WO2015129675A1 - 誘電体基材表面の金属化方法及び金属膜付き誘電体基材 - Google Patents
誘電体基材表面の金属化方法及び金属膜付き誘電体基材 Download PDFInfo
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- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
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- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/003—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
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- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/08—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
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- C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J151/08—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/02—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition
- C23C18/08—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by thermal decomposition characterised by the deposition of metallic material
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- H01J37/00—Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
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- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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- C08J2379/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08J2361/00 - C08J2377/00
- C08J2379/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08J2379/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- C08J2433/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2433/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters
- C08J2433/14—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Derivatives of such polymers esters of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of metallizing a dielectric substrate surface to provide a dielectric substrate with a metal film used as a high-frequency device used in a mobile phone, a communication circuit, etc., and a dielectric substrate with a metal film obtained thereby. .
- Patent Document 1 discloses a silver-containing composition containing a specific silver compound (A) and an amine compound (B), glass, silicon, polyimide, polyester and A method of forming a silver film such as a metal silver film or a silver wiring by applying on a base material made of polycarbonate or the like and heating the base material is disclosed.
- a metallic silver film can be obtained quickly at a low temperature of less than 150 ° C. in the absence of a catalyst.
- a metallic silver film can be formed on a resin base material having low heat resistance in a short time.
- a metallic silver film can be formed in a short time at a high temperature of 150 ° C.
- the metal silver film obtained by this method has high flatness and adhesion to the base material, the metal silver film obtained by applying this composition and heating it after printing can be used for wiring materials, reflectors, etc. Can be used in various fields.
- fluororesin has low surface energy due to its high chemical stability, and adhesion with other substance groups is extremely difficult.
- glass, silicon, Adhesion to substrates made of polyimide, polyester, polycarbonate, etc. is not a problem, but adhesion to fluororesins such as PTFE, which is extremely difficult to adhere to other substance groups due to the high chemical stability as described above. was not always sufficient, and there was a need for improvement.
- Patent Document 2 uses a rare gas as the surface of a dielectric substrate.
- a process of introducing a hydrophilic functional group on the surface by plasma treatment at atmospheric pressure, a polymerized complex polymer having a clear primary structure and a precursor containing the same metal species as the target plating layer by a liquid phase method The process of applying to the surface of the body substrate to produce an ultra-thin film, and using the hydrophilic functional group as a reactive site, the complexed polymer spontaneously forms covalent bonds and is grafted at a high density.
- a new molecular level is obtained on the fluororesin substrate surface by non-equilibrium plasma treatment under atmospheric pressure generated by low input power and subsequent self-organized graft polymerization of the complexed polymer.
- the cluster acts as a catalyst in the electroless plating process and a metal layer is formed on the resin surface by autocatalytic reaction starting from the metal nanocluster, the fluororesin and complexed polymer, complexed polymer and metal layer Since all of these are linked by a multipoint interaction having a strong covalent bond, strong adhesion strength with a fluororesin such as PTFE can be realized.
- a precursor containing the same metal species as the plating layer is formed after the complexing polymer is spontaneously covalently bonded using high molecular weight as a reactive site and grafted at a high density.
- An unreacted complex that has not been directly bonded to the dielectric substrate in advance is applied before the step of coating the surface of the dielectric substrate by the liquid phase method and coordinating and bonding the precursor to the complexed polymer.
- a method is also disclosed in which the process of washing and removing the polymerized polymer is incorporated to significantly improve the adhesion of the metal layer to the surface of the dielectric substrate and also solve the problem of non-uniform adhesion (Patent Document) (See 3.)
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 because of its high chemical stability, it has excellent adhesion to the surface of a dielectric substrate made of a fluororesin that is extremely difficult to adhere to other substance groups.
- a metal film can be formed.
- the surface of the dielectric substrate is subjected to an atmospheric pressure plasma treatment using a rare gas to introduce a hydrophilic functional group onto the surface, and a complex polymer is applied to the hydrophilic functional group. After the complexing polymer is spontaneously covalently bonded as a reactive site and grafted with high density, a precursor containing the same metal species as the target plating layer is applied to the surface of the dielectric substrate by the liquid phase method.
- the precursor is coordinated and bonded to the complexed polymer, and the complexed polymer film containing metal ions introduced by the precursor is again subjected to atmospheric pressure plasma treatment using a rare gas. Reducing the metal ions to atomic metal, and the resulting atomic metal aggregates in a self-organized manner to form nano-sized clusters or grow into metal nanoparticles. Nanoparticles form on the surface It is necessary to simplify the process because it requires many steps such as the step of immersing the dielectric substrate in an electroless plating bath and forming a metal layer using metal nanoparticles as a catalyst. .
