Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F41—WEAPONS
  • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
  • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
  • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
  • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
  • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
  • F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
  • F41A9/22—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating in a horizontal direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F41—WEAPONS
  • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
  • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
  • F41A9/38—Loading arrangements, i.e. for bringing the ammunition into the firing position
  • F41A9/39—Ramming arrangements
  • F41A9/42—Rammers separate from breech-block
  • F41A9/43—Chain rammers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G3/00—Arrangements of ammunition stores or handlers; Vessels characterised thereby
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
  • B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
  • B63G8/28—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment
  • B63G8/32—Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment of torpedo-launching means; of torpedo stores or handlers

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device for transporting and storing a weapon.
• the device is designed to transport a weapon from the device into a weapon barrel.
• the device has a loading dock, wherein the loading dock is connectable to the weapon and the loading dock is adapted to move the weapon during transport of the weapon.
• a weapon in the sense of the invention is in particular a torpedo, a missile, a decoy or a mine.
• Such weapons are regularly carried by warships, such as corvettes, frigates, destroyers, cruisers or submarines. These weapons are regularly ejected through a gun barrel, although other types of emissions are common.
• troughs Devices for storing a weapon are regularly referred to as a trough.
• a hollow store one or more weapons, which are ready for later use and are to be introduced into a weapon barrel.
• a weapon trough has a usual length, which is larger than the longest weapon to be stored on the trough.
• a DM2A4 hake torpedo has a length of up to 7 m, so that a gun trough for receiving such a torpedo, for example, may have a length of 7.8 m.
• a weapon trough is usually traversed behind a barrel so that the barrel and the trough are aligned with each other, whereby the weapon can be moved by a horizontal movement in the gun barrel alone.
• the trough and the gun barrel are usually spaced for technical reasons, the distance is bridged with a bridge.
• the length of such a bridge is usually between 1 m and 2 m, for example about 1, 3 m.
• the weapon here the torpedo in the weapon barrel occupy a certain position, which usually has a certain distance to the ship's interior facing gun barrel end. This distance is necessary, for example, for firing the weapon.
• the weapon must usually be introduced about 1 m into the barrel.
• a loading stand In order to move the weapon, a loading stand is regularly arranged behind the weapon, which can push the weapon through the trough.
• the loading bock touches the weapon, in particular a torpedo, on the rear side, on which the screw is usually arranged. Since a torpedo usually has a weight of 1.3 to 1.7 t comparatively large forces, which must not lead to damage to the drive system of the weapon.
• a first drive conveys the weapon from the trough
• a second promotes the weapon over the bridge and into the weapon barrel.
• These two drives are regularly based on different drive technologies, for example, one is hydraulically driven and the other electrically driven. This increases the complexity and thus the maintenance and the error rate of the system.
• a trough for storing a weapon wherein the trough consists of a fiber-reinforced composite material.
• EP 0 627 608 B1 discloses an automatic piecing device for artillery projectiles with a spring-tight feed chain.
• the object of the invention is to provide a device with which a weapon can be transported from a trough in a single step directly into the firing position in a gun barrel.
• the device according to the invention for the transport and storage of a weapon is designed so that it can transport a weapon from the device into a weapon barrel.
• the device has a loading dock, wherein the loading dock is connectable to the weapon and the loading dock is adapted to move the weapon during transport of the weapon.
• the device has a push chain, wherein the push chain is connected to the loading dock and wherein the loading dock is movable by means of the push chain of the device in the barrel.
• the weapon barrel is a torpedo tube.
• the bucket is connectable to the rear end of the weapon so that the bucket can push and pull the weapon, whereby the weapon is moved by thrust from the storage position into the barrel and by pulling in the reverse direction.
• the front end of the weapon is the end which is first ejected from the barrel, the rear end being opposite the front end.
• Thrust chains are known from the prior art, for example DE 20 2011 013 357 A1 and the documents cited therein or DE 20 2004 006 624 U 1.
• Advantage of the push chain is that this stiffened due to their construction with positively interlocking links moves in a straight direction, but by the joints a way to move in one direction of rotation is possible.
• a push chain is thus a rigid chain, which, however, can be deflected without load in exactly one direction.
• the use of a push chain an advantage over a rod or a rod, which requires behind the weapon space in the full length of the path, which is to be moved, the weapon.
