WO2017158938A1 - Système d'échange de chaleur et procédé de suppression de tartre pour système d'échange de chaleur - Google Patents

Système d'échange de chaleur et procédé de suppression de tartre pour système d'échange de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017158938A1
WO2017158938A1 PCT/JP2016/085106 JP2016085106W WO2017158938A1 WO 2017158938 A1 WO2017158938 A1 WO 2017158938A1 JP 2016085106 W JP2016085106 W JP 2016085106W WO 2017158938 A1 WO2017158938 A1 WO 2017158938A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shear stress
heat exchanger
liquid
stress pulse
opening
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/085106
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
執行　和浩
隆文 中井
一普 宮
修平 内藤
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2017524492A priority Critical patent/JP6239199B1/ja
Priority to EP16894555.8A priority patent/EP3412991B1/fr
Publication of WO2017158938A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017158938A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/0092—Devices for preventing or removing corrosion, slime or scale
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
    • B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
    • B08B9/0325—Control mechanisms therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F24H9/0042—Cleaning arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F19/00—Preventing the formation of deposits or corrosion, e.g. by using filters or scrapers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G13/00—Appliances or processes not covered by groups F28G1/00 - F28G11/00; Combinations of appliances or processes covered by groups F28G1/00 - F28G11/00

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat exchange system for heating a liquid to be heated such as water used for a shower or the like, and a scale suppression method for the heat exchange system.
  • Water heaters that supply hot water to bathrooms and kitchens are broadly classified into, for example, electric water heaters, gas water heaters such as gas boilers, and oil water heaters.
  • a heat exchanger is provided in such water heaters.
  • heat pump water heaters which are heat pump heat exchange type electric water heaters, are attracting attention from among the electric water heaters, particularly from the viewpoint of reducing carbon dioxide for energy saving and global warming countermeasures.
  • Such a heat pump water heater transfers atmospheric heat to a heat medium and uses the heat to boil hot water. More specifically, the principle of the heat pump water heater is that the heat generated when the heat medium is compressed into a gaseous state is transferred to water by the heat exchanger, and the heat medium is generated by the cold air generated when the heat medium is expanded. This is due to the cooling cycle that returns the temperature to the atmospheric temperature again.
  • the heat exchanger performs heat exchange between a heat medium flowing inside and a fluid such as water flowing on the surface. Therefore, it is important to always keep the surface of the heat exchanger that is the heat transfer surface clean. This is because if the surface of the heat exchanger becomes dirty, the effective heat transfer surface decreases and the heat transfer performance deteriorates. Moreover, when such dirt accumulates, there is a possibility that the flow path of water or the like may be blocked. In particular, when water containing scale components, which are crystalline products containing hardness components, sulfates, silicic acid components, metal ions, etc., is supplied to the water heater, the scale adheres to the heat exchanger, hot water tank or piping. There is a problem that the heat exchange rate is lowered or the flow path is blocked.
  • Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 describe that the generation of scale is suppressed by using a pulsating flow whose flow rate changes, which is generated by applying a pulsation to the pressure of hot water supply water.
  • the heat pump type water heater described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 is a hot water storage tank, a heating circulation path that takes hot water from the lower part of the hot water storage tank and returns it to the upper part of the hot water storage tank, and heating that heats the hot water in the heating circulation path.
  • a controller for controlling the circulation means.
  • control unit operates the pulsation generating means during heating by the heating heat exchanger to generate a pulsating flow, and controls the circulating means so that the flow rate in the heating circulation path becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value set in advance.
  • Patent Document 3 describes that the shear stress at the time of pulsation of water is larger than the shear stress at a constant flow rate, and by applying the pulsation, the adhesion of scale can be efficiently suppressed.
  • the amount of scale-causing substances such as calcium ions that contact the heat exchanger per unit time before the flow rate of water reaches the flow rate that exerts the scale-inhibiting effect is compared with the case of a constant flow rate. Will increase. For this reason, the adhesion of the scale is promoted, and the scale suppression effect by applying the pulsation is reduced.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and is capable of more efficiently and surely suppressing the generation and growth of scale for the heat exchanger and the heat exchange system.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a method for suppressing the scale.
  • the heat exchange system of the present invention includes an annular first circulation circuit in which a first liquid circulates, an annular second circulation circuit in which a second liquid circulates, the first liquid, and the second liquid.
  • a heat exchanger that exchanges heat with the liquid
  • a pressure holding unit that pressurizes and holds part of the second liquid, and an inflow side of the second liquid of the heat exchanger
  • An opening / closing mechanism for switching the second liquid flowing into the heat exchanger between the second circulation circuit and the pressure holding unit, and an addition to the second liquid held by the pressure holding unit
  • a control unit for controlling switching of the pressure amount and the opening / closing mechanism unit.
  • a secondary liquid to which a preset pressure is applied is supplied to the heat exchanger at a preset timing, thereby generating a scale for the heat exchanger. And it becomes possible to suppress growth more efficiently and reliably.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a heat exchange system according to Embodiment 1.
  • FIG. It is the schematic which shows an example of a structure of the pressure holding
  • FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to a heat exchanger when a first shear stress pulse to a third shear stress pulse are applied.
  • 6 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a heat exchange system according to Embodiment 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when a first shear stress pulse to a third shear stress pulse are applied.
  • Embodiment 1 FIG.
  • This heat exchange system heats or cools a secondary liquid such as water by the heat of the primary liquid heated or cooled by a heat pump. Further, in this heat exchange system, when the secondary liquid is heated or cooled, the adhesion of the scale generated on the contact surface with the secondary liquid in the heat exchanger is suppressed.
  • a heat exchange system that generates hot water by heating a heated liquid such as water used for a shower or the like by heat of the heated liquid heated by a heat pump will be described as an example.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the heat exchange system 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the heat exchange system 1 includes a primary circuit 10 as a first circuit, a secondary circuit 20 as a second circuit, and primary circuits 10 and 2.
