WO2016208654A1 - 積層体基板、導電性基板、積層体基板の製造方法、導電性基板の製造方法 - Google Patents
積層体基板、導電性基板、積層体基板の製造方法、導電性基板の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016208654A1 WO2016208654A1 PCT/JP2016/068608 JP2016068608W WO2016208654A1 WO 2016208654 A1 WO2016208654 A1 WO 2016208654A1 JP 2016068608 W JP2016068608 W JP 2016068608W WO 2016208654 A1 WO2016208654 A1 WO 2016208654A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
- C23C14/185—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates by cathodic sputtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0443—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single layer of sensing electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/08—Oxides
- C23C14/087—Oxides of copper or solid solutions thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
- G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
- G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
- G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
- G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
- G06F3/0446—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a grid-like structure of electrodes in at least two directions, e.g. using row and column electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/0274—Optical details, e.g. printed circuits comprising integral optical means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/06—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding the conductive material being removed chemically or electrolytically, e.g. by photo-etch process
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/14—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using spraying techniques to apply the conductive material, e.g. vapour evaporation
- H05K3/16—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using spraying techniques to apply the conductive material, e.g. vapour evaporation by cathodic sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F1/00—Etching metallic material by chemical means
- C23F1/02—Local etching
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04103—Manufacturing, i.e. details related to manufacturing processes specially suited for touch sensitive devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
- G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
- G06F2203/04112—Electrode mesh in capacitive digitiser: electrode for touch sensing is formed of a mesh of very fine, normally metallic, interconnected lines that are almost invisible to see. This provides a quite large but transparent electrode surface, without need for ITO or similar transparent conductive material
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to printed circuits covered by H05K1/00
- H05K2201/20—Details of printed circuits not provided for in H05K2201/01 - H05K2201/10
- H05K2201/2054—Light-reflecting surface, e.g. conductors, substrates, coatings, dielectrics
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits covered by H05K3/00
- H05K2203/08—Treatments involving gases
- H05K2203/085—Using vacuum or low pressure
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate substrate, a conductive substrate, a laminate substrate manufacturing method, and a conductive substrate manufacturing method.
- a transparent conductive film for a touch panel in which an ITO (indium tin oxide) film is formed as a transparent conductive film on the surface of a transparent base material such as a transparent polymer film has been conventionally used. It has been.
- a display with a touch panel has been increased in screen size, and in response to this, a conductive substrate such as a transparent conductive film for a touch panel is required to have a large area.
- ITO has a high electric resistance value, there is a problem that it cannot cope with an increase in the area of the conductive substrate.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 it is considered to use a metal wiring such as copper instead of the wiring of the ITO film.
- a metal wiring such as copper instead of the wiring of the ITO film.
- copper since copper has a metallic luster, there is a problem that the visibility of the display decreases due to reflection.
- the conductive substrate provided with the metal wiring on the transparent base material is obtained by etching the metal layer so as to obtain a desired wiring pattern after obtaining the laminate substrate in which the metal layer is formed on the surface of the transparent base material. It is obtained by forming a metal wiring.
- the conductive substrate having the blackened layer and the metal wiring on the transparent base material is obtained by obtaining a laminate substrate in which the blackened layer and the metal layer are laminated in that order on the surface of the transparent base material, and then the desired wiring. It is obtained by forming the metal wiring by etching the blackened layer and the metal layer so as to form a pattern.
- the blackened layer 2 patterned on the transparent substrate 1 and the metal wiring 3 patterned with the metal layer are stacked.
- the conductive substrate can be made.
- the etching rate of the blackened layer is significantly slower than that of the metal layer, as shown in FIG. 1B, the side surface of the metal wiring 3 that is a patterned metal layer is etched. Etching occurs. For this reason, the cross-sectional shape of the metal wiring 3 is likely to be a trapezoid with a wide base, and if the etching is performed until the electrical insulation between the metal wirings 3 is ensured, the wiring pitch width becomes too wide.
- the patterned black layer 2 having a width as shown in FIG. 1C (bottom width) W A width W of the metal wires 3
- a state smaller than B that is, so-called undercut occurs.
- Such undercuts are generated, depending on the degree, the width W B of a predetermined metal wiring 3, an adhesion width of the transparent substrate 1, a blackening layer 2 patterned bottom width W A
- the ratio of the contact width decreases more than necessary, there is a problem that sufficient wiring contact strength cannot be obtained.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a laminate substrate including a copper layer and a blackened layer that can be simultaneously etched.
- the present invention A transparent substrate; A laminate formed on at least one surface side of the transparent substrate, The laminate is A blackening layer containing oxygen, copper and nickel; A copper layer, Provided is a laminate substrate in which the proportion of nickel among the copper and nickel contained in the blackening layer is 11% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less.
- the laminate substrate of the present embodiment can include a transparent substrate and a laminate formed on at least one surface side of the transparent substrate.
- the laminate has a blackened layer containing oxygen, copper, and nickel, and a copper layer.
- the proportion of nickel is 11% by mass or more. It can be 60 mass% or less.
- substrate in this embodiment is a board
- the conductive substrate is a wiring substrate having a copper wiring layer or a blackened wiring layer patterned on the surface of a transparent base material to form a wiring.
- the transparent substrate is not particularly limited, and a polymer film that transmits visible light, a glass substrate, or the like can be preferably used.
- a resin film such as a polyamide film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, a polyethylene naphthalate film, a cycloolefin film, a polyimide film, or a polycarbonate film can be preferably used.
- the thickness of the transparent base material is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily selected according to the strength required when the conductive substrate is used, the light transmittance, and the like.
- the thickness of the transparent substrate can be, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more and 250 ⁇ m or less. In particular, when used for touch panel applications, it is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 200 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 120 ⁇ m or less. In the case of use for touch panel applications, for example, particularly in applications where it is required to reduce the thickness of the entire display, the thickness of the transparent substrate is preferably 20 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
- a laminated body is formed in the at least one surface side of a transparent base material, and can have a blackening layer and a copper layer.
- the copper layer is not particularly limited, but it is preferable not to dispose an adhesive between the copper layer and the transparent substrate or between the copper layer and the blackening layer in order not to reduce the light transmittance. That is, the copper layer is preferably formed directly on the upper surface of another member.
- a copper thin film layer may be formed using a dry plating method such as a sputtering method, an ion plating method, or a vapor deposition method, and the copper thin film layer may be used as a copper layer. it can.
- a copper thin film layer can be formed by a dry plating method on a transparent substrate or a blackened layer, and the copper plating layer can be formed by a wet plating method using the copper thin film layer as a power feeding layer.
