WO2016063386A1 - 電力変換装置 - Google Patents
電力変換装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016063386A1 WO2016063386A1 PCT/JP2014/078133 JP2014078133W WO2016063386A1 WO 2016063386 A1 WO2016063386 A1 WO 2016063386A1 JP 2014078133 W JP2014078133 W JP 2014078133W WO 2016063386 A1 WO2016063386 A1 WO 2016063386A1
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- capacitor
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- conversion device
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- semiconductor element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/084—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power conversion device.
- a conventional power conversion device electrically connects a capacitor terminal portion and a terminal portion of an IGBT element using a wide connection conductor (for example, Patent Document 1).
- a switching element having a high element allowable temperature such as a switching element made of silicon carbide (SiC) (hereinafter referred to as “SiC element”)
- SiC element silicon carbide
- heat-resistant capacitor Since the temperature transmitted to the capacitor via the connecting conductor is also high, a heat-resistant capacitor (hereinafter referred to as “heat-resistant capacitor”) must be used, which increases the cost.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a power converter that does not impair low inductance while suppressing an increase in cost and size.
- the present invention provides a filter capacitor for storing DC power, and a semiconductor element that performs a switching operation for converting DC power stored in the filter capacitor into AC power.
- the filter capacitor is divided into a first capacitor and a second capacitor having higher heat resistance than the first capacitor,
- the second capacitor is connected to the semiconductor element module using a connection conductor and is electrically connected to a bus bar different from the connection conductor.
- the first capacitor includes the bus bar, the connection conductor, and An electrical connection with the semiconductor element module is established through the second capacitor.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a main circuit in the power conversion device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram (top view) illustrating a configuration example when the power conversion device according to the first embodiment is mounted on a railway vehicle.
- FIG. 3 is a side view when the inside of the power converter shown in FIG. 2 is viewed from the A direction indicated by the arrow.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of a heat-resistant capacitor.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram (top view) showing a configuration example different from FIG. 2 of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram (top view) showing a configuration example different from FIGS. 2 and 5 of the power conversion device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a main circuit in the power conversion device according to the first embodiment.
- the main circuit 100 includes semiconductor element modules 101 to 106 as shown in FIG.
- the switching elements mounted on the semiconductor element modules 101 to 106 are, for example, SiC elements.
- SiC is an example of a semiconductor referred to as a wide band gap semiconductor, taking into account the characteristic that the band gap is larger than that of silicon (Si).
- SiC silicon formed using a gallium nitride-based material or diamond also belongs to a wide band gap semiconductor, and a configuration using an element formed using a wide band gap semiconductor as a material is also included in the present invention. It is a summary.
- the semiconductor element module 101 that forms the positive arm and the semiconductor that forms the negative arm is connected in series, and the connection point of the semiconductor element modules 101 and 102 is drawn out to form a U-phase alternating current (AC) terminal.
- the semiconductor element module 103 forming the positive arm and the semiconductor element module 104 forming the negative arm are connected in series between the DC buses 200P and 200N, and the connection points of the semiconductor element modules 103 and 104 are drawn out.
- a semiconductor element module 105 forming a V-phase AC terminal and forming a positive arm and a semiconductor element module 106 forming a negative arm are connected in series between the DC buses 200P and 200N, and a connection point of the semiconductor element modules 105 and 106 Is pulled out to form a W-phase AC terminal.
- a filter capacitor 120 which is a first capacitor having positive electrode (P) and negative electrode (N) potentials, is connected to the DC buses 200P and 200N.
- the power conversion device according to the first embodiment includes heat-resistant capacitors 110a, 110b, and 110c, which are second capacitors having relatively higher heat resistance than the filter capacitor 120.
- the filter capacitor 120 is electrically connected to the DC buses 200P and 200N, whereas each of the heat-resistant capacitors 110a to 110c is connected in series by a semiconductor element module of each positive arm and a semiconductor element module of each negative arm. It is connected to a circuit (hereinafter referred to as “arm circuit” if necessary).
- the heat-resistant capacitors 110a to 110c are connected in parallel to the filter capacitor 120, a part of the function as the filter capacitor can be supplemented.
- the semiconductor element modules 101 to 106 perform a switching operation for converting the DC power accumulated in the filter capacitor 120 and the heat-resistant capacitors 110a to 110c into AC power.
- the semiconductor element module 101 includes an IGBT 111 which is an example of a transistor element, and a flywheel diode (hereinafter referred to as “FWD”) 112 connected in reverse parallel to the IGBT 111, and includes a collector of the IGBT 111 and a cathode of the FWD 112. Are connected to form the terminal C1, and the emitter of the IGBT 111 and the anode of the FWD 112 are connected to form the terminal E1.
