WO2016132640A1 - 有機発光素子用インク組成物及び有機発光素子 - Google Patents
有機発光素子用インク組成物及び有機発光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016132640A1 WO2016132640A1 PCT/JP2015/085054 JP2015085054W WO2016132640A1 WO 2016132640 A1 WO2016132640 A1 WO 2016132640A1 JP 2015085054 W JP2015085054 W JP 2015085054W WO 2016132640 A1 WO2016132640 A1 WO 2016132640A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- light emitting
- organic light
- binder resin
- ink composition
- polyfunctional vinyl
- Prior art date
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
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- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
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- H10K2101/00—Properties of the organic materials covered by group H10K85/00
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- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
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- H10K50/10—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED]
- H10K50/11—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers
- H10K50/12—OLEDs or polymer light-emitting diodes [PLED] characterised by the electroluminescent [EL] layers comprising dopants
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- H10K71/135—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating using printing techniques, e.g. ink-jet printing or screen printing using ink-jet printing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an ink composition for an organic light emitting device and an organic light emitting device.
- Organic light-emitting elements are expected as display elements that use a light-emitting material that emits light when an electric current is passed and have the possibility of being thinner than liquid crystal or plasma.
- a typical example of such an organic light emitting device is an electroluminescence device.
- Organic light-emitting elements generally have a laminated structure.
- an organic light-emitting element in which an anode, a light-emitting layer containing a light-emitting material, and a cathode are laminated in an essential layer structure is known.
- An organic light emitting device having a layer structure in which a hole transport layer is provided between the anode and the light emitting layer and an electron transport layer is provided between the cathode and the light emitting layer is also known.
- an organic light emitting element has a mechanism in which light is emitted by holes generated from an anode and electrons generated from a cathode moving between layers and being combined in a light emitting layer. For this reason, in order to perform appropriate light emission, it is indispensable that the movement of a stable hole and electron is performed in the interface of the layer adjacent to a light emitting layer. Therefore, a high degree of smoothness is required at the interface.
- the light-emitting layer is composed mainly of a light-emitting material, but the light-emitting material itself has a high crystallinity and many orientations, and is often poorly soluble in a solvent.
- the luminescent material is deposited on the layer to be deposited, or by applying a solution or dispersion containing the luminescent material on the adjacent layer by a wet method and drying, a high degree of smoothness without irregularities and pinholes is achieved. Actually, it is difficult to obtain a light emitting layer having the same.
- Patent Document 1 in an organic light-emitting element ink containing a light-emitting material, a binder resin, and a solvent, examples of the binder resin include styrene and / or 1,4-polyisoprene, polynorbornene, polystyrene, polyethylene, and the like.
- the binder resin include styrene and / or 1,4-polyisoprene, polynorbornene, polystyrene, polyethylene, and the like.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ink composition for an organic light emitting device suitable for forming a light emitting layer by a wet method, in which a light emitting layer having better smoothness can be easily obtained. is there.
- Another object is to provide an organic light emitting device in which a light emitting layer is formed by a wet process and has both excellent smoothness and excellent light emitting characteristics.
- the present inventors have intensively studied and, as a result, do not use a styrenic polymer as described in Patent Document 1 as a binder resin, but have a highly branched structure and a higher molecular weight.
- a binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer of a monovinyl compound having a styrene monomer as an essential component and a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds the above-mentioned problems are solved.
- the present inventors have found what can be done and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention has a weight average absolute molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography using a light emitting material and a multi-angle laser light scattering detector in the range of 200,000 to 800,000, and a degree of branching determined from the radius of inertia.
- an ink composition for an organic light-emitting device comprising a binder resin and a solvent.
- the present invention includes an anode, a light emitting layer, and a cathode, and the light emitting layer has a weight average absolute molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography using a light emitting material and a multi-angle laser light scattering detector.
- a monovinyl compound having a styrene monomer as an essential component and an ethylenically unsaturated double bond of 2 or more, and the degree of branching determined from the radius of inertia is in the range of 0.20 to 0.55.
- an organic light-emitting device comprising a binder resin containing a polyfunctional vinyl compound and a multi-branched copolymer.
- the binder resin contains a binder resin containing a highly branched structure having a highly branched structure and a styrene-based multi-branched copolymer.
- the organic light emitting device of the present invention contains a binder resin containing a highly branched styrene-based multi-branched copolymer having a highly branched structure as a binder resin, and has a high degree of smoothness. Since the light emitting layer is obtained, it is particularly remarkable that an organic light emitting element having both excellent smoothness and excellent light emitting characteristics can be obtained as compared with an organic light emitting element having a light emitting layer containing a conventional binder resin. Has a technical effect.
- FIG. 1 is a chromatogram of molecular weight measurement by GPC-MALLS of a binder resin.
- FIG. 2 is a graph showing the degree of branching of the binder resin containing the multi-branched copolymer from a linear gradient of a log-log graph plotted with the weight average absolute molecular weight as the X axis and the inertial radius as the Y axis. It is.
- the ink composition for an organic light emitting device contains a light emitting material, a binder resin containing a specific polymer as described above containing a styrene monomer as an essential component, and a solvent. Since the ink composition for organic light emitting devices of the present invention contains a light emitting material, it is used in principle for forming a light emitting layer of an organic light emitting device.
- the light emitting material has a function of directly or indirectly contributing to light emission using holes and electrons in the light emitting layer.
- emission includes emission by fluorescence and emission by phosphorescence.
- the luminescent material includes a host material and a dopant material.
- the host material usually has a function of transporting holes and electrons injected into the light emitting layer.
- the host material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above functions. Host materials are classified into high molecular host materials and low molecular host materials.
- low molecule means that having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 5,000 or less.
- polymer means a polymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of more than 5,000.
- weight average molecular weight (Mw) employs a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard substance.
- the polymer host material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include poly (9-vinylcarbazole) (PVK), polyfluorene (PF), polyphenylene vinylene (PPV), and copolymers containing these monomer units.
- PVK poly (9-vinylcarbazole)
- PF polyfluorene
- PPV polyphenylene vinylene
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer host material is preferably more than 5,000 and less than 5,000,000, and more preferably more than 5,000 and less than 1,000,000.
- the low molecular host material is not particularly limited, but 4,4′-bis (9H-carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl (CBP), bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolate) -4- (phenylphenolate) Aluminum (BAlq), 1,3-dicarbazolylbenzene (mCP), 4,4′-bis (9-carbazolyl) -2,2′-dimethylbiphenyl (CDBP), N, N′-dicarbazolyl-1, 4-dimethylbenzene (DCB), 2,7-bis (diphenylphosphine oxide) -9,9-dimethylfluorescene (P06), 3,5-bis (9-carbazolyl) tetraphenylsilane (SimCP), 1, 3-bis (triphenylsilyl) benzene (UGH3), 1,3,5-tris [4- (diphenylamino) phenyl] benzene (T APB), 9,9 '- (p-tert-
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the low molecular weight host material is preferably 100 to 5,000, and more preferably 300 to 5,000.
