-electric or piezo-resonant sensor also uses high frequency, e.g., ultrasonic energy or acoustic signal, in a similar way to the ultrasonic sensor described above.
- the ultrasonic or acoustic signal could penetrate either transparent or opaque plastic walls.
- An example of piezo-electric sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,948,098, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the ability to detect liquid has been tested with a piezo-resonant sensor obtained from GEMS Sensors.
- the sensor 30 of diameter 40 mm was attached to the external wall of the body interface device 14 , and detected the presence of liquid as soon as introduced.
- the liquid sensor 30 is disposed outside the wound dressing 14 , or at least outside a liquid collection region of the wound dressing 14 .
- the cover 16 is typically made of material through which the sensing electric field can pass in the case of a capacitance sensor, or through which an ultrasonic vibration can pass in the case of an ultrasonic and/or piezo-electric sensor.
- the cover 16 may be made suitably thin to provide the sensor 30 with the desired sensitivity to liquid within the body interface device 14 .
- the cover 16 may include a window portion made of material through which the electric field or ultrasonic vibration can pass easily if the entire cover 16 is not made of such a material.
- the housing of the wound dressing 14 can be shaped into a pocket with or without membrane, for receiving and retaining a capacitive, ultrasonic or piezo-electric non-contact liquid sensor 30 .
- a capacitive, ultrasonic or piezo-electric non-contact liquid sensor 30 can be shaped into a pocket with or without membrane, for receiving and retaining a capacitive, ultrasonic or piezo-electric non-contact liquid sensor 30 .
- Such a design also increases the interface area between the sensor 30 and the liquid collection region of the wound dressing 14 .
- the senor 30 is an electro-optical sensor.
- the cover 16 comprises a window region (not shown) made of material that is transparent to the optical radiation used by the electro-optical sensor.
- the optical radiation may be in the infra-red range, and/or the visible range, and/or ultra-violet range.
- the term “optical” as used herein means that the radiation lies in a frequency range that obeys substantially the laws of optics.
- the electro-optical sensor comprises an electro-optical emitter, an electro-optical receiver, and sensing circuitry for detecting the presence of liquid according to the electrical output of the electro-optical receiver.
- the sensing circuitry is preferably disposed at the liquid sensor 30 (e.g., as part of the liquid sensor 30 ), or the sensing circuitry is disposed at the aspiration unit 12 , or at a point along electrical connector 35 .
- An example electro-optical liquid sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,354,180, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- the liquid sensor may be disposed at a position 30 a in contact with exudate inside the wound dressing 14 , even if the sensor 30 does not rely on direct contact to detect the liquid.
- a contact-based sensor 30 instead of a non-contact sensor 30 .
- An example of a contact-based sensor 30 is an electrical resistance sensor that detects liquid by conductance between electrodes in contact with the liquid.
- the liquid sensor 30 may be held in an operative position with respect to the wound dressing 14 by a detachable attachment device (not shown) for releasably attaching the liquid sensor 30 to the wound dressing 14 .
- the detachable attachment device could comprise a peelable adhesive, or a peelable mechanical fastener, such as Velcro, or a mechanical coupling based on interference fitting, or other mechanical means.
- a goal of this embodiment is to manage wound exudate, so that excess exudate is removed efficiently while leaving a residual amount of exudate in the wound dressing 14 .
- the amount of wound exudate in the dressing 14 will rise progressively from zero as exudate is accumulated (for example, in the material(s) 24 ).
- the sensor 30 and the control unit 44 co-operate to control the suction source 40 to keep the amount of exudate at a desired level. While the level could be indicated by a single threshold, preferably two thresholds THR-on and THR-off are used to introduce hysteresis to avoid the pump 40 being switched frequently.
- the upper threshold THR-on defines a threshold at which the pump 40 is switched to an aspiration mode (e.g., turned-on), and the lower threshold THR-off defines a threshold at which the aspiration is reduced or deactivated (e.g., pump 40 turned off), to stop further substantial remove of exudate.
