WO2017169811A1 - 高強度鋼材およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
高強度鋼材およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
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- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
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- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/004—Dispersions; Precipitations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a high-strength steel material and a manufacturing method thereof.
- oil wells and gas wells are being deepened. For this reason, high strength steel pipes for oil wells (hereinafter referred to as “oil well pipes”) such as casings and tubing used in oil wells are required.
- SSC sulfide stress cracking
- SSC is one type of hydrogen embrittlement that results in fracture due to the synergistic action of the diffusion of hydrogen generated on the steel surface in the corrosive environment into the steel and the stress loaded on the steel.
- the austenitic steel material and the Ni-based alloy material having a face-centered cubic (fcc) structure generally have a body-centered cubic (bcc) structure or a body-centered square (bct) structure. (Hereinafter, these are collectively referred to as “bcc structure” in this specification.) It is known that they have excellent hydrogen embrittlement resistance compared to carbon steel materials and low alloy steel materials.
- solution heat treatment solution heat treatment
- component elements such as Ni are used for stabilization of austenite. Since a large amount is contained, the material cost is remarkably increased.
- Mn is mentioned as an element having an austenite stabilizing action and cheaper than Ni. For this reason, the technique regarding various austenitic high intensity
- Patent Document 1 includes 5.0% to 45.0% Mn and 0.5% to 2.0% V by mass, and more specifically, C: 0.10 to 1.2%. %, Si: 0.05 to 1.0%, Mn: 5.0 to 45.0% and V: 0.5 to 2.0% as essential elements, and the contents of P and S as impurities
- the amount is limited to a specific amount or less, and if necessary, further includes one or more selected from a specific amount of Cr, Ni, Cu and N, and has a substantially austenite single-phase metal structure and 758 MPa (77.3 kgf / mm).
- a steel material having a yield strength (YS) equal to or greater than the above and a method for producing the same are disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 states that, by mass, C: 1.2% or less, Si: 0.05 to 1.0%, and Mn: 5 to 45% are essential elements, and the contents of P and S as impurities are as follows.
- a metal structure that is limited to a specific amount or less, and further includes one or more selected from a specific amount of Cr, Ni, Mo, Cu, and N, and is substantially composed of austenite and ⁇ -martensite, and 758 MPa
- a steel material having a yield strength (YS) of (77.3 kgf / mm 2 ) or more and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed.
- the steel material disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an austenitic steel material, if V completely dissolved in the base austenite is sufficiently precipitated as V carbide, it is surely 758 MPa (77.3 kgf / mm). 2 )
- the above YS can be provided.
- the V precipitate is the only precipitate that is precipitated by the aging treatment after the solution heat treatment and contributes to the strength improvement, and the V content is as low as 0.5 to 2.0% by mass. For this reason, in order to stably secure a high strength of 758 MPa or more in YS by precipitation strengthening of V carbide, for example, a long aging treatment exceeding 3 hours is required.
- Patent Document 1 since the evaluation of K ISSC by DCB test is not made, there is room to consider the SSC resistance in the stress concentration portion such as a crack tip vicinity.
- Patent Document 2 ensures strength improvement by cold working after solution heat treatment. For this reason, although it is an austenitic steel material, it can certainly comprise YS of 758 MPa (77.3 kgf / mm 2 ) or more. However, in order to ensure high strength stably, for example, cold working with a cross-section reduction rate of 25% or more is required. Therefore, if the cross-section reduction rate during cold working cannot be increased due to constraints such as equipment or product size, the desired high strength of 758 MPa or more may not be ensured with YS, although the SSC resistance is good. (See Tables 2 and 3 in Examples of Patent Document 2).
- the steel material disclosed in Patent Document 3 ensures strength improvement by cold working after solution heat treatment.
- one or more of optional elements V, Nb, Ta, Ti and Zr are included, more remarkable strength improvement is achieved by aging heat treatment after solution heat treatment and cold work performed after the aging heat treatment. Is achieved.
- it is an austenitic steel material, it can certainly comprise YS of 862 MPa or more.
- it is excellent in SSC resistance, stress corrosion cracking resistance, and overall corrosion resistance by a four-point bending method using a plate-like smooth test piece.
- the steel material that has been precipitation strengthened by various carbides or carbonitrides precipitated by aging heat treatment is cold-worked.
- the cold working equipment may be subjected to a very large load.
- Patent Document 3 since the evaluation of K ISSC by DCB test is not made, there is room to consider the SSC resistance in the stress concentration portion such as a crack tip vicinity.
- the present invention can be stably ensured 758MPa or more YS, the addition, K ISSC by DCB test is 33.7MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more, to provide a high strength steel and a manufacturing method thereof austenitic Objective.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and provides the following high-strength steel materials and manufacturing methods thereof.
- the chemical composition is mass%, C: 0.30 to 1.0%, Si: 0.05 to 1.0%, Mn: 16.0-35.0%, P: 0.030% or less, S: 0.030% or less, Al: 0.003 to 0.06%, N: 0.1% or less, V: 0 to 3.0%, Ti: 0 to 1.5%, Nb: 0 to 1.5%, Cr: 0 to 5.0%, Mo: 0 to 3.0%, Cu: 0 to 1.0%, Ni: 0 to 1.0%, B: 0 to 0.02%, Zr: 0 to 0.5%, Ta: 0 to 0.5% Ca: 0 to 0.005%, Mg: 0 to 0.005%, Balance: Fe and impurities, Satisfying the following formula (i) Carbides and / or carbonitrides having a number density of carbides and / or carbonitrides with an equivalent circle diameter of 5 to 30 nm deposited in steel of 50 to 700 / ⁇ m 2 and an equivalent circle diameter of more than 100 nm The number density is less
- the chemical composition is mass%, V: 0.1-3.0% Ti: 0.003 to 1.5%, Nb: 0.003 to 1.5%, Cr: 0.1 to 5.0%, Mo: 0.5 to 3.0%, Cu: 0.1 to 1.0%, Ni: 0.1 to 1.0%, B: 0.0001 to 0.02%, Zr: 0.005 to 0.5%, Ta: 0.005 to 0.5%, Ca: 0.0003 to 0.005%, and Mg: 0.0003 to 0.005% Containing one or more selected from The high-strength steel material according to (1) above.
- the high Mn steel material of the “example of the present invention” in the example in which the crystal structure is the fcc structure and the conventional low alloy steel material in which the crystal structure is the bcc structure (0.27% C-1% Cr-0.7% Mo based low
- the alloy steel was obtained by a DCB test defined in NACE TM0177-2005 in a high strength region where YS was 758 MPa or higher with respect to a low alloy steel obtained by quenching and tempering the alloy steel (denoted as “QT” in the figure). It is a figure which compares and shows K ISSC . It is a figure which shows typically the shape of the DCB test piece used in the Example. It is a figure which shows the shape of the wedge used by the DCB test of the Example. In addition, the numerical value in a figure shows a dimension (unit: mm).