  • the heat exchanger 2 is provided between the secondary circuit 20 and the secondary circulation circuit 20.
  • the heat exchange system 1 includes a heat-exchanger 2 as a primary heated liquid as a first liquid that circulates in the primary side circulation circuit 10 and a second liquid that circulates in the secondary side circulation circuit 20. Heat exchange with the secondary heated liquid. Then, the heat exchange system 1 heats the secondary heated liquid by the heat of the primary heated liquid.
  • control is performed such that the temperature of the primary heated liquid flowing in the primary side circulation circuit 10 is 60 ° C. and the outlet side temperature of the heat pump 11 is 65 ° C.
  • the temperature of the secondary heated liquid in the secondary circulation circuit 20 is 57 ° C. at the outlet side of the heat exchanger 2.
  • the outlet side temperature of the secondary side heated liquid in the heat exchanger 2 is set to 65 ° C. for the purpose of removing bacteria in the secondary side heated liquid.
  • the sterilization operation for raising the temperature to 1 hour is performed for only 1 hour.
  • the primary circulation circuit 10 includes a heat pump 11, a heater 12, a flow path switching device 13, a first pump 14, a radiator 15, an expansion vessel 16, and the heat exchanger 2.
  • the heat pump 11, the heater 12, the expansion container 16, the flow path switching device 13, the heat exchanger 2, and the first pump 14 are connected in a ring shape by a pipe 17.
  • the radiator 15 is connected by a pipe 18 that is provided between the flow path switching device 13 and the first pump 14 and is different from the pipe 17.
  • the pipe 17 and the pipe 18 are branched by the flow path switching device 13 and connected so as to merge between the heat exchanger 2 and the first pump 14.
  • the heat pump 11 has a refrigeration cycle formed therein, and heats the primary heated liquid supplied by the first pump 14.
  • the heater 12 is provided to further heat the primary heated liquid supplied from the heat pump 11.
  • the heater 12 heats the primary heated liquid supplied from the heat pump 11 and supplies the heated liquid to the flow path switching device 13.
  • the flow path switching device 13 is, for example, an electromagnetic three-way valve, and has one inflow port and two outflow ports.
  • the flow path switching device 13 has an outlet selected to supply the primary heated liquid supplied from the heat pump 11 via the heater 12 to either the heat exchanger 2 or the radiator 15, Switch.
  • the first pump 14 is driven by a motor (not shown), and supplies the primary heated liquid from the heat exchanger 2 or the radiator 15 to the heat pump 11.
  • the radiator 15 is a heat exchanger, for example, and performs heat exchange between the primary side heated liquid flowing through the pipe 18 and the indoor air that is the air-conditioning target space, and the indoor side is heated by the heat of the primary side heated liquid. Heat the air.
  • the heat exchanger 2 exchanges heat between the primary heated liquid flowing in the primary circulation circuit 10 and the secondary heated liquid flowing in the secondary circulation circuit 20, and the primary heated The secondary heated liquid is heated by the heat of the liquid.
  • the expansion container 16 is provided to temporarily store the primary heated liquid flowing out from the heater 12.
  • the secondary circulation circuit 20 includes a tank 21, a second pump 22, a scale trap 23, a pressure application unit 30, and the heat exchanger 2.
  • the tank 21, the second pump 22, the heat exchanger 2, and the scale trap 23 are annularly connected by a pipe 24 and a pipe 25.
  • the pressure application unit 30 is formed by a pipe 36 and a pipe 37 that are different from the flow path formed by the pipe 24 and the pipe 25 between the tank 21 and the second pump 22 and the heat exchanger 2. Provided in a flow path as a bypass circuit.
  • the tank 21 is supplied with the secondary heated liquid heated by the heat exchanger 2 and stores the secondary heated liquid. Further, the tank 21 is supplied with tap water or the like from the outside through the water supply pipe 21 a, and flows the supplied tap water or the like as the secondary heated liquid to be supplied to the second pump 22. The heated secondary heated liquid stored in the tank 21 is discharged to the outside through the hot water pipe 21b and used as hot water for a shower or the like.
  • the second pump 22 is driven by a motor (not shown), and supplies water, which is a secondary heated liquid, from the tank 21 to the heat exchanger 2.
  • the second pump 22 can change the flow rate of the secondary heated liquid supplied to the heat exchanger 2 according to the number of rotations of the motor. For example, the second pump 22 can increase the flow rate of the secondary heated liquid supplied to the heat exchanger 2 by increasing the number of rotations of the motor.
  • the scale trap 23 is provided to capture the scale attached and removed from the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2 with the secondary heated liquid. Note that the scale trapping effect of the scale trap 23 increases as the number of circulations of the secondary heated liquid increases. Therefore, in the case of the boiling system with one circulation, the scale trapping effect can hardly be expected, so the scale trap 23 does not have to be installed.
  • the pressure application unit 30 is supplied with the secondary heated liquid from the tank 21.
  • the pressure application unit 30 applies a preset pressure to the supplied secondary heated liquid, and then supplies the secondary heated liquid to the heat exchanger 2.
  • the pressure application unit 30 includes a third pump 31, a pressure holding unit 32, an opening / closing mechanism unit 33, and an opening / closing control unit 34.
  • the third pump 31 is driven by a motor (not shown) and supplies the liquid to be heated from the tank 21 to the pressure holding unit 32.
  • the pressure holding unit 32 is supplied with the secondary heated liquid from the tank 21 via the third pump 31.
  • the inside of the pressure holding unit 32 is always filled with the secondary side heated liquid, and a higher pressure is applied than the secondary side heated liquid flowing through the piping in the secondary side circulation circuit 20. .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the pressure holding unit 32 of FIG.
  • the pressure holding part 32 is provided with a solenoid valve 32b, a solenoid valve 32c, a water amount sensor 32d, a pressure sensor 32e, and a pressurizing part 32f in a cylinder structure part 32a formed in a hollow cylinder shape.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32b to the pressurizing unit 32f are connected to the open / close control unit 34 via a signal line 35.