- the amount of wound exudate will therefore fluctuate between the two thresholds, with the pump 40 being switched at successive time points T 1 , T 2 and T 3 , for example.
- the thresholds THR-on and THR-off may optionally be adjusted manually by means of a manual control 46 of the aspiration unit 12 . This may allow medical practitioners to control variably the “wetness” of the wound site 18 , and allow different healing environments to be established as desired by a medical practitioner.
- the control 46 may enable both thresholds to be adjusted. Alternatively, one of the thresholds may be fixed at a predetermined level. Alternatively, the difference between the thresholds may be variable, or may be fixed at a predetermined level.
- the control unit 44 may function to apply the thresholds to the sensor signal 32 .
- the sensor 30 itself may apply the thresholds, such that the output signal 32 is already thresholded.
- the sensitivity of the liquid sensor 30 may also be controlled by suitable positioning of the liquid sensor 30 with respect to the liquid handling material(s) 24 of the wound dressing 14 and/or by the thickness of the cover 16 in reducing the sensing field of the sensor 30 .
- the sensor 30 may be sufficiently insensitive to liquid amounts below the threshold THR-off. Such an arrangement may be especially suitable when water-gelling material is used as the liquid handling material 24 .
- the aspiration system 10 as described herein provides significant advantages compared to the prior art, and can address or mitigate many of the drawbacks of the prior art, especially in terms of efficient aspiration of wound exudate, without drying out the wound site 18 , and without requiring frequent changes of the wound dressing 14 to inspect the degree of wetness of the wound site 18 .
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to an aspiration system for use in removing liquids discharged by the human body. The invention may be used for removing body fluids and secretions other than urine. One aspect of the invention relates to removal of wound exudate.
- Wound exudate can be described as the liquid produced from chronic wounds, fistula, or acute wounds once haemostasis has been achieved. For centuries, the production of exudate was regarded as inevitable with certain types of wound, and inconsequential with respect to wound healing.
- More recently, considerable attention has been given to the development of wound dressings that prevent the accumulation of large volumes of fluid within a wound, and also prevent the fluid from spreading over the surrounding healthy tissue. This is because excessive wound exudate can cause maceration of the peri-wound skin, which in turn can lead to infection. One technique known in the art is the application of suction to create negative pressure at the wound site, as taught in U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,969,880, 5,636,643, 5,645,081, 7,216,651, and U.S. Patent Publication No. 2001/0029956. Negative pressure means pressure below surrounding atmospheric pressure. Such a technique is referred to in the art as Topical Negative Pressure (TNP). This is believed by some researchers to aid drainage of wound exudate away from the wound bed, reduce infection rates, and increase localized blood flow.
- The prior art arrangements are said to permit medical staff to manually adjust the duty cycle times of the application of suction. However, if too much suction is applied, complications occur diminishing the benefits of the wound dressing. In particular:
- (i) The negative pressure tends to draw tissue growth into the pores of a foam piece inside the wound dressing. This can result in discomfort to the patient during use of the device, and both discomfort and potential new tissue damage upon removal or changing of the dressing.
- (ii) The wound is vulnerable to drying out of wound exudate. This condition is undesirable because exudate is now believed to contain a complex mixture of bioactive molecules that have both positive and negative effects. While removal of excess exudate is desirable, removal of all exudate may hinder rather than aid wound healing. Proper use of the wound dressing may depend to a large extent on the expertise of medical staff in assessing the rate of production of wound exudate at the wound site, and adjusting the suction accordingly. If frequent removal of the dressing is required to assess the state of the wound and exudate, this merely exacerbates discomfort caused by drawback (i) above.
- Some of the drawbacks may be partly mitigated by the use of hydro-fiber as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 2006/0100594. However, this does not solve the root problem.
- The present invention has been devised bearing such issues in mind.
- Aspects of the invention are defined in the claims.
