WO2015129283A1 - 亜鉛系めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
亜鉛系めっき鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2015129283A1 WO2015129283A1 PCT/JP2015/001054 JP2015001054W WO2015129283A1 WO 2015129283 A1 WO2015129283 A1 WO 2015129283A1 JP 2015001054 W JP2015001054 W JP 2015001054W WO 2015129283 A1 WO2015129283 A1 WO 2015129283A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/043—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
- C23C2/36—Elongated material
- C23C2/40—Plates; Strips
- C23C2/405—Plates of specific length
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
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- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/322—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only
- C23C28/3225—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer only coatings of metal elements only with at least one zinc-based layer
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
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- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/22—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of zinc
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/60—Electroplating characterised by the structure or texture of the layers
- C25D5/615—Microstructure of the layers, e.g. mixed structure
- C25D5/617—Crystalline layers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a galvanized steel sheet excellent in slidability in press molding and alkali degreasing in an automobile manufacturing process, and a method for manufacturing the same.
- galvanized steel sheet is described as including galvannealed steel sheet.
- Zinc-based galvanized steel sheets are widely used in a wide range of fields centering on automobile body applications. Zinc-based plated steel sheets for such applications are used after being subjected to press forming and painting.
- galvanized steel sheets have the disadvantage that they are inferior in press formability compared to cold-rolled steel sheets. This is because the sliding resistance of the galvanized steel sheet in the press die is larger than that of the cold-rolled steel sheet. That is, the galvanized steel sheet is less likely to flow into the press mold at a portion where the sliding resistance between the mold and the bead is large, and the steel sheet is likely to break.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that press-formability and chemical conversion treatment are performed by forming Ni oxide by subjecting the surface of a zinc-coated steel sheet to electrolytic treatment, immersion treatment, coating oxidation treatment, or heat treatment. Disclosed is a technology that improves chemical conversion ability.
- an alloyed hot dip galvanized steel sheet (hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet) is brought into contact with an acidic solution to form an oxide layer mainly composed of Zn oxide on the surface of the steel sheet.
- a technology for improving the slidability by suppressing adhesion between a plating layer (hot-dip galvannealed coating layer) and a press die is disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 describes a technique for improving the degreasing property by washing the surface of an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having an oxide layer with an alkaline solution.
- Patent Document 5 describes a technique for improving the degreasing property by washing the surface of an alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet having an oxide layer with a solution containing P.
- the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, has low sliding resistance during press molding, and has excellent degreasing properties even under severe alkaline degreasing conditions (conditions where the temperature is low and the line length is short). And providing a zinc-based plated steel sheet and a method for producing the same, in which dissolution of the formed oxide layer is suppressed, generation of unevenness due to cleaning treatment can be suppressed, and the treatment liquid does not need to contain an environmental load substance. With the goal.
- the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies to solve the above problems.
- the measured oxygen strength was adjusted to the thickness as the SiO 2 coating.
- Zn is 50 mg / m 2 or more
- S is 5 mg / m 2 or more
- C is 0.2 mg / m 2 or more.
- the oxide layer includes a crystal structure represented by Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X (CO 3 ) X (OH) 6 .nH 2 O (1) or ( 2) Zinc-based plated steel sheet.
- X is a real number of 0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1
- n is a real number of 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 10.
- the galvanized steel sheet is an alloyed hot dip galvanized steel sheet (hot-dip galvannealed steel sheet), hot dip galvanized steel sheet (hot-dip galvanized steel sheet) or electrogalvanized steel sheet (electrogalvanized steel sheet).
- the galvanized steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (3), which is characterized.
- a method for producing a galvanized steel sheet according to any one of (1) to (4) The zinc-plated steel sheet is brought into contact with an acidic solution containing 0.3 g / L or more of sulfate ions and then held for 1 to 60 seconds, and then washed with water, and the oxide layer forming process.
- the acidic solution has a pH buffering action, and the amount of 1.0 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution (L) required to raise the pH of 1 L of the acidic solution from 2.0 to 5.0
- the method for producing a galvanized steel sheet according to (5) or (6), wherein the pH increase defined by (1) is in the range of 0.003 to 0.5.
- the acidic solution comprises a total of at least one salt selected from acetate, phthalate, citrate, succinate, lactate, tartrate, borate, and phosphate.
- the surface of the galvanized steel sheet is activated by bringing the surface of the galvanized steel sheet into contact with an alkaline aqueous solution before the oxide layer forming step (5) to The method for producing a zinc-based plated steel sheet according to any one of (12).
- a galvanized steel sheet having a low sliding resistance during press molding and having excellent degreasing properties even under severe alkaline degreasing conditions can be obtained.
- the oxide layer formed in the oxide layer forming step when manufacturing the zinc-based plated steel sheet is not easily dissolved in the neutralization treatment step.
- the treatment liquid used in the neutralization treatment step contains carbonate ions, so that it does not have to contain environmentally hazardous substances such as P ions.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a friction coefficient measuring apparatus.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing the shape and dimensions of the bead used in Condition 1 of the example.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view showing the shape and dimensions of the bead used in Condition 2 of the example.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing the shape and dimensions of the bead used in Condition 3 of the example.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating evaluation criteria for evaluating appearance unevenness.
- the method for producing a zinc-based plated steel sheet according to the present invention is a method for producing a zinc-based plated steel sheet having an oxide layer on the surface, for example, a commercially available zinc-based plated steel sheet having no oxide layer on the surface.
- an oxide layer formation process and a neutralization process process are provided.
- the step of applying galvanization is a step of applying galvanization to a steel sheet.
- the type of steel used in this process is not particularly limited. Low-carbon steel, ultra-low-carbon steel, IF steel, high-strength steel with various alloying elements, etc.
- Various steel plates can be used.
- a base material steel plate either a hot-rolled steel plate or a cold-rolled steel plate can be used.
- the galvanizing method is not particularly limited, and general methods such as hot-dip galvanizing and electrogalvanizing can be employed.
