WO2016159359A1 - ハイブリッドキャパシタ及びハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ - Google Patents
ハイブリッドキャパシタ及びハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016159359A1 WO2016159359A1 PCT/JP2016/060947 JP2016060947W WO2016159359A1 WO 2016159359 A1 WO2016159359 A1 WO 2016159359A1 JP 2016060947 W JP2016060947 W JP 2016060947W WO 2016159359 A1 WO2016159359 A1 WO 2016159359A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- lithium compound
- hybrid capacitor
- separator
- positive electrode
- active material
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 150000002642 lithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 40
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 33
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 10
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229940021013 electrolyte solution Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003273 ketjen black Substances 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 102100028667 C-type lectin domain family 4 member A Human genes 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101000766908 Homo sapiens C-type lectin domain family 4 member A Proteins 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018119 Li 3 PO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010093 LiAlO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010586 LiFeO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013641 LiNbO 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910013290 LiNiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910012573 LiSiO Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001994 activation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006231 channel black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920003244 diene elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007606 doctor blade method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-valerolactone Chemical compound CC1CCC(=O)O1 GAEKPEKOJKCEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920013716 polyethylene resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005672 polyolefin resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonyldimethane Chemical compound CS(C)(=O)=O HHVIBTZHLRERCL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-butylene carbonate Chemical compound CCC1COC(=O)O1 ZZXUZKXVROWEIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIHOUJYFWMURBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethyl-1-methylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CC[N+]1(C)CCCC1 NIHOUJYFWMURBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBJCDTIWNDBNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylethane Chemical compound CCS(C)(=O)=O YBJCDTIWNDBNTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQKOVLZJPVVLOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-o-tert-butyl 3-o-ethyl piperazine-1,3-dicarboxylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1CN(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCN1 IQKOVLZJPVVLOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOARFWDBTJVWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-difluoroethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC(F)F QOARFWDBTJVWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGYAVZGBAJFMIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylhex-2-ene Chemical compound CCCC(C)=C(C)C RGYAVZGBAJFMIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCCS1(=O)=O PPDFQRAASCRJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKZFQPGIDVGTLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1COC(=O)O1 GKZFQPGIDVGTLZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NZSICTQUKULOSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-azoniaspiro[4.4]nonane Chemical compound C1CCC[N+]21CCCC2 NZSICTQUKULOSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910016467 AlCl 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017008 AsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910014033 C-OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910014570 C—OH Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910013684 LiClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013528 LiN(SO2 CF3)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013385 LiN(SO2C2F5)2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013872 LiPF Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101150058243 Lipf gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC RJUFJBKOKNCXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000907 Musa textilis Species 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910018286 SbF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002978 Vinylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl ethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCC DISYGAAFCMVRKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWBMVXOCTXTBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OC FWBMVXOCTXTBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CCCCOC(=O)C=C QHIWVLPBUQWDMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)OCCCC QLVWOKQMDLQXNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAEWCWCMYQAIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl methyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OC)OCC UAEWCWCMYQAIDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)OC(C)C JMPVESVJOFYWTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCCC VUPKGFBOKBGHFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- JQVXMIPNQMYRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl dimethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OC)OC JQVXMIPNQMYRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AEHVMUMGWLAZNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC(C)C AEHVMUMGWLAZNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OCC CYEDOLFRAIXARV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003709 fluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002655 kraft paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium oxide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-2] FUJCRWPEOMXPAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001947 lithium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- GBPVMEKUJUKTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OCC(F)(F)F GBPVMEKUJUKTBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propan-2-yl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC(C)C RCIJMMSZBQEWKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl propyl carbonate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)OC KKQAVHGECIBFRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002116 nanohorn Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006864 oxidative decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L oxygen(2-);titanium(4+);sulfate Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DCKVFVYPWDKYDN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000128 polypyrrole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006012 semi-aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009469 supplementation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanic acid Chemical compound O[Ti](O)(O)O LLZRNZOLAXHGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000348 titanium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(methyl)azanium Chemical compound CC[N+](C)(CC)CC SEACXNRNJAXIBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/08—Structural combinations, e.g. assembly or connection, of hybrid or EDL capacitors with other electric components, at least one hybrid or EDL capacitor being the main component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/50—Electrodes characterised by their material specially adapted for lithium-ion capacitors, e.g. for lithium-doping or for intercalation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/52—Separators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/54—Electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hybrid capacitor using a material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions for a negative electrode and a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity for a positive electrode, and a hybrid capacitor separator. .
- an electrode using, for example, lithium titanate is used as a lithium storage and release active material for a negative electrode.
- activated carbon is used as the positive electrode material as a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a hybrid capacitor having excellent long-term stability, and a hybrid capacitor separator having excellent long-term stability of the hybrid capacitor.
- the present inventors have found that the long-term stability of the hybrid capacitor is lowered due to protons generated during the driving of the hybrid capacitor. And the knowledge that long-term stability becomes favorable by capturing the generated proton was obtained, and the present invention was completed based on this knowledge.
- the hybrid capacitor of the present invention includes a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material layer including a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity, and a negative electrode active material including a material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions.
- a lithium compound that captures protons is interposed between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer.
- the separator may further include a separator disposed between the positive electrode active material layer and the negative electrode active material layer, and the separator may contain the lithium compound.
- a separator for a hybrid capacitor containing this lithium compound is also an embodiment of the present invention.
- the lithium compound may be disposed in the vicinity of the positive electrode active material layer.
- the lithium compound may have a capacity of 10 mAh / g or less.
- the lithium compound may be Li 2 TiO 3 .
- the specific surface area of the Li 2 TiO 3 may be 100 m 2 / g or less.
- the weight ratio per unit area of the lithium compound to the carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having the electric double layer capacity may be 1: 0.1 to 1: 1.
- Electrolyte solution which lithium salt contains by the molar concentration of 1.8M or more as electrolyte.
- a hybrid capacitor having excellent long-term stability can be provided.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a hybrid capacitor.
- the hybrid capacitor of this embodiment includes a positive electrode 1, a negative electrode 2, a separator 3, and a lithium compound layer 4.
- the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 are arranged so as to face each other with the separator 3 and the lithium compound layer 4 interposed therebetween in an electrolyte solution (not shown) to form a hybrid capacitor cell.
