WO2017116081A1 - 양극활물질의 제조 방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 양극활물질 - Google Patents
양극활물질의 제조 방법 및 이에 의하여 제조된 양극활물질 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017116081A1 WO2017116081A1 PCT/KR2016/015193 KR2016015193W WO2017116081A1 WO 2017116081 A1 WO2017116081 A1 WO 2017116081A1 KR 2016015193 W KR2016015193 W KR 2016015193W WO 2017116081 A1 WO2017116081 A1 WO 2017116081A1
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- Prior art keywords
- active material
- positive electrode
- electrode active
- functional group
- thiol functional
- Prior art date
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- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 150000003573 thiols Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WGJCBBASTRWVJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazolidine-2-thione Chemical compound SC1=NCCS1 WGJCBBASTRWVJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DBBHCZMXKBCICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-thiol Chemical compound CC1=CC(S)=C(C)O1 DBBHCZMXKBCICL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,4-thiadiazolidine-2,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NNC(=S)S1 BIGYLAKFCGVRAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OTNSJAUBOYWVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-thiadiazolidine-3,5-dithione Chemical compound S=C1NSC(=S)N1 OTNSJAUBOYWVEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ethanedithiol Chemical compound SCCS VYMPLPIFKRHAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WZRRRFSJFQTGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trithione Chemical compound S=C1NC(=S)NC(=S)N1 WZRRRFSJFQTGGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole Chemical compound SC1=NN=NN1C1=CC=CC=C1 GGZHVNZHFYCSEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AGWWTUWTOBEQFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-1h-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione Chemical compound CN1C=NN=C1S AGWWTUWTOBEQFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDGIVSREGUOIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-3h-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thione Chemical compound NC1=NN=C(S)S1 GDGIVSREGUOIJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XLLOINWXELPEGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyl-3,9-dihydropurine-2,6,8-trithione Chemical compound N1C(=S)NC(=S)C2=C1NC(=S)N2C XLLOINWXELPEGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 51
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 45
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 37
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- -1 LiCoO 2 Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910015643 LiMn 2 O 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910014689 LiMnO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- IQGYCVKWCYGVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-diamino-1h-pyrimidine-2,4-dithione Chemical compound NC=1NC(=S)NC(=S)C=1N IQGYCVKWCYGVBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006245 Carbon black Super-P Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006183 anode active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009831 deintercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium manganese(2+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Mn+2].[Li+] QEXMICRJPVUPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/50—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese
- H01M4/505—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of manganese of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiMn2O4 or LiMn2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/52—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron
- H01M4/525—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of nickel, cobalt or iron of mixed oxides or hydroxides containing iron, cobalt or nickel for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiNiO2, LiCoO2 or LiCoOxFy
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for preparing a positive electrode active material and a positive electrode active material prepared thereby, and more particularly, washed with a solution containing a compound containing a thiol functional group, containing residual sulfur on the surface, the residual lithium is reduced It relates to a method for producing a cathode active material and a cathode active material produced thereby.
- a battery generates power by using a material capable of electrochemical reactions at a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- a typical example of such a battery is a lithium secondary battery that generates electric energy by a change in chemical potential when lithium ions are intercalated / deintercalated at a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
- the lithium secondary battery is manufactured by using a material capable of reversible intercalation / deintercalation of lithium ions as a positive electrode and a negative electrode active material, and filling an organic electrolyte or a polymer electrolyte between the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
- a lithium composite metal compound is used as a positive electrode active material of a lithium secondary battery, and a method of manufacturing a lithium composite oxide generally includes preparing a transition metal precursor, mixing the transition metal precursor and a lithium compound, and then firing the mixture. Steps.
- lithium composite oxides composite metal oxides such as LiCoO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 , and LiMnO 2 have been studied.
- LiCoO 2 is most used because of its excellent life characteristics and charging and discharging efficiency.