- the process conditions of electrogalvanization and hot dip galvanization are not specifically limited, What is necessary is just to employ
- Al is added to the plating bath for the countermeasure against dross.
- additive element components other than Al are not particularly limited. That is, even if Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Mg, Mn, Ni, Ti, Li, Cu or the like is contained or added in addition to Al, the effect of the present invention is not impaired.
- alloying treatment galvannealing
- the conditions for the alloying treatment are not particularly limited, and preferable conditions may be adopted as appropriate.
- the area ratio of the flat portion (the top surface of the concavo-convex convex portion) of the surface of the alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer be 20 to 80%.
- the area ratio is less than 20%, the contact area with the press die in the portion (concave portion) excluding the flat portion becomes large, and the thickness of the oxide layer described later in the area actually in contact with the press die.
- the area ratio of the flat portion that can be reliably controlled is reduced. As a result, the effect of improving press formability is reduced.
- the part except a flat part has a role which hold
- the flat part on the surface of the galvannealed layer can be easily identified by observing the surface with an optical microscope or a scanning electron microscope.
- the area ratio of the flat portion on the surface of the alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer can be determined by image analysis of the above micrograph.
- temper rolling may be performed before the oxide layer forming step is performed on a commercially available or obtained galvanized steel sheet as described above.
- surface irregularities are alleviated by flattening by subjecting the surface to temper rolling.
- the force required for the mold to crush the projections on the plating surface is reduced, and the sliding characteristics can be improved.
- irregularities exist on the surface of the galvannealed steel plate. For this reason, in order to remarkably improve the slidability between the galvannealed steel sheet produced by the production method of the present invention and the press die, it is important to subject the steel sheet to temper rolling.
- an activation treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution may be performed before the oxide layer forming step is performed on a commercially available zinc-plated steel sheet obtained as described above.
- conventional hot-dip galvanized steel sheets and electrogalvanized steel sheets have an oxide layer (unnecessary oxide layer) of Zn or an impurity element such as Al whose thickness of the outermost layer is less than 10 nm. Yes.
- the alkaline aqueous solution used in this activation treatment is preferably in the range of pH 10-14. If the pH is less than 10, the unnecessary oxide layer may not be completely removed. If the pH exceeds 14, the zinc-based plating layer is strongly dissolved, the surface becomes black, and burnt-deposit may occur. .
- the temperature of the alkaline aqueous solution used for the activation treatment is desirably in the range of 20 ° C to 70 ° C.
- the kind of alkaline aqueous solution is not limited, it is preferable to use chemicals, such as NaOH, from a viewpoint of cost. Further, the alkaline aqueous solution may contain substances other than the elements contained in zinc-based plating such as Zn, Al, and Fe, and other components.
- the order is not particularly limited when both temper rolling and treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution are performed.
- the subsequent oxide layer forming step refers to an acidic solution containing sulfuric acid on the surface of the zinc-based plated steel sheet (sulfuric acid is present in the acidic solution in the form of sulfate ions. Is held for 1 to 60 seconds, and then washed with water.
- the mechanism by which the oxide layer is formed in this step is not clear, but can be considered as follows.
- dissolution of zinc occurs from the steel sheet side. Since the dissolution of zinc causes a hydrogen generation reaction at the same time, as the dissolution of zinc proceeds, the concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution decreases, and as a result, the pH of the solution increases. And it is thought that the oxide layer which has Zn as a main body forms in the said steel plate surface.
- the portion that comes into contact with the press die during press molding is preferably composed of a hard and high melting point material from the viewpoint of preventing adhesion between the galvanized steel sheet and the press die and improving slidability. .
- the oxide layer as described above formed in the oxide layer forming step is hard and has a high melting point, it can prevent adhesion with the press die and is effective in improving the sliding characteristics.
- the plating layer is hard, the deformation amount of the surface is small, so that the surface flat part of the tempered rolled galvannealed steel plate is uniformly oxidized. When the treatment for forming the physical layer is performed, good slidability can be stably obtained.
- the oxide layer is worn away and scraped off due to the contact between the oxide layer and the press mold. For this reason, it is calculated
- the required thickness varies depending on the degree of processing by press molding. For example, a thicker oxide layer is required when processing involving large deformation or when the contact area between the press die and the oxide layer is large.
- the thickness of the oxide layer may be adjusted in the range of 20 to 200 nm depending on the application. By setting the average thickness of the oxide layer to 20 nm or more, a galvanized steel sheet having good slidability can be obtained.
- the thickness of the oxide layer is 20 nm or more. This is because, in the press forming process where the contact area between the press die and the work piece (zinc-coated steel sheet) becomes large, even if the oxide layer on the surface layer is worn, the oxide layer remains and the slidability decreases. This is because there is almost no invitation.
- the upper limit of the oxide layer thickness is not particularly limited, but when the thickness exceeds 200 nm, the reactivity of the surface is extremely lowered, and it may be difficult to form a chemical conversion treatment film. For this reason, it is desirable that the thickness be 200 nm or less.
- the specific thickness adjustment may be performed by appropriately changing the conditions for forming the following oxide layer.
- the oxide layer forming step may be carried out by bringing the steel sheet into contact with a sulfuric acid acidic solution and holding it for a predetermined time, followed by washing with water and drying.
- Specific materials used and production conditions are as follows.
- the pH of the sulfuric acid acidic solution used in the oxide layer forming step may be such that zinc can be dissolved to form an oxide layer.
- Sulfuric acid is used to adjust the pH.
- the sulfuric acid acidic solution becomes an acidic solution containing sulfate ions.
- the sulfate ion concentration in the sulfuric acid acidic solution is preferably 0.3 to 50 g / L.
- the sulfate ion concentration is less than 0.3 g / L, the amount of sulfate groups in the oxide is reduced, the amount of S in the oxide layer is less than 5 mg / m 2 , and Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X ( A crystal structure represented by CO 3 ) X (OH) 6 .nH 2 O is difficult to form. If the sulfate ion concentration exceeds 50 g / L, there is no problem in quality, but it is not preferable because it leads to an increase in cost.
