WO2016155400A1 - 多功能飞行平台 - Google Patents

多功能飞行平台 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016155400A1
WO2016155400A1 PCT/CN2016/000055 CN2016000055W WO2016155400A1 WO 2016155400 A1 WO2016155400 A1 WO 2016155400A1 CN 2016000055 W CN2016000055 W CN 2016000055W WO 2016155400 A1 WO2016155400 A1 WO 2016155400A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor arm
mounting plate
rotor
disposed
mounting
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/000055
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈博
Original Assignee
珠海羽人农业航空有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201520187840.3U external-priority patent/CN204794563U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201520730921.3U external-priority patent/CN205022909U/zh
Priority to EA201691854A priority Critical patent/EA031940B1/ru
Priority to CA2956110A priority patent/CA2956110C/en
Priority to KR1020177000219A priority patent/KR101895736B1/ko
Priority to AU2016238986A priority patent/AU2016238986B2/en
Application filed by 珠海羽人农业航空有限公司 filed Critical 珠海羽人农业航空有限公司
Priority to JP2016563420A priority patent/JP6357246B2/ja
Priority to EP16771155.5A priority patent/EP3279088B1/en
Priority to US15/303,526 priority patent/US10538316B2/en
Priority to BR112017000064A priority patent/BR112017000064B1/pt
Priority to ES16771155T priority patent/ES2727457T3/es
Priority to MYPI2016001899A priority patent/MY182350A/en
Publication of WO2016155400A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016155400A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/20—Rotors; Rotor supports
    • B64U30/29—Constructional aspects of rotors or rotor supports; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/296—Rotors with variable spatial positions relative to the UAV body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
    • A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
    • A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
    • A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D1/00—Dropping, ejecting, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, or the like, in flight
    • B64D1/16—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting
    • B64D1/18—Dropping or releasing powdered, liquid, or gaseous matter, e.g. for fire-fighting by spraying, e.g. insecticides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/02—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • B64U10/13—Flying platforms
    • B64U10/16—Flying platforms with five or more distinct rotor axes, e.g. octocopters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/40—Modular UAVs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/60—UAVs characterised by the material
    • B64U20/65—Composite materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/90—Cooling
    • B64U20/94—Cooling of rotors or rotor motors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/90—Cooling
    • B64U20/96—Cooling using air
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/20—Rotors; Rotor supports
    • B64U30/29—Constructional aspects of rotors or rotor supports; Arrangements thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U30/00—Means for producing lift; Empennages; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/20—Rotors; Rotor supports
    • B64U30/29—Constructional aspects of rotors or rotor supports; Arrangements thereof
    • B64U30/291—Detachable rotors or rotor supports
    • B64U30/292—Rotors or rotor supports specially adapted for quick release
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
    • F16B2/02—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening
    • F16B2/18—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening using cams, levers, eccentrics, or toggles
    • F16B2/185—Clamps, i.e. with gripping action effected by positive means other than the inherent resistance to deformation of the material of the fastening using cams, levers, eccentrics, or toggles using levers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D2203/00—Aircraft or airfield lights using LEDs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/30—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for imaging, photography or videography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U2101/00—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications
    • B64U2101/40—UAVs specially adapted for particular uses or applications for agriculture or forestry operations

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aircraft, in particular to a multifunctional flight platform.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a multifunctional flight platform that is simple in structure, convenient in operation, and capable of mounting different functional devices.
  • the present invention includes a rotor arm system and a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of uniform fixing devices, and the mounting plate passes the fixing device and the rotor arm
  • the rotor arms on the system are fixedly connected, and a plurality of mounting positions for mounting different devices are also disposed on the lower side of the mounting board.
  • the required functional devices can be mounted on the mounting position, such as Agricultural sprinklers, agricultural spreaders, spectrometers, imaging systems and field transporters, etc., can be easily mounted and removed at any time through the mount position as needed, greatly facilitating the operation of the farmer without the need for professionals to be present.
  • Guidance can also achieve a multi-purpose machine, greatly saving the cost of investment.
  • the fixing device includes an arcuate groove disposed on the mounting plate and a clamping block having one end hinged to an edge of the arcuate groove, and a belt is disposed at a non-hinged end of the clamping block
  • Cam a handle and a tension rod with a clamping cone, the cam handle being hinged to an upper end of the tension rod, and a clamping groove is provided on the other side of the arcuate groove, the arcuate groove and the clamping block
  • the sleeve holes formed by the mating are adapted to the rotor arms.
  • the fixing device adopts the cam handle manner, which can realize quick installation and disassembly, convenient replacement of the equipment to be mounted, and convenient installation and disassembly of the rotor arm system, which facilitates the storage and deployment of the entire platform.
