WO2015120747A1 - 气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置 - Google Patents

气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015120747A1
WO2015120747A1 PCT/CN2014/095119 CN2014095119W WO2015120747A1 WO 2015120747 A1 WO2015120747 A1 WO 2015120747A1 CN 2014095119 W CN2014095119 W CN 2014095119W WO 2015120747 A1 WO2015120747 A1 WO 2015120747A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piston assembly
barrel
chamber
plate
piston
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PCT/CN2014/095119
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谭久彬
杨远源
王雷
赵勃
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哈尔滨工业大学
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Application filed by 哈尔滨工业大学 filed Critical 哈尔滨工业大学
Priority to US15/111,145 priority Critical patent/US9782833B2/en
Publication of WO2015120747A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015120747A1/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/40Expansion mandrels
    • B23B31/4006Gripping the work or tool by a split sleeve
    • B23B31/402Gripping the work or tool by a split sleeve using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B31/00Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
    • B23B31/02Chucks
    • B23B31/10Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
    • B23B31/12Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
    • B23B31/20Longitudinally-split sleeves, e.g. collet chucks
    • B23B31/201Characterized by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
    • B23B31/204Characterized by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using fluid-pressure means to actuate the gripping means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • B23Q3/08Work-clamping means other than mechanically-actuated
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q2703/00Work clamping
    • B23Q2703/02Work clamping means
    • B23Q2703/10Devices for clamping workpieces of a particular form or made from a particular material
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/10Expanding
    • Y10T279/1004Collet type
    • Y10T279/1012Fixed cam and moving jaws
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T279/00Chucks or sockets
    • Y10T279/12Chucks or sockets with fluid-pressure actuator
    • Y10T279/1241Socket type
    • Y10T279/1249Collet
    • Y10T279/1258Fixed cam and moving jaws

