WO2015188727A1 - 氮杂环丁酮化合物制备方法及其中间体 - Google Patents
氮杂环丁酮化合物制备方法及其中间体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015188727A1 WO2015188727A1 PCT/CN2015/080893 CN2015080893W WO2015188727A1 WO 2015188727 A1 WO2015188727 A1 WO 2015188727A1 CN 2015080893 W CN2015080893 W CN 2015080893W WO 2015188727 A1 WO2015188727 A1 WO 2015188727A1
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- 0 C[*+]CC(c1ccc(*)cc1)=CCCC(O)=O Chemical compound C[*+]CC(c1ccc(*)cc1)=CCCC(O)=O 0.000 description 8
- IAVXLZRQVCBBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N OC(C(CC=C(COC(c1cc(N=O)ccc1)=O)c(cc1)ccc1F)S1CC1)=O Chemical compound OC(C(CC=C(COC(c1cc(N=O)ccc1)=O)c(cc1)ccc1F)S1CC1)=O IAVXLZRQVCBBBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HEHHPZYUXSFAPV-XWMRCRFSSA-N OC/C(/c(cc1)ccc1F)=C\C[C@H](C(c(cc1)ccc1O)N1c(cc2)ccc2F)C1=O Chemical compound OC/C(/c(cc1)ccc1F)=C\C[C@H](C(c(cc1)ccc1O)N1c(cc2)ccc2F)C1=O HEHHPZYUXSFAPV-XWMRCRFSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNNJGDYPPLXJFF-OQLLNIDSSA-N Oc1ccc(/C=N/c(cc2)ccc2F)cc1 Chemical compound Oc1ccc(/C=N/c(cc2)ccc2F)cc1 VNNJGDYPPLXJFF-OQLLNIDSSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07D205/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D205/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings
- C07D205/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D205/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta-lactams
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
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- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/347—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups
- C07C51/367—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C59/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C59/40—Unsaturated compounds
- C07C59/42—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups
- C07C59/56—Unsaturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups containing halogen
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/317—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups
- C07C67/327—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups by elimination of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/30—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group
- C07C67/333—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton
- C07C67/343—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton by increase in the number of carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/62—Halogen-containing esters
- C07C69/65—Halogen-containing esters of unsaturated acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/66—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety
- C07C69/73—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of unsaturated acids
- C07C69/732—Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxylic groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, groups, groups, or in the acid moiety of unsaturated acids of unsaturated hydroxy carboxylic acids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of chemistry, and in particular to a cholesterol absorption inhibitor of the compound of formula (I), namely (3R,4S)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)- A novel preparation method of 4-hydroxybutyl-2(Z)-ene]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-azetidinone and a synthetic intermediate thereof.
- statins which are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, which can effectively inhibit the biosynthesis of cholesterol in the body; the other is to prevent the absorption of cholesterol from the small intestine.
- Ezetimibe is a commonly used cholesterol absorption inhibitor.
- U.S. Patent (US 5,846,966) describes ezetimibe, which has the following chemical structure:
- the side chain on the 3-position carbon of the azetidinone of the compound is a chiral benzyl alcohol, and the chiral carbon is in the S configuration.
- the structure-activity relationship shows that the S configuration is better than the R configuration, which indicates that the stereochemistry of the benzylic carbon is very important.
- WO 2011/017907 reports a new class of azetidinone compounds which are also effective in inhibiting the absorption of cholesterol, but the side chain at the 3-position carbon of azetidinone is not a chiral benzyl alcohol, but An achiral allyl alcohol, and the Z-configuration double bond exhibits much better efficacy than the E-configuration double bond.
- the most potent compound of this class (3R,4S)-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-hydroxybutyl-2 (Z)
- the chemical structure of the 1-alkenyl-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-azetidinone is as follows:
- the present invention provides a novel process for the preparation of such azetidinone.
- the new process raw material is easy to obtain, the synthesis steps are few, and the Z configuration double bond can be generated stereoscopically, the operation is simple, the yield is high, the cost is low, and the invention can be used for industrial production.
- One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a novel key intermediate (compound of formula III, formula IV, formula V) for the preparation of a compound of formula (I) and a process for its preparation:
- R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, more preferably a methyl group.
- the ketone of the formula II is selectively subjected to Grignard addition using a Grignard reagent 4-fluorophenyl magnesium halide to obtain a tertiary alcohol of the formula III:
- R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, more preferably a methyl group; and X is a halogen, preferably chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- the Grignard reagent 4-fluorophenyl magnesium halide of this reaction is preferably 4-fluorophenyl magnesium bromide.
- the molar ratio of the compound of the formula II to the 4-fluorophenyl magnesium halide of the Grignard reagent in the reaction is from 1:1.0 to 5.0, preferably from 1:1.1 to 3.0.