  • the mounting plate is disposed between an upper side, a lower side of the rotor arm system or a rotor arm and a rotor arm of the rotor arm system.
  • the mounting mode of the mounting board can be various, which can be set as needed.
  • the horizontal position of the mounting position is set lower than the horizontal position of the fixing device, and a plurality of hollow holes are disposed on the mounting plate.
  • the non-planar mounting device can be mounted on the non-planar mounting board according to the requirements of the device, and the mounting position can be used to meet various needs, and the mounting is convenient, according to different users.
  • the required functional equipment such as agricultural sprinklers, agricultural spreaders, spectrometers, imaging systems, and field transporters can be mounted on the mount position, and can be easily mounted at any time through the mount position as needed.
  • the removal greatly facilitate the operation of the farmers, without the need for professionals to guide, can also achieve a multi-purpose machine, greatly saving the cost of investment, in addition, the horizontal position of the mount position is set lower, can ensure the platform flight
  • the stability and the convenience of installing the mounting device also facilitate the processing of the mounting board; the setting of the hollow hole can effectively reduce the weight of the mounting board and improve the mounting capacity of the flying platform under the condition of ensuring the strength.
  • a plurality of symmetrical arm grooves are formed on the mounting plate, and the plurality of the fixing devices and the plurality of the arm grooves are uniformly symmetrically distributed on the mounting plate. And cooperate with the rotor arm on the rotor arm system.
  • the spiral arm slot and the fixing device are used together to realize the connection between the mounting plate and the rotor arm, one of which is to reduce the application of the fixing device and reduce the cost; the second is to utilize the cooperation of the cantilever groove and the rotor arm.
  • the method is to speed up the assembly and disassembly efficiency; the third is to reduce the use of the fixing device, and the preparation of the mounting plate is simpler and indirectly reduces the cost.
  • the mounting plate and the rotor arm are both made of carbon fiber.
  • the rotor arm system includes the rotor arm, a plurality of rotors disposed on the rotor arm, and a controller disposed at a center position of the rotor arm, the rotor being symmetrically disposed on the rotor arm and Located on the outside of the rotor arm.
  • the rotor arm system has a simple structure, light weight and is convenient for flight.
  • mount position can be mounted but is not limited to agricultural sprinklers, agricultural spreaders, spectrometers, imaging systems, and field transporters.
  • the multifunctional flight platform further includes a pan/tilt and a ranging device, the ranging device is disposed on the pan/tilt, and the ranging device is a microwave radar, an ultrasonic or a laser ranging device, and the control
  • An LED lamp post is vertically disposed above the device, and an LED strip is disposed on the rotor arm, and the distance measuring device, the LED strip and the LED lamp post are electrically connected to the controller.
  • the unmanned flight is realized by the controller, and the design of the microwave radar, the ultrasonic wave or the laser distance measuring device can realize the flight with the ground contour and avoid obstacles, and can be used in the multi-obstacle land.
  • the flight of the flight platform is ensured; the LED lamp strip and the design of the LED lamp post can determine the amount of the pesticide liquid on the flight platform, the amount of power supply and the flight direction according to the flickering situation, and improve the operation. Control the overall situation of the flight platform to achieve safe flight.
  • the rotor arm is a pipe member, and an electric adjustment is disposed in the rotor arm, and a motor in the base of the rotor leaves a hole communicating with the inside of the rotor arm, in the middle of the rotor arm a position is provided with a venting hole, the ESC being located in a rotor arm between the air vent and the venting hole, the motor of the rotor rotating to drive air from the venting hole into the rotor arm and
  • the electric current and the motor are cooled, and hot air is drawn from the air hole, and a heat sink is disposed around the electric switch, and an overall shape of the heat sink is matched with a shape of a pipe cavity in the rotor arm, and the heat sink is The direction is consistent with the direction of the rotor arm pipe on which the ESC is placed.
  • the ESC is placed in the rotor arm, which makes the overall appearance more beautiful, and also makes full use of the role of the rotor, saves space, and avoids the ESC when the ESC is exposed outside the rotor arm.
  • the resulting loss effect; and the structural design of the heat sink suitable for installation in the pipeline eliminates the need for the installation of the heat dissipation fan on the ESC, thereby reducing the overall cost and having a simple structure.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the different working needs of the farmer, the required functional equipment such as agricultural sprinklers, agricultural spreaders, spectrometers, image systems and field transporters can be mounted on the mounting position, as needed, It can be easily mounted and removed at any time through the mounting position, which greatly facilitates the operation of the farmers, without the need for professionals to be on the scene for guidance, and can also realize multi-purpose use of one machine, which greatly saves cost input.