- LiCoO 2 has a disadvantage in that its price competitiveness is limited because its structural stability is low and it is expensive due to the resource limitation of cobalt used as a raw material. .
- Lithium manganese oxides such as LiMnO 2 and LiMn 2 O 4 have the advantages of excellent thermal safety and low price, but have a problem of small capacity and poor high temperature characteristics.
- LiNiO 2 based positive electrode active material exhibits a high discharge capacity of the battery characteristics, but due to the cation mixing (cation mixing) problem between Li and transition metal, it is very difficult to synthesize, there is a big problem in the output (rate) characteristics.
- the Ni rich system having a Ni content of 65% or more is a low temperature reaction, the amount of residual lithium present in the form of LiOH and Li 2 CO 3 on the surface of the cathode active material is high.
- Such residual lithium that is, unreacted LiOH and Li 2 CO 3 reacts with the electrolyte and the like in the battery, causing gas generation and swelling, thereby causing a problem of severely deteriorating high temperature safety.
- unreacted LiOH may cause gelation due to its high viscosity during slurry mixing before electrode plate production.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a cathode active material of a novel structure with a reduced residual lithium in order to solve the problems of the prior art as described above.
- the present invention also aims to provide a cathode active material produced by the method for producing a cathode active material according to the present invention.
- the present invention to solve the above problems
- M1 and M2 are at least one element selected from Al, Ni, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, Zn, W, Zr, B, Ba, Sc, Cu, Ti, Co and rare earth elements and combinations thereof Is,
- X is an element selected from the group consisting of O, F, S and P.
- It provides a method for producing a cathode active material comprising a.
- the second step of washing the cathode active material with a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group is
- the compound containing a thiol functional group is 2-Thiazoline-2-Thiol, 5-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-Thiol, 1,3,4- thiadiazole-2,5-Dithiol, 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-Thiol, (1,2,4) Thiadiazole-3,5-Dithiol, 1-Phenyl-1H-Tetrazole-5-Thiol, 4-Methyl-4H -1,2,4-Triazole-3-Thiol, 5-Methyl-1,3,4-Thiadizole-2-Thiol dithioglycol, s-triazine-2,4,6-trithiol, 7-methyl-2,6, 8-trimercaptopurine and 4,5-diamino-2,6-dimercaptopyrimidine.
- the solution containing the thiol functional group is mixed at a ratio of 0.01 to 10 parts by weight to prepare a solution.
- the second step of washing the cathode active material with a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group is
- the second step of washing the cathode active material with a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group is
- the method for washing the positive electrode active material with a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group is a cathode containing a compound containing a thiol functional group as described above in the reactor
- the positive electrode active material may be prepared in the form of a filter, and then the filter press method may be used to permeate the solution containing the compound containing the thiol functional group by applying a pressure.
- the second step of washing the cathode active material with a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group is
- the cathode active material in the step of washing the cathode active material with a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group, the cathode active material is added to a solution containing a compound containing the thiol functional group. After the first washing by adding and stirring, the washed positive electrode active material is applied to the filter member and permeated by the filter press method, and the second washing is performed, or the positive electrode active material is applied to the filter member and permeated by the filter press method and after the first washing.
- the cathode active material in the third step of drying, is dried for 1 hour to 20 hours at a temperature of 50 to 400 °C.
- the positive electrode active material is at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, M1 and M2 in at least a portion of the inside of the particles of the positive electrode active material in the direction from the center of the particles to the outer direction It characterized in that it comprises a concentration gradient indicating a concentration gradient to increase or decrease the concentration.
- an area of the concentration gradient of the positive electrode active material is 80% or more relative to the total particle area.
- the area of the concentration gradient of the cathode active material is characterized by showing an area of 10% or more and 50% or less of the total particle area.
- the positive electrode active material may mix particles having a uniform particle size or different particle sizes.
- the present invention also provides a washed cathode active material prepared by the method for producing a cathode active material according to the present invention.
