WO2017029912A1 - 生産設備、生産設備の設計方法、並びに生産設備の制御方法及び製造方法 - Google Patents
生産設備、生産設備の設計方法、並びに生産設備の制御方法及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017029912A1 WO2017029912A1 PCT/JP2016/070605 JP2016070605W WO2017029912A1 WO 2017029912 A1 WO2017029912 A1 WO 2017029912A1 JP 2016070605 W JP2016070605 W JP 2016070605W WO 2017029912 A1 WO2017029912 A1 WO 2017029912A1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 45
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 32
- 238000012938 design process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000010365 information processing Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64F—GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH AIRCRAFT; DESIGNING, MANUFACTURING, ASSEMBLING, CLEANING, MAINTAINING OR REPAIRING AIRCRAFT, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; HANDLING, TRANSPORTING, TESTING OR INSPECTING AIRCRAFT COMPONENTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B64F5/00—Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for; Handling, transporting, testing or inspecting aircraft components, not otherwise provided for
- B64F5/10—Manufacturing or assembling aircraft, e.g. jigs therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
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- G05B19/41815—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by the cooperation between machine tools, manipulators and conveyor or other workpiece supply system, workcell
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- G05B19/4188—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by CIM planning or realisation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P90/60—Electric or hybrid propulsion means for production processes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a production facility, a production facility design method, and a production facility control method and manufacturing method.
- a production facility (also referred to as a production line) that transports a workpiece along a predetermined transport path and processes it with a plurality of processing devices installed on the transport path is used for the production of various products.
- a production line it is required to manufacture products efficiently.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a main line for assembling a main part that is common between different vehicle bodies and a main part that can absorb an assembling man-hour deviation caused by a difference in model, and an assembling man-hour that occurs due to a difference in model.
- a vehicle body assembly line including a main part that cannot absorb deviation and a subline for assembling subparts is disclosed.
- Patent Document 2 discloses an automobile production line in which an assembly waiting train lane and a buffer lane are arranged between a painting line and an assembly line.
- the buffer lane is a system in which the vehicles extracted from the assembly waiting vehicle lane are arranged in a row and sent to the downstream assembly line.
- a rivet is driven and joined to a plurality of skins with a striking device (hereinafter referred to as “striking”) to form (process) a fuselage panel that is a workpiece.
- a striking device hereinafter referred to as “striking”
- the number of hits may vary greatly depending on the body panel.
- the occupation time of a processing apparatus changes with workpieces from which a shape differs. That is, the number of steps required for processing differs. For example, a workpiece having a long overall length is processed by two processing devices, while a workpiece having a different overall length is processed by a single processing device for a workpiece having a short overall length.
- the number of processing devices used differs. For this reason, a plurality of processing apparatuses may be provided in the production facility so as to correspond to the workpiece having the largest number of processes. However, when workpieces having different shapes are continuously conveyed, some of the plurality of processing devices may not temporarily process the workpiece. Thus, when a non-working processing apparatus arises, it will not be able to process a workpiece efficiently as production equipment.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and even when a plurality of workpieces having different shapes are continuously processed, a production facility and a production facility capable of efficiently processing the workpiece. It is an object of the present invention to provide a design method, a production facility control method, and a manufacturing method.
- the production equipment, the production equipment design method, and the production equipment control method and manufacturing method of the present invention employ the following means.
- the production facility includes a transport device that transports a plurality of workpieces having a plurality of types having different shapes along a predetermined transport path, and the work that is transported along the transport path.
- a plurality of processing devices that process the workpiece, and a work area that is preset in the conveyance path corresponding to each of the plurality of processing devices and indicates a range in which the processing device can work to process the workpiece.
- the production facility includes a transport device that transports a plurality of workpieces in which a plurality of types having different shapes are mixed along a predetermined transport path.
- the workpiece is a fuselage panel that forms, for example, a fuselage part of an aircraft, and the total length and the total width vary depending on the shape.
- the process with respect to a to-be-processed object is a hammering, for example.
- the production facility has a plurality of processing devices for processing the workpiece conveyed on the conveyance path, and each processing unit is set in advance on the conveyance path corresponding to each of the plurality of processing devices to process the workpiece.
- a work area indicating a workable range of the apparatus. That is, the processing apparatus moves in the work area and performs a predetermined process on the work piece on the work piece stopped in the work area corresponding to itself.
- the work is synonymous with machining.
- the production equipment is a pulse line, for example, and a stop time for which the workpiece continues to stop at the installation position of the processing apparatus is predetermined, and when the stop time elapses, the workpiece is moved to the next work area. It is conveyed to.
- the moving processing is performed by the control device.
- the moving machining process is a process of machining a workpiece by moving a machining apparatus having no workpiece to be machined in a work area corresponding to itself to another work area adjacent thereto.
- a processing apparatus that is not used for processing a workpiece is moved to another adjacent work area, and the workpiece is processed in the other work area.
- the plurality of processing apparatuses process the workpiece in cooperation. Therefore, according to this configuration, the operating rate of the processing apparatus is improved, and the processing is performed in cooperation by the plurality of processing apparatuses. Therefore, even when a plurality of workpieces having different shapes are continuously processed, the workpiece Can be processed efficiently.
- a preliminary work area that is preset in the transport path adjacent to the work area and moves the workpiece corresponding to the adjacent work area to process the workpiece.
- the work adjacent to the preliminary work area The workpiece may be processed by moving the processing device corresponding to the region to the preliminary work region.
- the production facility includes a preliminary work area that is set in advance on the transfer route adjacent to the work area.
- a processing apparatus corresponding to the adjacent work area moves to process the workpiece.
- the moving machining process is performed when there is no workpiece to be processed in the work area adjacent to the preliminary work area and there is a workpiece to be processed in the preliminary work area.
- the apparatus is moved to the preliminary work area to process the workpiece. That is, there is no processing apparatus that moves only the preliminary work area, and the processing apparatus moves from the adjacent work area to the preliminary work area only when a workpiece is processed in the preliminary work area.
- a processing device that is not used for processing a workpiece is moved to the adjacent preliminary work area, and the workpiece is processed in the preliminary work area. Even in the case where a plurality of workpieces having different operating shapes are improved and the shapes are continuously processed, the workpiece can be efficiently processed.
- the preliminary work area may be set between the work areas.
- the moving machining process includes the workpiece that can be machined by the plurality of machining devices in the work area, and the workpiece to be machined in another work area adjacent to the work area.