  • the required functional equipment such as agricultural sprinklers, agricultural spreaders, spectrometers, image systems and field transporters
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic bottom view of the first structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a first state disassembled view of the first structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a second state disassembled view of the first structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first structure in the second embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first structure in the third embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first structure in the fifth embodiment
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a first state disassembled view of the second structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a second state disassembled view of the second structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second structure in the second embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second structure in the third embodiment.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second structure in the fifth embodiment
  • Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second structure in the first embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a simplified schematic view showing the second structure of the fixing device
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view showing the electrical configuration of the ESC
  • Figure 17 is an end view of the ESC.
  • the present invention includes a rotor arm system and a mounting plate 1.
  • the mounting plate 1 is provided with a plurality of uniform fixing devices 2 through which the mounting plate 1 passes.
  • the rotor arm 3 on the rotor arm system is fixedly connected, and a plurality of mounting positions 4 for mounting different devices are also arranged on the lower side of the mounting plate 1.
  • a four-rotor rotor arm system formed by the intersection of two rotors is used, and of course, a six-rotor rotor arm system and an eight-rotor rotor arm system may be provided as needed, as needed.
  • the number of fixtures 2 coincides with the number of rotor arms.
  • a plurality of symmetrical arm grooves 18 which are symmetrical with the rotor arm 3 are disposed on the mounting plate 1, and the plurality of fixing devices are provided. 2 and a plurality of said arm grooves 18 are evenly distributed symmetrically on said mounting plate 1 and cooperate with the rotor arms 3 on said rotor arm system.
  • the two fixing devices 2 symmetrically arranged on the mounting plate 1 are fixedly connected; the adjacent other rotor arms are arranged in two spiral arm slots 18 symmetrically arranged on the mounting plate 1. Match the connection.
  • the rotor arm system is a four-rotor rotor arm system formed by two rotor wings, one of the rotor arms is fixed by a fixing device 2, and the other rotor arm is fixed by a spiral arm slot 18;
  • the rotor arm system is a six-rotor rotor arm system formed by three-rotor crossover, two of the rotor arms are fixed by a fixing device 2, and the other rotor arm is fixed by a spiral arm groove 18;
  • the arm system is an eight-rotor rotor arm system formed by four-rotor crossover, two of the rotor arms are fixed by a fixing device 2, and the other two rotor arms are fixed by a spiral arm groove 18. This can be set as needed.
  • the mounting plate 1 is disposed between an upper side, a lower side of the rotor arm system or a rotor arm of the rotor arm system and a rotor arm.
  • the mounting plate 1 can be arranged in a variety of ways, which can be set as desired.
  • the fixing device 2 comprises an arcuate groove 5 disposed on the mounting plate 1 and a clamping block 6 whose one end is hinged to the edge of the arcuate groove 5, and is movable at the non-hinged end of the clamping block 6 a tension rod 9 with a cam handle 7 and a clamping cone 8 is provided, the cam handle 7 being hinged to the upper end of the tension rod 9, and a clamping groove 10 is arranged on the other side of the curved groove 5,
  • the sleeve hole formed by the arcuate groove 5 and the clamping block 6 is matched with the rotor arm 3.
  • the arcuate groove 5 is composed of a first groove 51 and a second groove 52, the first groove 51 is hinged with the clamping block 6, and the second groove 52 is hinged with the base of the fixing device.
  • the clamping groove 10 is disposed at an end of the second groove 52.
  • the horizontal position of the mounting position 4 is set lower than the horizontal position at which the fixing device 2 is disposed. That is, the middle position of the mounting plate 1 is lower than the outer position, which is for the purpose of Install and remove the mounting device.
  • a plurality of hollow holes 11 are arranged on the mounting plate 1. The hollow holes are arranged to reduce the net weight of the flight platform, facilitate platform flight and save energy.
  • the mounting plate 1 and the rotor arm 3 are each made of carbon fiber.
  • the rotor arm system includes the rotor arm 3, a plurality of rotors 12 disposed on the rotor arm 3, and a controller 13 disposed at a central position of the rotor arm 3, the rotor 12 being symmetrically disposed on the rotor
  • the arm 3 is located on the outside of the rotor arm 3.
  • a support leg 17 is also provided on the rotor arm 3.
  • the supporting leg 17 can adopt a straight-rod oblique supporting leg, and a supporting leg with a buffering function with a curved portion can also be used.
  • the arm groove 18 is superposed on the support arm 17 and fixed to the rotor arm 3 . As shown in Figures 8 to 15.
  • the flight platform further includes a pan/tilt head and a distance measuring device, the distance measuring device is disposed on the pan/tilt head, and the distance measuring device is a microwave radar, an ultrasonic wave or a laser ranging device, and the controller 13 is vertical above
  • An LED lamp post is disposed, and an LED strip 35 is disposed on the rotor arm 3, and the distance measuring device, the LED strip 35 and the LED lamp post are electrically connected to the controller 13.