- the positive electrode 1 is an electrode having a positive electrode active material layer 1a containing a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity, and a current collector 1b that supports the positive electrode active material layer 1a.
- the positive electrode 1 is formed, for example, by bonding a sheet-like positive electrode active material layer 1a to a current collector 1b.
- the positive electrode active material layer 1a is formed, for example, by mixing a binder with a mixture of a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity and a conductive agent, kneading, and then forming into a sheet shape. Can do.
- a positive electrode active material is obtained by applying a mixture of a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity, a conductive agent powder, and a binder onto the current collector 1b by a doctor blade method or the like and drying.
- the material layer 1a may be formed.
- the positive electrode active material layer 1a can also be formed by shaping the obtained dispersion into a predetermined shape and pressing it on the current collector 1b.
- the carbon material having a porous structure may be natural plant tissue such as coconut palm, synthesis of phenol, etc.
- Activated carbon derived from fossil fuels such as resin, coal, coke and pitch, carbon black such as ketjen black (KB), acetylene black, channel black, carbon nanohorn, amorphous carbon, natural graphite, artificial Examples thereof include graphite, graphitized ketjen black, and mesoporous carbon.
- a porous treatment such as an activation treatment or an opening treatment.
- Examples of the carbon material having a fibrous structure include fibrous carbon such as carbon nanotubes (hereinafter referred to as CNT) and carbon nanofibers (hereinafter referred to as CNF).
- this fibrous carbon may perform the opening process and activation process which make a hole in the front-end
- a carbon material having a porous structure or a carbon material having a fibrous structure is used alone as a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having this electric double layer capacity. It may also be used as a mixture.
- the negative electrode 2 is an electrode having a negative electrode active material layer 2a containing a material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and a current collector 2b that supports the negative electrode active material layer 2a.
- the negative electrode 2 is formed, for example, by bonding a sheet-like negative electrode active material layer 2a to a current collector 2b.
- the negative electrode active material layer 2a can be formed by mixing a material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions and, if necessary, a conductive agent and a binder, kneading, and forming into a sheet shape.
- the negative electrode active material layer 2a may be formed by applying a mixed liquid obtained by adding an appropriate amount of solvent to these materials onto the current collector 2b by a doctor blade method or the like and drying.
- Examples of materials capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions include carbon materials such as artificial graphite, natural graphite, and hard carbon, conductive polymers such as polyacene, polyacetylene, polyphenylene, polyaniline, and polypyrrole, and lithium metals such as silicon, tin, and aluminum.
- An alloy material that forms an alloy, lithium oxide such as lithium titanate, and lithium metal can be used. These may use only 1 type and may use 2 or more types together. Further, lithium ions may be doped in advance in these carbon materials or alloy materials that form an alloy with lithium metal.
- the lithium titanate when lithium titanate is included in the negative electrode active material layer 2a as a material capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, the lithium titanate can be obtained by mixing and baking a titanium source and a lithium source.
- the titanium source include titanium dioxide, titanium hydroxide, titanium alkoxide, titanium chloride, titanium sulfate, and the like.
- the lithium source include lithium acetate, lithium nitrate, lithium carbonate, and lithium hydroxide.
- lithium titanate particles obtained by mixing and baking titanium dioxide and lithium carbonate at a predetermined ratio can be used.
- an aqueous solution containing a lithium source and a titanium source may be treated by spray drying or the like to evaporate the solvent, and the resulting mixture may be fired.
- the lithium titanate obtained by these methods can be nano-sized by pulverization or the like.
- the pulverization may be wet pulverization or dry pulverization.
- Examples of the pulverizer include a lykai device, a ball mill, a bead mill, a rod mill, a roller mill, a stirring mill, a planetary mill, a hybridizer, a mechanochemical compounding device, and a jet mill.
- conductive materials such as aluminum, copper, iron, nickel, titanium, steel, and carbon can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use aluminum and copper. This is because it has high thermal conductivity and electronic conductivity.
- shape of the current collector any shape such as a film shape, a foil shape, a plate shape, a net shape, an expanded metal shape, and a cylindrical shape can be adopted.
- binder examples of the binder used in the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 include rubbers such as fluorine rubber, diene rubber, and styrene rubber, fluorine-containing polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, carboxymethyl cellulose, nitrocellulose, and the like.
- Other examples include cellulose, other resins, polyolefin resins, polyimide resins, acrylic resins, nitrile resins, polyester resins, phenol resins, polyvinyl acetate resins, polyvinyl alcohol resins, and epoxy resins. These binders may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- Examples of the conductive agent used in the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 include carbon black such as ketjen black, acetylene black, and channel black, fullerene, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, amorphous carbon, carbon fiber, natural graphite, artificial graphite, Conductive carbon powders such as graphitized ketjen black and mesoporous carbon can be used. Also, vapor grown carbon fiber can be used. These carbon powders may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a lithium compound that captures protons is interposed between the positive electrode active material layer 1a and the negative electrode active material layer 2a.
- the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 are disposed to face each other with the separator 3 and the lithium compound layer 4 interposed therebetween.
- the lithium compound layer 4 containing a lithium compound is provided on the separator 3 will be described.
- the lithium compound is formed on the separator 3 as the lithium compound layer 4 because the lithium compound can be reliably interposed between the positive electrode active material layer 1a and the negative electrode active material layer 2a, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Absent. That is, the lithium compound may be mixed in the separator 3 or coated on the positive electrode active material layer 1 a of the positive electrode 1. Moreover, it may be coated on the negative electrode active material layer 2a of the negative electrode 2. It can also be set as the structure which disperse
- the mode in which the lithium compound is interposed between the positive electrode active material layer 1a and the negative electrode active material layer 2a includes the case where the lithium compound is contained inside the positive electrode active material layer 1a or the negative electrode active material layer 2a.
- a carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity and a lithium compound can be mixed.
- (Separator) Separator 3 serving as a base material includes cellulose such as kraft, manila hemp, esparto, hemp, rayon, and mixed paper thereof, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and derivatives thereof, polytetrafluoro Polyethylene resins such as ethylene resins, polyvinylidene fluoride resins, vinylon resins, aliphatic polyamides, semi-aromatic polyamides, wholly aromatic polyamides, polyimide resins, polyethylene resins, polypropylene resins, trimethylpentene resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins And acrylic resins, and these resins can be used alone or in combination.
- polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, and derivatives thereof
- polytetrafluoro Polyethylene resins such as ethylene resins, polyvinyliden
- the lithium compound layer 4 can be formed by applying a slurry prepared by mixing a lithium compound, a solvent, a binder, and the like to the separator 3 using a coater, and removing the solvent by drying.
- the lithium compound layer 4 may be formed on either side of the separator 3, but is preferably formed near the positive electrode active material layer 1a. Specifically, when the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 are disposed via the separator 3, the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 may be formed on the surface facing the positive electrode 1.
- the lithium compound layer 4 may be formed not only on one side of the separator 3 but also on both sides.
- Lithium compounds include Li 2 TiO 3 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LiNiO 2 , LiSiO 3 , LiAlO 2 , LiFeO 2 , LiNbO 3 , Li 2 ZrO 3 , Li 2 WO 4 , LiTaO 3 , Li 3 PO 4, etc. Can be used.
- lithium titanate Li 2 TiO 3 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12
- LiNiO 2 , LiSiO 3 LiAlO 2 , LiFeO 2 , LiNbO 3 , Li 2 ZrO 3 , Li 2 WO 4 , LiTaO 3 , Li 3 PO 4, etc.
- the lithium compound is preferably an insulating material having a capacity of 10 mAh / g or less. This is because when the capacity of the lithium compound exceeds 10 mAh / g, effects such as an increase in leakage current appear.
- the specific surface area of Li 2 TiO 3 is preferably not more than 100 m 2 / g.
- the specific surface area of the lithium compound is preferably 100 m 2 / g or less because generation of hydrogen gas can be suppressed. More preferably, when the specific surface area is 50 m 2 / g or less, the amount of hydrogen gas generated is suppressed well.
- the size of the specific surface area of the lithium compound can be adjusted by the particle size of the lithium compound. For example, if the lithium compound particles are made smaller, the specific surface area becomes larger. However, if the particles are made too small, the amount of water adhering between the lithium compound particles increases more than the lithium compound captures protons, so that a suitable hydrogen gas suppression effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, the specific surface area of the lithium compound is preferably 100 m 2 / g or less, particularly 50 m 2 / g or less.
- the weight ratio per unit area of the lithium compound to the carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity contained in the positive electrode active material layer 1a is 1: 0.1 to 1: 1. It is preferable that When the coating amount of the lithium compound is within this range, hydrogen gas is suitably suppressed and cycle characteristics are also improved. As the weight ratio of the lithium compound increases, the generation of hydrogen gas is more easily suppressed. However, when the weight ratio exceeds 1, the capacity per volume of the capacitor cell decreases. Moreover, when the weight ratio is less than 0.1, it is difficult to suppress the generation of hydrogen gas. Accordingly, a preferable weight ratio is 1: 0.1 to 1: 1. Considering both the amount of the lithium compound to be applied and the resulting hydrogen gas suppression effect, 1: 0.1 to 1: 0.5 is preferable. The coating amount can be adjusted by, for example, the thickness to which the lithium compound is applied.
- the binder examples include rubbers such as fluorine rubber, diene rubber, and styrene rubber, fluorine-containing polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride, cellulose such as carboxymethyl cellulose and nitrocellulose, and other polyolefin resins.
- a salt that generates lithium ions that is, a lithium salt
- the lithium salt may be added to the solvent at a molar concentration of 1.8 M or more as an electrolyte. This is because, when the lithium salt is added at a molar concentration of 1.8 M or more, the capacity deterioration and the increase in DC resistance accompanying the charge / discharge cycle of the hybrid capacitor are suppressed.
- the lithium salt LiPF 6, LiBF 4, LiClO 4, LiN (SO 2 CF 3) 2, LiN (SO 2 C 2 F 5) 2, CF 3 SO 3 L i, LiC (SO 2 CF 3) 3, And LiPF 3 (C 2 F 5 ) 3 , or mixtures thereof.
- Examples of the quaternary ammonium salt used in the electrolyte include tetraethylammonium, triethylmethylammonium, methylethylpyrrolidinium, spirobipyrrolidinium, and the like as cations.
- Examples of anions include BF 4 ⁇ , PF 6 ⁇ , And ClO 4 ⁇ , AsF 6 ⁇ , SbF 6 ⁇ , AlCl 4 ⁇ , RfSO 3 ⁇ , (RfSO 2 ) 2 N ⁇ , RfCO 2 ⁇ (Rf is a fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms) it can.
- the solvent used in the electrolytic solution the following can be used. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- cyclic carbonate ester, chain carbonate ester, phosphate ester, cyclic ether, chain ether, lactone compound, chain ester, nitrile compound, amide compound, sulfone compound and the like can be mentioned.
- the cyclic carbonate include ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4- (trifluoromethyl) -1,3-dioxolan-2-one, and the like.
- ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate are used.
- chain carbonates include dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, methyl n-propyl carbonate, methyl isopropyl carbonate, n-butyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl n-propyl carbonate, ethyl isopropyl carbonate, n-butyl ethyl carbonate, di- Examples thereof include n-propyl carbonate, diisopropyl carbonate, di n-butyl carbonate, fluoroethyl methyl carbonate, difluoroethyl methyl carbonate, and trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate, and dimethyl carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate are preferred.
- Examples of the phosphate ester include trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, ethyldimethyl phosphate, diethylmethyl phosphate, and the like.
- Examples of the cyclic ether include tetrahydrofuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran.
- Examples of the chain ether include dimethoxyethane.
- Examples of the lactone compound include ⁇ -valerolactone and ⁇ -butyrolactone.
- Examples of chain-like esters include methyl propionate, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and methyl formate.
- Examples of the nitrile compound include acetonitrile.
- Examples of the amide compound include dimethylformamide.
- sulfone compound examples include, but are not limited to, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, dimethyl sulfone, ethyl methyl sulfone, and isopropyl sulfone.
- reaction formula 2H 2 O ⁇ 4H + + O 2 + 4e ⁇ It is considered that hydrogen ions H + are released into the electrolytic solution by oxidative decomposition of water H 2 O contained in the activated carbon.