- a low molecular weight host material is preferably used as the host material, and 4,4′-bis (9H-carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl (CBP), bis (2-methyl-8- More preferably, quinolinolate) -4- (phenylphenolato) aluminum (BAlq), 9,9 ′-(p-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3-biscarbazole is used, and 4,4′-bis (9H It is more preferable to use -carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl (CBP), 9,9 '-(p-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3-biscarbazole.
- CBP 4,4′-bis (9H-carbazol-9-yl) biphenyl
- BAlq phenylphenolato aluminum
- the above host materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the host material is preferably 0.1 to 10% by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the ink composition for an organic light emitting device.
- the content of the host material is 0.1% by mass or more, it is preferable because the intermolecular distance between the host molecule and the dopant molecule can be shortened.
- the content of the host material is 10% by mass or less, it is preferable because a decrease in quantum yield can be suppressed.
- the dopant material has a function of emitting light by using energy obtained by recombining transported holes and electrons.
- the dopant material is not particularly limited as long as it has the above functions.
- the dopant material is usually classified into a high molecular dopant material and a low molecular dopant material.
- the polymer dopant material is not particularly limited, but polyphenylene violene (PPV), cyano polyphenylene vinylene (CN-PPV), poly (fluorenylene ethynylene) (PFE), polyfluorene (PFO), polythiophene polymer, polypyridine. , And copolymers containing these monomer units.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer dopant material is preferably more than 5,000 and less than 5,000,000, and more preferably more than 5,000 and less than 1,000,000.
- the low molecular dopant material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include fluorescent materials and phosphorescent materials.
- fluorescent light-emitting material examples include naphthalene, perylene, pyrene, chrysene, anthracene, coumarin, p-bis (2-phenylethenyl) benzene, quinacridone, coumarin, aluminum complexes such as Al (C 9 H 6 NO) 3, etc.
- rubrene perimidone, dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-6- (p-dimethylaminostyryl) -4H-pyran (DCM), benzopyran, rhodamine, benzothioxanthene, azabenzothioxanthene, and derivatives thereof. .
- Examples of the phosphorescent material include a complex containing a central metal of Groups 7 to 11 of the periodic table and an aromatic ligand coordinated to the central metal.
- Examples of the central metal of Group 7 to Group 11 of the periodic table include ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, gold, platinum, silver, and copper. Of these, the central metal is preferably iridium.
- the ligand examples include phenylpyridine, p-tolylpyridine, thienylpyridine, difluorophenylpyridine, phenylisoquinoline, fluorenopyridine, fluorenoquinoline, acetylacetone, and derivatives thereof.
- the ligand is preferably phenylpyridine, p-tolylpyridine, and derivatives thereof, and more preferably p-tolylpyridine and derivatives thereof.
- Specific phosphorescent materials include tris (2-phenylpyridine) iridium (Ir (ppy) 3 ), tris (2-phenylpyridine) ruthenium, tris (2-phenylpyridine) palladium, bis (2-phenylpyridine) Platinum, tris (2-phenylpyridine) osmium, tris (2-phenylpyridine) rhenium, tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] iridium (Ir (mppy) 3 ), tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine ] Ruthenium, tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] palladium, tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] platinum, tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] osmium, tris [2- (p-tolyl) ) Pyridine] rhenium, octaethylplatinum porphyrin, octaphenyl
- the dopant material is preferably a low molecular dopant material, more preferably a phosphorescent material, and tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] iridium (Ir (mppy) 3 ). More preferably.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the low molecular dopant material is preferably 100 to 5,000, and more preferably 100 to 3,000.
- the above dopant materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the content of the dopant material is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass and more preferably 0.01 to 5% by mass with respect to the total amount of the ink composition for an organic light emitting device.
- the content of the dopant material is 0.01% by mass or more, the emission intensity can be increased, which is preferable.
- the content of the dopant material is 10% by mass or less because a decrease in quantum yield can be suppressed.
- the light emitting material it is preferable to use a low molecular light emitting material from the viewpoint that higher luminous efficiency can be obtained, and among them, a low molecular light emitting material having an aromatic ring structure is more preferable.
- a low-molecular host material and a low-molecular dopant material it is more preferable to use a low-molecular host material and a low-molecular dopant material, and tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] iridium (Ir (mppy) 3 ) and 9,9 ′-(p-tert More preferably, -butylphenyl) -1,3-biscarbazole is used.
- Binder resin The binder resin in the present invention has a weight average absolute molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography using a multi-angle laser light scattering detector in the range of 200,000 to 800,000 and a degree of branching determined from the radius of inertia of 0.1.
- Binder resin comprising a multi-branched copolymer of a monovinyl compound having a styrene monomer as an essential component and a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds in the range of 20 to 0.55 It is.
- this multi-branched copolymer those which are soluble in a solvent described later are preferably used.
- the weight average absolute molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography using a multi-angle laser light scattering detector used in the present invention is in the range of 200,000 to 800,000, and the degree of branching determined from the radius of inertia is 0.20 to
- a multi-branched copolymer of a monovinyl compound having a styrene monomer as an essential component in a range of 0.55 and a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds has been conventionally used for organic light emission.
- linear polystyrene, block copolymer of styrene and other comonomer, and graft copolymer of styrene monomer and other comonomer that have been used for the formation of the element are described above. A distinction is made in terms of molecular weight range and branching range.
- a known and commonly used copolymer of a monovinyl compound containing a styrenic monomer as an essential component and a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds has a higher molecular weight than conventional ones.
- the weight average absolute molecular weight determined by gel permeation chromatography using a multi-angle laser light scattering detector indicating a high degree of branching is in the range of 200,000 to 800,000, and the degree of branching determined from the radius of inertia is 0.
- a copolymer in the range of 20 to 0.55 may be selected and used.
- a copolymer of a monovinyl compound containing a styrene monomer as an essential component and a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is composed of a monovinyl compound containing a styrene monomer as an essential component, It can be easily obtained by radical copolymerization with a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more saturated double bonds.
- styrene monomer examples include the following. Styrene and its derivatives; for example, styrene, methyl styrene, dimethyl styrene, trimethyl styrene, ethyl styrene, diethyl styrene, triethyl styrene, propyl styrene, butyl styrene, hexyl styrene, heptyl styrene, alkyl styrene such as octyl styrene, fluorostyrene, chlorostyrene , Halogenated styrene such as bromostyrene, dibromostyrene and iodostyrene, nitrostyrene, acetylstyrene, methoxystyrene and the like. These can be used alone.
- the monovinyl compound may be composed of only the above-described styrene monomer, but may be a mixture of a styrene monomer and another monovinyl compound.