  • the LED strip 35 is a full-color LED strip.
  • the flashing of the LED strip and the LED strip 35 or the color change can indicate the remaining amount of the liquid, the remaining amount of the power supply 13, and the ESC.
  • the ambient temperature and the like can also identify the flight attitude and the spray data through the LED lamp post and the LED strip 35.
  • the rotor arm 3 is a pipe member, and an electric adjustment 29 is disposed in the rotor arm 3.
  • the motor in the frame of the rotor 12 is provided with air holes communicating with the inside of the rotor arm 3, and the rotor arm 3 is a central portion is provided with a venting hole, the electric coil being located in the rotor arm 3 between the air hole and the venting hole, the motor of the rotor 12 rotating to drive air from the venting hole into the rotor arm 3 Cooling the electric current 29 and the motor, the hot air is drawn from the air hole, and the heat sink 30 is disposed around the electric switch 29, and the overall shape of the heat sink 30 and the pipe in the rotor arm 3 The shape of the inner cavity coincides, and the direction of the fins 30 coincides with the direction of the rotor arm duct on which the ESC 29 is placed.
  • the centrifugal wind generated by the rotation of the motor in the rotor can dissipate heat from the electric current placed in the pipe.
  • the electric adjustment can also save space in the pipe fitting, and can be directly washed and cleaned with water after the work is completed.
  • a power supply line 31, a control line 32, a capacitor 33, and an output line 34 are further disposed on the ESC 29, the power line 31, the control line 32, and the capacitor 33.
  • the output line 34 is located at the other end of the ESC 29.
  • This kind of branching The structure of the meter can ensure that there will be no connection errors during installation, thus ensuring the safety of the ESC 29.
  • the ESC 29 of the flight platform is placed in the pipeline, and the heat dissipation function can be ensured by the structure of the heat sink 30. After the ESC 29 is installed in the pipeline, the entire flight platform is more beautiful, lighter in weight, and can be directly waterproof, anti-corrosive and anti-collision, and play a protective role.
  • the mounting plate 1 can be conveniently detached from the rotor arm system, and the rotted arm system can be folded.
  • the folded machine can save space and improve space utilization for farmers, as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 10.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the agricultural sprayer 19 is mounted on the mounting position 4, which can be used for field pesticide spraying to prevent farmers from walking through the field.
  • the head 20 communicating with the agricultural sprayer 19 is disposed under the rotor 12 on the rotor arm 3, and when the pesticide is sprayed, the airflow generated when the rotor 12 is rotated is used to spray the nozzle 20.
  • the pesticides can have greater kinetic energy and better penetrability. Pesticides can enter the lower layer of crops to kill pests and protect crops.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the agricultural spreader 14 is mounted on the mounting position 4, and the folding can be used for seed or fertilizer spreading.
  • Embodiment 3 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 3
  • the spectrometer 15 can be mounted on the mounting position 4, which allows the growth of field crops to be collected by the spectrometer.
  • Embodiment 4 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 4:
  • the image system can be mounted on the mount position 4, which can obtain a real scene in the field.
  • Embodiment 5 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 5:
  • the field transporter 16 can be mounted on the mounting position 4, and the field transporter can be used for field transportation to reduce the labor intensity of the staff.
  • the invention utilizes a rotor arm system and a mounting plate, the mounting plate is provided with a plurality of uniform fixing devices, or the fixing device and the spiral arm slot are simultaneously disposed, and the mounting plate passes through the fixing device and/or Or the arm groove is fixedly connected to the rotor arm on the rotor arm system, and a plurality of mounting positions for mounting different devices are further disposed on the lower side of the mounting plate; Need to mount the required functional equipment on the mount position, such as agricultural sprinklers, agricultural spreaders, spectrometers, imaging systems and field transporters, etc., as needed, can be easily mounted and removed at any time through the mount position. Underneath, it greatly facilitates the operation of farmers, without the need for professionals to be on the scene for guidance, but also to achieve a multi-purpose machine, greatly saving cost investment.
