WO2017069494A1 - 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치 - Google Patents
폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017069494A1 WO2017069494A1 PCT/KR2016/011702 KR2016011702W WO2017069494A1 WO 2017069494 A1 WO2017069494 A1 WO 2017069494A1 KR 2016011702 W KR2016011702 W KR 2016011702W WO 2017069494 A1 WO2017069494 A1 WO 2017069494A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/06—Butadiene
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1856—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside placed in parallel
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/1862—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside placed in series
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2/00—Processes of polymerisation
- C08F2/01—Processes of polymerisation characterised by special features of the polymerisation apparatus used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F36/00—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/02—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F36/04—Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F36/06—Butadiene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
- B01J2219/00038—Processes in parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
- B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
- B01J2219/0004—Processes in series
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00101—Reflux columns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00159—Controlling the temperature controlling multiple zones along the direction of flow, e.g. pre-heating and after-cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00245—Avoiding undesirable reactions or side-effects
- B01J2219/00247—Fouling of the reactor or the process equipment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an apparatus for producing polybutadiene, and more particularly, to an apparatus for producing polybutadiene, which can improve productivity by minimizing plugging phenomenon occurring during polybutadiene production and increasing conversion rate.
- Polybutadiene is a polymer compound obtained by polymerizing a butadiene monomer, usually represented by 1,3-butadiene, and is not only light but also excellent in wear resistance and flexibility. It is used. About 70% of these polybutadienes are used in the manufacture of tires that emphasize wear resistance, and about 25% are additives for improving the mechanical strength of plastics such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Used. In addition, polybutadiene has a high electrical resistance, and is also used as a coating material for electronic assemblies. The use of the polybutadiene is infinite in its use, for example, in the manufacture of golf balls (cores) or numerous elastic materials.
- Ziegler-Natta metal catalysts are usually used for the polymerization of polybutadiene. Since such catalysts are sensitively deteriorated by moisture, suspension polymerization using water as a heat transfer medium is similar.
- Emulsion polymerization which mainly uses water as an emulsified substrate, cannot be said to be an effective synthetic method in polymerizing polybutadiene. Therefore, in order to uniformly generate the polymer structure, it is required to secure a high conversion rate of a predetermined level or more in the first polymerization step, and for this purpose, inevitably, the heat of polymerization generated in the first polymerization reactor is inevitably high, thereby causing the plugging phenomenon. Is further accelerated.
- polybutadiene is usually prepared by continuous polymerization using two or more reactors.
- the residence time of the reaction raw material in the polymerization reactor is increased and the conversion rate is increased, but Since time is inversely proportional to the input of raw materials to the reactor, it is required to properly configure the overall environment such as the number and arrangement of the polymerization reactors.
- Korean Patent Publication No. 10-2015-0028615 Manufacturing method and apparatus of butadiene rubber with reduced plugging discloses a content of reducing plugging phenomenon by continuous polymerization using two polymerization reactors.
- 10-2013-0003125 Metal for producing 1,3-butadiene using a parallel reactor discloses the formation of two polymerization reactors in parallel such that the catalysts vary according to differently supplied raw materials.
- Various apparatuses and methods are known for the production of these compounds, and studies to further improve them have been carried out at various angles.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for producing polybutadiene, which can improve productivity by minimizing the plugging phenomenon occurring during polybutadiene production and increasing the conversion rate.
- the present invention is to provide a parallel arrangement so as to reduce the plugging phenomenon, butadiene (reaction raw material), two first polymerization reactors are each supplied and polymerized with a polymerization catalyst and a solvent; At least one second polymerization reactor which is disposed in series in the first polymerization reactor, and is supplied with a first polymerization liquid containing butadiene polymer discharged from the first polymerization reactor to perform a butadiene polymerization reaction; And at least one condenser for condensing the gas discharged from the first polymerization reactor and the second polymerization reactor, and then supplying the condensate to the first polymerization reactor and / or the second polymerization reactor. to provide.
- productivity can be improved by minimizing the plugging phenomenon occurring during polybutadiene production and increasing the conversion rate.