- BF 4 ⁇ is contained as an anion in the electrolytic solution, it is considered that this BF 4 ⁇ is hydrolyzed as shown in the following reaction formula. (Chemical formula 3) BF 4 ⁇ + H 2 O ⁇ BF 3 (OH) + HF It is considered that hydrogen ions H + remaining by this hydrolysis are released into the electrolytic solution.
- This cycle deterioration means deterioration when charging and discharging are repeated.
- the electrochemical reduction reaction of hydrogen ion H +, hydrogen (H 2) gas is generated at the negative electrode side.
- this hydrogen gas is stored in, for example, an electrode to form a gas pool, the capacity is reduced and the resistance is increased.
- hydrogen ions H + reduction reaction when lithium ion Li + insertion occurs it collapses the balance of the lithium ion Li + insertion and withdrawal. Therefore, lithium ions Li + that should be inserted are not inserted, and sufficient electricity cannot be stored, resulting in performance degradation.
- the capacity of the conventional hybrid capacitor during cycle use was reduced under acidic conditions caused by protons. That is, the long-term stability of the hybrid capacitor is low due to protons.
- a negative electrode 2 having a material layer 2a, and a lithium compound that captures protons is interposed between the positive electrode active material layer 1a and the negative electrode active material layer 2a.
- the lithium compound has an action of capturing hydrogen ions H + .
- the lithium compound layer 4 is formed using Li 2 TiO 3
- Li 2 TiO 3 reacts with hydrogen ions H + as shown in the following reaction formula.
- the lithium compound that captures protons can be contained in the electrolytic solution, or formed as a layer in the positive electrode active material layer 1a or the negative electrode active material layer 2a, or can be held in the separator 3.
- the separator 3 is disposed between the positive electrode active material layer 1a and the negative electrode active material layer 2a.
- the lithium compound is disposed in the vicinity of the positive electrode active material layer 1a.
- the reason why protons are released into the electrolytic solution is considered to be the oxidation factor and the anion factor of the carbon material.
- protons derived from activated carbon can be efficiently captured. Therefore, it is possible to provide a hybrid capacitor with further excellent long-term stability.
- the lithium compound layer 4 is formed on the separator 3 and the surface on which the lithium compound layer 4 is formed is the surface facing the positive electrode 1 of the hybrid capacitor, an embodiment for realizing efficient supplementation of protons It becomes.
- the lithium compound has a capacity of 10 mAh / g or less. Therefore, no capacitive component is interposed between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2. For this reason, it is possible to prevent an increase in leakage current.
- the lithium compound is Li 2 TiO 3 .
- Li 2 TiO 3 does not have a capacitive component and can prevent an increase in leakage current. Moreover, generation
- the specific surface area of Li 2 TiO 3 is 100 m 2 / g or less. Therefore, generation of hydrogen gas can be more reliably suppressed.
- the weight ratio per unit area of the lithium compound to the carbon material having a porous structure or a fibrous structure having an electric double layer capacity is 1: 0.1 to 1: 1. Therefore, hydrogen gas is suitably suppressed and cycle characteristics can be improved.
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode produced as described above are made to face each other with a separator made of rayon, and 2 mol of LiBF 4 as an electrolyte is added to 1 L of propylene carbonate (PC) solvent (2M LiBF 4 / PC).
- PC propylene carbonate
- the laminate capacitor was used and sealed to prepare a hybrid capacitor cell.
- Different lithium compounds Li 2 TiO 3 , Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 , LiNiO 2 , LiSiO 3 , LiAlO 2 , LiFeO 2 , LiNbO 3 , Li 2 ZrO 3 , Li 2 WO 4 , LiTaO 3 are formed on the surface of the separator.
- Li 3 PO 4 were prepared, and the lithium compound layers were arranged so as to face the positive electrode, and Examples 1 to 11 were made, respectively.
- a separator not coated with a lithium compound was prepared.
- Example 1 The cells of Examples 1 to 11 and Comparative Example 1 produced in this way were subjected to a load test at 2.9 V and 60 degrees, and Table 1 shows the amount of hydrogen gas generated after 72 hours.
- Example 1 has a capacity exceeding 10 mAh / g, a capacity component is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and there is a concern about an increase in leakage current. Considering other influences such as leakage current, it can be said that the lithium compounds of Examples 2 to 11 having a capacity of 10 mAh / g or less and high insulating properties are preferable.
- the capacitor cell was produced as follows.
- the positive electrode, the negative electrode, and the separator were prepared in the same manner as (1) above.
- the amount of activated carbon used in the positive electrode was 4.16 mg / cm 2 .
- a lithium compound was prepared by applying Li 2 TiO 3 with a coating amount of 1.15 mg / cm 2 on one surface of a rayon separator with different specific surface areas (4, 12, 50, 100 mg 2 / g). A layer was formed. A plurality of separators arranged so that this lithium compound layer was opposed to the positive electrode side were produced as Examples 12 to 15.
- a separator not coated with Li 2 TiO 3 was prepared.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode produced as described above are opposed to each other with the separator interposed therebetween, and a laminate is sealed using an electrolyte solution (2M LiBF 4 / SL) in which 2 mol of LiBF 4 is added as an electrolyte to 1 L of sulfolane (SL) solvent. Then, a hybrid capacitor cell was produced.
- Example 12 to 15 With respect to the cells of Examples 12 to 15 and Comparative Example 2 manufactured as described above, a load test was performed at 3.0 V and 70 degrees, and the amount of hydrogen gas generated when 72 hours elapsed is shown in FIG. From FIG. 3, Examples 12 to 15 in which Li 2 TiO 3 was applied to the separator under high temperature conditions were compared with Comparative Example 2 in which Li 2 TiO 3 was not applied at any specific surface area. Thus, it was found that the generation of hydrogen gas was suppressed. More specifically, from comparison between Example 15 and Comparative Example 2, it was found that the hydrogen gas generation amount can be suppressed when the specific surface area of the lithium compound is 100 m 2 / g or less. Further, from comparisons of Examples 12 to 15, it was found that when the specific surface area was set to 50 m 2 / g or less, suppression of hydrogen gas generation amount was good.