- a sulfuric acid acidic solution having a pH buffering action is less likely to instantaneously raise the pH of the solution and forms a sufficient amount of an oxide layer, compared to a sulfuric acid acidic solution having no pH buffering action.
- the sulfuric acid solution to be used has a pH buffering action, an oxide layer excellent in slidability can be stably formed. For this reason, even if a metal ion, an inorganic compound, or the like is contained in the solution as an impurity or intentionally, the effect of the present invention is not easily impaired.
- the pH buffering action of a sulfuric acid acidic solution is a pH increase defined by the amount (L) of a 1.0 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution required to increase the pH of a 1 liter sulfuric acid acidic solution from 2.0 to 5.0. Can be evaluated in degrees. In the present invention, this value is preferably in the range of 0.003 to 0.5. If the degree of pH increase is less than 0.003, the pH increase may occur rapidly, so that sufficient dissolution of zinc for forming the oxide layer may not be obtained, and a sufficient amount of oxide layer may not be formed. .
- the degree of pH increase exceeds 0.5, dissolution of zinc may be accelerated too much, it may take a long time to form the oxide layer, or damage to the plating layer may become severe. In some cases, the role of the original rust-proof steel sheet may be lost.
- the pH increase degree of the sulfuric acid acidic solution having a pH exceeding 2.0 is obtained by adding an inorganic acid having almost no buffering property in the pH range of 2.0 to 5.0 such as sulfuric acid to the sulfuric acid acidic solution. The pH is once lowered to 2.0 for evaluation.
- sulfuric acid acidic solution having a pH buffering action examples include acetates such as sodium acetate (CH 3 COONa), phthalates such as potassium hydrogen phthalate ((KOOC) C 6 H 4 (COOH)), and citric acid.
- Citrate salts such as sodium (Na 3 C 6 H 5 O 7 ) and potassium dihydrogen citrate (KH 2 C 6 H 5 O 7 ), and succinic acid such as sodium succinate (Na 2 C 4 H 4 O 4 )
- aqueous solution containing in the range of ⁇ 50 g / L can be mentioned.
- concentration is less than 5 g / L
- the pH of the solution rises relatively quickly with the dissolution of zinc, so that an oxide layer sufficient for improving the slidability cannot be formed.
- concentration exceeds 50 g / L
- dissolution of zinc is promoted and not only has a long time to form the oxide layer, but also the plating layer is severely damaged, and loses its original role as a rust-proof steel plate. There is.
- the sulfuric acid acidic solution as described above preferably has a pH of 0.5 to 5.0.
- the pH of the sulfuric acid acidic solution is desirably 0.5 or more.
- the pH of the sulfuric acid acidic solution is desirably 5.0 or less.
- the liquid temperature of the sulfuric acid acidic solution is preferably 20 to 70 ° C. This is because if the liquid temperature is less than 20 ° C., the formation reaction of the oxide layer may take a long time, which may cause a decrease in productivity. On the other hand, when the liquid temperature exceeds 70 ° C., the reaction proceeds relatively quickly, but conversely, processing unevenness tends to occur on the steel sheet surface.
- the method for bringing the steel sheet into contact with the sulfuric acid solution is not particularly limited.
- the sulfuric acid solution is brought into contact with the zinc-based plated steel plate, it is desirable that a thin liquid film-like sulfuric acid solution film be present on the steel plate surface. If there is a large amount of sulfuric acid solution present on the surface of the steel plate, the pH of the solution will hardly rise even if zinc is dissolved, and zinc may be dissolved one after another, and it takes a long time to form an oxide layer. It may take time.
- the amount of the sulfuric acid solution present on the surface of the steel plate is large, the alloyed hot-dip galvanized layer may be seriously damaged, and the original role as a rust-proof steel plate may be lost. From this viewpoint, it is effective to adjust the adhesion amount of the sulfuric acid acidic solution to 15 g / m 2 or less. Moreover, 1 g / m ⁇ 2 > or more is preferable from a viewpoint of preventing drying of a liquid film.
- the amount of adhesion can be adjusted by a squeeze roll, air wiping or the like.
- the adhesion amount of the sulfuric acid acidic solution can be measured using a CHINO CORPORATION infrared moisture gauge. The upper limit of the adhesion amount is appropriately set according to the desired thickness condition of the oxide layer.
- the time from the contact with the pickling solution to the washing with water (the holding time until the washing with water) needs 1 to 60 seconds. If the time until washing with water is less than 1 second, the sulfuric acid acidic solution is washed out before the oxide layer mainly composed of Zn is formed due to the increase in pH of the solution, so that the effect of improving the slidability cannot be obtained. . Moreover, even if the time until washing exceeds 60 seconds, no change is observed in the amount of the oxide layer. In addition, it is preferable that the holding be performed in an atmosphere containing more oxygen than in the air because the oxidation is promoted.
- the subsequent neutralization treatment step is a step in which the surface of the oxide layer formed in the oxide layer formation step is kept in contact with the alkaline aqueous solution for 0.5 seconds or longer, and then washed with water and dried. is there.
- an alkaline aqueous solution containing carbonate ions is used as the alkaline aqueous solution.
- the zinc-plated steel sheet By contacting an alkaline aqueous solution containing carbonate ions with the oxide layer, the zinc-plated steel sheet exhibits excellent degreasing properties even under harsh arikari degreasing conditions where the temperature is low and the processing time is short because the line length is short.
- the low temperature means that the temperature is 35 to 40 ° C., for example.
- a short line length and a short processing time means that the processing time is 60 to 90 seconds.
- this degreasing improvement mechanism can be considered as follows.