  • the invention is applicable to the field of agricultural aviation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种结构简单、操作方便、可实现不同功能设备挂载的多功能飞行平台，包括旋翼臂系统和挂载板(1)，所述挂载板(1)上设置有若干均布的固定装置(2)，所述挂载板(1)通过所述固定装置(2)与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂(3)相固定连接，在所述挂载板(1)的下侧还设置有若干用于挂载不同设备的挂载位。该多功能飞行平台可应用于农用航空领域。

Description

多功能飞行平台 技术领域
本发明涉及一种飞行器，尤其涉及一种多功能飞行平台。
背景技术
随着科技的发展，农业机械化程度越来越高。随着大面积种植的发展，越来越多地采用飞行器进行田间作业，例如，应用飞行播撒器向田间播撒种子或在农作物生长期进行肥料播撒；应用农用喷药无人机进行田间喷洒农药以消除农害；等等。但这存在一个问题，当需要进行不同的作业时，需要启用不同的无人机机种分别进行作业。对于农户来说，需要腾出足够的空间来摆放不同的无人机机种，也需要投入大量的资金来购买无人机，并需要投入巨大的维护费用。这将大大地增加农户的成本。若能设计一种可挂载各种不同的功能设备的飞行平台，则农户只需购买一台这样的平台，即可随时更换挂载的设备进行不同的作业，对农作物的生长进行保驾护航。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种结构简单、操作方便、可实现不同功能设备挂载的多功能飞行平台。
本发明所采用的技术方案是：本发明包括旋翼臂系统和挂载板，所述挂载板上设置有若干均布的固定装置，所述挂载板通过所述固定装置与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂相固定连接，在所述挂载板的下侧还设置有若干用于挂载不同设备的挂载位。
上述方案可见，通过旋翼臂系统和挂载板的结合，旋翼臂系统与挂载板之间通过固定装置连接，根据用户不同的工作需要，可在挂载位上挂载需要的功能设备，如农用喷洒器、农用播撒器、光谱仪、影像系统和田间运输器等等，只要需要，可随时通过所述挂载位轻松挂载和拆下，极大地方便了农户的操作，无需专业人员到场进行指导，也可实现一机多用，大大地节省了成本投入。
进一步地，所述固定装置包括设置在所述挂载板上的弧形槽及一端与该弧形槽的边缘相铰接的卡紧块，在所述卡紧块的非铰接端活动设置有带凸轮 把手且带卡紧锥的拉力杆，所述凸轮把手与所述拉力杆的上端铰接，在所述弧形槽的另一侧设置有卡紧槽，所述弧形槽和所述卡紧块相配合后形成的套孔与所述旋翼臂相适配。
上述方案可见，固定装置采用凸轮把手的方式，可实现快速安装和拆卸，方便更换需挂载的设备，也方便装拆旋翼臂系统，便于整个平台的收纳和展开。
更进一步地，所述挂载板设置在所述旋翼臂系统的上侧面、下侧面或所述旋翼臂系统的旋翼臂与旋翼臂之间。
上述方案可见，挂载板的设置方式可以多种多样，这可根据需要设定。
进一步地，在所述挂载板上，设置所述挂载位的水平位置较设置所述固定装置的水平位置低，在所述挂载板上设置有若干镂空孔。
上述方案可见，对于非平面型的挂载设备，可根据设备的需求挂载在非平面结构的挂载板上，利用挂载位满足各种不同的需求，其挂载方便，根据用户不同的工作需要，可在挂载位上挂载需要的功能设备，如农用喷洒器、农用播撒器、光谱仪、影像系统和田间运输器等等，只要需要，可随时通过所述挂载位轻松挂载和拆下，极大地方便了农户的操作，无需专业人员到场进行指导，也可实现一机多用，大大地节省了成本投入，另外，挂载位的水平位置设置得较低，能够保证平台飞行的稳定性以及安装挂载设备的便捷性，同时也方便了挂载板的加工；镂空孔的设置则在保证强度的情况下，有效降低挂载板的重量，提高飞行平台的挂载能力。
进一步地，在所述挂载板上还设置有若干对称的并与所述旋翼臂相配合的旋臂槽，若干所述固定装置和若干所述旋臂槽均匀对称分布在所述挂载板上且与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂相配合。
上述方案可见，采用旋臂槽和固定装置来共同实现挂载板与旋翼臂之间的连接，其一是减少了固定装置的应用，降低了成本；其二是利用悬臂槽与旋翼臂的配合方式，加快装拆效率；其三是在减少固定装置的使用的同时，挂载板的制备更加简单，间接地降低了成本。
进一步地，所述挂载板和所述旋翼臂均由碳纤维制成。
上述方案可见，采用碳纤维来制作平台，既保证了其强度，又大大地降低了其重量，从而提高了可挂载的重量。