  • the pressure holding unit 32 applies a preset pressure to the secondary heated liquid that has flowed into the cylinder structure 32 a via the pipe 36. Then, the pressure holding unit 32 causes the secondary heated liquid to which pressure is applied to flow out to the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 described later via the pipe 37.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32 b is provided at the inlet through which the secondary heated liquid that flows through the pipe 36 via the third pump 31 flows.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32b supplies information indicating the opening / closing state of the valve to the opening / closing control unit 34 via the signal line 35, and based on a control signal supplied from the opening / closing control unit 34 via the signal line 35, The open / close state is controlled.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32c is provided, for example, at the upper part of the pressure holding unit 32.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32c supplies information indicating the open / close state of the valve to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 35, and based on the control signal supplied from the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 35, The open / close state is controlled.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32b and the electromagnetic valve 32c are normally in an “open” state, and the open / close control unit 34 controls the open / closed state of the valve based on the detection result of a water amount sensor 32d described later.
  • the water amount sensor 32d detects that the cylinder structure portion 32a is filled with the secondary heated liquid
  • the electromagnetic valve 32b and the electromagnetic valve 32c are in the “closed” state based on the control of the opening / closing control unit 34. To be controlled.
  • the water amount sensor 32 d detects the amount of water of the secondary heated liquid accumulated in the cylinder structure portion 32 a and supplies the obtained detection result to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 35.
  • the pressure sensor 32 e detects the pressure of the secondary heated liquid accumulated in the cylinder structure portion 32 a and supplies the obtained detection result to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 35.
  • the pressurizing portion 32f is formed in a rod shape.
  • the pressurizing portion 32f is pushed into the cylinder structure portion 32a based on a control signal supplied from the open / close control portion 34 via the signal line 35, thereby turning the secondary heated liquid accumulated in the cylinder structure portion 32a into A pressure set in advance is applied.
  • the pressure sensor 32e detects that the pressure of the secondary heated liquid in the cylinder structure portion 32a has reached a preset pressure
  • the cylinder structure portion 32a is controlled based on the control of the opening / closing control portion 34.
  • the state where pressure is applied to the secondary heated liquid is maintained.
  • the secondary side liquid to be heated in the cylinder structure portion 32a is in a state of maintaining the current pressure.
  • the opening / closing mechanism 33 is, for example, a three-way valve, and the secondary heated liquid that flows through the pipe 37 on the pressure holding unit 32 side and the secondary that flows through the pipe 24 on the second pump 22 side. Either one of the side heated liquids is selected as the secondary heated liquid, and flows out to the heat exchanger 2 side.
  • the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 is configured to maintain a state where the pressure application unit 30 and the tank 21 side in the secondary circulation circuit 20 are pressure-insulated.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the opening / closing mechanism 33 in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 3, the opening / closing mechanism 33 has an electromagnetic valve 33a and an electromagnetic valve 33b.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33 a is provided in a pipe 37 connected to the pressure holding unit 32.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33a supplies information indicating the open / close state of the valve to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 38, and based on the control signal supplied from the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 38, The open / close state is controlled.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33a is provided with a metal shutter 33c.
  • the metal shutter 33c operates based on the control of the open / close control unit 34, and determines the open / close state of the electromagnetic valve 33a.
  • the metal shutter 33c has a through hole in the vicinity of the center, and the electromagnetic valve 33a is in an “open” state by matching the through hole with the pipe 37.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33 b is provided in the pipe 24 connected to the second pump 22.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33b supplies information indicating the open / close state of the valve to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 38, and based on a control signal supplied from the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 38, The open / close state is controlled.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33b is provided with a metal shutter 33d.
  • the metal shutter 33d operates based on the control of the open / close control unit 34, and determines the open / close state of the electromagnetic valve 33b.
  • the metal shutter 33d is provided with a through hole in the vicinity of the center, and the electromagnetic valve 33b is in an “open” state by matching the through hole with the pipe 24.
  • the opening / closing mechanism 33 operates based on the control of the opening / closing controller 34 so that the electromagnetic valve 33a and the electromagnetic valve 33b are interlocked with each other.
  • the metal shutter 33c is moved and the electromagnetic valve 33a is in the “open” state
  • the metal shutter 33d is moved and the electromagnetic valve 33b is in the “closed” state.
  • the solenoid valve 33a and the solenoid valve 33b By operating the solenoid valve 33a and the solenoid valve 33b in this way, it is possible to prevent the two secondary heated liquids flowing through the pipe 37 and the pipe 24 from flowing out simultaneously. Further, it is possible to prevent the pressure applied to the secondary heated liquid on the pressure holding unit 32 side from being applied in the direction of the tank 21.
  • the reason why the electromagnetic valve 33a and the electromagnetic valve 33b have such a structure is to speed up the response to the control by the opening / closing control unit 34.
  • the opening / closing control unit 34 controls each part of the pressure holding unit 32 and the opening / closing mechanism unit 33.
  • the open / close control unit 34 receives the detection result of the water amount sensor 32d of the pressure holding unit 32 shown in FIG. 2, and generates a control signal for controlling the opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve 32b and the electromagnetic valve 32c based on the information indicated by the result. , And supplied to the pressure holding unit 32 via the signal line 35. Further, the open / close control unit 34 receives the detection result of the pressure sensor 32e of FIG. 2 from the pressure holding unit 32, and based on the information indicated by the result, a control signal for controlling the operation of the pressurizing unit 32f is a signal.
  • the pressure is supplied to the pressure holding unit 32 via the line 35. Further, the opening / closing control unit 34 sends a control signal for controlling the opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve 33a and the electromagnetic valve 33b of the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 shown in FIG. 3 through a signal line 38 at a preset timing. To the unit 33.
  • the primary heated liquid is supplied to the heat pump 11 by the first pump 14 and heated.
  • the heated primary heated liquid is heated again by the heater 12 and then flows into the flow path switching device 13.