- the present inventors have found that in order to solve the above problems, using a relatively inexpensive high Mn steel was variously adjusted chemical composition, overlaid intensive studies on methods of increasing the K ISSC by YS and DCB test. As a result, the following important findings were obtained.
- C 0.30 to 1.0%
- C has an effect of stabilizing austenite even if it does not contain expensive Ni by containing it in combination with Mn described later. Furthermore, C contributes to high strength by forming fine carbides and / or carbonitrides by combining with one or more of V, Ti and Nb during aging treatment. However, when the C content is less than 0.30%, it is difficult to obtain the above effect. On the other hand, when the C content exceeds 1.0%, cementite precipitates to lower the grain boundary strength, resulting in a decrease in SSC resistance and hot workability. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.30 to 1.0%. The C content is preferably 0.40% or more. Further, the C content is preferably 0.90% or less, and more preferably less than 0.60%.
- Si 0.05 to 1.0% Si is an element effective for deoxidation of steel, and to obtain this effect, it is necessary to contain 0.05% or more. On the other hand, when the Si content exceeds 1.0%, the grain boundary strength is lowered, and the SSC resistance is lowered. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.05 to 1.0%.
- the Si content is preferably 0.1% or more, and preferably 0.8% or less.
- Mn 16.0-35.0%
- Mn has a function of stabilizing austenite at low cost by containing it in combination with C. In order to obtain this effect sufficiently, it is necessary to contain 16.0% or more of Mn.
- Mn is preferentially dissolved in a wet hydrogen sulfide environment, and if the Mn content exceeds 35.0%, the overall corrosion resistance is lowered. Therefore, the Mn content is 16.0 to 35.0%.
- the Mn content is preferably 18.0% or more, and more preferably 19.0% or more.
- Mn content is 30.0% or less, and it is more preferable that it is 25.0% or less.
- P 0.030% or less
- P is an element that segregates at grain boundaries and adversely affects SSC resistance. For this reason, P content needs to be limited to 0.030% or less.
- the content of P which is an impurity is preferably as low as possible, and is preferably 0.020% or less.
- the lower limit of the P content is not particularly set and includes 0%. However, excessive reduction of the P content causes an increase in the manufacturing cost of the steel material, so the lower limit is preferably about 0.001%.
- S 0.030% or less S is present in the steel as an impurity.
- the content of S which is an impurity is preferably as low as possible, and is preferably 0.015% or less.
- the lower limit is preferably about 0.001%.
- Al 0.003 to 0.06%
- Al is an element effective for deoxidation of steel. To obtain this effect, it is necessary to contain 0.003% or more. On the other hand, when the Al content exceeds 0.06%, oxide inclusions are particularly coarsened, which adversely affects toughness and SSC resistance. Therefore, the Al content is set to 0.003 to 0.06%.
- the Al content is preferably 0.008% or more, and preferably 0.05% or less.
- Al content of this invention points out content in acid-soluble Al (what is called "Sol.Al").
- N 0.1% or less N contributes to high strength by forming fine carbonitride by combining with one or more of V, Ti and Nb during aging treatment. However, when the N content exceeds 0.1%, the hot workability is reduced. Therefore, the N content is 0.1% or less.
- the N content is preferably 0.08% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that N content is 0.004% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 0.010% or more.
- V 0 to 3.0%
- V is an element that contributes to high strength by forming fine carbides and / or carbonitrides by combining with C or further N during aging treatment. For this reason, you may contain V as needed. However, even if V is contained excessively, the above effects are saturated, leading to an increase in material cost, and in addition, a decrease in toughness and instability of austenite may be caused. Therefore, the V content is 3.0% or less. The V content is preferably 2.9% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that V content is 0.1% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 1.0% or more.
- Ti 0 to 1.5% Ti is an element that contributes to high strength by forming fine carbides and / or carbonitrides by combining with C or N during aging treatment. For this reason, you may contain Ti as needed. However, even if Ti is contained excessively, the above effects are saturated, leading to an increase in material cost, and in addition, a decrease in toughness and instability of austenite may be caused. Therefore, the Ti content is 1.5% or less.
- the Ti content is preferably 1.1% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that Ti content is 0.003% or more, and it is more preferable that it is 0.1% or more.
- Nb 0 to 1.5%
- Nb is an element that contributes to high strength by forming fine carbides and / or carbonitrides by combining with C or further N during aging treatment. For this reason, you may contain Nb as needed. However, even if Nb is contained excessively, the above effects are saturated, leading to an increase in material cost, and in addition, a decrease in toughness and instability of austenite may be caused. Therefore, the Nb content is 1.5% or less.
- the Nb content is preferably 1.1% or less. In order to obtain the above effect, the Nb content is preferably 0.003% or more, and more preferably 0.1% or more.
- V, Ti, and Nb in the above formula (i) mean the contents (mass%) of each element in steel, and are zero when not contained.
- the value on the left side of the above formula (i) is an index for increasing the strength by forming fine V, Ti and Nb carbides and / or carbonitrides after aging treatment, and at the same time, the cross-section reduction rate is 20% or less cold. It is also an index for securing a high strength of 758 MPa or more in YS by processing and subsequent aging treatment for 2 hours or less.
- the left side value of Formula is 2.1 or more.
- the upper limit is not particularly defined, but is preferably 4.0 or less, and preferably 3.0 or less.
- any one of the above three elements may be contained alone, or two of the three elements may be combined and contained. All of them may be contained in combination.
- Cr 0 to 5.0% Cr is an element that improves the overall corrosion resistance. For this reason, you may contain Cr as needed. However, when the amount of Cr exceeds 5.0%, the SSC resistance is lowered. Therefore, the Cr content is 5.0% or less. The Cr content is preferably 4.5% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that Cr content is 0.1% or more.
- Mo 0 to 3.0% Mo is an element that improves the overall corrosion resistance. For this reason, you may contain Mo as needed. However, even if Mo is contained in an amount exceeding 3.0%, the above effect is saturated and the material cost is increased. Therefore, the Mo content is 3.0% or less. The Mo content is preferably 2.0% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that Mo content is 0.5% or more.
- the total amount when Cr and Mo are contained in combination is preferably 5.0% or less.
- Cu 0 to 1.0%
- Cu is an element effective for stabilizing austenite. For this reason, you may contain Cu as needed. However, when Cu is contained in a large amount, local corrosion is promoted and a stress concentration portion is formed on the steel surface. Therefore, the Cu content is 1.0% or less. The Cu content is preferably 0.8% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that Cu content is 0.1% or more.