- Monovinyl compounds other than styrenic monomers may be those having an olefinic double bond copolymerizable with styrenic monomers, such as olefins such as ethylene, propylene, and butylene, acrylonitrile, and (meth) acrylonitrile.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylene such as vinyl, (meth) acrylic acid ester such as butyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylic acid such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid
- acrylic acid ester such as butyl (meth) acrylate, methyl (meth) acrylate
- acrylic acid such as acrylic acid and methacrylic acid
- maleic anhydride fumaric acid
- monomers containing one or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds such as imide monomers such as unsaturated carboxylic acid (organic acid anhydride), phenylmaleimide and cyclohexylmaleimide.
- imide monomers such as unsaturated carboxylic acid (organic acid anhydride), phenylmaleimide and cyclohexylmaleimide.
- the ratio of the styrene monomer to the other monovinyl compound is not particularly limited, and can be 50 to 100 mol% of the styrene monomer and 50 to 0 mol% of the other monovinyl compound.
- the monovinyl compound as an essential component contains at least one ethylenically unsaturated double bond selected from the group consisting of olefin, (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid, and organic acid anhydride.
- Other monovinyl compounds such as monomers are not included, and those composed only of styrenic monomers have more luminous characteristics such as current efficiency, as will be described later, in the binder resin containing the obtained multibranched copolymer. It is preferable because it is excellent.
- examples of the polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds include divinyl aromatic compounds typified by divinylbenzene, aliphatics and fats typified by ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, and the like. Examples thereof include cyclic (meth) acrylate.
- a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds it is preferable to use a higher molecular weight compound than a relatively low molecular weight compound as described above. When it is copolymerized with a monovinyl compound, gelation is unlikely to occur, and a high molecular weight copolymer tends to be obtained more easily.
- a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more high molecular weight ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is also called a multibranched macromonomer.
- a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more suitable ethylenically unsaturated double bonds for example, a polyfunctional vinyl having a weight average molecular weight of 1000 to 15000 and containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds.
- Such polyfunctional vinyl compounds containing two or more high molecular weight ethylenically unsaturated double bonds include, for example, JP2003-292707, JP2004-123873, JP2005-213443, and WO2009 / 110453.
- the method can be obtained according to the method disclosed in JP2013-100197A.
- Examples of the polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more high molecular weight ethylenically unsaturated double bonds include those obtained by any of the methods (1) to (7).
- a multi-branched self-condensation polycondensate obtained by nucleophilic substitution reaction of an AB2 type monomer having an active methylene group and bromine, chlorine, methylsulfonyloxy group or tosyloxy group in one molecule As a precursor, it is obtained by introducing a polymerizable double bond by nucleophilic substitution reaction of unreacted active methylene group or methine group remaining in the polycondensate with chloromethylstyrene, bromomethylstyrene or the like.
- Polyfunctional vinyl compound obtained by nucleophilic substitution reaction of an AB2 type monomer having an active methylene group and bromine, chlorine, methylsulfonyloxy group or tosyloxy group in one molecule
- a monocarboxylic acid having a compound having one or more hydroxyl groups, a carbon atom adjacent to the carboxyl group being a saturated carbon atom, all hydrogen atoms on the carbon atom being substituted, and two or more hydroxyl groups By reacting, a multi-branched polymer having a branched structure formed by repeating a structural unit having an ester bond is reacted with acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, an isocyanate group-containing acrylic compound, 4-chloromethylstyrene, etc. And a polyfunctional vinyl compound obtained by introducing a polymerizable double bond.
- a multibranched polymer is obtained by reacting a compound having one or more hydroxyl groups with a compound containing two or more hydroxyl groups and a halogen atom, —SO 2 OCH 3 , —OSO 2 CH 3 ,
- a polyfunctional vinyl compound obtained by reacting acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, an isocyanate group-containing acrylic compound, 4-chloromethylstyrene or the like with a hydroxyl group as a terminal group of the polymer to introduce a polymerizable double bond.
- Acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, isocyanate group-containing acrylic compound, 4-chloromethylstyrene, etc. are reacted with a PAMAM dendrimer in which the amide bond has a repeating structure through a nitrogen atom, and a polymerizable double bond is introduced.
- styrene and optionally other copolymerizable monovinyl compounds were obtained by cationic copolymerization in the presence of a promoter selected from Lewis acid catalysts and ester compounds.
- a polyfunctional vinyl compound obtained by introducing a polymerizable double bond.
- the polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds having a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000. It is preferable when obtaining the multibranched copolymer mentioned later so that it may not gel.
- the polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds includes a polymer structure having a branched structure formed by repeating structural units having an ester bond, an ether bond or an amide bond, and a branched terminal.
- a polyfunctional vinyl compound having two or more polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated double bonds per molecule is preferred.
- a binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer used in (1) can be obtained.
- a binder resin comprising a mixture of each polymer containing a corresponding low-branched copolymer and a linear copolymer of a monovinyl compound containing a styrene monomer as an essential component is obtained.
- polystyrene monomers can be applied to the polymerization reaction.
- the polymerization method is not particularly limited, but bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, or solution polymerization is preferable. Among these, continuous bulk polymerization is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of production efficiency.
- thermal polymerization can be performed without using a polymerization initiator, it is preferable to use various radical polymerization initiators.
- what is used for manufacture of a normal polystyrene can be used for polymerization adjuvants, such as a suspending agent and an emulsifier required for superposition
- an organic solvent may be added to the reaction system.
- the organic solvent include toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, acetonitrile, benzene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, and anisole. , Cyanobenzene, dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, methyl ethyl ketone and the like.
- the radical polymerization initiator is not particularly limited.
- 1,1-bis (t-butylperoxy) cyclohexane 2,2-bis (t-butylperoxy) butane, 2,2-bis (4 , 4-di-butylperoxycyclohexyl) propane and other peroxyketals, cumene hydroperoxide, hydroperoxides such as t-butyl hydroperoxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, di -Dialkyl peroxides such as t-hexyl peroxide, diacyl peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide and disinamoyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxybenzoate, di-t-butyl peroxyisophthalate, t-butyl peroxide Pars such as oxy isopropyl monocarbonate Xyesters, N, N′-azobisisobutylnitrile, N, N′-azobis
- a chain transfer agent may be added so that the molecular weight of the resulting multibranched copolymer does not become excessively large.
- a chain transfer agent either a monofunctional chain transfer agent having one chain transfer group or a polyfunctional chain transfer agent having a plurality of chain transfer groups can be used.
- the monofunctional chain transfer agent include alkyl mercaptans and thioglycolic acid esters.
- Polyfunctional chain transfer agents include ethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, sorbitol and the like, wherein the hydroxy group is thioglycolic acid or 3-mercaptopropionic acid. And the like esterified with.
- long chain alcohols polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyethylene lauryl ethers, polyoxyoleyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkenyl ethers, and the like can be used to suppress gel formation in the resin composition obtained. .