- the present invention can solve problems such as a delay in signal propagation speed and an increase in power consumption when producing a dielectric substrate with a metal film by metallizing the surface of the dielectric substrate.
- a metal film having high adhesion to the surface of a dielectric substrate made of a fluororesin represented by PTFE, which has low surface energy due to its high chemical stability and is extremely difficult to adhere to other substance groups It is an object of the present invention to be able to be formed more easily and at a lower cost than in the prior art.
- the inventors of the present invention generated a peroxide radical on the surface of the dielectric substrate by plasma treatment, and reacted with a grafting agent to produce silver ions.
- a peroxide radical on the surface of the dielectric substrate by plasma treatment, and reacted with a grafting agent to produce silver ions.
- the method for metallizing a surface of a dielectric substrate according to the present invention includes the step of generating a peroxide radical on the surface by subjecting the surface of the dielectric substrate to atmospheric pressure plasma using a rare gas, A step of fixing a functional group that coordinates with silver ions by reacting a grafting agent on the surface of the substrate on which product radicals are generated, and a surface of the substrate on which the functional group that coordinates with silver ions is fixed, A composition comprising a silver compound (A) represented by the formula (1) and an amine compound (B) represented by the following formula (2), wherein the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B) A silver thin film layer is formed by applying a silver-containing composition containing 10 to 50% by mass of the silver compound (A) and 50 to 90% by mass of the amine compound (B) with respect to 100% by mass in total, and heating and curing. Forming a process.
- R 1 represents hydrogen, — (CY 2 ) a—CH 3 or — ((CH 2 ) b—O—CHZ) c—CH 3
- R 2 represents — (CY 2 ) d—CH 3 or — ((CH 2 ) e—O—CHZ) f—CH 3
- Y represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) g—CH 3
- Z represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) h —CH 3
- a is an integer from 0 to 8
- b is an integer from 1 to 4
- c is an integer from 1 to 3
- d is an integer from 1 to 8
- e is an integer from 1 to 4
- f is from 1 to 3 is an integer
- g is an integer of 1 to 3
- h is an integer of 1 to 2.
- the silver-containing composition contains 20 to 80% by mass of the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B) and 20 to 80% by mass of a solvent.
- the dielectric substrate is a fluorine-containing polymer resin, or a liquid crystal polymer such as a fluorine-containing polymer resin and polyester, or a polymer alloy or copolymer of polyimide dielectric.
- the dielectric substrate is polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the grafting agent comprises a complexing compound comprising a functional group comprising an atomic group that includes at least one selected from the group consisting of N, P, and S and that coordinates with a silver ion.
- the complexing compound is vinylamine, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, vinylaniline, vinyl isocyanate, vinylpyrrole, vinylpyrrolidone, vinyltriazine, vinylphosphonic acid, vinylphosphoric acid, vinylthiol, It is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of vinylthiophene and vinylsulfonic acid, and the complexed polymer is at least one polymer compound composed of a polymer of the complexed compound.
- the grafting agent and the silver-containing composition may be any one of a liquid phase method selected from a spin coating method, a spray spraying method, an ink jet printing method, an offset printing method, a gravure offset printing method, a dipping method, and a doctor blade coating method. It is preferable to apply by.
- the present invention also relates to a dielectric substrate with a metal film, characterized in that a silver thin film layer is formed on the surface of the dielectric substrate by using the metallization method for the surface of the dielectric substrate.
- atmospheric pressure plasma is used to form peroxide radicals on the substrate surface, and silver is contained by the grafting agent starting from the peroxide radical groups formed on the fluororesin substrate surface by this atmospheric pressure plasma. Since the functional group that coordinates with the silver ions of the composition is fixed, the adhesion strength of the silver thin film to the surface of the substrate is high, and the silver-containing composition used is composed of the silver compound (A) and the amine compound. (B) is used at a specific ratio, so that the silver concentration in the composition can be increased, and in the absence of a catalyst, a metallic silver film can be obtained quickly at a low temperature of less than 150 ° C.
- the metal silver film can be formed in a short time, and at a high temperature of 150 ° C. or higher, the metal silver film can be formed in a further short time, so that an improvement in productivity can be expected. Accordingly, a dielectric with a metal film, in which a metal film made of a silver thin film having high adhesion is formed on the surface of a dielectric base made of a fluororesin such as PTFE having a high signal propagation speed and relatively low power consumption A base material can be provided more simply and at a lower cost than in the past.