- Residual lithium content of the cathode active material prepared by the method for producing a cathode active material according to the present invention is characterized in that the LiOH is 0.3% by weight or less, Li 2 CO 3 is 0.5% by weight or less.
- the cathode active material prepared by the method for producing a cathode active material according to the present invention is characterized in that the residual sulfur content is 500 to 5000 ppm.
- the positive electrode active material prepared according to the present invention contains residual sulfur and exhibits an effect of greatly reducing unreacted residual lithium.
- 1, 2 and 3 show the results of measuring the charge and discharge characteristics of a battery prepared from the positive electrode active material of one embodiment and comparative example of the present invention.
- 4 and 5 show the results of measuring the life characteristics of the battery prepared by the positive electrode active material of one embodiment and comparative example of the present invention.
- 1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2,5-dithiol was dissolved in DIW as a thiol-based material to prepare a water-containing solution containing a thiol functional group.
- 2-Thiazoline-2-Thiol was dissolved in DIW as a thiol-based material to prepare a washing solution containing a thiol functional group.
- 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-Thiolg was dissolved in DIW to prepare a washing solution containing a thiol functional group.
- a cathode active material was prepared as shown in Table 1 below.
- Preparation Example 10 NCM with 88% nickel content
- the washed positive electrode active material slurry was filtered through a filter press and heat-treated and dried for 12 hours at 130 ° C. in vacuo to prepare the washed active material of Example 1.
- the washed positive electrode active material slurry was heat-treated at 130 ° C. for 12 hours in a vacuum to prepare a washed active material of Example 2.
- the washed positive electrode active material slurry was heat-treated at 130 ° C. for 12 hours in a vacuum to prepare a washed active material of Example 3.
- Ti-coated positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 6 was washed in the same manner as in Example 3 to prepare a positive electrode active material of Example 6.
- the positive electrode active material coated with Zr prepared in Preparation Example 7 was washed with water in the same manner as in Example 3, thereby preparing the positive electrode active material of Example 7.
- a positive electrode active material of 1: 1 was washed in the same manner as in Example 3 to prepare a positive electrode active material of Example 8.
- the positive electrode active material was washed with water in the same manner as in Example 3 to prepare a positive electrode active material of Example 9.
- the amount of the thiol-containing compound in the aqueous solution containing the thiol-containing compound was adjusted 1.7 times compared to Example 8 to prepare the positive electrode active material of Example 10 by washing the positive electrode active material NCA prepared in Preparation Example 8 in the same manner as in Example 1.
- a positive electrode active material of Example 11 was prepared by washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 5 in the same manner as in Example 1 using the thiol functional group-containing washing solution prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- the positive electrode active material of Example 12 was prepared by washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 9 in the same manner as in Example 1 using the thiol functional group-containing washing solution prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- a positive electrode active material of Example 13 was prepared by washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 10 in the same manner as in Example 1 using the thiol functional group-containing washing solution prepared in Preparation Example 2.
- the positive electrode active material of Example 14 was prepared by washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 using the thiol functional group-containing washing solution prepared in Preparation Example 3.
- the positive electrode active material of Example 14 was prepared by washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 4 in the same manner as in Example 1 using the thiol functional group-containing washing solution prepared in Preparation Example 3.
- a positive electrode active material of Example 15 was prepared by washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 10 in the same manner as in Example 1 using the thiol functional group-containing washing solution prepared in Preparation Example 3.
- the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 1 was prepared without washing the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 4.
- the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 5 was washed in the same manner as in Example 1, but a positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 2 was prepared by using DIW instead of a washing solution containing a thiol functional group.
- a positive electrode active material was washed in the same manner as in Example 3 to prepare a positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 3.
- the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 8 was washed in the same manner as in Example 1, but the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 4 was prepared by using DIW instead of a washing solution containing a thiol functional group.
- the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 9 was washed in the same manner as in Example 1, but the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 5 was prepared by using DIW instead of a washing solution containing a thiol functional group.