- the solvent used for the preparation can be added and dissolved to obtain a binder resin solution.
- the binder resin may be composed of only the multi-branched copolymer (100%) as described above, but in addition, the binder resin is a direct component of a monovinyl compound containing a styrene monomer as an essential component. A chain copolymer may be contained. This linear copolymer is also soluble in a solvent described later.
- the copolymer may be a binder resin or a mixture having an arbitrary mixing ratio obtained by mixing the copolymers separately polymerized in advance, but a monovinyl compound containing a styrene monomer as an essential component, and an ethylenically unsaturated group.
- a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more double bonds is preferably used as the binder resin.
- the multibranched copolymer and the linear copolymer are uniformly dispersed and mixed, but unlike a simple mixture that is not entangled at the molecular level, the multibranched copolymer and It is a binder resin in which the linear copolymer is uniformly dispersed and mixed at the molecular level, and the two are intertwined. Compared with the same monomer composition, it cannot be expressed in the former simple mixture, and is particularly excellent. Furthermore, it is preferable because it exhibits mechanical properties such as coating film flexibility, strength, viscoelasticity and the like.
- the above-described specific viscoelasticity greatly improves the discharge property of ink droplets.
- a low-molecular light-emitting material containing an aromatic ring structure is used as the light-emitting material, the structural affinity and stericity of the aromatic ring due to the styrene monomer contained in the multi-branched copolymer Based on the good packing property, the coating film smoothness in the light emitting layer is greatly improved.
- the molecular weight of the binder resin containing the multi-branched copolymer can be obtained from gel permeation chromatography (hereinafter abbreviated as GPC-MALLS) using a multi-angle laser light scattering detector, and is obtained by weight average. It is called absolute molecular weight.
- GPC-MALLS gel permeation chromatography
- the binder resin suitable for the preparation of the ink composition of the present invention has a weight average absolute molecular weight in the range of 200,000 to 800,000.
- the molecular weight of the binder resin containing the multibranched copolymer and the linear copolymer is measured by GPC-MALLS, for example, a chromatogram as shown in FIG. 1 is obtained.
- the peak on the low molecular weight side is P1
- the peak on the high molecular weight side is P2.
- the peak P2 is a peak mainly based on the multi-branched copolymer
- the peak P1 is a peak mainly based on the linear copolymer or the low-branched copolymer.
- the content ratio of the multibranched copolymer and the other copolymer in the binder resin can be estimated from the area ratio of both peaks.
- the weight average absolute molecular weight but also the radius of inertia is obtained from the GPC-MALLS chromatogram of the binder resin containing the multi-branched copolymer.
- branching of the binder resin containing the multibranched copolymer is obtained from a linear gradient of a log-log graph plotted with the weight average absolute molecular weight as the X axis and the inertial radius as the Y axis. Degree can be obtained.
- the slope in the region of molecular weight of 250,000 to 10 million in this logarithmic graph is 0.20 to 0.55 in terms of expressing the coating film smoothness and light emitting characteristics of the light emitting layer in an excellent balance. Most preferred. Within this range, the physical properties are not closer to those of the linear copolymer, and the fluidity is less likely to decrease due to an increase in molecular weight accompanying an increase in the degree of branching.
- the content of the double bond directly bonded to the aromatic ring introduced into the polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds is a polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds.
- the amount is 0.1 mmol to 5.5 mmol per gram, a high molecular weight multibranched copolymer can be obtained more easily, and the molecular weight of the obtained multibranched copolymer is less likely to increase excessively.
- 0.5 mmol to 3.5 mmol is more preferable.
- the binder resin includes not only the multi-branched copolymer, but also a low-branched copolymer, a linear copolymer of a monovinyl compound having a styrene monomer as an essential component, and / or various polymers different from those described above. It may be included. Examples of such a polymer include a polyester resin and a polyurethane resin.
- the light emitting material and the binder resin non-volatile content may be contained in any ratio, but the light emitting material is usually converted in terms of mass in terms of excellent smoothness of the coating film and appropriate light emitting characteristics.
- the binder resin nonvolatile content per 100 parts is preferably 10 to 1000 parts, and more preferably 10 to 100 parts.
- solvent A solvent is used for preparing the ink composition for an organic light-emitting device of the present invention.
- a solvent that can dissolve a binder resin containing a multibranched copolymer is preferably used.
- This solvent is not particularly limited, and known solvents can be used. Specific examples include aromatic solvents, alkane solvents, ether solvents, alcohol solvents, ester solvents, amide solvents, other solvents, and the like.
- aromatic solvent examples include toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, mesitylene, cyclohexylbenzene, tetralin, diphenylmethane, dimethoxybenzene, phenetole, methoxytoluene, 2,3-dimethylanisole, anisole, methylanisole, dimethylanisole, phenylacetate, propion Examples thereof include phenyl acid, methyl benzoate, ethyl benzoate, propyl benzoate, and butyl benzoate.
- alkane solvent examples include pentane, hexane, octane, and cyclohexane.
- Examples of the ether solvent include dioxane, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, ethylene glycol diethyl ether, propylene glycol-1-monomethyl ether acetate, and tetrahydrofuran.
- Examples of the alcohol solvent include methanol, ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, and the like.
- Examples of the ester solvent include ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, ethyl lactate, and butyl lactate.
- Examples of the amide solvent include N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide and the like.
- Examples of the other solvent include dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone, chloroform, methylene chloride and the like.
- solvents are aromatic. It is preferable to use a solvent, and has a boiling point of 100 ° C.
- aromatic solvent such as toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, anisole, mesitylene, 2-methylanisole, tetralin, cyclohexylbenzene, etc.
- aromatic solvent having a boiling point of 200 ° C. or higher such as tetralin or cyclohexylbenzene.
- various surfactants can be added as necessary in addition to the light-emitting material, the binder resin, and the solvent.
- a surfactant for example, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant can be used.
- low molecular type or high molecular type (polymer type) fluorine type or silicone type surfactants can also be used.
- the viscosity of the ink composition for an organic light-emitting element is preferably 1 to 50 mPa ⁇ s, and more preferably 1 to 10 mPa ⁇ s. It is preferable for the viscosity of the ink composition for an organic light-emitting element to be 1 mPa ⁇ s or more because generation of waviness can be suitably prevented when the coating film is dried. On the other hand, it is preferable that the viscosity of the ink composition for an organic light-emitting device is 50 mPa ⁇ s or less because application can be easily performed and productivity can be improved.
- the ink composition for an organic light-emitting device of the present invention for ink jet recording it is preferable to prepare the ink so that its viscosity is 1 to 20 mPa in order to ensure sufficient dischargeability.
- a value measured by a rotary viscometer is adopted as the value of “viscosity”.
- the method for producing the ink composition for an organic light emitting device is not particularly limited, but (1) a solution or dispersion liquid containing a binder resin and a solvent is prepared, and then the solution or dispersion liquid is prepared.
