Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
  • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
  • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
  • F28D15/0266—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with separate evaporating and condensing chambers connected by at least one conduit; Loop-type heat pipes; with multiple or common evaporating or condensing chambers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
  • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
  • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
  • H02K5/203—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium specially adapted for liquids, e.g. cooling jackets
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
  • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
  • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
  • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
  • H05K7/20909—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components
  • H05K7/20918—Forced ventilation, e.g. on heat dissipaters coupled to components the components being isolated from air flow, e.g. hollow heat sinks, wind tunnels or funnels
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
  • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
  • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
  • H05K7/2089—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for power electronics, e.g. for inverters for controlling motor
  • H05K7/20927—Liquid coolant without phase change
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
  • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
  • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
  • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
  • B60Y2306/00—Other features of vehicle sub-units
  • B60Y2306/05—Cooling
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2205/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to casings, enclosures, supports
  • H02K2205/09—Machines characterised by drain passages or by venting, breathing or pressure compensating means

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a cooling device for an electric machine mounted in a moving assembly.
• Water cooling techniques are generally known which generally consist in circulating in the machine, in the vicinity of the stator windings, an isolated water circuit, so as not to bring the water into contact with the electrical components of the water. machine.
• Air cooling is also known which consists in forcing the passage of fresh air into the machine.
• oil cooling and more generally by any heat transfer liquid dielectric. The oil cooling has several advantages: the oil does not pose a problem of electrical insulation, and does not require voluminous installation such as air cooling.
• oil cooling is known, consisting of spraying oil directly into the casing 3 'of the electric machine 1', generally at the level of the stator bunches 31 '. .
• the oil flows by gravity to the bottom of the housing 3 ', where it passes through orifices 8 ", 8"' opening onto an oil tank 4 '.
• a pump not shown, recovers the oil in this tank 4 ', via a suction nozzle 5', to reinject it after cooling at the bun of the stator 31 '.
• a cooling device of an electric machine for mounting in a moving assembly comprising:
• a heat transfer liquid dielectric reservoir having a bottom and two opposite ends, said tank being mounted directly above said housing, while said housing has at least one discharge port of the dielectric liquid opening into said tank;
• the cooling device further comprises a conduit for discharging the heat transfer liquid dielectric extending in said reservoir from said discharge port to the other end of the reservoir.
• the exhaust duct prevents the dielectric liquid heat transfer back in the housing through the orifice.
• said suction nozzle is disposed substantially equidistant from said opposite ends of said reservoir.
• the opening of the suction nozzle may be disposed substantially near the bottom of the tank.
• it improves the suction of the heat transfer liquid dielectric in the tank when the liquid is moving in the tank.
• said evacuation duct has a first end and a second end remote from each other by a distance greater than the distance between the discharge orifice and the suction nozzle.
• said first end of the evacuation duct forms a sealed junction with said orifice.
• the heat transfer liquid dielectric flowing through the orifice then necessarily flows into the conduit, which prevents an uncontrolled flow of the liquid from the orifice in the reservoir, and prevents the liquid rising from the reservoir into the reservoir. the casing during acceleration moving the dielectric liquid coolant in the tank.
• said second end of the exhaust duct is disposed in the vicinity of said other end of the tank.
• said evacuation duct extends obliquely between its first and second ends.
• said evacuation duct facilitates the flow of the dielectric liquid in the exhaust duct.
• the second end of the conduit may open in the vicinity of the tank bottom.
• said orifice extends substantially over the entire length of the end of the reservoir, that is to say on a whole side edge of it.
• said orifice improves the evacuation capabilities of the coolant dielectric liquid from the housing to the tank.
• said exhaust duct is clipped to said housing wall.
• said exhaust duct is clipped to said housing wall.
• the cooling device comprises two orifices each opening at a distinct opposite end of said tank, the device comprises two ducts each secured to a distinct orifice, said ducts each extending from said distinct orifice towards the end of the tank opposite said separate orifice.
• the two ends of the stator of the electric machine can be effectively cooled by forming an orifice on the housing downstream of each of the ends of the stator and by installing an associated exhaust duct.
• the heat transfer liquid dielectric may comprise oil.
• the invention also relates to a motor vehicle comprising a cooling device as described above.
• FIG. 1 is a representation of a cooling device of an electric machine of the prior art
• FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a cooling device according to a preferred embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cooling device according to the embodiment of Figure 2, in the absence of the tank for better visibility;
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a cooling device according to the embodiment of Figure 2 and the electric machine, wherein the reservoir is partially shown.