- Lithium Compound Coating Amount and Hydrogen Gas Generation Amount To specifically examine the lithium compound coating amount and the hydrogen gas generation amount, a capacitor cell was fabricated as follows. The positive electrode and the negative electrode were produced in the same manner as (1) above. The amount of activated carbon used in the positive electrode was 4.16 mg / cm 2 . Here, Li 2 TiO 3 having a specific surface area of 12 m 2 / g is applied to one surface of a separator made of rayon at different coating amounts (0.57, 1.15, 2.3, 3.45 mg / cm 2 ). To form a lithium compound layer. A plurality of separators arranged so that this lithium compound layer faces the positive electrode side were produced, and Examples 16 to 19 were made. Further, as Comparative Example 3, a separator not coated with Li 2 TiO 3 was produced.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode produced as described above are opposed to each other with the separator interposed therebetween, and a laminate is sealed using an electrolyte solution (2M LiBF 4 / SL) in which 2 mol of LiBF 4 is added as an electrolyte to 1 L of sulfolane (SL) solvent. Then, a hybrid capacitor cell was produced.
- Example 16 to 19 and Comparative Example 3 produced in this manner were subjected to a load test at 3.0 V and 70 degrees, and the amount of hydrogen gas generated when 72 hours had elapsed was measured. Further, the capacity retention rate was measured when the charge / discharge cycle of charging to 3.0V and discharging to 1.5V was performed 3000 times. The results are shown in Table 2. In Table 2, the lithium compound is expressed as DLT.
- Example 16 to 19 in which the lithium compound was applied to the separator generation of hydrogen gas was suppressed at any application amount compared to Comparative Example 3 in which the lithium compound was not applied. It was also found that the cycle characteristics were improved. In the hybrid capacitor of the example, it was found that since the generation of hydrogen gas was suppressed, capacity reduction and performance deterioration were suppressed. In particular, Example 19 in which the weight ratio of lithium compound to activated carbon per unit area was 1: 0.82 showed the best gas generation suppression characteristics and capacity retention.
- LC leakage current
- DCIR direct current resistance
- a positive electrode and a negative electrode produced as described above are opposed to each other with a separator interposed therebetween, and a hybrid is prepared using an electrolyte solution (2M LiBF 4 / SL) in which 2 mol of LiBF 4 is added as an electrolyte to 1 L of sulfolane (SL) solvent.
- SL sulfolane
- Example 20 Li 2 TiO 3 was coated on a separator, as compared with Comparative Example 4 in which Li 2 TiO 3 is not coated, it was found that the leakage current is reduced.
- protons In the example in which protons are captured by the lithium compound, it is considered that protons do not undergo a reduction reaction on the lithium titanate of the negative electrode active material layer, and generation of hydrogen gas and generation of capacity are suppressed. .
- Example 20 Li 2 TiO 3 was coated on a separator, as compared with Comparative Example 4 in which Li 2 TiO 3 is not coated, the increase in internal resistance is suppressed I understood.
- the electrolyte is acidified by protons, the hydrolysis of the electrolyte is suppressed, and the increase in internal resistance is suppressed.
- leakage current (LC) and DCIR characteristics were greatly improved.
- Example 20 Li 2 TiO 3 was coated on a separator, as compared with Comparative Example 4 in which Li 2 TiO 3 is not coated, that reduction in the capacity retention rate is suppressed I understood. It is considered that protons are captured by the lithium compound and the occurrence of capacity reduction is suppressed. As described above, in Example 20 in which Li 2 TiO 3 was applied to the separator, neglect deterioration was greatly suppressed.
- an electrolytic solution used for a hybrid capacitor in which a lithium compound is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode was examined.
- the solvent of the electrolytic solution was propylene carbonate (PC)
- the electrolyte was LiBF 4 as the lithium salt.
- LiBF 4 was added to 1 L of propylene carbonate (PC) so that the molar concentration was 1.2M to 2.0M.
- the concentration of LiBF 4 in Example 21 was set to 1.2M, the concentration of LiBF 4 in Example 22 and 1.6M, the concentration of LiBF 4 in Example 23 was set to 1.8M, the concentration of LiBF 4 in Example 24 was 2.0M.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode were prepared in the same manner as (1) above.
- the separator was a rayon separator, and a lithium compound layer was formed on one side of the separator by applying Li 2 TiO 3 having a specific surface area of 12 m 2 / g at 1.15 mg / cm 2 .
- a separator was disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode so that the lithium compound was opposed to the positive electrode side, and the positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode layer were wound to form a wound capacitor element.
- This wound capacitor element is impregnated with each of the electrolyte solutions of Examples 21 to 24, housed in a metal case, and sealed with a sealing member (lid body), thereby having a size of ⁇ 45 mm and a height of 150 mm.
- Each of the wound hybrid capacitor cells having the following characteristics was manufactured.