- a method of adding a luminescent material (2) a method of preparing a solution or dispersion containing a luminescent material and a solvent, and then adding a binder resin to the solution or dispersion; (3) a solution or a solution containing a binder resin and a solvent; Examples thereof include a method of preparing a dispersion and a solution or dispersion containing a luminescent material and a solvent, and mixing these solutions or dispersions.
- the coarse particles are usually removed by centrifugation or filter filtration in any step of ink preparation.
- the light emitting material, the binder resin, the solvent, and the like used a high-purity product that does not contain impurities and ionic components as much as possible.
- the light-emitting layer is used as a central layer and is determined between the outer layers. It is preferable in order to obtain an excellent organic light-emitting element that exhibits its functions sufficiently and has high reliability even after long-term continuous use.
- the ink for ink jet recording thus obtained can be used in various commonly used on-demand printers such as a piezo method and a thermal method, for example, in a known ink jet recording method printer.
- an organic light emitting device including an anode, a light emitting layer, and a cathode is provided.
- the organic light emitting device may include one or more other layers such as a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an electron transport layer, and an electron injection layer.
- the well-known thing of the sealing member may be included.
- the anode is not particularly limited, and metals such as gold (Au), copper iodide (CuI), indium tin oxide (ITO), tin oxide (SnO 2 ), zinc oxide (ZnO), and the like can be used. These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the film thickness of the anode is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 1000 nm, and more preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- the anode can be formed by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. At this time, pattern formation may be performed by a photolithography method or a method using a mask.
- the hole injection layer is an optional component in the organic light emitting device and has a function of taking holes from the anode. Normally, holes taken from the anode are transported to the hole transport layer or the light emitting layer.
- the material that can be used for the hole injection layer is not particularly limited, but a phthalocyanine buffer layer such as copper phthalocyanine; an oxide buffer layer such as vanadium oxide; an amorphous carbon buffer layer; polyaniline (emeraldine), poly (3,4) And a polymer buffer layer such as -ethylenedioxythiophene) -poly (styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT-PSS). These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the hole injection layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
- the hole transport layer is an optional component in the organic light emitting device and has a function of efficiently transporting holes.
- the hole transport layer may have a function of preventing hole transport.
- the hole transport layer usually takes holes from the anode or the hole injection layer and transports the holes to the light emitting layer.
- the material that can be used for the hole transport layer is not particularly limited, but TPD (N, N′-diphenyl-N, N′-di (3-methylphenyl) -1,1′-biphenyl-4,4 ′ Diamine), ⁇ -NPD (4,4′-bis [N- (1-naphthyl) -N-phenylamino] biphenyl), m-MTDATA (4,4 ′, 4 ′′ -tris (3-methylphenylphenyl) Low molecular triphenylamine derivatives such as amino) triphenylamine); polyvinylcarbazole; polymer compounds obtained by polymerizing a triphenylamine derivative represented by the following chemical formula HT-2 by introducing a polymerizable substituent. These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the film thickness of the hole transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 nm to 5 ⁇ m, more preferably 5 nm to 1 ⁇ m, and further preferably 10 to 500 nm.
- the hole transport layer may be a single layer or a laminate of two or more.
- the hole transport layer can be usually formed by a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, an LB method, or the like.
- the light emitting layer has a function of causing light emission by using energy generated by recombination of holes and electrons injected into the light emitting layer.
- the light emitting layer is formed using the ink composition for an organic light emitting device of the present invention, it usually contains the above-described light emitting material and binder resin.
- the mixing ratio of the light emitting material and the binder resin non-volatile content is not particularly limited. However, when the amount of the binder resin is 10 to 100 parts per 100 parts of the light emitting material in terms of mass, the obtained organic light emitting device is as described above. It is preferable because it exhibits excellent characteristics.
- the light emitting layer has a light emitting layer formed from a known ink composition for organic light emitting elements, a light emitting layer formed by vapor deposition, and the like together with a light emitting layer formed from the ink composition for organic light emitting elements of the present invention. You may do it.
- the thickness of the light emitting layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 to 100 nm, and more preferably 2 to 20 nm.
- the light emitting layer can be usually formed by applying the ink composition for an organic light emitting device of the present invention and drying the obtained coating film.
- the coating method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an ink jet printing method, a letterpress reverse printing method, a gravure offset printing method, a screen printing method, and a nozzle print printing method.
- an ink jet printing method a letterpress reverse printing method
- a gravure offset printing method a screen printing method
- a nozzle print printing method In order to obtain a light-emitting layer that is thinner, has a narrower film thickness distribution, is smoother, and has a narrower line and space (L / S), it is more preferable to employ a relief printing method.
- the electron transport layer is an optional component in the organic light emitting device and has a function of efficiently transporting electrons.
- the electron transport layer can have a function of preventing electron transport.
- the electron transport layer usually takes electrons from the cathode or the electron injection layer and transports the electrons to the light emitting layer.
- a material that can be used for the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but tris (8-quinolylato) aluminum (Alq), tris (4-methyl-8-quinolinolato) aluminum (Almq3), bis (10-hydroxybenzo [h ] Quinolinate) having a quinoline skeleton such as beryllium (BeBq2), bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinolato) (p-phenylphenolate) aluminum (BAlq), bis (8-quinolinolato) zinc (Znq), or a benzoquinoline skeleton Metal complexes; metal complexes having a benzoxazoline skeleton such as bis [2- (2′-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazolate] zinc (Zn (BOX) 2); bis [2- (2′-hydroxyphenyl) benzothia Zolato] Zinc (Zn (BTZ) 2) benzothiazoly Metal complexes having a skeleton; 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-tert
- the thickness of the electron transport layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 5 nm to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 5 to 200 nm.
- the electron transport layer may be a single layer or a laminate of two or more.
- the electron transport layer can be usually formed by a vacuum deposition method, a spin coating method, a casting method, an ink jet method, an LB method, or the like.
- the electron injection layer is an optional component in the organic light emitting device and has a function of taking electrons from the cathode. Usually, electrons taken from the cathode are transported to the electron transport layer or the light emitting layer.
- the material that can be used for the electron injection layer is not particularly limited, but a metal buffer layer such as strontium or aluminum; an alkali metal compound buffer layer such as lithium fluoride; an alkaline earth metal compound buffer layer such as magnesium fluoride; Examples thereof include an oxide buffer layer such as aluminum. These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the thickness of the electron injection layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 nm to 5 ⁇ m.
- cathode examples include, but are not limited to, lithium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium / aluminum mixture, magnesium / indium mixture, aluminum / aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ) mixture, rare earth metal, and the like. . These materials may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the cathode can be usually formed by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the film thickness of the cathode is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 1000 nm, and more preferably 10 to 200 nm.
- An organic light emitting device including a light emitting layer formed using the ink composition for an organic light emitting device of the present invention can suitably prevent undulation of the formed light emitting layer. Thereby, the obtained organic light emitting device has high performance such as prevention of luminance unevenness.