• front, rear, upper, lower refer to the front and rear directions of the vehicle, when the cooling device 2 and the electric machine 1 are mounted on the vehicle.
• the X, Y, Z axes correspond respectively to the longitudinal (front to back), transverse and vertical axis of the vehicle.
• substantially horizontal, longitudinal or vertical means a direction / plane forming an angle of not more than ⁇ 20 °, or not more than 10 ° or not more than 5 ° with a direction / a horizontal, longitudinal or vertical.
• substantially parallel, perpendicular or at right angle is meant a direction / an angle deviating by not more than ⁇ 20 °, or not more than 10 ° or not more than 5 ° from a parallel, perpendicular or from a right angle,
• An electric machine 1 is installed in a mobile assembly, here a motor vehicle.
• the electric machine 1 comprises a stator 31 and a rotor 30 and is installed in a housing 3 insulating other components of the motor vehicle.
• the housing 3 forms a liquid impermeable envelope around the electric machine 1.
• the rotor 30 is inserted into the stator 31 and is rotated about an axis of rotation by an electromagnetic field produced by the stator 31.
• the electric machine 1 is oriented in the motor vehicle so that the axis of rotation of the rotor 30 is collinear with the transverse direction of the motor vehicle.
• the invention can be adapted for any other orientation of the electric machine 1 in the motor vehicle.
• the electric machine 1 is oriented so that it extends in its length along the transverse axis of the motor vehicle.
• the axis of rotation of the rotor 30 extends, in addition, in a substantially horizontal plane.
• a cooling device 2 for cooling the electric machine 1 is also installed in the motor vehicle.
• the cooling device 2 operates by heat exchange with a dielectric liquid coolant, here oil.
• a dielectric liquid coolant here oil.
• the dielectric liquid heat transfer liquid as oil.
• any other heat transfer liquid dielectric may be used.
• the cooling device 2 comprises an oil tank 4 and means for circulating the oil.
• the tank 4 is sealed to the casing 3, downstream of the casing 3.
• the tank 4 is installed under the electric machine 1 and the casing 3 forms the lid of the tank 4.
• the tank 4 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, the main length of which is substantially collinear with the axis of rotation of the rotor 30 of the electric machine 1.
• the tank 4 extends substantially in length parallel to the length of the electric machine 1, here in the transverse direction of the motor vehicle.
• the reservoir 4 has a length substantially greater than the length of the stator 31.
• the length of the tank 4 is at most equal to the length of the casing 3.
• the tank 4 may have a length greater than the length of the casing 3, but this would produce an increase in the overall bulk of the assembly. formed by the electric machine 1 and the cooling device 2 which is undesirable.
• the width of the tank 4 extends along the longitudinal axis of the motor vehicle.
• the tank 4 has a width substantially equal to the value of the diameter of the stator 31 of the electric machine 1.
• Tank 4 has a depth value less than the length and width values.
• the tank 4 is installed under the housing 3, but it is common for electric traction machines 1 of a motor vehicle, that this machine 1 is installed in the rear part of the motor vehicle, under the floor. Therefore, in order to comply with the ground clearance requirements of the motor vehicle, the depth of the tank 4 is relatively small compared to its length and width dimensions.
• the oil circulation means comprise a suction nozzle 5 adapted to suck the oil from the tank 4 under the effect of a pump, not shown, which conveys the oil to a projection element adapted to project the oil into the crankcase 3.
• the projection element comprises for each longitudinal end of the stator 30, a projection nozzle installed in the housing 3 facing the stator bun.
• the bun of a stator is the set of parts of the windings visible at each longitudinal end of the stator; visible parts which are also called coil heads.
• visible parts which are also called coil heads.
• a large proportion of heating of the stator 31 during operation of the electric machine 1 is produced at the level of the buns. That's why we project the oil directly on these buns.
• the oil pumped by the suction nozzle 5 into the tank 4 is conveyed, under the effect of the pump, to the spray nozzles which project the oil on the stator bunches.
• the projected oil then flows by gravity to the bottom of the casing 3.
• the majority of the oil projected on the stator bunches does not penetrate the electric machine, but flows by gravity along the end walls. longitudinal of the stator. In other words, the oil does not penetrate the air gap or the stator slots. Thus, the oil flows by gravity on each side of the stator.
• An exhaust port 8.8 ' is provided, for each longitudinal end of the stator 31, in the bottom wall of the housing 3, substantially downstream of the associated longitudinal end.
• the orifice opens on the one hand into the tank 4 and on the other hand into the casing 3.