- the copper layer has a copper thin film layer and a copper plating layer.
- the copper layer can be formed directly on the transparent substrate or the blackened layer without using an adhesive by forming the copper layer only by the dry plating method or by combining the dry plating method and the wet plating method as described above. preferable.
- the thickness of the copper layer is not particularly limited, and when the copper layer is used as a wiring, it can be arbitrarily selected according to the electrical resistance value, the wiring width, etc. of the wiring.
- the copper layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm or more, more preferably 60 nm or more, and even more preferably 150 nm or more so that electricity flows sufficiently.
- the upper limit value of the thickness of the copper layer is not particularly limited. However, when the copper layer is thick, side etching occurs because etching takes time when performing etching to form a wiring, and the resist peels off during the etching. Etc. are likely to occur.
- the thickness of a copper layer is 5000 nm or less, and it is more preferable that it is 3000 nm or less.
- the sum total of the thickness of a copper thin film layer and the thickness of a copper plating layer is the said range.
- the copper layer Since the copper layer has a metallic luster, the copper reflects light as described above only by forming a copper wiring layer that is a wiring obtained by etching the copper layer on a transparent substrate, and used as a wiring substrate for a touch panel, for example. In this case, there is a problem that the visibility of the display is lowered. Therefore, a method of providing a blackened layer has been studied, but the blackened layer may not have sufficient reactivity with the etching solution, and the copper layer and the blackened layer are simultaneously etched into a desired shape. It was difficult.
- the blackening layer disposed on the laminate substrate of the present embodiment contains oxygen, copper, and nickel.
- substrate of this embodiment has almost no difference with the reactivity with respect to the etching liquid of a copper layer, and etching property is also favorable. Therefore, in the multilayer substrate of this embodiment, the copper layer and the blackening layer containing oxygen, copper, and nickel can be etched simultaneously.
- the inventors of the present invention initially studied a method of forming a copper oxide layer obtained by oxidizing a part of the copper layer as a blackened layer capable of suppressing light reflection on the surface of the copper layer. And when a part of copper layer was oxidized and it was set as the blackening layer, it discovered that the non-stoichiometric copper oxide and the copper which are not oxidized may be contained in the blackening layer concerned.
- an etchant capable of etching the copper layer can be suitably used as the etchant.
- the blackened layer contains non-stoichiometric copper oxide, the copper layer tends to be eluted into an etchable solution.
- the blackened layer contains a non-stoichiometric copper oxide that easily elutes with respect to the etching solution
- the blackened layer is highly reactive with the etching solution, and compared with the copper layer, The etching rate is greatly increased. For this reason, when the copper layer and the blackened layer were simultaneously etched, the blackened layer was likely to be undercut.
- the blackening layer in order to suppress undercutting, can contain a nickel component that is difficult to dissolve in the etching solution in addition to oxygen and copper.
- the blackened layer of the laminate substrate of the present embodiment contains oxygen, copper, and nickel, so that the reactivity to the etching solution can be made equivalent to the copper layer, and the blackened layer and It becomes possible to simultaneously etch the copper layer.
- the ratio of nickel is not specifically limited among the copper and nickel contained in the blackened layer, the ratio of nickel is 11 mass% or more and 60 mass% or less among the copper and nickel contained in the blackened layer. Preferably there is.
- the ratio of nickel has shown the ratio when the sum total of content of copper and nickel in a blackening layer is 100 mass% as mentioned above.
- undercut is likely to occur when the ratio of nickel is less than 11% by mass of copper and nickel contained in the blackened layer. That is, the dissolution rate of the blackened layer in the etching solution is faster than that of the copper layer, and the blackened layer that can be etched simultaneously with the copper layer cannot be obtained.
- the proportion of nickel exceeds 60% by mass of copper and nickel contained in the blackened layer, nickel is excessive and etching of the blackened layer becomes difficult. That is, the rate of dissolution of the blackened layer in the etching solution is slower than that of the copper layer, and a blackened layer that can be etched simultaneously with the copper layer cannot be obtained.
- the wavelength of 400 nm or more of a laminated substrate and the conductive substrate formed from this laminated substrate is made into the mass ratio of 11 mass% or more and 60 mass% or less among copper and nickel contained in a blackening layer.
- the average regular reflectance of light of 700 nm or less can be made 55% or less. For this reason, even when the conductive substrate is used for applications such as a touch panel, a decrease in the visibility of the display can be suppressed.
- a blackened layer and a copper layer can be laminated on a transparent base material as will be described later, and a conductive substrate is obtained by patterning the blackened layer and the copper layer. Can do. And if the ratio of nickel exceeds 60 mass% among copper and nickel contained in the blackened layer, when the blackened layer or the copper layer is etched to form the opening, the removal by etching can be sufficiently performed. In some cases, the surface of the transparent substrate may appear yellow. For this reason, it is preferable that the ratio of nickel is 60 mass% or less among the copper and nickel contained in a blackening layer as mentioned above.
- the blackened layer can contain copper and nickel as metal species, and the metal species contained in the blackened layer can be composed only of copper and nickel, but are not limited to only copper and nickel. Absent.
- the blackened layer may further contain 1% by weight or less of inevitable impurities as a metal species.
- the blackening layer only needs to contain oxygen, copper, and nickel, and the state in which each component is contained is not particularly limited.
- at least a part of copper or nickel may be oxidized to form non-stoichiometric copper oxide or nickel oxide, which may be included in the blackened layer.
- the blackened layer of the laminate substrate of this embodiment contains nickel, even if the blackened layer contains non-stoichiometric copper oxide, the reactivity with the etching solution is almost the same as that of the copper layer. This is because the same can be applied. For this reason, in the laminated body board
- the amount of oxygen contained in the blackened layer is not particularly limited. However, the amount of oxygen contained in the blackened layer may affect the light reflectivity of the laminated substrate or a conductive substrate manufactured using the laminated substrate. For this reason, the oxygen content of the blackened layer depends on the degree of light reflectivity required in the laminated substrate and the conductive substrate manufactured using the laminated substrate, the color tone of the blackened layer, and the like. It is preferable to select the amount, and further, the amount of oxygen added when forming the blackening layer.
- the copper wiring layer and the blackened wiring layer of the conductive substrate obtained from the laminated board of the present embodiment maintain the characteristics of the copper layer and the blackened layer of the laminated board of the present embodiment, respectively.
- the method for forming the blackening layer disposed on the conductive substrate of the present embodiment is not particularly limited.
- the blackening layer is preferably formed by, for example, a dry film forming method such as a sputtering method.