- the work piece corresponding to another work area may be moved to the adjacent work area and the work piece may be machined by a plurality of the work apparatuses.
- a processing device that is not used for processing a workpiece is moved to an adjacent work area, and a plurality of processing devices cooperate to process one workpiece.
- the operation rate of a processing apparatus improves and it can process a workpiece efficiently even when processing several workpieces from which a shape differs continuously.
- each of the processing devices can be used for processing the workpiece as a set time, and when the moving processing described above is performed, The conveyance order of the plurality of types of workpieces is determined so that the operating time of the processing apparatus does not exceed the set time.
- a minimum number of the processing devices is calculated by dividing an average processing time of the workpiece per piece by the set time, and a plurality of types of the workpieces are calculated based on the minimum number. You may determine the conveyance order of a thing.
- the required number of processing devices is calculated by calculating the minimum number of processing devices based on the average processing time of non-workpieces. Can be determined appropriately.
- a method for controlling a production facility in which a plurality of workpieces having a plurality of types having different shapes are conveyed along a predetermined conveyance path, and the conveyance path is conveyed.
- a plurality of processing devices that process the workpiece, and a range that is preset in the conveyance path corresponding to each of the plurality of processing devices and that can be operated by the processing device to process the workpiece.
- a work area control method comprising: a work area, wherein the work apparatus without the work piece to be processed in the work area corresponding to the work area is moved to another work area adjacent to the work area.
- a moving process is performed to process an object.
- the manufacturing method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention manufactures a workpiece by the production equipment described above.
- the workpiece can be processed efficiently.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a production facility 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the production facility 10 has only one line (hereinafter referred to as “production line”), but two or more production lines may be provided in parallel.
- the production facility 10 includes a transport device 16 that transports a plurality of workpieces 12 in which a plurality of types having different shapes are mixed along a predetermined transport path 14.
- the workpiece 12 has a different total length and width depending on its shape, and accordingly, the machining position and the number of machining of the workpiece 12 also differ. Moreover, even if the workpiece 12 has the same shape, the machining position and the number of machining with respect to the workpiece 12 may be different.
- the workpiece 12 is, for example, a fuselage panel that forms a fuselage portion of an aircraft, and the fuselage panel is formed by a plurality of (2 or 3) skins 18 or the like.
- a plurality of types of workpieces 12 are mixed and conveyed (also referred to as mixed flow) for one line.
- the processing on the workpiece 12 is, for example, a hammer that is joined by driving a rivet into the workpiece 12.
- a rail (track) 20 is laid as the transport path 14 and an automatic guided vehicle (hereinafter referred to as “AGV”) is used as the transport device 16.
- the conveyance device 16 includes a jig 22, and the workpiece 12 is fixed to the conveyance device 16 by the jig 22.
- the jig 22 is a common jig that can be fixed even if the type (full length, full width, etc.) of the workpiece 12 is different.
- the production facility 10 includes a plurality of processing devices 24 that process the workpiece 12 that has been transported through the transport path 14 and stopped.
- the processing device 24 is, for example, a portal automatic driving device (AUTOMATIC RIVETING DEVICE, hereinafter referred to as “A / R”).
- the processing device 24 is provided with wheels or the like at the bottom, and is capable of self-propelled.
- the processing device 24 is arranged for each work area (hereinafter referred to as “work area”) 30 as shown in FIG.
- the production facility 10 according to the first embodiment is a so-called pulse line, and a stop time during which the workpiece 12 continues to stop at the installation position (work area) of the processing device 24 is determined in advance.
- each processing device 24 needs to process the workpiece 12 within a predetermined stop time that is a predetermined time. This stop time is the same regardless of the type of the workpiece 12.
- a work area 30 is preset in the transport path 14 in the production facility 10 corresponding to each processing device 24.
- the work area 30 is set with a stop position of the workpiece 12, and indicates a range in which each processing device 24 can work to process the stopped workpiece 12.
- the work here is synonymous with machining.
- the workpiece 12 is manufactured by the production facility 10.
- the position of the work area 30 or the processing device 24 is shown as Pos.
- the larger the last number the more the work area 30 or the installation position corresponding to the processing device 24 installed on the downstream side of the workpiece 12 in the transport direction.
- the control device 32 manages the stop time of the transport device 16 that has reached the work area 30, the processing (processing position) performed on the workpiece 12 by the processing device 24, and the like.
- the workpiece 12 according to the first embodiment will be described as the body panel 12, the transport device 16 as the AGV 16, and the processing device 24 as the A / R 24.
- the AGV 16 As shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of skins 18 and the like are placed on a jig 22 provided in the AGV 16 by a robot 23, and the AGV 16 moves on the rail 20.
- the AGV 16 stops at the stop position corresponding to each A / R 24, the A / R 24 moves within the work area 30 corresponding to each A / R 24 and hits the skins 18 to form the body panel 12.
- control apparatus 32 performs a movement process process (manufacture of the fuselage panel 12), when performing the process which strikes the fuselage panel 12 by A / R24.
- a movement process process manufactured of the fuselage panel 12
- the A / R 24 without the body panel 12 to be beaten in the work area 30 corresponding to itself is moved to another adjacent work area 30 (a buffer area described later). This is a process of striking the body panel 12.
- the A / R 24 that is not used for driving the fuselage panel 12 is moved to another adjacent work area 30 and the fuselage panel 12 is driven in the other work area 30.
- the plurality of A / Rs 24 collide with the body panel 12 in cooperation. Therefore, the operation rate of the A / R 24 is improved by performing the moving machining process, and the plurality of A / Rs 24 perform the driving operation in cooperation, so that the plurality of trunk panels 12 having different shapes are continuously driven. Even when doing so, the fuselage panel 12 can be driven efficiently.
- buffer area moving process the moving process according to the first embodiment (hereinafter referred to as “buffer area moving process”) will be described in detail.
- a preliminary work area (hereinafter referred to as “buffer area”) 34 is set in advance on the transport path 14 adjacent to the work area 30.
- the buffer area 34 is an area where the A / R 24 corresponding to the adjacent work area 30 moves and hits the body panel 12.
- the buffer area 34 is set adjacent to the work area 30 on the downstream side in the conveyance direction of the body panel 12. In the buffer area moving process, when there is no fuselage panel 12 to be beaten in the work area 30 adjacent to the buffer area 34 and there is the fuselage panel 12 to be beaten in the buffer area 34, the work area adjacent to the buffer area 34 is used.