• a first lateral edge 41, 42 corresponds to an end 41, 42 of the reservoir 4 which is opposite another end 42, 41 of the reservoir 4, corresponding to the second lateral edge 42, 41.
• the discharge orifice 8.8 ' opens into the tank 4, in the vicinity of a lateral edge 41, 42, substantially along the entire length of this edge 41, 42.
• the orifices 8, 8 ' may extend over all or part of the width of the tank.
• the suction nozzle 5 is installed in the tank 4 so as to suck the accumulated oil.
• the suction nozzle 5 is disposed substantially in the middle of the tank 4.
• the opening 51 of the nozzle 5 is oriented towards the bottom 43 of the tank 4, so as to promote its immersion in the oil.
• the opening 51 of the suction nozzle 5 is close to the bottom 43 of the tank 4 so as to maximize the immersion of the nozzle 5 in the oil while ensuring a good flow of oil between the bottom 43 of the tank 4 and the suction nozzle 5. Indeed, under the effect of the pump, the suction nozzle 5 draws oil from the tank 4, and if the opening 51 of the suction nozzle 5 is out of oil, the pump may be defused.
• an exhaust duct 10, 10 ' is installed for each discharge orifice 8, 8'.
• Each discharge duct 10, 10 ' extends into the tank 4, between a first end 1 1, 1 1', and a second end 12, 12 '.
• the first end 1 1, 1 1 'of the exhaust duct 10, 10' forms a tight junction with an associated orifice 8, 8 '.
• the second end 12, 12 'of the duct 10, 10' opens into the reservoir so as to allow the oil flowing through the orifice 8, 8 'to flow into the discharge duct 10, 10 'from the first end 1 1, 1 1' to the second end 12,12 ', and accumulate in the tank 4.
• the evacuation duct 10, 10 'therefore extends from a lateral edge 41, 42 corresponding to the lateral edge 41, 42 in the vicinity of which the associated orifice 8, 8' opens out, and the evacuation duct 10, 10 extends in the reservoir 4 towards the opposite lateral edge 41, 42, for example in the vicinity of the opposite lateral edge 41, 42.
• the two exhaust ducts 10, 10 'each associated with an orifice 8, 8' intersect in the tank 4.
• the first end 1 1 of a first evacuation duct 10 is arranged, in the length of the tank 4, near the second end 12 'of the other exhaust duct 10', and vice versa.
• the discharge duct 10, 10 ' is shaped so that the distance between the first end 1 1, 1 1' and the second end 12, 12 'in the tank 4 is greater than the distance between the associated orifice 8.8 'and the opening 51 of the suction nozzle 5.
• the duct In order to allow the gravity flow of the oil in the exhaust duct 10, 10 'to the second end 12, 12', the duct has an oblique profile with a second end 12, 12 'lower in the tank 4 as the first end 1 1, 1 1 '.
• the second end 12, 12 ' is disposed near the bottom 43 of the tank 4, for example at the same height as the opening 51 of the suction nozzle 5.
• the ends 1 1, 1 1 ', 12,12' of the ducts 10, 10 ' may have a bent shape, so that they define a substantially vertical portion, which can promote the flow of the oil at the inlet and at the outlet of the duct 10, 10 ', and in particular for the second end 12, 12', limiting the phenomenon of reflux during transverse accelerations of the motor vehicle.
• the ducts 10, 10 'thus make it possible to prevent the oil from rising in the casing 3 through the orifices 8, 8' during transverse accelerations of the motor vehicle. In this way, it is ensured that a minimum quantity of oil is present in the tank 4 during these accelerations, in order to maintain the opening 51 of the suction nozzle 5 in the oil in order to avoid a defusing the pump.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

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• 2016
  • 2016-02-03 FR FR1650860A patent/FR3047365B1/fr active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-01-24 MX MX2018009258A patent/MX378244B/es unknown
  • 2017-01-24 US US16/074,959 patent/US10680489B2/en active Active
  • 2017-01-24 EP EP17707366.5A patent/EP3411941B1/fr active Active
  • 2017-01-24 BR BR112018015914-0A patent/BR112018015914B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2017-01-24 KR KR1020187022325A patent/KR102055516B1/ko not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2017-01-24 CN CN201780006310.6A patent/CN108432099B/zh active Active
  • 2017-01-24 CA CA3013243A patent/CA3013243C/en active Active
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  • 2017-01-24 WO PCT/FR2017/050142 patent/WO2017134364A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2017-01-24 JP JP2018538090A patent/JP6942133B2/ja active Active
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