  • the primary heated liquid flows out from the outlet on the radiator 15 side.
  • the primary heated liquid that has flowed out of the flow path switching device 13 flows into the radiator 15 and heats the indoor air by exchanging heat with the indoor air. Then, the primary heated liquid that has flowed out of the radiator 15 flows into the first pump 14.
  • the primary heated liquid flows out from the outlet on the heat exchanger 2 side.
  • the primary heated liquid that has flowed out of the flow path switching device 13 flows into the heat exchanger 2 and heats the secondary heated liquid by exchanging heat with the secondary heated liquid. Then, the primary heated liquid that has flowed out of the heat exchanger 2 flows into the first pump 14.
  • the secondary heated liquid such as water supplied to the tank 21 flows out of the tank 21 and flows into the heat exchanger 2 through the pressure application unit 30 by the second pump 22.
  • the secondary heated liquid flowing into the heat exchanger 2 is heated by exchanging heat with the primary heated liquid and flows out of the heat exchanger 2.
  • the secondary heated liquid flowing out from the heat exchanger 2 flows into the tank 21 through the scale trap 23 and is stored in the tank 21.
  • the secondary heated liquid stored in the tank 21 is used as hot water for a shower or the like by being mixed with, for example, water.
  • the secondary heated liquid stored in the tank 21 is supplied to the pressure application unit 30.
  • the secondary heated liquid supplied to the pressure application unit 30 flows into the pressure holding unit 32 by the third pump 31 of the pressure application unit 30.
  • the secondary heated liquid that has flowed into the pressure holding unit 32 is applied with a preset pressure based on the control of the opening / closing control unit 34, and flows out of the pressure holding unit 32.
  • the secondary heated liquid flowing out from the pressure holding unit 32 flows into the opening / closing mechanism unit 33.
  • the secondary heated liquid that has flowed into the opening / closing mechanism 33 flows out of the opening / closing mechanism 33 when the electromagnetic valve 33a that performs an opening / closing operation based on the control of the opening / closing controller 34 is in an “open” state, It flows into the exchanger 2.
  • the electromagnetic valve 33a on the pressure holding unit 32 side and the electromagnetic valve 33b on the second pump 22 side are interlocked with each other, and one of the electromagnetic valve 33a and the electromagnetic valve 33b is “open”. ”Is controlled. Therefore, when the electromagnetic valve 33 a is in the “open” state, only the secondary heated liquid that has flowed out of the pressure holding unit 32 flows into the heat exchanger 2. And the secondary side heated liquid which flows out from the pressure holding part 32 is controlled by controlling the pressure applied to the secondary side heated liquid in the pressure holding part 32 and the opening / closing operation of the electromagnetic valve 33a at this time. The heat exchanger 2 is caused to flow at a preset timing and pressure.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the pressure application unit 30 of FIG. Referring to FIG. 4, the operation until the secondary heated liquid is supplied from the tank 21 to the pressure applying unit 30 and the secondary heated liquid held in the pressure applying unit 30 flows into the heat exchanger 2. Will be described.
  • the electromagnetic valve 32c is set to the “open” state, and the electromagnetic valve 32b is set to the “open” state (steps S1 and S2). Then, the secondary heated liquid stored in the tank 21 is supplied to the pressure holding unit 32 by the third pump 31 (step S3).
  • the electromagnetic valve 32c is set to the “closed” state and the electromagnetic valve 32b is set to the “closed” state based on the control of the opening / closing control unit 34. (Steps S4 and S5).
  • the set pressure is applied to the secondary heated liquid in the pressure holding unit 32 by the pressurizing unit 32f based on the control of the opening / closing control unit 34 (step S6). And the pressurization with respect to the secondary side to-be-heated liquid in the pressure holding
  • a control signal is transmitted from the opening / closing controller 34 to the electromagnetic valve 33b of the opening / closing mechanism 33 (step S8).
  • the metal shutter 33d slides based on the control signal, and the electromagnetic valve 33b is brought into a “closed” state (step S9).
  • a control signal is transmitted from the opening / closing control unit 34 to the electromagnetic valve 33a of the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 (step S10).
  • the metal shutter 33c slides based on the control signal, and the electromagnetic valve 33a is set to the “open” state (step S11). Thereby, the secondary side heated liquid in the pressure holding unit 32 flows out of the pressure holding unit 32 and flows into the heat exchanger 2 (step S12).
  • a control signal is transmitted from the opening / closing control unit 34 to the electromagnetic valve 33a of the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 (step S13).
  • the metal shutter 33c slides based on the control signal, and the electromagnetic valve 33a is brought into a “closed” state (step S14).
  • a control signal is transmitted from the opening / closing control unit 34 to the electromagnetic valve 33b of the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 (step S15).
  • the metal shutter 33d slides based on the control signal, and the electromagnetic valve 33b is set to the “open” state (step S16).
  • FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the temporal change in shear stress when the number of rotations of the motor in the conventional pump is increased.
  • tap water or the like is used as the secondary heated liquid stored in the tank 21, for example.
  • Such secondary heated liquid contains scale components such as metal ion oxides and carbonates typified by calcium.
  • the scale component contained in the secondary heated liquid causes the secondary heated liquid in the heat exchanger 2 to be heated. Deposits and adheres to the contact surface with the liquid. When the deposited scale adheres to the heat exchanger 2, the scale closes the flow path, so that the heat exchange efficiency is lowered.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the relationship between bubbles adhering to the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2 of FIG. 1 and the depositing scale.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing an example of a scale deposited on the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2 of FIG.
  • a micro layer 41 is formed in which ion concentration occurs about 1.5 times as much as the region other than the interface.
  • a larger number of scale nuclei that become the starting point of the scale are deposited as compared with the portion where the bubbles 40 are not attached.
  • scale nuclei are deposited at the interface between the bubble 40 and the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2 so as to correspond to the shape of the bubble 40.