- Ni 0 to 1.0%
- Ni is an element effective for stabilizing austenite. For this reason, you may contain Ni as needed. However, when Ni is contained in a large amount, local corrosion is promoted and a stress concentration portion is formed on the steel surface. Therefore, the Ni content is 1.0% or less. The Ni content is preferably 0.8% or less. In order to obtain the above effect, the Ni content is preferably 0.1% or more.
- the total amount when Cu and Ni are combined and contained is preferably 1.0% or less.
- B 0 to 0.02%
- B has the effect
- the B content is preferably 0.015% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that B content is 0.0001% or more.
- Zr 0 to 0.5%
- Zr is an element that forms a carbide and / or carbonitride and has a precipitation strengthening action. For this reason, you may contain Zr as needed. However, even if Zr is contained in a large amount, the above effects are saturated, leading to an increase in material cost, and in addition, a decrease in toughness and instability of austenite may be caused. Therefore, the Zr content is 0.5% or less. The Zr content is preferably 0.4% or less. In order to obtain the above effect stably, the Zr content is preferably 0.005% or more.
- Ta 0 to 0.5%
- Ta is an element that forms a carbide and / or carbonitride and has a precipitation strengthening action. For this reason, you may contain Ta as needed. However, even if Ta is contained in a large amount, the above effects are saturated, resulting in an increase in material cost, and also a decrease in toughness and instability of austenite may be caused. Therefore, the Ta content is 0.5% or less.
- the Ta content is preferably 0.4% or less. In order to obtain the above effect, the Ta content is preferably 0.005% or more.
- the total amount is preferably 0.5% or less.
- Ca 0 to 0.005%
- Ca has the effect
- the Ca content is preferably 0.003% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that Ca content is 0.0003% or more.
- Mg 0 to 0.005% Mg has the effect of controlling the form of inclusions to improve toughness and corrosion resistance. For this reason, you may contain Mg as needed. However, when Mg is contained in a large amount, inclusions may be clustered, leading to a decrease in toughness and corrosion resistance. Therefore, the Mg content is 0.005% or less.
- the Mg content is preferably 0.003% or less. In order to acquire said effect, it is preferable that Mg content is 0.0003% or more.
- the total amount is preferably 0.005% or less.
- the balance is Fe and impurities.
- impurities are components mixed in due to various factors of raw materials such as ores and scraps and manufacturing processes when industrially producing steel materials, and are permitted within a range that does not adversely affect the present invention. Means what will be done.
- the steel material is strengthened by precipitating carbides and / or carbonitrides (hereinafter collectively referred to as “precipitates”).
- precipitates precipitate inside the steel material and contribute to strengthening by making dislocations difficult to move. If the size of these precipitates is less than 5 nm in terms of the equivalent circle diameter, they do not act as an obstacle when dislocations move. On the other hand, if the size of the precipitate is larger than the equivalent circle diameter of 30 nm and becomes coarse, the number of the precipitates is extremely reduced, so that it does not contribute to strengthening. Therefore, the size of the precipitate suitable for precipitation strengthening the steel material is 5 to 30 nm.
- the number density of precipitates having a circle equivalent diameter of 5 to 30 nm in the metal structure is 50 to 700 / ⁇ m 2 .
- the number density of precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 to 30 nm is preferably 100 / ⁇ m 2 or more, and more preferably 150 / ⁇ m 2 or more.
- the number density of precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 to 30 nm is preferably 650 / ⁇ m 2 or less, and more preferably 600 / ⁇ m 2 or less.
- the number density of precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter exceeding 100 nm needs to be less than 10 / ⁇ m 2 .
- the number density of precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter exceeding 100 nm is preferably less than 7 / ⁇ m 2 , and more preferably less than 5 / ⁇ m 2 .
- the number density of precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter of more than 30 nm and not more than 100 nm is preferably 70 / ⁇ m 2 or less, and more preferably 60 / ⁇ m 2 or less.
- the number density of precipitates is measured by the following method.
- a thin film having a thickness of 100 nm is prepared from the inside of the steel material (thickness central portion), and the thin film is observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), and the above-mentioned equivalent circle diameter within a 1 ⁇ m square field is 5 to 30 nm.
- the number of precipitates, precipitates exceeding 30 nm and not more than 100 nm and precipitates exceeding 100 nm are measured.
- the number density is measured in three or more fields of view, and the average value is obtained.
- YS of high strength steel The YS of the high-strength steel material according to the present invention is 758 MPa or more. If YS is 758 MPa or more, it can sufficiently withstand the recent deep well formation of oil wells. YS is preferably 760 MPa or more. YS is preferably 1000 MPa or less, and more preferably 950 MPa or less. In the present invention, “YS” means “YS in room temperature atmosphere”.
- K ISSC of high strength steel The K ISSC of the high-strength steel material according to the present invention is 33.7 MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more. If K ISSC is 33.7 MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more, there is no problem with SSC resistance at stress concentration parts such as near the crack tip, and it is sufficiently stable for deep well formation in the recent sour environment. Can withstand. K ISSC is preferably 34.0 MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more. The upper limit of K ISSC is assumed to be about 50.0 MPa ⁇ m 0.5 . Note that “K ISSC ” in the present invention refers to a value determined by a DCB test using a test piece and a wedge having a shape shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 as defined in NACE TM0177-2005.
- the high-strength steel material of the present invention can be manufactured by the following method.
- the high Mn steel having the above-described chemical composition is melted by the same method as general austenitic steel, and then ingot or slab is formed by casting.
- a slab having a round billet shape for pipe making may be formed by a so-called “round CC” method.
- the cast ingot or slab is subjected to partial rolling or hot forging.
- This step is a step of obtaining a material used for final hot working (for example, hot rolling, hot extrusion, hot forging) for processing into a predetermined shape such as a thick plate, a round bar, and a seamless steel pipe. is there.
- a material used for final hot working for example, hot rolling, hot extrusion, hot forging
- the slab made into the circular billet shape can be directly finished into a steel pipe by using the “round CC” method, it is not always necessary to perform the ingot rolling or the hot forging.
- Hot Working Step After heating the above steel material to 900 to 1200 ° C., it is finished into a predetermined shape.
- the heating temperature is lower than 900 ° C., deformation resistance during hot working increases and the load received by the processing equipment increases, which may cause processing defects such as wrinkles or cracks.
- the heating temperature exceeds 1200 ° C., high-temperature grain boundary cracking or ductility reduction may occur. Therefore, the heating temperature in hot workability is set to 900 to 1200 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 950 ° C. or higher, and preferably 1150 ° C. or lower.
- the heating temperature in this process refers to the temperature at the surface of the steel material.