- a copper-nickel alloy target When forming the blackening layer by a sputtering method, for example, a copper-nickel alloy target can be used while supplying oxygen gas in addition to an inert gas used as a sputtering gas in the chamber.
- the proportion of nickel in the copper-nickel alloy contained in the copper-nickel alloy is preferably 11% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less. This is included in the copper-nickel alloy of the ratio of nickel in the copper and nickel contained in the blackening layer to be formed and the target of the copper-nickel alloy used in forming the blackening layer. This is because the ratio of nickel to copper and nickel is the same.
- the method for adjusting the supply amount of oxygen gas supplied into the chamber is not particularly limited.
- a mixed gas in which an oxygen gas and an inert gas are mixed in advance so that the oxygen partial pressure becomes a desired partial pressure can also be used.
- the partial pressure of oxygen gas in the chamber can be adjusted by simultaneously supplying an inert gas and oxygen gas into the chamber and adjusting the supply amount of each gas. In particular, the latter is preferable because the partial pressure of each gas in the chamber can be adjusted as necessary.
- the inert gas for forming the blackening layer is not particularly limited.
- argon gas or xenon gas can be used, but argon gas can be preferably used.
- the blackening layer can also contain one or more components selected from hydrogen and carbon in addition to oxygen as components other than the metal component.
- the gas for forming the blackening layer may contain one or more kinds of gases selected from water vapor, carbon monoxide gas, and carbon dioxide gas, in addition to oxygen gas and inert gas. .
- the blackening layer is formed by sputtering while supplying the inert gas and the oxygen gas to the chamber, the ratio of the inert gas and the oxygen gas supplied into the chamber is limited. It is not a thing. It can be arbitrarily selected according to the reflectance of light required for the laminate substrate and the conductive substrate, the degree of color tone of the blackened layer, and the like.
- the thickness of the blackening layer formed in the laminate substrate of the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and can be arbitrarily selected according to, for example, the degree of suppressing the reflection of light on the copper layer surface.
- the lower limit of the thickness of the blackened layer is preferably 10 nm or more, and more preferably 15 nm or more.
- the upper limit is preferably 70 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less.
- the blackening layer functions as a layer that suppresses the reflection of light on the surface of the copper layer as described above.
- the thickness of the blackening layer is thin, the reflection of light by the copper layer may not be sufficiently suppressed.
- the thickness of the blackened layer is 10 nm or more, reflection of light on the surface of the copper layer can be more reliably suppressed.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the blackening layer is not particularly limited, but even if it is thicker than necessary, the time required for film formation and the time required for etching when forming the wiring are increased, resulting in an increase in cost. Will be invited.
- the thickness of the blackened layer is preferably 70 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less.
- the laminate substrate of the present embodiment can have a transparent base material and a laminate having a copper layer and a blackened layer.
- the order in which the copper layer and the blackened layer in the laminate are arranged on the transparent substrate and the number of the layers are not particularly limited. That is, for example, the copper layer and the blackened layer can be laminated in any order on at least one surface side of the transparent substrate. Further, a plurality of copper layers and / or blackening layers can be formed in the laminate.
- the blackened layer is placed on the surface of the copper layer where the light reflection is particularly desired to be suppressed in order to suppress the reflection of light on the copper layer surface. It is preferable that they are arranged.
- the laminated body includes a first blackened layer and a second blackened layer as the blackened layer. It is preferable that the copper layer is disposed between the first blackened layer and the second blackened layer.
- FIGS. 2A, 2B, 3A, and 3B show examples of cross-sectional views in a plane parallel to the lamination direction of the transparent base material, the copper layer, and the blackening layer of the laminate substrate of this embodiment.
- the copper layer 12 and the blackened layer 13 can be laminated one by one on the one surface 11a side of the transparent base material 11 one by one.
- the copper layers 12A and 12B and the black layers are formed on the one surface 11a side and the other surface (the other surface) 11b side of the transparent base material 11, respectively.
- the layers 13A and 13B can be stacked one by one in that order.
- the order in which the copper layer 12 (12A, 12B) and the blackening layer 13 (13A, 13B) are stacked is not limited to the example of FIGS. 2A and 2B, and the blackening layer is formed from the transparent substrate 11 side. 13 (13A, 13B) and copper layer 12 (12A, 12B) can be laminated in this order.
- the first blackened layer 131, the copper layer 12, and the second blackened layer 132 are formed on one surface 11a side of the transparent base material 11. They can be stacked in that order.
- the first blackening layer 131 and the second blackening layer 132 are provided as the blackening layer, and the copper layer 12 is interposed between the first blackening layer 131 and the second blackening layer 132. It is possible to more reliably suppress the reflection of light incident from the upper surface side and the lower surface side of the copper layer 12.
- a configuration in which a copper layer, a first blackened layer, and a second blackened layer are laminated on both surfaces of the transparent substrate 11 can be adopted.
- the first blackening layer is formed on one surface 11a side and the other surface (the other surface) 11b side of the transparent base material 11, respectively.
- 131A, 131B, copper layers 12A, 12B, and second blackening layers 132A, 132B can be stacked in that order.
- first blackened layer 131 (131A, 131B) and the second blackened layer 132 (132A, 132B) are both blackened layers containing oxygen, copper, and nickel. Can be manufactured by the same manufacturing method.
- the layers laminated on the upper and lower sides of the transparent substrate 11 are symmetrical with the transparent substrate 11 as a symmetry plane.
- the configuration on the one surface 11a side of the transparent substrate 11 is the same as the configuration in FIG.
- the copper layer 12A and the blackening layer 13A are stacked in that order
- the other surface (The other surface) 11b side is a layer in which the first blackened layer 131B, the copper layer 12B, and the second blackened layer 132B are stacked in that order, and the layers stacked on the top and bottom of the transparent substrate 11 are
- An asymmetric configuration may be used.
- the degree of light reflection of the laminate substrate of the present embodiment is not particularly limited.
- the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm is preferably 55% or less, and 40% or less. It is more preferable that it is 30% or less. This is because when the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less is 55% or less, for example, when the laminate substrate of this embodiment is used as a conductive substrate for a touch panel, the visibility of the display is reduced. It is because it can suppress especially.
- the regular reflectance of the laminate substrate can be measured by irradiating the blackened layer with light. That is, measurement can be performed by irradiating light from the blackened layer side of the copper layer and the blackened layer included in the laminate substrate. Specifically, for example, when the copper layer 12 and the blackened layer 13 are laminated in this order on one surface 11a of the transparent substrate 11 as shown in FIG. 2A, the blackened layer 13 is irradiated so that the blackened layer 13 can be irradiated with light. Can be measured by irradiating the surface A with light.