- the sulfuric acid acidic solution remains on the surface of the oxide layer after being washed with water and dried, the amount of etching on the surface is increased, micro unevenness is generated, and the affinity between the oxide layer surface and oil becomes strong. Washing with an alkaline aqueous solution and complete neutralization prevents the sulfuric acid acidic solution from remaining on the surface. If carbonate ions are present, the carbonate ions are taken into the oxide layer and change the crystal structure. At the same time, the physical properties are changed, the affinity between the oxide layer and the oil is dramatically reduced, and the degreasing property is greatly improved.
- the oxide film layer into which carbonate ions have been taken in hardly undergoes a dissolution reaction in the neutralization treatment step. Therefore, in the present invention, which does not need to contain P ions, there is no reaction between the oxide layer and P ions generated when P ions are used, and the appearance is caused by a difference in oxide layer thickness. Problems such as unevenness and a decrease in the stability of press molding can be solved.
- the materials used in the neutralization treatment process and the neutralization treatment conditions are as follows.
- the concentration of carbonate ions in the alkaline aqueous solution is 0.1 g / L or more from the viewpoint of using carbonate ions.
- the concentration is preferably in the range of 0.1 g / L to 100 g / L.
- the carbonate ion concentration is desirably 100 g / L or less.
- the substance that is the source of carbonate ions is not particularly limited.
- carbon dioxide blowing, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, manganese carbonate, nickel carbonate, potassium carbonate and hydrates thereof can be used as the carbonate ion source.
- the use of carbon dioxide and carbonate exemplified above is preferable from the viewpoint of cost and procurement.
- Components other than carbonate ions may be included as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
- S, N, B, Cl, Na, Zn, Al, Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Mn, Si, or the like may be included. These components are preferably in the range of 0 to 10 g / L in total.
- the pH of the alkaline aqueous solution is 9-12. If pH is 9 or more, it can fully neutralize. Moreover, if pH is 12 or less, it will be easy to prevent melt
- the method for bringing the alkaline aqueous solution into contact with the oxide layer is not particularly limited.
- the time for contacting the alkaline aqueous solution with the oxide layer is set to 0.5 seconds or more. By setting it to 0.5 seconds or more, excellent degreasing properties can be imparted to the zinc-based plated steel sheet. Moreover, 10 second or less is preferable from a viewpoint of processing equipment length.
- Oxide layer, Zn becomes O, H, S, C and unavoidable impurities, Zn and 50 mg / m 2 or more, the S 5 mg / m 2 or more, containing C 0.2 mg / m 2 or more.
- the Zn content is 50 mg / m 2 or more and that the S content is 5 mg / m 2 or more. Moreover, it is preferable from a viewpoint of weldability or chemical conversion treatment property that Zn content is 1000 mg / m ⁇ 2 > or less, and S content is 100 mg / m ⁇ 2 > or less.
- the manufacturing conditions are adopted in which the galvanized steel sheet is kept in contact with sulfuric acid acid treatment solution (acid solution), held for 1 to 60 seconds, and then washed with water. To do.
- the C content of 0.2 mg / m 2 or more is necessary from the viewpoints of degreasing properties, appearance unevenness, and stability of press molding. Moreover, it is preferable from a viewpoint of weldability or chemical conversion treatment property that C content is 40 mg / m ⁇ 2 > or less.
- the oxide layer contains H. Although it is difficult to quantitatively analyze H, the presence of H can be confirmed by analyzing the presence form of Zn using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. .
- Zn is present as Zn (OH) 2
- a peak is observed around 987 eV when a narrow scan measurement of a spectrum corresponding to Zn LMM is performed using an Al Ka monochrome source. Thereby, presence of H and presence of OH group can be confirmed.
- the amount of H is not particularly specified, but it is considered that it increases as the amount of oxygen increases because it exists as OH.
- a sulfate group, a carbonate group, and a hydroxyl group are present in the oxide layer.
- the manufacturing conditions are adopted in which the galvanized steel sheet is brought into contact with the sulfuric acid acid treatment solution and then held for 1 to 60 seconds, then washed with water and brought into contact with an alkaline aqueous solution containing carbonate ions, sulfuric acid is contained in the oxide layer.
- Groups, carbonate groups and hydroxyl groups can be present.
- the oxide layer preferably contains a crystal structure represented by Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X (CO 3 ) X (OH) 6 .nH 2 O.
- X is a real number of 0 ⁇ X ⁇ 1
- n is a real number of 0 ⁇ n ⁇ 10.
- the oxide layer may contain a metal oxide and / or hydroxide other than Zn and other components.
- S, N, P, B, Cl, Na, Mn, Ca, Mg, Ba, Sr, Si, and the like may be taken into the oxide layer due to impurities contained in the sulfuric acid acidic solution.
- the oxide layer formed in the present invention can be analyzed by the following method.
- the thickness of the oxide layer is measured using fluorescent X-ray analysis, and the obtained oxygen intensity is calculated from the value of a silicon wafer on which a silicon oxide film having a known thickness is formed. As a standard, it can be measured in terms of silica film thickness.
- a solution of the oxide layer dissolved in 2% ammonium dichromate + 14% aqueous ammonia solution (% means mass%) It is possible to quantify by analyzing using an ICP emission spectrometer (ICP emission spectrometry). About C contained in the oxide layer, the surface of the oxide layer is rubbed with a stainless brush and ethanol having a diameter of 0.2 mm or less and a length of 40 mm or more, and the resulting ethanol solution is filtered by suction. The component can be extracted as a powder component, and this can be quantified by performing a temperature rising analysis using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer.
- crystal water it is possible to analyze the powdered oxide layer components using a differential thermogravimetric analyzer, and a weight loss of 100 ° C. or less corresponds to crystal water.
- the crystal water means water molecules taken into the crystal.
- S, Zn and O can be analyzed using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer.
- the crystal structure it is possible to identify the crystal structure based on the diffraction peak of the oxide layer obtained from X-ray diffraction.