- the holding time in the above temperature range is preferably 10 to 180 minutes, more preferably 20 to 120 minutes, depending on the size or shape of the product.
- the finishing temperature for hot working is preferably 800 to 1150 ° C, more preferably 1000 to 1150 ° C.
- (C) Solution heat treatment step The steel material after cooling to a temperature of 100 ° C. or lower needs to sufficiently dissolve precipitates such as carbides in the base austenite. Accordingly, in the present invention, precipitates and the like can be sufficiently dissolved, and in order to obtain temperature and time conditions that do not cause coarsening of austenite grains, the temperature is maintained at 800 to 1200 ° C. for 10 minutes or more. And The solution heat treatment temperature is preferably 1000 ° C. or higher, and preferably 1150 ° C. or lower.
- the heating temperature in this process also refers to the temperature at the surface of the steel material.
- the holding time in the temperature range of the solution heat treatment is preferably 20 minutes or more, more preferably 180 minutes or less, depending on the size or shape of the product.
- the rapid cooling after holding for the above-mentioned time is performed at a cooling rate that prevents precipitation of carbides and intermetallic compounds during cooling and does not cause thermal distortion by an appropriate method such as water cooling, oil cooling, or mist cooling. Just do it.
- Specific examples of the cooling rate include water cooling or oil cooling of 1 ° C./second or more. In this case, it is preferable that the temperature range up to about 300 ° C. is cooled at a cooling rate of 10 ° C./second or more.
- (D) Cold working step The steel material quenched in the solution heat treatment step is subjected to a cold working of 5 to 20% in terms of the cross-sectional reduction rate in order to secure carbide and carbonitride nucleation sites. If the cross-section reduction rate is less than 5%, it may not be possible to secure a high strength of 758 MPa or more in YS. On the other hand, if the cross-section reduction rate exceeds 20%, there may be restrictions in terms of equipment or product size. The cross-sectional reduction rate is preferably 18% or less.
- the number of cold workings is not particularly limited, and may be one or more times. However, when performing cold working a plurality of times, it is needless to say that the total cross-section reduction rate does not exceed 20%, but it is necessary to perform the work without softening in the middle.
- the above-mentioned “(total) cross-section reduction rate” means “S 0 ” as the cross-sectional area of the steel material before the first cold work, and “S 0 ” as the cross-sectional area of the steel material after the final cold work. S f ” ⁇ (S 0 -S f ) / S 0 ⁇ ⁇ 100 The value represented by
- (E) Aging treatment step The steel material subjected to the above cold working is subjected to an aging treatment which is maintained at 600 to 750 ° C. for 0.5 to 2 hours so that YS of 758 MPa or more can be secured stably.
- the aging treatment temperature is less than 600 ° C. or the aging treatment time is less than 0.5 hour, the precipitation effect of V, Ti and Nb carbides and / or carbonitrides effective for strengthening is not sufficient, A high strength of 758 MPa or more may not be secured with YS.
- the aging treatment temperature exceeds 750 ° C.
- the aging treatment temperature in this step also refers to the temperature at the surface of the steel material.
- Hot Working Step After heating the above steel material to 900-1200 ° C., it is finished to a predetermined shape at 800 ° C. or higher.
- the heating temperature of the steel material is lower than 900 ° C., the deformation resistance during hot working increases, and the load received by the processing equipment increases, which may cause processing defects such as wrinkles or cracks.
- the heating temperature exceeds 1200 ° C., high-temperature grain boundary cracking or ductility reduction may occur. Therefore, the heating temperature of the steel material in the hot working process is set to 900 to 1200 ° C.
- the heating temperature is preferably 1000 ° C. or higher, and preferably 1150 ° C. or lower.
- finishing temperature of hot working is below 800 ° C., precipitates such as carbides are formed, and the precipitates may remain in the base austenite without being sufficiently dissolved in the so-called “direct solution heat treatment” in the next step. is there.
- the finishing temperature for hot working is preferably 1000 ° C. or higher, and preferably 1150 ° C. or lower.
- the heating temperature and finishing temperature in this process refer to the temperature at the surface of the steel material.
- the holding time in the heating temperature range is preferably 10 to 180 minutes, more preferably 20 to 120 minutes, depending on the size or shape of the product.
- (H) Solid solution heat treatment step The steel material finished in a predetermined shape at 1000 ° C. or higher is then immediately quenched to leave precipitates such as carbides in a sufficiently solid solution state in the base austenite. it can.
- the rapid cooling in this step is a cooling rate that prevents precipitation of carbides and intermetallic compounds during cooling, such as water cooling, oil cooling, or mist cooling, and does not cause thermal strain, as in step (c). Just do it.
- the rapid cooling described above is preferably performed within 180 seconds after finishing by hot working although it depends on the size or shape of the product.
- step (I) Cold working step
- the steel material quenched in the so-called “direct solution heat treatment” in step (h) is cooled by 5 to 20% in terms of cross-sectional reduction to secure carbide and carbonitride nucleation sites. Apply inter-processing. If the cross-section reduction rate is less than 5%, it may not be possible to secure a high strength of 758 MPa or more in YS. On the other hand, if the cross-section reduction rate exceeds 20%, there may be restrictions in terms of equipment or product size.
- the cross-sectional reduction rate is preferably 18% or less.
- the number of cold workings is not particularly limited as long as the cross-sectional reduction rate is 5 to 20%, and may be one or more times. However, when performing cold working a plurality of times, it is needless to say that the total cross-section reduction rate does not exceed 20%, but it is necessary to perform the work without softening in the middle.
- (J) Aging treatment step The steel material subjected to the above cold working is subjected to an aging treatment that is maintained at 600 to 750 ° C. for 0.5 to 2 hours so that YS of 758 MPa or more can be secured stably.
- the aging treatment temperature is less than 600 ° C. or the aging treatment time is less than 0.5 hour, the precipitation effect of V, Ti and Nb carbides and / or carbonitrides effective for strengthening is not sufficient, A high strength of 758 MPa or more may not be secured with YS.
- the aging treatment temperature exceeds 750 ° C.
- the aging treatment temperature in this step also refers to the temperature at the surface of the steel material.
- the steel material subjected to the solution heat treatment in the step (c) or the step (h) may be subjected to mechanical processing such as cutting or peeling before cold working as necessary. Further, in the case of cold working, it is preferable to perform a lubricating treatment by an appropriate method.
- Steel No. in Table 1 1-21 are steels whose chemical compositions are within the range defined by the present invention.
- Steel No. 22 to 24 are steels whose chemical compositions deviate from the conditions defined in the present invention.