- the arrangement of the copper layer 12 and the blackened layer 13 is changed, and when the blackened layer 13 and the copper layer 12 are laminated in this order on one surface 11a of the transparent substrate 11, the blackened layer 13
- the regular reflectance can be measured by irradiating the blackened layer with light from the surface 11b side of the transparent substrate 11 so that the light can be irradiated.
- the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less means an average value of measurement results when the wavelength is changed within a range of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less.
- the width for changing the wavelength is not particularly limited. For example, it is preferable to measure the light in the wavelength range by changing the wavelength every 10 nm, and changing the wavelength every 1 nm to change the wavelength in the wavelength range. More preferably, the measurement is performed on light.
- the laminated substrate can be formed into a conductive substrate by forming a thin metal wire by wiring a copper layer and a blackened layer by etching.
- the regular reflectance of light on the conductive substrate means the regular reflectance on the light incident surface of the blackened layer disposed on the outermost surface when the transparent substrate is removed.
- the measured value in the portion where the copper layer and the blackened layer remain satisfies the above range if the conductive substrate is subjected to the etching treatment.
- the conductive substrate of the present embodiment can include a transparent base material and fine metal wires formed on at least one surface side of the transparent base material.
- the thin metal wire is a laminate including a blackened wiring layer containing oxygen, copper, and nickel, and a copper wiring layer, and among the copper and nickel contained in the blackened wiring layer, nickel The ratio can be 11 mass% or more and 60 mass% or less.
- the conductive substrate of this embodiment can be obtained, for example, by wiring the above-described laminated substrate. And in the electroconductive board
- the conductive substrate of this embodiment can be preferably used as a conductive substrate for a touch panel, for example.
- the conductive substrate can be configured to have a wiring pattern formed by providing openings in the copper layer and the blackened layer in the above-described laminate substrate. More preferably, it can be set as the structure provided with the mesh-shaped wiring pattern.
- a conductive substrate on which a wiring pattern having an opening is formed can be obtained by etching the copper layer and the blackening layer of the multilayer substrate described so far. And it can be set as the electroconductive board
- FIG. FIG. 4 shows a view of the conductive substrate 30 having a mesh-like wiring pattern as viewed from the upper surface side in the stacking direction of the copper wiring layer and the blackened wiring layer.
- the conductive substrate 30 shown in FIG. 4 includes a transparent substrate 11, a plurality of copper wiring layers 31B parallel to the X-axis direction in the drawing, and a copper wiring layer 31A parallel to the Y-axis direction.
- the copper wiring layers 31A and 31B can be formed by etching the above-described laminated substrate, and a blackened wiring layer (not shown) is formed on the upper and / or lower surfaces of the copper wiring layers 31A and 31B. Further, the blackened wiring layer is etched in substantially the same shape as the copper wiring layers 31A and 31B.
- the arrangement of the transparent substrate 11 and the copper wiring layers 31A and 31B is not particularly limited.
- positioning with the transparent base material 11 and a copper wiring layer is shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ of FIG.
- copper wiring layers 31 ⁇ / b> A and 31 ⁇ / b> B may be disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the transparent substrate 11, respectively.
- the first blackened wiring layer 321A etched in substantially the same shape as the copper wiring layers 31A and 31B. , 321B are arranged.
- second blackened wiring layers 322A and 322B are disposed on the surface of the copper wiring layers 31A and 31B opposite to the transparent substrate 11.
- the fine metal wires have the first blackened wiring layers 321A and 321B and the second blackened wiring layers 322A and 322B as the blackened wiring layers.
- the wiring layers 31A and 31B are arranged between the first blackened wiring layers 321A and 321B and the second blackened wiring layers 322A and 322B.
- the example which provided the 1st blackening wiring layer and the 2nd blackening wiring layer was shown here, it is not limited to the form which concerns.
- only one of the first blackened wiring layer and the second blackened wiring layer can be provided.
- the conductive substrate having the mesh-like wiring shown in FIG. 4 includes, for example, copper layers 12A, 12B and blackened layers 13A, 13B (131A, 132A, 131B on both sides of the transparent substrate 11 as shown in FIGS. 2B and 3B. 131B, 132B).
- the conductive substrate provided with the first blackened wiring layer and the second blackened wiring layer shown in FIG. 5 can be formed from the laminate substrate shown in FIG. 3B.
- the copper layer 12A, the first blackening layer 131A, and the second blackening layer 132A on the one surface 11a side of the transparent base material 11 are arranged in a plurality of linear patterns parallel to the Y-axis direction in FIG. 3B.
- the Y-axis direction in FIG. 3B indicates a direction perpendicular to the paper surface.
- the X-axis direction in FIG. 3B means a direction parallel to the width direction of each layer.
- the copper layer 12B, the first blackened layer 131B, and the second blackened layer 132B on the other surface 11b side of the transparent substrate 11 are arranged in a plurality of linear patterns parallel to the X-axis direction in FIG. 3B. Etching is performed so as to be arranged at predetermined intervals along the Y-axis direction.
- the conductive substrate having the mesh-like wiring shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 can be formed by the above operation. Note that the etching of both surfaces of the transparent substrate 11 can be performed simultaneously. That is, the etching of the copper layers 12A and 12B, the first blackened layers 131A and 131B, and the second blackened layers 132A and 132B may be performed simultaneously.
- the conductive substrate having the mesh-like wiring shown in FIG. 4 can be formed by using two stacked substrates shown in FIG. 2A or FIG. 3A.
- the case where the conductive substrate of FIG. 2A is used will be described as an example.
- the copper layer 12 and the blackened layer 13 are respectively formed in a plurality of linear shapes parallel to the X-axis direction. Etching is performed so that the patterns are arranged at predetermined intervals along the Y-axis direction.
- the conductive substrate having mesh-like wiring is obtained by bonding the two conductive substrates so that the linear patterns formed on the respective conductive substrates intersect with each other by the etching process. be able to.
- the surface to be bonded when the two conductive substrates are bonded is not particularly limited.
- the configuration shown in FIG. 5 can be obtained by bonding the surfaces 11b of the transparent base material 11 in FIG.
- the width of the fine metal wires and the distance between the fine metal wires in the conductive substrate having the mesh-like wiring shown in FIG. 4 are not particularly limited, and for example, according to the electrical resistance value required for the fine metal wires, etc. Can be selected.
- the following undercut amount ratio is in a predetermined range so that the transparent substrate and the fine metal wire have sufficient adhesion.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a conductive substrate in which a blackened wiring layer and a copper wiring layer are laminated in that order on the transparent base material 11 in a plane along the lamination direction of the blackened wiring layer and the copper wiring layer. ing. Note that FIG. 6 shows an example in which a thin metal wire is composed of one blackened wiring layer and one copper wiring layer.