- the reaction temperature is controlled at -78 ° C to -5 ° C, preferably -50 ° C to -10 ° C.
- R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, more preferably a methyl group.
- the dehydrating agent is selected from the group consisting of concentrated sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride or methanesulfonic acid, preferably trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride.
- the molar ratio of the compound of the formula III to the dehydrating agent is from 1:1.0 to 3.0, preferably from 1:1.0 to 1.5.
- the solvent for the reaction is selected from dichloromethane or toluene, preferably dichloromethane.
- R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, more preferably a methyl group.
- the reducing agent for this reaction is preferably diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAH).
- the solvent for the reaction is selected from the group consisting of dichloromethane, tetrahydrofuran, toluene or dioxane, preferably toluene.
- the molar ratio of the compound of the reaction formula IV to the reducing agent is from 1:2.5 to 5.0, preferably from 1:3.0 to 4.0.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a novel process for the preparation of a compound of the formula (I) according to the above intermediate, which further provides an improved, simple, selective and high yield of the compound of the formula (I). method.
- the compound of the formula (I) is a novel azetidinone compound capable of lowering blood cholesterol.
- the method includes the following steps:
- R 1 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, more preferably methyl;
- X is halogen, preferably chlorine, bromine or iodine.
- R 2 is an alcohol hydroxy protecting group such as an acetyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group (the "substituted” includes a halogen, an alkyl group, a nitro group) and the like.
- carboxylic acid represented by the formula VI is reacted with an acylating agent to form a mixed anhydride; or the carboxylic acid represented by the formula VI and a phosphorus trihalide, phosphorus pentoxide, chlorine disulfoxide (SOCl 2 ), oxalyl chloride ((COCl) 2 ) or phosgene (COCl 2 ) reacts to form an acid halide;
- X is chlorine or bromine.
- step (4) and the step (5) may also be combined, that is, the compound of the formula V is prepared by a one-pot method of the compound of the formula V, and the steps include: firstly protecting the alcoholic hydroxyl group represented by the formula V in a suitable solvent.
- the compound represented by VI without isolation and purification, directly converts the carboxylic acid represented by the formula VI into a mixed anhydride or acid halide, and then with the chiral auxiliary (S)-4-phenyl group represented by the formula VII.
- the 2-oxazolidinone is reacted to obtain an oxazolidinone derivative of the formula VIII:
- carboxylic acid represented by the formula VI is reacted with an acylating agent to form a mixed anhydride; or the carboxylic acid represented by the formula VI and a phosphorus trihalide, phosphorus chlorohalide sulfoxide (SOCl 2 ), oxalyl chloride ((COCl) 2 Or phosgene (COCl 2 ) reacts to form an acid chloride halide;
- X is chlorine or bromine.
- R 2 and R 3 are each a hydroxy protecting group, such as an acetyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group (the "substitution” includes a halogen, an alkyl group, a nitro group), etc., which may be the same or different. .
- R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, more preferably a methyl group; and both R 2 and R 3 are a hydroxy protecting group such as an acetyl group.
- R 1 is a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group or an isopropyl group, more preferably a methyl group
- both R 2 and R 3 are a hydroxy protecting group such as an acetyl group.
- a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group includes a halogen, an alkyl group, a nitro group), etc., which may be the same or different.
- the molar ratio of the compound of the formula II to the Grignard reagent 4-fluorophenyl magnesium halide is 1:1.0 to 5.0, preferably 1:1.1 to 3.0; the Grignard reagent 4-fluorophenyl halogenated
- the magnesium is preferably 4-fluorophenylmagnesium bromide; the reaction temperature is controlled from -78 ° C to -5 ° C, preferably from -50 ° C to -10 ° C.
- the dehydrating agent is selected from the group consisting of concentrated sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, phosphoric acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride or methanesulfonic acid, preferably trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride; molar ratio of the compound of formula III to the dehydrating agent. It is 1:1.0 to 3.0, preferably 1:1.0 to 1.5; the reaction solvent is selected from dichloromethane or toluene, preferably dichloromethane.
- the molar ratio of the compound of the formula IV to the reducing agent is 1:2.5 to 5.0, preferably 1:3.0 to 4.0; the reducing agent is preferably diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAH); the reaction solvent is selected from dichloromethane. Tetrahydrofuran, toluene or dioxane, preferably toluene.
- DIBAH diisobutylaluminum hydride
- the alcohol hydroxy protecting group R 2 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group, more preferably a substituted benzoyl group, wherein the "substituted" is preferably substituted with a nitro group, more preferably with a nitro group.
- the solvent for the reaction is selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1,3-two Methyl propylene urea (DMPU) or hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA), preferably N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA);
- the molar ratio of compound V to hydroxy protecting agent is 1:1.0-3.0, It is preferably 1:1.2 to 2.3.