- the plate material having a thickness of 40 mm obtained as described above was hot-rolled into a plate material having a thickness of 20 mm under the conditions shown in Table 2. Thereafter, test no. 1 to 10, 13 to 15, and 18 to 52 were cooled to room temperature after finish rolling, and then reheated to perform solution heat treatment. In addition, Test No. For 11, 12, 16 and 17, solution heat treatment was directly applied after finish rolling. All these samples were further subjected to cold rolling and aging treatment under the conditions shown in Table 2 to obtain test materials.
- the base metal structure was first investigated. Specifically, the volume ratio of the bcc structure phase was measured using a ferrite meter (model number: FE8e3) manufactured by Helmut Fischer. As a result, no bcc structural phase was detected in test numbers 1 to 51. On the other hand, in the test number 52 and the test number 53, the bcc structure phase was recognized.
- a thin film having a thickness of 100 nm was prepared from the central portion in the thickness direction of each test material, and the thin film was observed by TEM, and a precipitate having an equivalent circle diameter of 5 to 30 nm and 100 nm contained in a 1 ⁇ m square field of view. The number of precipitates exceeding the number was measured. In addition, the number of precipitates was measured in 3 visual fields, and the average value was used.
- a round bar tensile test piece having a diameter of 4 mm in parallel with the rolling direction (longitudinal direction) was cut out from the central portion in the thickness direction of each test material, and subjected to a tensile test in the air at room temperature to obtain YS.
- a DCB test piece having a notch and a hole as shown in FIG. 2 in the rolling direction (longitudinal direction) and a wedge having a thickness of 2.92 mm as shown in FIG. 3 are sampled from the center in the thickness direction of each test material. did.
- the solution A defined in NACE TM0177-2005 (5% NaCl + 0.5% CH 3 COOH aqueous solution, concentration is mass%) was degassed and injected into the autoclave.
- 1 atm of hydrogen sulfide gas was passed through the autoclave, and the liquid phase was stirred to saturate the hydrogen sulfide gas into the liquid phase.
- the liquid phase was stirred and held at 24 ° C. for 336 hours, after which the gas was replaced with nitrogen and the test piece was taken out.
- FIG. 1 shows a high Mn steel material of “Invention Example” of Test Nos. 1-36 having a crystal structure of fcc structure and a conventional low alloy steel material having a bcc structure of crystal structure (0.27% C-1%). Obtained by the above DCB test in a high strength region where YS is 758 MPa or higher for a low alloy steel obtained by quenching and tempering Cr-0.7% Mo-based low alloy steel (denoted as “QT” in the figure). The KISSC obtained are shown in comparison.
- test no. In Nos. 1 to 36 YS is 758 MPa or more, and K ISSC by DCB test is 33.7 MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more, and it is clear that it has good SSC resistance.
- test No. 37-53 are either not be obtained a high strength of more than 758MPa at YS, not obtained SSC resistance that K ISSC is 33.7MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more by DCB test.
- test No. As shown in 37 to 46, even when steel whose chemical composition satisfies the provisions of the present invention is used, a high strength of 758 MPa or more cannot be obtained in YS if the production conditions are not preferable.
- test no That was not cold worked before aging treatment. In 37 and 38, even if an aging treatment was performed under appropriate conditions thereafter, fine precipitates were not sufficiently generated, and the required strength could not be obtained. Similarly, Test No. which was not cold worked before aging treatment. In No. 46, even when the aging treatment was performed for a long time, coarse precipitates were generated, and the strength was decreased.
- Test No. not subjected to aging treatment In 39 to 41, 43 and 44, no precipitate was formed and the strength was lowered. In addition, Test No. In No. 42, since the aging treatment time was too long, the precipitates became coarse and the strength decreased. Furthermore, test no. In No. 45, since the aging treatment temperature was too low, sufficient fine precipitates were not generated and the required strength could not be obtained.