- In a further broad aspect, an aspiration system and method are provided for removing liquid other than urine, which liquid is discharged from the human body. The system comprises a disposable body interface device having a liquid collection chamber. A liquid sensor detects the presence of liquid within the chamber. The application of aspiration suction to remove liquid from the liquid collection region is controlled responsive to the output of body fluids and secretions detected by the liquid sensor. The body interface device may be a wound dressing to allow controlled draining of the liquid wound exudate. The aspiration suction can be controlled to remove only excess wound exudate, according to the output of body fluids and secretions detected by the liquid sensor.
- While certain features and ideas are emphasized above and in the appended claims, the Applicant may seek claim protection for any novel feature or idea described herein and/or illustrated in the drawings, whether or not emphasis has been placed thereon.
-
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a first embodiment of aspiration system for collecting and removing liquid wound exudate discharged by a wound of the human body, the diagram including an exploded sectional view of the wound dressing components. -
FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing, in exploded form, a modification of the wound dressing fromFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing operation of the aspiration system in graphical form. - Preferred embodiments of the invention are now described with reference to the drawings. The same reference numerals are used to depict the same or equivalent features in each embodiment.
- Referring to
FIG. 1 , anaspiration system 10 for removing body liquid (other than urine) discharged or secreted by the human body generally comprises: abody interface device 14; and anaspiration unit 12 for applying suction to thebody interface device 14 to aspirate the body liquid. The present embodiment illustrates anaspiration system 10 specifically for removal of wound exudate from awound site 18. Thebody interface device 14 is in the form of (and is hereafter referred to as) a wound dressing, configured for fitting to the body at, or around, thewound site 18. The field of wound dressings with exudate aspiration is quite unique, and very different from the field of, for example, urine removal. Urine is usually discharged as a gush of liquid, and a urine removal system should remove all urine to leave the skin dry in order to avoid irritation and infection. In contrast, wound exudate is not discharged in a gush, and it is not desirable to remove all of the wound exudate. The exudate contains a complex mixture of bioactive molecules that have both positive and negative effects. While removal of excess exudate is desirable, removal of all exudate may hinder rather than aid wound healing. Instead, the present embodiment aims to manage the amount of wound exudate, and remove excess from the wound site. - As explained in more detail later, such management is facilitated in accordance with the principles of the invention by provision of a
liquid sensor 30 for detecting liquid exudate in thewound dressing 14. Theliquid sensor 30 generates asignal 32 indicative of sensed liquid. Thesensor 30 may detect one or both of the following parameters: (i) proximity of liquid, and/or (ii) a quantity of liquid within sensing range. Theaspiration unit 12 is responsive to thesensor signal 32 in order to control the application of aspiration suction. Such an arrangement provides the extremely significant advantage of being able to control the aspiration of wound exudate automatically, to remove excess exudate while preserving a desired residual quantity of exudate within the wound dressing without drying out the wound. - The constitution of the
aspiration system 10 is now described in more detail. Thewound dressing 14 is preferably attachable to the patient'sskin 20 by means of anadhesive pad 26. In the form illustrated inFIG. 1 , theadhesive pad 26 has a closed loop shape that circumscribes the periphery of thewound site 18. In the form illustrated inFIG. 2 , theadhesive pad 26 extends over thewound site 18, and has perforations orapertures 27 to permit passage of exudate from thewound site 18 into thewound dressing 14. Theadhesive pad 26 is made of a skin-friendly medical grade adhesive. Examples of suitable adhesives include pressure-sensitive adhesives that may be any of hydrocolloid, polyurethane, acrylic, thermoplastic elastomer (TPE), hydrogel, or silicone-based. - The