- the semiconductor element module 102 includes an IGBT 121 and an FWD 122 connected in reverse parallel to the IGBT 121.
- the collector of the IGBT 121 and the cathode of the FWD 122 are connected to form a terminal C2.
- the emitter of the IGBT 121 and the FWD 122 The anode is connected to form terminal E2.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example when the power conversion device according to the first embodiment is mounted on a railcar, and the inside of the power conversion device 1 mounted on the railcar is changed from the vehicle upper side to the rail side. It is an orthographic view when visually recognizing.
- FIG. 3 is a side view when the inside of the power converter shown in FIG. 2 is viewed from the A direction indicated by the arrow.
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration example of the heat-resistant capacitor 11.
- the power converter 1 includes a gate control unit 2, a current breaker / I / F unit 3, an inverter control unit 4, and a radiator 5.
- the inverter control unit 4 includes a gate drive circuit 10, a heat-resistant capacitor 11, a filter capacitor 12, an element unit 14, a bus bar 17, a shielding plate 18, and the like.
- the gate control unit 2, the current breaker / I / F unit 3 and the inverter control unit 4 except the radiator 5 are housed in the housing 6 and shielded from the outside air.
- the radiator 5 is attached to the outside of the housing 6 so as to be in contact with outside air, and is configured to be cooled with cooling air as necessary.
- the element unit 14 is a component including the plurality of semiconductor element modules described in FIG.
- the gate control unit 2 is a component that generates a control signal necessary for PWM driving the semiconductor element module of the element unit 14.
- the circuit breaker / I / F unit 3 is a component having a function of interrupting a current flowing through the main circuit 100 and a function of performing a signal exchange between the gate control unit 2 and the gate drive circuit 10.
- the gate drive circuit 10 is a component (drive circuit) that drives the semiconductor element module of the element unit 14 based on the control signal generated by the gate control unit 2.
- the filter capacitor 12 is a component (power supply source) that accumulates DC power necessary for power conversion.
- the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is provided with six connection conductors 16 on the first surface of the housing of the heat-resistant capacitor 11, and is located on the opposite side (back surface side) of the first surface. Two connection terminals 22 are provided on the second surface.
- the heat-resistant capacitor 11 and the element unit 14 are electrically connected by a connection conductor 16.
- the connection conductor 16 is a conductor that electrically connects the DC side terminal 15 of the element unit 14 and the heat-resistant capacitor 11.
- FIG. 4 shows an example in which the connection conductor 16 is formed in a crank shape
- FIG. 2 shows an example in which the connection conductor 16 is formed in an L shape.
- the shape may be any (for example, linear).
- the connection conductor can be formed in a straight line.
- the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is connected to the bus bar 17 by two connection terminals 22.
- Typical examples of the bus bar 17 include a laminated bus bar in which thin copper plates are stacked with an insulating material and have a low inductance, and a laminated bus bar in which the outer surface of the laminated bus bar is covered with a laminate material such as a resin film. .
- the filter capacitor 12 is not connected to the element unit 14 but connected to the bus bar 17. That is, the electrical connection between the filter capacitor 12 and the element portion 14 is made through the bus bar 17, the heat-resistant capacitor 11, and the connection conductor 16. Since the filter capacitor 12 is not directly connected to the element unit 14, the filter capacitor 12 can be arranged away from the element unit 14. On the other hand, the heat resistant capacitor 11 has higher heat resistance than the filter capacitor 12, and therefore can be disposed near the element portion 14.
- the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is provided in order to reduce the influence of heat on the filter capacitor 12, and may be small in capacity.
- a capacitor having a capacitance value smaller than that of the filter capacitor 12 is used, the size is also reduced, and a space in which no structure is arranged is generated. Therefore, in the first embodiment, a shielding plate 18 for shielding heat is provided in a space where no structure is arranged.
- the semiconductor element module of the element unit 14 is a SiC element.
- the allowable temperature of the semiconductor element module can be set higher by, for example, about 50 ° C. compared to a conventional Si element. For this reason, when the SiC element performs a switching operation, the amount of heat generated is much larger than that of the Si element. Most of the heat generated by the switching operation moves toward the radiator 5 and is radiated from the cooling fin, but part of the heat moves to the capacitor side.
- the heat-resistant capacitor 11 having relatively high heat resistance is arranged on the element side with respect to the filter capacitor 12, it is possible to reduce the influence of heat received by the filter capacitor 12.