- plate-like smooth test pieces were collected from the plate materials prepared in Test Nos. 1 to 36 in the same manner as described above, and the solution A specified in NACE TM0177-2005 saturated with 1 atm of hydrogen sulfide gas was used at 24 ° C. Was immersed for 336 hours, and the corrosion weight loss was determined. As a result, it was confirmed that the corrosion weight loss was small and the overall corrosion resistance was excellent.
- the high-strength steel material of the present invention has a yield stress of 758 MPa or more and a K ISSC by DCB test of 33.7 MPa ⁇ m 0.5 or more. it can. Moreover, said high-strength steel material can be obtained with the manufacturing method of this invention.
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Abstract
Description
C:0.30~1.0%、
Si:0.05~1.0%、
Mn:16.0~35.0%、
P:0.030%以下、
S:0.030%以下、
Al:0.003~0.06%、
N:0.1%以下、
V:0~3.0%、
Ti:0~1.5%、
Nb:0~1.5%、
Cr:0~5.0%、
Mo:0~3.0%、
Cu:0~1.0%、
Ni:0~1.0%、
B:0~0.02%、
Zr:0~0.5%、
Ta:0~0.5%、
Ca:0~0.005%、
Mg:0~0.005%、
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
下記(i)式を満足し、
鋼中に析出する円相当直径が5~30nmの炭化物および/または炭窒化物の個数密度が50~700個/μm2であり、かつ、円相当直径が100nmを超える炭化物および/または炭窒化物の個数密度が10個/μm2未満であり、
降伏応力が758MPa以上であり、
DCB試験によるKISSCの値が33.7MPa・m0.5以上である、
高強度鋼材。
V+Ti+Nb>2.0 ・・・(i)
但し、上記(i)式中のV、TiおよびNbは、それぞれの元素の鋼中含有量(質量%)を意味し、含有されない場合はゼロとする。
V:0.1~3.0%、
Ti:0.003~1.5%、
Nb:0.003~1.5%、
Cr:0.1~5.0%、
Mo:0.5~3.0%、
Cu:0.1~1.0%、
Ni:0.1~1.0%、
B:0.0001~0.02%、
Zr:0.005~0.5%、
Ta:0.005~0.5%、
Ca:0.0003~0.005%、および
Mg:0.0003~0.005%
から選択される1種以上を含有する、
上記(1)に記載の高強度鋼材。
上記(1)または(2)に記載の高強度鋼材の製造方法。
(a)900~1200℃に加熱した後、所定の形状に仕上げる、熱間加工工程
(b)100℃以下の温度まで冷却する、冷却工程
(c)800~1200℃に加熱して10分以上保持した後、急冷する、固溶化熱処理工程
(d)断面減少率で5~20%の加工を行う、冷間加工工程
(e)600~750℃で0.5~2時間保持する、時効処理工程
(f)100℃以下の温度まで冷却する、冷却工程
上記(1)または(2)に記載の高強度鋼材の製造方法。
(g)900~1200℃に加熱した後、800℃以上で所定の形状に仕上げる、熱間加工工程
(h)上記(g)の工程に引き続いて直ちに急冷する、固溶化熱処理工程
(i)断面減少率で5~20%の加工を行う、冷間加工工程
(j)600~750℃で0.5~2時間保持する、時効処理工程
(k)100℃以下の温度まで冷却する、冷却工程
本発明に係る鋼材の化学組成の限定理由は次のとおりである。以下の説明において各元素の含有量についての「%」は、「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、後述のMnと複合して含有させることにより、高価なNiを含有させなくても、オーステナイトを安定化させる効果を有する。さらに、Cは、時効処理時に、V、TiおよびNbの1種以上と結び付くことにより微細な炭化物および/または炭窒化物を形成して高強度化にも寄与する。しかしながら、C含有量が0.30%未満では、上記の効果が得難い。一方、C含有量が1.0%を超えると、セメンタイトが析出して粒界強度を低下させ、耐SSC性および熱間加工性の低下をきたす。したがって、C含有量は0.30~1.0%とする。C含有量は0.40%以上であるのが好ましい。また、C含有量は0.90%以下であるのが好ましく、0.60%未満であるのがより好ましい。
Siは、鋼の脱酸に有効な元素であり、この効果を得るには、0.05%以上含有させる必要がある。一方、Si含有量が1.0%を超えると、粒界強度を低下させて耐SSC性の低下を招く。したがって、Si含有量は0.05~1.0%とする。Si含有量は0.1%以上であるのが好ましく、0.8%以下であるのが好ましい。
Mnは、上記Cと複合して含有させることにより、安価でかつオーステナイトを安定化させる作用を有する。この効果を十分に得るには、Mnを16.0%以上含有させる必要がある。一方、湿潤硫化水素環境中ではMnは優先的に溶解し、Mnの含有量が35.0%を超えると耐全面腐食性の低下をきたす。したがって、Mn含有量は16.0~35.0%とする。Mn含有量は18.0%以上であるのが好ましく、19.0%以上であるのがより好ましい。また、Mn含有量は30.0%以下であるのが好ましく、25.0%以下であるのがより好ましい。
Pは、粒界に偏析し、耐SSC性に悪影響を及ぼす元素である。このため、P含有量は0.030%以下に制限する必要がある。不純物であるPの含有量はできるだけ低いことが好ましく、0.020%以下であることが好ましい。P含有量の下限は特に設けず、0%を含む。しかし、P含有量の過度の低減は鋼材の製造コストの上昇を招くので、下限は0.001%程度とするのがよい。
Sは、不純物として鋼中に存在し、特に、その含有量が0.030%を超えると、粒界に偏析するとともに、硫化物系の介在物を生成して耐SSC性を低下させる。したがって、S含有量は、0.030%以下とする。不純物であるSの含有量もできるだけ低いことが好ましく、0.015%以下であることが好ましい。S含有量の下限は特に設けず、0%を含む。しかし、S含有量の過度の低減は鋼材の製造コストの上昇を招くので、下限は0.001%程度とするのがよい。
Alは、鋼の脱酸に有効な元素であり、この効果を得るには、0.003%以上含有させる必要がある。一方、Al含有量が0.06%を超えると、特に酸化物系の介在物が粗大化して、靱性および耐SSCに悪影響を与える。したがって、Al含有量は0.003~0.06%とする。Al含有量は0.008%以上であるのが好ましく、0.05%以下であるのが好ましい。なお、本発明のAl含有量とは、酸可溶Al(いわゆる「Sol.Al」)での含有量を指す。
Nは、時効処理時に、V、TiおよびNbの1種以上と結び付くことにより微細な炭窒化物を形成して高強度化に寄与する。しかしながら、N含有量が0.1%を超えると、熱間加工性の低下を招く。したがって、Nの含有量を0.1%以下とする。N含有量は0.08%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、N含有量は0.004%以上であるのが好ましく、0.010%以上であるのがより好ましい。
Vは、時効処理時に、CまたはさらにNと結び付いて微細な炭化物および/または炭窒化物を形成し、高強度化に寄与する元素である。このため、必要に応じてVを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Vを過剰に含有させても上記の効果が飽和して材料コストの上昇を招く上に、靱性の低下およびオーステナイトの不安定化を招くことがある。したがって、V含有量は3.0%以下とする。V含有量は2.9%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、V含有量は0.1%以上であるのが好ましく、1.0%以上であるのがより好ましい。
Tiは、時効処理時に、CまたはさらにNと結び付いて微細な炭化物および/または炭窒化物を形成し、高強度化に寄与する元素である。このため、必要に応じてTiを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Tiを過剰に含有させても上記の効果が飽和して材料コストの上昇を招く上に、靱性の低下およびオーステナイトの不安定化を招くことがある。したがって、Ti含有量は1.5%以下とする。Ti含有量は1.1%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Ti含有量は0.003%以上であるのが好ましく、0.1%以上であるのがより好ましい。
Nbは、時効処理時に、CまたはさらにNと結び付いて微細な炭化物および/または炭窒化物を形成し、高強度化に寄与する元素である。このため、必要に応じてNbを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Nbを過剰に含有させても上記の効果が飽和して材料コストの上昇を招く上に、靱性の低下およびオーステナイトの不安定化を招くことがある。したがって、Nb含有量は1.5%以下とする。Nb含有量は1.1%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Nb含有量は0.003%以上であるのが好ましく、0.1%以上であるのがより好ましい。