wound dressing 14 may have any suitable construction for covering thewound site 18, defining a liquid collection region and at least partly a local environment conducive to wound healing. For example, thewound dressing 14 may be the same as, or similar to, the dressings shown in any of the aforementioned U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,969,880, 5,636,643, 5,645,081, 7,216,651, and/or U.S. Publication Nos. 2001/0029956 and 2006/0100594. The wound dressing 14 typically comprises acover 16 extending over thewound site 18, and overlapping healthy peri-wound tissue. The wound dressing 14 may optionally contain or comprise a liquid handling material 24 (24 a, 24 b). The liquid handling material 24 may, for example, be a material for absorbing exudate without gelling. Such a material may be non-woven and/or a foam. Such a non-woven material could be hydrophobic or hydrophilic, synthetic or natural. The liquid handling material 24 may alternatively be, or comprise, a fibrous blend or fibrous material (e.g., a non-woven) that forms a cohesive gel when wetted with wound exudate. Such a fibrous material can be provided, for example, by the wound contact layer of the Versiva® dressing (ConvaTec Inc., Skillman, N.J.) or by a fibrous mat of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. A fibrous mat of sodium carboxymethylcellulose is available as AQUACEL® dressing from ConvaTec Inc., as is a similar dressing further including silver. Other exemplary materials for the liquid handling material 24 include Medicel™, Carboxflex™ (which provides an odor absorbent layer with fibrous material for wicking liquid away from the odor absorbent), Hyalofill™ (forming a hyaluronic acid-rich fibrous gel) or Kaltostat™ (containing alginate) dressings from ConvaTec Inc. While the liquid handling layer 24 has the ability to absorb the exudate quickly, it also allows exudate to be pumped away under suction. - In a further form, a combination of both a non-gelling
liquid handling layer 24 a and afibrous gelling layer 24 b may be used, for example, in distinct layers. Thelayers FIG. 1 illustrates an optionalperforated screen 28 that may be used, for example, to enclosesuch layers liquid handling layer 24 b maybe perforated to allow excess exudate to be absorbed byliquid handling layer 24 a. - An aspiration source connector 22 (e.g. silicone tubing) extends into the wound dressing 14 for delivering aspiration suction from the
aspiration unit 12. In the form illustrated, theconnector 22 extends through thecover 16, although theconnector 22 could enter the wound dressing 14 at any suitable point. Preferably, the point at which suction is applied is separated from thewound site 18 by at least a portion of the liquid handling material 24. In the preferred form including both non-gelling and gellinglayers 24 a, 24, respectively, the point at which suction is applied is spaced from thewound site 18 by at least the gellinglayer 24 b, and preferably also by at least a portion of thenon-gelling layer 24 a. - A
flexible conduit 35 couples the wound dressing 14 to theaspiration unit 12. A releasable connector or an easy release coupling may be provided at one end, or both ends, of theconduit 35. Theflexible conduit 35 may be regarded as part of theaspiration unit 12 and/or part of thebody interface device 14. Theflexible conduit 35 links theconnector 22 to asuction source 40 within theaspiration unit 12. Theaspiration unit 12 comprises apower supply 38, anelectronic control unit 44, and thesuction source 40. Thepower supply 38 is selected as one or more of: a replaceable battery, a rechargeable battery, radiation collection panels, and a mains power supply. Preferably, thepower supply 38 includes a combination of a rechargeable battery and a mains power supply; such a combination allows portable operation when theaspiration system 10 is not connected to a mains power supply, as well as automatic recharging of the battery when theaspiration system 10 is coupled to a mains power supply. Additionally or alternatively, thepower supply 38 includes radiation collection panels, such as photovoltaic panels or cells for generating electricity from ambient light, which can improve autonomy of operation or for charging the rechargeable battery. Thepower supply 38 may provide power for any one or more of: theelectronic control unit 44, the liquid sensor 30 (if needed) and any power needed by thesuction source 40. In the present embodiment, thesuction source 40 is an electric pump that operates under