- the other preparation methods were the same as those in Example 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について、図1を参照しつつ説明する。図1は、ハイブリッドキャパシタの構成の一例を示す説明図である。本実施形態のハイブリッドキャパシタは、正極1と、負極2と、セパレータ3と、リチウム化合物層4と、を有する。正極1と、負極2とは、不図示の電解液中において、セパレータ3およびリチウム化合物層4を介して対向するように配置され、ハイブリットキャパシタセルを形成する。
正極1は、電気二重層容量を持つ多孔質構造又は繊維状構造を有する炭素材料を含む正極活物質層1aと、正極活物質層1aを支持する集電体1bを有する電極である。正極1は、例えばシート状の正極活物質層1aを、集電体1bに接合することにより形成される。正極活物質層1aは、例えば、電気二重層容量を持つ多孔質構造又は繊維状構造を有する炭素材料と導電剤との混合物にバインダーを混合し、混練した後シート状に成形して形成することができる。また、電気二重層容量を持つ多孔質構造又は繊維状構造を有する炭素材料と導電剤粉末とバインダーの混合液をドクターブレード法等によって集電体1b上に塗工し、乾燥することにより正極活物質層1aを形成しても良い。正極活物質層1aは、得られた分散物を所定形状に成形し、集電体1b上に圧着して形成することもできる。
負極2は、リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な材料を含む負極活物質層2aと、負極活物質層2aを支持する集電体2bを有する電極である。負極2は、例えばシート状の負極活物質層2aを、集電体2bに接合することにより形成される。負極活物質層2aは、リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な材料と、必要に応じて導電剤及びバインダーを混合し、混練した後シート状に成形して形成することができる。また、これらの材料にさらに適量の溶媒を加えて得た混合液をドクターブレード法等によって集電体2b上に塗工し、乾燥することにより負極活物質層2aを形成しても良い。
正極1および負極2の集電体1b,2bとしては、アルミニウム、銅、鉄、ニッケル、チタン、鋼、カーボン等の導電材料を使用することができる。特に、アルミニウムおよび銅を用いることが好ましい。高い熱伝導性と電子伝導性とを有しているからである。集電体の形状は、膜状、箔状、板状、網状、エキスパンドメタル状、円筒状等の任意の形状を採用することができる。
上記正極1および負極2で用いられるバインダーとしては、例えばフッ素系ゴム,ジエン系ゴム,スチレン系ゴム等のゴム類、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン,ポリフッ化ビニリデン等の含フッ素ポリマー、カルボキシメチルセルロース,ニトロセルロース等のセルロース、その他、ポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂,アクリル樹脂、ニトリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂などを挙げることができる。これらのバインダーは、単独で使用しても良く、2種以上を混合して使用しても良い。
上記正極1および負極2で用いられる導電剤としては、ケッチェンブラック,アセチレンブラック,チャネルブラック等のカーボンブラック、フラーレン、カーボンナノチューブ、カーボンナノファイバ、無定形炭素、炭素繊維、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛、黒鉛化ケッチェンブラック、メソポーラス炭素等の導電性カーボン粉末を使用することができる。また、気相法炭素繊維を使用することもできる。これらのカーボン粉末は、単独で使用しても良く、2種以上を混合して使用しても良い。
本実施形態のハイブリッドキャパシタでは、正極活物質層1aと、負極活物質層2aと、の間に、プロトンを捕捉するリチウム化合物が介在する。本実施形態では、正極1と負極2がセパレータ3およびリチウム化合物層4を介して対向して配置される。以下では、セパレータ3上に、リチウム化合物を含むリチウム化合物層4が設けられている例を説明する。
基材となるセパレータ3としては、クラフト,マニラ麻,エスパルト,ヘンプ,レーヨン等のセルロースおよびこれらの混合紙、ポリエチレンテレフタレート,ポリブチレンテレフタレート,ポリエチレンナフタレート,それらの誘導体などのポリエステル系樹脂、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン系樹脂、ポリフッ化ビニリデン系樹脂、ビニロン系樹脂、脂肪族ポリアミド,半芳香族ポリアミド,全芳香族ポリアミド等のポリアミド系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、トリメチルペンテン樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド樹脂、アクリル樹脂等があげられ、これらの樹脂を単独で又は混合して用いることができる。
リチウム化合物層4は、リチウム化合物、溶媒、およびバインダー等と混合して作成したスラリーを、コーターを用いてセパレータ3に塗工し、乾燥により溶媒を除去することにより形成できる。リチウム化合物層4は、セパレータ3のどちらの面に形成しても良いが、より正極活物質層1aの近傍に形成することが好ましい。具体的には、正極1と負極2がセパレータ3を介して配置された際に、正極1と対向する面に形成すると良い。なお、リチウム化合物層4は、セパレータ3の一方の面のみではなく、両面に形成しても良い。
電解液には、リチウムイオンを生成する塩、すなわちリチウム塩を用いる。リチウム塩は、電解質として、1.8M以上のモル濃度で溶媒に添加してもよい。リチウム塩が1.8M以上のモル濃度で添加されると、ハイブリッドキャパシタの充放電サイクルに伴う容量劣化及び直流抵抗の増大が抑制されるためである。リチウム塩としては、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiN(SO2CF3)2、LiN(SO2C2F5)2、CF3SO3Li、LiC(SO2CF3)3、およびLiPF3(C2F5)3、またはこれらの混合物を用いることができる。
(プロトンの発生について)
まず、本発明の作用効果を説明する前に、従来のハイブリッドキャパシタにおいて長期安定性が低くなる原因について、本発明者等が鋭意検討を重ねた結果、知り得た知見を以下に説明する。本発明者等は、ハイブリッドキャパシタの駆動中において、電解液中にプロトンが発生していることを発見した。そして、このプロトンに起因して長期安定性が低くなっていることを導き出した。
(化1)
C+H2O → C-OH+H++e-
活性炭の表面にOH基がつき、残った水素イオンH+が電解液中に放出されていると考えられる。
(化2)
2H2O → 4H++O2+4e-
活性炭の中に含まれる水H2Oの酸化分解によって水素イオンH+が、電解液中に放出されていると考えられる。
(化3)
BF4 -+H2O→BF3(OH)+HF
この加水分解により残った水素イオンH+が、電解液中に放出されていると考えられる。
(1)本実施形態では、電気二重層容量を持つ多孔質構造又は繊維状構造を有する炭素材料を含む正極活物質層1aを有する正極1と、リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な材料を含む負極活物質層2aを有する負極2と、を有し、正極活物質層1aと、負極活物質層2aと、の間に、プロトンを捕捉するリチウム化合物が介在する。まず、リチウム化合物は、水素イオンH+の捕捉作用を有している。例えばLi2TiO3を用いてリチウム化合物層4を形成した場合、Li2TiO3は、水素イオンH+と下記の反応式に示すように反応する。
(化4)
Li2TiO3+2H+ → TiO2・H2O(H2TiO3)+2Li+
この反応により、電解液中に発生したプロトンが捕捉される。さらにこの反応によって生成されたリチウムイオンLi+は、電解液中のリチウム塩として使用されることになり、電解液の安定性が向上する。
(1)リチウム化合物の種類と水素ガスの発生量の関係
リチウム化合物の種類と水素ガスの発生量の関係について、具体的に検討するために、以下のようにしてキャパシタセルを作製した。アルミニウム集電体上に、活性炭を含むシート状の正極活物質層を接合し、正極を作製した。同様に、アルミニウム集電体上に、チタン酸リチウム及びバインダーを含むスラリーを塗工して負極活物質層を形成し、負極を作製した。
リチウム化合物の比表面積と水素ガスの発生量の関係について、具体的に検討するために、以下のようにしてキャパシタセルを作製した。正極、負極、セパレータについては、上記(1)と同様に作製した。正極にて用いた活性炭量は、4.16mg/cm2であった。これに対し、レーヨン製のセパレータの一面に、塗工量1.15mg/cm2のLi2TiO3を異なる比表面積(4、12、50、100mg2/g)にて塗工してリチウム化合物層を形成した。このリチウム化合物層を正極側に対向するようにセパレータを配置したものを複数作製し、実施例12~15とした。また、比較例2として、Li2TiO3が塗工されていないセパレータを作製した。
リチウム化合物の塗工量と水素ガスの発生量について、具体的に検討するために、以下のようにしてキャパシタセルを作製した。正極および負極については、上記(1)と同様に作製した。正極にて用いた活性炭量は、4.16mg/cm2であった。ここで、レーヨン製のセパレータの一面に、比表面積が12m2/gのLi2TiO3を異なる塗工量(0.57、1.15、2.3、3.45mg/cm2)で塗工しリチウム化合物層を形成した。このリチウム化合物層を正極側に対向するようにセパレータを配置したものを複数作製し、実施例16~19とした。また、比較例3として、Li2TiO3が塗工されていないセパレータを作製した。
1a 正極活物質層
1b 集電体
2 負極
2a 負極活物質層
2b 集電体
3 セパレータ
4 リチウム化合物層
Claims (14)
- 電気二重層容量を持つ多孔質構造又は繊維状構造を有する炭素材料を含む正極活物質層を有する正極と、
リチウムイオンを吸蔵放出可能な材料を含む負極活物質層を有する負極と、を有し、
前記正極活物質層と、前記負極活物質層と、の間に、プロトンを捕捉するリチウム化合物が介在すること、を特徴とするハイブリッドキャパシタ。 - 前記正極活物質層と前記負極活物質層との間に配置されたセパレータを更に有し、
前記セパレータが、前記リチウム化合物を含むことを特徴とする請求項1記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。 - 前記リチウム化合物は、前記正極活物質層の近傍に配置されていること、を特徴とする請求項1または2記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。
- 前記リチウム化合物が、容量が10mAh/g以下であることを特徴とする請求項1~3いずれか一項記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。
- 前記リチウム化合物が、Li2TiO3であることを特徴とする請求項1~4いずれか一項記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。
- 前記Li2TiO3の比表面積が、100m2/g以下であることを特徴とする請求項5記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。