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to a workpiece clamping device, and mainly relates to a precision annular workpiece clamping device in the field of equipment manufacturing.
  • the solution mainly comprises a chuck body, a cam, a limiting block and at least three clamping members.
  • the cam rotates with the chuck body
  • the limiting block fixes the clamping member radially along the chuck body.
  • the structure is characterized in that The clamping position of the robot is not limited, and the clamping of the disk without damaging the object to be clamped is achieved.
  • the problem with this solution is that with the outer card design, the clamping parts will deform the contour and cannot be ignored for ultra-precision parts.
  • Patent No. 4,840,387 proposes a card loading device in which the split nut and the chuck are interlocked with each other.
  • the structure is characterized by high reliability, and it is convenient to manually adjust the tightening degree of the chuck.
  • the problem is that the structure is slightly complicated and is suitable for large workpieces.
  • the clamping needs to increase the proportion of the device accordingly, resulting in an increased frictional force, which is not conducive to assembly and loading.
  • the traditional three-jaw chuck and multi-claw chuck clamping mechanism may cause irreparable damage to the surface of the workpiece due to the natural defects of uneven force on the workpiece.
  • more and more large and super large ring-shaped workpieces are constantly appearing.
  • the volume of the traditional three-jaw chuck and multi-claw chuck clamping mechanism should increase correspondingly with the increase of the outer diameter of the ring, in terms of economic cost. More and more do not dominate, but at the same time limit the designer's design of large ring workpieces.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic type precision ring-shaped inner positioning surface clamping device in combination with the actual needs, and to improve the processing quality, the adaptability and the convenient use of the precision annular workpiece. .
  • the upper plate and the lower plate are tightly fixed on the upper and lower end faces of the barrel respectively, and the wedge block is fixedly mounted on the upper plate to form a closed chamber inside the barrel; the rod portion of the piston assembly is inserted in the center of the wedge block In the hole, the piston portion of the piston assembly is fitted in a closed chamber formed inside the barrel, and the closed chamber is divided into a completely partitioned upper chamber and a lower chamber, and is arranged on the outer surface of the piston portion of the piston assembly.
  • a sealing ring is arranged on the piston assembly and located in the chamber of the cylinder, the upper end surface of the stack spring is in contact with the lower end surface of the upper plate, and the lower end surface of the spring is in contact with the piston portion of the piston assembly through the washer Cooperating, an air inlet hole communicating with the lower chamber of the barrel is arranged on the lower plate, and a vent hole communicating with the chamber of the barrel body is arranged on the upper part of the barrel; the elastic hinge block which can be contracted or expanded in the radial direction is set on the wedge block On the upper outer part, the limiting ring is nested on the outer part of the elastic hinge block; the adapter plate is fixed on the upper end portion of the rod portion of the piston assembly by a pre-tightening screw, and the adapter plate is fixedly connected with the elastic hinge block Threaded fit to fit the adjustment knob to the adapter plate , And the limit stop screw adapter board inserted in the column, and the limit and the limit screw threaded post and the wedge block, thus constituting within
  • the drawing is an overall structural view of the positioning surface clamping device in the pneumatic precision annular workpiece.
  • the part number 1 - lower plate; 1-1 - air intake hole; 2 - sealing ring; 3 - stacked spring; 4 - limit ring; 5 - piston assembly; 6 - elastic hinge block; Screw; 8 - pre-tightening screw; 9 - adjusting knob; 10 - limiting column; 11 - adapter plate; 12 - wedge block; 13 - washer; 14 - upper plate; 15 - barrel; hole.
  • a pneumatic precision annular workpiece positioning surface clamping device the upper plate 14 and the lower plate 1 are tightly fixed on the upper and lower end faces of the barrel 15, respectively, and the wedge block 12 is fixedly mounted on the upper plate 14, in the cylinder
  • the inside of the body 15 constitutes a closed chamber; the rod portion of the piston assembly 5 is inserted into the central hole of the wedge block 12, and the piston portion of the piston assembly 5 is fitted to the closed chamber formed inside the barrel 15.
  • the closed chamber is divided into a completely partitioned upper chamber and a lower chamber, and a sealing ring 2 is fitted on the outer circumferential surface of the piston portion of the piston assembly 5, and the stacked spring 3 is fitted on the piston assembly 5 and located
  • the upper end surface of the stack spring 3 is in contact with the lower end surface of the upper plate 14, and the lower end surface of the stack spring 3 is in contact with the piston portion of the piston assembly 5 through the washer 13 to be disposed on the lower plate 1
  • An intake hole 1-1 communicating with the lower chamber of the barrel 15 and a vent hole 15-1 communicating with the upper chamber of the barrel 15 at the upper portion of the barrel 15; an elastic hinge block 6 which can be contracted or expanded in the radial direction
  • the sleeve is nested on the outer side of the upper side of the wedge block 12, and the limit ring 4 is nested on the outer portion of the elastic hinge block 6;
  • the adapter plate 11 is fixed on the upper end portion of the rod portion of the piston assembly 5 by a pre-tighten
  • the compressed air is input into the lower chamber of the barrel 15 through the air inlet hole 1-1, the piston assembly 5 compresses the stack spring 3, and pushes the piston assembly 5 to perform work, and drives the adapter plate 11 and the elastic hinge block 6 upward.
  • the air in the upper chamber of the barrel 15 is discharged through the vent hole 15-1, so that the elastic hinge block 6 is disengaged from the wedge block 12, the elastic hinge block 6 is contracted, and the outer ring is out of contact with the circular workpiece.
  • the spring of the spring 3 is externally driven to push the piston assembly 5 downward, thereby re-pressing the elastic hinge block 6 and the wedge block 12, and the radial component of the contact surface is
  • the elastic hinge block 6 is outwardly expanded, and the outer ring and the annular workpiece are pressed again to realize the loading of the device and the workpiece.
  • the limiting screw 7 is used to limit the upward movement of the piston assembly 5, thereby limiting the degree of contraction of the elastic hinge block 6; adjusting the knob 9 and the limiting column 10
  • the adjusting knob 9 is rotated to make contact with each other, and then the degree of outward expansion of the elastic hinge block 6 can be precisely defined; when the elastic hinge block 6 does not define the precise degree of expansion
  • the limit circle has 4 supplementary limit functions.