- the pattern width of the layer in contact with the transparent substrate is It may be narrower than the pattern width of the layer formed on the layer in contact with the transparent substrate. That is, an undercut may occur.
- undercutting may occur when the etching rate of the blackened layer in contact with the transparent substrate is faster than the etching rate of the copper layer formed on the upper surface of the blackened layer.
- the width (W 2 ) of the blackened wiring layer 61 in contact with the transparent substrate 11 which is the bottom width of the fine metal wire is the black width where the pattern width of the fine metal wire is obtained. It becomes narrower than the width (W 1 ) of the copper wiring layer 62 formed on the patterned wiring layer 61.
- the undercut amount ratio is expressed by the equation (W 1 ⁇ W 2 ) / 2W 1 by the bottom width (W 2 ) of the fine metal wire and the pattern width (W 1 ) of the fine metal wire.
- the undercut amount ratio preferably has a relationship of (W 1 ⁇ W 2 ) / 2W 1 ⁇ 0.075. This is because the undercut amount ratio satisfies the above relationship, and it can be said that the blackened layer and the copper layer are simultaneously etched and patterned into a desired pattern. It is because it is preferable also from a viewpoint which raises.
- the conductive substrate of the present embodiment has a wiring pattern formed by wiring the above-described laminated substrate and providing openings in the copper layer and the blackened layer of the laminated substrate. For this reason, the opening part which exposes a transparent base material is provided between the metal fine wires contained in a wiring pattern.
- permeability of the light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm of a transparent base material is 3.0% or less. Is preferred.
- the average reduction rate of light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less of the opening is 3.0% from the average of transmittance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less of the transparent base material used for the laminate substrate. This is because when the content exceeds 50%, the transparent base material may appear yellow when visually observed.
- the reduction rate exceeds 3.0% because the etching rate of the blackened layer is slow when the blackened layer and the copper layer are etched, and the blackened layer and the copper layer cannot be etched simultaneously. For this reason, as described above, it is preferable that the proportion of nickel in copper and nickel contained in the blackened layer is 60% by mass or less.
- the degree of light reflection of the conductive substrate of the present embodiment is not particularly limited.
- the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm is preferably 55% or less. % Or less is more preferable, and it is further more preferable that it is 30% or less. This is because, when the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm or more and 700 nm or less is 55% or less, for example, when it is used as a conductive substrate for a touch panel, a reduction in display visibility can be particularly suppressed.
- the conductive substrate having a mesh-like wiring composed of the two-layer wiring of the present embodiment described so far can be preferably used as a conductive substrate for a projected capacitive touch panel, for example.
- Manufacturing method of laminate substrate, manufacturing method of conductive substrate Next, the structural example of the manufacturing method of the laminated body board
- substrate of this embodiment can have the following processes.
- the laminated body formation process which forms a laminated body in the at least one surface side of a transparent base material.
- the said laminated body formation process can include the following steps.
- the blackening layer forming step is preferably performed in a reduced pressure atmosphere. Moreover, it is preferable that the ratio of nickel is 11 mass% or more and 60 mass% or less among copper and nickel contained in a blackening layer.
- the manufacturing method of the multilayer substrate according to the present embodiment will be described, but the description thereof is omitted because the configuration can be the same as that of the above-described multilayer substrate except for the points described below.
- the order of lamination when the copper layer and the blackened layer are arranged on the transparent base material is not particularly limited. Further, a plurality of copper layers and blackening layers can be formed. For this reason, the order of performing the copper layer forming step and the blackened layer forming step and the number of times of performing are not particularly limited, and any number of times according to the structure of the laminate substrate to be formed, Can be implemented at the timing.
- the step of preparing the transparent base material is a step of preparing a transparent base material composed of, for example, a polymer film that transmits visible light or a glass substrate, and the specific operation is not particularly limited. For example, it can be cut into an arbitrary size as necessary for use in the subsequent steps and steps.
- transmits visible light is already stated, description is abbreviate
- a laminated body formation process is a process of forming a laminated body on the at least one surface side of a transparent base material, and has a copper layer formation step and a blackening layer formation step. For this reason, each step will be described below.
- the copper layer can be formed by a copper layer forming means for depositing copper on at least one surface side of the transparent substrate.
- the copper layer forming step it is preferable to form a copper thin film layer using a dry plating method. Moreover, when making a copper layer thicker, it is preferable to form a copper plating layer further using a wet plating method after forming a copper thin film layer by a dry plating method.
- the copper layer forming step can include a step of forming a copper thin film layer by, for example, a dry plating method.
- the copper layer forming step may include a step of forming a copper thin film layer by a dry plating method and a step of forming a copper plating layer by a wet plating method using the copper thin film layer as a power feeding layer. .
- the above copper layer film forming means is not limited to one film forming means, and a plurality of film forming means can be used in combination.
- the copper layer can be formed directly on the transparent substrate or the blackened layer without using an adhesive by forming the copper layer only by the dry plating method or by combining the dry plating method and the wet plating method as described above. preferable.
- the dry plating method is not particularly limited, but a sputtering method, an ion plating method, a vapor deposition method, or the like can be preferably used in a reduced pressure atmosphere.
- sputtering film forming means can be preferably used as the copper layer film forming means for depositing copper in the copper layer forming step.
- the copper thin film layer can be suitably formed using, for example, the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 shown in FIG.
- the process of forming a copper thin film layer will be described below using a roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus as an example.
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70.
- the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 includes a casing 71 that houses most of the components.
- the shape of the housing 71 is shown as a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the shape of the housing 71 is not particularly limited, and may be any shape depending on the device accommodated therein, the installation location, the pressure resistance performance, and the like. It can be.
- the shape of the housing 71 can be a cylindrical shape.
- the inside of the casing 71 can be depressurized to 1 Pa or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ 3 Pa or less, more preferably 10 ⁇ 4 Pa or less. More preferably, it can be done.
- the entire inside of the casing 71 can be reduced to the above pressure, and it can be configured such that only the lower region in the drawing where the can roll 73 (described later) where sputtering is performed can be reduced to the above pressure. .
- a winding roll 77 can be arranged.
- guide rolls 78a to 78h, a heater 79, and the like can be arbitrarily provided on the transport path of the base material on which the copper thin film layer is formed.
- the unwinding roll 72, the can roll 73, the front feed roll 75a, and the winding roll 77 can be provided with power by a servo motor.
- the unwinding roll 72 and the winding roll 77 are configured to maintain the tension balance of the base material on which the copper thin film layer is formed by torque control using a powder clutch or the like.
