WO2016009775A1 - タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法および空気入りタイヤ - Google Patents
タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法および空気入りタイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
- C08L9/06—Copolymers with styrene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
- B60C1/0016—Compositions of the tread
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- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/37—Thiols
- C08K5/372—Sulfides, e.g. R-(S)x-R'
- C08K5/3725—Sulfides, e.g. R-(S)x-R' containing nitrogen
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/39—Thiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. dithiocarbamates
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- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/45—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur in the ring
- C08K5/46—Heterocyclic compounds having sulfur in the ring with oxygen or nitrogen in the ring
- C08K5/47—Thiazoles
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- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
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- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- C08L91/00—Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof
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- C08J2307/00—Characterised by the use of natural rubber
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a rubber composition for a tire and a pneumatic tire produced using the rubber composition for a tire produced by the production method.
- Patent Document 1 attempts to solve the above problems by using a specific polysulfide compound to improve the reactivity with a specific silane coupling agent, but the polysulfide compound to be used is a special chemical, so the cost is low. There is a problem that is high.
- the present invention provides a method for producing a rubber composition for a tire having improved processability, wear resistance and fuel consumption characteristics in a well-balanced manner, and a pneumatic tire produced using the rubber composition for a tire produced by the production method. About.
- the present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems, and as a result, when kneading a rubber component containing a natural rubber or a synthetic diene rubber with a filler containing at least a silica and a silane coupling agent,
- the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by adding a peptizer (peptizer) used in the peptizing of rubber at a predetermined time, and the present invention has been completed by further investigations.
- a process for producing a rubber composition comprising The kneading step is composed of at least two stages of a first stage of kneading containing no vulcanizing chemical and a final stage of kneading including vulcanizing chemical, In the first stage of kneading, all or part of the silane coupling agent (C) is added and kneaded simultaneously with or after kneading all or part of the rubber component (A) and the inorganic filler (B).
- the temperature of the rubber composition is 75 to 180 ° C., preferably 90 to 170 ° C., more preferably 105 to 165 ° C., still more preferably 120 to 155 ° C., still more preferably 125 to 140
- the time until the addition of the peptizer (D) is preferably within 180 seconds, preferably The method for producing a rubber composition for a tire according to any one of the above [1] to [3], wherein the time is 10 to 180 seconds, more preferably 30 to 150 seconds, further preferably 30 to 120 seconds, [5] Any one of the above [1] to [4], wherein the silane coupling agent (C) is at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (I) to (IV) A method for producing the rubber composition for a tire according to (Wherein, R 1 may be the same or different when there is a plurality, and each is a linear cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a linear or branched alkoxy having 2 to 8 carbon atoms R 2 is an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom
- a is 2 to 6 as an average value, and p and r may be the same or different and each is 0 to 3 as an average value. However, both p and r can not be 3.
- H is an average value of 1 to 4
- R 5 is R 4 , a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 6 is R 4
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent group represented by — [O (R 12 O) j ] 0.5 (where R 12 is an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and j is an integer of 1 to 4).
- R 7 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 13 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of R 13 each being a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 14 is an alkoxyalkyl group or a hydrogen atom
- R 14 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of R 14 each being a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 15 is a plurality In the case, they may be the same or different and each is a linear or branched alkylene group having
- R 16 is formula (-S-R 17 -S -) , (- R 18 -S m1 -R 19 -) and (-R 20 -S m2 -R 21 -S m3 -R 22 -) either Group (wherein each of R 17 to R 22 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a divalent aromatic group, or a divalent organic group containing a hetero element other than sulfur and oxygen, , M1, m2 and m3 each have an average value of 1 or more and less than 4), and a plurality of k may be the same or different and each has an average value of 1 to 6, and s and t are each an average The value is 0 to 3.
- R 23 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a plurality of G may be the same or different and each alkanediyl group or alkene diyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms
- the plurality of Z a may be the same or different, is a functional group capable of binding with each of two silicon atoms, and [-0-] 0.5, [- 0 -G-] 0.5 and [ a functional group selected from -O-G-O-] 0.5
- is plurality of Z b may be the same or different, is a functional group capable of binding with each of two silicon atoms, and [-O -G-O-] is a functional group represented by 0.5
- a part is plural.
- each of Z a u , Z b v and Z c w in a plurality of A parts may be the same or different, and when there are a plurality of B parts, Z a u , Z b v in a plurality of B parts And Z c w may be the same or different)
- the content of the inorganic filler (B) in the filler is 30% by mass or more, preferably 40% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, any one of the above [1] to [6]
- the number of molecules of the peptizer (D) in the rubber composition in the first stage of kneading is 0.1 to 1.0 times the number of molecules of the silane coupling agent (
- a method for producing a rubber composition for a tire having well-balanced improved processability in unvulcanized form and wear resistance and fuel consumption properties after vulcanization, and a tire produced by the method The pneumatic tire produced using a rubber composition can be provided.
- the method for producing a rubber composition of the present invention comprises a rubber component (A) containing natural rubber and / or synthetic diene rubber, a filler containing an inorganic filler (B) containing at least silica, a silane coupling agent (C ) And a method for producing a rubber composition containing a peptizer (D),
- the kneading step is composed of at least two stages of a first stage of kneading containing no vulcanizing chemical and a final stage of kneading including vulcanizing chemical, In the first stage of kneading, all or part of the silane coupling agent (C) is added and kneaded simultaneously with or after kneading all or part of the rubber component (A) and the inorganic filler (B). And further including the step of adding the peptizer (D) and further kneading simultaneously with or after adding all or part of the silane
- the first stage of the kneading is the so-called kneading stage which does not contain a so-called vulcanizing agent, in which the inorganic filler (B) and the silane coupling agent (C) are added to the rubber component (A) and kneaded.
- the present invention is characterized in that in the first step, a peptizer (D) is added and kneaded.
- a peptizer (D) is added and kneaded.
- addition of the peptizing accelerator (D) at the first stage of kneading enhances the coupling activity of the silane coupling agent (C), whereby the inorganic filler is added to the rubber composition. This is to make the dispersion better.
- the timing of adding the peptizing accelerator (D) is "simultaneously with or later to the addition of all or a part of the silane coupling agent (C)" to that of the peptizing accelerator (D) This is to further enhance the effect of improving the coupling activity by blending. That is, after the reaction of the inorganic filler (B) and the silane coupling agent (C) sufficiently proceeds, the reaction of the silane coupling agent (C) and the rubber component (A) can be advanced. is there. Therefore, at the same time as or after the kneading of the rubber component (A) and the inorganic filler (B), a part of the silane coupling agent (C) is added and kneaded.
- a step including the step of adding the peptizer (D) and further kneading simultaneously with or after adding a part of the silane coupling agent (C) At the time of adding the milling accelerator (D), it is preferable that the inorganic filler (B) and the silane coupling agent (C) have all been added. That is, it is preferable that a part of the inorganic filler (B) and the silane coupling agent (C) have already been added in an earlier step.