Abstract

一种气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置,活塞总成(5)的杆部插装在楔形块(12)的中心孔内,其活塞部位于筒身(15)的密闭腔室内;叠簧(3)套装在活塞总成(5)上;在下板(1)上设置进气孔(1-1),在筒身(15)上部设置排气孔(15-1);弹性铰链块(6)套装在楔形块(12)的外部。气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置结构简单,可靠性高,适应能力强。

Description

气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置 技术领域
本发明属于工夹器具,主要涉及装备制造领域中的精密环形工件夹持装置。
背景技术
在超精密计量测试和超精密加工领域中,高速、稳定、定位精确的夹持装置是进行精密测量和航空发动机装配的基本保证。目前,随着材料科学的进步,以及超精密测量仪器和超精密加工制造设备的精度等级的提高,高精度的环形工件的设计应用越来越广泛,其加工过程中的器具成为保证加工精度的基础。
合肥工业大学提出一种摆杆式轴向扣紧卡盘(一种摆杆式轴向扣紧卡盘。专利公开号:CN 201210212982.1)。该方案设计了动力卡盘体和夹紧卡盘体,径向均匀分布三个滑槽并嵌有底爪和推爪,上方设有摆杆组件,该结构能够克服工件结构复杂时传统卡盘难以夹持的问题。该方案的问题在于,采用轴向夹紧,不适合薄壁圆筒形工件。
北京七星华创电子股份有限公司提出一种盘状物夹持装置(盘状物夹持装置。专利公开号:CN 201110365937.5)。该方案主要包括卡盘主体、凸轮、限位块、至少三个夹持部件,凸轮随卡盘主体转动时,限位块沿卡盘主体径向固定所述夹持部件,该结构的特点是不限定机械手的夹持位置,实现了再不损坏被夹物件的情况下对盘状物的夹持。该方案的问题在于,采用外卡设计,夹持部件会对轮廓产生形变,对超精密零件来说不可忽视。
专利号US4840387提出了一种对开螺母和卡盘互相配合紧锁的装卡装置,该结构的特点是可靠性高,可以方便手动调节卡盘拧紧程度,问题在于结构稍微复杂,针对大型工件的夹持需相应提高装置的比例,导致调整的摩擦力增大,不利于装配及装卡。
总体来说,传统的三爪卡盘、多爪卡盘夹持机构因自身对工件受力不均匀的天然缺陷,使得装配过程中有可能对工件表面产生不可修复的损伤。而且越来越多大型、超大型环形设计的工件不断出现,传统的三爪卡盘、多爪卡盘夹持机构的体积应随着圆环外径的增大而相应增长,在经济成本上越发不占优势,同时反而限制设计人员对大型环工件的设计。
因此,设计一款能克服传统卡盘结构的缺点,并同时有稳定性高、定位精确、对工件表面损伤小等优点的夹持装置,对精密装配制造业具有重要意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是针对上述现有技术存在的问题,结合实际需求,设计提供一种气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置,达到提高精密环形工件加工质量、适应能力强、使用方便的目的。
本发明的技术方案是:
在筒身的上、下端面上分别紧密固装上板和下板,楔形块固定配装在上板上,在筒身内部构成密闭腔室;活塞总成的杆部插装在楔形块中心孔内,活塞总成的活塞部配装在筒身内部构成的密闭腔室内,将密闭腔室分隔成完全隔断的上腔室和下腔室,在活塞总成的活塞部位外圆表面上配装密封圈,叠簧套装在活塞总成上,且位于筒身上腔室内,所述叠簧的上端面与上板下端面接触配合,叠簧的下端面通过垫圈与活塞总成的活塞部接触配合,在下板上设置与筒身下腔室连通的进气孔,在筒身上部设置与筒身上腔室连通的排气孔;可以沿径向方向收缩或扩张的弹性铰链块套装在楔形块上侧外部上,限位圈嵌套在弹性铰链块外部上;在活塞总成的杆部上端部上通过预紧螺钉固装转接板,所述转接板与弹性铰链块固接,通过螺纹配合将调整旋钮配装在转接板上,限位螺钉和限位柱插装在转接板上,且限位螺钉和限位柱与楔形块螺纹连接,至此构成气动式密封环形工件内卡夹持装置。
本发明的技术创新性及产生的良好效果在于:
以空气为介质,利用空气的压缩性,实现集中供气,机械设计及维护大大简化;施力均匀,减少受力不均产生的非线性影响;可实现工作速率的智能控制,输入及输出力矩和工作速度的容易调节;结构简单、轻便、安装维护简单,制造成本低,可靠性高,使用寿命长,可实现缓冲。
附图说明
附图是气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置整体示结构意图。
图中件号:1—下板;1-1—进气孔;2—密封圈;3—叠簧;4—限位圈;5—活塞总成;6—弹性铰链块;7—限位螺钉;8—预紧螺钉;9—调整旋钮;10—限位柱;11—转接板;12—楔形块;13—垫圈;14—上板;15—筒身;15-1—排气孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明具体实施例作进一步详细描述。
一种气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置,在筒身15的上、下端面上分别紧密固装上板14和下板1,楔形块12固定配装在上板14上,在筒身15内部构成密闭腔室;活塞总成5的杆部插装在楔形块12中心孔内,活塞总成5的活塞部配装在筒身15内部构成的密闭腔室 内,将密闭腔室分隔成完全隔断的上腔室和下腔室,在活塞总成5的活塞部位外圆表面上配装密封圈2,叠簧3套装在活塞总成5上,且位于筒身15上腔室内,所述叠簧3的上端面与上板14下端面接触配合,叠簧3的下端面通过垫圈13与活塞总成5的活塞部接触配合,在下板1上设置与筒身15下腔室连通的进气孔1-1,在筒身15上部设置与筒身15上腔室连通的排气孔15-1;可以沿径向方向收缩或扩张的弹性铰链块6套装在楔形块12上侧外部上,限位圈4嵌套在弹性铰链块6外部上;在活塞总成5的杆部上端部上通过预紧螺钉8固装转接板11,所述转接板11与弹性铰链块6固接,通过螺纹配合将调整旋钮9配装在转接板11上,限位螺钉7和限位柱10插装在转接板11上,且限位螺钉7和限位柱10与楔形块12螺纹连接。
作业使用时,压缩空气经由进气孔1-1输入筒身15的下腔室内,活塞总成5压缩叠簧3,并推动活塞总成5做功,带动转接板11、弹性铰链块6向上运动,同时将筒身15的上腔室内空气经排气孔15-1排出,使得弹性铰链块6与楔形块12脱离接触,弹性铰链块6收缩,外圈与圆环形工件脱离接触,实现装置与工件的分离;移除压缩空气后,叠簧3弹力对外做功,推动活塞总成5向下运动,进而使弹性铰链块6与楔形块12重新受压,接触面的径向分力使弹性铰链块6向外扩张,外圈与圆环形工件再次压紧,实现装置与工件的装卡。
所述的气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置里,限位螺钉7用于限制活塞总成5向上的运动行程,进而限定弹性铰链块6的收缩程度;调整旋钮9与限位柱10配合使用,通过事先设定限位柱10的高度,旋转调整旋钮9使二者接触,继而可以精确限定弹性铰链块6的向外扩张程度;当弹性铰链块6没有限定精确外扩程度的时候,限位圈4起补充限位作用。