  • the scale thus deposited can be removed by applying a shear stress. At this time, in the case of adhering to the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2 in the state of ungrown nuclei, it can generally be removed with a lower shear stress than the grown scale.
  • the scale nucleus is very small compared to the grown scale, there is no possibility that it will reattach to the heat exchanger 2 and the surface of the pipe or settle on the stagnation part of the pipe. Therefore, when the scale is removed in the state of the scale nucleus, it can be efficiently removed with a low flow rate and a low shear stress as compared with the case where the grown scale is removed.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the bubble detachment diameter and the shear stress when the bubble 40 detaches from the heat exchanger 2 of FIG.
  • the diameter of the bubbles 40 that separate from the contact surface with the secondary heated liquid in the heat exchanger 2 decreases.
  • the bubbles 40 having a diameter of about 100 [ ⁇ m] can be separated from the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2.
  • FIG. 9 is a graph showing an example of temporal change in shear stress when shear stress is applied to the secondary heated liquid in the heat exchange system 1 of FIG.
  • the time change of the shear stress indicated by the dotted line indicates the time change of the shear stress in FIG.
  • a pulsed shear stress hereinafter referred to as “shear stress pulse” is applied to the secondary heated liquid.
  • the applied shear stress has a sharp rise, and the target shear stress is applied to the bubbles 40 and the scale nuclei attached to the heat exchanger 2 in a short time. be able to. Therefore, compared with the case shown in FIG. 5, scale nuclei can be efficiently removed and scale growth can be suppressed.
  • the bubbles 40 attached to the contact surface with the secondary heated liquid in the heat exchanger 2 move according to the applied shear stress.
  • the bubble 40 having a bubble diameter of about 100 [ ⁇ m] is formed. Can be moved.
  • FIG. 10 is a graph showing an example of the relationship between the number of times the shear stress pulse is applied and the average diameter of the bubbles 40.
  • FIG. 10 shows an example in which a shear stress having an application time of 0.5 [seconds] and a size of 50 [Pa] is applied to the secondary heated liquid at intervals of 0.5 seconds. Show.
  • the average diameter of the bubbles 40 attached to the contact surface with the secondary heated liquid in the heat exchanger 2 increases.
  • the average diameter of the bubbles 40 is 1000 [ ⁇ m] or more. This is because a plurality of bubbles 40 are aggregated to form one large bubble 40 by applying the shear stress pulse a plurality of times.
  • a shear stress pulse of 3.3 [Pa] it is possible to remove the bubbles 40 assembled so that the bubble diameter is about 1000 [ ⁇ m].
  • a large shear stress pulse that causes the shear stress to become the target shear stress is applied a plurality of times, and the bubbles 40 are moved and assembled to form a large bubble, and then smaller than the shear stress. Apply a shear stress pulse of shear stress. Thereby, the bubble 40 and the scale nucleus adhering to the heat exchanger 2 can be efficiently removed, and the growth of the scale can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 11 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when the application timing of the shear stress pulse is changed.
  • a first shear stress pulse having a preset shear stress and a first shear stress pulse for a secondary heated liquid of 1 [Pa] which is a shear stress at a normal flow rate
  • a shear stress pulse cycle combined with a second shear stress pulse whose shear stress is smaller than the shear stress pulse is applied under the following conditions. Then, when the heat exchange system 1 was operated for 100 hours, the amount of scale adhered to the heat exchanger 2 when the period for applying the shear stress pulse cycle was changed was measured.
  • the amount of scale adhesion when no shear stress pulse is applied is 100%, and the period during which the shear stress pulse cycle is applied is 3 [minutes], 5 [minutes], and 7 [minutes], respectively.
  • the scale adhesion amount ratio of is shown.
  • a result in the case of a pulsation operation in which pulsation is generated by increasing the number of rotations of a motor in a conventional pump is also shown.
  • the shear stress pulse cycle was applied at a period of 3 minutes, the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 was 50% of the case where no shear stress pulse was applied.
  • the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 was 61% of the case where no shear stress pulse was applied. Furthermore, when a shear stress pulse cycle was applied at a period of 7 minutes, the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 was 65% of the case where no shear stress pulse was applied. In the conventional pulsation operation, the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 was 73% of the case where no shear stress pulse was applied.
  • FIG. 12 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when the shear stress of the shear stress pulse is changed.
  • a shear stress pulse cycle is applied to the secondary heated liquid of 1 [Pa], which is a shear stress at a normal flow rate, under the following conditions. Then, when the heat exchange system 1 was operated for 100 hours, the amount of scale adhered to the heat exchanger 2 when the shear stress pulse cycle was applied once every 5 minutes was measured.
  • the scale adhesion amount when the shear stress pulse is not applied is “100”, and the scale when the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse is changed from 0 [Pa] to 70 [Pa]. Indicates the amount of adhesion.
  • the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse is 5 Pa or more, the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 is suppressed compared to the case where no shear stress pulse is applied. It was.
  • the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse was 50 [Pa] or more, the scale adhesion amount did not change and the scale suppression effect tended to be saturated.
  • the scale suppression effect can be obtained when the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse is 5 [Pa] or more, and the scale inhibition effect is saturated when the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse is 50 [Pa] or more.
  • the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse applied to the secondary heated liquid is preferably set in the range of 5 [Pa] to 50 [Pa].
  • the ratio between the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse and the magnitude of the second shear stress pulse is “5: 3.3. ] To “50: 3.3” is more preferable.
  • FIG. 13 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when the pulse width of the shear stress pulse is changed.
  • a shear stress pulse cycle is applied to the secondary heated liquid of 1 [Pa], which is a shear stress at a normal flow rate, under the following conditions. Then, when the heat exchange system 1 was operated for 100 hours, the amount of scale adhered to the heat exchanger 2 when the shear stress pulse cycle was applied once every 5 minutes was measured.
  • the scale adhesion amount when no shear stress pulse is applied is “100”, and the pulse width, which is the application time of the first shear stress pulse, is 0 [seconds] to 5.0 [seconds].