- the resin base material used as the base of the dielectric base material of the present invention include olefin resins such as fluororesin, epoxy resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin and cycloolefin resin, polystyrene resin, syndiotactic polystyrene resin and the like.
- Aromatic polyether ketone resins such as styrene resins, polyether ether ketone resins and polyphenylene ether resins, polyacetal resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, bismaleimide triazine resins and the like can be used.
- a printed circuit board is manufactured using a fluororesin base material as a dielectric base material is shown.
- the base fluororesin substrate in addition to fluorine-containing polymer resins, liquid crystal polymers such as fluorine-containing polymer resins and polyesters, and polymer alloys and copolymers of polyimide dielectrics are used. Can be used.
- the film thickness of the dielectric substrate made of such a polymer film is not particularly limited. Moreover, those containing inorganic substances such as glass cloth can be used in these polymer films.
- the fluororesin is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) unless otherwise specified.
- FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of a method for metallizing the surface of a dielectric substrate according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1A shows a step of subjecting a fluororesin substrate 1 as a dielectric base material to an atmospheric pressure plasma treatment.
- a fluororesin substrate 1 serving as a printed circuit board is placed between two opposing electrodes, and atmospheric pressure plasma treatment using a rare gas as a main component is performed. Formation of dangling bonds by defluorination of the fluororesin surface is induced by radicals, electrons, ions, etc. contained in the plasma (see FIG. 1B).
- the plasma processing apparatus when exposed to the atmosphere for a few minutes to 10 minutes, it reacts with water components in the atmosphere and spontaneously forms hydrophilic functional groups such as hydroxyl radicals and carbonyl groups in dangling bonds. (See FIG. 1C).
- a general method and apparatus can be used for the plasma processing and the plasma processing apparatus, and the plasma processing apparatus may be either a replacement type or an open to the atmosphere type.
- a peroxide radical group is introduced into the surface by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment, and a grafting agent is applied to the surface of the fluororesin substrate 1 by a liquid phase method such as a spin coating method to produce an ultrathin film (see FIG. 1D).
- a peroxide radical group formed on the surface of the fluororesin is used as a reaction point to spontaneously form a covalent bond with the grafting agent 2, and the grafting agent is grafted at a high density from the surface of the fluororesin (FIG. 1). (See (e)).
- a method of applying the grafting agent in addition to the spin coating method, for example, spray spraying method, inkjet printing method, offset printing method, gravure offset printing method, dipping method, doctor blade coating method and the like can be mentioned. It is not limited to.
- the grafting agent examples include a carbonyl group, a lower amino group (primary amino group), a higher amino group (secondary or higher amino group), an amide group, a pyridyl group, which form a coordinate bond with a metal ion.
- a compound or polymer having a functional group such as a pyrrolyl group, an imidazole group, an isocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, an ether group, an ester group, a phosphate group, a urea group, a thiol group, a thiophene group, or a thiourea group is preferred, and at least N, P , And a complex compound or a complex polymer having a functional group coordinated with a silver ion composed of an atomic group containing any one of S and S.
- a functional group such as a pyrrolyl group, an imidazole group, an isocyanate group, a hydroxyl group, an ether group, an ester group, a phosphate group, a urea group, a thiol group, a thiophene group, or a thiourea group is preferred, and at least N, P , And a complex compound or a complex polymer having
- preferable complexing compounds include, for example, vinylamine (eg, acrylamine), acrylamide, acrylonitrile, vinylaniline, vinylisocyanate, vinylpyrrole, vinylpyrrolidone, vinyltriazine, vinylphosphonic acid, vinylphosphoric acid, vinylthiol, Examples thereof include, but are not limited to, vinyl thiophene and vinyl sulfonic acid.
- vinylamine eg, acrylamine
- acrylamide acrylonitrile
- vinylaniline vinylisocyanate
- vinylpyrrole vinylpyrrolidone
- vinyltriazine vinylphosphonic acid
- vinylphosphoric acid vinylphosphoric acid
- vinylthiol examples thereof include, but are not limited to, vinyl thiophene and vinyl sulfonic acid.
- a polymer of the complexing compound such as polyvinylamine (for example, polyacrylamine), polyacrylamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylaniline, polyvinyl isocyanate, polyvinylpyrrole, polyvinylpyrrolidone, Examples thereof include polyvinyl triazine, polyvinyl phosphonic acid, polyvinyl phosphoric acid, polyvinyl thiol, polyvinyl thiophene, and polyvinyl sulfonic acid.
- polyacrylamine include primary amino group-containing acrylic polymer (for example, aminoethylated acrylic polymer). However, it is not limited to these.