- 1 is a process chart showing an apparatus for producing polybutadiene according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3 A is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of polybutadiene according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 B is a schematic diagram of the manufacturing process of polybutadiene according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic view of the manufacturing process of polybutadiene according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an apparatus for producing polybutadiene according to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for producing polybutadiene according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, arranged in parallel to reduce the plugging phenomenon as , Butadiene (reaction raw material), a polymerization catalyst and a solvent are fed in series to the two first polymerization reactor (100, 200), the first polymerization reactor (100, 200), respectively, the first polymerization reactor At least one second polymerization reactor 300 and the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) and the second polymerization, the first polymerization liquid containing the butadiene polymer discharged from (100, 200) is supplied to perform a butadiene polymerization reaction One or more condensers 400, 500 for condensing the gas exiting the reactor 300 and then supplying the condensate to the first polymerization reactors 100, 200 and / or the second polymerization reactor 300. .
- the structure or form of the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) and the second polymerization reactor (300) is not particularly limited, a conventional polymerization reactor can be used, preferably a continuous stirred tank reactor (Continuous stirred-tank) reactor (CSTR) or loop reactor can be used.
- CSTR Continuous stirred-tank reactor
- the feed such as raw materials can be divided and supplied to each reactor to perform the first polymerization reaction, where, By dividing water, it is meant that some, preferably about half, of the amount to be supplied to the process system consisting of one first polymerization reactor is fed to another first polymerization reactor.
- the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) and the second polymerization reactor 300 is connected in series, the polymerization liquid discharged from each of the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) is the second polymerization It is supplied to the reactor 300, if a plurality of polymerization reactors are further connected in series to the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) and the second polymerization reactor 300, in the second polymerization reactor 300 again This means that the polymerized liquid to be discharged is fed to the polymerization reactor located next.
- the total number of the polymerization reactors (100, 200, 300), which may vary depending on the conversion rate of the polymerization liquid containing the butadiene polymer discharged from the last polymerization reactor located at the end, for example, 90
- As many polymerization reactors as necessary to achieve the desired conversion can be added, such as at least%, at least 95%, at least 98%, and add a polymerization reactor connected in series to the first polymerization reactors 100, 200.
- the conversion rate can be further improved.
- the total number of polymerization reactors is somewhat different depending on the target conversion rate, but is three to five, preferably three to four, more preferably, the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 configured in parallel. ) Is two, the second polymerization reactor 300 is connected in series to one, a total of three.
- the catalysts supplied to the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 through the raw material supply pipes 10 and 12 and used for the polymerization reaction are Ziegler-Natta catalysts, which are transition metal compounds and lanthanum-based compounds. , An organoaluminum compound, or a mixture thereof can be illustrated.
- the solvent used for the supply and the polymerization reaction to the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 through the raw material supply pipes 10 and 12 is aliphatic, alicyclic, aromatic hydrocarbons having 4 to 6 carbon atoms or their
- examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbons include butane, pentane, hexane, isopentane, heptane, octane and isooctane.
- examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbons include cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclo.
- the first polymerization reactor in addition to the butadiene (reaction raw material), catalyst and solvent, if necessary, a conventional molecular weight regulator, reaction terminator, antioxidant, dispersant, lubricant, mixtures thereof, and the like. This may be further supplied.
- the upper portion of the polymerization reactor (100, 200, 300), the gas discharge pipe (14, 16, 26, 28) for supplying the gas generated by the heat of polymerization to the condenser is connected, the polymerization reactor (100, 200, 300) ) Is connected to the polymer liquid discharge pipes 22 and 24 (the first polymer liquid discharge pipe and 30: the second polymer liquid discharge pipe) for discharging the polymer liquid containing butadiene polymer or supplying it to the next polymerization reactor. .
- the polymerization reaction performed in the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) and the second polymerization reactor 300 is a temperature of 70 °C to 120 °C, preferably 80 °C to 110 °C and 0.1 kgf / cm 2 to 5 kgf / cm 2 , preferably 1.5 kgf / cm 2 To 3 kgf / cm 2 .
- the polymerization reaction performed in the second polymerization reactor 300 may be performed at a temperature of about 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. higher than that of the polymerization reaction performed in the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200.
- the temperature of the polymerization reaction usually performed in the second polymerization reactor 300 is about 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. higher than the temperature of the polymerization reaction performed in the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200.
- the lower the polymerization temperature the narrower the molecular weight distribution (MWD), so that the polymer may have different physical properties.