- LiOH (wt%) [(Q1-Q2) * C * M1 * 100] / (SPL Size * 1000)
- LiCO (wt%) [2 * Q2 * C * M2 / 2 * 100] / (SPL Size * 1000)
- Figure 1 shows the results of measuring the discharge capacity and charge and discharge efficiency according to the washing method for the CSG131-a non-uniform size of the positive electrode active material prepared in Preparation Example 5, in Comparative Example 2 was washed with DIW only It can be confirmed that the discharge capacity and charge and discharge efficiency of Example 4 and Example 5 washed with water using an aqueous solution in which thiol-based polymer material is dissolved in comparison.
- Figure 2 shows the result of measuring the discharge capacity and charge and discharge efficiency according to the concentration of the washing solution for the positive electrode active material of the average size of the CSG131- particles prepared in Preparation Example 4, the thiol-based polymer material is dissolved When washing with an aqueous solution, the discharge capacity and the charge and discharge efficiency is excellent, but when added in excess as in Comparative Example 3 it can be seen that the discharge capacity and the charge efficiency is reduced.
- FIG. 3 shows the results of measuring discharge capacity and charge / discharge efficiency of Example 14 using 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-Thiol as a comparative example 1 and a thiol-based polymer material which did not proceed with water washing. It can be seen that the capacity and charge and discharge efficiency is more excellent. 4 is a result of comparing the life performance of the positive electrode active material of Comparative Example 2 washed only with DIW and the positive electrode active material of Example 5 which was washed twice with water as a result that the life of the positive electrode active material of Example 5 is better Can be.
- FIG. 5 shows Comparative Example 5 in which the positive electrode active material having a non-uniform size of CSG131-particles having a Ni content of 88% was washed with DIW only, and the NCM positive electrode active material having a 88% Ni content was washed with 2-Thiazoline-2-Thiol.
- Example 13 as a result of comparing the life performance of Example 15 washed with NCM cathode active material containing 88% Ni content using 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-Thiol, washed with dissolved thiol-based polymer material It can be seen that Examples 13 and 15 are superior in life performance compared to Comparative Example 5.
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Abstract
Description
제조예 4 | CSG131- 전체 입자의 평균 조성이 Ni:Co:Mn = 8:1:1이며, 입자 내 농도 구배를 가지고, 입자의 평균 크기가 균일한 양극활 물질 |
제조예 5 | CSG131- 전체 입자의 평균 조성이 Ni:Co:Mn = 8:1:1이며, 입자 내 농도 구배를 가지고, 입자의 크기가 불균일한 양극활 물질 |