- the body panel 12 is beaten by moving the A / R 24 corresponding to 30 to the buffer area 34. That is, although the buffer area 34 is also the work area 30, there is no A / R 24 that moves only in the buffer area 34, and only when the body panel 12 is beaten in the buffer area 34, the buffer area 34 is moved from the adjacent work area 30. A / R24 moves to
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the operating state of the A / R 24 when there is no buffer area 34
- FIG. 4 shows the operating state of the A / R 24 when there is the buffer area 34 according to the first embodiment.
- It is a schematic diagram shown. 3 and 4 indicate the position of each A / R 24, and the column (Takt 1 to 5 or Takt 1 to 4) is the content of the process performed in the work area 30 (Pos. 1 to 3) and the buffer area 34, in other words Indicates the elapsed time (also called tact time).
- 3 and 4 there are three types (large, medium, and small) of the fuselage panels 12 having different overall lengths, and the large fuselage panel 12 has been hammered by the work for three tact times.
- the panel 12 is hammered by the work for two tact times, and the small body panel 12 is hammered by the work for one tact time. That is, the large fuselage panel 12 is driven by three A / Rs 24, the middle fuselage panel 12 is driven by two A / Rs 24, and the small fuselage panel 12 is driven by one A / R24. The hitting is completed at / R24.
- the large fuselage panel 12 is denoted as a fuselage panel 12_b
- the middle fuselage panel 12 is denoted as a fuselage panel 12_m
- the small fuselage panel 12 is denoted as a fuselage panel 12_s.
- Pos. 2 corresponds to A / R2
- Pos. A / R24 corresponding to 3 is denoted as A / R3.
- the production facility 10 is provided with three A / Rs 24, and the body panel 12 is transported along the transport path 14 in the order of large, small, and medium.
- Pos. 1 the small body panel 12_s is transported and stopped, and the A / R1 completes the driving of the body panel 12_s within the stop time.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_b is Pos. 2 is transported and stopped, and the next third of the fuselage panel 12_b is beaten at A / R2.
- Pos. 1 is transported and stopped, and A / R1 hits half of the entire length of the body panel 12_m within the stop time.
- Pos. 1 to the body panel 12_s from Pos. 2 is transported and stopped, but the A / R2 does not operate because the driving has already been completed.
- Pos. 2 is connected to Pos. 3, the A / R 3 hits the remaining third of the fuselage panel 12_b, and the hitting of the fuselage panel 12_b is completed.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_m is Pos. 2 and the remaining half of the fuselage panel 12_m is beaten at A / R2 to complete the strike of the fuselage panel 12_m.
- Pos. 2 to the body panel 12_s from Pos. 3 is transported and stopped, but the A / R 3 does not operate because the driving has already been completed.
- Pos. 2 to the body panel 12_m is Pos. 3 is transported and stopped, but the A / R 3 does not operate because the driving has already been completed.
- the operating rate of the A / R 24 is 67%.
- a buffer area 34 is provided in the production facility 10 together with two A / Rs 24, and the body panel 12 is transported along the transport path 14 in the order of large, small, and medium as in FIG. 3. .
- the buffer area 34 has Pos. 3 position is set. That is, as described above, since there is no A / R 24 that moves only in the buffer area 34, in the example of FIG. 1 and Pos. 2 and Pos. The A / R 2 located at 2 can be moved to the buffer area 34 as well.
- Pos. 1 the small body panel 12_s is transported and stopped, and the A / R1 completes the driving of the body panel 12_s within the stop time.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_b is Pos. 2 is transported and stopped, and the next third of the fuselage panel 12_b is beaten at A / R2.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_m is Pos. 2 and the remaining half of the fuselage panel 12_m is beaten at A / R2 to complete the strike of the fuselage panel 12_m.
- Pos. 2 is transported / stopped to the buffer area 34, but since the driving has already been completed, A / R2 is set to Pos. 2 to the buffer area 34.
- the process until the hammering of the fuselage panel 12 that is large, small, and medium is completed is shorter than in the example of FIG. 3, and the operation rate (operation rate 100%) of the A / R 24 is improved.
- the number of A / R 24 is small.
- the A / R 24 that is not used for driving the fuselage panel 12 is moved to the adjacent buffer area 34, and the fuselage panel 12 is moved in the buffer area 34. Therefore, even when a plurality of fuselage panels 12 having different shapes are continuously beaten, the fuselage panel 12 can be beaten efficiently.
- the buffer area 34 may be set between the work areas 30, in other words, between the A / Rs 24.
- the buffer area 34 may be set between the work areas 30, in other words, between the A / Rs 24.
- the A / R 24 corresponding to the upstream work area 30 cannot be beaten due to a failure
- the downstream A / R 24 moves to the buffer area 34, and instead of the failed A / R 24, the buffer The body panel 12 may be hammered in the area 34.
- the A / R 24 that has moved to the buffer area 34 returns to the work area 30 corresponding to the A / R 24 again after the hitting in the buffer area 34 and hits the body panel 12 there.
- the production facility design process for determining the number of buffer areas 34 (hereinafter referred to as “the number of buffer areas”) and the conveyance order of the plurality of types of body panels 12 will be described. That is, the production facility design process is a process executed when the production facility 10 is designed, and the number of buffer areas 34 and the transfer order of the body panel 12 are determined according to the result of the production facility design process.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of the information processing apparatus 50 (computer) that executes the production facility design process according to the first embodiment.
- the information processing apparatus 50 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 52 that controls the operation of the information processing apparatus 50 as a whole, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 54 in which various programs, various data, and the like are stored in advance.
- a RAM (Random Access Memory) 56 used as a work area at the time of program execution, a HDD (Hard Disk Drive) 58 as a storage means for storing various programs and various data such as a program for executing a production facility design process, etc. ing.
- the information processing apparatus 50 is configured by a keyboard, a mouse, and the like, an operation input unit 60 that receives input of various operations, displays various images, for example, an image display unit 62 such as a liquid crystal display device, and others via a communication line. And an external interface 64 that transmits and receives various data to and from other information processing apparatuses.
- the CPU 52, ROM 54, RAM 56, HDD 58, operation input unit 60, image display unit 62, and external interface 64 are electrically connected to each other via a system bus 70. Accordingly, the CPU 52 accesses the ROM 54, RAM 56, and HDD 58, grasps the operation state with respect to the operation input unit 60, displays an image on the image display unit 62, and performs various operations with other information processing devices via the external interface 64. Data can be transmitted and received.