- the acylating agent is selected from the group consisting of pivaloyl chloride, 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride or isobutyl chloroformate, preferably pivaloyl chloride or 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride; a compound of the formula VI
- the molar ratio to the acylating agent is 1:1.0 to 2.0, preferably 1:1.1 to 1.6; the compound of the formula VI and the chiral auxiliary (S)-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone of the formula VII
- the molar ratio is from 1:0.5 to 1.5, preferably from 1:0.8 to 1.1.
- step (4) and step (5) are combined into one step, that is, when the compound of formula VIII is prepared by a one-pot method of the compound of formula V, the alcohol hydroxy protecting group R 2 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group, more preferably substituted benzene.
- Formyl wherein the "substitution" is preferably substituted with a nitro group, more preferably with a nitro group at the 3-position;
- the solvent is selected from the group consisting of N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N,N-dimethyl Acetamide (DMA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 1,3-dimethylpropenuril (DMPU) or hexamethylphosphoric triamide (HMPA), preferably N,N-dimethylacetamide ( DMA);
- the molar ratio of the compound V to the alcoholic hydroxyl protecting agent is from 1:1.0 to 3.0, preferably from 1:1.0 to 1.5;
- the acylating agent is selected from the group consisting of pivaloyl chloride, 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride or isobutyl chloroformate, Preference is given to pivaloyl chloride or 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride;
- the molar ratio of compound V to acylating agent is from 1:1.0
- the phenolic hydroxyl protecting group R 3 is preferably a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group, more preferably a substituted benzoyl group, wherein the "substituted" is preferably substituted with a nitro group, more preferably with a nitro group.
- the tertiary amine is preferably diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA);
- DIPEA diisopropylethylamine
- the molar ratio of the compound of the formula VIII to the imine (compound of the formula IX) is from 1:1.0 to 2.0, preferably from 1:1.0 to 1.2;
- the reaction temperature is controlled In the range of -90 ° C to 0 ° C, preferably -80 ° C to -20 ° C;
- the post-treatment quenching reaction may be selected from the mixture of an alcohol, an acid or an acid diluted with an organic solvent; wherein the alcohol used is selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, and C.
- Alcohol isopropanol, tert-butanol, preferably isopropanol; wherein the acid used is selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids and organic acids, including hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrobromic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, benzoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, citric acid, maleic acid or tartaric acid, preferably organic acids, including formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, methanesulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, Benzoic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, citric acid, maleic acid or tartaric acid, more preferably acetic acid Trifluoroacetate.
- the reaction solvent is selected from acetonitrile or toluene, preferably toluene; and the molar ratio of the compound of the formula XI to N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide (BSA) is 1:1.0 to 5.0, preferably 1: 2.0 to 4.0; the molar ratio of the compound of the formula XI to tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate (TBAF) is from 1:0.1 to 0.5, preferably from 1:0.1 to 0.3.
- BSA N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide
- TBAF tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate
- the solvent used for the deprotection of the compound of the formula XII, XIII, XIV is preferably acetone, and the base used is preferably an aqueous lithium hydroxide solution; the molar ratio of the base used to the compound XI in the step (7) is 3.0 to 5.0:1. .
- the invention also relates to protecting intermediates of formula III, formula IV and formula V.
- Halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
- Alkyl as a group or part of a group refers to a straight or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group. Most preferred are C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups unless otherwise indicated. Examples of straight or branched C 1 -C 6 alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 2-propyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, Heji and so on.
- Root temperature means 20 to 30 °C.
- Step (1)
- Step (2)
- Step (3)
- Step (4)
- Step (6)
- Step (8)
- Tf 2 O is trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride
- DIBAH is diisobutylaluminum hydride
- DMAP is 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- DIPEA is diisopropylethylamine
- BSA is N,O-double (trimethylsilyl)acetamide
- TBAF is tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate, wherein R 1 is C 1 -C 6 alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl or isopropyl, more preferably methyl;
- R 2 And R 3 are both a hydroxy protecting group such as an acetyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl group (the "substituted” includes a halogen, an alkyl group, a nitro group), and the like, and the two may be the same or different.
- the ketone carbonyl group represented by the formula II is added to the Grignard reagent to form an alcohol represented by the formula III.
- the reaction process is as follows: a compound of the formula II (1 equivalent) is added to an anhydrous solvent (for example, tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether, preferably tetrahydrofuran), and the temperature is lowered, and the mixture is added at -78 ° C to -5 ° C (preferably -50 ° C to -10 ° C).
- anhydrous solvent for example, tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether, preferably tetrahydrofuran
- Grignard reagent for example, 4-fluorophenyl magnesium halide, preferably 4-fluorophenyl magnesium bromide
- stirring and stirring for 1 to 2 hours, and then terminated with an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride reaction.