- a hot-dip galvanizing treatment and an alloying treatment were performed on a cold-rolled steel plate having a thickness of 0.7 mm. Thereafter, temper rolling was performed on the treated steel sheet. Subsequently, as a treatment for forming the oxide layer, the steel sheet was immersed in a sulfuric acid acidic solution adjusted to the conditions shown in Table 1 (Table 1-1 and Table 1-2 together) and squeezed with a roll. Thereafter, the predetermined time shown in Table 1 was maintained. Next, after sufficiently washing with water, it was dried. Subsequently, neutralization was performed under the conditions shown in Table 1.
- No. 1 in Table 1. 2-8 no.
- the sulfate ion concentrations of 19 to 38 and No. 48 to 55 were 15 g / L.
- the sulfate ion concentrations of 9 to 18 and 41 to 47 were also 0.5 to 30 g / L.
- the sulfate ion concentration of No. 39-40 was 0 g / L.
- the thickness and details of the oxide layer on the surface of the alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheet obtained above were measured, and press formability (sliding characteristics), degreasing properties, and appearance irregularities were evaluated.
- the evaluation method is shown below.
- composition analysis of oxide layer Using a solution of 2% ammonium dichromate + 14% aqueous ammonia (% means% by mass), only the oxide layer was dissolved, and the solution was analyzed using an ICP emission spectrometer. , Zn and S were quantitatively analyzed.
- the surface of the oxide layer was rubbed with a stainless brush having a diameter of 0.15 mm and a length of 45 mm and ethanol, and the obtained ethanol solution was suction filtered to extract the film component as a powder component.
- the film component collected as a powder was subjected to temperature analysis using a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer to perform quantitative analysis of C.
- a pyrolysis furnace was connected to the front stage of the gas chromatograph mass spectrometer. About 2 mg of the powder sample collected in the pyrolysis furnace was inserted, and the gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace was raised from 30 ° C to 500 ° C at a heating rate of 5 ° C / min. Helium was transported into a gas chromatograph mass spectrometer and analyzed for gas composition.
- the column temperature at the time of GC / MS measurement was set to 300 ° C.
- Presence form of C Similarly, the coating component collected by pulverization was analyzed using gas chromatography bluff mass spectrometry, and the presence form of C was analyzed.
- Presence form of Zn, S, O was analyzed using an X-ray photoelectron spectrometer. A narrow scan measurement of the spectrum corresponding to Zn LMM, S 2p was performed using an Al Ka monochrome source.
- Determination of crystal water A weight loss amount of 100 ° C. or less was measured using a differential thermobalance. About 15 mg of powder sample was used for the measurement. After the sample was introduced into the apparatus, the temperature was raised from room temperature (about 25 ° C.) to 1000 ° C. at a rate of temperature rise of 10 ° C./min, and the thermogravimetric change at the time of temperature rise was recorded.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic front view showing a friction coefficient measuring apparatus.
- a friction coefficient measurement sample 1 collected from a test material is fixed to a sample table 2, and the sample table 2 is fixed to the upper surface of a slide table 3 that can move horizontally.
- a slide table support 5 having a roller 4 in contact with the slide table 3 is provided on the lower surface of the slide table 3, and when this is pushed up, a pressing load N applied to the friction coefficient measurement sample 1 by the bead 6.
- a first load cell 7 is attached to the slide table support 5.
- a second load cell 8 for measuring a sliding resistance force F generated by moving the slide table 3 in the horizontal direction with the pressing force applied is attached to one end of the slide table 3. .
- a lubricant Sugimura Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd. Wash Oil for Press Forming PRETON R352L was applied to the surface of Sample 1 and tested. .
- FIG. 2 and 3 are schematic perspective views showing the shape and dimensions of the beads used.
- the bead 6 slides with its lower surface pressed against the surface of the sample 1.
- the bead 6 shown in FIG. 2 has a width of 10 mm, a length of 5 mm in the sliding direction of the sample, and lower portions at both ends of the sliding direction are curved surfaces having a curvature of 1 mmR. It has a flat surface of 3 mm.
- the bead 6 shown in FIG. 3 has a width of 10 mm, a length of 59 mm in the sliding direction of the sample, and a lower portion at both ends in the sliding direction is formed by a curved surface having a curvature of 4.5 mmR. It has a plane with a direction length of 50 mm.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a static friction coefficient measuring apparatus using the test apparatus 10.
- the sample 100 that has been removed is pulled out.
- the constant load P and the load F necessary for pulling out the sample 100 were measured at intervals of 0.005 Hz.
- the mold 11 has a width of 35 mm, a length of 14 mm in the sliding direction of the sample, and lower portions at both ends of the sliding direction are curved surfaces having a curvature of 2 mmR.
- the lower surface of the bead to which the sample is pressed is 35 mm in width and the length in the sliding direction. It has a 10 mm plane.
- the mold 12 has a width of 35 mm, a length of 24 mm in the sliding direction of the sample, and lower portions at both ends of the sliding direction are curved surfaces having a curvature of 2 mmR, and the bottom surface of the bead against which the sample is pressed has a width of 35 mm and a sliding direction length of 20 mm. It has a plane (hereinafter, condition 3).
- a cleaning oil Preton (registered trademark) R352L for press manufactured by Sugimura Chemical Co., Ltd. was applied to the surface of the sample 100 and tested.
- Degreasing evaluation method Degreasing was evaluated based on the water wetting rate after degreasing. After applying 2.0 g / m 2 of cleaning oil Preton R352L for press made by Sugimura Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. to the prepared test piece, FC manufactured by NIHON PARKERIZING CO., LTD. The sample was degreased using an alkaline degreasing solution of L4460. The deterioration of the alkaline degreasing liquid in the automobile production line was simulated by adding 10 g / L of pre-cleaning oil Preton R352L for press produced by Sugimura Chemical Co., Ltd. to the degreasing liquid.
- the degreasing time was 60 seconds, and the temperature was 37 ° C.
- the degreasing liquid was stirred at a speed of 150 rpm using a propeller having a diameter of 10 cm. Degreasing was evaluated by measuring the water wetting rate of the test piece 20 seconds after the completion of degreasing.