control of theelectronic control unit 44. Thepump 40 could be a suction device based on diaphragm, peristaltic, volume displacement, spring, gravity, siphon, heat-recoverable metal drive, or an in-line pump. Theflexible conduit 35 is coupled through thepump 40 to aliquid collection chamber 42 for collecting exudate removed from the wound dressing 40. Theliquid collection chamber 42 may either be separate from the aspiration unit 12 (as illustrated) and coupled thereto with a suitable connector, or theliquid collection chamber 42 may be integral with and/or housed in the aspiration unit 12 (arrangement not shown). In an alternative form, instead of apump 40 directly applying suction to theflexible conduit 35, thesuction source 40 may comprise a vacuum chamber charged with a low pressure vacuum, and an electronically controlled valve for controlling application of suction from the vacuum chamber to theflexible conduit 35. A pump may be provided for charging the vacuum chamber with the vacuum. - The
liquid sensor 30 may be separate or separable from the wound dressing 14, enabling replacement of the wound dressing 14 without having to use anew sensor 30. In such a case, a means is preferably provided for releasably attaching thesensor 30 to the wound dressing 14. Alternatively, theliquid sensor 30 may be permanently attached to the wound dressing 14 to form an integral unit. With permanent attachment, theliquid sensor 30 is intended to be disposed of with the wound dressing 14. - The
sensor signal 32 is typically an electrical or electronic signal. However, other signal forms may be used as desired, for example, optical. - The
sensor 30 may generateoutput signal 32 that varies in accordance with the sensed parameter(s). For example, theoutput signal 32 may be a varying analog signal (e.g., variable current or voltage), or theoutput signal 32 may be a digital signal (e.g., a quantized representation, or a variable pulsed representation). Alternatively, theoutput signal 32 may be a logical (e.g., binary, or on/off) signal indicating whether or not the sensed parameter exceeds or is below one or more thresholds. - The
liquid sensor 30 is preferably a non-contact sensor that is able to detect the presence or proximity of liquid without contact with the liquid. Theliquid sensor 30 generates an electrical output signal responsive to proximity of detected liquid. The electrical signal is communicated to theaspiration unit 12 either via theconduit 35, or via a separate wire or wireless connector. A wired electrical connector may also supply power from theaspiration unit 12 to power theliquid sensor 30. - The feature of the
liquid sensor 30 being a non-contact sensor provides significant advantages because: (i) the non-contact approach automatically avoids any concerns about passing an electrical current through liquid in contact with theskin 20 and woundsite 18. Instead, there is no direct contact between theliquid sensor 30 and the liquid; (ii) the non-contact approach means that theliquid sensor 30 is not contaminated by touching the liquid exudate. This allows theliquid sensor 30 easily to be reused with a different wound dressing 14; and (iii) the non-contact approach means that theliquid sensor 30 does not itself have to be in a sterile condition before use, thus avoiding the difficulty of, or risk of damage when, sterilizing theaspiration system 10 that does interface intimately with the body. The feature of theliquid sensor 30 being coupled to theaspiration unit 12 by an electrical connector avoids the expense and fragility associated with using an optical fiber connection. - An optional feature of the invention is that the
liquid sensor 30 is separate from, or at least separable from, the wound dressing 14. The wound dressing 14 may be a disposable item that may be manufactured inexpensively, and disposed of after a single use, or a limited number of uses. Theliquid sensor 30 may be more expensive, but may be intended to be used plural times, preferably, with a sequence ofdifferent wound dressings 14 used during wound treatment. This enables theaspiration system 10 to be produced and used very cost efficiently, since the disposable components are generally low cost. The higher cost components may be used multiple times, and may require infrequent replacement. In one form, theliquid sensor 30 is a universal device that may be used with any of a plurality of different types ofwound dressings 14 - Alternatively, the non-contact sensor may be permanently attached to the wound dressing 14, and not be a re-usable item.