- an ultrathin film is prepared by applying the silver-containing composition by a liquid phase method such as a spin coat method (see FIG. 1 (h)). Subsequently, the thin film of the apply
- the silver-containing composition used in the present invention contains a silver compound (A) represented by the above formula (1) and an amine compound (B) represented by the above formula (2) at a specific ratio.
- Silver compound (A) is acetone acetone dicarboxylate, and its form is usually powder.
- the silver compound (A) is a substance that has a high viscosity when diluted with a solvent and is difficult to pattern such as printing.
- the viscosity can be set low even in a composition having a high silver content.
- the silver compound (A) has a high decomposition temperature as a simple substance, and it takes a long time to produce metallic silver by firing at 150 ° C. or lower.
- metallic silver can be produced by low-temperature and short-time firing at 150 ° C. or lower.
- the storage stability (determined by the formation of silver particle precipitates) is remarkably improved as compared with the case of using other silver carboxylates.
- the silver compound (A) content is 10-50% by mass and the amine compound (B) content is 100% by mass of the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B). Is 50 to 90% by mass.
- the preferred range is 20 to 40% by mass of the silver compound (A) and 60 to 80% by mass of the amine compound (B).
- the solubility of the silver compound (A) may be significantly reduced.
- the method for producing the silver compound (A), which is silver acetonedicarboxylate used in the present invention is not limited at all, and is described in known literature, for example, “Jornal furfite Chemie. Band 312 (1970) pp. 240-244”. A method is mentioned.
- silver acetone dicarboxylate is produced using a basic substance, it is desirable to use an organic base in order to avoid contamination with metal ions.
- the amine compound (B) used in the present invention is a compound represented by the above formula (2), wherein R 1 is a hydrogen atom,-(CY 2 ) a-CH 3 or-((CH 2 ) b—O—CHZ) c—CH 3 , R 2 represents a phenyl group, — (CY 2 ) d—CH 3 or — ((CH 2 ) e—O—CHZ) f—CH 3 .
- Y represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) g—CH 3
- Z represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) h—CH 3 .
- a is an integer from 0 to 8
- b is an integer from 1 to 4
- c is an integer from 1 to 3
- d is an integer from 1 to 8
- e is an integer from 1 to 4
- f is an integer from 1 to 3
- g is An integer of 1 to 3
- h is an integer of 1 to 2.
- Examples of the amine compound (B) include ethylamine, 1-propylamine, 1-butylamine, 1-pentylamine, 1-hexylamine, 1-heptylamine, 1-octylamine, 2-ethylhexylamine, isopropylamine, isobutyl.
- the “1-” part included in the notation “1-propylamine” is omitted, and may be simply referred to as “propylamine” or the like.
- R 1 of the amine compound (B) is a hydrogen element, — (CY 2 ) a-CH 3 , — ((CH 2 ) b—O—CHZ) c—CH 3 , Y and Z are each preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, a is preferably an integer of 2 to 6, b is an integer of 1 to 3, and c is preferably 1 or 2.
- R 2 is — (CY 2 ) d—CH 3 or — ((CH 2 ) e—O—CHZ) f—CH 3
- Y and Z are hydrogen atoms
- d is an integer of 1 to 6
- E is preferably an integer of 1 to 3
- f is preferably an integer of 1 to 2.
- an amine compound (B) having a boiling point of less than 130 ° C.
- Examples of the amine compound (B) satisfying these include 1-propylamine, 1-butylamine, 1-pentylamine, 1-hexylamine, 1-heptylamine, 1-octylamine, isopropylamine, isobutylamine, Pentylamine, 3-methoxypropylamine, 2-ethoxypropylamine, 2-ethoxyethylamine, 3-isopropoxypropylamine, diisopropylamine, dibutylamine, and 2-ethylhexylamine are preferably used.
- a solvent can be appropriately added in addition to the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B) for the purpose of improving the coating property to the substrate and adjusting the viscosity.
- the amount of the solvent used is preferably 20 to 80% by mass with respect to the total 20 to 80% by mass of the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B). Furthermore, 40 to 60% by mass is more preferable with respect to the total 40 to 60% by mass of the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B). If the amount of solvent exceeds 80% by mass, a uniform silver film may not be obtained due to a decrease in silver content.
- the type of the solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably a solvent that can be easily removed during the production of the silver film.
- the solvent include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, tert-butanol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, and 1-hexanol.
- N-hexyl alcohol tert-amyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, butoxyethanol, methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, etc.