Claims (1)

  1. 一种气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置,其特征在于:在筒身(15)的上、下端面上分别紧密固装上板(14)和下板(1),楔形块(12)固定配装在上板(14)上,在筒身(15)内部构成密闭腔室;活塞总成(5)的杆部插装在楔形块(12)中心孔内,活塞总成(5)的活塞部配装在筒身(15)内部构成的密闭腔室内,将密闭腔室分隔成完全隔断的上腔室和下腔室,在活塞总成(5)的活塞部位外圆表面上配装密封圈(2),叠簧(3)套装在活塞总成(5)上,且位于筒身(15)上腔室内,所述叠簧(3)的上端面与上板(14)下端面接触配合,叠簧(3)的下端面通过垫圈(13)与活塞总成(5)的活塞部接触配合,在下板(1)上设置与筒身(15)下腔室连通的进气孔(1-1),在筒身(15)上部设置与筒身(15)上腔室连通的排气孔(15-1);可以沿径向方向收缩或扩张的弹性铰链块(6)套装在楔形块(12)上侧外部上,限位圈(4)嵌套在弹性铰链块(6)外部上;在活塞总成(5)的杆部上端部上通过预紧螺钉(8)固装转接板(11),所述转接板(11)与弹性铰链块(6)固接,通过螺纹配合将调整旋钮(9)配装在转接板(11)上,限位螺钉(7)和限位柱(10)插装在转接板(11)上,且限位螺钉(7)和限位柱(10)与楔形块(12)螺纹连接。
PCT/CN2014/095119 2014-02-14 2014-12-26 气动式精密环形工件内定位面夹持装置 WO2015120747A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/111,145 US9782833B2 (en) 2014-02-14 2014-12-26 Pneumatic-type precision annular workpiece inner positioning surface clamping device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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