- the structure of the can roll 73 is not particularly limited, for example, the surface thereof is finished with hard chrome plating, and a coolant and a heating medium supplied from the outside of the casing 71 are circulated inside the can roll 73 so that the temperature can be adjusted to a constant temperature. It is preferable that it is comprised.
- the tension rolls 76a and 76b are preferably finished with hard chrome plating and provided with a tension sensor, for example.
- the front feed roll 75a, the rear feed roll 75b, and the guide rolls 78a to 78h are preferably finished with hard chrome plating.
- the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d are of a magnetron cathode type so as to face the can roll 73.
- the size of the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d is not particularly limited, but the dimension in the width direction of the substrate on which the copper thin film layer of the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d is formed is wider than the width of the substrate on which the opposing copper thin film layer is formed. It is preferable.
- the base material on which the copper thin film layer is formed is transported through a roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 which is a roll-to-roll vacuum film forming apparatus, and the copper thin film is formed by sputtering cathodes 74 a to 74 d facing the can roll 73. A layer is deposited.
- a copper target is mounted on the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d, and the inside of the casing 71 in which the base material for forming the copper thin film layer is set on the unwinding roll 72 is evacuated by the vacuum pumps 70a and 70b.
- an inert gas for example, a sputtering gas such as argon is introduced into the casing 71 by the gas supply means 81.
- the configuration of the gas supply unit 81 is not particularly limited, but can have a gas storage tank (not shown).
- mass flow controllers (MFC) 811a and 811b and valves 812a and 812b are provided for each gas type between the gas storage tank and the casing 71 so that the supply amount of each gas into the casing 71 can be controlled. Can be configured.
- FIG. 7 shows an example in which two sets of mass flow controllers and valves are provided, the number to be installed is not particularly limited, and the number to be installed can be selected according to the number of gas types to be used.
- the gas supply means 81 When the sputtering gas is supplied into the casing 71 by the gas supply means 81, the flow rate of the sputtering gas and the opening degree of the pressure adjustment valve 82 provided between the vacuum pump 70b and the casing 71 are adjusted. Then, it is preferable to carry out film formation while maintaining the inside of the apparatus at, for example, 0.13 Pa or more and 1.3 Pa or less.
- various members can be arranged in the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 as necessary.
- pressure gauges 83a and 83b for measuring the pressure in the casing 71 and vent valves 84a and 84b can be provided.
- a copper layer (copper plating layer) can be further formed using a wet plating method after dry plating.
- the copper thin film layer formed by the dry plating described above can be used as a power feeding layer.
- electroplating film forming means can be preferably used as the copper layer forming means for depositing copper in the copper layer forming step.
- the conditions in the step of forming the copper plating layer by the wet plating method using the copper thin film layer as the power feeding layer that is, the conditions of the electroplating treatment are not particularly limited, and various conditions according to ordinary methods may be adopted.
- a copper plating layer can be formed by supplying a base material on which a copper thin film layer is formed in a plating tank containing a copper plating solution and controlling the current density and the conveyance speed of the base material.
- the blackening layer forming step forms a blackening layer by a blackening layer forming means for forming a blackening layer containing oxygen, copper, and nickel on at least one surface side of the transparent substrate. It is a film forming step.
- the blackening layer film forming means for depositing the blackening layer containing oxygen, copper, and nickel in the blackening layer forming step is not particularly limited.
- the sputtering film forming means in a reduced-pressure atmosphere that is, A sputtering film forming method is preferred.
- the blackening layer can be suitably formed using, for example, the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 shown in FIG. Since the configuration of the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus has already been described, the description thereof is omitted here.
- a copper-nickel alloy target is mounted on the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d, and the inside of the casing 71 in which the base material for forming the blackening layer is set on the unwinding roll 72 is evacuated by the vacuum pumps 70a and 70b.
- an inert gas for example, a sputtering gas composed of argon and oxygen is introduced into the casing 71 by the gas supply means 81.
- the flow rate of the sputtering gas and the opening of the pressure adjustment valve 82 provided between the vacuum pump 70b and the housing 71 are adjusted to maintain the inside of the housing 71 at, for example, 0.13 Pa or more and 13 Pa or less. It is preferable to perform film formation.
- the inert gas and the oxygen gas premixed gases can be supplied into the casing 71.
- the inert gas and the oxygen gas are individually supplied to the casing 71, and each gas has a desired partial pressure in the casing 71.
- the supply amount and pressure can also be adjusted so that Further, the sputtering gas is not limited to a gas composed of an inert gas and oxygen as described above, and further includes one or more kinds of gases selected from water vapor, carbon monoxide gas, and carbon dioxide gas. May be included.
- the copper layer preferably has a thickness of 50 nm or more, more preferably 60 nm or more, as in the above-described laminate substrate. More preferably, it is 150 nm or more.
- the upper limit value of the thickness of the copper layer is not particularly limited, but the thickness of the copper layer is preferably 5000 nm or less, and more preferably 3000 nm or less.
- the sum total of the thickness of a copper thin film layer and the thickness of a copper plating layer is the said range.
- the thickness of the blackening layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 nm or more, for example, and more preferably 15 nm or more.
- the upper limit of the thickness of the blackening layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 70 nm or less, and more preferably 50 nm or less.
- the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm is preferably 55% or less, and preferably 40% or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 30% or less.
- a conductive substrate in which a wiring pattern having openings in copper layers and blackening layers is formed can be obtained. More preferably, the conductive substrate can be configured to include mesh-like wiring.
- the conductive substrate manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is obtained by etching the copper layer and the blackened layer of the multilayer substrate obtained by the above-described method for manufacturing the stacked substrate, and the copper wiring layer and the blackened wiring. And an etching process for forming a wiring pattern having a fine metal wire that is a laminate including a layer. And an opening part can be formed in a copper layer and a blackening layer by the etching process which concerns.
- a resist having an opening corresponding to a portion to be removed by etching is formed on the outermost surface of the multilayer substrate.
- a resist can be formed on the exposed surface A of the copper layer 12 disposed on the multilayer substrate.
- a method for forming a resist having an opening corresponding to a portion to be removed by etching is not particularly limited.
- the resist can be formed by a photolithography method.
- the copper layer 12 and the blackened layer 13 can be etched by supplying an etching solution from the upper surface of the resist.
- the copper layer and the blackened layer formed on both surfaces of the transparent substrate 11 may be etched simultaneously.
- the copper layer and the blackened layer formed on both sides of the transparent substrate 11 can be etched on one side. That is, for example, after the copper layer 12A and the blackened layer 13A are etched, the copper layer 12B and the blackened layer 13B can be etched.