进一步地，所述旋翼臂系统包括所述旋翼臂、设置在所述旋翼臂上的若干旋翼以及设置在所述旋翼臂的中心位置的控制器，所述旋翼对称设置在所述旋翼臂上并位于所述旋翼臂的外侧。
上述方案可见，该旋翼臂系统结构简单，重量轻，便于飞行。
进一步地，在所述挂载位上可挂载但不限于农用喷洒器、农用播撒器、光谱仪、影像系统和田间运输器。
上述方案可见，可挂载的设备类型多种多样，可根据需求而设置。
进一步地，所述多功能飞行平台还包括云台和测距装置，所述测距装置设置在所述云台上，所述测距装置为微波雷达、超声波或激光测距装置，所述控制器上方竖直设置有LED灯柱，在所述旋翼臂上设置有LED灯带，所述测距装置、所述LED灯带及所述LED灯柱均与所述控制器电连接。
上述方案可见，通过所述控制器，实现无人飞行，而微波雷达、超声波或激光测距装置的设计，则能实现随地面仿形飞行和避开障碍，能在多障碍物的地块使用方便，保证了飞行平台的安全飞行；所述LED灯带及所述LED灯柱的设计，则能够根据其闪烁情况，确定飞行平台上的农药药液多少、电源电量多少以及飞行方位，提高操作者对飞行平台的整体情况的掌控，实现安全飞行。
更进一步地，所述旋翼臂为管件，在所述旋翼臂内设置有电调，所述旋翼的机座内的电机留有与所述旋翼臂内部相通的气孔，在所述旋翼臂的中部位置设置有通风孔，所述电调位于所述气孔与所述通风孔之间的旋翼臂内，所述旋翼的电机旋转带动空气从所述通风孔处进入所述旋翼臂内并对所述电调和电机进行冷却，热风从所述气孔抽出，所述电调的周围设置有散热片，所述散热片的整体外形与所述旋翼臂内的管道内腔形状相吻合，所述散热片的走向与放置所述电调的旋翼臂管道走向一致。
上述方案可见，将电调设置在旋翼臂内，使得整体更加美观，也充分利用了旋翼的作用，节省了空间，也避免了将电调暴露在旋翼臂外部时对电调 产生的损耗作用；且采用适合安装于管道内的散热片的结构设计，无需在电调上进行散热扇的安装，从整体上降低了成本，且其结构简单。
本发明的有益效果是：根据农户不同的工作需要，可在挂载位上挂载需要的功能设备，如农用喷洒器、农用播撒器、光谱仪、影像系统和田间运输器等等，只要需要，可随时通过所述挂载位轻松挂载和拆下，极大地方便了农户的操作，无需专业人员到场进行指导，也可实现一机多用，大大地节省了成本投入。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一种结构的简易结构示意图；
图2是本发明第一种结构的仰视简易结构示意图；
图3是本发明第一种结构的第一种状态拆解图；
图4是本发明第一种结构的第二种状态拆解图；
图5是实施例二中第一种结构的简易结构示意图；
图6是实施例三中第一种结构的简易结构示意图；
图7是实施例五中第一种结构的简易结构示意图；
图8是本发明第二种结构的简易结构示意图；
图9是本发明第二种结构的第一种状态拆解图；
图10是本发明第二种结构的第二种状态拆解图；
图11是实施例二中第二种结构的简易结构示意图；
图12是实施例三中第二种结构的简易结构示意图；
图13是实施例五中第二种结构的简易结构示意图；
图14是实施例一中第二种结构的简易结构示意图；
图15是所述固定装置的第二种结构的简易结构示意图；
图16是所述电调的立体结构示意图；
图17是所述电调的端面图。
具体实施方式
如图1至图4所示，本发明包括旋翼臂系统和挂载板1，所述挂载板1上设置有若干均布的固定装置2，所述挂载板1通过所述固定装置2与所述 旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂3相固定连接，在所述挂载板1的下侧还设置有若干用于挂载不同设备的挂载位4。在本发明中，采用的是两旋翼交叉设置形成的四旋翼的旋翼臂系统，当然也可根据需要设置成六旋翼的旋翼臂系统、八旋翼的旋翼臂系统，这根据需要而定。在所述挂载板上，固定装置2的数目跟旋翼臂的数目一致。
另一种情况是，如图8至10、15所示，在所述挂载板1上还设置有若干对称的并与所述旋翼臂3相配合的旋臂槽18，若干所述固定装置2和若干所述旋臂槽18均匀对称分布在所述挂载板1上且与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂3相配合。在同一旋翼臂上，通过对称设置在挂载板1上的两个固定装置2固定连接；在相邻的另一旋翼臂则采用对称设置在挂载板1上的两个旋臂槽18进行配合连接。当所述旋翼臂系统为两旋翼交叉设置形成的四旋翼的旋翼臂系统时，其中一根旋翼臂上采用固定装置2来固定，另一根旋翼臂上采用旋臂槽18进行固定；当所述旋翼臂系统为三旋翼交叉设置形成的六旋翼的旋翼臂系统时，其中两根旋翼臂上采用固定装置2来固定，另一根旋翼臂上采用旋臂槽18进行固定；当所述旋翼臂系统为四旋翼交叉设置形成的八旋翼的旋翼臂系统时，其中两根旋翼臂上采用固定装置2来固定，另两根旋翼臂上采用旋臂槽18进行固定。这都可以根据需要而设置。所述挂载板1设置在所述旋翼臂系统的上侧面、下侧面或所述旋翼臂系统的旋翼臂与旋翼臂之间。挂载板1的设置方式可以多种多样，这可根据需要设定。