- a shielding plate 18 is provided so as to fill a space where no structure is arranged, and this shielding plate 18 shields heat flow due to convection and radiation, so that the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is more than necessary. Therefore, it is effective for suppressing an increase in cost.
- the heat flow has heat conduction in addition to convection and radiation.
- the filter capacitor 12 needs to be electrically connected to the direct current portion of the element portion 14, and there is heat transfer due to heat conduction through the connection conductor that takes the electrical connection.
- the heat-resistant capacitor 11 does not connect the element unit 14 that is a heat source to the filter capacitor 12 that constitutes the majority of the filter capacity for heat conduction in which the amount of heat transfer is greater than convection and radiation. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the heat resistance of the filter capacitor 12 so much, and even if an SiC element is used, an increase in the cost of the filter capacitor 12 can be suppressed.
- the capacitor to be configured as the filter capacitor includes the first capacitor and the second capacitor having higher heat resistance than the first capacitor.
- the second capacitor is connected to the semiconductor element module using a connection conductor and is also electrically connected to a bus bar different from the connection conductor, and the first capacitor and the semiconductor element module are connected to each other.
- the electrical connection between the switching element and the capacitor can be configured with a low inductance while suppressing an increase in cost and size because the electrical connection between the switching element and the capacitor is suppressed. An effect is obtained.
- the size of the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is formed smaller than the size of the filter capacitor 12, and the space generated by the difference in size between the heat-resistant capacitor 11 and one filter capacitor 12 is formed. Since the shielding plate is provided, the heat flow due to convection and radiation can be effectively shielded.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram (top view) showing a configuration example (top view) different from FIG. 2 of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment.
- the shielding plate 18 is removed from the configuration of the power conversion device shown in FIG.
- the vacant space is configured as a separation space 28 for reducing the influence of heat tilt.
- symbol is attached
- the size of the heat-resistant capacitor is formed smaller than the size of the filter capacitor, and the space generated by the difference in size between the heat-resistant capacitor and one filter capacitor is formed. Since it is configured as a separation space for reducing the influence of thermal tilt, it is not necessary to provide a shielding plate as in the first embodiment, and it is possible to suppress an increase in cost by reducing the number of parts. .
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a diagram (top view) illustrating a configuration example (top view) different from FIGS. 2 and 5 of the power conversion device according to the third embodiment.
- the space 28 for reducing the influence of the above is filled with the housing of the heat-resistant capacitor 11.
- the housing of the heat-resistant capacitor 11 functions as a shielding plate (shielding object).
- the size of the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is increased, the capacitance value (capacitance) of the heat-resistant capacitor 11 is increased, so that the capacitance value of the filter capacitor 12 can be decreased.
- condenser 12 can be made small and the effect that a power converter device can be comprised compactly is acquired.
- Embodiments 1 to 3 above are examples of the configuration of the present invention, and can be combined with other known techniques, and can be combined within the scope of the present invention. Needless to say, the configuration may be modified by omitting the unit.
- the switching elements mounted on the semiconductor element modules 101 to 106 have been described as switching elements formed of wide band gap semiconductors typified by SiC elements.
- the above-described problems can occur if possible switching elements. For this reason, even when a switching element formed of a narrow band gap semiconductor typified by an Si element is used, the gist of the present invention is achieved.
- the present invention is useful as a power converter that does not impair low inductance while suppressing an increase in cost and size.
Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1の電力変換装置における主回路の構成を示す図である。主回路100は、図1に示すように、半導体素子モジュール101~106を備えて構成される。半導体素子モジュール101~106に搭載されるスイッチング素子は、例えばSiC素子である。なお、SiCは、珪素(Si)よりもバンドギャップが大きいという特性を捉えて、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体と称される半導体の一例である。このSiC以外にも、例えば窒化ガリウム系材料または、ダイヤモンドを用いて形成される半導体もワイドバンドギャップ半導体に属しており、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体を素材として作成された素子を用いる構成も、本発明の要旨を成すものである。
図5は、実施の形態2に係る電力変換装置の図2とは異なる一構成例を示す図(上面図)であり、図2に示した電力変換装置の構成から、遮蔽板18を取り外し、その空いた空間を熱のあおりの影響を小さくするための離間空間28として構成したものである。なお、その他の構成については、図2に示した実施の形態1の構成と同一または同等であり、それら共通の構成部には同一の符号を付して示し、重複する説明は省略する。
図6は、実施の形態3に係る電力変換装置の図2および図5とは異なる一構成例を示す図(上面図)であり、図5に示した電力変換装置の構成において、熱のあおりの影響を小さくするための離間空間28を耐熱コンデンサ11の筐体で埋めたものである。なお、図2の構成との比較であれば、耐熱コンデンサ11の筐体を遮蔽板(遮蔽物)として機能させると言うこともできる。
Claims (8)
- 直流電力を蓄積するフィルタコンデンサと、当該フィルタコンデンサに蓄積される直流電力を交流電力に変換するためのスイッチング動作を行う半導体素子モジュールとが同一の筐体内に配置される構成の電力変換装置において、
前記フィルタコンデンサは、第1のコンデンサと、前記第1のコンデンサよりも耐熱性が高い第2のコンデンサと、に区分され、
前記第2のコンデンサは、接続導体を用いて前記半導体素子モジュールに接続されると共に、前記接続導体とは異なるブスバーに電気的に接続され、
前記第1のコンデンサは、前記ブスバー、前記接続導体および前記第2のコンデンサを介して前記半導体素子モジュールとの電気的接続がとられる
ことを特徴とする電力変換装置。 - 前記第2のコンデンサは、前記半導体素子モジュールから見て前記第1のコンデンサを遮蔽するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記第2のコンデンサの筐体における第1の面には前記接続導体と接続するための第1の端子が設けられ、
前記第2のコンデンサの筐体における前記第1の面とは異なる第2の面には前記ブスバーと接続するための第2の端子が設けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記第2のコンデンサのサイズを前記第1のコンデンサのサイズよりも小さく形成し、
前記第1および第2のコンデンサのサイズの差異により生じた空間を熱のあおりの影響を小さくするための離間空間としたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記第2のコンデンサのサイズを前記第1のコンデンサのサイズよりも小さく形成し、
前記第1および第2のコンデンサのサイズの差異により生じた空間に遮蔽板を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。 - 前記接続導体はL字形状、クランク形状または直線状であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記半導体素子モジュールに搭載されるスイッチング素子は、ワイドバンドギャップ半導体にて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1または6に記載の電力変換装置。
- 前記ワイドバンドギャップ半導体は、炭化ケイ素、窒化ガリウム系材料または、ダイヤモンドを用いた半導体であることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の電力変換装置。
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DE112014007088.2T DE112014007088B4 (de) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Leistungswandlungsvorrichtung mit einem Filterkondensator |
PCT/JP2014/078133 WO2016063386A1 (ja) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | 電力変換装置 |
JP2016555010A JP6143967B2 (ja) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | 電力変換装置 |
US15/519,331 US10243483B2 (en) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | Power conversion device |
CN201480082666.4A CN106856668B (zh) | 2014-10-22 | 2014-10-22 | 功率转换装置 |
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WO2019026339A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電力変換装置および電力変換装置を搭載した車両 |
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EP4029139A4 (en) | 2019-09-13 | 2023-09-27 | Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation | CURRENT TRANSFORMER WITH WIDE BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTORS |
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2014
- 2014-10-22 WO PCT/JP2014/078133 patent/WO2016063386A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-10-22 DE DE112014007088.2T patent/DE112014007088B4/de active Active
- 2014-10-22 CN CN201480082666.4A patent/CN106856668B/zh active Active
- 2014-10-22 JP JP2016555010A patent/JP6143967B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-10-22 US US15/519,331 patent/US10243483B2/en active Active
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JPH11220869A (ja) * | 1998-02-02 | 1999-08-10 | Toshiba Transport Eng Inc | 電力変換装置 |
JP2004096974A (ja) * | 2002-09-04 | 2004-03-25 | Yaskawa Electric Corp | スナバモジュールおよび電力変換装置 |
JP2013252006A (ja) * | 2012-06-01 | 2013-12-12 | Sharp Corp | モータ駆動装置及びそれを備えた空気調和機 |
JP2012210153A (ja) * | 2012-08-03 | 2012-10-25 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 電力変換装置 |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108288957A (zh) * | 2017-01-10 | 2018-07-17 | Intica系统公司 | 滤波器装置 |
WO2019026339A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-07 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電力変換装置および電力変換装置を搭載した車両 |
JPWO2019026339A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-07-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 電力変換装置および電力変換装置を搭載した車両 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPWO2016063386A1 (ja) | 2017-04-27 |
DE112014007088T5 (de) | 2017-07-13 |
US20170237360A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
DE112014007088B4 (de) | 2023-12-21 |
US10243483B2 (en) | 2019-03-26 |
CN106856668B (zh) | 2019-06-28 |
JP6143967B2 (ja) | 2017-06-07 |
CN106856668A (zh) | 2017-06-16 |
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