- the product of formula III is isolated by extraction and purification by crystallization.
- the raw material carboxylic acid ketone ester (the compound of the formula II) can be synthesized by a literature method (Tetrahedron Letters, 1994, 35, 6089-6092), that is, in an acetonitrile solvent, cyclopentanone-2-carboxylate in a copper salt (
- the ketone of formula II is obtained by oxidative ring opening under the catalysis of CuCl 2 ⁇ 2H 2 O, CuSO 4 ⁇ 5H 2 O, Cu(OAc) 2 ⁇ H 2 O or Cu(ClO 4 ) 2 ⁇ 6H 2 O).
- the reaction formula is as follows:
- the tertiary alcohol represented by the formula III is stereoselectively dehydrated to form a (Z)-a, ⁇ -unsaturated ester represented by the formula IV.
- Document J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71, 5039-5042 reports on a-aryl-a groups
- the hydroxy ester is selectively dehydrated by a dehydrating agent (trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride) and a base (such as pyridine or DMAP) to give a (Z)-a-aryl-a, ⁇ -unsaturated ester.
- the reaction time reported in the literature is long (10-12 hours at room temperature), and it is not reported whether or not the ⁇ -carboxy-a-aryl-a-hydroxy ester is suitable for the reaction.
- the method of the invention improves the reaction in the prior art literature, so that the (Z)- ⁇ -carboxy-a-aryl-a, ⁇ -unsaturated ester can be prepared with high efficiency and selectivity, and the reaction time is short after the improvement.
- the selectivity is good and does not require base (pyridine or DMAP) catalysis.
- the carboxylic acid hydroxy ester (compound of formula III, 1 equivalent) is dissolved in a non-polar anhydrous solvent (for example dichloromethane), and 1.0 to 3.0 equivalents (preferably 1.0 to 1.5 equivalents) are added at 5 ° C to 15 ° C for dehydration.
- a non-polar anhydrous solvent for example dichloromethane
- 1.0 to 3.0 equivalents preferably 1.0 to 1.5 equivalents
- the reagent preferably trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride
- the product of formula IV is isolated by extraction.
- the ester group in the compound of the formula IV is selectively reduced while leaving the carboxyl group.
- the compound of the formula IV (1 equivalent) is dissolved in a suitable solvent (preferably toluene), and a base such as triethylamine or diisopropylethylamine is added at room temperature to form a salt of the carboxyl group, followed by cooling, at -30 ° C.
- a reducing agent preferably diisobutylaluminum hydride
- reaction solution is slowly added dropwise to a base (for example, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide or aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, preferably aqueous sodium hydroxide solution) at a temperature t ⁇ 15 ° C, stirred, layered, and water phase first.
- a base for example, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide or aqueous sodium hydroxide solution, preferably aqueous sodium hydroxide solution
- the organic impurities are extracted by extraction with a suitable solvent (for example, dichloromethane), and then acidified with an acid (for example, hydrochloric acid), followed by extraction with a suitable solvent (for example, ethyl acetate), and the product is isolated and purified by crystallization (Z).
- a suitable solvent for example, dichloromethane
- an acid for example, hydrochloric acid
- a suitable solvent for example, ethyl acetate
- the hydroxyl group in the compound of the formula V is selectively protected, and the carboxyl group is retained.
- the compound of the formula V (1 equivalent) is dissolved in a suitable anhydrous solvent (preferably N,N-dimethylacetamide), and 1.0 to 3.0 equivalents (preferably 1.2 to 2.3 equivalents) are added at -5 to 40 °C.
- the hydroxy protecting agent preferably nitrobenzoyl chloride, more preferably 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride
- the resulting mixed anhydride is hydrolyzed by the addition of a suitable base (e.g., pyridine), and then a base (e.g., imidazole) is added to remove the carboxylic acid salt of the hydrolyzed protective agent.
- a suitable base e.g., pyridine
- a base e.g., imidazole
- the product of formula VI is isolated by extraction.
- the compound of the formula VI (1 equivalent) is dissolved in an anhydrous inert solvent (for example, tetrahydrofuran or dichloromethane, preferably dichloromethane), and 1.0 to 2.0 equivalents (preferably 1.1 to 1.6) is added.
- an acylating agent for example, pivaloyl chloride, isobutyl chloroformate or 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride, preferably pivaloyl chloride or 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride
- a base such as triethylamine
- a chiral auxiliary represented by the formula VII ((S) -4-Phenyl-2-oxazolidinone) is added to the obtained mixed anhydride solution while adding 0.1 to 0.3 equivalent of a suitable catalyst (such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine), and the reaction is stirred at room temperature for 3 to 5 hours to condense.