• this system is advantageous over a telescope system, since a telescope system for such a length and weight would also be very large and very prone to error.
• Timing belts and link chains have also proved to be unusable, since the necessary stabilization leads to extremely high power losses due to friction. Also, the leadership of timing belt and link chains is very large and expensive.
• a push chain of a device according to the invention is preferably stiff transversely to the longitudinal direction.
• the members of a push chain can thus preferably not be moved laterally against each other.
• the device has a push chain memory.
• the thrust chain memory is designed such that it is below a support surface for the weapon is or forms these and is arranged in two levels.
• the thrust chain memory is designed such that the thrust chain memory can accommodate a thrust chain, which has at least 1, 1-fold length, preferably at least 1.2 times the length, more preferably 1, 5 times the length of the device.
• the big advantage of the push chain is the deflectability of the chain in exactly one direction.
• the push chain Since the entire travel distance of the weapon is longer than the device, it is necessary to redirect the push chain a second time, preferably at the front, the gun barrel end facing. Since the push chain can only be deflected in one direction, this deflection takes place of the type that the end of the push chain between the course of the push chain on the loading block and the course of the push chain on the underside of the device.
• This embodiment is particularly preferred when the push chain is designed to be stiff transversely to the longitudinal direction, since then this can not be easily wound, as this is described for example in DE 20 2004 006 624 U l. Furthermore, this allows a comparatively compact design.
• the thrust chain accumulator as a first approximation has a height which is predetermined by the height for three guides of the thrust chain and the distance therebetween, which is limited by the maximum radius of curvature of the thrust chain.
• the push chain has a maximum of twice the length of the device. This makes it possible to dispense with a further deflection and so the height can be minimized.
• the thrust chain memory is made of aluminum.
• Aluminum is particularly suitable because it combines a low specific weight with good processability and good integration possibilities for the push chain.
• the thrust chain memory on slide rails wherein the slide rails serve as a sliding surface for the weapon during transport. Since the weapon regularly has a very high weight, slide rails are advantageous for reducing the sliding friction, since so the required Energy for transporting the weapon into the barrel can be reduced.
• Slide rails are made of polyethylene or polytetrafluoroethylene, for example.
• the slide rails extend over the entire length of the device.
• the push chain memory can have rollers for reducing the friction.
• the push chain on guide plates and the device rails for receiving the guide tabs.
• the guide tabs are preferably mounted laterally on both sides of the push chain rotatably on the axes of the push chain links.
• the push chain can be stabilized. This is advantageous because the push chain must push a weapon of, for example 1.3 t over a distance of about 10 m with the help of the loading dock.
• the guide tabs of the push chain is given in particular also an additional lateral stability.
• a bridge can be attached between the device and the weapon barrel.
• the device is aligned with the gun barrel, so that a weapon can be moved in a single linear movement of the device in the gun barrel.
• the bridge has a guide rail, wherein the guide rails for carrying the push chain, the loading block and the weapon is formed.
• the guide rail can be made slotted in a preferred embodiment. The slot is in this case arranged on the upper side, the side facing the weapon and able to receive a guide element in particular of the loading dock, in particular a sliding block of the loading dock.
• the guide rail of the bridge has a receptacle of the guide tabs. This also stabilizes the push chain on the bridge.
• the weapon barrel has a slot tube, wherein the slot tube is designed for carrying the push chain, the loading bock and the weapon.
• the slot is in this case arranged on the upper side, the side facing the weapon and able to receive a guide element in particular of the loading dock, in particular a sliding block of the loading dock.
• the slotted tube can also have rails for receiving the guide straps, this is not necessary.
• a push chain has sufficient rigidity to bridge a distance of 1 to 1, 5 m in the gun barrel without additional guidance can. It is advantageous if the slot tube has no rails. This makes it easier to retrofit a gun barrel for use with the device.
• the device has a first shaped body and a second shaped body.
• the first molded body is arranged in the direction of movement of the weapon on the right of the thrust chain memory and the second molded body arranged in the direction of movement of the weapon on the left of the thrust chain memory.
• the first and second moldings are designed to support the weapon.
• the weapon usually has a circular cross-section. For example, heavy-weight torpedoes regularly have a diameter of 533 mm.
• the weapon is optimally supported.
• the first and the second shaped body are formed so that the first molded body, the push chain memory and the second molded body form a circular trough, wherein the trough forms a circular arc of 90 ° to 180 °, preferably from about 120 ° to 160 °.