- the blackened layer formed by the method for manufacturing a laminate substrate according to the present embodiment exhibits the same reactivity with the etching solution as the copper layer.
- the etching solution used in the etching step is not particularly limited, and an etching solution generally used for etching the copper layer can be preferably used.
- an aqueous solution used in the etching process for example, an aqueous solution containing one type selected from sulfuric acid, hydrogen peroxide solution, hydrochloric acid, cupric chloride, and ferric chloride, or two or more types selected from the above sulfuric acid, etc.
- a mixed aqueous solution containing can be more preferably used.
- the content of each component in the etching solution is not particularly limited.
- the etching solution can be used at room temperature, it is preferably heated to increase the reactivity. For example, it is preferably heated to 40 ° C. or more and 50 ° C. or less.
- the two laminated substrates having a copper layer and a blackened layer on one surface side of the transparent base material 11 are subjected to an etching process to form a conductive substrate.
- a step of bonding the conductive substrate can be further provided.
- a method for bonding the two conductive substrates is not particularly limited, and the bonding can be performed using, for example, an optical adhesive (OCA) or the like.
- the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm is preferably 55% or less, and preferably 40% or less. More preferably, it is more preferably 30% or less.
- substrate were demonstrated.
- the copper layer and the blackened layer exhibit substantially the same reactivity with the etching solution.
- substrate provided with the copper layer and blackening layer which can perform an etching process simultaneously can be provided.
- the copper wiring layer and blackening wiring layer of a desired shape can be formed easily.
- the blackened wiring layer by providing the blackened wiring layer, reflection of light by the copper wiring layer can be suppressed. For example, when a conductive substrate for a touch panel is used, a decrease in visibility can be suppressed. For this reason, it can be set as the electroconductive board
- the measurement was performed by installing a reflectance measurement unit in an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, model: UV-2550).
- a laminate substrate having the structure of FIG. 3A was produced, and the reflectance was measured with respect to the surface C exposed to the outside of the second blackening layer 132 in FIG. It was carried out by irradiating with light in a wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm at 5 °.
- the light irradiated to the laminate substrate is subjected to regular reflectance measurement with respect to light of each wavelength by changing the wavelength every 1 nm within a wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm, and the average of the measurement results is calculated as the conductivity.
- the average of the regular reflectance of the substrate was used.
- the measurement was performed by installing an integrating sphere attachment device on the ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer when measuring the regular reflectance.
- the irradiated light is measured for the transmittance of each wavelength light by changing the wavelength every 1 nm within the wavelength range of 400 nm to 700 nm, and the average of the measurement results is the total light of the opening of the conductive substrate.
- the average transmittance was used.
- the average of the total light transmittance was measured in the same manner for the transparent base material used when the laminate substrate was manufactured in advance.
- Example preparation conditions As examples and comparative examples, laminate substrates and conductive substrates were produced under the conditions described below, and evaluation was performed by the above-described evaluation method. [Example 1] A laminate substrate having the structure shown in FIG. 3A was produced.
- a transparent substrate made of optical polyethylene terephthalate resin (PET) having a width of 500 mm and a thickness of 100 ⁇ m was prepared.
- a first blackened layer forming step As the laminate forming process, a first blackened layer forming step, a copper layer forming step, and a second blackened layer forming step were performed. This will be specifically described below.
- the first blackening layer forming step was performed.
- the prepared transparent substrate was set in the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 shown in FIG. Further, a copper-11 mass% Ni alloy target (manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.) was mounted on the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d.
- the heater 79 of the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70 was heated to 100 ° C., the transparent base material was heated, and water contained in the base material was removed.
- the gas supply means 81 causes the argon gas flow rate to be 240 sccm and the oxygen gas flow rate to be 40 sccm.
- Oxygen gas was introduced into the casing 71.
- power is supplied from the direct current power source for sputtering connected to the sputtering cathodes 74a to 74d, and sputtering discharge is performed to form a desired material on the base material.
- the first blackening layer was continuously formed. With this operation, the first blackened layer 131 was formed on the transparent substrate so as to have a thickness of 20 nm.
- the target to be attached to the sputtering cathode is changed to a copper target (manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.), the inside of the casing 71 is evacuated, and then argon is put into the casing 71 of the roll-to-roll sputtering apparatus 70.
- a copper layer having a thickness of 200 nm was formed on the top surface of the first blackened layer in the same manner as in the case of the first blackened layer except that only gas was introduced.
- the base material which formed the 1st blackening layer on the transparent base material at the 1st blackening layer formation process was used.
- the second blackening layer 132 was formed on the upper surface of the copper layer 12 under the same conditions as the first blackening layer 131 (see FIG. 3A).
- the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm of the produced laminate substrate was measured by the above-described procedure, and the average regular reflectance of light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 700 nm was 55%.
- etching step first, a resist having an opening corresponding to a portion to be removed by etching was formed on the surface C in FIG. 3A of the manufactured laminate substrate. Then, the substrate was immersed for 1 minute in an etching solution consisting of 10% by weight of ferric chloride, 10% by weight of hydrochloric acid, and the balance water.
- the undercut amount ratio of the fine metal wire and the total light transmittance of the opening were measured.
- Example 2 to Example 7 A laminated substrate in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the sputtering target and the supply amount of oxygen used when forming the first and second blackening layers were changed as shown in Table 1. Were prepared and evaluated.
- a conductive substrate was produced from the produced laminate substrate in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated.
- a conductive substrate was produced from the produced laminate substrate in the same manner as in Example 1 and evaluated.
- the undercut amount ratio of the fine metal wire was 0.075 or less, and the reduction rate of the total light transmittance of the opening was 3.0% or less. It was. That is, the copper layer and the first and second blackening layers could be etched simultaneously.
- the ratio of nickel is 11% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less among the copper and nickel contained in the sputtering target used when the first and second blackening layers are formed, and the formed black This is considered to be because the composition was similar in the formation layer. That is, it is considered that the reactivity of the blackened layer with respect to the etching solution can be made equal to that of the copper layer.
- Example 7 there was no undercut. That is, the undercut amount ratio is 0 or less.
- Comparative Example 1 it was confirmed that the undercut amount ratio of the fine metal wire was 0.10, greatly exceeding 0.075, and the etching rate of the blackened layer was faster than that of the copper layer. did it.
- Comparative Example 2 the reduction rate of the total light transmittance of the opening exceeded 3.0%, and it was confirmed that the etching rate of the blackened layer was slower than that of the copper layer.
- the copper and nickel contained in the sputtering target used to form the first and second blackening layers have a nickel content of less than 11% by mass or more than 60% by mass. This is probably because the blackened layer had the same composition.