- the first stage of the kneading is the stage of kneading the rubber component (A), the inorganic filler (B) and the silane coupling agent (C), and for example, the rubber component
- the purpose is not to include the step of kneading A) and a filler other than the inorganic filler (B), and the step of preliminary kneading (peptizing) only the rubber component (A).
- medical agent shows the chemical
- the timing of adding the peptizer (D) is at the same time as the completion of the addition of the silane coupling agent (C) (preferably all of them) or within a certain period of time after that. .
- the range of the fixed time for example, it is preferable to be within 180 seconds.
- a lower limit 30 seconds or more are more preferable
- as an upper limit 150 seconds or less are more preferable, and 120 seconds or less are more preferable.
- reaction of (B) and (C) can be advanced in advance, which is preferable.
- this time exceeds 180 seconds, the reaction of (B) and (C) progresses too much, and there is a tendency that it is difficult to receive the further effect by adding (D).
- the temperature of the rubber composition is 75 to 180.degree. C. when the peptizer (D) is added in the first stage of kneading. Is preferred. If the temperature is less than 75 ° C., it tends to be difficult to increase the coupling activity, and if it exceeds 180 ° C., the rubber may be deteriorated due to the high temperature.
- the lower limit value of the temperature is more preferably 90 ° C., further preferably 105 ° C., still more preferably 120 ° C., still more preferably 125 ° C.
- the upper limit value of the temperature is more preferably 170 ° C., further preferably 165 ° C., still more preferably 155 ° C., further preferably 140 ° C.
- the first stage of kneading may be further divided into a plurality of stages. For example, first, a portion of the inorganic filler (B) and / or a portion of the silane coupling agent (C) are first added to the rubber component (A) and kneaded, and this is discharged once and the kneaded material is The resulting mixture is kneaded, and then the kneaded product is added with the remainder of the inorganic filler (B) and / or the remainder of the silane coupling agent (C) and the peptizer (D), and kneaded to obtain a kneaded product. For example, when implementing the gaining step.
- each of the agents (B) to (D) may be added at once in each step, or may be added sequentially at intervals according to the order of (B) to (D). Good.
- the timing for adding (D) is, as described above, simultaneously with the completion of the addition of all of the silane coupling agent (C), or within a certain time period after that.
- the final stage of kneading means the final stage of kneading, in which a vulcanizing agent is added and kneaded.
- the kneading process of the rubber composition in the present invention may further include an intermediate stage of kneading, if necessary, between the first stage of kneading and the final stage of kneading.
- the intermediate stage of the kneading means a chemical compounded to the rubber composition, which is a chemical agent other than the above (A) to (D) and the vulcanizing chemical, for example, a filler other than the inorganic filler (B) And the like are added and kneaded.
- the maximum temperature of the rubber composition is preferably 120 to 190 ° C., more preferably 130 to 175 ° C., and still more preferably 140 to 170 ° C.
- the kneading time is preferably 10 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably 30 seconds to 10 minutes, and still more preferably 60 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the maximum temperature of the rubber composition in the intermediate stage is preferably 120 to 190 ° C., more preferably 130 to 175 ° C., and 140 to 170 ° C. More preferable.
- the kneading time is preferably 10 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably 30 seconds to 10 minutes, and still more preferably 60 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the maximum temperature of the rubber composition is preferably 60 to 140 ° C., more preferably 80 to 120 ° C., and still more preferably 100 to 120 ° C.
- the kneading time is preferably 10 seconds to 20 minutes, more preferably 10 seconds to 10 minutes, and still more preferably 20 seconds to 5 minutes.
- the temperature of the rubber composition When proceeding from one stage to the next, it is preferable to lower the temperature of the rubber composition by 10 ° C. or more than the temperature after the end of kneading at that stage before proceeding to the next stage.
- the production method of the present invention can be carried out by appropriately kneading other chemicals usually blended in this field, besides the above-mentioned chemicals.
- the rubber component (A) is a rubber component containing natural rubber (NR) and / or a synthetic diene rubber, and as the synthetic diene rubber, styrene- Butadiene copolymer rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), polyisoprene rubber (IR), butyl rubber (IIR), ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer rubber (EPDM) and the like can be used. Natural rubber and synthetic diene rubber may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- silane coupling agent (C) As the silane coupling agent (C) in the present invention, a silane coupling agent conventionally used in combination with silica can be used in the rubber industry, and examples thereof include bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis ( Sulfides such as 3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, Si75 manufactured by Evonik Degussa (a bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) polysulfide having an average of 2.4 S in one molecule), 3-mercapto Propyltrimethoxysilane, 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane, Si363 manufactured by EVONIK-DEGUSSA, and mercaptos such as NXT manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, NXT-Z30, NXT-Z45, and NXT-Z60 Vinyl, such as vinyltriethoxysilane, amino, such as 3-aminopropyl
- the silane coupling agent (C) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following general formulas (I) to (IV).
- a silane coupling agent (C) by using such a silane coupling agent (C), it is possible to obtain a rubber composition for a tire which is excellent in workability at the time of rubber processing and which is excellent in abrasion resistance.
- the following general formulas (I) to (IV) will be described in order.
- R 1 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of R 1 s , each being a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms It is an alkoxyalkyl group or a hydrogen atom
- R 2 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of R 2 's , each being a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 3 is a plurality
- they may be the same or different and each is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a is 2 to 6 on average, and p and r may be the same or different.
- each average value is 0 to 3, provided that both p and r can not be 3.
- silane coupling agent (C) represented by the above general formula (I) include bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide and bis (3- (3) Methyldimethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide, bis (2-triethoxysilylethyl) tetrasulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) disulfide, bis (3-methyldimethoxysilylpropyl) ) Disulfide, bis (2-triethoxysilylethyl) disulfide, bis (3-triethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide, bis (3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide, bis (3-methyldimethoxysilylpropyl) trisulfide
- H is an average value of 1 to 4
- R 5 is R 4 , a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 6 is R 4
- R 5 is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent group represented by — [O (R 12 O) j ] 0.5 (where R 12 is an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and j is an integer of 1 to 4).
- R 7 is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms
- R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 may be the same or different, and preferably each is a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group It is preferable that it is a group selected from the group consisting of an aryl group and an aralkyl group.
- R 5 is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, it is a group selected from the group consisting of a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group and an aralkyl group. Is preferred.
- R 12 is preferably a linear, cyclic or branched alkylene group, particularly preferably a linear one.
- R 7 represents, for example, an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkenylene group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkylene group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl alkylene group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, an arylene having 6 to 18 carbon atoms And a aralkylene group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms can be mentioned.
- the alkylene group and the alkenylene group may be linear or branched, and the cycloalkylene group, the cycloalkyl alkylene group, the arylene group and the aralkylene group each have a substituent such as a lower alkyl group on the ring. You may have.
- R 7 an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, and a linear alkylene group such as methylene, ethylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene and hexamethylene is particularly preferable. it can.