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing of a program executed by the information processing apparatus 50 when the production facility design processing according to the first embodiment is performed.
- step 100 the number of aircraft fuselage units produced per month (the number of production machines) and the number of fuselage panels 12 required per vehicle are input.
- step 102 the production number of body panels 12 per month is calculated based on the value input in step 100, and the process proceeds to step 108. For example, if the number of aircraft fuselage parts produced per month is 4.15 and the number of fuselage panels 12 required per aircraft is 13, the number of fuselage panels 12 produced per month (the number of processed sheets) is 54. Sheets / month.
- step 104 the number of operating days per month and the operating time per day are input.
- step 106 the operation time per month of the production facility 10 is calculated based on the value input in step 104, and the process proceeds to step 108. For example, if the number of working days per month is 20 days and the working time per day is 20 hours, the working time per month is 400 hours / month.
- a time (hereinafter referred to as “production rate”) that can be used for hitting one body panel 12 is calculated.
- step 110 taking into consideration the possibility that the production facility 10 will stop due to trouble or the like, a value obtained by multiplying the production rate calculated in step 108 by a predetermined value is calculated, and the process proceeds to step 114.
- the predetermined value is a predicted operation rate of the production facility 10 and is, for example, 0.85. Therefore, if the production rate is 444 minutes / sheet, the value calculated in step 108 is 377 minutes / sheet. This value indicates a substantial operation time in which one A / R 24 can beat the fuselage panel 12, and this is set as a set operation time in the A / R simulation.
- step 112 the average driving time of the fuselage panel 12 per sheet is input, and the process proceeds to step 114.
- the average hitting time is obtained in advance.
- the minimum number of A / Rs 24 may be calculated in step 114 using the production rate calculated in step 108 without performing step 110.
- the production rate is set as the set operation time.
- the number of buffer areas 34 and the transport order of the fuselage panel 12 are determined by simulation.
- the number of buffer areas N B is set.
- the buffer area 34 is set adjacent to the further downstream side of the work area 30 on the most downstream side in the conveyance direction of the body panel 12.
- the conveyance order of the fuselage panel 12 is set.
- the conveyance order of the body panel 12 may be set at random, for example, or may be set based on a predetermined rule.
- step 204 based on set operation time calculated in step 110, the number of A / R24 determined in step 114, the buffer area number N B set in step 200, and the conveying order of the fuselage panel 12 set in step 202 Then, a simulation of the production facility 10 (hereinafter referred to as “A / R simulation”) is performed. In this A / R simulation, the time for each A / R 24 to hit each body panel 12 is calculated until the hitting to all the body panels 12 is completed.
- step 206 in all steps (Takt), the A / R 24 determines whether or not driving to the body panel 12 is completed within the set operation time. That is, in the production equipment design process, the order of conveyance of the body panel 12 is determined so that the operation time of each A / R 24 does not exceed the set operation time. If an affirmative determination is made in step 206, the process proceeds to step 208.
- step 208 assuming that the production line is established in the set buffer area number N B and the conveyance order of the body panel 12, the established A / R simulation result is stored in the HDD 58. Then, the production facility 10 is manufactured based on the established A / R simulation result.
- step 210 it is determined whether or not the A / R simulation has been completed for all combinations in the conveyance order of the body panel 12, and if the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 212. On the other hand, in the case of negative determination, the process proceeds to step 202, where the transport order different from the transport order of the body panel 12 set so far is reset, and the A / R simulation is performed again.
- the increased buffer area 34 is newly set between the work area 30 on the downstream side and the work area 30 adjacent thereto.
- step 212 When the setting in step 212 is completed, the process proceeds to step 202 to set the conveyance order of the fuselage panel 12, and in step 204, the A / R simulation is performed again.
- 7 to 9 show an example of the order of conveyance of the fuselage panel 12 when the A / R simulation is not established. 7 to 9, three A / Rs 24 are set, and one buffer area 34 is Pos. 3 is set on the downstream side.
- FIG. 7 shows the time (operation time) required to strike the fuselage panel 12 (for example, 13 panels (Panel A to M) as an example) at each Takt for each A / R 24.
- a / R3 beats the fuselage panel J in the buffer area 34, but the operating time calculated by the A / R simulation is 428 minutes, and the actual operating time (set 377 minutes that is operation time) is exceeded.
- FIG. 8 shows the required hitting time (required hitting time) for each of the body panels A to M, the calculated hitting time (actual hitting time), and the required hitting time and actual hitting time. It is the schematic diagram which showed the difference (remaining work). As shown in FIG. 8, the fuselage panels 12 other than the fuselage panel J all match the required driving time and the actual driving time, and the remaining work is 0, but the remaining work for the fuselage panel J is 51 minutes. Has occurred.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the operation time for each of A / R1 to A / R3.
- a / R1 and A / R2 are all within the actual operation time (377 minutes) of the operation time of the A / R simulation result.
- the operating time of A / R3 at Takt 11 exceeds 377 minutes.
- FIGS. 10 to 13 show an example of the conveying order of the fuselage panel 12 when the A / R simulation is established.
- FIG. 10 corresponds to FIG. 7
- FIG. 11 corresponds to FIG. Corresponds to 9.
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the body panel 12 striking in the work area 30 (Pos. 1 to 3) and the buffer area 34 to which each A / R 24 corresponds, and the transport state of the body panel 12.
- a / R3 is Pos.
- a / R3 is Pos.
- a / R3 is Pos.
- After hitting the fuselage panels B, M, F, J, L, and H in step 3 hit the fuselage panels I, B, M, F, J, and L in the buffer area 34.
- a / R3 is Pos.
- the upstream A / R 24 leaves a part of the striking that should have been completed to the downstream A / R 24. You may perform A / R simulation so that it may perform.
- the production facility 10 conveys the AGV 16 and the conveyance path 14 that convey the plurality of fuselage panels 12 having a plurality of types having different shapes through the predetermined conveyance path 14.
- a plurality of A / Rs 24 for striking the body panel 12 to be performed, and a preset transfer path 14 corresponding to each of the plurality of A / Rs 24, and the A / R 24 can work to beat the body panel 12.
- a work area 30 indicating a range is provided.
- the production facility 10 further includes a buffer area 34 that is set in advance on the transport path 14 adjacent to the work area 30, and the A / R 24 corresponding to the adjacent work area 30 moves to hit the body panel 12.