所述固定装置2包括设置在所述挂载板1上的弧形槽5及一端与该弧形槽5的边缘相铰接的卡紧块6，在所述卡紧块6的非铰接端活动设置有带凸轮把手7且带卡紧锥8的拉力杆9，所述凸轮把手7与所述拉力杆9的上端铰接，在所述弧形槽5的另一侧设置有卡紧槽10，所述弧形槽5和所述卡紧块6相配合后形成的套孔与所述旋翼臂3相适配。所述弧形槽5由第一槽51和第二槽52组成，所述第一槽51与所述卡紧块6相铰接，所述第二槽52与所述固定装置的底座相铰接，所述卡紧槽10设置在所述第二槽52的端部。
在所述挂载板1上，设置所述挂载位4的水平位置较设置所述固定装置2的水平位置低。即所述挂载板1的中间位置低于外侧的位置，这是为了便 于挂载设备的安装和拆下。且在挂载板1上设置有若干镂空孔11，镂空孔的设置是为了降低飞行平台的净重，便于平台飞行和节省能源。所述挂载板1和所述旋翼臂3均由碳纤维制成。所述旋翼臂系统包括所述旋翼臂3、设置在所述旋翼臂3上的若干旋翼12以及设置在所述旋翼臂3的中心位置的控制器13，所述旋翼12对称设置在所述旋翼臂3上并位于所述旋翼臂3的外侧。在所述旋翼臂3上还设置有支撑脚17。所述支撑脚17可以采用直杆式斜支撑脚，也可采用带有弯曲部分的具有缓冲功能的支撑脚。所述旋臂槽18与所述支撑脚17叠合后与所述旋翼臂3相固定。如图8至15所示。
所述飞行平台还包括云台和测距装置，所述测距装置设置在所述云台上，所述测距装置为微波雷达、超声波或激光测距装置，所述控制器13上方竖直设置有LED灯柱，在所述旋翼臂3上设置有LED灯带35，所述测距装置、所述LED灯带35及所述LED灯柱均与所述控制器13电连接。所述LED灯带35为全彩LED灯带，通过所述LED灯柱和所述LED灯带35的闪烁变化或颜色的变换，可以提示药液的余量、电源13的余量及电调的环境温度等，同时还能通过所述LED灯柱和所述LED灯带35识别飞行姿态和喷洒数据。
所述旋翼臂3为管件，在所述旋翼臂3内设置有电调29，所述旋翼12的机座内的电机留有与所述旋翼臂3内部相通的气孔，在所述旋翼臂3的中部位置设置有通风孔，所述电调位于所述气孔与所述通风孔之间的旋翼臂3内，所述旋翼12的电机旋转带动空气从所述通风孔处进入所述旋翼臂3内并对所述电调29和电机进行冷却，热风从所述气孔抽出，所述电调29的周围设置有散热片30，所述散热片30的整体外形与所述旋翼臂3内的管道内腔形状相吻合，所述散热片30的走向与放置所述电调29的旋翼臂管道走向一致。从而可以通过所述旋翼内的电机旋转产生的离心风给放置在所述管件内的电调散热。而且所述电调置于所述管件内也可以节省空间，在完成作业之后能直接用水冲洗清洁。
如图16和图17所示，在所述电调29上还设置有电源线31、控制线32、电容33和输出线34，所述电源线31、所述控制线32和所述电容33位于所述电调29的同一端，所述输出线34位于所述电调29的另一端。这种分开设 计的结构，能够保证安装时不会出现连线错误，从而保证了电调29的使用安全。在新的形势下，飞行平台的电调29放置于管道内，利用所述散热片30的结构，能够保证其散热功能。在电调29安装到管道内后，使得整架飞行平台更加美观，重量更轻，且能够直接防水、防腐蚀和防撞，起到保护作用。
在完成工作后，可方便地将所述挂载板1与所述旋翼臂系统拆卸分离，拆卸下的所述旋翼臂系统可使所述旋翼臂折叠。折叠后的整机能够节省空间，为农户提高空间利用率，如图4和图10所示。
下面以具体的实施例来对本发明作更进一步的说明。
实施例一：
如图14所示，在所述挂载位4上挂载农用喷杀器19，这可用于田间农药喷洒，避免农户穿行于田间。此时，与所述农用喷杀器19相连通的喷头20设置在所述旋翼臂3上的旋翼12下方，在进行农药喷洒时，利用所述旋翼12旋转时产生的气流，使得喷头20喷出的农药能够具有更大的动能，穿透性更好，农药能够进入到农作物的下层中对害虫进行杀害，对农作物进行保护。
实施例二：
如图5和图11所示，在挂载位4上挂载农用播撒器14，折可用于种子或肥料的播撒。
实施例三：
如图6和图12所示，在所述挂载位4上可挂载光谱仪15，这通过光谱仪可采集到田间作物的生长情况。
实施例四：
在所述挂载位4上可挂载影像系统，这可获取田间的真实情景。
实施例五：
如图7和图13所示，在所述挂载位4上可挂载田间运输器16，可利用所述田间运输器进行田间运输，减轻工作人员的劳动强度。