- Comparative Example 1 No. No film formation process.
- the oxide layer thickness is less than 10 nm and the press formability is poor.
- No. No. 2 is an example (comparative example) in which oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment are performed, but carbonate ions are not added to the neutralization treatment solution.
- the amount of C deposited in the oxide layer is insufficient, and some of the press formability and appearance are good, but some of the press formability is insufficient and the degreasing property is poor.
- No. No. 3 is carrying out oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment, but P ions are added to the neutralization treatment solution, but this is an insufficient example (comparative example) in that no carbonate ions are added. .
- the amount of C deposited in the oxide layer is insufficient, the degreasing property and the appearance unevenness are insufficient, and some of the press formability is not insufficient due to the dissolution of the oxide film, but is reduced. Some press formability is insufficient.
- No. No. 26 is an insufficient example (comparative example) in that carbonate ions are not sufficiently added to the neutralization solution.
- the amount of C deposited in the oxide layer is insufficient, and some of the press formability is good, but some of the press formability, degreasing properties, and appearance irregularities are also insufficient.
- No. Nos. 39 and 40 are insufficient examples (comparative examples) in that sulfate ions are not sufficiently present in the oxide layer forming treatment liquid. Although some press moldability is good, S and C are not contained in the oxide layer, and some press moldability, degreasing, and appearance unevenness are insufficient.
- No. Nos. 52 to 54 are examples (comparative examples) in that carbonate ions are sufficiently present in the neutralization treatment solution, but the pH is outside the range of pH 9 to 12. Some press moldability is good, but sufficient C is not contained in the oxide layer, and some press moldability and degreasing properties are insufficient.
- No. 55 is a comparative example in which water washing (water washing in the oxide layer forming step) is not performed between the oxide formation treatment and the neutralization treatment. Sufficient C cannot be taken into the film, and some press moldability is good, but some press moldability and degreasing properties are insufficient.
- No. Nos. 4 to 25, 27 to 38, and 41 to 51 are invention examples in which an oxide layer forming process and a neutralizing process are performed, and the conditions are also in a suitable range. Sufficient Zn, S, and C are contained in the oxide layer, the press formability is excellent, the degreasing property is good, and the appearance unevenness is 4 or more in all conditions.
- composition ratio and charge balance, it should contain a crystal structure material represented by Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 0.75 (CO 3 ) 0.25 (OH) 6 ⁇ 10.0H 2 O. I understand.
- a hot-dip galvanizing treatment was applied to a cold-rolled steel sheet having a thickness of 0.7 mm. Temper rolling was performed on the steel plate after the above treatment. Subsequently, a surface activation treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution was performed using an alkaline aqueous solution adjusted to the conditions shown in Table 3. Next, as a reaction layer formation treatment, the steel sheet was immersed in a sulfuric acid acidic solution adjusted to the conditions shown in Table 3, and squeezed with a roll, and then held for a predetermined time shown in Table 3. Next, after sufficiently washing with water, it was dried. Subsequently, neutralization was performed under the conditions shown in Table 3. The sulfuric acid ion concentration in the sulfuric acid acidic solution was 15 g / L.
- Tables 3 and 4 show the following matters. No. No film forming process was performed. In Comparative Example 1, the oxide layer thickness is less than 10 nm and the press formability is poor.
- No. No. 2 is an example (comparative example) in which oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment are performed, but carbonate ions are not added to the neutralization treatment solution. Although some press moldability and appearance unevenness are good, sufficient C is not contained in the oxide layer, and the degreasing property is poor.
- No. 3 shows an example (comparative example) in which oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment are carried out, but P ions are added to the neutralization treatment solution, but carbonate ions are not added. Sufficient C is not contained in the oxide layer, the degreasing properties and the appearance unevenness are insufficient, and the press formability is not insufficient due to dissolution of the oxide film, but is low.
- Examples 4 to 8 are invention examples in which oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment are performed, and the conditions are also in a suitable range. These contain sufficient Zn, S, and C in the oxide layer, are excellent in press moldability, and have good degreasing properties and appearance irregularities.
- Examples 9 to 18 are invention examples in which activation treatment, oxidation treatment, and neutralization treatment are performed, and the conditions are also in a suitable range. These contain sufficient Zn, S, and C in the oxide layer, are excellent in press moldability, and have good degreasing properties and appearance irregularities.
- Example 2 confirmation of the presence of zinc hydroxide, sulfate, and carbonate in the same procedure as Example 1, and Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X (CO 3 ) X (OH) It was investigated whether or not a crystal structure represented by 6 ⁇ nH 2 O was contained. The results of the investigation are shown in Table 4 as ⁇ for those whose presence and content were confirmed, and x for those whose presence was not confirmed (the presence or absence of crystal water is not shown in the table).
- zinc hydroxide, sulfate, carbonate and water of crystallization are present in the same manner as in No. 27 to 29, 31 of Example 1, and Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X (CO 3 ) X (OH) It can be seen that it contains a crystal structure represented by 6 ⁇ nH 2 O.
- An electrogalvanizing treatment was applied to a cold-rolled steel plate having a thickness of 0.7 mm. Subsequently, a surface activation treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution was performed using an alkaline aqueous solution adjusted to the conditions shown in Table 5. Next, as a treatment for forming the oxide layer, the steel sheet was immersed in a sulfuric acid acidic solution adjusted to the conditions shown in Table 5, squeezed with a roll, and then held for a predetermined time shown in Table 5. Next, after sufficiently washing with water, it was dried. Subsequently, neutralization was performed under the conditions shown in Table 5. The sulfuric acid ion concentration in the sulfuric acid acidic solution was 15 g / L.
- the thickness of the oxide layer on the surface of the hot-dip galvanized steel sheet obtained above was measured, and the details of the oxide layer, the press formability (sliding characteristics), and the degreasing property were the same as in Example 1. It was evaluated by. The results obtained above are shown in Table 6.