- a suitable catalyst such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- step (4) can be combined with step (5) to prepare a compound of formula VIII in a one-pot process from a compound of formula V.
- the compound of the formula V (1 equivalent) is dissolved in a suitable anhydrous solvent (preferably N,N-dimethylacetamide), and 1.0 to 3.0 equivalents (preferably 1.0 to 1.5 equivalents) are added at -5 to 40 °C. a hydroxy protecting agent (preferably nitrobenzoyl chloride, more preferably 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride).
- a hydroxy protecting agent preferably nitrobenzoyl chloride, more preferably 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride.
- pivaloyl chloride, isobutyl chloroformate or 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride, preferably pivaloyl chloride or 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride, more preferably 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride) and base eg triethylamine
- an anhydrous inert solvent such as tetrahydrofuran or dichloromethane, preferably dichloromethane
- 0.5 to 1.5 equivalents (preferably 0.7 to 1.1 equivalents) of a chiral auxiliary VII ((S)-4-phenyl group) -2-oxazolidinone) and 0.1 to 0.5 equivalents of a suitable catalyst e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- a suitable catalyst e.g., 4-dimethylaminopyridine
- step (6) in a suitable anhydrous solvent (such as anhydrous dichloromethane), under the protection of a dry inert gas stream (such as nitrogen), the temperature is lowered, and the Lewis acid TiCl 4 is added at a temperature of -5 ° C to 0 ° C. (1.1 to 1.5 equivalents) and titanium tetraisopropoxide (0.3 to 0.5 equivalent), and the reaction is stirred for 20 to 40 minutes to prepare a titanium reagent, which is reserved for use.
- a suitable anhydrous solvent such as anhydrous dichloromethane
- the acylated oxazolidinone derivative of formula VIII (1 equivalent), the protected imine compound of formula IX (1.0 to 2.0 equivalents, preferably 1.0 to 1.2 equivalents) is then dissolved in an anhydrous solvent (eg, Anhydrous dichloromethane), a tertiary amine (such as diisopropylethylamine) is added, stirred for 10 minutes, cooled, and slowly added at a temperature of -90 ° C to 0 ° C (preferably -80 ° C to -20 ° C).
- an anhydrous solvent eg, Anhydrous dichloromethane
- a tertiary amine such as diisopropylethylamine
- the obtained titanium reagent is further kept warm, and after the reaction is completed, an appropriate amount of an acid (preferably acetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid) is added to quench the reaction.
- an acid preferably acetic acid or trifluoroacetic acid
- the compound of the formula XI (1 equivalent) is dissolved in a suitable solvent (for example, toluene), and 1.0 to 5.0 equivalents (preferably 2.0 to 4.0 equivalents) of N,O-bis(trimethylsilyl)acetamide is added.
- BSA a suitable solvent
- 0.1 to 0.5 equivalent preferably 0.1 to 0.3 equivalent
- TBAF tetrabutylammonium fluoride trihydrate
- step (8) a mixture of compounds of formula XII, XIII, XIV is dissolved in a suitable solvent (excellent In acetone selection, 3 to 5 equivalents (calculated as 1 equivalent of the compound XI in step 7) is added at room temperature.
- the base preferably aqueous lithium hydroxide
- the base is used to hydrolyze the hydroxy protecting group, and the reaction is stirred for 2 to 3 hours, using a weak acid (for example). Acidified, extracted, concentrated, and chromatographed to obtain a compound of formula I, which is then purified by recrystallization.
- the invention uses the ketone ester of the carboxylic acid represented by the formula II as a raw material, undergoes Grignard addition, stereoselective dehydration, ester group reduction, hydroxyl group protection, condensation with a chiral auxiliary agent, and addition with an imine, and finally closing the ring. Deprotection gives the compound of formula (I).
- the advantages of the present invention are summarized as follows:
- step 2 of the process stereoselectively obtaining Z-type olefins, allowing subsequent multi-step reactions to be carried out as a single isomer, simplifying the separation operation while reducing costs;
- a nitro-substituted benzoyl group is used, preferably a 3-substituted benzoyl group is used, and on the one hand, the crystallization of key intermediates is enhanced.
- the process material of the invention is easy to obtain, has few synthesis steps, simple operation, high yield, good stereo selectivity, low cost, and can be used for industrial scale production.
- Step 1 To a 100 L reaction tank, 12 Kg of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 60 L of methanol were added, stirred and dissolved, and 12 Kg of 4-fluoroaniline was added dropwise at room temperature, and the reaction was continued for 2 to 3 hours after the completion of the dropwise addition. The sample was subjected to TLC detection until the spot of the starting material (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) disappeared, and the solid produced by the reaction was filtered, dried, and weighed 19 kg (yield: 90%).