但し、上記(i)式中のV、TiおよびNbは、それぞれの元素の鋼中含有量(質量%)を意味し、含有されない場合はゼロとする。
上記(i)式左辺値は、時効処理後の微細なV、TiおよびNbの炭化物および/または炭窒化物形成による高強度化の指標であると同時に、断面減少率で20%以下の冷間加工とその後の2時間以下の時効処理とによって、YSで758MPa以上という高強度を確保するための指標でもある。
Crは、耐全面腐食性を向上させる元素である。このため、必要に応じてCrを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、5.0%を超える量のCrを含有させると、耐SSC性を低下させる。したがって、Cr含有量は5.0%以下とする。Cr含有量は4.5%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Cr含有量は0.1%以上であるのが好ましい。
Moは、耐全面腐食性を向上させる元素である。このため、必要に応じてMoを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、3.0%を超える量のMoを含有させても上記の効果が飽和して材料コストの上昇を招く。したがって、Mo含有量は3.0%以下とする。Mo含有量は2.0%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Mo含有量は0.5%以上であるのが好ましい。
Cuは、オーステナイトを安定化させるのに有効な元素である。このため、必要に応じてCuを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Cuを多量に含有させると、局部腐食を促進して、鋼材表面に応力集中部を形成する。したがって、Cu含有量は1.0%以下とする。Cu含有量は0.8%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Cu含有量は0.1%以上であるのが好ましい。
Niは、オーステナイトを安定化させるのに有効な元素である。このため、必要に応じてNiを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Niを多量に含有させると、局部腐食を促進して、鋼材表面に応力集中部を形成する。したがって、Ni含有量は1.0%以下とする。Ni含有量は0.8%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Ni含有量は0.1%以上であるのが好ましい。
Bは、析出物を微細化する作用とオーステナイト粒を微細化する作用とを有する。このため、必要に応じてBを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Bの含有量が過剰になると、熱間加工性の低下を招く。したがって、B含有量は0.02%以下とする。B含有量は0.015%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、B含有量は0.0001%以上であるのが好ましい。
Zrは、炭化物および/または炭窒化物を形成して、析出強化作用を有する元素である。このため、必要に応じてZrを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Zrを多量に含有させても上記の効果が飽和して材料コストの上昇を招く上に、靱性の低下およびオーステナイトの不安定化を招くことがある。したがって、Zr含有量は0.5%以下とする。Zr含有量は0.4%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を安定して得るためには、Zr含有量は0.005%以上であるのが好ましい。
Taは、炭化物および/または炭窒化物を形成して、析出強化作用を有する元素である。このため、必要に応じてTaを含有させてもよい。しかしながら、Taを多量に含有させても上記の効果が飽和して材料コストの上昇を招く上に、靱性の低下およびオーステナイトの不安定化を招くことがある。したがって、Ta含有量は0.5%以下とする。Ta含有量は0.4%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Ta含有量は0.005%以上であるのが好ましい。
Caは、介在物の形態を制御して、靱性および耐食性を改善する作用を有する。このため、必要に応じてCaを含有させても良い。しかしながら、Caを多量に含有させると、介在物がクラスター化して、却って靱性および耐食性の低下を招くことがある。したがって、Ca含有量は0.005%以下とする。Ca含有量は0.003%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Ca含有量は0.0003%以上であるのが好ましい。
Mgは、介在物の形態を制御して、靱性および耐食性を改善する作用を有する。このため、必要に応じてMgを含有させても良い。しかしながら、Mgを多量に含有させると、介在物がクラスター化して、却って靱性および耐食性の低下を招くことがある。したがって、Mg含有量は0.005%以下とする。Mg含有量は0.003%以下であるのが好ましい。上記の効果を得るためには、Mg含有量は0.0003%以上であるのが好ましい。
上述のように、オーステナイト系鋼材は一般的に低強度である。そのため、本発明においては、炭化物および/または炭窒化物(以下、これらを合わせて「析出物」ともいう。)を析出させることによって鋼材を強化させる。析出物は、鋼材内部に析出し、転位を動きにくくすることで強化に寄与する。これら析出物の大きさが円相当直径で5nm未満であると、転位が動く際の障害として働かない。一方、析出物の大きさが円相当直径で30nmを超えて粗大になると、個数が極端に減るため、強化に寄与しなくなる。したがって、鋼材を析出強化させるのに適した析出物の大きさは、5~30nmである。
本発明に係る高強度鋼材のYSは、758MPa以上である。YSが758MPa以上であれば、最近の油井の深井戸化にも十分安定して耐えることができる。YSは760MPa以上であることが好ましい。また、YSは1000MPa以下であることが好ましく、950MPa以下であることがより好ましい。なお、本発明における「YS」とは「室温大気中でのYS」を指す。
本発明に係る高強度鋼材のKISSCは、33.7MPa・m0.5以上である。KISSCが33.7MPa・m0.5以上であれば、き裂先端近傍等の応力集中部における耐SSC性も問題がなく、最近のサワー環境での油井の深井戸化にも十分安定して耐えることができる。KISSCは34.0MPa・m0.5以上であることが好ましい。また、KISSCの上限は50.0MPa・m0.5程度であると想定される。なお、本発明における「KISSC」とは、NACE TM0177-2005に規定された、図2および図3に示す形状の試験片とくさびを用いたDCB試験によって求められる値を指す。
本発明の高強度鋼材は、以下の方法によって製造することができる。
(a)熱間加工工程
上述した鋼材を900~1200℃に加熱した後、所定の形状に仕上げる。加熱温度が900℃を下回ると、熱間加工時の変形抵抗が大きくなって加工設備が受ける負荷が大きくなり、疵または割れ等の加工不良を生じることがある。一方、加熱温度が1200℃を上回ると、高温粒界割れまたは延性低下をきたすことがある。したがって、熱間加工性における加熱温度を900~1200℃とする。加熱温度は950℃以上とすることが好ましく、1150℃以下とすることが好ましい。
所定の形状に仕上げた後、鋼材は100℃以下の温度まで冷却される。この際の冷却速度については、特に制限がない。
100℃以下の温度まで冷却した後の鋼材は、炭化物等の析出物を基地のオーステナイト中に十分固溶させる必要がある。したがって、本発明においては、析出物等を十分固溶させることができ、しかもオーステナイト粒の粗大化が生じない温度、時間条件とするために、800~1200℃の温度で、10分以上の保持とする。固溶化熱処理温度は1000℃以上とすることが好ましく、1150℃以下とすることが好ましい。
固溶化熱処理工程で急冷した鋼材に対して、炭化物および炭窒化物の核生成サイトを確保するため断面減少率で5~20%の冷間加工を施す。断面減少率が5%未満であると、YSで758MPa以上という高強度が確保できないことがある。一方、断面減少率が20%を超えると、設備または製品サイズ等の面で制約を受ける場合がある。断面減少率は18%以下とすることが好ましい。
{(S0-Sf)/S0}×100
で表される値を指す。
上記の冷間加工を施した鋼材に、安定して758MPa以上のYSが確保できるように600~750℃で0.5~2時間保持する、時効処理を施す。時効処理温度が600℃未満であるか、または時効処理時間が0.5時間未満であると、強化に有効なV、TiおよびNbの炭化物および/または炭窒化物の析出効果が十分ではなく、YSで758MPa以上の高強度が確保できないことがある。一方、時効処理温度が750℃を超えるか、または時効処理時間が2時間を超えると、過時効状態になって、YSで758MPa以上の高強度が確保できないことがある。加えて、時効処理時間が2時間を超える場合には、生産性の点で不利になり、エネルギーコストが嵩む。この工程での時効処理温度も、鋼材の表面における温度を指す。
時効処理を施した後、鋼材は100℃以下の温度まで冷却される。この際、工程(c)と同様の急冷が好ましい。
(g)熱間加工工程