- Alcohols such as acetoxymethoxypropane, phenylglycidyl ether and ethylene glycol glycidyl, acetone, methylethyl Ketones such as tons and methyl isobutyl ketone, acetonitrile, propionitrile, nitriles such as butyronitrile and isobutyronitrile, sulfoxides such as DMSO, water and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and the like.
- solvents can be used alone or in combination depending on the application.
- ethanol 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-pentanol, tert-amyl alcohol, ethylene glycol , Butoxyethanol, methoxyethanol, ethoxyethanol, propylene glycol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether and dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, acetonitrile, propionitrile, butyronitrile, iso One or more of butyronitrile is preferably mentioned.
- the solvent not only is it added to the mixture of the silver compound (A) and the amine compound (B), but also the silver compound (A) is added to the mixture of the amine compound (B) and the solvent,
- the silver compound (A) is added to the mixture of the amine compound (B) and the solvent.
- the order to add such as adding an amine compound (B) to the mixture of (A) and a solvent.
- the leveling property to the substrate is adjusted by hydrocarbon, acetylene alcohol, silicone oil, etc., or the adhesion to the substrate by a coupling agent such as a silane coupling agent.
- a coupling agent such as a silane coupling agent.
- a silver colloid in which the composition is preheated or a generally known reducing agent is allowed to act to form silver clusters and nanoparticles. It can also be a dispersion.
- a borohydride compound, a tertiary amine, a thiol compound, a phosphorus compound, ascorbic acid, a quinone, a phenol or the like can be added to such an extent that conductivity and flatness are not lost.
- Application of the silver-containing composition of the present invention to a substrate can be performed by a spin coating method, printing, or the like.
- the application method include, but are not limited to, a spray spray method, an ink jet printing method, an offset printing method, a gravure offset printing method, a dipping method, and a doctor blade coating method.
- the heating temperature at the time of heat-treating the substrate after coating the silver-containing composition is not particularly defined as long as it is room temperature or higher, but considering productivity, heating at 80 ° C. or higher is preferable for baking in a short time. .
- heating at 80 ° C. or higher is preferable for baking in a short time.
- thermogravimetric analyzer manufactured by SII Nanotechnology Inc.
- the analysis conditions were a heating rate of 10 ° C./min and a measurement atmosphere in the air.
- the thermal decomposition temperature was 175 ° C.
- the residue after thermogravimetric analysis was 59.7%, which was in agreement with the theoretical residual rate (59.4%).
- Example 1 A PTFE dielectric substrate having a metal film made of a silver thin film formed on the surface was produced by the following procedure.
- the resin base material a PTFE sheet cut to a thickness of 0.2 mm by Nitto Denko Corporation was used.
- the grafting agent an aminoethylated acrylic polymer having an amino group was used.
- Atmospheric pressure plasma treatment 5 A curing tape (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) was attached to both ends of the PTFE sheet after ultrasonic cleaning, and the PTFE sheet was fixed under the electrode of the plasma treatment apparatus. 6) The plasma treatment was performed using a direct current pulse power supply, with an Ar gas flow rate of 3 slm as a process gas, an input voltage of 5 kV pv , a plasma treatment time of 20 minutes, and a gap between the electrode and the sample stage of 1.5 mm.
- the plasma processing apparatus used is an atmospheric pressure plasma surface processing experimental apparatus (AP-T05-L150) manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.
- the silver-containing ink 7 produced in Production Example 7 was applied on a surface-grafted PTFE sheet by a spin coating method.
- the spin coating was performed under the conditions of a rotation speed of 1000 rpm and a rotation time of 10 seconds.
- the silver-containing ink was cured by heat-treating the PTFE sheet coated with the silver-containing ink under the conditions of a heating temperature of 120 ° C. and a heating time of 20 minutes. Thereby, a dielectric substrate with a metal film in which a metal film made of a silver thin film was formed on the surface of PTFE was obtained.
- a tensile tester As a tensile tester, a digital force gauge (ZP-200N) and a motorized stand (MX-500N) manufactured by Imada Manufacturing Co., Ltd. were used. The end of the PTFE sheet was pinched with a clip, and a tensile test was conducted at 1 mm / second. In this example, an adhesion strength of 0.60 N / mm was obtained.
- Example 1 (Comparative Example 1) In Example 1, a silver thin film was formed on the surface of the PTFE sheet in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the steps 5) to 9) were omitted and (II) plasma treatment and (III) grafting were not performed. Thus, a dielectric substrate with a metal film was obtained. About the obtained PTFE sheet with a metal film, the adhesion strength between the silver thin film and the PTFE sheet was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the adhesion strength was 0.0 N / mm, and the silver thin film was simple from the PTFE sheet. Peeled off.