- R 5 , R 8 , R 9 , R 10 and R 11 in the above general formula (II) include a methyl group, an ethyl group and an n-propyl group Isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, dodecyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, vinyl, propenyl, allyl Groups, hexenyl group, octenyl group, cyclopentenyl group, cyclohexenyl group, phenyl group, tolyl group, xylyl group, naphthyl group, benzyl group, phenethyl group, naphthylmethyl group and the like.
- R 12 in the above general formula (II) examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group and an
- silane coupling agent (C) represented by the above general formula (II) include 3-hexanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 3-decanoylthiopropyltriol Ethoxysilane, 3-lauroylthiopropyltriethoxysilane, 2-hexanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-octanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-decanoylthioethyltriethoxysilane, 2-lauroylthioethyltriethoxysilane , 3-hexanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-octanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-decanoylthiopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-decanoylthiopropyltrime
- R 13 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of R 13 each being a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 14 is an alkoxyalkyl group or a hydrogen atom
- R 14 may be the same or different when there are a plurality of R 14 each being a linear, cyclic or branched alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 15 is a plurality R 16 may be the same or different and each is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms
- R 16 is a general formula (-S-R 17 -S-), (-R 18- S m1 -R 19 -) and (-R 20 -S m2 -R 21 -S m3 -R 22 -) or a divalent group of (R 17 ⁇ R 22 are each a divalent C 1 -
- silane coupling agent (C) represented by the above general formula (III)
- R 23 represents a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and a plurality of G may be the same or different and each alkanediyl group or alkene diyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms
- the plurality of Z a may be the same or different, is a functional group capable of binding with each of two silicon atoms, and [-0-] 0.5, [- 0 -G-] 0.5 and [ a functional group selected from -O-G-O-] 0.5
- is plurality of Z b may be the same or different, is a functional group capable of binding with each of two silicon atoms, and [-O -G-O-] is a functional group represented by 0.5
- a part is plural.
- each of Z a u , Z b v and Z c w in a plurality of A parts may be the same or different, and when there are a plurality of B parts, Z a u , Z b v in a plurality of B parts And Z c w may be the same or different.
- silane coupling agent (C) represented by the above general formula (IV) include chemical formula (V), chemical formula (VI) and chemical formula (VII).
- silane coupling agent represented by the chemical formula (V) a trademark "NXT Low-V Silane” manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials, Inc. is commercially available.
- silane coupling agent represented by Chemical formula (VI) the trademark “NXT Ultra Low-V Silane” by Momentive Performance Materials, Inc. can be obtained similarly as a commercial item.
- silane coupling agent represented by chemical formula (VII) it can be mentioned as a trademark, “NXT-Z” manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials.
- silane coupling agents obtained by the above general formula (II), chemical formula (V) and chemical formula (VI) have a protected mercapto group, the initial vulcanization (scorch) during processing in the step prior to the vulcanization step The processability is improved because the occurrence of (2) can be prevented.
- the silane coupling agent obtained by the chemical formulas (V), (VI) and (VII) has a large number of carbon atoms of alkoxysilane, the generation of volatile compound VOC (especially alcohol) is small and it is preferable in the working environment.
- the silane coupling agent of the chemical formula (VII) is more preferable because of obtaining low heat buildup as tire performance.
- the silane coupling agent (C) according to the present invention is particularly preferably the compound represented by the above general formula (I).
- the silane coupling agent (C) according to the present invention preferably has a low sulfur content.
- a in the general formula (I) is 2 to 6 as an average value, preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4, still more preferably 2 to 3, and particularly preferably 2 to 2.5.
- k in the general formula (III) is 1 to 6 as an average value, preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1 to 4, still more preferably 1 to 3, and particularly preferably 1 to 2.5. .
- silane coupling agent (C) one type of silane coupling agent may be used alone, or two or more types may be used in combination.
- the compounding amount of the silane coupling agent (C) of the rubber composition according to the present invention is such that the mass ratio ⁇ silane coupling agent (C) / inorganic filler (B) ⁇ is (1/100) to (20/100) Is preferred. If it is (1/100) or more, the effect of improving the low heat buildup of the rubber composition will be exhibited more suitably, if it is (20/100) or less, the cost of the rubber composition will be reduced, which is economical. Is improved. Further, the mass ratio (3/100) to (20/100) is more preferable, and the mass ratio (4/100) to (10/100) is particularly preferable.
- the filler used in the method for producing a rubber composition of the present invention is a filler containing an inorganic filler (B) containing at least silica.
- any commercially available silica can be used as the silica, and among them, wet silica, dry silica and colloidal silica are preferably used, and wet silica is particularly preferably used.
- silica is essential as the inorganic filler (B) because silica is preferable from the viewpoint of achieving both low fuel consumption characteristics (rolling resistance characteristics) and abrasion resistance.
- the BET specific surface area of the silica is preferably 40 to 350 m 2 / g.
- Silica having a BET specific surface area in this range has an advantage of being able to achieve both the rubber reinforcing property and the dispersibility in the rubber component. From this viewpoint, silica having a BET specific surface area in the range of 80 to 350 m 2 / g is more preferable, silica having a BET specific surface area of more than 130 m 2 / g and 350 m 2 / g or less is more preferable, and the BET specific surface area is Silicas in the range of 135 to 350 m 2 / g are particularly preferred.
- an inorganic compound represented by the following general formula (VIII) can be used as the inorganic filler (B) other than silica.
- VIII an inorganic compound represented by the following general formula (VIII)
- M 1 is a metal selected from the group consisting of aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium, and zirconium, an oxide or hydroxide of these metals, a hydrate thereof, or a carbonate of these metals
- D x, y and z each represent an integer of 1 to 5, an integer of 0 to 10, an integer of 2 to 5, and an integer of 0 to 10.
- the inorganic compound is at least one metal, metal oxide or metal hydroxide selected from aluminum, magnesium, titanium, calcium and zirconium.
- alumina such as ⁇ -alumina or ⁇ -alumina, alumina monohydrate such as boehmite or diaspore (Al 2 O 3 ⁇ H 2 O) ), Gibbsite, bayerite, aluminum hydroxide [Al (OH) 3 ], aluminum carbonate [Al 2 (CO 3 ) 2 ], magnesium hydroxide [Mg (OH) 2 ], magnesium oxide (MgO), magnesium carbonate (MgCO 3 ), talc (3MgO ⁇ 4SiO 2 ⁇ H 2 O), attapulgite (5MgO ⁇ 8SiO 2 ⁇ 9H 2 O), titanium white (TiO 2 ), titanium black (TiO 2 n-1 ), calcium oxide (CaO) , calcium hydroxide [Ca (OH) 2], magnesium aluminum oxide (MgO ⁇ Al 2 O 3) , clay (Al 2 O 3 ⁇ 2SiO 2 ),
- M 1 in the general formula (VIII) is at least one selected from aluminum metal, oxide or hydroxide of aluminum, hydrate thereof, or carbonate of aluminum.