- the feedstock in order to control the temperature, the feedstock (reaction feedstock) may be heated in advance, but since the internal temperature of the polymerization reactor can be increased by the heat of polymerization generated during the polymerization reaction, the feedstock is separately The heating process is preferably carried out only as necessary.
- the solvent and the unreacted monomer are discharged, and trace amounts of butadiene polymer can also be discharged.
- the amount of polymer discharged together with the solvent and the unreacted monomer into the gas discharge pipes 14, 16, 26, 28 connected to the top of the polymerization reactor increases as the heat of polymerization and the amount of gas generated accordingly increase.
- the occurrence frequency of plugging phenomenon which blocks the gas flow inside the discharge pipe 14, 16, 26, 28 and the condenser is increased, thereby reducing the yield of polybutadiene.
- the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 are configured in parallel, which reduces the amount of gas discharged, which is the cause of the plugging phenomenon. This is to reduce the flow rate of the feedstock to each of the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) so as to achieve a high conversion rate in the polymerization reactor (100, 200, the step of the polymerization is carried out) to ensure a long residence time of the polymerization liquid.
- the conversion rate is less than 15% after the second polymerization step (step in which the polymerization is performed in the second polymerization reactor 300), the heat of polymerization is relatively small, and thus the amount of gas discharged is small. Only the second polymerization reactor 300 can sufficiently minimize the plugging phenomenon.
- the condensate condensing the gas discharged from the second polymerization reactor 300 is supplied separately to the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) (see 26 and 28 of FIG. 1), the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) To reduce the amount of gas generated.
- the conversion rate of the polymerization reaction can be controlled by the residence time of the polymerization liquid in the reactor, that is, to increase the conversion rate to the butadiene polymer, the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) arranged in parallel Longer residence times of the feedstock should be ensured (extended).
- the residence time is determined by the volume of the polymerization liquid in the reactor (volume occupied by the polymerization liquid in the polymerization reactor) and the flow rate of the reaction raw material supplied to the reactor, can be represented by the following equation (1).
- Retention time (hr) ⁇ volume volume (m 3 ) / raw material feed flow rate (kg / hr) ⁇ ⁇ density of the polymerization solution (kg / m 3 )
- the residence time it is necessary to increase the volumetric volume of the reactor or to reduce the flow rate of the raw material supplied to the reactor. Increasing plugging can be accelerated. Therefore, it is stable and desirable to increase the residence time by reducing the flow rate of the raw material fed to the reactor.
- the raw material flow rate is reduced because the raw materials are separately supplied to the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 arranged in parallel.
- the residence time is increased, so that in the present invention, the conversion rate to the butadiene polymer in the first polymerization stage (the stage in which the butadiene is polymerized in the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200) is 85% or more, preferably 90% or more.
- two first polymerization reactors (100, 200) are arranged in parallel so as to reduce the amount of polymer discharged into the gas discharge pipes (14, 16, 26, 28) which causes the plugging phenomenon. For this reason, it is possible to disperse the heat of polymerization and to ensure a high conversion rate.
- by reducing the amount of gas generated by the dispersion of the heat of polymerization it is possible to reduce the frequency of plugging, and also increase the washing cycle of the polybutadiene production apparatus.
- the residence time in the first polymerization reactor is 35 to 65 minutes, preferably 45 to 55 It is appropriate to be minutes. If the residence time is less than 35 minutes, the conversion rate is low in the first polymerization step, and there is a possibility that the uniformity of the polymer structure may be lowered, and the conversion rate in the second polymerization step is relatively increased so that the second polymerization reactor 300 As the gas emissions in the) rapidly increase, the plugging phenomenon due to the second polymerization reactor 300 may appear. In addition, when the residence time exceeds 65 minutes, it means that the total flow rate of the feedstock is reduced by that much, and there is a fear that the production efficiency is lowered.
- the residence time exceeds 65 minutes, it means that the total flow rate of the feedstock is reduced by that much, and there is a fear that the production efficiency is lowered.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the conversion rate of butadiene over residence time.
- the conversion rate of butadiene rises very rapidly at the beginning of the reaction, but as time goes by, the rise decreases (for example, in order for the conversion rate to reach 90%, the conversion rate is 80%). It takes about twice as long as it takes to reach), because if the content of butadiene monomer in the reactor is large, the heat of polymerization is bound to increase explosively even if the residence time is short.