- Example 2 In Example 1, the surface of the PTFE sheet was subjected to plasma treatment in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the steps 7) to 9) were omitted and (III) grafting was not performed to form a silver thin film. A dielectric substrate with a metal film was obtained. With respect to the obtained PTFE sheet with a metal film, the adhesion strength between the silver thin film and the PTFE sheet was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the adhesion strength was 0.32 N / mm.
- Example 1 the surface of the PTFE sheet as the dielectric substrate was subjected to plasma treatment and grafting, and then the silver-containing composition was applied and heat-cured. It was found that the adhesion strength between the thin film and the PTFE sheet was significantly improved.
- Example 2 In Example 1, a dielectric base material having a metal film made of a silver thin film formed on the surface is manufactured by the same procedure as in Example 1 except that the resin base material is replaced with a polyimide (PI) sheet instead of the PTFE sheet. Then, a metal film adhesion test was conducted.
- PI resin base material “Kapton (registered trademark) H300, manufacturer: Toray DuPont Co., Ltd.” was used.
- As a grafting agent an aminoethylated acrylic polymer having the same amino group as in Example 1 was used.
- the PI resin base material was broken, and the metal film and the resin base material had an adhesion strength equal to or higher than the breaking strength of the resin base material itself.
- the breaking strength of the PI resin base material itself was measured and found to be 17.2 N / mm.
- Example 3 In Example 1, except that the resin base material is a cycloolefin polymer (COP) sheet instead of the PTFE sheet, a dielectric base material on which a metal film made of a silver thin film is formed on the surface by the same procedure as in Example 1. Was manufactured and a metal film adhesion test was performed.
- COP sheet “ZEONOR FILM (registered trademark) ZF-16-100, manufacturer: Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd.” was used.
- a grafting agent an aminoethylated acrylic polymer having the same amino group as in Example 1 was used.
- the COP resin base material was broken, and the metal film and the resin base material had an adhesion strength equal to or higher than the breaking strength of the resin base material itself.
- the breaking strength of the COP resin substrate itself was measured and found to be 6.0 N / mm.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の誘電体基材のベースとなる樹脂基材としては、例えば、フッ素樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、シクロオレフィン樹脂等のオレフィン系樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン樹脂等のスチレン系樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、ポリフェニレンエーテル樹脂等の芳香族ポリエーテルケトン系樹脂、ポリアセタール系樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド系樹脂、ビスマレイミドトリアジン系樹脂などを用いることができる。
本実施形態では、誘電体基材としてフッ素樹脂基材を用いてプリント基板を作製する例を示す。
他この種の組成液に一般に使用される添加剤を配合しても良い。