- Tables 5 and 6 show the following matters. No. No film forming process was performed. In Comparative Example 1, the oxide layer thickness is 10 nm or less, and the press formability is inferior.
- No. No. 2 is an example (comparative example) in which oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment are performed, but carbonate ions are not added to the neutralization treatment solution.
- the press formability and appearance unevenness are good, but sufficient C is not contained in the oxide layer and the degreasing property is poor.
- No. No. 3 is an oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment, but P ions are added to the neutralization treatment solution, but this is an insufficient example (comparative example) in that no carbonate ions are added. Sufficient C is not contained in the oxide layer, the degreasing property and the appearance unevenness are insufficient, and the press formability is not insufficient due to dissolution of the oxide film, but is low.
- Examples 4 to 8 are invention examples in which oxidation treatment and neutralization treatment are performed, and the conditions are also in a suitable range. These contain sufficient Zn, S, and C in the oxide layer, are excellent in press moldability, and have good degreasing properties.
- Examples 9 to 18 are invention examples in which activation treatment, oxidation treatment, and neutralization treatment are performed, and the conditions are also in a suitable range. These contain sufficient Zn, S, and C in the oxide layer, are excellent in press moldability, and have good degreasing properties.
- Example 3 confirmation of the presence of zinc hydroxide, sulfate and carbonate in the same procedure as Example 1, and Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X (CO 3 ) X (OH) It was investigated whether or not a crystal structure represented by 6 ⁇ nH 2 O was contained. The results of the investigation are shown in Table 6 as “O” for those whose presence and content were confirmed, and “X” for those whose presence was not confirmed (the presence or absence of crystal water is not shown in the table).
- zinc hydroxide, sulfate, carbonate and water of crystallization are present in the same manner as in No. 27 to 29, 31 of Example 1, and Zn 4 (SO 4 ) 1-X (CO 3 ) X (OH) It can be seen that it contains a crystal structure represented by 6 ⁇ nH 2 O.
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Abstract
Description
ここで、Xは0<X<1の実数、nは0≦n≦10の実数である。
亜鉛系めっき鋼板を、0.3g/L以上の硫酸イオンを含有する酸性溶液に接触させた後1~60秒間保持し、その後水洗を行う酸化物層形成工程と、前記酸化物層形成工程で形成された酸化物層の表面を、pHが9~12のアルカリ性水溶液に接触させた状態で0.5秒以上保持し、その後水洗、乾燥を行う中和処理工程と、を備え、前記アルカリ性水溶液は炭酸イオンを0.1g/L以上含有することを特徴とする亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
酸化物層の厚さの測定
合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板に形成された酸化物層の厚さの測定には蛍光X線分析装置を使用した。測定時の管球(tube bulb)の電圧および電流は30kVおよび100mAとし、分光結晶(dispersive crystal)はTAPに設定してO-Kα線を検出した。O-Kα線の測定に際しては、そのピーク位置に加えてバックグラウンド位置での強度も測定し、O-Kα線の正味の強度が算出できるようにした。なお、ピーク位置およびバックグラウンド位置での積分時間は、それぞれ20秒とした。
重クロム酸アンモニウム2%+アンモニア水14%溶液(%は質量%を意味する)を用いて、酸化物層のみを溶解し、その溶液を、ICP発光分析装置を用いて、Zn、Sの定量分析を実施した。
同様に粉末化し採取した皮膜成分、ガスクロマトブラフ質量分析を用いて分析しCの存在形態について分析を実施した。
X線光電子分光装置を用いて、Zn、S、Oの存在形態について分析した。Al Ka モノクロ線源を使用し、Zn LMM, S 2pに相当するスペクトルのナロースキャン測定(narrow scan measurement)を実施した。
示差熱天秤を用いて100℃以下の重量減少量を測定した。測定には粉末試料は約15mgを用いた。試料を装置内に導入後、室温(約25℃)から1000℃まで、昇温速度10℃/minで昇温させ、昇温時の熱重量変化を記録した。
同様に粉末化し採取した皮膜成分のX線回折を実施し、結晶構造を推定した。ターゲットにはCuを用い、加速電圧40kV、管電流(tube current)50mA、スキャン速度4deg/min、スキャン範囲2~90°の条件で測定を実施した。
プレス成形性を評価するために、各供試材の摩擦係数を以下のようにして測定した。