• This three-part design therefore has the great advantage that it can be broken down into an already finished submarine through a gun barrel. Also in the case of maintenance or repair can be done through the weapon barrel. As a result, larger interventions in the submarine, which may extend to the separation of the submarine, not necessary. The life of the entire boat and the construction process can be optimized.
• the thrust chain memory is designed so that it is designed to carry the weapon lying thereon.
• the first mold body and the second mold body are formed as non-load-bearing elements and serve only for lateral stabilization.
• the first shaped body and the second shaped body are made of aluminum.
• the advantage of an aluminum design is the comparatively low weight of the molded bodies.
• the first shaped body and the second shaped body consist of fiber-reinforced composite material, preferably of carbon fiber-reinforced composite material.
• Advantage of the design of composite material is on the one hand, the relatively low weight, on the other hand, the simple form-flexible production.
• Moldings of fiber-reinforced composite material of eight layers are particularly preferably constructed, the eight layers having a layer sequence DCBAABCD.
• the layer A consists of a unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite material
• the layer B of a biaxial fiber-reinforced composite, wherein the two axes of the layer B is rotated by 45 ° relative to the axis of the layer A.
• the layer C consists of a unidirectionally fiber-reinforced composite, wherein the axis of the layer C is rotated by 90 ° relative to the axis of the layer A.
• the location D has properties to Fire protection and to protect the composite against damage. By this symmetrical position arrangement, a composite material with optimal mechanical properties can be obtained.
• the first and second shaped bodies are each joined together from an upper shell and a lower shell.
• a shaped body from an upper shell and a lower shell, which are preferably connected by means of gluing with each other, it is relatively easy to produce a stable molded body, which has a cavity between the upper shell and the lower shell for weight savings in the middle.
• the thrust chain memory and the first molded body and the thrust chain memory and the second molded body are releasably connected to each other.
• the detachable connection was particularly preferably carried out by means of screws.
• Advantage of a releasable connection is the one hand, the simple separation of the moldings in the event of maintenance or repair of the push chain memory.
• the three individual elements, first molded body, thrust chain memory and second form body can be introduced through the gun barrel, as they are small enough separately to fit through the barrel. Due to the simple detachable connection, these three parts can then be assembled easily and simply inside.
• the loading block on a sliding block, wherein the sliding block is arranged centrally below the loading block and wherein the sliding block is designed to guide the loading dock in the bridge and in the slot tube in the gun barrel.
• the sliding block preferably has a T-shape with the narrow end (lower end of the T) at the bottom of the loading block.
• the loading block is stabilized particularly efficient, since the crossbar (the T) forms the bottom of the sliding block and so lifting out of the sliding block from the guide in the bridge (or the slot tube in the gun barrel) can be prevented.
• guide straps can be arranged laterally on the loading frame, wherein the guide straps are designed to guide the loading beam in the push chain storage and on the bridge. Through the sliding block and the lateral guide plates can be particularly efficiently prevented that torques are transmitted to the push chain.
• the device has a drive, wherein the drive is arranged on the side facing away from the weapon barrel of the device and wherein the drive drives the push chain via a gear.
• the drive consists redundantly of at least one first and at least one second drive device, wherein the at least one first and the at least one second drive means are different drive means, wherein the at least one first and the at least one second drive means are selected from the group comprising hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, electric drive, manual drive. Due to the redundant design can be achieved that a weapon can be loaded even after a failure of a system and thus can be fired. Common combinations consist of a hydraulic and a manual drive, an electric and a manual drive, a hydraulic and an electric drive as well as a hydraulic, an electric and a manual drive.
• the device has at least one clamping band, wherein the at least one clamping band fixes the weapon on the device.
• a clamping band serves to fix a weapon mounted in the device. During movements, for example, when the sea or in a shock, for example by shelling, it could happen without a corresponding assurance that the weapon is released from the device. A clamping band is guided and clamped above the weapon, so that the weapon is pressed into the device.
• the device has a plurality of clamping straps, wherein the clamping straps typically have a distance of 1 to 3 m, preferably about 1.5 to 2 m from each other.
• the device has at least one pull rod, wherein the least one pull rod is movable parallel to the weapon transport direction.
• the at least one clamping band has at least one wedge.