  • the amount of scale attached when changed is shown.
  • the heat exchanger 2 is compared with the case where the pulse width of the first shear stress pulse is 0 [seconds] to 5.0 [seconds] and no shear stress pulse is applied. The amount of scale adhesion with respect to was suppressed.
  • the pulse width of the first shear stress pulse is in the range of 0.1 [sec] to 1.0 [sec]
  • the amount of scale adhesion is 70% or less of the case where no shear stress pulse is applied, and the scale suppression effect is obtained. The trend was higher.
  • the pulse width of the first shear stress pulse is set in the range of 0 [seconds] to 5.0 [seconds]
  • the scale suppression effect is improved as compared with the case where no shear stress pulse is applied.
  • the pulse width is set in the range of 0.1 [second] to 1.0 [second]
  • a higher scale suppression effect can be obtained.
  • the pulse width of the shear stress pulse is set in this way, the time required for suppressing the scale by controlling the pump as described above is about 2 seconds, but short. Scale can be suppressed over time.
  • FIG. 14 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when the shear stress and the pulse width of the shear stress pulse are changed.
  • a shear stress pulse cycle is applied to the secondary heated liquid of 1 [Pa], which is a shear stress at a normal flow rate, under the following conditions. Then, when the heat exchange system 1 was operated for 100 hours, the amount of scale adhered to the heat exchanger 2 when the shear stress pulse cycle was applied once every 5 minutes was measured.
  • Ratio of magnitude of first and second shear stress pulses “3: 1” to “30: 1”
  • Pulse width of first and second shear stress pulses 0.1 [second] to 2.0 [second]
  • Pulse pause time of the first and second shear stress pulses 0.5 [second]
  • the example shown in FIG. 14 shows the result of the scale suppression effect when the amount of scale adhesion when no shear stress pulse is applied is “100”.
  • the result when the scale suppression effect is 20% or more, that is, the scale adhesion amount is 80% or less is described as “ ⁇ ”, and the scale suppression effect is less than 20%, that is, the scale adhesion amount is The result when it exceeds 80% is described as “+”.
  • the ratio between the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse and the magnitude of the second shear stress pulse is “5: 1” or more, and the pulse width of the shear stress pulse is 1.0 [ Second]
  • the scale suppression effect was 20% or more.
  • the ratio between the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse and the magnitude of the second shear stress pulse is “10: 1” or more, and the pulse width of the shear stress pulse is within 1.5 [seconds]. In this case, the scale suppression effect was 20% or more.
  • the ratio between the magnitude of the first shear stress pulse and the magnitude of the second shear stress pulse is “20: 1” or more, and the pulse width of the shear stress pulse is within 2.0 [seconds]. In this case, the scale suppression effect was 20% or more.
  • the annular primary side circulation circuit 10 in which the primary heated liquid circulates the annular secondary circulation circuit 20 in which the secondary heated liquid circulates, A heat exchanger 2 that exchanges heat between the primary heated liquid and the secondary heated liquid, a pressure holding unit 32 that pressurizes and holds a part of the secondary heated liquid, and heat exchange Opening and closing mechanism unit that is provided on the inflow side of the secondary heated liquid of the vessel 2 and switches the secondary heated liquid flowing into the heat exchanger 2 between the secondary circulation circuit 20 and the pressure holding unit 32 33, and an opening / closing control unit 34 for controlling the amount of pressure applied to the secondary heated liquid held in the pressure holding unit 32 and the switching of the opening / closing mechanism unit 33.
  • the open / close control unit 34 maintains the pressure so that the secondary heated liquid to which the shear stress pulse cycle in which a plurality of shear stress pulses having different pressure levels are combined is applied is supplied to the heat exchanger 2.
  • the unit 32 and the opening / closing mechanism unit 33 are controlled.
  • the shear stress pulse cycle is formed by a first shear stress pulse and a second shear stress pulse having a pressure smaller than that of the first shear stress pulse. Combined in order of shear stress pulses.
  • Embodiment 2 a heat exchange system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
  • the heat exchange system according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above in that it includes a second pressure application unit.
  • the secondary heated liquid is boiled by circulating a plurality of times between the tank 21 and the heat exchanger 2 (hereinafter referred to as “multiple boiling method” as appropriate).
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the heat exchange system 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • the heat exchange system 1 includes a primary side circulation circuit 10, a secondary side circulation circuit 20, and a heat exchanger 2.
  • the secondary side circulation circuit 20 is provided with a second pressure application unit 50.
  • the second pressure application unit 50 is connected to the second pressure holding unit 52 by the fourth pump 51, the second pressure holding unit 52 connected to the fourth pump 51 by the pipe 56, and the pipe 57.
  • the second opening / closing mechanism 53 is configured.
  • the fourth pump 51 has the same configuration and function as the third pump 31.
  • the second pressure holding unit 52 has the same configuration and function as the pressure holding unit 32.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the second opening / closing mechanism 53 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 16, the 2nd opening-and-closing mechanism part 53 has the solenoid valve 53a and the solenoid valve 53b.
  • the electromagnetic valve 53 a is provided in the pipe 57 connected to the second pressure holding unit 52.
  • the electromagnetic valve 53a supplies information indicating the open / closed state of the valve to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 58, and based on the control signal supplied from the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 58, The open / close state is controlled.
  • the electromagnetic valve 53a is provided with a metal shutter 53c.
  • the metal shutter 53c operates based on the control of the open / close control unit 34, and determines the open / closed state of the electromagnetic valve 53a.
  • the metal shutter 53c has, for example, a through hole in the vicinity of the central portion thereof, and the electromagnetic valve 53a is in an “open” state by matching the through hole with the pipe 57.
  • the electromagnetic valve 53 b is provided in the pipe 25 connected to the tank 21.
  • the electromagnetic valve 53b supplies information indicating the open / close state of the valve to the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 58, and based on the control signal supplied from the open / close control unit 34 via the signal line 58, The open / close state is controlled.