- the volumetric volume in the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) to minimize the plugging phenomenon to be 30% to 70%, preferably 40% to 60%, when the volume volume is less than 30%, the production There is a concern that the efficiency is lowered, and when the volume volume exceeds 70%, there is a fear that the plugging phenomenon is accelerated.
- the washing cycle of the polybutadiene production apparatus is three times or more, preferably 2.5 times or more, and more preferably two times or more than the conventional Increase.
- FIG. 3A is a schematic view illustrating the manufacturing process of polybutadiene according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3B is a schematic view illustrating the manufacturing process of polybutadiene according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the condenser 400, 500 is discharged from the gas discharge pipes 14 and 16 connected to the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 and the gas discharge pipes 26 and 28 connected to the second polymerization reactor 300.
- Condenser may be used, as shown in Figure 1, it is preferable to configure a total of two, but may be made of only one, may be made of three or more, the number is not particularly limited. However, since the condenser has a limited capacity to process the condensed reflux liquid, it is preferable to determine the number of condensers in consideration of the amount of condensed reflux liquid.
- the gas discharged from the first polymerization reactors 100 and 200 and the second polymerization reactor 300 is supplied to the same condenser 400 and 500, but is shown in FIG. 3B.
- the gas discharged from the second polymerization reactor 300 may be supplied to the condenser 600 separately installed. That is, the gas discharged from the second polymerization reactor 300 is not a condenser 400, 500 connected to the first polymerization reactor 100, 200, but a separate condenser connected only to the second polymerization reactor 300. Condensation at 600, where the condensate is refluxed to the second polymerization reactor 300 through a circulation pipe.
- the condensate condensed therefrom is the first polymerization reactor (100, 200)
- the gas discharged from the first polymerization reactor (100, 200) and the second polymerization reactor 300 is condensed in a different condenser connected to each reactor, each condensate condensed therefrom is It is refluxed to the polymerization reactors 100 and 200 and the second polymerization reactor 300, respectively.
- a stirring device is provided inside, and a gas discharge pipe through which a gas generated by polymerization heat is discharged is connected to the upper part, and a polymer liquid discharge pipe through which a polymer liquid containing butadiene polymer generated by a polymerization reaction is discharged from the lower part.
- the first polymerization reactor having a capacity of 50 MT connected in parallel with each other, and a raw material supply pipe including butadiene, a catalyst, and a solvent is connected to the side wall, the same shape as that of the first polymerization reactor,
- the second polymerization reactor in which the other end of the polymerization liquid discharge pipe of the first polymerization reactor is connected to the raw material supply pipe of the side wall, is connected in series with the first polymerization reactor, and is further connected to the gas discharge pipe of the first polymerization reactor.
- each condenser While each condenser is connected, these two condensers are also connected to the gas discharge pipe of the second polymerization reactor, The gas generated in the summation reactor is divided into half and discharged to the two condensers, and the condensate cooled through heat exchange in the condenser is configured to return to each of the first polymerization reactors, thereby proceeding to continuous polymerization.
- the manufacturing apparatus was prepared.
- n-hexane (solvent) recovered through 1,3-butadiene (monomer) and a distillation purification column is passed through a dryer filled with a molecular sieve and silica gel. Moisture and oxygen were removed, and nickel octanoate as the main catalyst and triisobutyl aluminum as the cocatalyst were supplied. That is, the monomer premix prepared in advance to 60% by weight with 1,3-butadiene and n-hexane solvent is 10,800 kg per hour, and the main catalyst nickel octanoate is dissolved in n-hexane solvent in advance to 5.5% by weight.
- the polymerization reaction was carried out at a temperature of 94 ° C. and a pressure condition of 2.2 kgf / cm 2 .
- the gas generated by the heat of polymerization is discharged to the condenser through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the reactor to maintain the temperature and pressure, and the butadiene polymer-containing agent generated in the polymerization reaction is produced.
- the first polymerization liquid was supplied to the second polymerization reactor through the first polymerization liquid discharge pipe.
- the first polymerization liquid was supplied from two first polymerization reactors to one second polymerization reactor, and the flow rate to be supplied was doubled in the second polymerization reactor.