- the reaction mixture was further stirred at 120 ° C. for 3 hours and then cooled to room temperature.
- the resulting multi-branched polyether polyol had a weight average molecular weight of 3,000 and a hydroxyl value of 530 (branching agent 1).
- the mixture was cooled once, 36 g of acetic anhydride and 5.7 g of sulfamic acid were added, and the mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 10 hours. Thereafter, in order to remove the remaining acetic acid and hydroquinone, it was washed with 50 g of 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution four times, and further washed once with 50 g of 1% aqueous sulfuric acid solution and twice with 50 g of water.
- the obtained organic layer 0.02 g of methoquinone was added, the solvent was distilled off while introducing 7% oxygen-containing nitrogen (v / v) under reduced pressure, and 60 g of a multibranched polyether having an isopropenyl group and an acetyl group was obtained. Obtained.
- the obtained multi-branched polyether had a weight average molecular weight of 3,900, and the introduction rate of isopropenyl group and acetyl group into the multi-branched polyether polyol was 30 mol% and 62 mol%, respectively High molecular weight polyfunctional vinyl compound 1) containing two or more saturated double bonds.
- ⁇ Preparation Example 2 Example of preparation of high molecular weight polyfunctional vinyl compound containing two or more ethylenically unsaturated double bonds 7% oxygen introduction tube, thermometer, Dean-Stark decanter equipped with condenser, and reaction vessel equipped with stirrer and multi-branched polyester While adding 10 g of polyol “Bolton H20”, 1.25 g of dibutyltin oxide, 100 g of methyl methacrylate having an isopropenyl group as a functional group, and 0.05 g of hydroquinone, 7% oxygen was blown into the mixed solution at a rate of 3 ml / min. And heated with stirring.
- the obtained multibranched polyester had a mass average molecular weight of 2860 and a number average molecular weight of 3770, and the introduction ratios of isopropenyl group and acetyl group into the multibranched polyester polyol were 55% and 40%, respectively High molecular weight polyfunctional vinyl compound 2) containing two or more saturated double bonds.
- ⁇ Synthesis Example 1> A mixed solution comprising 90 parts of styrene monomer, 700 ppm of the high molecular weight polyfunctional vinyl compound 1 obtained in Preparation Example 1 above and 10 parts of toluene with respect to the styrene monomer was prepared. Binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer by adding 200 ppm of oxybenzoate to the styrene monomer and performing solution polymerization until the unreacted styrene monomer is substantially not detected while gradually raising the temperature at 110 to 160 ° C. 1 was obtained.
- each of the binder resins 1 to 3 in Synthesis Examples 1 to 3 contained a linear copolymer of a monovinyl compound containing a styrene monomer as an essential component.
- a binder resin 4 containing a linear copolymer was obtained in the same manner as in Synthesis Example 1 except that 90 parts of styrene monomer and 10 parts of toluene and a peroxide were replaced with no addition.
- GPC-MALLS measurement GPC-MALS measurement for each non-volatile content of the binder resin in each of the above synthesis examples and comparative synthesis examples was performed using Shodex HPLC, detector Wyatt Technology DAWN EOS, Shodex RI-101, column Shodex KF-806L ⁇ 2, solvent THF, flow rate 1 The test was performed at a rate of 0.0 ml / min.
- the analysis of GPC-MALLS measurement was performed using analysis software ASTRA manufactured by Wyatt, and the weight average absolute molecular weight of each binder resin was obtained, and the molecular weight of the binder resin obtained from GPC-MALLS was plotted on the horizontal axis (X axis ), Slope in the region of molecular weight 250,000 to 10 million in the logarithmic graph with the radius of inertia as the vertical axis (Y-axis) (based on the measured value of only the linear portion obtained in the molecular weight range, The degree of branching was calculated from the slope of the approximate straight line automatically calculated in (1).
- Example 1 ⁇ Manufacture of ink composition for organic light emitting device>
- 0.01 g of tris [2- (p-tolyl) pyridine] iridium (Ir (mppy) 3) (manufactured by Lumtec) and 0.09 g of 9,9 ′-(p-tert-butylphenyl) -1, 3-Biscarbazole H-1 (manufactured by DIC Corporation) was mixed with 9 g of tetralin and dissolved by heating. The obtained solution was cooled to room temperature, and 0.03 g of the binder resin 1 non-volatile content prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was added.
- Example 2 An IJ ink composition 2 for an organic light-emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the non-volatile content of the binder resin 1 prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the non-volatile content of the binder resin 2 prepared in Synthesis Example 2. did.
- Example 3 An IJ ink composition 3 for an organic light-emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the non-volatile content of the binder resin 1 prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the non-volatile content of the binder resin 3 prepared in Synthesis Example 3. did.
- Example 1 An IJ ink composition 4 for an organic light emitting device was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the non-volatile content of the binder resin 1 prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was changed to the non-volatile content of the binder resin prepared in the same comparative comparative example. .
- A The unevenness difference is more than 10 nm and not more than 50 nm.
- O The unevenness difference is more than 50 nm and not more than 100 nm.
- ⁇ The unevenness difference is more than 100 nm and not more than 150 nm.
- organic light-emitting devices were prepared using the ink compositions of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, and the current efficiency of the obtained organic light-emitting devices was measured as the light emission characteristics.
- UV / O 3 was irradiated onto the cleaned ITO substrate, and a poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) -poly (styrenesulfonic acid) (PEDOT-PSS) film having a thickness of 45 nm was formed by spin coating.
- the hole injection layer was formed by heating at 180 ° C. for 15 minutes.
- a 0.3 wt% xylene solution of HT-2 represented by the following formula was formed on the hole injection layer by spin coating to a thickness of 10 nm and dried at 200 ° C. for 30 minutes in a nitrogen atmosphere.
- a hole transport layer was formed.
- Luminescence efficiency The organic light emitting device was connected to an external power source and a current of 10 mA was passed, and light emission from the organic light emitting device was measured with BM-9 (manufactured by Topcon Corporation). At this time, the light emission efficiency at 10 mA / cm 2 was calculated from the current value and evaluated according to the following criteria.
- Luminous efficiency is 25 cd / A or more and less than 30 cd / A
- B Luminous efficiency is 20 cd / A or more and less than 25 cd / A
- ⁇ Luminous efficiency is less than 20 cd / A
- the ink composition containing a binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer having a specific molecular weight and a specific degree of branching was more excellent. It is clear that it has excellent film quality (smoothness), better light emission characteristics (current efficiency), and has an appropriate viscosity, so it has excellent ejection properties when applied to an inkjet printer. It is.
- the ink composition containing a binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer having a specific molecular weight and a specific degree of branching is a multi-branched copolymer.
- a binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer having a specific molecular weight and a specific degree of branching is a multi-branched copolymer.