• the at least one clamping band is fastened so that the clamping band is movable transversely to the direction of transport of the weapon.
• the clamping band is screwed via slot holes to the device.
• the at least one pull rod can act on the at least one wedge such that the at least one clamping strap is moved transversely to the weapon transport direction.
• the at least one clamping band usually all clamping bands at the same time, can be released or set. As a result, the weapon can be fixed or released in a single step.
• the device is movable and aligned in at least one position with the gun barrel.
• it is advantageous to be able to move the device at least laterally, preferably in both directions transverse to the longitudinal direction of the barrel.
• watercraft have a group of weapon tubes and a plurality of devices for transporting and storing a weapon.
• the space behind the gun barrels regularly used differently, unless just a weapon to be loaded into a barrel.
• the space behind the gun barrels can be used as a sleeping area for the crew.
• the devices for transporting and storing a weapon are movable so that they can be placed on the side wall and possibly under the floor of the room behind the gun barrels when they are not needed.
• the device can be moved behind at least one gun barrel. The device and the gun barrel are then aligned, which means that a weapon can be moved in a direct, single linear movement out of the device into the barrel.
• the weapon is a torpedo, a missile, a decoy or a mine.
• the device must therefore be designed in this case to be able to move comparatively heavy torpedoes safely.
• the invention relates to a watercraft with at least one weapon barrel and at least one device according to the invention.
• the watercraft is preferably a warship, such as a corvette, a frigate, a destroyer, a cruiser, or a submarine.
• the vessel is a submarine.
• Figure 1 a schematic representation of a device according to the invention with bridge and gun barrel
• FIG. 1 schematic representation according to Figure 1 by method of the weapon in the barrel
• Figure 3 further schematic representation of a device with clamping bands
• Figure 4 cross-section through a device with a resting weapon and clamping straps
• Figure 6 schematic representation of the push chain on the push chain memory
• Figure 7 schematic representation of the push chain on the leadership of the bridge
• Figure 8 schematic cross section through the loading dock
• Figure 9 schematic cross section through the loading block on the Schubketten arrived
• Figure 10 schematic cross section through the loading block on the guide of the bridge
• Figure 11 a schematic representation of a clamping band with drawbar
• FIG. 1 shows a device 10 according to the invention for transporting and storing a weapon 20 on which a weapon 20 is located.
• the device 10 is connected via a bridge 30 with a gun barrel 40, in which a second slot tube 42 is arranged.
• the device 10, the bridge 30 and the gun barrel 40 are aligned so that the weapon 20 can be moved in a single horizontal linear motion from the apparatus 10 into the gun barrel 40.
• the device 10 has a loading dock 50, which is connected to the weapon 20.
• the loading block 50 is driven via the push chain 120, not shown in FIG. 1, which is driven by the motor 60.
• the motor 60 is electrically driven, for example. In order to remain functional in an emergency, the motor 60 may additionally have a hand wheel, not shown here, so that in case of failure of the electrical system, the motor 60 can be operated manually.
• the device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is shown after the weapon 20 has been moved into the weapon barrel 40.
• the weapon 20 and thus also the loading block 50 has to cover the travel distance in the device 70 on the one hand, but also the travel distance on the bridge 72 and the travel distance in the weapon barrel 74.
• the entire travel distance thus results as the sum of the travel distance in the Device 70, the travel distance on the bridge 72 and the travel distance in the gun barrel 74.
• the distance traveled in the device 70 is about 7.8 m
• the travel distance on the bridge 72 about 1.3 m
• the travel distance in the gun barrel 74 about 1, 1 m, which results in a total travel distance of 10.2 m.
• the motor 60 has to move the push chain 120, not shown here, out of the push chain store 90 located in the device 10 in the direction of the weapon barrel 40.
• the length of the push chain 120 must therefore be longer than the distance shown here of 10.2 m. Since the device 10 itself has a length of about 7.8 m, the push chain 120 must be deflected twice within the push chain memory 90 in order to be able to be stored completely.
• FIG. 3 shows a further device 10.
• the device 10 has four clamping bands 80 with which a weapon 20, not shown here, can be fixed on the device 10 and thus secured.
• the clamping bands 80 have a distance of approximately 2 m, for example.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross section transverse to the longitudinal direction through a device 10 with a weapon 20 lying thereon. The weapon 20 is secured with a clamping band 80.