- the control device 32 of the production facility 10 is adjacent to the buffer area 34 when there is no fuselage panel 12 to be beaten in the work area 30 adjacent to the buffer area 34 and there is a fuselage panel 12 to be beaten in the buffer area 34.
- the moving processing is performed in which the A / R 24 corresponding to the work area 30 to be moved is moved to the buffer area 34 and the body panel 12 is driven.
- the production facility 10 moves the A / R 24 that is not used for driving the fuselage panel 12 to the adjacent buffer area 34, and hits the fuselage panel 12 in the buffer area 34. Since the wrinkle is performed, the operating rate of the A / R 24 is improved, and the body panel 12 can be efficiently beaten even when a plurality of body panels 12 having different shapes are continuously beaten.
- the work area 30 corresponding to the failed A / R 24 is newly set as the buffer area 34, and the A / R adjacent to the newly set buffer area 34 is set. R24 may move to the newly set buffer area 34 and hit the fuselage panel 12.
- the production facility design process shown in FIG. 6 is performed according to the setting not using the failed A / R 24, and the conveyance order of the body panel 12 is determined again.
- the production rate of the fuselage panel and the number of A / R 24 corresponding to the number of A / Rs 24 that can be operated are set, the processing (simulation) according to steps 200 to 212 is performed, and the conveyance order of the fuselage panel 12 is determined again.
- the A / R 24 is controlled according to the determined transport order.
- the number of buffer areas is set in consideration of the newly set buffer area 34.
- the configuration of the production facility 10 according to the second embodiment is the same as the configuration of the production facility 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the A / R 24 without the body panel 12 to be beaten in the work area 30 corresponding to itself is replaced with the work area 30 adjacent to the work area 30 (A / R 24 is installed). This is a process of driving the body panel 12 by moving to the area 30).
- the moving machining process (hereinafter referred to as “simultaneous multiple A / R process”) according to the second embodiment will be described.
- simultaneous multiple A / R process there is a fuselage panel 12 that can be beaten by a plurality of A / Rs 24 in the work area 30, and a fuselage panel 12 that is beaten in another work area 30 adjacent to the work area 30. If not, the A / R 24 corresponding to the other work area 30 is moved to the adjacent work area 30 and the body panel 12 is beaten by the plurality of A / Rs 24.
- the fuselage panel 12 that can be beaten by a plurality of A / Rs 24 is a fuselage panel 12 that is not completely beaten by a single A / R 24, such as the fuselage panels 12_b and 12_m. Further, hitting the body panel 12 with a plurality of A / Rs 24 means hitting simultaneously with two A / Rs 24 as an example in the second embodiment.
- the A / R 24 that is not used for driving the body panel 12 is moved to the adjacent work area 30, and the multiple A / Rs 24 are coordinated. Then, one body panel 12 is hammered. For this reason, even when the operation rate of A / R24 improves and the several torso panels 12 from which a shape differs are continuously beaten, the torso panel 12 can be beaten efficiently.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the operating state of the A / R 24 when the simultaneous multiple A / R process is not performed, while FIG. 16 shows the operating state of the A / R 24 when the simultaneous multiple A / R process is performed. It is a schematic diagram shown. 15 and 16 indicate the position of each A / R 24, and the column (Takt 1 to 5 or Takt 1 to 4) indicates the contents of the process performed in the work area 30 (Pos. 1 to 3), in other words, the passage of time. .
- the production facility 10 is provided with three A / Rs 24, and the body panel 12 is transported along the transport path 14 in the order of small, large, and medium.
- Pos. 1 to the body panel 12_s from Pos. 2 is transported and stopped, but the A / R2 does not operate because the driving has already been completed.
- Pos. 1 is transported and stopped, and A / R1 hits half of the entire length of the body panel 12_m within the stop time.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_b is Pos. 2 is transported and stopped, and the next third of the fuselage panel 12_b is beaten at A / R2.
- Pos. 2 to the body panel 12_s from Pos. 3 is transported and stopped, but the A / R 3 does not operate because the driving has already been completed.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_m is Pos. 2 and the remaining half of the fuselage panel 12_m is beaten at A / R2 to complete the strike of the fuselage panel 12_m.
- Pos. 2 is connected to Pos. 3, the A / R 3 hits the remaining third of the fuselage panel 12_b, and the hitting of the fuselage panel 12_b is completed.
- Pos. 2 to the body panel 12_m is Pos. 3 is transported and stopped, but the A / R 3 does not operate because the driving has already been completed.
- the operating rate of the A / R 24 is 67%.
- Pos. 1 is transported and stopped, and A / R1 strikes half of the entire length of the body panel 12_m within the stop time.
- Pos. 1 to fuselage panel 12_b is Pos.
- the A / R 2 hits the remaining third of the fuselage panel 12_b (one third of the central portion of the entire length), and the driving of the fuselage panel 12_b is completed.
- the process until the hammering of the body panel 12 that is smaller, larger, and medium is completed is shorter and the operation rate of the A / R 24 is also improved (operation rate 100%).
- the number of A / R 24 is also small.
- the operation rate of the A / Rs 24 is improved and the shapes are different. Even when a plurality of fuselage panels 12 are beaten continuously, the fuselage panel 12 can be beaten efficiently.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing of a program executed by the information processing apparatus 50 when performing production facility design processing according to the second embodiment. Steps 100 to 114 in FIG. 17 are the same as those in FIG.
- the production facility design process according to the second embodiment includes the number of A / Rs 24 that move to another work area 30 and strike the fuselage panel 12 (hereinafter “ Called "cooperative units”).
- the cooperative number NAR is set.
- the A / R 24 (hereinafter referred to as “cooperative A / R”) that moves to another work area 30 is, for example, the A / R 24 corresponding to the work area 30 on the most downstream side in the conveyance direction of the body panel 12. .
- the conveyance order of the fuselage panel 12 is set.
- step 304 based on the set operation time calculated in step 110, the number of A / Rs 24 determined in step 114, the cooperative number N AR set in step 300, and the transport order of the fuselage panel 12 set in step 302. A / R simulation is performed.
- step 306 in all the steps (Takt), the A / R 24 determines whether or not the driving of the fuselage panel 12 is completed within the set operation time. If an affirmative determination is made in step 306, the process proceeds to step 308.
- step 308 assuming that the production line is established in the set cooperative number NAR and the conveyance order of the fuselage panel 12, the established A / R simulation result is stored in the HDD 58.
- step 306 the process proceeds to step 310.