- These inorganic compounds represented by the general formula (VIII) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the average particle diameter of these inorganic compounds is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 10 ⁇ m, and more preferably in the range of 0.05 to 5 ⁇ m, from the viewpoint of the balance between the kneading workability, the abrasion resistance and the wet grip performance.
- the inorganic filler (B) may be used alone as silica, or silica may be used in combination with one or more of the inorganic compounds represented by the general formula (VIII).
- the filler in the present invention may optionally contain carbon black in addition to the above-mentioned inorganic filler (B).
- carbon black is not particularly limited.
- high, medium or low structure SAF, ISAF, IISAF, N339, HAF, FEF, GPF, SRF grade carbon black, especially SAF, ISAF, IISAF, N339, HAF, It is preferred to use FEF grade carbon black.
- the nitrogen adsorption specific surface area is preferably 30 to 250 m 2 / g. These carbon blacks may be used alone or in combination of two or more. In the present invention, carbon black is not included in the inorganic filler (B).
- the inorganic filler (B) is preferably used in an amount of 20 to 120 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A). If it is 20 mass parts or more, it is preferable from a viewpoint of ensuring wet performance, and if it is 120 mass parts or less, it is preferable from a viewpoint of rolling resistance reduction. Furthermore, it is more preferable to use 30 to 100 parts by mass.
- the filler is preferably used in an amount of 20 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component (A). If it is 20 mass parts or more, it is preferable from a viewpoint of a reinforcement improvement of a rubber composition, and if it is 150 mass parts or less, it is preferable from a viewpoint of rolling resistance reduction.
- the content of the inorganic filler (B) is preferably 30% by mass or more from the viewpoint of achieving both wet performance and rolling resistance, more preferably 40% by mass or more, and 70% by mass or more It is further preferred that When silica is used as the inorganic filler (B), the content of silica in the filler is preferably 30% by mass or more, and more preferably 35% by mass or more.
- the peptizer (D) is also called a peptizer and has conventionally been used to promote mastication and shorten mastication time in mastication of natural rubber It is.
- the peptizer those conventionally used can be used without particular limitation, but it is particularly preferable to contain a sulfur atom, more preferably two in one molecule. It is preferable to contain the above sulfur atom.
- peptizers (D) include, for example, o, o-dibenzamidodiphenyl disulfide, dixylyl disulfide, dibenzoyl disulfide, disulfides such as di (pentachlorophenyl), 2-thionaphthol, xylenethiol, penta Thiophenols such as chlorothiophenol, 4-tert-butyl-o-thiocresol, 4-tert-butyl-p-thiocresol, 4-butyl-o-thiocresol, 2-benzamidothiophenol, thiobenzoic acid, etc.
- thiocarboxylic acids of Also, use of metal salts or nonmetal salts of 2-benzamidothiophenol zinc salt, zinc salt of pentachlorothiophenol, zinc salt of 4-tert-butyl-o-thiocresol, zinc thiobenzoate and the like Can. Further, diacyl peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide, dialkyl peroxides such as dicumyl peroxide, and other organic peroxides can also be used.
- Examples of 4,4'-dithiomorpholine include 4,4'-dithiomorpholine, mixed dixylyl disulfides, zinc thiobenzoates, dibenzamidothiophenyl disulfides, mixtures of dibenzamidothiophenyl disulfides and stearic acid, alkylated phenolic sulfides, aromatic sulfur Examples thereof include compounds, organic complex compounds, dinitroso / resorcinol, high molecular weight oil-soluble sulfonic acid, and the like, and also a mixture of dibenzamidodiphenyl disulfide and stearic acid.
- a metal which comprises the said metal salt sodium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, calcium, barium, a cesium, zinc etc. are mentioned, for example, Among these, zinc is preferable.
- the nonmetal salts include ammonium salts. Of these salts, zinc salts are most preferred.
- Preferred examples of the peptizing accelerator (D) include compounds represented by the following formulas (IX) and (X). X-Ph-S-S-Ph-X ... (IX) X-Ph-S-Zn-S-Ph-X ... (X) (Wherein, Ph represents a phenyl group or a derivative thereof, and X represents a hydrocarbon group, a hydrocarbon group having a functional group containing at least a nitrogen atom, or a halogen atom)
- examples of the "phenyl group or derivative thereof" for Ph include 6-10 membered aryl groups such as phenyl group and naphthyl group, among which phenyl group Is preferred.
- the "hydrocarbon group” according to X for example, aliphatic hydrocarbon group (alkyl group etc.), alicyclic hydrocarbon group (phenyl group, naphthyl group etc.) etc. may be mentioned, among which alkyl group is mentioned preferable.
- a “hydrocarbon group which has a functional group containing an at least nitrogen atom” a benzoyl amino group etc. are mentioned, for example.
- halogen atom for example, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom can be mentioned.
- the peptizer may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the blending amount of the peptizer used in the present invention is preferably 0.05 to 10 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 6 parts by mass, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, and 0 More preferably, it is 2 to 2 parts by mass. If the addition amount is less than 0.05 parts by mass, it is difficult to obtain the intended effect of the present invention, and if it exceeds 10 parts by mass, the rubber tends to deteriorate or the cost increases unnecessarily. .
- the number of molecules (number of moles) of the peptizer (D) in the rubber composition in the first stage of kneading is 0.1 to 1.0 times the number of molecules of the silane coupling agent (C) Is preferably 0.2 to 0.8 times, more preferably 0.3 to 0.7 times. If the number of molecules (number of moles) of the peptizer (D) is less than 0.1 times, the desired effect of the present invention tends to be difficult to obtain, and if it is more than 1.0 times, the effect of increasing the amount And the cost increases unnecessarily, or there may be too many peptizers and the rubber may be degraded.
- Organic acid compound (E) As the organic acid compound (E) to be added to the rubber composition according to the present invention, stearic acid, palmitic acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, capric acid, pelargonic acid, caprylic acid, Saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids such as enanthate, caproic acid, oleic acid, vaccenic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, nervonic acid and organic acids such as resin acids such as rosin acid and modified rosin acid Examples thereof include saturated fatty acids and esters of resin acids.
- the number of molecules (number of moles) of the organic acid compound in the rubber composition in the first stage of kneading is 1.5 times the number of molecules (number of moles) of the peptizer (D) It is preferable that it is the following. It is for suppressing suitably that the activity improvement effect of the coupling function by the peptizing accelerator (D) mix
- at least 50 mol% or more of the organic acid compound contained in the rubber composition in the first stage of kneading is necessary because the function of the organic acid compound as a vulcanization acceleration auxiliary needs to be sufficiently exhibited.
- Preferred is stearic acid.
- the organic acid compound (E) contained in the rubber composition in the first stage of kneading may be contained. It is preferable that 50 mol% or more is at least one compound selected from rosin acids and fatty acids contained in at least one selected from the emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene copolymer and the natural rubber.
- the rosin acids (including modified rosin acids) and fatty acids contained in the emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene copolymer are derived from the emulsifiers necessary for polymerizing the emulsion-polymerized styrene-butadiene copolymer.
- natural rubber usually contains a small amount of fatty acid.