- the volumetric volume of the second polymerization reactor was 50%, and the polymerization reaction was carried out at a temperature of 101 ° C. and a pressure condition of 2.0 kgf / cm 2 .
- the gas generated by the heat of polymerization is discharged to the gas discharge pipe at the upper part of the reactor to maintain the temperature and pressure, wherein the discharged gas is divided into half to the two condensers.
- Each discharged, and each condenser is cooled through heat exchange by the sum of the gas flow rates discharged from each of the first and second polymerization reactors to each condenser to liquefy the condensate, and the condensate is returned to the first polymerization reactor through the circulation pipe again. It became.
- the butadiene polymer-containing second polymerization solution generated from the second polymerization reactor was transferred to the storage tank through the second polymerization liquid discharge pipe.
- Example 2 Same as the manufacturing apparatus of Example 1, but by installing a separate condenser connected to the gas discharge pipe of the second polymerization reactor, by cooling the gas generated in the second polymerization reactor through heat exchange in the separately installed condenser, Polybutadiene was prepared using the same production apparatus and method as in Example 1, except that the manufacturing apparatus was configured to reflux the cooled condensate to the second polymerization reactor through a circulation pipe.
- the gas discharged from two first polymerization reactors and one second polymerization reactor is discharged to each condenser (total three), and the condensate cooled through heat exchange in the condenser is refluxed to each reactor. Except that, it was performed in the same manner as in Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a manufacturing process of polybutadiene according to a comparative example of the present invention.
- the first polymerization reactor having a capacity of 50 MT used in Example 1 is composed of only one unit instead of two units.
- the polymerization liquid discharge pipe of the second polymerization reactor is Example 1, except that one third polymerization reactor (1000 in FIG. 4) is connected to the condenser (600 in FIG. 4) to which the gas discharge pipe is separately connected to the second polymerization reactor. It was carried out by the same production apparatus as.
- the monomer premix which was previously mixed with 1,3-butadiene and n-hexane solvent to make 60% by weight, was 21,600 kg per hour, and the main catalyst nickel octanoate was dissolved in n-hexane solvent in advance to 5.5% by weight.
- the main catalyst nickel octanoate was dissolved in n-hexane solvent in advance to 5.5% by weight.
- co-catalyst triisobutyl aluminum was dissolved in n-hexane solvent in advance to make a 35% by weight concentration, and 83.2 kg per hour, and n-hexane was added so that the total flow rate was 43,400 kg per hour. It supplied to the raw material supply piping of the 1st polymerization reactor.
- the volume volume was 50%, and then the polymerization reaction was carried out at a temperature of 91 ° C. and a pressure condition of 2.6 kgf / cm 2 .
- the gas generated by the heat of polymerization is discharged to the condenser through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the reactor to maintain the temperature and pressure, and the butadiene polymer-containing agent generated in the polymerization reaction is produced.
- the first polymerization liquid was supplied to the second polymerization reactor through the first polymerization liquid discharge pipe.
- the volumetric volume was 50%, and the polymerization reaction was carried out at a temperature of 100 ° C. and a pressure condition of 2.5 kgf / cm 2 .
- the gas is discharged to the condenser through the gas discharge pipe at the top of the reactor in order to maintain the temperature and pressure, and the second polymerization liquid containing butadiene polymer generated in the polymerization reaction is the third polymerization through the second polymerization liquid discharge pipe Fed to the reactor.
- the volumetric volume was 50% in the third polymerization reactor, and the polymerization reaction was carried out at a temperature of 105 ° C. and a pressure condition of 2.3 kgf / cm 2 .
- the third polymerization liquid containing butadiene polymer produced in the polymerization reaction is transferred to the storage tank through the third polymerization liquid discharge pipe It became.
- the monomer premix which was previously mixed with 1,3-butadiene and n-hexane solvent to make 60% by weight, was 14,100 kg per hour, and the main catalyst nickel octanoate was dissolved in n-hexane solvent in advance to make 5.5% by weight 12.8 kg, triisobutylaluminum, a cocatalyst, was previously dissolved in an n-hexane solvent to a concentration of 35% by weight to 54.4 kg per hour, and n-hexane was added such that the total flow rate was 28,400 kg per hour. Except that the feed to the raw material supply pipe of the polymerization reactor, it was carried out in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1.
- Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1 have the same total raw material supply amount, but in Examples 1 and 2 compared with Comparative Example 1, the gas discharged from the first polymerization reactor was significantly reduced. As a result, it can be seen that the occurrence frequency of the plugging phenomenon is greatly reduced (particularly, since the plugging phenomenon mainly occurs in the first polymerization reactor, the occurrence frequency of the plugging phenomenon is reduced in Example 1 than in Example 2). Moreover, it turns out that the gas discharge
- Comparative Example 2 in which the total raw material supply amount was reduced by 35% may also confirm that the first polymerization reactor gas emissions were more than those in Examples 1 and 2. Since plugging takes about 48 to 96 hours to restart after washing, this leads to enormous disruption in productivity, and thus the results are very meaningful.
- the first reactor residence time and conversion rate, total reactor residence time and final conversion rate and molecular weight distribution values obtained from Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 2 below.
- the conversion rate was calculated from the heat of polymerization, and the molecular weight distribution was calculated by performing gel permeation chromatography analysis to determine the degree of physical properties of the finally obtained butadiene polymer, and then calculating the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight average molecular weight (Mw). It was.
- the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis performed briefly will be described.
- the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis may be performed at a temperature of 40 ° C. to determine the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution of the polymerized polymer.
- the column was a combination of two Plgel Olexis columns from Polymer Laboratories and one Plgel mixed-C column, and all of the newly replaced columns were mixed. bed) type column was used.
- polystyrene was used as the gel permeation chromatography standard material (GPC standard material), and the number average molecular weight (Mn) and the weight average molecular weight (Mw) were confirmed by the analysis results, and the molecular weight distribution ( Mw / Mn) was calculated.
- GPC standard material gel permeation chromatography standard material
- Mn number average molecular weight
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- Example 1 1st reactor residence time (minutes) First reactor conversion rate (%) Total reactor residence time (minutes) % Of final conversion Molecular Weight Distribution (Mw / Mn)
- Example 1 51.4 90 77.1 97 2.0
- Example 2 51.4 90 77.1 97 2.0 Comparative Example 1 25.7 80 77.1 97 2.5 Comparative Example 2 39 87 117 98.8 2.2
- the molecular weight distribution value of the butadiene polymer obtained in Examples 1 and 2 is lower than that of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, in which the first reactor conversion rate is low due to the short residence time in the first reactor. It can be seen that the polymer structures of 1 and 2 are more uniform. Although the final conversion rate in Examples 1 and 2 with a shorter reactor total residence time compared to Comparative Example 2 is relatively low, it can be seen that the difference is only less than about 2%.
- Polybutadiene production per hour was obtained from Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, which are shown in Table 3 below.
- Comparative Example 1 is the 'A.
- the production efficiency may be lower than that of Examples 1 and 2 even if the amount of polybutadiene per hour is equivalent.
- said 'B As confirmed in the evaluation of polymer physical properties, polymer physical properties are also relatively decreased.