제조예 6 | CSG131- 전체 입자의 평균 조성이 Ni:Co:Mn = 8:1:1이며, 입자 내 농도 구배를 가지고, 입자의 평균 크기가 균일한 양극활 물질 1몰당 0.25몰의 Ti코팅 |
제조예 7 | CSG131- 전체 입자의 평균 조성이 Ni:Co:Mn = 8:1:1이며, 입자 내 농도 구배를 가지고, 입자의 평균 크기가 균일한 양극활 물질 1몰당 0.05몰의 Zr코팅 |
제조예 8 | NCA |
제조예 9 | 전체 입자의 평균 니켈 함량이 88%이며, 입자 내 농도 구배를 갖는 양극 활물질 |
제조예 10 | 니켈 함량이 88%인 NCM |
R. Li (ppm) | |||
LiOH | Li2CO3 | Total | |
비교예 1. | 4,536 | 4,531 | 9,067 |
비교예 2. | 1,180 | 1,447 | 2,627 |
비교예 3. | 1,165 | 1,962 | 3,126 |
비교예 4. | 781 | 3,184 | 3,965 |
비교예 5. | 1,367 | 1,769 | 3,136 |
실시예 1. | 1,284 | 1,714 | 2,998 |
실시예 2. | 1,342 | 1,995 | 3,337 |
실시예 3. | 1,241 | 1,735 | 2,976 |
실시예 4. | 1,410 | 1,499 | 2,909 |
실시예 5. | 1,912 | 1,810 | 3,723 |
실시예 6. | 2,166 | 1,372 | 3,538 |
실시예 7. | 1,984 | 1,628 | 3,612 |
실시예 8. | 1,750 | 1,465 | 3,216 |
실시예 9. | 1,634 | 1,523 | 3,156 |
실시예 10. | 196 | 3,008 | 3,204 |
실시예 11. | 1,838 | 1,617 | 3,455 |
실시예 12. | 1,689 | 1,598 | 3,287 |
실시예 13. | 1,538 | 1,725 | 3,263 |
실시예 14. | 1,732 | 1,626 | 3,358 |
실시예 15. | 1,468 | 1,518 | 2,986 |
수세 후 sulfur 잔량 (ppm) | |
비교예 1. | - |
비교예 2. | 491 |
비교예 3. | 2,218 |
비교예 4. | - |
비교예 5. | 326 |
실시예 1. | 1,841 |
실시예 2. | 1,561 |
실시예 3. | 1,607 |
실시예 4. | 827 |
실시예 5. | 1,832 |
실시예 6. | 1,609 |
실시예 7. | 1,605 |
실시예 8. | 1,051 |
실시예 9. | 1,583 |
실시예 10. | - |
실시예 11. | 1,786 |
실시예 12. | 1,109 |
실시예 13. | 1,325 |
실시예 14. | 1,617 |
실시예 15. | 1,287 |
1st Discharge capacity (mAh/g) | 1st efficiency(%) | Cycle life(%) | |
비교예 1. | 194.5 | 87.7 | - |
비교예 2. | 201.3 | 89.4 | 91.9 |
비교예 3. | 193.8 | 90.0 | 98.1 |
비교예 4. | 208.1 | 90.6 | 81.3 |
비교예 5. | 207.6 | 88.9 | 81.8 |
실시예 1. | 203.7 | 91.1 | 97.3 |
실시예 2. | 204.4 | 91.3 | 95.3 |
실시예 3. | 206.3 | 92.3 | 97.3 |
실시예 4. | 203.5 | 90.8 | 93.1 |
실시예 5. | 204 | 92.4 | 98.5 |
실시예 6. | 205.2 | 93.2 | 97.4 |
실시예 7. | 199.7 | 92.1 | 95.3 |
실시예 8. | 199 | 90.5 | 94.5 |
실시예 9. | 196.8 | 90.6 | 97 |
실시예 10. | 207.8 | 89.7 | 94 |
실시예 11. | 205.7 | 91.9 | 97.7 |
실시예 12. | 217.6 | 92.3 | 95.9 |
실시예 13. | 217.8 | 91.9 | 91.5 |
실시예 14. | 206.3 | 92.0 | 96.5 |
실시예 15. | 218.2 | 92.1 | 90.6 |
Claims (14)
- 아래 화학식 1 내지 2 로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택되는 양극활물질을 제조하는 제 1 단계;<화학식 1> Lix1Ni1 - y1M1y1O2 - αXα<화학식 2> Lix1Ni1 -y2- z2Coy2M2z2O2 - αXα(상기 화학식 1 및 2 에서, 0.9≤x1≤1.3, 0≤y1≤0.4, 0≤y2≤0.4, 0≤z2≤0.4, 0≤y2+z2≤0.4, 0≤α≤2이고,M1 및 M2 는 Al, Ni, Mn, Cr, Fe, Mg, Sr, V, Zn, W, Zr, B, Ba, Sc, Cu, Ti, Co 및 희토류 원소 및 이들의 조합에서 선택되는 하나 이상의 원소이며,X 는 O, F, S 및 P 로 이루어진 군에서 선택되는 원소이다.)