- various compounding agents such as a vulcanizing agent such as zinc white and an antiaging agent which are usually compounded in the rubber composition are, if necessary, the first stage or the final stage of kneading. It is kneaded at a stage or an intermediate stage between the first stage and the final stage.
- a kneading apparatus in the production method of the present invention a Banbury mixer, a roll, an intensive mixer, a kneader, a twin-screw extruder, etc. are used.
- the rubber composition of the present invention when used in a tire, can be produced as a tire by a conventional method. That is, a mixture in which the above-mentioned components are appropriately compounded, if necessary, is kneaded, extruded at the unvulcanized stage according to the shape of each member of the tire, and molded by a usual method on a tire molding machine Thus, an unvulcanized tire is formed.
- the unvulcanized tire is heated and pressurized in a vulcanizer to obtain a tire, which can be filled with air to form a pneumatic tire.
- the number of carbon atoms of a hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 20, more preferably 1 to 10, still more preferably 1 to 4, unless otherwise specified. Preferably it is 1.
- the various drugs used in the present specification are summarized below.
- the various chemicals were purified according to a conventional method as needed.
- NR Natural rubber
- RSS # 3 SBR 1 styrene-butadiene rubber
- SBR 2 styrene-butadiene rubber
- SLR 6430 high styrene, linear, polymer type non-modified SBR manufactured by Dow Co.
- BR1 butadiene rubber
- ML 1 + 4 100 ° C.
- BR2 butadiene rubber
- BR 730 high molecular weight high cis BR synthesized with Nd catalyst manufactured by JSR Corporation. Cis content: 97% by mass, trans content: 2% by mass, vinyl content: 1% by mass.
- Peptizing accelerator 4 Dixyl disulfide Distilling promoter 5: 2-Thionaphthol base kneading promoter 6: Dicumyl peroxide Sulfur: Powder sulfur vulcanization accelerator manufactured by Tsurumi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. 1: Ouchi emerging Noxceller NS (N-tert-butyl-2-benzothiazolylsulfenamide) manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- Vulcanization accelerator 2 Noxceler D (N, N'-diphenylguanidine) manufactured by Ouchi Shinko Chemical Co., Ltd.
- each chemical is added to the obtained kneaded product according to the formulation shown in the final step (finishing and kneading) of each table, and kneaded for 5 minutes at 80 ° C. using an open roll, and unvulcanized.
- a rubber composition was obtained.
- the obtained unvulcanized rubber composition was press vulcanized with a 0.5 mm-thick mold at 170 ° C. for 20 minutes to obtain a vulcanized rubber composition.
- a test piece is cut out of each vulcanized rubber composition, and the volume of each vulcanized rubber composition is used under a load of 50 N, a velocity of 20 km / h and a slip angle of 5 ° using a LAT tester (Laboratory Abration and Skid Tester). The amount of loss was measured.
- Comparative Example 1 In Table 1 (Examples 1 to 21 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6), Comparative Example 1 is used, and in Table 2 (Examples 22 to 24 and Comparative Examples 7 to 11), Comparative Example 7 is used. In Examples 25 to 28 and Comparative Examples 12 to 17), Comparative Example 12 is used. In Table 4 (Examples 29 to 31 and Comparative Examples 18 to 21), Comparative Example 18 is used.
- Comparative Example 22 in Table 6 Examples 35 to 39, Comparative Examples 27 to 32
- Comparative Example 27 in Table 7 Examples 40 to 42, Comparative Examples 33 to 36
- Comparative Example 37 in Table 8 Examples 43 to 45, Comparative Examples 37 to 41
- Comparative Example 42 in Table 9 Examples 46 to 48, Comparative Examples 42 to 46
- Comparative Example 47 is shown in Table 10 (Examples 49 to 51, Comparative Examples 47 to 50). ⁇ 52-54, Comparative Example 51 Comparative Examples 51-55), Table 12 (Examples 55-57, Comparative Example 56 In Comparative Examples 56-60), was with each reference comparative example.
- a method for producing a rubber composition for a tire having improved processability, wear resistance and fuel consumption characteristics in a well-balanced manner, and air produced using the rubber composition for a tire produced by the production method A tire can be provided.
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Abstract
Description
[1]天然ゴムまたは/および合成ジエン系ゴムを含むゴム成分(A)、シリカを少なくとも含む無機充填材(B)を含む充填材、シランカップリング剤(C)並びに素練り促進剤(D)を含んでなるゴム組成物の製造方法であって、