  • the electromagnetic valve 53b is provided with a metal shutter 53d.
  • the metal shutter 53d operates based on the control of the open / close control unit 34, and determines the open / close state of the electromagnetic valve 53b.
  • the metal shutter 53d has, for example, a through hole in the vicinity of the center, and the electromagnetic valve 53b is in an “open” state by matching the through hole with the pipe 25.
  • the second opening / closing mechanism 53 operates based on the control of the opening / closing controller 34 so that the electromagnetic valve 53a and the electromagnetic valve 53b are interlocked with each other.
  • the metal shutter 53c moves and the electromagnetic valve 53a enters the “open” state
  • the metal shutter 53d moves and the electromagnetic valve 53b enters the “closed” state.
  • the opening / closing control unit 34 controls each part in the second pressure holding unit 52 and the second opening / closing mechanism unit 53 in addition to the same control as in the first embodiment.
  • the open / close control unit 34 supplies a control signal for controlling the operation of the second pressure holding unit 52 to the second pressure holding unit 52 via the signal line 55.
  • the opening / closing control unit 34 sends a control signal for controlling the opening / closing of the electromagnetic valve 53a and the electromagnetic valve 53b of the second opening / closing mechanism unit 53 shown in FIG. To the second opening / closing mechanism 53.
  • the open / close control unit 34 is configured independently of the pressure application unit 30, but this is not limited to this example.
  • the opening / closing control unit 34 may be included in the pressure application unit 30 or may be included in the second pressure application unit 50.
  • the secondary heated liquid stored in the tank 21 is supplied to the second pressure application unit 50.
  • the secondary heated liquid supplied to the second pressure application unit 50 flows into the second pressure holding unit 52 by the fourth pump 51 of the second pressure application unit 50.
  • the secondary heated liquid that has flowed into the second pressure holding unit 52 is applied with a pressure set in advance based on the control of the opening / closing control unit 34, and flows out of the second pressure holding unit 52.
  • the secondary heated liquid flowing out from the second pressure holding unit 52 flows into the second opening / closing mechanism unit 53.
  • the secondary heated liquid that has flowed into the second opening / closing mechanism 53 is supplied to the second opening / closing mechanism when the electromagnetic valve 53a that opens / closes based on the control of the opening / closing controller 34 is in the “open” state. It flows out from 53 and flows into the heat exchanger 2.
  • the secondary side flowing out from the second pressure holding unit 52 is controlled by controlling the opening / closing operation of the electromagnetic valve 53a and the pressure applied to the secondary heated liquid in the second pressure holding unit 52.
  • the liquid to be heated is caused to flow into the heat exchanger 2 at a preset timing and pressure.
  • the secondary heated liquid flowing into the heat exchanger 2 from the second pressure holding unit 52 flows into the heat exchanger 2 from the pressure holding unit 32 in the direction of the shear stress pulse inside the heat exchanger 2.
  • the direction is opposite to the secondary heated liquid.
  • the shear stress pulse in the reverse direction is used as the third shear stress pulse, and the first shear stress pulse shown in the first embodiment and the first shear stress pulse smaller than the first shear stress pulse are used. Between two shear stress pulses. In this case, the third shear stress pulse is equivalent to the first shear stress pulse except for the application direction.
  • the bubbles are moved and assembled by applying the first shear stress pulse in the direction of pushing out into the heat exchanger 2, and the third shear stress pulse in the direction of pulling back from the heat exchanger 2 is applied. .
  • generation efficiency of the big bubble formed by moving and gathering by the 1st shear stress pulse can be improved.
  • the bubbles 40 and the scale nuclei attached to the contact surface with the secondary heated liquid in the heat exchanger 2 are more efficiently removed than when only the first and second shear stress pulses are applied. Is done.
  • the suppression effect of the scale adhering to the heat exchanger 2 will be verified.
  • the application direction of the stress to the heat exchanger 2 is the first and second shear stress pulses.
  • a shear stress pulse cycle composed of a third shear stress pulse in the reverse direction is applied to the heat exchanger 2.
  • FIG. 17 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when the first shear stress pulse to the third shear stress pulse are applied.
  • a first shear stress pulse having a preset shear stress and a first shear stress pulse for a secondary heated liquid of 1 [Pa] which is a shear stress at a normal flow rate
  • a second shear stress pulse having a shear stress smaller than that of the first shear stress pulse
  • a third shear stress having the same magnitude as that of the first shear stress pulse and the direction of application of stress being opposite to the heat exchanger 2
  • a shear stress pulse cycle combined with a pulse is applied under the following conditions.
  • the amount of scale adhered to the heat exchanger 2 when the period for applying the shear stress pulse cycle was changed was measured.
  • the shear stress pulse is applied in the order of the first shear stress pulse, the third shear stress pulse, and the second shear stress pulse.
  • the example shown in FIG. 17 shows the ratio of scale adhesion when the amount of scale adhesion when no shear stress pulse is applied is 100% and the period when the shear stress pulse cycle is applied is 3 [minutes].
  • an example in which no shear stress pulse is applied is “Comparative Example 1”
  • Example 1 an example in the case of a shear stress pulse cycle in which shear stress pulses are applied in the order of the first and second shear stress pulses is shown as “Comparative Example 2”.
  • FIG. 1 an example in the case of a shear stress pulse cycle in which shear stress pulses are applied in the order of the first and second shear stress pulses
  • the secondary heated liquid to which the shear stress pulse cycle combined in the order of the first, third, and second shear stress pulses is applied to the heat exchanger 2.
  • Supply thereby, generation
  • Embodiment 3 FIG. Next, a heat exchange system according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
  • the heat exchange system according to the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the scale trap 23 provided in the secondary side circulation circuit 20 is removed.
  • the secondary heated liquid is boiled by circulating once between the tank 21 and the heat exchanger 2 (hereinafter, referred to as a “single boiling method” as appropriate).