- step 310 it is determined whether or not the A / R simulation has been completed for all combinations in the conveyance order of the body panel 12. If the determination is affirmative, the process proceeds to step 312. On the other hand, in the case of negative determination, the process proceeds to step 302, where the transport order different from the transport order of the body panel 12 set so far is reset, and the A / R simulation is performed again.
- step 312 When the setting in step 312 is completed, the process proceeds to step 302, the conveyance order of the body panel 12 is set again, and the A / R simulation is performed again.
- 18 to 20 show an example of the order of conveyance of the fuselage panel 12 when the A / R simulation is not established. 18 to 20, three A / Rs 24 are set, and A / R2 is Pos. 1 and A / R3 becomes Pos. 2 can be moved.
- FIG. 18 shows the time (operating time) required to strike the fuselage panel 12 (for example, 13 panels (Panel A to M)) at each Takt for each A / R 24.
- a / R3 is Pos. 3
- the body panel G is beaten, but the operation time calculated by the A / R simulation is 402 minutes, which exceeds the actual operation time (set operation time) of 377 minutes.
- FIG. 19 shows the hitting time required for each of the body panels A to M (required hitting time), the calculated hitting time (actual hitting time), and the required hitting time and actual hitting time. It is the schematic diagram which showed the difference (remaining work). As shown in FIG. 19, the fuselage panels 12 other than the fuselage panel G all match the required driving time and the actual driving time, and the remaining work is zero. Has occurred.
- FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the operation time for each of A / R1 to A / R3.
- a / R1 and A / R2 are all within the actual operation time (377 minutes) of the operation time of the A / R simulation result.
- the operating time of A / R3 at Takt 9 exceeds 377 minutes.
- FIGS. 21 to 23 show an example of the conveying order of the fuselage panel 12 when the A / R simulation is established.
- FIG. 21 corresponds to FIG. 18,
- FIG. 22 corresponds to FIG. Corresponds to 20.
- the A / R 24 that is not used for striking the body panel 12 is moved to another work area 30 adjacent to the multiple A / R processes. / R24 collaborates to strike one fuselage panel 12. For this reason, according to the simultaneous multiple A / R processing, the operating rate of the A / R 24 is improved, and even when a plurality of fuselage panels 12 having different shapes are continuously beaten, the fuselage panel 12 can be beaten efficiently. .
- the A / R 24 cannot be beaten due to a failure, the adjacent A / R 24 moves to the work area 30 corresponding to the failed A / R 24 and the fuselage panel 12 is replaced with the failed A / R 24. You may make a hit. In this case, when the A / R 24 that has moved finishes striking in the work area 30 that is the movement destination, the A / R 24 returns to the work area 30 that corresponds to itself, and strikes the body panel 12 there. When the A / R 24 fails, the production facility design process shown in FIG. 17 is performed according to the setting not using the failed A / R 24, and the conveyance order of the body panel 12 is determined again.
- the fuselage panel production rate and the number of A / Rs 24 corresponding to the number of A / Rs 24 that can be operated are set, the processing (simulation) related to steps 300 to 312 is performed, and the conveyance order of the fuselage panel 12 is determined again.
- the A / R 24 is controlled according to the determined transport order.
- the embodiment has been described in which the workpiece 12 is the aircraft fuselage panel 12, the transport device 16 is the AGV 16, and the processing device 24 is the A / R 24.
- the present invention is not limited thereto. It is good also as a form made into another thing instead of a thing.