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Abstract
Description
제1 반응기의 기체 배출량(kg/hr) | 제2 반응기의 기체 배출량(kg/hr) | 제3 반응기의 기체 배출량(kg/hr) | 플러깅 발생 시간(hr) | |
실시예 1 | 5,825 | 1,232 | - | 1,880 |
실시예 2 | 6,650 | 816 | - | 1,590 |
비교예 1 | 11,500 | 1,989 | 295 | 480 |
비교예 2 | 6,860 | 512 | 101 | 1,520 |
제1 반응기 체류시간(분) | 제1 반응기 전환율(%) | 총 반응기 체류시간(분) | 최종 전환율(%) | 분자량 분포(Mw/Mn) | |
실시예 1 | 51.4 | 90 | 77.1 | 97 | 2.0 |
실시예 2 | 51.4 | 90 | 77.1 | 97 | 2.0 |
비교예 1 | 25.7 | 80 | 77.1 | 97 | 2.5 |
비교예 2 | 39 | 87 | 117 | 98.8 | 2.2 |
총 원료 공급량(kg/hr) | 시간당 폴리부타디엔 생산량(kg/hr) | |
실시예 1 | 13,000 | 12,600 |
실시예 2 | 13,000 | 12,600 |
비교예 1 | 13,000 | 12,600 |
비교예 2 | 8,500 | 8,400 |
Claims (20)
- 플러깅 현상을 감소시키도록 병렬 배치되는 것으로서, 부타디엔(반응 원료), 중합 촉매 및 용매가 각각 공급 및 중합되는 2개의 제1 중합 반응기;상기 제1 중합 반응기에 직렬 배치되는 것으로서, 상기 제1 중합 반응기에서 배출되는 부타디엔 중합체를 함유한 제1 중합액이 공급되어 부타디엔 중합 반응이 수행되는 하나 이상의 제2 중합 반응기; 및상기 제1 중합 반응기 및 제2 중합 반응기에서 배출되는 기체를 응축시킨 후, 응축물을 상기 제1 중합 반응기 및/또는 제2 중합 반응기로 공급하는 하나 이상의 응축기를 포함하는 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 병렬 배치된 제1 중합 반응기 내 공급 원료의 체류 시간을 늘리면 부타디엔 중합체로의 전환율이 상승하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 체류시간은 35 내지 65 분인 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 부타디엔 중합체로의 전환율은 85% 이상인 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 중합 반응기 및 제2 중합 반응기에서 배출되는 기체가 동일한 응축기에서 응축되면, 이로부터 응축된 응축물은 상기 제1 중합 반응기로 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 중합 반응기 및 제2 중합 반응기에서 배출되는 기체가 각 반응기에 연결된 서로 다른 응축기에서 응축되면, 이로부터 응축된 각각의 응축물은 상기 제1 중합 반응기 및 제2 중합 반응기로 각각 환류되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 2에 있어서, 상기 제1 중합 반응기 내 공급 원료의 체류 시간은, 상기 제1 중합 반응기 내 체적부피를 증가시키거나, 상기 병렬 배치된 제1 중합 반응기로 공급되는 원료 유량을 감소시켜 늘리는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 7에 있어서, 상기 제1 중합 반응기 내 체적부피는 30 내지 70 %인 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 7에 있어서, 상기 원료 유량은 상기 원료가 상기 병렬 배치된 제1 중합 반응기로 분리 공급되어 감소되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 병렬 배치된 제1 중합 반응기는 중합열을 분산시켜, 중합 시 발생되는 기체의 양이 감소되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치는, 상기 제1 및 제2 중합 반응기에 직렬로 연결되는 중합 반응기를 더욱 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 중합 반응기의 총 개수는 3 내지 5개인 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 촉매는 전이 금속 화합물, 란타늄 계열의 화합물, 유기알루미늄 화합물 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 지글러-나타 촉매인 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 용매는 탄소수 4 내지 6의 지방족 탄화수소, 지환족 탄화수소, 방향족 탄화수소 및 이들의 혼합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 14에 있어서, 상기 지방족 탄화수소는 부탄, 펜탄, 헥산, 이소펜탄, 헵탄, 옥탄 및 이소옥탄으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되고, 상기 지환족 탄화수소는 시클로펜탄, 메틸시클로펜탄, 시클로헥산, 메틸시클로헥산 및 에틸시클로헥산으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되며, 상기 방향족 탄화수소는 벤젠, 톨루엔, 에틸 벤젠 및 자일렌으로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 중합 반응기에는 분자량 조절제, 반응 정지제, 산화 방지제, 분산제, 윤활제 및 이들의 혼합물이 더욱 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 제1 및 제2 중합 반응기의 상부에는, 중합열에 의해 생성된 기체를 상기 응축기로 공급하는 기체 배출 배관이 연결되고, 하부에는 부타디엔 중합체를 함유한 중합액을 배출하거나 다음 중합 반응기로 공급하는 중합액 배출 배관이 연결되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 부타디엔, 중합 촉매 및 용매는 원료 공급 배관을 통하여 상기 제1 중합 반응기로 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 응축물은 순환 배관을 통하여 상기 제1 중합 반응기 및/또는 제2 중합 반응기로 공급되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
- 청구항 1에 있어서, 상기 중합 반응은 70℃ 내지 120℃의 온도 및 0.1 kgf/cm2 내지 5 kgf/cm2의 압력 하에서 수행되는 것을 특징으로 하는, 폴리부타디엔의 제조 장치.
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