상기 양극활물질을 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 수세하는 제 2 단계; 및건조시키는 제 3 단계;를 포함하는 양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질을 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 수세하는 제 2 단계는반응기 내에 증류수 및 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 투입하여 티올 작용기를 포함하는 용액을 제조하는 제 2-1 단계;반응기 내부 온도를 5 내지 50 ℃ 온도를 유지하는 제 2-2 단계; 및반응기에 양극활물질을 투입하여 교반하는 제 2-3 단계; 를 포함하는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물은 2-Thiazoline-2-Thiol, 5-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazole-2-Thiol, 1,3,4-thiadiazole-2,5-Dithiol, 2,5-dimethylfuran-3-Thiol, (1,2,4)Thiadiazole-3,5-Dithiol, 1-Phenyl-1H-Tetrazole-5-Thiol, 4-Methyl-4H-1,2,4-Triazole-3-Thiol, 5-Methyl-1,3,4-Thiadizole-2-Thiol dithioglycol, s-triazine-2,4,6-trithiol, 7-methyl-2,6,8-trimercaptopurine 및 4,5-diamino-2,6-dimercaptopyrimidine으로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택되는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 2 항에 있어서,상기 반응기 내에 증류수 및 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 투입하여 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 포함하는 용액을 제조하는 제 2-1 단계에서는증류수 100 중량부당 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 0.01 내지 10 중량부의 비율로 혼합하는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질을 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 수세하는 제 2 단계는상기 양극활물질을 필터 부재에 도포하는 제 2-4 단계; 및상기 양극활물질을 포함하는 필터 부재에 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 용액을 투과시켜서 수세하는 제 2-5 단계;를 포함하는 것인 양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질을 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 수세하는 제 2 단계는반응기 내에 증류수 및 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 투입하여 티올 작용기를 포함하는 용액을 제조하는 제 2-1 단계;반응기 내부 온도를 5 내지 50 ℃ 온도를 유지하는 제 2-2 단계;반응기에 양극활물질을 투입하여 교반하는 제 2-3 단계;상기 2-3 단계에서 제조된 수세된 양극활물질을 필터 부재에 도포하는 제 2-4-1 단계; 및상기 양극활물질을 포함하는 필터 부재에 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 용액을 투과시켜서 수세하는 제 2-5-1 단계; 를 포함하는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질을 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 포함하는 용액으로 수세하는 제 2 단계는상기 양극활물질을 필터 부재에 도포하는 제 2-4 단계;상기 양극활물질을 포함하는 필터 부재에 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 용액을 투과시켜서 수세하는 제 2-5 단계반응기 내에 증류수 및 상기 티올 작용기를 포함하는 화합물을 투입하여 티올 작용기를 포함하는 용액을 제조하는 제 2-6 단계;반응기 내부 온도를 5 내지 50 ℃ 온도를 유지하는 제 2-7 단계; 및상기 2-5 단계에서 수세된 양극활물질을 반응기에 투입하여 교반하는 제 2-8 단계; 를 포함하는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 건조시키는 제 3 단계에서는 상기 양극활물질을 50 내지 400 ℃ 온도에서 1시간 내지 20 시간 동안 건조하는 것인 양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질은 양극활물질의 입자 내부의 적어도 일부분에서 상기 Ni, Co, M1 및 M2 로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택되는 하나 이상의 농도가 농도 구배를 나타내는 농도구배부를 포함하는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 농도구배부의 면적은 입자 전체 면적 대비 80 % 이상의 면적을 나타내는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 9 항에 있어서,상기 농도구배부의 면적은 입자 전체 면적 대비 10 % 내지 50% 이하의 면적을 나타내는 것인양극활물질의 제조 방법.
- 제 1 항 내지 제 11 항 중 어느 한 항의 제조 방법에 의하여 제조된 양극활물질.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질의 잔류리튬의 함량이 LiOH는 0.3 중량% 이하, Li2CO3는 0.5 중량% 이하인 것인 양극활물질.
- 제 12 항에 있어서,상기 양극활물질은 황의 함량이 500 내지 5000 ppm 인 것인 양극활물질.
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