混練り工程が、加硫系薬品を含まない混練の第一段階と加硫系薬品を含む混練の最終段階の少なくとも二つの段階から構成されるものであり、
混練の第一段階は、ゴム成分(A)、無機充填材(B)の全部または一部を混練りしたのと同時乃至その後に、シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部加えて混練し、さらに該シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部を加えたのと同時乃至その後に、該素練り促進剤(D)を加えてさらに混練する工程を含んでなるものである、タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[2]素練り促進剤(D)が、下記一般式(IX)および(X)で表される化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、上記[1]記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
X-Ph-S-S-Ph-X ・・・(IX)
X-Ph-S-Zn-S-Ph-X ・・・(X)
(式中、Phはフェニル基またはその誘導体、Xは炭素と水素とを含む、または、炭素と水素と窒素とを含む官能基を表す。)
[3]混練の第一段階において、ゴム組成物の温度が75~180℃、好ましくは90~170℃、より好ましくは105~165℃、さらに好ましくは120~155℃、さらに好ましくは125~140℃に到達したときに素練り促進剤(D)を加える、上記[1]または[2]記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[4]混練の第一段階において、ゴム成分(A)にシランカップリング剤(C)を添加し終えた後、素練り促進剤(D)を添加するまでの時間が、180秒以内、好ましくは10~180秒、より好ましくは30~150秒、さらに好ましくは30~120秒である、上記[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[5]シランカップリング剤(C)が、下記一般式(I)~(IV)で表わされる化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である上記[1]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
aは平均値として2~6であり、pおよびrは同一でも異なっていてもよく、各々平均値として0~3である。但しpおよびrの双方が3であることはない。)
R16は一般式
(-S-R17-S-)、(-R18-Sm1-R19-)および(-R20-Sm2-R21-Sm3-R22-)のいずれかの二価の基(R17~R22は各々炭素数1~20の二価の炭化水素基、二価の芳香族基、または硫黄および酸素以外のヘテロ元素を含む二価の有機基であり、m1、m2およびm3は各々平均値として1以上4未満である。)であり、複数あるkは同一でも異なっていてもよく、各々平均値として1~6であり、sおよびtは各々平均値として0~3である。但しsおよびtの双方が3であることはない。)
[6]シランカップリング剤(C)が、一般式(I)で表わされる化合物である、上記[5]記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[7]充填材中の無機充填材(B)の含有量が30質量%以上、好ましくは40質量%以上、さらに好ましくは70質量%以上である上記[1]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[8]混練の第一段階におけるゴム組成物中の素練り促進剤(D)の分子数が、シランカップリング剤(C)の分子数の0.1~1.0倍、好ましくは0.2~0.8倍、より好ましくは0.3~0.7倍である、上記[1]~[7]のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[9]混練の第一段階におけるゴム組成物が有機酸化合物を含むものであり、該有機酸化合物中の50モル%以上が、ステアリン酸である、上記[1]~[8]のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法、
[10]上記[1]~[9]のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造されたタイヤ用ゴム組成物を用いて作製した空気入りタイヤ、
に関する。
本発明のゴム組成物の製造方法は、天然ゴムまたは/および合成ジエン系ゴムを含むゴム成分(A)、シリカを少なくも含む無機充填材(B)を含む充填材、シランカップリング剤(C)並びに素練り促進剤(D)を含むゴム組成物の製造方法であって、
混練り工程が、加硫系薬品を含まない混練の第一段階と加硫系薬品を含む混練の最終段階の少なくとも二つの段階から構成されるものであり、
混練の第一段階は、ゴム成分(A)、無機充填材(B)の全部または一部を混練りしたのと同時乃至その後に、シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部加えて混練し、さらに該シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部を加えたのと同時乃至その後に、該素練り促進剤(D)を加えてさらに混練する工程を含んでなるものであることを特徴とする。
混練の第一段階とは、ゴム成分(A)に、無機充填材(B)およびシランカップリング剤(C)を添加して混練する、いわゆる加硫系薬品を含まない混練段階であって、本発明においては、該第一段階で、素練り促進剤(D)を添加して混練りする点に特徴がある。本発明において、混練の第一段階で、素練り促進剤(D)を添加するのは、シランカップリング剤(C)のカップリング活性を高め、これにより、無機充填剤のゴム組成物への分散をより良好にするためである。また、素練り促進剤(D)を添加するタイミングを、「シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部を加えたのと同時乃至その後」とするのは、素練り促進剤(D)の配合によるカップリング活性の向上効果をさらに高めるためである。即ち、無機充填材(B)とシランカップリング剤(C)との反応が十分に進行した後に、シランカップリング剤(C)とゴム成分(A)との反応を進行させることができるからである。よって、混練の第一段階が「ゴム成分(A)、無機充填材(B)の一部を混練りしたのと同時乃至その後に、シランカップリング剤(C)の一部加えて混練し、さらに該シランカップリング剤(C)の一部を加えたのと同時乃至その後に、該素練り促進剤(D)を加えてさらに混練する工程を含んでなるもの」である場合においては、素練り促進剤(D)を加える時点では、無機充填剤(B)およびシランカップリング剤(C)はその全部を添加し終えていることが好ましい。すなわち、無機充填剤(B)およびシランカップリング剤(C)はその一部がより以前の工程で既に添加されていることが好ましい。なお、混練の第一段階は、ゴム成分(A)と無機充填材(B)とシランカップリング剤(C)とを混練する段階であって、例えば、これより以前の段階で、ゴム成分(A)と無機充填材(B)以外の充填材とを混練する段階や、ゴム成分(A)のみを予備練り(素練り)する段階は含まない趣旨である。ここで、加硫系薬品とは、加硫に係る薬品を示し、具体的には、例えば、加硫剤および加硫促進剤を指す。
本発明において、混練の最終段階とは、加硫系薬品を添加して混練りする、混練の最終段階をいう。
本発明におけるゴム組成物の混練工程は、混練の第一段階と混練の最終段階の間に、必要に応じ、さらに、混練の中間段階を含むものであってもよい。ここで、混練の中間段階とは、ゴム組成物に配合する薬品であって、上記(A)~(D)や加硫系薬品以外の薬品、例えば、無機充填剤(B)以外の充填剤などを添加して混練する段階である。
混練の第一段階において、ゴム組成物の最高温度は、120~190℃であることが好ましく、130~175℃であることがより好ましく、140~170℃であることがさらに好ましい。なお、混練時間は10秒から20分であることが好ましく、30秒から10分であることがより好ましく、60秒から5分であることがさらに好ましい。
本発明のゴム組成物の製造方法において、ゴム成分(A)は、天然ゴム(NR)または/および合成ジエン系ゴムを含むゴム成分であって、ここに、合成ジエン系ゴムとしては、スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体ゴム(SBR)、ポリブタジエンゴム(BR)、ポリイソプレンゴム(IR)、ブチルゴム(IIR)、エチレン-プロピレン-ジエン三元共重合体ゴム(EPDM)等を用いることができる。天然ゴムおよび合成ジエン系ゴムは、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上のブレンドとして用いてもよい。
本発明におけるシランカップリング剤(C)としては、ゴム工業において、従来からシリカと併用されるシランカップリング剤を使用することができ、例えば、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ジスルフィド、ビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)テトラスルフィド、Evonik Degussa社製のSi75(一分子中のSの数が平均2.4であるビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ポリスルフィド)等のスルフィド系、3-メルカプトプロピルトリメトキシシラン、3-メルカプトプロピルトリエトキシシラン、EVONIK-DEGUSSA社製のSi363、Momentive Performance Materials社製のNXT、NXT-Z30、NXT-Z45、NXT-Z60などのメルカプト系、ビニルトリエトキシシランなどのビニル系、3-アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランなどのアミノ系、γ-グリシドキシプロピルトリエトキシシランのグリシドキシ系、3-ニトロプロピルトリメトキシシランなどのニトロ系、3-クロロプロピルトリメトキシシランなどのクロロ系等のものが挙げられる。これらのうち、シリカの分散性の観点から、スルフィド系シランカップリング剤、メルカプト系シランカップリング剤が好ましい。