- the ink composition for an organic light-emitting device of the present invention uses a binder resin containing a multi-branched copolymer having a specific molecular weight and a specific degree of branching, which contains polymerized units of styrenic monomers. It is possible to obtain a light emitting layer with better film quality, which was not obtained when a binder resin containing a polymer or a linear copolymer was used.
- the organic light-emitting device thus obtained can be an organic light-emitting device having both superior film quality and excellent light emission characteristics.
- organic light-emitting element is useful for various light-emitting devices such as lighting and displays.
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Abstract
Description
本形態に係る有機発光素子用インク組成物は、発光材料、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とした上記した様な特定重合体を含むバインダー樹脂、および溶媒を含有するものである。本発明の有機発光素子用インク組成物は、発光材料を含むことから、原則として、有機発光素子の発光層の形成に使用される。
発光材料は、発光層において、正孔および電子を利用して行う発光に直接または間接に寄与する機能を有する。なお、本明細書において、「発光」には、蛍光による発光および燐光による発光を含むものとする。
ホスト材料は、通常、発光層に注入された正孔および電子を輸送する機能を有する。
ドーパント材料は、輸送された正孔および電子を再結合することにより得られるエネルギーを利用して発光する機能を有する。
本発明におけるバインダー樹脂は、多角度レーザー光散乱検出器を用いたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィから求められる重量平均絶対分子量が20万~80万の範囲内にあり、かつ慣性半径から求められる分岐度が0.20~0.55の範囲内にある、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物と、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物との多分岐共重合体を含むバインダー樹脂である。この多分岐共重合体としては、好適には後記する溶媒に可溶性のものが用いられる。
本発明の有機発光素子用インク組成物の調製には溶媒が用いられる。溶媒としては、好適には、多分岐共重合体を含有するバインダー樹脂を溶解できるものを用いる。この溶媒は、特に制限されず、公知のものが使用されうる。具体的には、芳香族系溶媒、アルカン系溶媒、エーテル系溶媒、アルコール系溶媒、エステル系溶媒、アミド系溶媒、他の溶媒等が挙げられる。
本発明の一実施形態において、有機発光素子用インク組成物の製造方法は、特に制限されないが、(1)バインダー樹脂および溶媒を含む溶液または分散液を調製し、次いで、当該溶液または分散液に発光材料を添加する方法、(2)発光材料および溶媒を含む溶液または分散液を調製し、次いで、当該溶液または分散液にバインダー樹脂を添加する方法、(3)バインダー樹脂および溶媒を含む溶液または分散液と、発光材料および溶媒を含む溶液または分散液とをそれぞれ調製し、これらの溶液または分散液を混合する方法等が挙げられる。
本発明の一形態によれば、陽極、発光層、および陰極を含む有機発光素子が提供される。なお、前記有機発光素子は、正孔注入層、正孔輸送層、電子輸送層、および電子注入層等の他の層を1以上含んでいてもよい。また、封止部材の公知のものを含んでいてもよい。以下、各構成について詳細に説明する。
陽極としては、特に制限されないが、金(Au)等の金属、ヨウ化銅(CuI)、インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)、酸化スズ(SnO2)、酸化亜鉛(ZnO)等が用いられうる。これらの材料は、単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
正孔注入層は、有機発光素子において任意の構成要素であり、陽極から正孔を取り入れる機能を有する。通常、陽極から取り入れた正孔は、正孔輸送層または発光層に輸送される。
正孔輸送層は、有機発光素子において任意の構成要素であり、正孔を効率に輸送する機能を有する。また、正孔輸送層は、正孔の輸送を防止する機能を有しうる。正孔輸送層は、通常、陽極または正孔注入層から正孔を取り入れ、発光層に正孔を輸送する。
発光層は、発光層に注入された正孔および電子の再結合により生じるエネルギーを利用して発光を生じさせる機能を有する。
電子輸送層は、有機発光素子において任意の構成要素であり、電子を効率に輸送する機能を有する。また、電子輸送層は、電子の輸送を防止する機能を有しうる。電子輸送層は、通常、陰極または電子注入層から電子を取り入れ、発光層に電子を輸送する。
電子注入層は、有機発光素子において任意の構成要素であり、陰極から電子を取り入れる機能を有する。通常、陰極から取り入れた電子は、電子輸送層または発光層に輸送される。
陰極としては、特に制限されないが、リチウム、ナトリウム、マグネシウム、アルミニウム、ナトリウム-カリウム合金、マグネシウム/アルミニウム混合物、マグネシウム/インジウム混合物、アルミニウム/酸化アルミニウム(Al2O3)混合物、希土類金属等が挙げられる。これらの材料は、単独で用いても、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する高分子量多官能ビニル化合物の調製例
攪拌機、温度計、滴下ロート及びコンデンサーを備えた2リットルフラスコに、室温下、エトキシ化ペンタエリスリトール(5モル-エチレンオキシド付加ペンタエリスリトール)50.5g、BF3ジエチルエーテル溶液(50%)1gを加え、110℃に加熱した。これに3-エチル-3-(ヒドロキシメチル)オキセタン450gを、反応による発熱を制御しつつ、25分間でゆっくり加えた。発熱が収まったところで、反応混合物をさらに120℃で3時間撹拌し、その後、室温に冷却した。得られた多分岐ポリエーテルポリオールの重量平均分子量は3,000、水酸基価は530であった(分岐剤1)。
エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する高分子量多官能ビニル化合物の調製例
7%酸素導入管、温度計、コンデンサーを備えたディーンスタークデカンター、および攪拌機を備えた反応容器に、多分岐ポリエステルポリオール「Boltorn H20」10g、ジブチル錫オキシド1.25g、官能基としてイソプロペニル基を有するメチルメタクリレート100g、およびヒドロキノン0.05gを加え、混合溶液中に3ml/分の速度で7%酸素を吹き込みながら、撹拌下に加熱した。デカンターへの留出液量が1時間あたり15~20gになるように加熱量を調節し、1時間ごとにデカンター内の留出液を取り出し、これに相当する量のメチルメタクリレートを加えながら6時間反応させた。
反応終了後、メチルメタクリレートを減圧下で留去し、残っているヒドロキシ基をキャッピングするために無水酢酸10g、スルファミン酸2gを加えて室温下、10時間撹拌した。濾過でスルファミン酸を除去し、減圧下で無水酢酸および酢酸を留去した後に、残留物を酢酸エチル70gに溶解し、ヒドロキノンを除去する為に5%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液20gで4回洗浄した。さらに7%硫酸水溶液20gで2回、水20gで2回洗浄した。得られた有機層にメトキノン0.0045gを加え、減圧下、7%酸素を導入しながら溶媒を留去し、イソプロペニル基およびアセチル基を有する多分岐ポリエステル12gを得た。得られた多分岐ポリエステルの質量平均分子量は2860、数平均分子量は3770であり、多分岐ポリエステルポリオールへのイソプロペニル基およびアセチル基導入率は、それぞれ55%および40%であった(エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する高分子量多官能ビニル化合物2)。