- the plurality of processing devices 24 are not all of the same type, and different types of processing devices 24 may be mixed, or a processing device 24 that does not contribute to the moving processing process may be included. Between 24 and the processing apparatus 24, processing by human manual work may be included.
- Production equipment 12 Body panel (workpiece) 14 Transport route 16 AGV (Transport device) 24 A / R (processing equipment) 30 Working area 32 Controller 34 Buffer area
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Abstract
Description
このため、形状が異なる被加工物によって加工装置の占有時間も異なる。すなわち、加工に要する工程数が異なる。例えば、全長が長い被加工物は2台の加工装置によって加工される一方、全長が短い被加工物に対しては1台の加工装置で加工するときのように、長さが異なる被加工物に対して使用する加工装置の台数が異なる。
このため、最も工程数の多い被加工物に対応するように複数の加工装置が生産設備に設けられる場合がある。しかしながら、形状が異なる被加工物が連続して搬送されると、複数の加工装置のうち、一部の加工装置が一時的に被加工物の加工を行わない場合が生じる。このように非稼働の加工装置が生じる場合は、生産設備として被加工物の加工を効率良く行えていないこととなる。
このように、本構成は、被加工物の加工に使用されていない加工装置を隣接する他の作業領域に移動させて、他の作業領域で被加工物の加工を行わせる。換言すると、加工装置が本来の作業領域を超えて移動することで、複数の加工装置が協調して被加工物を加工する。
従って、本構成によれば、加工装置の稼働率が向上し、複数の加工装置によって協調して加工を行うので、形状が異なる複数の被加工物を連続して加工する場合でも、被加工物を効率良く加工できる。
このように、本構成によれば、被加工物の加工に使用されていない加工装置を隣接する予備作業領域に移動させて、予備作業領域で被加工物の加工を行わせるため、加工装置の稼働率が向上し、形状が異なる複数の被加工物を連続して加工する場合でも、被加工物を効率良く加工できる。
以下、本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。
図1の例では、生産設備10が有するライン(以下「生産ライン」という。)は、1ラインだけであるが、2以上の生産ラインが並列に設けられてもよい。
被加工物12に対する加工は、例えば被加工物12にリベットを打ち込むことで接合する打鋲である。また、本実施形態に係る生産設備10は、搬送経路14としてレール(軌道)20が敷設され、搬送装置16として無人搬送車(Automatic Guide Vehicle、以下「AGV」という。)が用いられる。搬送装置16には、治具22が備えられ、この治具22によって被加工物12が搬送装置16に固定される。なお、この治具22は、一例として、被加工物12の種類(全長及び全幅等)が異なっても固定可能な共用治具とされている。
本第1実施形態に係る生産設備10は、所謂パルスラインであり、被加工物12が加工装置24の設置位置(作業エリア)において停止し続ける停止時間が予め定められており、この停止時間が経過すると被加工物12は次の作業エリア30へ搬送される。すなわち、各加工装置24は、予め定められた一定時間である停止時間内で被加工物12に加工を行う必要がある。この停止時間は、被加工物12の種類に関わらず同じである。
例えば、図1に示されるように、AGV16が備える治具22に、ロボット23によって複数のスキン18等が載置され、AGV16がレール20上を移動する。そして、各A/R24に対応する停止位置にAGV16が停止すると、A/R24は各々に対応する作業エリア30内で移動しながら、スキン18同士を打鋲することで胴体パネル12を形成する。
本第1実施形態に係る移動加工処理は、自身に対応する作業エリア30において打鋲する胴体パネル12がないA/R24を、隣接する他の作業エリア30(後述するバッファエリア)に移動させて胴体パネル12を打鋲する処理である。
そして、バッファエリア移動処理は、バッファエリア34に隣接する作業エリア30で打鋲する胴体パネル12がなく、かつバッファエリア34で打鋲する胴体パネル12がある場合、バッファエリア34に隣接する作業エリア30に対応するA/R24をバッファエリア34に移動させて胴体パネル12を打鋲する。すなわち、バッファエリア34は作業エリア30でもあるものの、バッファエリア34のみを移動するA/R24はなく、バッファエリア34で胴体パネル12を打鋲する場合にのみ、隣接する作業エリア30からバッファエリア34にA/R24が移動してくる。
図3,4の横列が各A/R24の位置を示し、縦列(Takt1~5又はTakt1~4)が作業エリア30(Pos.1~3)及びバッファエリア34で行われる工程の内容、換言すると時間経過(タクトタイムともいう。)を示す。また、図3,4の例では、全長の異なる胴体パネル12が3種類(大、中、小)あり、大の胴体パネル12はタクトタイム3回分の作業で打鋲が完了し、中の胴体パネル12はタクトタイム2回分の作業で打鋲が完了し、小の胴体パネル12はタクトタイム1回分の作業で打鋲が完了する。すなわち、大の胴体パネル12は3台のA/R24で打鋲が完了し、中の胴体パネル12は2台のA/R24で打鋲が完了し、小の胴体パネル12は1台のA/R24で打鋲が完了する。なお、以下の説明において大の胴体パネル12を胴体パネル12_b、中の胴体パネル12を胴体パネル12_m、小の胴体パネル12を胴体パネル12_sと表記する。また、Pos.1に対応するA/R24をA/R1、Pos.2に対応するA/R24をA/R2、Pos.3に対応するA/R24をA/R3と表記する。
このTakt3において、A/R2は、Pos.2で打鋲する胴体パネル12が無いため、バッファエリア34に移動して胴体パネル12_bの残り3分の1を打鋲する。これにより、Takt3で胴体パネル12_bの打鋲が完了する。
このように、本第1実施形態に係る生産設備10によれば、胴体パネル12の打鋲に使用されていないA/R24を隣接するバッファエリア34に移動させて、バッファエリア34で胴体パネル12の打鋲を行わせるため、A/R24の稼働率が向上し、形状が異なる複数の胴体パネル12を連続して打鋲する場合でも、胴体パネル12を効率良く打鋲できる。
例えば、上流側の作業エリア30に対応するA/R24が故障により打鋲できなくなった場合等に、下流側のA/R24がバッファエリア34に移動して故障したA/R24の替わりに、バッファエリア34において胴体パネル12の打鋲を行ってもよい。この場合、バッファエリア34へ移動したA/R24は、バッファエリア34での打鋲が終わると、再び自身に対応する作業エリア30へ戻り、そこで胴体パネル12の打鋲を行う。
このように、バッファエリア34を作業エリア30間に設けることによって、A/R24が故障しても、故障したA/R24の替わりに隣接するA/R24がバッファエリア34で打鋲を行うので、A/R24の故障により生産設備10そのものを停止することを抑制できる。
本実施形態に係る情報処理装置50は、情報処理装置50全体の動作を司るCPU(Central Processing Unit)52、各種プログラム及び各種データ等が予め記憶されたROM(Read Only Memory)54、CPU52による各種プログラムの実行時のワークエリア等として用いられるRAM(Random Access Memory)56、生産設備設計処理を実行するプログラム等、各種プログラム及び各種データを記憶する記憶手段としてのHDD(Hard Disk Drive)58を備えている。
次のステップ102では、一月当たりの胴体パネル12の生産枚数をステップ100で入力された値に基づいて算出し、ステップ108へ移行する。
例えば、航空機胴体部分の一月当たりの生産台数が4.15台、一台当たりに要する胴体パネル12の枚数が13枚とすると、一月当たりの胴体パネル12の生産枚数(加工枚数)は54枚/月となる。
次のステップ106では、生産設備10の一月当たりの稼働時間をステップ104で入力された値に基づいて算出し、ステップ108へ移行する。
例えば、一月当たりの稼働日数が20日、一日当たりの稼働時間が20時間とすると、一月当たりの稼働時間は400時間/月となる。