  • the scale trapping effect by the scale trap 23 shown in FIG. 15 is compared with the case where the circulation number is plural. It is low, and the effect of suppressing scale adhesion to the heat exchanger 2 can hardly be expected. Therefore, the amount of scale adhering to the heat exchanger 2 is increased as compared with the case where the same amount of the secondary heated liquid is circulated a plurality of times and boiled. Therefore, in the third embodiment, the same shear stress pulse cycle as that in the second embodiment is applied even in the case of the one-time boiling system, and scale adhesion to the heat exchanger 2 is suppressed.
  • the number of circulations required when boiling the secondary heated liquid depends on, for example, the energy characteristics depending on the type of refrigerant used in the heat pump. For example, when the liquid to be heated on the secondary side is a fluorocarbon gas such as R410, the energy efficiency is high when it is circulated a plurality of times and boiled. In addition, when the secondary heated liquid is a natural refrigerant such as CO 2 (carbon dioxide), the energy efficiency is higher when it is circulated once and boiled.
  • a fluorocarbon gas such as R410
  • CO 2 carbon dioxide
  • FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the heat exchange system 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • the heat exchange system 1 includes a primary side circulation circuit 10, a secondary side circulation circuit 20, and a heat exchanger 2.
  • the scale trap 23 is removed as compared with the heat exchange system 1 according to Embodiment 2 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a graph for explaining the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 when the first to third shear stress pulses are applied.
  • a first shear stress pulse having a preset shear stress and a first shear stress pulse for a secondary heated liquid of 1 [Pa] which is a shear stress at a normal flow rate
  • a second shear stress pulse having a shear stress smaller than that of the first shear stress pulse
  • a third shear stress having the same magnitude as that of the first shear stress pulse and the direction of application of stress being opposite to the heat exchanger 2
  • a shear stress pulse cycle combined with a pulse is applied under the following conditions.
  • the shear stress pulse is applied in the order of the first shear stress pulse, the third shear stress pulse, and the second shear stress pulse.
  • the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 was measured when the secondary heated liquid was boiled up to 2000 L (liter). This is because, for example, when 200 L which is the capacity of one tank 21 is boiled, the amount of scale attached to the heat exchanger 2 is not sufficient. This is because it was necessary to boil.
  • the example shown in FIG. 19 has the scale trap 23 as shown in the second embodiment, and is the “Comparative Example 1” described above in which the shear stress pulse is not applied by the multiple-boiling method.
  • the amount of scale attached to the vessel 2 was 100%.
  • the number of circulations between the tank 21 and the heat exchanger 2 is 100 times.
  • Example 2 an example in the case of a shear stress pulse cycle in which the shear trap pulse is applied in the order of the first, third and second shear stress pulses in a state where the scale trap 23 is removed and in a single boiling method. This is shown as “Example 2”.
  • Example 1 an example in the case of the shear stress pulse cycle in which the shear stress pulse is applied in the order of the first, third, and second shear stress pulses by the multiple boiling method is described above.
  • Example 1 is shown.
  • Example 3 an example in which no shear stress pulse is applied is shown as “Comparative Example 3”.
  • the amount of scale adhesion based on Comparative Example 1 is 215% compared to the case where the shear stress pulse is not applied. It can be greatly reduced to 58%. Further, in the multiple boiling system, the amount of scale adhesion is reduced from 100% to 35% by applying a shear stress pulse, so that there is a 65% reduction effect. On the other hand, in the single boiling method, by applying a shear stress pulse, the amount of scale adhesion is reduced from 215% in Comparative Example 3 to 58% in Example 2, and there is a reduction effect of 157%. A reduction effect higher than the multiple boiling method can be achieved.
  • the secondary heated liquid to which the shear stress pulse cycle combined in the order of the first, third, and second shear stress pulses is applied. Is supplied to the heat exchanger 2.
  • production and growth of a scale can be suppressed more efficiently and reliably.
  • the effect of suppressing the generation and growth of scale by supplying such a shear stress pulse cycle to the heat exchanger 2 is that the number of circulations in the secondary-side circulation circuit 20 is the same as in the first and second embodiments. It can be obtained not only in the case of multiple times but also in the case of one time, for example.
  • the heat exchange system 1 that heats the secondary heated liquid by the heat of the primary heated liquid heated by the heat pump 11 has been described as an example. Not limited to.
  • the heat exchange system 1 may cool the secondary liquid by the heat of the primary liquid cooled by the heat pump 11.
  • the heat exchange system 1 may not include the tank 21.
  • a path branched from a path through which the secondary-side heated liquid circulates in the secondary-side circulation circuit 20 is provided.
  • the pressure application unit 30 is supplied with the secondary heated liquid flowing through the branch path. Thereby, the bubble 40 and the scale nucleus adhering to the contact surface of the heat exchanger 2 can be efficiently removed as described above.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'échange de chaleur comprenant : un premier circuit de circulation annulaire à travers lequel un premier liquide circule ; un second circuit de circulation annulaire à travers lequel un second liquide circule ; un échangeur de chaleur pour échanger de la chaleur entre le premier liquide et le second liquide ; une unité de maintien de pression pour mettre sous pression une partie du second liquide et maintenir la partie du second liquide dans l'état sous pression ; un mécanisme d'ouverture et de fermeture prévu sur le côté de l'échangeur de chaleur, dans lequel le second liquide s'écoule et commutant, entre le second circuit de circulation et l'unité de maintien de pression, l'écoulement du second liquide circulant dans l'échangeur de chaleur ; et une unité de commande pour commander la quantité de mise sous pression du second liquide maintenue par l'unité de maintien de pression, l'unité de commande commandant également la commutation effectuée par le mécanisme d'ouverture et de fermeture.
PCT/JP2016/085106 2016-03-16 2016-11-28 Système d'échange de chaleur et procédé de suppression de tartre pour système d'échange de chaleur WO2017158938A1 (fr)

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EP3412991A1 (fr) 2018-12-12

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