- 前記電気二重層容量を持つ多孔質構造又は繊維状構造を有する炭素材料に対するリチウム化合物の単位面積当たりの重量比が、1:0.1~1:1であることを特徴とする請求項1~6いずれか一項記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。
- リチウム塩が電解質として1.8M以上のモル濃度で含有する電解液を有することを特徴とする請求項1~7いずれか一項記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ。
- プロトンを捕捉するリチウム化合物を含むことを特徴とするハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ。
- 前記セパレータの片面または両面には、前記リチウム化合物を含む、リチウム化合物層が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項9記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ。
- 前記リチウム化合物層が、ハイブリッドキャパシタの正極と対向する面に形成されていること、を特徴とする請求項10記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ。
- 前記リチウム化合物が、容量が10mAh/g以下であることを特徴とする請求項9~11いずれか一項記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ。
- 前記リチウム化合物が、Li2TiO3であることを特徴とする請求項9~12いずれか一項記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ。
- 前記Li2TiO3の比表面積が、100m2/g以下であることを特徴とする請求項13記載のハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16773239.5A EP3279911A4 (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-04-01 | Hybrid capacitor and separator for hybrid capacitors |
CN201680017302.7A CN107430945B (zh) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-04-01 | 混合电容器及混合电容器用隔板 |
JP2017510256A JPWO2016159359A1 (ja) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-04-01 | ハイブリッドキャパシタ及びハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ |
KR1020177024023A KR20170134335A (ko) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-04-01 | 하이브리드 커패시터 및 하이브리드 커패시터용 세퍼레이터 |
US15/558,945 US10504661B2 (en) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-04-01 | Hybrid capacitor and separator for hybrid capacitors |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2015-076533 | 2015-04-03 | ||
JP2015076533 | 2015-04-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016159359A1 true WO2016159359A1 (ja) | 2016-10-06 |
Family
ID=57005124
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2016/060947 WO2016159359A1 (ja) | 2015-04-03 | 2016-04-01 | ハイブリッドキャパシタ及びハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US10504661B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3279911A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPWO2016159359A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20170134335A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107430945B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016159359A1 (ja) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016197647A (ja) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-11-24 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | ハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータおよびハイブリッドキャパシタ |
WO2018203519A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤およびこの蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤を用いた蓄電デバイス用正極および蓄電デバイス |
WO2018203522A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用組成物およびこの蓄電デバイス用組成物を用いた蓄電デバイス用セパレータおよび蓄電デバイス |
CN110582822A (zh) * | 2017-05-01 | 2019-12-17 | 帝化株式会社 | 锂离子电容器用正极 |
CN110709952A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-01-17 | 奥海能量公益公司 | 用于储存电能的系统和方法 |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR102628054B1 (ko) * | 2019-04-10 | 2024-01-25 | 한국전력공사 | 슈퍼커패시터용 분리막, 이의 제조방법 및 이를 포함하는 슈퍼커패시터 |
CN115366498A (zh) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-22 | 上海交通大学 | 高强度结构电容器、制备方法、新能源汽车以及无人机 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003297699A (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Nec Tokin Corp | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP2008146963A (ja) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-26 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質二次電池用セパレータ、非水電解質二次電池及び電池パック |
JP2011233843A (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-17 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | 電気化学デバイス |
WO2014148250A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | リチウムイオンキャパシタおよびその充放電方法 |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2270771A1 (fr) * | 1999-04-30 | 2000-10-30 | Hydro-Quebec | Nouveaux materiaux d'electrode presentant une conductivite de surface elevee |
US8168330B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 | 2012-05-01 | Enerdel, Inc. | Lithium titanate cell with reduced gassing |
KR100845239B1 (ko) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-07-10 | 한국과학기술연구원 | 내열성 초극세 섬유층을 지닌 분리막 및 이를 이용한이차전지 |
US8159815B2 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2012-04-17 | Daihatsu Motor Co., Ltd. | Electrochemical capacitor |
US8139343B2 (en) * | 2010-03-08 | 2012-03-20 | Wisys Technology Foundation | Electrical energy storage device containing an electroactive separator |
JP2011216748A (ja) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Nippon Chemicon Corp | 電気化学キャパシタ |
JP5988134B2 (ja) * | 2011-05-11 | 2016-09-07 | 株式会社Gsユアサ | 蓄電素子 |
US8945756B2 (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-02-03 | Aquion Energy Inc. | Composite anode structure for aqueous electrolyte energy storage and device containing same |
US9129756B2 (en) * | 2013-03-28 | 2015-09-08 | Corning Incorporated | Composite electrode for lithium ion capacitor |
KR101479626B1 (ko) * | 2013-05-03 | 2015-01-06 | 삼화콘덴서공업주식회사 | Lto/탄소 복합체, lto/탄소 복합체 제조방법, lto/탄소 복합체를 이용한 이용한 음극활물질 및 음극활물질을 이용한 하이브리드 슈퍼커패시터 |
-
2016