スチレンモノマー 90部、上記調製例1で得られた高分子量多官能ビニル化合物1をスチレンモノマーに対して700ppm、トルエン10部からなる混合溶液を調製し、更に、有機過酸化物としてt-ブチルパーオキシベンゾエートをスチレンモノマーに対して200ppm加え、110~160℃にて段階的に昇温させながら、未反応スチレンモノマーが実質的に検出されなくなるまで溶液重合させ、多分岐共重合体を含むバインダー樹脂1を得た。
上記調製例1で得られた高分子量多官能ビニル化合物1を、同量の調製例2で得られた高分子量多官能ビニル化合物2に代え、スチレンモノマーに対して500ppmにした以外は、上記合成例1と同様にして多分岐共重合体を含むバインダー樹脂2を得た。
スチレンモノマー 85部、アクリル酸ブチル5部、上記調製例1で得られた高分子量多官能ビニル化合物1をモノマー比(スチレンモノマーとアクリル酸ブチル合計量に対して)300ppm、トルエン10部からなる混合溶液に代えた以外は、上記合成例1と同様にして多分岐共重合体を含むバインダー樹脂3を得た。
スチレンモノマー 90部、トルエン10部からなる混合溶液、過酸化物を無添加に代えた以外は上記合成例1と同様にして直鎖共重合体を含むバインダー樹脂4を得た。
上記各合成例及び比較合成例の各バインダー樹脂不揮発分につき、GPC-MALS測定を、Shodex HPLC、検出器Wyatt Technology DAWN EOS、Shodex RI-101、カラムShodex KF-806L×2、溶媒THF、流量1.0ml/minの条件にて行った。また、GPC-MALLSの測定の解析は、Wyatt社の解析ソフトASTRAにより行い、各バインダー樹脂について重量平均絶対分子量を求めた他、GPC-MALLSから求められる該バインダー樹脂の分子量を横軸(X軸)、慣性半径を縦軸(Y軸)とした両対数グラフにおける分子量25万~1000万の領域での傾き(当該分子量範囲で得られた直線状の部分のみの測定値を元に、前記ソフトにて自動計算される近似直線の傾き)から分岐度を求めた。
[実施例1]
0.01gのトリス[2-(p-トリル)ピリジン]イリジウム(Ir(mppy)3)(Lumtec社製)と、0.09gの9,9’-(p-tert-ブチルフェニル)-1,3-ビスカルバゾールH-1(DIC株式会社製)とを、9gのテトラリンに混合して加熱溶解させた。得られた溶液を室温まで冷却し、合成例1で調製したバインダー樹脂1不揮発分を0.03g添加した。次いで、全重量が10gとなるようにテトラリンをさらに添加して、十分に撹拌した。最後に、0.45μmフィルターであるマイショリディスク(東ソー株式会社製)を用いて異物を除去し、有機発光素子用IJインク組成物1を製造した。
合成例1で調製したバインダー樹脂1不揮発分を、同量の合成例2で調製したバインダー樹脂2不揮発分とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機発光素子用IJインク組成物2を製造した。
合成例1で調製したバインダー樹脂1不揮発分を、同量の合成例3で調製したバインダー樹脂3不揮発分とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機発光素子用IJインク組成物3を製造した。
合成例1で調製したバインダー樹脂1不揮発分を、同量の比較合成例で調製したバインダー樹脂不揮発分とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして有機発光素子用IJインク組成物4を製造した。
上記実施例1~3および比較例1で製造した各有機発光素子用IJインク組成物について各種評価を行った。
上記で調製した各有機発光素子用IJインク組成物を、ピエゾ方式ノズルをヘッドに有するインクジェットプリンター(プリンタヘッドは、Nova PH 256/80 AAA Print head)により、被印刷基材としてガラス基板上に吐出を行い、下記評価基準にて、安定的に吐出可能であるか否か確認した。
○:シングルドロップかつサテライトありである
△:ダブルドロップかつサテライトなしである
×:ダブルドロップかつサテライトありである
インジウムスズ酸化物(ITO)基板上に、0.1μLの有機発光素子用IJインク組成物を滴下し、25℃、1Torrで減圧乾燥した。得られた有機薄膜の凸部および凹部の差(凹凸差)を、光干渉表面形状計測装置(株式会社菱化システム製)を用いて測定し、以下の基準に従って評価した。なお、前記凸部とは有機薄膜表面のうち水平面を基準として最も高いものを意味し、前記凹部とは有機薄膜表面のうち水平面を基準として最も低いものを意味する。
○:凹凸差が50nm超100nm以下である
△:凹凸差が100nm超150nm以下である
×:凹凸差が150超である
有機発光素子に対し、外部電源に接続して10mAの電流を流し、有機発光素子からの発光をBM-9(株式会社トプコン製)にて測光した。この際、電流値から10mA/cm2のときの発光効率を算出し、以下の基準に従って評価した。
○:発光効率が20cd/A以上25cd/A未満
△:発光効率が20cd/A未満
Claims (7)
- 発光材料と、多角度レーザー光散乱検出器を用いたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィから求められる重量平均絶対分子量が20万~80万の範囲内にあり、かつ慣性半径から求められる分岐度が0.20~0.55の範囲内にある、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物と、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物との多分岐共重合体を含むバインダー樹脂と、溶媒とを含有することを特徴とする有機発光素子用インク組成物。
- エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物が、重量平均分子量1000~15000の、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物である請求項1記載の有機発光素子用インク組成物。
- バインダー樹脂が、更に、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物の直鎖共重合体を含有する請求項1記載の有機発光素子用インク組成物。
- バインダー樹脂が、質量基準で、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物100部当たり、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物0.01~1部を用いて重合してなる、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物と、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物との多分岐共重合体と、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物の直鎖共重合体とを含有するバインダー樹脂である請求項1記載の有機発光素子用インク組成物。
- 前記発光材料が、芳香環構造を含有する低分子発光材料である請求項1記載の有機発光素子用インク組成物。
- 陽極、発光層、及び陰極を含み、前記発光層が、
発光材料と、多角度レーザー光散乱検出器を用いたゲル浸透クロマトグラフィから求められる重量平均絶対分子量が20万~80万の範囲内にあり、かつ慣性半径から求められる分岐度が0.20~0.55の範囲内にある、スチレン系モノマーを必須成分とするモノビニル化合物と、エチレン性不飽和二重結合を2以上含有する多官能ビニル化合物との多分岐共重合体とを含むバインダー樹脂を含有してなる有機発光素子。 - 質量換算で、発光材料100部当たり前記バインダー樹脂不揮発分10~1000部を含有してなる請求項6記載の有機発光素子。
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US20220056235A1 (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-02-24 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Porous membrane, composite membrane, and method for producing porous membrane |
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