- The
liquid sensor 30 can take a variety of different forms. - The
liquid sensor 30 is selected from: a capacitance sensor; an ultrasonic sensor; and a piezo-electric (or piezo-resonant) sensor. A capacitance sensor detects proximity of liquid according to changes in the dielectric effect of liquid proximity, compared to air proximity. The dielectric effect affects the electric field in the active zone around the sensor, and thus, the effective capacitance in the sensor. The capacitance is monitored by any suitable capacitance sensing circuit (not shown), such as an RC oscillator whose oscillation frequency and/or whether oscillation occurs, is dependent on the value of a resistor in combination with the effective capacitance of the sensor. The oscillation in turn triggers an output stage, coupled to an output amplifier, to generate an output signal indicative of liquid presence. The capacitance sensing circuit is preferably disposed near or at the liquid sensor 18 (e.g., as part of theliquid sensor 18 itself), or the capacitance sensing circuit can be disposed at theaspiration unit 12, or at a point alongelectrical connector 35. A suitable capacitance sensor and capacitance sensing circuit are described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,576,619, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. - The ability to detect liquid has been tested using a capacitance “smart” sensor from SIE Sensors. The
sensor 30 ofdimension 35 mm (length)×22 mm (width)×10 mm (height) was affixed to the external wall of abody interface device 14. Thesensor 30 detected the presence of two test liquids, water and saline solution, as soon as the liquid was introduced, and provided an activation signal to theaspiration unit 12 within milliseconds. The electric field from thesensor 30 is able to penetrate a wide variety of plastic components (e.g., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) and acrylics), either transparent or opaque, with great sensitivity. - An ultrasonic sensor works using the principle of sonar at the ultrasonic frequency range. A transducer is resonated at a set frequency to convert electric energy into ultrasonic frequency range acoustic energy. The ultrasonic acoustic waves are emitted towards a liquid collection region. Energy is reflected either from the walls if the region is empty of liquid, or from liquid if present in the region. By measuring the time delay for reflected waves to arrive, and comparing this to one or more pre-calibrated time delays taken when the liquid collection region is empty, the presence of liquid can be reliably and quickly detected. An example of ultrasonic liquid sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,960,007, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference. A commercially available ultrasonic sensor is made available by ZEVEX Inc.
- A piezo-electric or piezo-resonant sensor also uses high frequency, e.g., ultrasonic energy or acoustic signal, in a similar way to the ultrasonic sensor described above. The ultrasonic or acoustic signal could penetrate either transparent or opaque plastic walls. An example of piezo-electric sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,948,098, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
- The ability to detect liquid has been tested with a piezo-resonant sensor obtained from GEMS Sensors. The
sensor 30 ofdiameter 40 mm was attached to the external wall of thebody interface device 14, and detected the presence of liquid as soon as introduced. - With the arrangement illustrated in
FIGS. 1 and 2 , theliquid sensor 30 is disposed outside the wound dressing 14, or at least outside a liquid collection region of the wound dressing 14. Thecover 16 is typically made of material through which the sensing electric field can pass in the case of a capacitance sensor, or through which an ultrasonic vibration can pass in the case of an ultrasonic and/or piezo-electric sensor. Thecover 16 may be made suitably thin to provide thesensor 30 with the desired sensitivity to liquid within thebody interface device 14. Alternatively, thecover 16 may include a window portion made of material through which the electric field or ultrasonic vibration can pass easily if theentire cover 16 is not made of such a material. In an alternative embodiment, the housing of the wound dressing 14 can be shaped into a pocket with or without membrane, for receiving and retaining a capacitive, ultrasonic or piezo-electric non-contactliquid sensor 30. Such a design also increases the interface area between thesensor 30 and the liquid collection region of the wound dressing 14. - In an alternative embodiment, the
sensor 30 is an electro-optical sensor. Thecover 16 comprises a window region (not shown) made of material that is transparent to the optical radiation used by the electro-optical sensor. For example, the optical radiation may be in the infra-red range, and/or the visible range, and/or ultra-violet range. The term “optical” as used herein means that the radiation lies in a frequency range that obeys substantially the laws of optics. The electro-optical sensor comprises an electro-optical emitter, an electro-optical receiver, and sensing circuitry for detecting the presence of liquid according to the electrical output of the electro-optical receiver. The sensing circuitry is preferably disposed at the liquid sensor 30 (e.g., as part of the liquid sensor 30), or the sensing circuitry is disposed at theaspiration unit 12, or at a point alongelectrical connector 35. An example electro-optical liquid sensor is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,354,180, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference. - If preferred, the liquid sensor may be disposed at a