上述した鋼材を900~1200℃に加熱した後、800℃以上で所定の形状に仕上げる。鋼材の加熱温度が900℃を下回ると、熱間加工時の変形抵抗が大きくなって加工設備が受ける負荷が大きくなり、疵または割れ等の加工不良を生じることがある。一方、加熱温度が1200℃を上回ると、高温粒界割れまたは延性低下をきたすことがある。したがって、熱間加工工程における鋼材の加熱温度を900~1200℃とする。加熱温度は1000℃以上とすることが好ましく、1150℃以下とすることが好ましい。
1000℃以上で所定の形状に仕上げた鋼材は、引き続いて直ちに急冷することによって、炭化物等の析出物を基地のオーステナイト中に十分固溶した状態のままにすることができる。なお、この工程における急冷も、工程(c)と同様に、例えば、水冷、油冷またはミスト冷却など、冷却中に炭化物および金属間化合物の析出が防止できるとともに熱ひずみを生じない程度の冷却速度で行えばよい。上記の急冷は、製品のサイズまたは形状にもよるが、熱間加工で仕上げた後180秒以内に行うことが好ましい。
工程(h)のいわゆる「直接固溶化熱処理」で急冷した鋼材に対して、炭化物および炭窒化物の核生成サイトを確保するため断面減少率で5~20%の冷間加工を施す。断面減少率が5%未満であると、YSで758MPa以上という高強度が確保できないことがある。一方、断面減少率が20%を超えると、設備または製品サイズ等の面で制約を受ける場合がある。断面減少率は18%以下とすることが好ましい。
上記の冷間加工を施した鋼材に、安定して758MPa以上のYSが確保できるように600~750℃で0.5~2時間保持する、時効処理を施す。時効処理温度が600℃未満であるか、または時効処理時間が0.5時間未満であると、強化に有効なV、TiおよびNbの炭化物および/または炭窒化物の析出効果が十分ではなく、YSで758MPa以上の高強度が確保できないことがある。一方、時効処理温度が750℃を超えるか、または時効処理時間が2時間を超えると、過時効状態になって、YSで758MPa以上の高強度が確保できないことがある。加えて、時効処理時間が2時間を超える場合には、生産性の点で不利になり、エネルギーコストが嵩む。この工程での時効処理温度も、鋼材の表面における温度を指す。
時効処理を施した後、鋼材は100℃以下の温度まで冷却される。この際、工程(c)と同様の急冷が好ましい。
Claims (4)
- 化学組成が、質量%で、
C:0.30~1.0%、
Si:0.05~1.0%、
Mn:16.0~35.0%、
P:0.030%以下、
S:0.030%以下、
Al:0.003~0.06%、
N:0.1%以下、
V:0~3.0%、
Ti:0~1.5%、
Nb:0~1.5%、
Cr:0~5.0%、
Mo:0~3.0%、
Cu:0~1.0%、
Ni:0~1.0%、
B:0~0.02%、
Zr:0~0.5%、
Ta:0~0.5%、
Ca:0~0.005%、
Mg:0~0.005%、
残部:Feおよび不純物であり、
下記(i)式を満足し、
鋼中に析出する円相当直径が5~30nmの炭化物および/または炭窒化物の個数密度が50~700個/μm2であり、かつ、円相当直径が100nmを超える炭化物および/または炭窒化物の個数密度が10個/μm2未満であり、
降伏応力が758MPa以上であり、
DCB試験によるKISSCの値が33.7MPa・m0.5以上である、
高強度鋼材。
V+Ti+Nb>2.0 ・・・(i)
但し、上記(i)式中のV、TiおよびNbは、それぞれの元素の鋼中含有量(質量%)を意味し、含有されない場合はゼロとする。 - 前記化学組成が、質量%で、
V:0.1~3.0%、
Ti:0.003~1.5%、
Nb:0.003~1.5%、
Cr:0.1~5.0%、
Mo:0.5~3.0%、
Cu:0.1~1.0%、
Ni:0.1~1.0%、
B:0.0001~0.02%、
Zr:0.005~0.5%、
Ta:0.005~0.5%、
Ca:0.0003~0.005%、および
Mg:0.0003~0.005%
から選択される1種以上を含有する、
請求項1に記載の高強度鋼材。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の化学組成を有する鋼材に対して、下記(a)~(f)の工程の処理を順に施す、
請求項1または請求項2に記載の高強度鋼材の製造方法。
(a)900~1200℃に加熱した後、所定の形状に仕上げる、熱間加工工程
(b)100℃以下の温度まで冷却する、冷却工程
(c)800~1200℃に加熱して10分以上保持した後、急冷する、固溶化熱処理工程
(d)断面減少率で5~20%の加工を行う、冷間加工工程
(e)600~750℃で0.5~2時間保持する、時効処理工程
(f)100℃以下の温度まで冷却する、冷却工程 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の化学組成を有する鋼材に対して、下記(g)~(k)の工程の処理を順に施す、
請求項1または請求項2に記載の高強度鋼材の製造方法。
(g)900~1200℃に加熱した後、800℃以上で所定の形状に仕上げる、熱間加工工程
(h)上記(g)の工程に引き続いて直ちに急冷する、固溶化熱処理工程
(i)断面減少率で5~20%の加工を行う、冷間加工工程
(j)600~750℃で0.5~2時間保持する、時効処理工程
(k)100℃以下の温度まで冷却する、冷却工程
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MX2018011714A MX2018011714A (es) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | Material de acero de alta resistencia y metodo de produccion. |
JP2018509003A JP6597887B2 (ja) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | 高強度鋼材およびその製造方法 |
EP17774355.6A EP3438312B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | High-strength steel material and production method therefor |
RU2018137852A RU2687328C1 (ru) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | Высокопрочный стальной материал и способ его производства |
BR112018069722-2A BR112018069722B1 (pt) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | Material de aço de alta resistência e seu método de produção |
US16/088,902 US10988819B2 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | High-strength steel material and production method therefor |
CN201780022079.XA CN108884539A (zh) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | 高强度钢材和其制造方法 |
CA3019483A CA3019483A1 (en) | 2016-03-30 | 2017-03-15 | High-strength steel material and production method therefor |
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JP2022031163A (ja) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-02-18 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 鋼材およびその製造方法 |
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CN114763593B (zh) * | 2021-01-12 | 2023-03-14 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 具有耐高湿热大气腐蚀性的海洋工程用钢及其制造方法 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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RU2687328C1 (ru) | 2019-05-13 |
JP6597887B2 (ja) | 2019-10-30 |
MX2018011714A (es) | 2019-02-18 |
BR112018069722B1 (pt) | 2022-08-23 |
EP3438312A4 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
CN108884539A (zh) | 2018-11-23 |
CA3019483A1 (en) | 2017-10-05 |
EP3438312A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
US10988819B2 (en) | 2021-04-27 |
US20200123624A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
JPWO2017169811A1 (ja) | 2018-11-29 |
BR112018069722A2 (pt) | 2019-02-05 |
EP3438312B1 (en) | 2020-12-23 |
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