(-S-R17-S-)、(-R18-Sm1-R19-)および(-R20-Sm2-R21-Sm3-R22-)のいずれかの二価の基(R17~R22は各々炭素数1~20の二価の炭化水素基、二価の芳香族基、または硫黄および酸素以外のヘテロ元素を含む二価の有機基であり、m1、m2およびm3は各々平均値として1以上4未満である。)であり、複数あるkは同一でも異なっていてもよく、各々平均値として1~6であり、sおよびtは各々平均値として0~3である。但しsおよびtの双方が3であることはない。
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S2-(CH2)6-S2-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S2-(CH2)10-S2-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S3-(CH2)6-S3-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S4-(CH2)6-S4-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)6-S2-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)6-S2.5-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)6-S3-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)6-S4-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)10-S2-(CH2)10-S-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S4-(CH2)6-S4-(CH2)6-S4-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S2-(CH2)6-S2-(CH2)6-S2-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3、
平均組成式(CH3CH2O)3Si-(CH2)3-S-(CH2)6-S2-(CH2)6-S2-(CH2)6-S-(CH2)3-Si(OCH2CH3)3等で表される化合物が好適に挙げられる。
本発明のゴム組成物の製造方法に用いられる充填剤は、シリカを少なくとも含む無機充填剤(B)を含む充填剤である。
無機充填剤(B)において、シリカとしては、市販のあらゆるものが使用でき、なかでも湿式シリカ、乾式シリカ、コロイダルシリカを用いるのが好ましく、湿式シリカを用いるのが特に好ましい。本発明においては、無機充填材(B)としてシリカを必須としているのは、シリカが、低燃費特性(転がり抵抗特性)と耐摩耗性の両立の観点から好ましいからである。
dM1・xSiOy・zH2O ・・・(VIII)
(式中、M1は、アルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウム、およびジルコニウムからなる群から選ばれる金属、これらの金属の酸化物または水酸化物、およびそれらの水和物、またはこれらの金属の炭酸塩から選ばれる少なくとも一種であり、d、x、yおよびzは、それぞれ1~5の整数、0~10の整数、2~5の整数、および0~10の整数である。但し、x、zがともに0である場合には、該無機化合物はアルミニウム、マグネシウム、チタン、カルシウムおよびジルコニウムから選ばれる少なくとも1つの金属、金属酸化物または金属水酸化物である。)
本発明において、素練り促進剤(D)は、しゃっ解剤とも呼ばれ、従来より、天然ゴムの素練りにおいて、素練りを促進し、素練り時間を短縮するために利用されているものである。本発明において、素練り促進剤は、従来から使用されているものを特に限定なく使用することができるが、とりわけ、硫黄原子を含むものであることが好ましく、より好ましくは、一分子中に、2個以上の硫黄原子を含むものであることが好ましい。
X-Ph-S-S-Ph-X ・・・(IX)
X-Ph-S-Zn-S-Ph-X ・・・(X)
(式中、Phはフェニル基またはその誘導体を表し、Xは炭化水素基、少なくとも窒素原子を含む官能基を有する炭化水素基、またはハロゲン原子を表す。)
本発明の製造方法においては、上記薬品以外に、この分野で通常配合される薬品、例えば、オイル、ワックス、老化防止剤、ステアリン酸などの有機酸化合物、酸化亜鉛などの他、硫黄や加硫促進剤などの加硫系薬品を、適宜配合することができる。
本発明に係るゴム組成物に配合される有機酸化合物(E)としては、ステアリン酸、パルミチン酸、ミリスチン酸、ラウリン酸、アラキジン酸、ベヘン酸、リグノセリン酸、カプリン酸、ペラルゴン酸、カプリル酸、エナント酸、カプロン酸、オレイン酸、バクセン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、ネルボン酸等の飽和脂肪酸および不飽和脂肪酸並びにロジン酸や変性ロジン酸等の樹脂酸などの有機酸、前記飽和脂肪酸および前記不飽和脂肪酸並びに樹脂酸のエステルなどが挙げられる。本発明の製造方法においては、混練りの第一段階におけるゴム組成物中の有機酸化合物の分子数(モル数)が素練り促進剤(D)の分子数(モル数)の1.5倍以下であることが好ましい。素練り促進剤(D)配合によるカップリング機能の活性向上効果が低減するのを好適に抑制するためである。本発明においては、加硫促進助剤としての有機酸化合物の機能を十分に発揮させる必要があることから、混練の第一段階におけるゴム組成物に含まれる有機酸化合物中の50モル%以上がステアリン酸であることが好ましい。また、ゴム成分(A)が乳化重合スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体および天然ゴムから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む場合は、混練の第一段階におけるゴム組成物に含まれる有機酸化合物(E)中の50モル%以上が、該乳化重合スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体および該天然ゴムから選ばれる少なくとも1種に含まれる、ロジン酸および脂肪酸から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であることが好ましい。乳化重合スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体に含まれるロジン酸(変性ロジン酸も包含される。)および脂肪酸は、乳化重合スチレン-ブタジエン共重合体を重合するのに必要な乳化剤に由来するものである。また、天然ゴムは、通常、脂肪酸を少量含んでいる。
本発明のゴム組成物は、タイヤに使用される場合には、通常の方法により、タイヤとして製造することができる。すなわち、必要に応じて前記成分を適宜配合した混合物を混練りし、未加硫の段階でタイヤの各部材の形状に合わせて押出し加工し、タイヤ成形機上にて通常の方法で成形することにより、未加硫タイヤを形成する。この未加硫タイヤを加硫機中で加熱加圧することによりタイヤを得ることができ、これに空気を入れ、空気入りタイヤとすることができる。
NR(天然ゴム):RSS#3
SBR1(スチレンブタジエンゴム):日本ゼオン(株)製のNipol NS116R(溶液重合SBR、結合スチレン量:22質量%、ビニル結合量:65質量%、Tg=-25℃)
SBR2(スチレンブタジエンゴム):ダウ社製のSLR6430(高スチレン、リニア、高分子タイプ非変性SBR。結合スチレン量:40質量%、ビニル含量:14質量%、Mw:200万、Mn:190万、Mw/Mn=1.05)
BR1(ブタジエンゴム):宇部興産(株)のBR150B(Cis 1,4結合量=97質量%、ML1+4(100℃)=40、25℃における5%トルエン溶液粘度=48、Mw/Mn=3.3)
BR2(ブタジエンゴム):JSR(株)製のBR730(Nd触媒にて合成した高分子量高シスBR。シス含量:97質量%、トランス含量:2質量%、ビニル含量:1質量%。Mw=60万、Mn=30万、Tcp=190、ML1+4(100℃)=51)
BR3(ブタジエンゴム):宇部興産(株)のBR150L(Cis 1,4結合量=98質量%、ML1+4(100℃)=43、Mw=60×104、Mw/Mn=4.3)
シリカ1:Evonik Degussa社製のUltrasil VN3(N2SA:170m2/g)
シリカ2:Rhodia社製のZeosil Premium 200 MP(CTAB比表面積:200m2/g、BET比表面積:220m2/g、平均1次粒子径:10nm、アグリゲートサイズ:65nm)
シランカップリング剤1:Evonik Degussa社製のSi75(一分子中のSの数が平均2.4であるビス(3-トリエトキシシリルプロピル)ポリスルフィド)
シランカップリング剤2:Momentive Performance Materials社製のNXT Low-V Silane(上記一般式(V)で表される化合物)
シランカップリング剤3:Momentive Performance Materials社製のNXT-Z45(上記一般式(VII)において、x:yのモル比が55:45である化合物)
シランカップリング剤4:Evonik Degussa社製のSi363(下式で示される化合物)
カーボンブラック:昭和キャボット(株)製のN110(N2SA:130m2/g)
オイル:(株)ジャパンエナジー製のX-140
ワックス:大内新興化学工業(株)製のサンノックワックス
老化防止剤:住友化学(株)製のアンチゲン6C(N-(1,3-ジメチルブチル)-N’-フェニル-p-フェニレンジアミン)
ステアリン酸:日油(株)製の桐
酸化亜鉛:三井金属工業(株)製の亜鉛華1号
素練り促進剤1:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクタイザーSS(o,o’-ジベンズアミドジフェニルジスルフィド 分子量=456.58)