例えば、一月当たりの生産枚数が54枚、一月当たりの稼働時間が400時間であると、生産レートは444分/枚(7.4時間/枚=400/54)となる。この生産レートは、各A/R24が胴体パネル12の打鋲に使用できる時間、所謂タクトタイムである。
この値は、一台のA/R24が胴体パネル12を打鋲することができる実質の稼働時間を示し、これがA/Rシミュレーションに設定稼働時間として設定される。
例えば、平均打鋲時間が1061分/枚であり、設定稼働時間を377分/枚とすると、A/R24の最小台数は3台(2.8台=1061/377)となる。
このA/Rシミュレーションでは、全ての胴体パネル12への打鋲が完了するまでに、各A/R24が各胴体パネル12を打鋲する時間を算出する。
ステップ206で肯定判定となった場合は、ステップ208へ移行する。
ステップ210では、胴体パネル12の搬送順の全ての組み合わせについてA/Rシミュレーションが終了したか否かを判定し、肯定判定の場合はステップ212へ移行する。一方、否定判定の場合はステップ202へ移行し、それまでに設定した胴体パネル12の搬送順とは異なる搬送順を再設定し、A/Rシミュレーションを再び行う。
図7に示されるように、Takt11では、A/R3がバッファエリア34において胴体パネルJを打鋲するが、A/Rシミュレーションにより算出された稼働時間は428分であり、実質の稼働時間(設定稼働時間)である377分を超過している。
図8に示されるように、胴体パネルJ以外の胴体パネル12は、全て必要打鋲時間と実打鋲時間が一致し、残作業が0であるものの、胴体パネルJは51分の残作業が生じている。
図13に示されるように、Takt6においてA/R3は、Pos.3で胴体パネルIの打鋲を行った後に、バッファエリア34において胴体パネルGの打鋲を行う。同様に、Takt7~12においてA/R3は、Pos.3で胴体パネルB,M,F,J,L,Hの打鋲を行った後に、バッファエリア34で胴体パネルI,B,M,F,J,Lの打鋲を行う。また、Takt14においてA/R3は、Pos.3で打鋲する胴体パネル12がないため、バッファエリア34で胴体パネルKを打鋲する。さらに、Takt16においてA/R3は、Pos.3で打鋲する胴体パネル12がないため、バッファエリア34で胴体パネルEを打鋲し、全ての胴体パネル12の打鋲を設定稼働時間内に完了する。
そして、生産設備10の制御装置32は、バッファエリア34に隣接する作業エリア30で打鋲する胴体パネル12がなく、かつバッファエリア34で打鋲する胴体パネル12がある場合、バッファエリア34に隣接する作業エリア30に対応するA/R24をバッファエリア34に移動させて胴体パネル12を打鋲する移動加工処理を行う。
以下、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。
同時複数A/R処理は、作業エリア30に複数のA/R24による打鋲が可能な胴体パネル12があり、かつこの作業エリア30に隣接する他の作業エリア30で打鋲する胴体パネル12がない場合、他の作業エリア30に対応するA/R24を、隣接する作業エリア30に移動させて複数のA/R24で胴体パネル12を打鋲する。
また、複数のA/R24で胴体パネル12を打鋲するとは、本第2実施形態では一例として2台のA/R24で同時に打鋲することをいう。
A/R2は、Pos.2で打鋲する胴体パネル12が無いため、Pos.1に移動し、胴体パネル12_bの搬送方向下流側の3分の1を打鋲する。
このように、本第2実施形態に係る生産設備10によれば、複数のA/R24によって一つの胴体パネル12の打鋲を行わせるので、A/R24の稼働率が向上し、形状が異なる複数の胴体パネル12を連続して打鋲する場合でも、胴体パネル12を効率良く打鋲できる。
なお、第2実施形態に係る生産設備設計処理は、複数種類の胴体パネル12の搬送順と共に、他の作業エリア30に移動して胴体パネル12の打鋲を行うA/R24の台数(以下「協調台数」という。)を決定する。
ステップ310では、胴体パネル12の搬送順の全ての組み合わせについてA/Rシミュレーションが終了したか否かを判定し、肯定判定の場合はステップ312へ移行する。一方、否定判定の場合はステップ302へ移行し、それまでに設定した胴体パネル12の搬送順とは異なる搬送順を再設定し、A/Rシミュレーションを再び行う。
図18に示されるように、Takt9では、A/R3がPos.3において胴体パネルGを打鋲するが、A/Rシミュレーションにより算出された稼働時間は402分であり、実質の稼働時間(設定稼働時間)である377分を超過している。
図19に示されるように、胴体パネルG以外の胴体パネル12は、全て必要打鋲時間と実打鋲時間が一致し、残作業が0であるものの、胴体パネルGは25分の残作業が生じている。
12 胴体パネル(被加工物)
14 搬送経路
16 AGV(搬送装置)
24 A/R(加工装置)
30 作業エリア
32 制御装置
34 バッファエリア
Claims (8)
- 形状が異なる複数種類が混在する複数の被加工物を、予め定められた搬送経路で搬送する搬送装置と、
前記搬送経路を搬送される前記被加工物を加工する複数の加工装置と、
複数の前記加工装置毎に対応して前記搬送経路に予め設定され、前記被加工物を加工するために前記加工装置が作業可能な範囲を示す作業領域と、
自身に対応する前記作業領域において加工する前記被加工物がない前記加工装置を、隣接する他の前記作業領域に移動させて前記被加工物を加工する移動加工処理を行う制御装置と、
を備える生産設備。 - 前記作業領域に隣接して前記搬送経路に予め設定され、隣接する前記作業領域に対応する前記加工装置が移動して前記被加工物を加工する予備作業領域
を備え、
前記移動加工処理は、前記予備作業領域に隣接する前記作業領域で加工する前記被加工物がなく、かつ前記予備作業領域で加工する前記被加工物がある場合、前記予備作業領域に隣接する前記作業領域に対応する前記加工装置を前記予備作業領域に移動させて前記被加工物を加工する請求項1記載の生産設備。 - 前記予備作業領域は、前記作業領域間に設定される請求項2記載の生産設備。
- 前記移動加工処理は、前記作業領域に複数の前記加工装置による加工が可能な前記被加工物があり、かつ該作業領域に隣接する他の前記作業領域で加工する前記被加工物がない場合、他の前記作業領域に対応する前記加工装置を、隣接する前記作業領域に移動させて複数の前記加工装置で前記被加工物を加工する請求項1から請求項3の何れか1項記載の生産設備。
- 各前記加工装置が前記被加工物の加工に使用できる時間が設定時間とされ、
請求項1から請求項4の何れか1項記載の前記移動加工処理を実施した場合に、各前記加工装置の稼働時間が前記設定時間を超えないように、複数種類の前記被加工物の搬送順を決定する生産設備の設計方法。 - 一つ当たりの前記被加工物の平均加工時間を前記設定時間で除算することで、前記加工装置の最小台数を算出し、該最小台数に基づいて複数種類の前記被加工物の搬送順を決定する請求項5記載の生産設備の設計方法。
- 形状が異なる複数種類が混在する複数の被加工物を、予め定められた搬送経路で搬送する搬送装置と、前記搬送経路を搬送される前記被加工物を加工する複数の加工装置と、複数の前記加工装置毎に対応して前記搬送経路に予め設定され、前記被加工物を加工するために前記加工装置が作業可能な範囲を示す作業領域と、を備える生産設備の制御方法であって、
自身に対応する前記作業領域において加工する前記被加工物がない前記加工装置を、隣接する他の前記作業領域に移動させて前記被加工物を加工する移動加工処理を行う生産設備の制御方法。 - 請求項1から請求項4の何れか1項記載の生産設備によって被加工物を製造する製造方法。
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EP3272454A4 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
CA2983725A1 (en) | 2017-02-23 |
JP6563274B2 (ja) | 2019-08-21 |
CN107921591A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
EP3272454A1 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
US20180104778A1 (en) | 2018-04-19 |
CA2983725C (en) | 2020-11-10 |
JP2017039187A (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
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BR112017022995A2 (ja) | 2018-07-24 |
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