• the device has a push chain memory 90 and a first molded body 100 and a second molded body 110.
• the push chain memory 90 is made of aluminum
• the first molded body 100 and the second molded body 110 are made of a carbon fiber reinforced composite material.
• the first molded body 100 comprises an upper shell 102 and a lower shell 104
• the second molded body 110 comprises an upper shell 112 and a lower shell 114.
• the upper shells 102, 112 and the lower shells 104, 114 are constructed from an eight-layered carbon fiber reinforced composite material, wherein the eight layers a Layer sequence DCBAABCD have.
• the layer A consists of a unidirectional fiber-reinforced composite material
• the layer B of a biaxial fiber-reinforced composite wherein the two axes of the layer B is rotated by 45 ° relative to the axis of the layer A.
• the layer C consists of a unidirectionally fiber-reinforced composite, wherein the axis of the layer C is rotated by 90 ° relative to the axis of the layer A.
• the layer D has properties for fire protection and protection of the composite against damage. By this symmetrical position arrangement, a composite material with optimal mechanical properties can be obtained.
• the upper shells 102, 112 and the lower shells 104, 114 are glued together.
• the push chain memory 90 is shown schematically in a cross section.
• the push chain 120 is located within the push chain memory, which is once deflected at the rear, the gun barrel 40 facing away from the end and another time at the front, the gun barrel 40 facing the end.
• the push chain memory 90 has a separating element 92, which separates the lower two levels of the push chain 120 in the push chain memory 90.
• the push chain 120 can be driven via the gear 62 by means of the motor 60, not shown here. The push chain 120 then pushes the loader block 50 connected to the push chain 120 in the direction of the weapon barrel 40.
• FIG. 6 shows the push chain 120 running on top of the push chain memory 90.
• the push chain 120 has two polymer rollers 122 on which the push chain 120 rests on the push chain memory 90. About the axis 128 and the stiffening elements 124 of the push chain 120 are held. The stiffening elements 124 cause the push chain 120 to stiffen under force, so that it is able to exert a force without buckling laterally like a link chain. As a result, friction losses in the stabilization of the push chain are largely avoided.
• the shape of the stiffening elements can be found, for example, in DE 10 2011 013 357 A1 or in the documents cited therein.
• the push chain 120 on guide plates 126, which engage in a corresponding guide rail in the push chain memory 90. As a result, the push chain 120 receives an additional, beyond the stiffening element 24 stabilization.
• These Guide plates 126 as shown in FIG. 7, also engage in a corresponding guide of the guide rail 32 of the bridge 30.
• FIG. 8 shows a schematic cross section through the loading frame 50.
• the loading block 50 has a sliding block 52, which is T-shaped.
• the loading block 50 has two guide elements 54.
• the push chain memory 90 is additionally shown in this cross section.
• the guide elements 54 engage in the guidance of the push chain memory 90. In this way, acting on the loading block 50 torques are transmitted to the thrust chain memory 90 and the loading block 50 can be moved in a straight line. Transfer of torques to the push chain 120 can thus be avoided efficiently.
• the guide elements 54 engage laterally in the push chain memory 90 and give the loader 50 additional support.
• this cross section is not shown with the push chain memory 90 but with the guide rail 32 of the bridge 30.
• the sliding block 54 engages in the slot of the guide rail 32 and thus achieves the same stabilization of the loading block 50th
• FIG. 11 shows a clamping band 80 and the attachment of the clamping band 80 to the device 10 in a schematic side view.
• the clamping band 80 is connected to the device 10 via two screws, wherein the screws are arranged in slot holes 82.
• the clamping band 80 can be moved up and down.
• the device has a pull rod 130.
• the pull rod 130 has a push element 132, which can act on two wedges 84 of the clamping band 80. By moving the pull rod 130 to the right or left, a force is exerted on the wedges 84, so that the clamping band moves downwards or upwards.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
• Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
• Toys (AREA)
• Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
• Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
• Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-02-12 DE DE102015202553.5A patent/DE102015202553A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2016
  • 2016-01-07 KR KR1020177025556A patent/KR101979137B1/ko active IP Right Grant
  • 2016-01-07 ES ES16700167T patent/ES2783223T3/es active Active
  • 2016-01-07 WO PCT/EP2016/050180 patent/WO2016128151A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2016-01-07 EP EP16700167.6A patent/EP3256808B1/de active Active

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