アセトンジカルボン酸43.8gを1000mlビーカーに秤量後、600gのイオン交換水に添加し溶解させ氷冷し、さらに102gの硝酸銀を溶解させた。そこへ、48gのヘキシルアミンを投入後、30分間撹拌した。得られた白色の固体をろ取しアセトンで洗浄後、減圧乾燥することで88.2gのアセトンジカルボン酸銀を白色固体として得た(収率:82%)。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀のTGA分析を、熱重量分析装置(エスアイアイ・ナノテクノロジー(株)社製)を用いて行った。分析条件は、昇温速度10℃/分、測定雰囲気を空気中とした。その結果、熱分解温度は175℃であった。また、熱重量分析後の残分は59.7%であり、理論残存率(59.4%)と一致していた。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀200mgを、遮光瓶中でヘキシルアミン(HA)800mgに溶解させ、銀含有組成物を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液800mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)200mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液1を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でヘキシルアミン(HA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液2を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でブチルアミン(BA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液3を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でプロピルアミン(PA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液4を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でジブチルアミン(DBA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液5を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中で2-エトキシエチルアミン(2-EOEA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液6を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中で2-エチルヘキシルアミン(2-EHA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でイソプロピルアルコール(IPA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液7を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でヘキシルアミン(HA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル(PGM)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液8を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でヘキシルアミン(HA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でn-ヘキシルアルコール(n-HA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液9を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中でヘキシルアミン(HA)600mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でtert-アミルアルコール(TAA)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液10を調製した。
合成例で調製したアセトンジカルボン酸銀400mgを、遮光瓶中で2-エチルヘキシルアミン(2-EHA)200mg及び2-エトキシエチルアミン(2-EOEA)400mgに溶解させ、アセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液を得た。得られたアセトンジカルボン酸銀含有アミン溶液400mgを、遮光瓶中でメタノール(MeOH)600mgに添加して、銀含有インク溶液11を調製した。
以下の手順により、表面に銀薄膜からなる金属膜が形成されたPTFE製誘電体基材を製造した。樹脂基材としては、日東電工株式会社にて厚さ0.2mmに切削されたPTFEシートを使用した。また、グラフト化剤としては、アミノ基を有するアミノエチル化アクリルポリマーを使用した。
1) PTFEシートを一定の大きさ(20mm×50mmの長方形)に切り分けた。
2) 切り分けたPTFEシートをアセトンの入ったビーカーに入れ、1分間超音波洗浄
を行った。
3) 前記2)においてアセトン中で超音波洗浄後のPTFEシートを超純水の入ったビーカーに入れ、1分間超音波洗浄を行った。
4) 前記3)において超純水中で超音波洗浄後のPTFEシートに対して、エアガンにより窒素ガス(純度:99%以上)を吹付け、超純水を飛散させ除去した。
5) 超音波洗浄後のPTFEシートの両端に養生テープ(積水化学工業(株)製)を貼り、PTFEシートをプラズマ処理装置の電極下に固定した。
6) プラズマ処理は、直流パルス電源を用い、プロセスガスとしてArガス流量を3slmで流し、投入電圧5kVp-v、プラズマ処理時間20分、電極と試料台のギャップ1.5mmの条件で行った。
使用したプラズマ処理装置は、積水化学工業(株)製の常圧プラズマ表面処理実験装置(AP-T05-L150)である。
7) グラフト化剤として、超純水で10wt%に希釈したアミノエチル化アクリルポリマー(ポリメント(登録商標)、NK-100PM、(株)日本触媒製)溶液を使用した。本実施例における表面グラフト化は、プラズマ処理したPTFEシートをアミノエチル化アクリルポリマーに20秒間浸漬することにより行った。
8) PTFEシート上の未反応なグラフト化剤を除去するため、表面グラフト化したPTFEシートを超純水の入ったビーカーに入れ、10分間超音波洗浄を行った。
9) 超音波洗浄後のPTFEシートに対して、エアガンにより窒素ガス(純度:99%以上)を吹付け、超純水を飛散させ除去した。
10) 表面グラフト化したPTFEシート上に製造例7で作製した銀含有インク7をスピンコート法により塗布した。スピンコートは、回転数1000rpm、回転時間10秒の条件で行った。