position 30a in contact with exudate inside the wound dressing 14, even if thesensor 30 does not rely on direct contact to detect the liquid. Such a possibility also enables the use of a contact-basedsensor 30 instead of anon-contact sensor 30. An example of a contact-basedsensor 30 is an electrical resistance sensor that detects liquid by conductance between electrodes in contact with the liquid. - In the case that the
liquid sensor 30 is separate from, or at least separable from, the wound dressing 14, theliquid sensor 30 may be held in an operative position with respect to the wound dressing 14 by a detachable attachment device (not shown) for releasably attaching theliquid sensor 30 to the wound dressing 14. For example, the detachable attachment device could comprise a peelable adhesive, or a peelable mechanical fastener, such as Velcro, or a mechanical coupling based on interference fitting, or other mechanical means. - As mentioned previously, a goal of this embodiment is to manage wound exudate, so that excess exudate is removed efficiently while leaving a residual amount of exudate in the wound dressing 14. Referring to
FIG. 3 , when the wound dressing 14 is first fitted, the amount of wound exudate in the dressing 14 will rise progressively from zero as exudate is accumulated (for example, in the material(s) 24). Thesensor 30 and thecontrol unit 44 co-operate to control thesuction source 40 to keep the amount of exudate at a desired level. While the level could be indicated by a single threshold, preferably two thresholds THR-on and THR-off are used to introduce hysteresis to avoid thepump 40 being switched frequently. The upper threshold THR-on defines a threshold at which thepump 40 is switched to an aspiration mode (e.g., turned-on), and the lower threshold THR-off defines a threshold at which the aspiration is reduced or deactivated (e.g., pump 40 turned off), to stop further substantial remove of exudate. The amount of wound exudate will therefore fluctuate between the two thresholds, with thepump 40 being switched at successive time points T1, T2 and T3, for example. - The thresholds THR-on and THR-off may optionally be adjusted manually by means of a
manual control 46 of theaspiration unit 12. This may allow medical practitioners to control variably the “wetness” of thewound site 18, and allow different healing environments to be established as desired by a medical practitioner. Thecontrol 46 may enable both thresholds to be adjusted. Alternatively, one of the thresholds may be fixed at a predetermined level. Alternatively, the difference between the thresholds may be variable, or may be fixed at a predetermined level. - The
control unit 44 may function to apply the thresholds to thesensor signal 32. Alternatively, thesensor 30 itself may apply the thresholds, such that theoutput signal 32 is already thresholded. The sensitivity of theliquid sensor 30 may also be controlled by suitable positioning of theliquid sensor 30 with respect to the liquid handling material(s) 24 of the wound dressing 14 and/or by the thickness of thecover 16 in reducing the sensing field of thesensor 30. In one form, it might not be necessary to apply the lower threshold THR-off electronically. Instead, thesensor 30 may be sufficiently insensitive to liquid amounts below the threshold THR-off. Such an arrangement may be especially suitable when water-gelling material is used as the liquid handling material 24. - It will be appreciated that the
aspiration system 10 as described herein provides significant advantages compared to the prior art, and can address or mitigate many of the drawbacks of the prior art, especially in terms of efficient aspiration of wound exudate, without drying out thewound site 18, and without requiring frequent changes of the wound dressing 14 to inspect the degree of wetness of thewound site 18. - It will be appreciated that many modifications, improvements and equivalents may be made within the claimed scope of the invention.
Claims (30)
Priority Applications (1)
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US12/738,332 US20100211029A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2008-10-20 | Aspiration system for removing liquid other than urine discharged by the human body |
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US12/738,332 US20100211029A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2008-10-20 | Aspiration system for removing liquid other than urine discharged by the human body |
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US12/738,332 Abandoned US20100211029A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2008-10-20 | Aspiration system for removing liquid other than urine discharged by the human body |
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