- the laminated body substrate, the conductive substrate, the manufacturing method of the laminated body substrate, and the manufacturing method of the conductive substrate have been described in the above embodiments and examples, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and examples. Various modifications and changes are possible within the scope of the gist of the present invention described in the claims.
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Abstract
Description
透明基材と、
前記透明基材の少なくとも一方の面側に形成された積層体とを備え、
前記積層体が、
酸素と、銅と、ニッケルとを含有する黒化層と、
銅層とを有し、
前記黒化層に含まれる前記銅、及び前記ニッケルのうち、前記ニッケルの割合が11質量%以上60質量%以下である積層体基板を提供する。
(積層体基板、導電性基板)
本実施形態の積層体基板は、透明基材と、透明基材の少なくとも一方の面側に形成された積層体とを備えることができる。そして、積層体が、酸素と、銅と、ニッケルとを含有する黒化層と、銅層とを有し、黒化層に含まれる銅、及びニッケルのうち、ニッケルの割合を11質量%以上60質量%以下とすることができる。
(積層体基板の製造方法、導電性基板の製造方法)
次に本実施形態の積層体基板の製造方法の構成例について説明する。
透明基材を準備する透明基材準備工程。
透明基材の少なくとも一方の面側に積層体を形成する積層体形成工程。
そして、上記積層体形成工程は以下のステップを含むことができる。
銅を堆積する銅層成膜手段により銅層を形成する銅層形成ステップ。
酸素と、銅と、ニッケルとを含有する黒化層を堆積する黒化層成膜手段により黒化層を成膜する黒化層形成ステップ。
(評価方法)
(1)正反射率
以下の各実施例、比較例において作製した導電性基板について正反射率の測定を行った。
(2)金属細線のアンダーカット量比率
アンダーカット量比率は、各実施例、比較例で作製した導電性基板の配線の断面をSEMで観察し、金属細線のパターン幅W1及び金属細線の底部幅W2を求めて算出した。なお、金属細線のパターン幅W1、金属細線の底部幅W2については図6を用いて既に説明した通りである。
(3)開口部の全光線透過率の減少率
各実施例、比較例で作製した導電性基板の透明基材を露出する金属細線間の開口部について、全光線透過率の測定を行った。
(試料の作製条件)
実施例、比較例として、以下に説明する条件で積層体基板、及び導電性基板を作製し、上述の評価方法により評価を行った。
[実施例1]
図3Aに示した構造を有する積層体基板を作製した。
[実施例2~実施例7]
第1、第2の黒化層を成膜する際に用いたスパッタリングターゲットの組成、及び酸素の供給量を表1に示したように変更した点以外は実施例1と同様にして積層体基板を作製し、評価を行った。
[比較例1、比較例2]
第1、第2の黒化層を成膜する際に用いたスパッタリングターゲットの組成を表1に示したように変更した点以外は実施例1と同様にして積層体基板を作製し、評価を行った。
表1に示した結果によると、実施例1~実施例7については、金属細線のアンダーカット量比率が0.075以下、開口部の全光線透過率の減少率が3.0%以下となった。すなわち、銅層と、第1、第2の黒化層を同時にエッチングすることができた。
11 透明基材
12、12A、12B 銅層
13、13A、13B、131、132、131A、131B、132A、132B 黒化層
30 導電性基板
31A、31B、62 銅配線層
321A、321B、322A、322B、61 黒化配線層
Claims (12)
- 透明基材と、
前記透明基材の少なくとも一方の面側に形成された積層体とを備え、
前記積層体が、
酸素と、銅と、ニッケルとを含有する黒化層と、
銅層とを有し、
前記黒化層に含まれる前記銅、及び前記ニッケルのうち、前記ニッケルの割合が11質量%以上60質量%以下である積層体基板。 - 前記積層体は、前記黒化層として、第1の黒化層及び第2の黒化層を有し、
前記銅層は、前記第1の黒化層と、前記第2の黒化層との間に配置された請求項1に記載の積層体基板。 - 波長400nm以上700nm以下の光の正反射率の平均が55%以下である請求項1または2に記載の積層体基板。
- 透明基材と、
前記透明基材の少なくとも一方の面側に形成された金属細線とを備え、
前記金属細線が、
酸素と、銅と、ニッケルとを含有する黒化配線層と、
銅配線層とを備えた積層体であり、
前記黒化配線層に含まれる前記銅、及び前記ニッケルのうち、前記ニッケルの割合が11質量%以上60質量%以下である導電性基板。 - 前記金属細線は、前記黒化配線層として、第1の黒化配線層及び第2の黒化配線層の2つの層を有し、
前記銅配線層は、前記第1の黒化配線層と、前記第2の黒化配線層との間に配置された請求項4に記載の導電性基板。 - 前記金属細線の底部幅(W2)と、前記金属細線のパターン幅(W1)とが、(1)式の関係を有する請求項4または5に記載の導電性基板。
(W1-W2)/2W1≦0.075 - 前記金属細線間には前記透明基材を露出する開口部が設けられており、
前記開口部の波長400nm以上700nm以下の光の透過率の平均の、前記透明基材の波長400nm以上700nm以下の光の透過率の平均からの減少率が、3.0%以下である請求項4または5に記載の導電性基板。 - 透明基材を準備する透明基材準備工程と、
前記透明基材の少なくとも一方の面側に積層体を形成する積層体形成工程とを有し、
前記積層体形成工程は、
銅を堆積する銅層成膜手段により銅層を形成する銅層形成ステップと、
酸素と、銅と、ニッケルと含有する黒化層を堆積する黒化層成膜手段により黒化層を成膜する黒化層形成ステップと、を含み、
前記黒化層形成ステップは減圧雰囲気下において実施し、前記黒化層に含まれる前記銅、及び前記ニッケルのうち、前記ニッケルの割合が11質量%以上60質量%以下である積層体基板の製造方法。 - 前記黒化層成膜手段がスパッタリング成膜法である請求項8に記載の積層体基板の製造方法。
- 前記黒化層は厚さが10nm以上である請求項8または9に記載の積層体基板の製造方法。
- 請求項8または9に記載の積層体基板の製造方法により得られた積層体基板の前記銅層と、前記黒化層とをエッチングし、銅配線層と、黒化配線層とを備えた積層体である金属細線を有する配線パターンを形成するエッチング工程を有し、
前記エッチング工程により、前記銅層及び前記黒化層に開口部を形成する導電性基板の製造方法。 - 得られる導電性基板の波長400nm以上700nm以下の光の正反射率の平均が55%以下である請求項11に記載の導電性基板の製造方法。
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