本发明利用旋翼臂系统和挂载板，所述挂载板上设置有若干均布的固定装置，或者固定装置和旋臂槽同时设置，所述挂载板通过所述固定装置和/ 或所述旋臂槽与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂相固定连接，在所述挂载板的下侧还设置有若干用于挂载不同设备的挂载位；可根据农户不同的工作需要，在挂载位上挂载需要的功能设备，如农用喷洒器、农用播撒器、光谱仪、影像系统和田间运输器等等，只要需要，可随时通过所述挂载位轻松挂载和拆下，极大地方便了农户的操作，无需专业人员到场进行指导，也可实现一机多用，大大地节省了成本投入。
本发明可应用于农用航空领域。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：它包括旋翼臂系统和挂载板(1)，所述挂载板(1)上设置有若干均布的固定装置(2)，所述挂载板(1)通过所述固定装置(2)与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂(3)相固定连接，在所述挂载板(1)的下侧还设置有若干用于挂载不同设备的挂载位(4)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：所述固定装置(2)包括设置在所述挂载板(1)上的弧形槽(5)及一端与该弧形槽(5)的边缘相铰接的卡紧块(6)，在所述卡紧块(6)的非铰接端活动设置有带凸轮把手(7)且带卡紧锥(8)的拉力杆(9)，所述凸轮把手(7)与所述拉力杆(9)的上端铰接，在所述弧形槽(5)的另一侧设置有卡紧槽(10)，所述弧形槽(5)和所述卡紧块(6)相配合后形成的套孔与所述旋翼臂(3)相适配。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：在所述挂载板(1)上，设置所述挂载位(4)的水平位置较设置所述固定装置(2)的水平位置低，在所述挂载板(1)上设置有若干镂空孔(11)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：在所述挂载板(1)上还设置有若干对称的并与所述旋翼臂(3)相配合的旋臂槽(18)，若干所述固定装置(2)和若干所述旋臂槽(18)均匀对称分布在所述挂载板(1)上且与所述旋翼臂系统上的旋翼臂(3)相配合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：所述挂载板(1)设置在所述旋翼臂系统的上侧面、下侧面或所述旋翼臂系统的旋翼臂与旋翼臂之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：所述挂载板(1)和所述旋翼臂(3)均由碳纤维制成。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任一项所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：所述旋翼臂系统包括所述旋翼臂(3)、设置在所述旋翼臂(3)上的若干旋翼(12)以及设置在所述旋翼臂(3)的中心位置的控制器(13)，所述旋翼(12)对称设置在所述旋翼臂(3)上并位于所述旋翼臂(3)的外侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：在所述挂载位(4) 上可挂载但不限于农用喷洒器、农用播撒器(14)、光谱仪(15)、影像系统和田间运输器(16)。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：所述多功能飞行平台还包括云台和测距装置，所述测距装置设置在所述云台上，所述测距装置为微波雷达、超声波或激光测距装置，所述控制器(13)上方竖直设置有LED灯柱，在所述旋翼臂(3)上设置有LED灯带(35)，所述测距装置、所述LED灯带(35)及所述LED灯柱均与所述控制器(13)电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的多功能飞行平台，其特征在于：所述旋翼臂(3)为管件，在所述旋翼臂(3)内设置有电调(29)，所述旋翼(12)的机座内的电机留有与所述旋翼臂(3)内部相通的气孔，在所述旋翼臂(3)的中部位置设置有通风孔，所述电调位于所述气孔与所述通风孔之间的旋翼臂(3)内，所述旋翼(12)的电机旋转带动空气从所述通风孔处进入所述旋翼臂(3)内并对所述电调(29)和电机进行冷却，热风从所述气孔抽出，所述电调(29)的周围设置有散热片(30)，所述散热片(30)的整体外形与所述旋翼臂(3)内的管道内腔形状相吻合，所述散热片(30)的走向与放置所述电调(29)的旋翼臂管道走向一致。
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