素練り促進剤2:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクタイザーSZ(o-ベンズアミドチオフェノールの亜鉛塩 分子量=521.97)
素練り促進剤3:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクタイザーSD(o,o’-ジベンズアミドジフェニルジスルフィド:ステアリン酸=22:78の混合物)
素練り促進剤4:ジキシリルジスルフィド
素練り促進剤5:2-チオナフトール
素練り促進剤6:ジクミルパーオキサイド
硫黄:鶴見化学工業(株)製の粉末硫黄
加硫促進剤1:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーNS(N-tert-ブチル-2-ベンゾチアゾリルスルフェンアミド)
加硫促進剤2:大内新興化学工業(株)製のノクセラーD(N,N’-ジフェニルグアニジン)
(混練の第一段階)
各薬品を、各表のX練りに示す配合処方(配合量の単位はすべて質量部)に従い、(株)神戸製鋼所製の1.7Lバンバリーミキサーを用いて、5分間混練りし、排出温度を160℃として、混練り物を得た。
次に、実施例1~13、17~21、比較例1~2以外については、得られた混練り物に、各表のY練りに示す配合処方に従い、各薬品を添加し、(株)神戸製鋼所製の1.7Lバンバリーミキサーを用いて4分間練り込み、排出温度を155℃として、混練り物を得た。
なお、各表において、「シランカップリング剤を加えた後、素練り促進剤を加えるまでの時間(S)」および「素練り促進剤を加えたときのゴム組成物の温度(℃)」とは、実施例1~13および17~21については、X練りにおけるこれら時間および温度を表し、実施例14~16および22~57については、Y練りにおけるこれら時間および温度を表す。
さらに、得られた混練り物に、各表の最終段階(仕上げ練り)に示す配合処方に従い、各薬品を添加し、オープンロールを用いて、80℃の条件下で5分間練り込み、未加硫ゴム組成物を得た。
得られた未加硫ゴム組成物を、170℃で20分間、0.5mm厚の金型でプレス加硫し、加硫ゴム組成物を得た。
各未加硫ゴム組成物について、ロール加工後のゴムシートの平滑度を、目視にて官能評価した。評価は、下記項目に関して、基準比較例(基準比較例については後記参照)の評価値を3として、5段階にて実施した。数字が大きい方が優れていることを示す。
評価項目:表面・エッジの平滑度
各加硫ゴム組成物からの試験片を切り出し、(株)上島製作所製の粘弾性スペクトロメーターを用いて、初期歪10%、動歪み2%、周波数10Hzの条件下で、30℃における加硫ゴムシートの損失正接(tanδ)を測定し、基準比較例の低燃費性指数を100とし、以下の計算式により、各配合のtanδをそれぞれ指数表示した。低燃費性指数が大きいほど、低燃費性に優れることを示す。
(低燃費性指数)=(基準比較例のtanδ)÷(各配合のtanδ)×100
各加硫ゴム組成物から試験片を切り出し、LAT試験機(Laboratory Abration and Skid Tester)を用い、荷重50N、速度20km/h、スリップアングル5°の条件にて、各加硫ゴム組成物の容積損失量を測定した。基準比較例の耐摩耗性指数を100とし、以下の計算式により、各配合の容積損失量をそれぞれ指数表示した。耐摩耗性指数が大きいほど耐摩耗性に優れている。
(耐摩耗性指数)=(基準比較例の容積損失量)÷(各配合の容積損失量)×100
Claims (10)
- 天然ゴムまたは/および合成ジエン系ゴムを含むゴム成分(A)、シリカを少なくとも含む無機充填材(B)を含む充填材、シランカップリング剤(C)並びに素練り促進剤(D)を含んでなるゴム組成物の製造方法であって、
混練り工程が、加硫系薬品を含まない混練の第一段階と加硫系薬品を含む混練の最終段階の少なくとも二つの段階から構成されるものであり、
混練の第一段階は、ゴム成分(A)、無機充填材(B)の全部または一部を混練りしたのと同時乃至その後に、シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部加えて混練し、さらに該シランカップリング剤(C)の全部または一部を加えたのと同時乃至その後に、該素練り促進剤(D)を加えてさらに混練する工程を含んでなるものである、タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。 - 素練り促進剤(D)が、下記一般式(IX)および(X)で表される化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
X-Ph-S-S-Ph-X ・・・(IX)
X-Ph-S-Zn-S-Ph-X ・・・(X)
(式中、Phはフェニル基またはその誘導体、Xは炭素と水素とを含む、または、炭素と水素と窒素とを含む官能基を表す。) - 混練の第一段階において、ゴム組成物の温度が75~180℃に到達したときに素練り促進剤(D)を加える、請求項1または2記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
- 混練の第一段階において、ゴム成分(A)にシランカップリング剤(C)を添加し終えた後、素練り促進剤(D)を添加するまでの時間が、180秒以内である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
- シランカップリング剤(C)が、下記一般式(I)~(IV)で表わされる化合物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
aは平均値として2~6であり、pおよびrは同一でも異なっていてもよく、各々平均値として0~3である。但しpおよびrの双方が3であることはない。)
R16は一般式
(-S-R17-S-)、(-R18-Sm1-R19-)および(-R20-Sm2-R21-Sm3-R22-)のいずれかの二価の基(R17~R22は各々炭素数1~20の二価の炭化水素基、二価の芳香族基、または硫黄および酸素以外のヘテロ元素を含む二価の有機基であり、m1、m2およびm3は各々平均値として1以上4未満である。)であり、複数あるkは同一でも異なっていてもよく、各々平均値として1~6であり、sおよびtは各々平均値として0~3である。但しsおよびtの双方が3であることはない。)
- シランカップリング剤(C)が、一般式(I)で表わされる化合物である、請求項5記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
- 充填材中の無機充填材(B)の含有量が30質量%以上である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
- 混練の第一段階におけるゴム組成物中の素練り促進剤(D)の分子数が、シランカップリング剤(C)の分子数の0.1~1.0倍である、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
- 混練の第一段階におけるゴム組成物が有機酸化合物を含むものであり、該有機酸化合物中の50モル%以上が、ステアリン酸である、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のタイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法により製造されたタイヤ用ゴム組成物を用いて作製した空気入りタイヤ。
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US15/319,327 US20170145194A1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2015-06-16 | Process for preparing rubber composition for tire and pneumatic tire |
CN201580035041.7A CN106661237B (zh) | 2014-07-15 | 2015-06-16 | 制造用于轮胎和充气轮胎的橡胶组合物的方法 |
EP15822551.6A EP3144341B1 (en) | 2014-07-15 | 2015-06-16 | Method for producing rubber composition for tires, and pneumatic tire |
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EP3263360A1 (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2018-01-03 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Rubber composition and tire |
JP2018080316A (ja) * | 2016-11-10 | 2018-05-24 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | ゴム組成物の製造方法 |
JP2019065270A (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-25 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤ |
JP2020094157A (ja) * | 2018-12-14 | 2020-06-18 | 住友ゴム工業株式会社 | タイヤ用ゴム組成物の製造方法 |
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US20190100643A1 (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-04 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire |
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