図1は、摩擦係数測定装置を示す概略正面図である。同図に示すように、供試材から採取した摩擦係数測定用試料1が試料台2に固定され、試料台2は、水平移動可能なスライドテーブル3の上面に固定されている。スライドテーブル3の下面には、これに接したローラ4を有する上下動可能なスライドテーブル支持台5が設けられ、これを押上げることにより、ビード6による摩擦係数測定用試料1への押付荷重Nを測定するための第1ロードセル7が、スライドテーブル支持台5に取付けられている。上記押し付け力を作用させた状態でスライドテーブル3を水平方向へ移動させることで生じる摺動抵抗力Fを測定するための第2ロードセル8が、スライドテーブル3の一方の端部に取付けられている。なお、潤滑油として、スギムラ化学工業(株)製のプレス用洗浄油プレトンR352L(Sugimura Chemical Industrial Co.,Ltd. Wash Oil for Press Forming PRETON R352L)を試料1の表面に塗布して試験を行った。
[条件1]
図2に示すビードを用い、押し付け荷重N:400kgf、試料の引き抜き速度(スライドテーブル3の水平移動速度):100cm/minとした。
[条件2]
図3に示すビードを用い、押し付け荷重N:400kgf、試料の引き抜き速度(スライドテーブル3の水平移動速度):20cm/minとした。
プレス成形シミュレーションを行った結果、面圧が7MPa以下で摺動速度が50mm/min以下の部位(張り出し成形部位など)においては、動摩擦係数より、静止摩擦係数のほうが、実際のプレス成形性との相関性が高いことが明らかになった。そこで、プレス成形性(特に張り出し部における成形性)を評価するために、各供試材の静止摩擦係数を以下のようにして測定した。図4は、試験装置10を用いた静止摩擦係数測定装置を示す概略図である。同図に示すように、供試材から採取した動摩擦係数測定用試料100を一定荷重P=370kgfで金型11、12を押し付けてから10mm/minの速度で、金型11、12で侠持されているサンプル100を引き抜く。これにより、一定荷重Pとサンプル100の引き抜きに必要な荷重Fを0.005Hzの間隔で測定した。静止摩擦係数μは、式:μ=F’/Pで算出し、摺動開始後のピーク値の摩擦係数を静止摩擦係数として取得した。なお、金型11の形状は幅35mm、試料の摺動方向長さ14mm、摺動方向両端の下部は曲率2mmRの曲面で構成され、試料が押し付けられるビード下面は幅35mm、摺動方向長さ10mmの平面を有する。金型12の形状は幅35mm、試料の摺動方向長さ24mm、摺動方向両端の下部は曲率2mmRの曲面で構成され、試料が押し付けられるビード下面は幅35mm、摺動方向長さ20mmの平面を有する(以下条件3)。なお、潤滑油として、スギムラ化学社製のプレス用洗浄油プレトン(登録商標)R352Lを試料100の表面に塗布して試験を行った。
脱脂性の評価は、脱脂後の水濡れ率で行った。作成した試験片に、スギムラ化学工業(株)製のプレス用洗浄油プレトンR352Lを片面2.0g/m2塗油したのち、日本パーカライジング(株)製(NIHON PARKERIZING CO.,LTD.)のFC-L4460のアルカリ脱脂液を用いてサンプルの脱脂を行った。脱脂液にスギムラ化学工業(株)製のプレス用洗浄油プレトンR352Lを10g/Lを予め添加することで自動車生産ラインにおけるアルカリ脱脂液の劣化をシミュレートした。ここで、脱脂時間は60秒とし、温度は37℃とした。脱脂時は、直径10cmのプロペラを用いて150rpmの速度で脱脂液を攪拌した。脱脂完了から20秒後の試験片の水濡れ率を測定することで、脱脂性の評価を行った。
外観ムラは目視により評価した。図5に示す外観見本を基準として、評点を1~5点を付与し評価した。なお4点以上が良好であることを示し、5点は更に良好であることを示している。
評点1:面積率が50%以上の明確なムラが存在する。
評点2:面積率が50%以上であるが、ムラは明確ではない。
評点3:面積率が20%以上の明確なムラが存在する。
評点4:面積率が20以上であるが、明確ではないムラが存在する。
評点5:目視で確認できるムラは存在しない。
2 試料台
3 スライドテーブル
4 ローラ
5 スライドテーブル支持台
6 ビード
7 第1ロードセル
8 第2ロードセル
9 レール
N 押付荷重
F 摺動抵抗力
10 静止摩擦係数測定装置
11 金型
12 金型
100 摩擦係数測定用資料
P 押付荷重
F’ 引き抜き荷重
Claims (14)
- 鋼板と、該鋼板上に形成された亜鉛系めっき層とを備え、
前記めっき層は、表層に平均厚さ20nm以上の酸化物層を有し、
前記酸化物層は、Zn、O、H、S、Cおよび不可避的不純物からなり、Znを50mg/m2以上、Sを5mg/m2以上、Cを0.2mg/m2以上含有することを特徴とする亜鉛系めっき鋼板。 - 前記酸化物層に、硫酸基、炭酸基及び水酸基が存在することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板。
- 前記酸化物層にZn4(SO4)1-X(CO3)X(OH)6・nH2Oで表される結晶構造物が含まれることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板。
ここで、Xは0<X<1の実数、nは0≦n≦10の実数である。 - 亜鉛系めっき鋼板が、合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板又は電気亜鉛めっき鋼板であることを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法であって、
亜鉛系めっき鋼板を、0.3g/L以上の硫酸イオンを含有する酸性溶液に接触させた後1~60秒間保持し、その後水洗を行う酸化物層形成工程と、
前記酸化物層形成工程で形成された酸化物層の表面を、pHが9~12のアルカリ性水溶液に接触させた状態で0.5秒以上保持し、その後水洗、乾燥を行う中和処理工程と、を備え、
前記アルカリ性水溶液は炭酸イオンを0.1g/L以上含有することを特徴とする亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記アルカリ性水溶液は、温度が20~70℃であることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記酸性溶液は、pH緩衝作用を有し、1Lの前記酸性溶液のpHを2.0から5.0まで上昇させるのに必要な1.0mol/L水酸化ナトリウム溶液の量(L)で定義するpH上昇度が0.003~0.5の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項5または6に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記酸性溶液は、酢酸塩、フタル酸塩、クエン酸塩、コハク酸塩、乳酸塩、酒石酸塩、ホウ酸塩、及びリン酸塩のうち少なくとも1種類の塩を合計で、5~50g/L含有し、pHが0.5~5.0、温度が20~70℃であることを特徴とする請求項5~7のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記酸化物層形成工程での、前記酸性溶液接触後の鋼板表面の前記酸性溶液付着量が15g/m2以下であることを特徴とする請求項5~8のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記亜鉛系めっき鋼板が、合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板であることを特徴とする請求項5~9のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記亜鉛系めっき鋼板が、溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板であることを特徴とする請求項5~9のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記亜鉛系めっき鋼板が、電気亜鉛めっき鋼板であることを特徴とする請求項5~9のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記酸化物層形成工程の前に、前記亜鉛系めっき鋼板表面を、アルカリ性の水溶液に接触させることにより、前記亜鉛系めっき鋼板の表面を活性化させることを特徴とする請求項5~12のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
- 前記酸化物層形成工程の前に、前記亜鉛系めっき鋼板に調質圧延を施すことを特徴とする請求項5~13のいずれか1項に記載の亜鉛系めっき鋼板の製造方法。
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