- Step 2 Add the product obtained in the first step and 200 L of dichloromethane to a 500 L reaction tank, stir to dissolve, add 22 Kg of triethylamine, 1.8 Kg of 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) at room temperature, and add 20 Kg of the solution.
- 50 L of a solution of 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride in dichloromethane was added, and the reaction was continued for 2 to 3 hours after the completion of the dropwise addition. Sampling by TLC was performed until the spots of the starting material (product obtained in step one) disappeared.
- the pH was adjusted to 4-6 with 2M hydrochloric acid, and the mixture was allowed to stand for separation.
- the organic phase was collected and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (30L ⁇ 2 times). The organic phase was combined and washed once with brine. The organic layer was dried, filtered, and evaporated to dryness.
- the pH was adjusted to 4-6 with 2M hydrochloric acid, and the mixture was allowed to stand for separation.
- the organic phase was collected and the aqueous phase was extracted with dichloromethane (30 mL ⁇ 2 times).
- the organic phase was combined and the aqueous imidazole solution was added (11.1 g of imidazole dissolved in 30 mL of water) Stir After mixing for 1 to 2 hours, it was washed once with saturated brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, evaporated, evaporated, evaporated. %; yield: 78.0%).
- Step 1 Add 18 g (0.080 mol) of (Z)-5-(4-fluorophenyl)-6-hydroxy-hex-4-enoic acid (Compound V), 90 mL of N,N-dimethyl to a 250 mL reaction flask. Acetylamine, stirred and dissolved, protected with nitrogen, 17.8 g (0.096 mol) of 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride was added at a temperature of 25 ° C to 30 ° C, and the reaction was kept for 2 hours. The reaction was confirmed by HPLC, and the reaction solution was left to stand.
- Compound V Compound V
- Step 2 Add 180 mL of dichloromethane, 16.3 g (0.088 mol) of 3-nitrobenzoyl chloride to a 500 mL reaction flask, protect with nitrogen, and add 32.4 g (0.32 mol) of triethylamine at a temperature of 25 ° C to 30 ° C. Then, the reaction liquid of the first step is added dropwise at a temperature of 25 ° C to 30 ° C (1 to 2 hours), the reaction is kept for 5 minutes after the addition, and 11.75 g (0.072 mol) of (S)-4-phenyl is further added. 2-oxazolidinone and 4.4 g (0.036 mol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine were incubated for 6 to 7 hours, and the reaction was confirmed by HPLC.
- Example 10 (3R,4S)-4-[4-(3-Nitrobenzoyloxy)phenyl]-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-nitro Benzoyloxy)butan-2(Z)-alkenyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-azetidinone (XIIa), (3R, 4S)-4-(4-hydroxyl Phenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-nitrobenzoyloxy)butan-2(Z)-alkenyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl) -2-azetidinone (XIIIa), (3R, 4S)-4-(4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3 Of -nitrobenzoyloxy)butan-2(Z)-alkenyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-aze
- a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution 30.2 Kg of sodium hydroxide dissolved in 140 L of water
- Example 18 (3R,4S)-4-[4-(3-Nitrobenzoyloxy)phenyl]-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-nitro Benzoyloxy)butan-2(Z)-alkenyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-azetidinone (XIIa), (3R, 4S)-4-(4-hydroxyl Phenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-nitrobenzoyloxy)butan-2(Z)-alkenyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl) -2-azetidinone (XIIIa), (3R, 4S)-4-(4-trimethylsiloxyphenyl)-3-[3-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3 -nitrobenzoyloxy)butan-2(Z)-alkenyl]-1-(4-fluorobenzene Preparation of 2-a
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Abstract
Description
Claims (35)
- 如权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,反应溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲苯或二氧六环,优选甲苯。
- 如权利要求2-3任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的还原剂为二异丁基氢化铝(DIBAH)。
- 如权利要求2-4任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,式IV化合物与还原剂的摩尔比为1∶2.5~5.0,优选1∶3.0~4.0。
- 如权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的脱水剂选自浓硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、磷酸、三氟甲磺酸酐或甲磺酸,优选三氟甲磺酸酐。
- 如权利要求7-8任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,式III化合物与脱水剂的摩尔比为1∶1.0~3.0,优选1∶1.0~1.5。
- 如权利要求7-9任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,反应溶剂选自二氯甲烷或甲苯,优选二氯甲烷。
- 如权利要求12所述的方法,其中,所述的格氏试剂4-氟苯基卤化镁为4-氟苯基溴化镁。
- 如权利要求12-13任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,式II化合物与格 氏试剂4-氟苯基卤化镁的摩尔比为1∶1.0~5.0,优选1∶1.1~3.0。
- 如权利要求12-14任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,反应温度控制在-78℃~-5℃,优选-50℃~-10℃。
- 一种制备式(I)所代表的化合物的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:(a)将式V化合物与羟基保护剂反应得到式VI所示的化合物:其中R2是醇羟基保护基;(b)使式VI所示的羧酸转变成混酐或酰卤,然后再与式VII所示的手性助剂(S)-4-苯基-2-噁唑烷酮反应,得到式VIII所示的噁唑烷酮衍生物:其中,式VI所示的羧酸与酰化剂反应生成混酐;或式VI所示的羧酸与三卤化磷、五卤化磷、二氯亚砜(SOCl2)、草酰氯((COCl)2)或光气(COCl2)反应生成酰卤;X为氯或溴;或者,上述步骤(a)和步骤(b)可以在一步中进行,由式V化合物一锅法制备得到式VIII化合物,具体步骤为:(ab)将式V化合物与羟基保护剂反应得到式VI所示的化合物,不经分离纯化,直接将式VI所示的羧酸进一步转化成混酐或酰卤,再与式VII所示的手性助剂(S)-4-苯基-2-噁唑烷酮反应,得到式VIII所示的噁唑烷酮衍生物,反应式如下:其中,R2是醇羟基保护基;以及其中,式VI所示的羧酸与酰化剂反应生成混酐;或式VI所示的羧酸与三卤化磷、五卤化磷、二氯亚砜(SOCl2)、草酰氯((COCl)2)或光气(COCl2)反应生成酰卤;X为氯或溴;(c)在路易斯酸四氯化钛(TiCl4)和四异丙氧基钛以及叔胺的存在下,使式VIII所示的噁唑烷酮衍生物与式IX所示的亚胺反应,得到式XI所示的加成物:其中R2和R3均为羟基保护基,两者可以相同也可以不同;(d)将式XI所示的加成物通过使用N,O-双(三甲硅基)乙酰胺(BSA)和四丁基氟化铵(TBAF)进行环化,得到式XII、XIII、XIV所示的β-内酰胺:(e)将步骤(d)得到的式XII、XIII、XIV化合物的混合物脱保护,得到式(I)化合物:
- 如权利要求16-19任一项所述的方法,其中,在步骤(a)或(ab)中,醇羟基保护基R2选自以下基团:乙酰基、取代或未取代的苯甲酰基,优选取代的苯甲酰基;其中,所述的取代是指被卤素、烷基或硝基所取代,优选为硝基取代,更优选为硝基在3-位取代。
- 如权利要求20所述的方法,其中,在步骤(a)中,化合物V与羟基保护剂的摩尔比为1∶1.0~3.0,优选1∶1.2~2.3。
- 如权利要求20所述的方法,其中,在步骤(ab)中,化合物V与羟基保护剂的摩尔比为1∶1.0~3.0,优选1∶1.0~1.5。
- 如权利要求21或22所述的方法,其中,步骤(a)的反应溶剂或者步骤(ab)中由式V化合物合成式VI化合物的反应溶剂选自N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)、二甲亚砜(DMSO)、1,3-二甲基丙撑脲(DMPU)或六甲基磷酰三胺(HMPA),优选N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMA)。
- 如权利要求16-19任一项所述的方法,其中,在步骤(b)或步骤(ab)中,形成混酐所用的酰化剂选自特戊酰氯、3-硝基苯甲酰氯或氯甲酸异丁酯,优选特戊酰氯或3-硝基苯甲酰氯。
- 如权利要求24所述的方法,其中,在步骤(b)中,式VI化合物与酰化剂的摩尔比为1∶1.0~2.0,优选1∶1.1~1.6;式VI化合物与手性助剂(S)-4-苯基-2-噁唑烷酮的摩尔比为1∶0.5~1.5,优选1∶0.8~1.1。
- 如权利要求24所述的方法,其中,在步骤(ab)中,式V化合物与酰化剂的摩尔比为1∶1.0~2.0,优选1∶1.0~1.5;式V化合物与手性助剂(S)-4-苯基-2-噁唑烷酮的摩尔比为1∶0.5~1.5,优选1∶0.7~1.1。
- 如权利要求16-19任一项所述的方法,其中,在步骤(c)中,R2如权利要求20所定义;R3选自以下基团:乙酰基、取代或未取代的苯甲酰基,优选为取代的苯甲酰基;其中,所述的取代是指被卤素、烷基或硝基所取代,优选为硝基取代,更优选为硝基在3-位取代;以及所述的叔胺为二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA);所述式VIII化合物与式IX所示的亚胺的摩尔比为1∶1.0~2.0,优选1∶1.0~1.2;其中反应温度控制在-90℃~0℃,优选-80℃~-20℃。
- 如权利要求27所述的方法,其中,在步骤(c)反应结束后,进行后处理淬灭反应,后处理淬灭反应可选用醇、酸或用有机溶剂稀释的酸的混合液;其中所用的醇选自甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇,优选异丙醇;其中所用的 酸选自无机酸和有机酸,包括盐酸、硫酸、硝酸、氢溴酸、甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、苯甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、马来酸或酒石酸,优选有机酸,包括甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、苯甲酸、苯磺酸、对甲苯磺酸、柠檬酸、马来酸或酒石酸,更优选乙酸或三氟乙酸。
- 如权利要求16-19任一项所述的方法,其中,步骤(d)的反应溶剂选自乙腈或甲苯,优选甲苯;式XI化合物与N,O-双(三甲硅基)乙酰胺(BSA)的摩尔比为1∶1.0~5.0,优选1∶2.0~4.0;式XI化合物与四丁基氟化铵三水合物(TBAF)的摩尔比为1∶0.1~0.5,优选1∶0.1~~0.3。
- 如权利要求16-19任一项所述的方法,其中,在步骤(e)中,式XII、XIII、XIV化合物的混合物脱保护所用的溶剂选自四氢呋喃或丙酮,优选丙酮;所用的碱选自氢氧化锂水溶液、氢氧化钠水溶液或氢氧化钾水溶液,优选氢氧化锂水溶液;所用的碱与步骤(d)中式XI化合物摩尔比为3.0~5.0∶1。
- 如权利要求17所述的方法,其中,步骤(a”’)中,式IV化合物与还原剂的摩尔比为1∶2.5~5.0,优选1∶3.0~4.0;所述还原剂为二异丁基氢化铝(DIBAH);反应溶剂选自二氯甲烷、四氢呋喃、甲苯或二氧六环,优选甲苯。
- 如权利要求18所述的方法,其中,步骤(a”)中,式III化合物与脱水剂的摩尔比为1∶1.0~3.0,优选1∶1.0~1.5;脱水剂选自浓硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、磷酸、三氟甲磺酸酐或甲磺酸,优选三氟甲磺酸酐;反应溶剂选自二氯甲烷或甲苯,优选二氯甲烷。
- 如权利要求19所述的方法,其中,步骤(a’)中,式II化合物与格氏试剂4-氟苯基卤化镁的摩尔比为1∶1.0~5.0,优选1∶1.1~3.0;所述的格氏试剂4-氟苯基卤化镁为4-氟苯基溴化镁;反应温度控制在-78℃~-5℃,优选-50℃~-10℃。
- 一种制备式(I)所代表的化合物的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:(1)在四氢呋喃溶剂中,格氏试剂4-氟苯基溴化镁选择性地对式II所示的酮进行格氏加成,得到式III所示的叔醇:(2)在二氯甲烷溶剂中,式III所示的叔醇在脱水剂三氟甲磺酸酐的作用下立体选择性脱水得到式IV所示的(Z)-a,β-不饱和酯:(3)在甲苯溶剂中,式IV所示的羧基与二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)成盐,然后将式IV所示的酯基在还原剂二异丁基氢化铝(DIBAH)作用下选择性地还原为式V所示的醇:(4)在N,N-二甲基乙酰胺溶剂中,式V所示的化合物与羟基保护剂(R2Cl)反应得到式VI所示的化合物:其中,羟基保护基R2优选3-硝基苯甲酰基;(5)使式VI所示的羧酸与酰化剂反应生成混酐,然后再在4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)的催化作用下式VII所示的手性助剂(S)-4-苯基-2-噁唑烷酮与形成的混酐反应,得到一种式VIII所示的噁唑烷酮衍生物:其中,酰化剂优选特戊酰氯或3-硝基苯甲酰氯;(6)在路易斯酸四氯化钛(TiCl4)和四异丙氧基钛以及叔胺二异丙基乙胺(DIPEA)的存在下,式VIII所示的噁唑烷酮衍生物与式IX所示的亚胺反应,得到一种式XI所示的加成物:其中,羟基保护基R2、R3优选3-硝基苯甲酰基;(7)在甲苯溶剂中,将式XI所示的化合物通过使用N,O-双(三甲硅基)乙酰胺(BSA)和四丁基氟化铵(TBAF)进行环化,得到式XII、XIII、XIV所示的β-内酰胺:(8)在丙酮溶剂中,将步骤7)得到的式XII、XIII、XIV化合物的混合物在氢氧化锂水溶液的作用下脱保护,得到式I化合物:
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US9926268B2 (en) | 2018-03-27 |
US10364219B2 (en) | 2019-07-30 |
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EP3153496A4 (en) | 2018-01-24 |
US20170121281A1 (en) | 2017-05-04 |
JP6321829B2 (ja) | 2018-05-09 |
JP2017523137A (ja) | 2017-08-17 |
CN105294426B (zh) | 2019-05-14 |
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