11) 銀含有インクの硬化は、銀含有インクを塗布したPTFEシートを加熱温度120℃、加熱時間20分の条件で熱処理することにより行った。これにより、PTFEの表面に銀薄膜からなる金属膜が形成された金属膜付き誘電体基材を得た。
12) 得られた金属膜付き誘電体基材における銀薄膜とPTFEシートの間の密着強度は、JIS K6854-1に基づいた90°剥離試験により評価した。ナガセケムテックス(株)製の2液混合型のエポキシ接着剤(主剤:EPOXY RESIN AV138、硬化剤:HARDENER HV998、質量比:主剤/硬化剤=2.5/1)をステンレスの棒に塗布し、銀薄膜を接着剤に接触させた。接着剤の硬化は、加熱温度80℃、加熱時間30分の条件で行われた。引張試験機として、(株)イマダ製作所製のデジタルフォースゲージ(ZP-200N)と電動スタンド(MX-500N)を使用した。PTFEシートの端部をクリップではさみ、1mm/秒で引張試験を行った。本実施例において、0.60N/mmの密着強度が得られた。
実施例1において、前記5)~9)までの工程を省略して(II)プラズマ処理及び(III)グラフト化を行なわない以外は、実施例1と同様にしてPTFEシートの表面に銀薄膜を形成し、金属膜付き誘電体基材を得た。得られた金属膜付きPTFEシートについて、実施例1と同様にして銀薄膜とPTFEシートの間の密着強度を測定した結果、密着強度は0.0N/mmであり、PTFEシートから銀薄膜が簡単に剥がれた。
実施例1において、前記7)~9)の工程を省略して(III)グラフト化を行わない以外は、実施例1と同様にしてPTFEシートの表面にプラズマ処理を行い、銀薄膜を形成し、金属膜付き誘電体基材を得た。得られた金属膜付きPTFEシートについて、実施例1と同様にして銀薄膜とPTFEシートの間の密着強度を測定した結果、密着強度は0.32N/mmであった。
実施例1において、樹脂基材をPTFEシートに代えてポリイミド(PI)シートとした以外は、実施例1と同じ手順により、表面に銀薄膜からなる金属膜が形成された誘電体基材を製造し、金属膜の密着試験を行った。PI樹脂基材としては、「カプトン(登録商標)H300、製造元:東レ・デュポン(株)」を用いた。グラフト化剤としては、実施例1と同じアミノ基を有するアミノエチル化アクリルポリマーを使用した。
密着試験の結果、PI樹脂基材が破断し、金属膜と樹脂基材とは、樹脂基材自体の破断強度以上の密着力を有することが確認できた。なお、PI樹脂基材自体の破断強度を測定したところ、17.2N/mmであった。
実施例1において、樹脂基材をPTFEシートに代えてシクロオレフィンポリマー(COP)シートとした以外は、実施例1と同じ手順により、表面に銀薄膜からなる金属膜が形成された誘電体基材を製造し、金属膜の密着試験を行った。COPシートとしては、「ゼオノアフィルム(登録商標)ZF-16-100、製造元:日本ゼオン(株)」を用いた。グラフト化剤としては、実施例1と同じアミノ基を有するアミノエチル化アクリルポリマーを使用した。
密着試験の結果、COP樹脂基材が破断し、金属膜と樹脂基材とは、樹脂基材自体の破断強度以上の密着力を有することが確認できた。なお、COP樹脂基材自体の破断強度を測定したところ、6.0N/mmであった。
2 グラフト化剤、
3 金属膜(銀薄膜層)。
Claims (8)
- 誘電体基材の表面を、希ガスを用いた大気圧プラズマ処理して表面に過酸化物ラジカルを生成する工程、
前記過酸化物ラジカルが生成した基材表面にグラフト化剤を反応させて銀イオンと配位結合する官能基を固定する工程、
前記銀イオンと配位結合する官能基が固定された基材表面に、下記式(1)で表される銀化合物(A)と、下記式(2)で表されるアミン化合物(B)とを含む組成物であって、銀化合物(A)及びアミン化合物(B)の合計100質量%に対して銀化合物(A)を10~50質量%及びアミン化合物(B)を50~90質量%を含む銀含有組成物を塗布し、加熱、硬化することにより銀薄膜層を形成する工程、
よりなる誘電体基材表面の金属化方法。
(R1は、水素、-(CY2)a-CH3又は-((CH2)b-O-CHZ)c-CH3を表し、R2は、-(CY2)d-CH3又は-((CH2)e-O-CHZ)f-CH3を表す。ここで、Yは水素原子又は-(CH2)g-CH3を表し、Zは水素原子又は-(CH2)h-CH3を表す。aは0~8の整数、bは1~4の整数、cは1~3の整数、dは1~8の整数、eは1~4の整数、fは1~3の整数、gは1~3の整数、hは1~2の整数である。) - 前記銀含有組成物が、前記銀化合物(A)及び前記アミン化合物(B)20~80質量%と、溶媒20~80質量%とを含む請求項1記載の誘電体基材表面の金属化方法。
- 前記誘電体基材が、フッ素含有高分子樹脂、あるいはフッ素含有高分子樹脂とポリエステルなどの液晶性高分子、ポリイミド誘電体との高分子アロイや共重合体である請求項1又は2に記載の誘電体基材表面の金属化方法。
- 前記誘電体基材が、ポリテトラフルオロエチレンである請求項1又は2に記載の誘電体基材表面の金属化方法。
- 前記グラフト化剤が、N、P及びSからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つを含み銀イオンと配位結合する原子団からなる官能基を含む錯化化合物及び/又は錯化高分子からなる請求項1~4のいずれかに記載の誘電体表面の金属化方法。
- 前記錯化化合物がビニルアミン、アクリルアミド、アクリロニトリル、ビニルアニリン、ビニルイソシアネート、ビニルピロール、ビニルピロリドン、ビニルトリアジン、ビニルホスホン酸、ビニルリン酸、ビニルチオール、ビニルチオフェン及びビニルスルホン酸からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の化合物であり、前記錯化高分子が前記錯化化合物の重合体からなる少なくとも1種の高分子化合物である請求項5に記載の誘電体基材表面の金属化方法。
- グラフト化剤及び銀含有組成物は、スピンコート法、スプレー噴霧法、インクジェット印刷法、オフセット印刷法、グラビアオフセット印刷法、浸漬法、ドクターブレードコーティング法のうちのいずれかの液相法により塗布する請求項1~6のいずれかに記載の誘電体基材表面の金属化方法。
- 前記請求項1~7のいずれかに記載の誘電体基材表面の金属化方法を用いて、誘電体基材表面に銀薄膜層を形成したことを特徴とする金属膜付き誘電体基材。
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JP2017190390A (ja) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-19 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 積層体の製造方法および積層体、ならびに物品 |
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