- 2016-04-01 US US15/558,945 patent/US10504661B2/en active Active
- 2016-04-01 WO PCT/JP2016/060947 patent/WO2016159359A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2016-04-01 CN CN201680017302.7A patent/CN107430945B/zh active Active
- 2016-04-01 KR KR1020177024023A patent/KR20170134335A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2016-04-01 EP EP16773239.5A patent/EP3279911A4/en active Pending
- 2016-04-01 JP JP2017510256A patent/JPWO2016159359A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003297699A (ja) * | 2002-03-29 | 2003-10-17 | Nec Tokin Corp | 電気二重層キャパシタ |
JP2008146963A (ja) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-26 | Sony Corp | 非水電解質二次電池用セパレータ、非水電解質二次電池及び電池パック |
JP2011233843A (ja) * | 2010-04-30 | 2011-11-17 | Taiyo Yuden Co Ltd | 電気化学デバイス |
WO2014148250A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-19 | 2014-09-25 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | リチウムイオンキャパシタおよびその充放電方法 |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2016197647A (ja) * | 2015-04-03 | 2016-11-24 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | ハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータおよびハイブリッドキャパシタ |
CN114171319A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2022-03-11 | 奥海能量公益公司 | 用于储存电能的系统和方法 |
CN110709952A (zh) * | 2017-03-29 | 2020-01-17 | 奥海能量公益公司 | 用于储存电能的系统和方法 |
CN110582822A (zh) * | 2017-05-01 | 2019-12-17 | 帝化株式会社 | 锂离子电容器用正极 |
CN110622336A (zh) * | 2017-05-01 | 2019-12-27 | 帝化株式会社 | 蓄电装置用组合物以及使用该蓄电装置用组合物的蓄电装置用隔板和蓄电装置 |
WO2018203522A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用組成物およびこの蓄電デバイス用組成物を用いた蓄電デバイス用セパレータおよび蓄電デバイス |
JPWO2018203519A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2020-03-12 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤およびこの蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤を用いた蓄電デバイス用正極および蓄電デバイス |
JPWO2018203522A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2020-05-14 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用組成物およびこの蓄電デバイス用組成物を用いた蓄電デバイス用セパレータおよび蓄電デバイス |
JP7007375B2 (ja) | 2017-05-01 | 2022-01-24 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用組成物およびこの蓄電デバイス用組成物を用いた蓄電デバイス用セパレータおよび蓄電デバイス |
WO2018203519A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-01 | 2018-11-08 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤およびこの蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤を用いた蓄電デバイス用正極および蓄電デバイス |
US11302993B2 (en) | 2017-05-01 | 2022-04-12 | Tayca Corporation | Power storage device composition, power storage device separator using power storage device composition, and power storage device |
CN110622336B (zh) * | 2017-05-01 | 2022-07-26 | 帝化株式会社 | 蓄电装置用钛酸锂组合物、蓄电装置用隔板和蓄电装置 |
JP7187123B2 (ja) | 2017-05-01 | 2022-12-12 | テイカ株式会社 | 蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤およびこの蓄電デバイス用ガス発生抑制剤を用いた蓄電デバイス用正極および蓄電デバイス |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN107430945B (zh) | 2019-07-23 |
US10504661B2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
EP3279911A4 (en) | 2018-11-14 |
US20180075980A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 |
KR20170134335A (ko) | 2017-12-06 |
CN107430945A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
JPWO2016159359A1 (ja) | 2018-02-08 |
EP3279911A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2016159359A1 (ja) | ハイブリッドキャパシタ及びハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータ | |
Naoi | ‘Nanohybrid capacitor’: the next generation electrochemical capacitors | |
TWI620214B (zh) | 電極、使用該電極的電雙層電容器及電極之製造方法 | |
US9786443B2 (en) | Capacitor and method for charging and discharging the same | |
JP2007266064A (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ | |
JP5392355B2 (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ | |
JP5839303B2 (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタの製造方法 | |
JP2008177263A (ja) | 活性炭電極及びその製造方法並びに電気二重層キャパシタ及びハイブリッドキャパシタ | |
JP7462066B2 (ja) | 非水系アルカリ金属蓄電素子および正極塗工液 | |
JP6623538B2 (ja) | ハイブリッドキャパシタ用セパレータおよびハイブリッドキャパシタ | |
JP2016197649A (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ用セパレータおよび電気二重層キャパシタ | |
US11152159B2 (en) | Hybrid capacitor and manufacturing method thereof | |
KR20160045064A (ko) | 전기화학 커패시터 | |
JP4957373B2 (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ | |
WO2018008713A1 (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ | |
JP2016197648A (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ | |
CN116057655A (zh) | 电双层电容器 | |
JP6562591B2 (ja) | 電気化学キャパシタ | |
JP2009099978A (ja) | 電気二重層キャパシタ用分極性電極及びそれを用いた電気二重層キャパシタ | |
WO2018235546A1 (ja) | キャパシタ用電極箔及びキャパシタ | |
JP2015032545A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池 | |
WO2017073474A1 (ja) | 電極、その電極を用いたキャパシタ、および電極の製造方法 | |
JP2014075238A (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質及びその製造方法並びに非水電解質二次電池 | |
JP6111806B2 (ja) | 非水電解質二次電池の製造方法 | |
JP2019145323A (ja) | リチウムイオン二次電池 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 16773239 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2017510256 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20177024023 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 15558945 Country of ref document: US |
|
REEP | Request for entry into the european phase |
Ref document number: 2016773239 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |